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Sean O'Callaghan - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Provisional Irish Republican Army activity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irish_Government_agent_within_the_IRA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irish_Government_agent_within_the_IRA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Irish Government agent within the IRA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irish_Government_agent_within_the_IRA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Imprisonment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Imprisonment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Imprisonment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Imprisonment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-IRA_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-IRA_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Post-IRA life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-IRA_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disputed_claims_of_O&#039;Callaghan&#039;s_accounts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disputed_claims_of_O&#039;Callaghan&#039;s_accounts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Disputed claims of O'Callaghan's accounts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disputed_claims_of_O&#039;Callaghan&#039;s_accounts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Publications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Former member of the Provisional Irish Republican Army</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Irish journalist and author of <i>To Hell or Barbados</i>, see <a href="/wiki/Sean_O%27Callaghan_(journalist)" title="Sean O&#39;Callaghan (journalist)">Sean O'Callaghan (journalist)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><b>Sean O'Callaghan</b> (10 October 1954 – 23 August 2017)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Provisional Irish Republican Army</a> (IRA), who from the late 1970s to the mid-1980s worked against the organisation from within as a <a href="/wiki/Mole_(espionage)" title="Mole (espionage)">mole</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Irish Government</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Garda_S%C3%ADoch%C3%A1na" title="Garda Síochána">Garda Síochána</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Special_Detective_Unit" title="Special Detective Unit">Special Branch</a>. </p><p>In the mid-1980s he left the IRA and subsequently voluntarily surrendered to British prosecution for actions he had engaged in as an IRA gunman in the 1970s. Following his release from imprisonment, he published a memoir detailing his life in <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Republican">Irish Republican</a> paramilitarism entitled <i>The Informer: The True Life Story of One Man's War on Terrorism</i> (1998). </p><p>Former Irish <a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Garret_FitzGerald" title="Garret FitzGerald">Garret FitzGerald</a> described O'Callaghan as one of the Irish Government's most important spies operating within the Provisional IRA during the late 20th century's <a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_O%27Callaghan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O'Callaghan was born on 26 January 1954, into a family with a <a href="/wiki/Fenian" title="Fenian">Fenian</a> paramilitary history, in <a href="/wiki/Tralee" title="Tralee">Tralee</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Kerry" title="County Kerry">County Kerry</a>. His paternal grandfather had taken the Anti-<a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Treaty" title="Anglo-Irish Treaty">Treaty</a> side during the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Civil_War" title="Irish Civil War">Irish Civil War</a>, and his father had been interned by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Irish Government</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Curragh_Camp" title="Curragh Camp">Curragh Camp</a> in <a href="/wiki/County_Kildare" title="County Kildare">County Kildare</a> for <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Army_(1922%E2%80%9369)" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Republican Army (1922–69)">IRA</a> activity during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the late 1960s, the teenaged O'Callaghan had ceased practising the Catholic faith, adopted <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheism</a> and had become interested in the theories of <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a> revolutionary politics, which found an outlet of practical expression in the sectarian social unrest in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> at that time, centred on the activities of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Civil_Rights_Association" title="Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association">Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association</a>. In 1969, an outbreak of <a href="/wiki/1969_Northern_Ireland_riots" title="1969 Northern Ireland riots">communal violence</a> broke out in Northern Ireland and believing that <a href="/wiki/British_imperialism" class="mw-redirect" title="British imperialism">British imperialism</a> was responsible, O'Callaghan joined the newly founded <a href="/wiki/Provisional_IRA" class="mw-redirect" title="Provisional IRA">Provisional IRA</a> at the age of 17. </p><p>Soon afterwards, he was arrested by local <a href="/wiki/Garda%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Gardaí">Gardaí</a> after he accidentally detonated a small amount of explosives, which caused damage to the homes of his parents and their neighbours.<sup id="cite_ref-smearing_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smearing-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After demanding, and receiving, treatment as a political prisoner, O'Callaghan quietly served his sentence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_activity">Provisional Irish Republican Army activity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_O%27Callaghan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Provisional Irish Republican Army activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After becoming a full-time paramilitary with the IRA, in the early to mid 1970s O'Callaghan took part in over seventy operations associated with <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Republican">Irish Republican</a> political violence including bomb materials manufacture, attacks on IRA targets in Northern Ireland, and robberies to provide funding for the organisation.<sup id="cite_ref-obit_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On 2 May 1974 he was part of an attack by an IRA force on a <a href="/wiki/6th_Battalion,_Ulster_Defence_Regiment" title="6th Battalion, Ulster Defence Regiment">6th Battalion, Ulster Defence Regiment</a> (UDR) base at the village of <a href="/wiki/Clogher" title="Clogher">Clogher</a> in <a href="/wiki/County_Tyrone" title="County Tyrone">County Tyrone</a>, with sustained automatic-rifle fire, <a href="/wiki/RPG-7" title="RPG-7">anti-tank rockets</a>, and rounds fired from an improvised mortar which was operated by O'Callaghan.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> During this attack a female UDR recruit was killed.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On 23 August 1974 O'Callaghan killed Detective Inspector Peter Augustine Flanagan, a 47-year-old Catholic police officer and head of the Omagh Division of the <a href="/wiki/RUC_Special_Branch" title="RUC Special Branch">Royal Ulster Constabulary's Special Branch</a>, by shooting him repeatedly with a handgun in a two-man IRA attack in a public house in the town of <a href="/wiki/Omagh" title="Omagh">Omagh</a> in County Tyrone.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Irish_Government_agent_within_the_IRA">Irish Government agent within the IRA</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_O%27Callaghan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Irish Government agent within the IRA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1976, aged 22, O'Callaghan ended his involvement with the IRA after becoming disillusioned with its activities. He later recalled that his disenchantment with the IRA began when one of his compatriots openly hoped that a female police officer who had been blown up by an IRA bomb had been pregnant so they could get "two for the price of one."<sup id="cite_ref-Whitey_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitey-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He was also concerned with what he perceived was an undercurrent of <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_hatred" title="Ethnic hatred">ethnic hatred</a> in its rank and file towards the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Scots_people" title="Ulster Scots people">Ulster Scots</a> population. He left Ireland and moved to London. In May 1978, he married a Scottish woman of Protestant <a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Scotland" title="Unionism in Scotland">unionist</a> descent.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> During the late 1970s, he ran a successful mobile cleaning business.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> However, he was unable to fully settle in his new life, later recalling: "In truth there seemed to be no escaping from Ireland. At the strangest of times I would find myself reliving the events of my years in the IRA. As the years went on, I came to believe that the Provisional IRA was the greatest enemy of democracy and decency in Ireland".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1979 O'Callaghan was approached by the IRA seeking to recruit him again for its paramilitary campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In response, he decided to <a href="/wiki/Turncoat" title="Turncoat">turncoat</a> against the organisation and become an agent within its ranks for the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Irish Government</a>. In his memoir, O'Callaghan described his reasoning as follows: </p> <blockquote><p>I had been brought up to believe that you had to take responsibility for your own actions. If you did something wrong then you made amends. I came to believe that individuals taking responsibility for their own actions is the basis for civilisation, without that safety net we have nothing.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>O'Callaghan later told authors <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Cullen" title="Kevin Cullen">Kevin Cullen</a> and Shelley Murphey that he decided to become a double agent even though he knew that even those who hated the IRA as much as he now did have a low opinion of informers; as he put it, "there is nothing worse in Ireland than being an informer." However, he felt it was the only way to stop the IRA from luring teenagers into their ranks and training them to kill.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitey_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitey-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Soon after being approached by the IRA to re-join he returned to <a href="/wiki/Tralee" title="Tralee">Tralee</a> from London, where he arranged a clandestine meeting with an officer of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Detective_Unit" title="Special Detective Unit">Garda Special Branch</a> in a local cemetery, at which O'Callaghan expressed his willingness to work with it to subvert the IRA from within. At this point, O'Callaghan was still opposed to working with the <a href="/wiki/British_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="British Government">British Government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A few weeks later, O'Callaghan made contact with Kerry IRA leader <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ferris" title="Martin Ferris">Martin Ferris</a> and attended his first IRA meeting since 1975. Immediately afterwards, he telephoned his Garda contact and said, "We're in".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> According to O'Callaghan, "Over the next few months plans to carry out various armed robberies were put together by the local IRA. It was relatively easy for me to foil these attempts; an occasional Garda car or roadblock at the 'wrong time'; the routine arrest of Ferris or myself; or simple 'bad planning', such as a car arriving late – a whole series of random stratagems".<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/1981_Irish_hunger_strike" title="1981 Irish hunger strike">1981 hunger strike</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Maze_Prison" class="mw-redirect" title="Maze Prison">Maze Prison</a>, he attempted to start his own hunger strike in support of the Maze prisoners but was told to desist by the IRA for fear it would detract focus from the prisoners. O'Callaghan successfully sabotaged the efforts of republicans in Kerry from staging hunger strikes of their own.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1984 he notified the Garda of an attempt to smuggle seven tons of <a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a> assault rifles from the United States to Ireland aboard a fishing trawler named <i>Valhalla.</i> The guns were intended for the arsenal of the Provisional IRA's units.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> The shipment had been organised by the <a href="/wiki/Winter_Hill_Gang" title="Winter Hill Gang">Winter Hill Gang</a>, an Irish-American <a href="/wiki/Crime_family" title="Crime family">crime family</a> of <a href="/wiki/South_Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="South Boston, Massachusetts">South Boston, Massachusetts</a>. As a result of O'Callaghan's warning, a combined force of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Navy">Irish Navy</a> and Gardaí intercepted the boat that received the weaponry, and the guns were seized.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Whitey_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitey-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The seizure marked the complete end of any major attempt by the IRA to smuggle guns out of the United States, which ended three years earlier with the arrest of the primary IRA's gunrunner <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison_(Irish_Republican)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Harrison (Irish Republican)">George Harrison</a> by the American <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> (FBI).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>O'Callaghan claimed to have been tasked in 1983 by the IRA with placing 25<a href="/wiki/Pound_(mass)" title="Pound (mass)">lb</a> of <a href="/wiki/Frangex" class="mw-redirect" title="Frangex">Frangex</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Dominion_Theatre" title="Dominion Theatre">Dominion Theatre</a> in London,<sup id="cite_ref-DM1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DM1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> to try to kill <a href="/wiki/Charles,_Prince_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles, Prince of Wales">Prince Charles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Diana, Princess of Wales">Princess Diana</a> who were due to attend a charity pop music concert there.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A warning was phoned into the Garda, and the Royal couple were hurriedly ushered from the theatre by their police bodyguard during the concert. The theatre had been searched before the concert and a second search following the warning revealed no device.<sup id="cite_ref-DM1_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DM1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1985, O'Callaghan was elected as a <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> councillor for Tralee Urban District Council, and unsuccessfully contested a seat on <a href="/wiki/Kerry_County_Council" title="Kerry County Council">Kerry County Council</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Imprisonment">Imprisonment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_O%27Callaghan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Imprisonment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After becoming disillusioned with his work with the Irish Government after the murder of another of its agents within the IRA (Sean Corcoran in <a href="/wiki/County_Kerry" title="County Kerry">County Kerry</a> in 1985), which it had failed to prevent despite O'Callaghan's warnings of the threat to him, and sensing a growing threat to himself from the organisation which had become suspicious of his own behaviour, O'Callaghan withdrew from the IRA and left Ireland to live in England, taking his wife and children with him. His marriage ended in a divorce in 1987,<sup id="cite_ref-obit_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and on 29 November 1988 he walked into a police station in <a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunbridge Wells">Tunbridge Wells</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kent,_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Kent, England">Kent, England</a>, where, presenting himself to the officer on duty at the desk he confessed to the murder of <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Defence_Regiment" title="Ulster Defence Regiment">UDR</a> Greenfinch (female member) Eva Martin and the murder of D.I. Peter Flanagan during the mid-1970s, and voluntarily surrendered to British prosecution.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the Royal Ulster Constabulary offered him <a href="/wiki/Witness_protection" title="Witness protection">witness protection</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Supergrass_(informer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supergrass (informer)">informer</a> policy, O'Callaghan refused it,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> and was prosecuted under charges of two murders and 40 other crimes, to all of which he pled guilty, committed in British jurisdiction with the IRA. Having been found guilty he was jailed for a total of 539 years.<sup id="cite_ref-obit_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> O'Callaghan served his sentence in prisons in Northern Ireland and England. While in jail, he published his story in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sunday Times (UK)">The Sunday Times</a></i>. He was released after being granted the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Prerogative_of_Mercy" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Prerogative of Mercy">Royal Prerogative of Mercy</a> by Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> in 1996. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-IRA_life">Post-IRA life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_O%27Callaghan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Post-IRA life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1998 O'Callaghan published an autobiographical account of his experiences in Irish Republican paramilitarism, entitled <i>The Informer: The True Life Story of One Man's War on Terrorism</i> (1998). In the book's text he stated (shortly before the death of <a href="/wiki/Eamon_Collins" title="Eamon Collins">Eamon Collins</a>, another former IRA member who had prominently turned upon the organisation): </p> <blockquote><p>I know that the organisation led by <a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Gerry Adams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Martin_McGuinness" title="Martin McGuinness">Martin McGuinness</a> would like to murder me. I know that that organisation will go on murdering other people until they are finally defeated. It is my belief that in spite of IRA/Sinn Féin's strategic cunning, and no matter how many people they kill, the people of the Irish Republic expect, because they have been told so by <a href="/wiki/John_Hume" title="John Hume">John Hume</a>, that there will be peace. There may come a time when their patience runs out. If that were to happen there would be no place for IRA/Sinn Féin to hide. We must work tirelessly to bring that day forward.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In 2002 he was admitted to The Nightingale Hospital, Marylebone, an addiction and rehab center where he underwent a rehabilitation program for alcohol dependency. His identity and past activities were not revealed to the other patients. O'Callaghan lived relatively openly in London for the rest of his life, having refused to adopt a new identity. He was befriended in the city by the Irish writer <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Dudley_Edwards" title="Ruth Dudley Edwards">Ruth Dudley Edwards</a>, and worked as a security consultant, and also occasional advisor to the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> on how to handle <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republicanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Republicanism">Irish Republicanism</a> in general, and <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> in particular.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, O'Callaghan appeared in a London court with regard to an aggravated robbery that had occurred in which he was the victim.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015 O'Callaghan published <i>James Connolly: My Search for the Man, the Myth &amp; his Legacy</i> (2015), a book containing a critique of the early 20th century Irish revolutionary <a href="/wiki/James_Connolly" title="James Connolly">James Connolly</a>, and what O'Callaghan considered to be his destructive legacy in Ireland's contemporary politics.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_O%27Callaghan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O'Callaghan died by drowning after suffering a heart attack at the age of 63 while in a swimming pool in <a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Jamaica" title="Kingston, Jamaica">Kingston, Jamaica</a> in August 2017, while visiting his daughter, Tara. His death was reported on 23 August 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A memorial service was held in his memory on 21 March 2018 at <a href="/wiki/St_Martin%27s_in_the_Fields" class="mw-redirect" title="St Martin&#39;s in the Fields">St Martin's in the Fields</a> Church, in London, which was attended by representatives from <a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Ireland" title="Unionism in Ireland">Ulster Unionist</a> parties and the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Government">Irish Government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disputed_claims_of_O'Callaghan's_accounts"><span id="Disputed_claims_of_O.27Callaghan.27s_accounts"></span>Disputed claims of O'Callaghan's accounts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_O%27Callaghan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Disputed claims of O&#039;Callaghan&#039;s accounts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sources in Sinn Féin have publicly denied aspects of the statements made by O'Callaghan with regard to his IRA career, particularly the claim that he had attained the leadership of the IRA's Southern Command, and had been a delegate to the <a href="/wiki/IRA_Army_Council" title="IRA Army Council">IRA Army Council</a>, claims O'Callaghan made both in print and before a Dublin jury under oath. A 1997 article in <i><a href="/wiki/An_Phoblacht" title="An Phoblacht">An Phoblacht</a></i> alleged that O'Callaghan "has been forced to overstate his importance in the IRA, and to make increasingly outlandish accusations against individual republicans".<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>O'Callaghan also claimed to have attended an IRA finance meeting in <a href="/wiki/Letterkenny" title="Letterkenny">Letterkenny</a> in 1980 with, among others, lawyer <a href="/wiki/Pat_Finucane" title="Pat Finucane">Pat Finucane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> politician <a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Gerry Adams</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Following his death at the hands of Loyalist paramilitaries, Finucane's family denied that he had been a member of the IRA, and the organisation did not claim or memorialise him as a member after the event. The RUC and the <a href="/wiki/Stevens_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Stevens Report">Stevens Report</a> indicated that, to their knowledge he was not believed to have been an IRA member, although he came from an Irish Republican background and three of his brothers (Dermot, John, and Seamus) had been involved in paramilitarism.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Adams repeatedly stated that, although associated closely with Irish Republican politics, he had never been a member of the IRA.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>While O'Callaghan claimed to have quit being an informant after being disillusioned by the murder of Sean Corcoran, there remains suspicion that O'Callaghan may have been the perpetrator of Corcoran's death. O'Callaghan once claimed that the IRA had ordered him to kill Corcoran and that he did so to protect his cover, but he later repudiated this claim, stating he had only admitted to the murder to trigger a police investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_O%27Callaghan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFO&#39;Callaghan1998" class="citation book cs1"><i>The Informer</i>. Bantam Press. 1998. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0593042854" title="Special:BookSources/978-0593042854"><bdi>978-0593042854</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Informer&amp;rft.pub=Bantam+Press&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.isbn=978-0593042854&amp;rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&amp;rft.aufirst=Sean&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO&#39;Callaghan2015" class="citation book cs1"><i>James Connolly: My Search for the Man, the Myth &amp; his Legacy</i>. Century. 2015. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1780894348" title="Special:BookSources/978-1780894348"><bdi>978-1780894348</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=James+Connolly%3A+My+Search+for+the+Man%2C+the+Myth+%26+his+Legacy&amp;rft.pub=Century&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.isbn=978-1780894348&amp;rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&amp;rft.aufirst=Sean&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_O%27Callaghan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">“Sean O’Callaghan: Former Provisional IRA commander and informer“, <i>The Irish Times</i> (2 September 2017), www.google.com/amp/s/www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/people/sean-o-callaghan-former-provisional-ira-commander-and-informer-1.3205149%3fmode=amp. Retrieved 4 February 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/people/sean-o-callaghan-former-provisional-ira-commander-and-informer-1.3205149">"Sean O'Callaghan: Former Provisional IRA Commander &amp; Informer (obituary)"</a>. <i>Irish Times</i>. 2 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Irish+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Sean+O%27Callaghan%3A+Former+Provisional+IRA+Commander+%26+Informer+%28obituary%29&amp;rft.date=2017-09-02&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Flife-and-style%2Fpeople%2Fsean-o-callaghan-former-provisional-ira-commander-and-informer-1.3205149&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998), pages 8-9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-smearing-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-smearing_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarnden1997" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Toby_Harnden" title="Toby Harnden">Harnden, Toby</a> (15 February 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/15th-february-1997/16/the-smearing-by-the-green">"The smearing by the green"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spectator" title="The Spectator">The Spectator</a></i>. p.&#160;16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Spectator&amp;rft.atitle=The+smearing+by+the+green&amp;rft.pages=16&amp;rft.date=1997-02-15&amp;rft.aulast=Harnden&amp;rft.aufirst=Toby&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.spectator.co.uk%2Farticle%2F15th-february-1997%2F16%2Fthe-smearing-by-the-green&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-obit-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-obit_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-obit_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-obit_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/sean-o-callaghan-ira-defector-a7916436.html">Sean O’Callaghan, high-ranking IRA bomb maker turned informant</a>, 'The Independent' 28 August 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'The Royal Irish - The Irish Soldier in Service to the Crown' website. Account of the attack on the UDR Clogher base on 2 May 1974. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.royal-irish.com/events/first-female-soldier-udr-pte-eva-martin-killed-ira-clogher">https://www.royal-irish.com/events/first-female-soldier-udr-pte-eva-martin-killed-ira-clogher</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'James Connolly, My Search for the Man, the Myth and his Legacy', by S. O'Callaghan (Pub. Century, 2015), pp. 226–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan, Sean (1999). <i>The Informer</i>. London: Corgi Books. pp. 95–99; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-552-14607-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-552-14607-2">0-552-14607-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Photo of Peter Flanagan, Victor Patterson website (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://victorpatterson.photoshelter.com/image/I0000rCF7LUZXkrE">https://victorpatterson.photoshelter.com/image/I0000rCF7LUZXkrE</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan, pp. 103–13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitey-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Whitey_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whitey_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whitey_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKevin_CullenShelley_Murphy2016" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Cullen" title="Kevin Cullen">Kevin Cullen</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shelley_Murphy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Shelley Murphy (page does not exist)">Shelley Murphy</a> (2016). <i>Whitey Bulger: America's Most Wanted Gangster and the Manhunt That Brought Him to Justice</i>. <a href="/wiki/W._W._Norton" class="mw-redirect" title="W. W. Norton">W. W. Norton</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780393087727" title="Special:BookSources/9780393087727"><bdi>9780393087727</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Whitey+Bulger%3A+America%27s+Most+Wanted+Gangster+and+the+Manhunt+That+Brought+Him+to+Justice&amp;rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton&amp;rft.date=2016&amp;rft.isbn=9780393087727&amp;rft.au=Kevin+Cullen&amp;rft.au=Shelley+Murphy&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998), pp. 87–89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998), pp. 88–89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998), p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998), p. 89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998), pp. 92–93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998), p. 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998), p. 96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998), pp. 109–12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070503013124/http://ted.examiner.ie/archives/2000/April/19/current/opinionpage_2.htm">The IRA informer who kept Gardaí on track in search for Shergar</a>, <i>Irish Examiner</i>, 20 April 2000.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolland2001" class="citation book cs1">Holland, Jack (1 February 2001). <i>The American Connection, Revised: U.S. Guns, Money, and Influence in Northern Ireland</i>. Roberts Rinehart Publishers. p.&#160;109-111. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9-7815-6833-1843" title="Special:BookSources/9-7815-6833-1843"><bdi>9-7815-6833-1843</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+American+Connection%2C+Revised%3A+U.S.+Guns%2C+Money%2C+and+Influence+in+Northern+Ireland&amp;rft.pages=109-111&amp;rft.pub=Roberts+Rinehart+Publishers&amp;rft.date=2001-02-01&amp;rft.isbn=9-7815-6833-1843&amp;rft.aulast=Holland&amp;rft.aufirst=Jack&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DM1-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DM1_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DM1_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Whitaker, James, "John and Norma aghast at wedding", <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror" title="Daily Mirror">Daily Mirror</a></i>, 23 May 1998</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan, p. 197</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan, pp. 307–09.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Callaghan (1998), p. 316.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/local/ex_informer_defends_ruc_against_critics_1_1842337">"Ex-informer defends RUC against critics"</a>. <i>Newsletter</i>. Belfast. 25 January 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Newsletter&amp;rft.atitle=Ex-informer+defends+RUC+against+critics&amp;rft.date=2007-01-25&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsletter.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fex_informer_defends_ruc_against_critics_1_1842337&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDudley-Edwards2006" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Dudley_Edwards" title="Ruth Dudley Edwards">Dudley-Edwards, Ruth</a> (27 August 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/revealed-the-naked-truth-about-me-the-ira-whistleblower-and-the-gay-bondage-orgy--26415826.html">"Revealed, the naked truth about me, the IRA whistle-blower &amp; the gay bondage orgy"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. Eire.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Independent&amp;rft.atitle=Revealed%2C+the+naked+truth+about+me%2C+the+IRA+whistle-blower+%26+the+gay+bondage+orgy&amp;rft.date=2006-08-27&amp;rft.aulast=Dudley-Edwards&amp;rft.aufirst=Ruth&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.ie%2Firish-news%2Frevealed-the-naked-truth-about-me-the-ira-whistleblower-and-the-gay-bondage-orgy--26415826.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/sean-o-callaghan-how-i-lost-my-faith-in-james-connolly-1.2443428">"Sean O'Callaghan, how I lost my faith in James Connolly"</a>. <i>Irish Times</i>. 25 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Irish+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Sean+O%27Callaghan%2C+how+I+lost+my+faith+in+James+Connolly&amp;rft.date=2015-11-25&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fculture%2Fbooks%2Fsean-o-callaghan-how-i-lost-my-faith-in-james-connolly-1.2443428&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/ira-informer-and-author-sean-ocallaghan-dies-aged-62-36064774.html">"IRA informer and author Sean O'Callaghan dies aged 62"</a>. <i>Irish Independent</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Irish+Independent&amp;rft.atitle=IRA+informer+and+author+Sean+O%27Callaghan+dies+aged+62&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.ie%2Firish-news%2Fira-informer-and-author-sean-ocallaghan-dies-aged-62-36064774.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/son-pleased-at-recognition-of-o-callaghan-role-in-fighting-terror-1-8426290">"Son pleased at recognition of O'Callaghan for fighting terror"</a>. <i>News Letter</i>. Belfast. 22 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=News+Letter&amp;rft.atitle=Son+pleased+at+recognition+of+O%27Callaghan+for+fighting+terror&amp;rft.date=2018-03-22&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsletter.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fson-pleased-at-recognition-of-o-callaghan-role-in-fighting-terror-1-8426290&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://republican-news.org/archive/1997/March06/06tout.html">"O'Callaghan - the truth"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/An_Phoblacht" title="An Phoblacht">An Phoblacht</a></i>. 27 February 1997<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=An+Phoblacht&amp;rft.atitle=O%27Callaghan+-+the+truth&amp;rft.date=1997-02-27&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frepublican-news.org%2Farchive%2F1997%2FMarch06%2F06tout.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080416033643/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fopinion%2F2003%2F04%2F18%2Fdo1801.xml&amp;sSheet=%2Fopinion%2F2003%2F04%2F18%2Fixop.html">"Opinion"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Telegraph" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Telegraph">Daily Telegraph</a></i>. 18 April 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=/opinion/2003/04/18/do1801.xml&amp;sSheet=/opinion/2003/04/18/ixop.html">the original</a> on 16 April 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Daily+Telegraph&amp;rft.atitle=Opinion&amp;rft.date=2003-04-18&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fopinion%2Fmain.jhtml%3Fxml%3D%2Fopinion%2F2003%2F04%2F18%2Fdo1801.xml%26sSheet%3D%2Fopinion%2F2003%2F04%2F18%2Fixop.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/21st-october-2000/20/the-terrorists-brief">"The Terrorist's Brief"</a>. <i>The Spectator</i>. 21 October 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Spectator&amp;rft.atitle=The+Terrorist%27s+Brief&amp;rft.date=2000-10-21&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.spectator.co.uk%2Farticle%2F21st-october-2000%2F20%2Fthe-terrorists-brief&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOwen_Bowcott2010" class="citation web cs1">Owen Bowcott (13 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/dec/13/wikileaks-legacy-distrust-finucane-killing">"Wikileaks cable describes legacy of distrust left by Finucane killing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&amp;rft.atitle=Wikileaks+cable+describes+legacy+of+distrust+left+by+Finucane+killing&amp;rft.date=2010-12-13&amp;rft.au=Owen+Bowcott&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2010%2Fdec%2F13%2Fwikileaks-legacy-distrust-finucane-killing&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/2288775.stm">"Adams denies IRA book allegations"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 22 September 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=Adams+denies+IRA+book+allegations&amp;rft.date=2002-09-22&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fuk_news%2Fnorthern_ireland%2F2288775.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVincent_Browne1997" class="citation cs2">Vincent Browne (8 January 1997), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/murderer-served-ira-and-garda-but-mostly-himself-1.19950">"Murderer served IRA and Garda but mostly himself"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_Times" title="The Irish Times">The Irish Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Murderer+served+IRA+and+Garda+but+mostly+himself&amp;rft.date=1997-01-08&amp;rft.au=Vincent+Browne&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fopinion%2Fmurderer-served-ira-and-garda-but-mostly-himself-1.19950&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarrison_Smith2017" class="citation cs2">Harrison Smith (25 August 2017), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/sean-ocallaghan-ira-assassin-turned-informant-dies-at-62/2017/08/25/32f3dc06-88da-11e7-a94f-3139abce39f5_story.html">"Sean O'Callaghan, IRA assassin turned informant, dies at 62"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&amp;rft.atitle=Sean+O%27Callaghan%2C+IRA+assassin+turned+informant%2C+dies+at+62&amp;rft.date=2017-08-25&amp;rft.au=Harrison+Smith&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fobituaries%2Fsean-ocallaghan-ira-assassin-turned-informant-dies-at-62%2F2017%2F08%2F25%2F32f3dc06-88da-11e7-a94f-3139abce39f5_story.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASean+O%27Callaghan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sean_O%27Callaghan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Howard_(journalist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Howard (journalist)">Howard, Paul</a> <i>Hostage: Notorious Irish Kidnappings</i>, O'Brien Press (24 May 2004), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0862787691" title="Special:BookSources/978-0862787691">978-0862787691</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041229235129/http://archives.tcm.ie/businesspost/2004/06/13/story817666269.asp">The Sunday Business Post</a></li> <li>O'Callaghan, Sean <i>The Informer</i>, Corgi Books (1999); <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-552-14607-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-552-14607-2">0-552-14607-2</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:PIRA" title="Special:EditPage/Template:PIRA"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Provisional Irish Republican Army</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Army_(1922%E2%80%931969)" title="Irish Republican Army (1922–1969)">Anti-Treaty IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_News" title="Republican News">Republican News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Phoblacht" title="An Phoblacht">An Phoblacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Green_Book_(IRA)" title="The Green Book (IRA)">The Green Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Troubles" title="Timeline of the Troubles">Timeline</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arms_Crisis" title="Arms Crisis">Haughey arms crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_campaign" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army campaign">IRA campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Provisional_IRA_actions" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronology of Provisional IRA actions">Chronology of Provisional IRA actions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_arms_importation" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army arms importation">Arms importation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_weapons_used_by_the_Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="List of weapons used by the Provisional Irish Republican Army">Weaponry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrack_buster" title="Barrack buster">Barrack buster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improvised_tactical_vehicles_of_the_Provisional_IRA" title="Improvised tactical vehicles of the Provisional IRA">Improvised tactical vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountjoy_Prison_helicopter_escape" title="Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape">Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanket_protest" title="Blanket protest">Blanket protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirty_protest" title="Dirty protest">Dirty protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HM_Prison_Maze" title="HM Prison Maze">HM Prison Maze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti_H-Block" title="Anti H-Block">Anti H-Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Irish_hunger_strike" title="1981 Irish hunger strike">1981 Irish hunger strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maze_Prison_escape" title="Maze Prison escape">Maze Prison escape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armalite_and_ballot_box_strategy" title="Armalite and ballot box strategy">Armalite and ballot box strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_punishment_attacks_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Paramilitary punishment attacks in Northern Ireland">Punishment attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disappeared_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Disappeared (Northern Ireland)">Disappeared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithwick_Tribunal" title="Smithwick Tribunal">Smithwick Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Northern Ireland peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Chief of Staff of the Irish Republican Army">Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRA_Army_Council" title="IRA Army Council">IRA Army Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRA_Northern_Command" title="IRA Northern Command">IRA Northern Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRA_Southern_Command" title="IRA Southern Command">IRA Southern Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Unit" title="Internal Security Unit">Internal Security Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_service_unit" title="Active service unit">Active service unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_IRA_Belfast_Brigade" title="Provisional IRA Belfast Brigade">Belfast Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_IRA_Derry_Brigade" title="Provisional IRA Derry Brigade">Derry Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_IRA_South_Armagh_Brigade" title="Provisional IRA South Armagh Brigade">South Armagh Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_IRA_East_Tyrone_Brigade" title="Provisional IRA East Tyrone Brigade">East Tyrone Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balcombe_Street_Gang" class="mw-redirect" title="Balcombe Street Gang">Balcombe Street Gang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_chronologies_of_Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_actions" title="List of chronologies of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions">Actions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_actions_(1970%E2%80%931979)" title="Chronology of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions (1970–1979)">1970–1979</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_St_Matthew%27s" title="Battle of St Matthew&#39;s">Battle of St Matthew's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falls_Curfew" title="Falls Curfew">Falls Curfew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Crossmaglen_bombing" title="1970 Crossmaglen bombing">1970 Crossmaglen bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Scottish_soldiers%27_killings" title="1971 Scottish soldiers&#39; killings">Scottish soldiers' killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Lion_Pub_bombing" title="Red Lion Pub bombing">Red Lion bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Balmoral_Furniture_Company_bombing" title="1971 Balmoral Furniture Company bombing">Balmoral showroom bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abercorn_Restaurant_bombing" title="Abercorn Restaurant bombing">Abercorn bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donegall_Street_bombing" title="Donegall Street bombing">Donegall Street bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_at_Springmartin" title="Battle at Springmartin">Battle at Springmartin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lenadoon" title="Battle of Lenadoon">Battle of Lenadoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Friday_(1972)" title="Bloody Friday (1972)">Bloody Friday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudy_bombing" title="Claudy bombing">Claudy bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newry_customs_bombing" title="Newry customs bombing">Newry customs bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Old_Bailey_bombing" title="1973 Old Bailey bombing">Old Bailey bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_IRA_Honey_Trap_killings" title="Provisional IRA Honey Trap killings">Honey Trap killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombings_of_King%27s_Cross_and_Euston_stations" title="Bombings of King&#39;s Cross and Euston stations">King's Cross &amp; Euston bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Coleraine_bombings" title="1973 Coleraine bombings">Coleraine bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Westminster_bombing" title="1973 Westminster bombing">1973 Westminster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M62_coach_bombing" title="M62 coach bombing">M62 bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_UDR_Clogher_barracks" title="Attack on UDR Clogher barracks">Clogher attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Houses_of_Parliament_bombing" title="1974 Houses of Parliament bombing">Houses of Parliament bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Tower_of_London_bombing" title="1974 Tower of London bombing">Tower of London bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guildford_pub_bombings" title="Guildford pub bombings">Guildford pub bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_School_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Harrow School bombing">Harrow School bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooks%27s_Club_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooks&#39;s Club bombing">Brooks's Club bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolwich_pub_bombing" title="Woolwich pub bombing">Woolwich pub bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_British_Airways_bombing_attempt" title="1974 British Airways bombing attempt">British Airways bombing attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_pub_bombings" title="Birmingham pub bombings">Birmingham pub bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_London_pillar_box_bombings" title="1974 London pillar box bombings">London pillar box bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_Arms_pub_bombing" title="Talbot Arms pub bombing">Talbot Arms bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Bristol_bombing" title="1974 Bristol bombing">Bristol bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_exchange_bombings" class="mw-redirect" title="Telephone exchange bombings">Telephone exchange bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Oxford_Street_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="1974 Oxford Street bombing">1974 Oxford Street bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlton_Tower_and_Portman_Hotel_shootings" title="Carlton Tower and Portman Hotel shootings">Carlton Tower &amp; Portman Hotel shootings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountainview_Tavern_attack" title="Mountainview Tavern attack">Mountainview attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayardo_Bar_attack" title="Bayardo Bar attack">Bayardo Bar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forkhill_land_mine_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Forkhill land mine attack">Forkhill attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caterham_Arms_pub_bombing" title="Caterham Arms pub bombing">Caterham Arms bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullyvallen_massacre" title="Tullyvallen massacre">Tullyvallen massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Hilton_bombing" title="London Hilton bombing">London Hilton bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Piccadilly_bombing" title="1975 Piccadilly bombing">Piccadilly bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trattoria_Fiore_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Trattoria Fiore bombing">Trattoria Fiore bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott%27s_Oyster_Bar_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Scott&#39;s Oyster Bar bombing">Scott's Oyster Bar bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walton%27s_Restaurant_bombing" title="Walton&#39;s Restaurant bombing">Walton's Restaurant bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drummuckavall_ambush" title="Drummuckavall ambush">Drummuckavall ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balcombe_Street_siege" title="Balcombe Street siege">Balcombe Street siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsmill_massacre" title="Kingsmill massacre">Kingsmill massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Ham_station_attack" title="West Ham station attack">West Ham station attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Olympia_bombing" title="1976 Olympia bombing">Olympia bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Store_Bar_shooting" title="The Store Bar shooting">Store bar shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_Inn_attack" title="Stag Inn attack">Stag Inn attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garryhinch_ambush" title="Garryhinch ambush">Garryhinch ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_British_Army_Gazelle_downing" title="1978 British Army Gazelle downing">Jonesborough <i>Gazelle</i> downing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Mon_restaurant_bombing" title="La Mon restaurant bombing">La Mon restaurant bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Crossmaglen_ambush" class="mw-redirect" title="1978 Crossmaglen ambush">Crossmaglen ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrenpoint_ambush" title="Warrenpoint ambush">Warrenpoint ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Brussels_bombing" title="1979 Brussels bombing">Brussels bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungannon_land_mine_attack" title="Dungannon land mine attack">Dungannon attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_actions_(1980%E2%80%931989)" title="Chronology of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions (1980–1989)">1980–1989</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunmurry_train_bombing" title="Dunmurry train bombing">Dunmurry train bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_shipping_in_Lough_Foyle_(1981%E2%80%9382)" title="Attacks on shipping in Lough Foyle (1981–82)">Lough Foyle attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasdrumman_ambush" title="Glasdrumman ambush">Glasdrumman ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessbrook_landmine_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Bessbrook landmine attack">1981 Bessbrook attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Barracks_bombing" title="Chelsea Barracks bombing">Chelsea Barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park_and_Regent%27s_Park_bombings" title="Hyde Park and Regent&#39;s Park bombings">Hyde Park &amp; Regent's Park bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrods_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Harrods bombing">Harrods bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Royal_Artillery_Barracks_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="1983 Royal Artillery Barracks bombing">Royal Artillery Barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_hotel_bombing" title="Brighton hotel bombing">Brighton hotel bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballygawley_land_mine_attack" title="Ballygawley land mine attack">Ballygawley land mine attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Newry_mortar_attack" title="1985 Newry mortar attack">Newry mortar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Ballygawley_barracks" title="Attack on Ballygawley barracks">Ballygawley attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortar_attack_on_Enniskillen_barracks" class="mw-redirect" title="Mortar attack on Enniskillen barracks">Enniskillen mortar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_RUC_Birches_barracks" title="Attack on RUC Birches barracks">RUC Birches barracks attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Rheindahlen_bombing" title="1987 Rheindahlen bombing">Rheindahlen bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loughgall_ambush" title="Loughgall ambush">Loughgall ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Flavius" title="Operation Flavius">Operation Flavius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporals_killings" title="Corporals killings">Corporals killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisburn_van_bombing" title="Lisburn van bombing">Lisburn bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_British_Army_Lynx_shootdown" title="1988 British Army Lynx shootdown">Aughanduff <i>Lynx</i> shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_IRA_attacks_in_the_Netherlands" title="1988 IRA attacks in the Netherlands">1988 Netherlands attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glamorgan_barracks_bombing" title="Glamorgan barracks bombing">Glamorgan barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inglis_Barracks_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Inglis Barracks bombing">Inglis Barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballygawley_bus_bombing" title="Ballygawley bus bombing">Ballygawley bus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Jonesborough_ambush" title="1989 Jonesborough ambush">Jonesborough ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clive_Barracks_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Clive Barracks bombing">Clive Barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deal_barracks_bombing" title="Deal barracks bombing">Deal barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayobridge_landmine_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayobridge landmine attack">Mayobridge attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Derryard_checkpoint" title="Attack on Derryard checkpoint">Derryard attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"> <a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_actions_(1990%E2%80%931991)" title="Chronology of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions (1990–1991)">1990–1991</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_British_Army_Gazelle_shootdown" title="1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown">Derrygorry <i>Gazelle</i> downing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Armagh_Sniper_(1990%E2%80%931997)" title="South Armagh Sniper (1990–1997)">South Armagh sniper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Downpatrick_roadside_bomb" class="mw-redirect" title="1990 Downpatrick roadside bomb">Downpatrick roadside bomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Conservation" title="Operation Conservation">Operation Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Wembley_bombing" title="1990 Wembley bombing">1990 Wembley bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlton_Club_bombing" title="Carlton Club bombing">Carlton Club bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange_bombing" title="London Stock Exchange bombing">London Stock Exchange bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honourable_Artillery_Company_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Honourable Artillery Company bombing">Honourable Artillery Company bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichfield_gun_attack" title="Lichfield gun attack">Lichfield gun attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RFA_Fort_Victoria_bombing" title="RFA Fort Victoria bombing">RFA Fort Victoria bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxy_bomb" title="Proxy bomb">Proxy bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downing_Street_mortar_attack" title="Downing Street mortar attack">Downing Street mortar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombings_of_Paddington_and_Victoria_stations" title="Bombings of Paddington and Victoria stations">Paddington &amp; Victoria station bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullacreevie_ambush" title="Mullacreevie ambush">Mullacreevie ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenanne_barracks_bombing" title="Glenanne barracks bombing">Glenanne barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coagh_ambush" title="Coagh ambush">Coagh ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musgrave_Park_Hospital_bombing" title="Musgrave Park Hospital bombing">Musgrave Park Hospital bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crumlin_Road_Prison_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Crumlin Road Prison bombing">Crumlin Road Prison bombing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army_actions_(1992%E2%80%931999)" title="Chronology of Provisional Irish Republican Army actions (1992–1999)">1992–1997</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teebane_bombing" title="Teebane bombing">Teebane bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clonoe_ambush" title="Clonoe ambush">Clonoe ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_London_Bridge_bombing" title="1992 London Bridge bombing">London Bridge bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Staples_Corner_bombing" title="1992 Staples Corner bombing">Staples Cnr bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Exchange_bombing" title="Baltic Exchange bombing">Baltic Exchange bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sussex_Arms_pub_bombing" title="Sussex Arms pub bombing">Sussex Arms bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Cloghoge_checkpoint" title="Attack on Cloghoge checkpoint">Cloghoge attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Coalisland_riots" title="1992 Coalisland riots">Coalisland riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forensic_Science_Laboratory_bombing" title="Forensic Science Laboratory bombing">Forensic Science Laboratory bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoke_Newington_Road_lorry_bomb" title="Stoke Newington Road lorry bomb">Stoke Newington Road bomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Manchester_bombing" title="1992 Manchester bombing">1992 Manchester bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Long_Knives_(1992)" class="mw-redirect" title="Night of the Long Knives (1992)">Night of the Long Knives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Harrods_bombing" title="1993 Harrods bombing">1993 Harrods bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrington_bombings" title="Warrington bombings">Warrington bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Cullaville" title="Occupation of Cullaville">Cullaville occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Camden_Town_bombing" title="1993 Camden Town bombing">Camden bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Bishopsgate_bombing" title="1993 Bishopsgate bombing">Bishopsgate bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Finchley_Road_bombings" title="1993 Finchley Road bombings">Finchley Road bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Newry_Road" title="Battle of Newry Road">Battle of Newry Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankill_Road_bombing" title="Shankill Road bombing">Shankill Road bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Fivemiletown_ambush" title="1993 Fivemiletown ambush">1993 Fivemiletown ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathrow_mortar_attacks" title="Heathrow mortar attacks">Heathrow attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_British_Army_Lynx_shootdown" title="1994 British Army Lynx shootdown">Crossmaglen <i>Lynx</i> downing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drumcree_conflict" title="Drumcree conflict">Drumcree conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Docklands_bombing" title="1996 Docklands bombing">Docklands bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldwych_bus_bombing" title="Aldwych bus bombing">Aldwych bus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Manchester_bombing" title="1996 Manchester bombing">1996 Manchester bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Hammersmith_Bridge_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Hammersmith Bridge bombing">Hammersmith Bridge bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osnabr%C3%BCck_mortar_attack" title="Osnabrück mortar attack">Osnabrück mortar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiepval_barracks_bombing" title="Thiepval barracks bombing">Thiepval barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Coalisland_attack" title="1997 Coalisland attack">Coalisland attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Northern_Ireland_riots" title="1997 Northern Ireland riots">1997 Northern Ireland riots</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Irish_Republican_Army" title="List of members of the Irish Republican Army">Personalities</a> <br /><small><a href="/wiki/Volunteer_(Irish_republican)" title="Volunteer (Irish republican)">(Volunteers)</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Agnew_(Irish_republican)" title="Paddy Agnew (Irish republican)">Paddy Agnew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martina_Anderson" title="Martina Anderson">Martina Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declan_Arthurs" title="Declan Arthurs">Declan Arthurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Begley" title="Thomas Begley">Thomas Begley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Bell" title="Ivor Bell">Ivor Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Black_(Irish_republican)" title="Patricia Black (Irish republican)">Patricia Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Breslin" title="Charles Breslin">Charles Breslin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Butler_(Irish_republican)" title="Edward Butler (Irish republican)">Edward Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Butler_(politician)" title="Paul Butler (politician)">Paul Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Cahill" title="Joe Cahill">Joe Cahill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liam_Campbell" title="Liam Campbell">Liam Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fergal_Caraher" title="Fergal Caraher">Fergal Caraher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malachy_Carey" title="Malachy Carey">Malachy Carey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Carron" title="Owen Carron">Owen Carron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Casey_(Irish_republican)" title="Gerard Casey (Irish republican)">Gerard Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car%C3%A1l_N%C3%AD_Chuil%C3%ADn" title="Carál Ní Chuilín">Carál Ní Chuilín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Cleary" title="Gabriel Cleary">Gabriel Cleary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Cleary" title="Peter Cleary">Peter Cleary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Coen" title="Kevin Coen">Kevin Coen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eamon_Collins" title="Eamon Collins">Eamon Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Copeland" title="Eddie Copeland">Eddie Copeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Coyle" title="Marion Coyle">Marion Coyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Davison" title="Gerard Davison">Gerard Davison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Devlin_(Irish_republican)" title="Matt Devlin (Irish republican)">Matt Devlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Doherty_(Irish_republican)" title="Hugh Doherty (Irish republican)">Hugh Doherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Doherty" title="Joe Doherty">Joe Doherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kieran_Doherty_(hunger_striker)" title="Kieran Doherty (hunger striker)">Kieran Doherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Doherty_(Irish_republican)" title="Martin Doherty (Irish republican)">Martin Doherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Doherty_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Pat Doherty (Northern Ireland politician)">Pat Doherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Duffy" title="Colin Duffy">Colin Duffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Dugdale" title="Rose Dugdale">Rose Dugdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessie_Ellis" title="Dessie Ellis">Dessie Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mair%C3%A9ad_Farrell" title="Mairéad Farrell">Mairéad Farrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fleming_(Irish_republican)" title="William Fleming (Irish republican)">William Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kieran_Fleming" title="Kieran Fleming">Kieran Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Fox_(Irish_republican)" title="Bernard Fox (Irish republican)">Bernard Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Fusco" title="Angelo Fusco">Angelo Fusco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gaughan_(Irish_republican)" title="Michael Gaughan (Irish republican)">Michael Gaughan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Francis_Green" title="John Francis Green">John Francis Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessie_Grew" title="Dessie Grew">Dessie Grew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison_(Irish_republican)" title="George Harrison (Irish republican)">George Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Hughes" title="Brendan Hughes">Brendan Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Hughes" title="Francis Hughes">Francis Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Hurson" title="Martin Hurson">Martin Hurson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearse_Jordan" title="Pearse Jordan">Pearse Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Keenan_(Irish_republican)" title="Brian Keenan (Irish republican)">Brian Keenan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Kelly" title="Gerry Kelly">Gerry Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kelly_(Sinn_F%C3%A9in_politician)" title="John Kelly (Sinn Féin politician)">John Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Joseph_Kelly" title="Patrick Joseph Kelly">Patrick Joseph Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Kelly_(Irish_republican)" title="Sean Kelly (Irish republican)">Sean Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Lynagh" title="Jim Lynagh">Jim Lynagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proinsias_Mac_Airt" title="Proinsias Mac Airt">Proinsias Mac Airt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breand%C3%A1n_Mac_Cionnaith" title="Breandán Mac Cionnaith">Breandán Mac Cionnaith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Mac_Giolla_Bhrighde" title="Antoine Mac Giolla Bhrighde">Antoine Mac Giolla Bhrighde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_MacManus" title="Joseph MacManus">Joseph MacManus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Mac_St%C3%ADof%C3%A1in" title="Seán Mac Stíofáin">Seán Mac Stíofáin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Magee_(Irish_republican)" title="Patrick Magee (Irish republican)">Patrick Magee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Magee" title="Paul Magee">Paul Magee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Maguire" title="Donna Maguire">Donna Maguire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Marley" title="Larry Marley">Larry Marley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Marlowe_(Irish_republican)" title="Paul Marlowe (Irish republican)">Paul Marlowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Martin_(Irish_republican)" title="Leo Martin (Irish republican)">Leo Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Maskey" title="Alex Maskey">Alex Maskey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearse_McAuley" title="Pearse McAuley">Pearse McAuley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_McCann" title="Daniel McCann">Daniel McCann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fra_McCann" title="Fra McCann">Fra McCann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_McCann" title="Jennifer McCann">Jennifer McCann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_McCartney" title="Raymond McCartney">Raymond McCartney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_McCaughey" title="Martin McCaughey">Martin McCaughey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_McCreesh" title="Raymond McCreesh">Raymond McCreesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_McDonnell_(hunger_striker)" title="Joe McDonnell (hunger striker)">Joe McDonnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9amus_McElwaine" class="mw-redirect" title="Séamus McElwaine">Séamus McElwaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McElwee" title="Thomas McElwee">Thomas McElwee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendan_McFarlane" title="Brendan McFarlane">Brendan McFarlane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_McFeely" title="Tom McFeely">Tom McFeely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_McGeough" title="Gerry McGeough">Gerry McGeough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_McGeown" title="Pat McGeown">Pat McGeown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joe_McGirl" title="John Joe McGirl">John Joe McGirl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_McGuinness" title="Martin McGuinness">Martin McGuinness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1draig_McKearney" title="Pádraig McKearney">Pádraig McKearney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_McKearney" title="Tommy McKearney">Tommy McKearney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_McKee" title="Billy McKee">Billy McKee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_McKenna_(Irish_republican)" title="Kevin McKenna (Irish republican)">Kevin McKenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_McKeown" title="Laurence McKeown">Laurence McKeown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_McKevitt" title="Michael McKevitt">Michael McKevitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McMahon_(Irish_republican)" title="Thomas McMahon (Irish republican)">Thomas McMahon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_McMullan" title="Jackie McMullan">Jackie McMullan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Meehan_(Irish_republican)" title="Martin Meehan (Irish republican)">Martin Meehan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Milne" title="Ian Milne">Ian Milne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Morgan_(Irish_politician)" title="Arthur Morgan (Irish politician)">Arthur Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Morrison_(Irish_republican)" title="Danny Morrison (Irish republican)">Danny Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conor_Murphy" title="Conor Murphy">Conor Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Murphy_(Irish_republican)" title="Thomas Murphy (Irish republican)">Thomas "Slab" Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kieran_Nugent" title="Kieran Nugent">Kieran Nugent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruair%C3%AD_%C3%93_Br%C3%A1daigh" title="Ruairí Ó Brádaigh">Ruairí Ó Brádaigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_O%27Brien_(Irish_republican)" title="Edward O&#39;Brien (Irish republican)">Ed O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1ith%C3%AD_%C3%93_Conaill" title="Dáithí Ó Conaill">Dáithí Ó Conaill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89amonn_O%27Doherty_(Irish_republican)" title="Éamonn O&#39;Doherty (Irish republican)">Éamonn O'Doherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_B._O%27Hagan" title="Joe B. O&#39;Hagan">Joe B. O'Hagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siobh%C3%A1n_O%27Hanlon" title="Siobhán O&#39;Hanlon">Siobhán O'Hanlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_O%27Hare" title="Rita O&#39;Hare">Rita O'Hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diarmuid_O%27Neill" title="Diarmuid O&#39;Neill">Diarmuid O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolours_Price" title="Dolours Price">Dolours Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Price" title="Marian Price">Marian Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liam_Quinn" title="Liam Quinn">Liam Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Quinn_(Irish_republican)" title="Paddy Quinn (Irish republican)">Paddy Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Reid_(Irish_republican)" title="Billy Reid (Irish republican)">Billy Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Sands" title="Bobby Sands">Bobby Sands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Savage" title="Seán Savage">Seán Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Sheehan_(Irish_republican)" title="Pat Sheehan (Irish republican)">Pat Sheehan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Stagg_(Irish_republican)" title="Frank Stagg (Irish republican)">Frank Stagg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Steele_(Irish_republican)" title="Jimmy Steele (Irish republican)">Jimmy Steele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Storey" title="Bobby Storey">Bobby Storey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Tuite" title="Gerard Tuite">Gerard Tuite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Twomey" title="Seamus Twomey">Seamus Twomey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Walsh" title="Roy Walsh">Roy Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9anna_Walsh" title="Séanna Walsh">Séanna Walsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Espionage and<br /><a href="/wiki/Supergrass_(informant)" title="Supergrass (informant)">Supergrasses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eamon_Collins" title="Eamon Collins">Eamon Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Donaldson" title="Denis Donaldson">Denis Donaldson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fenton" title="Joseph Fenton">Joseph Fenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Fulton" title="Kevin Fulton">Kevin Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Gilmour" title="Raymond Gilmour">Raymond Gilmour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_McGartland" title="Martin McGartland">Martin McGartland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sean O'Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddie_Scappaticci" title="Freddie Scappaticci">Freddie Scappaticci</a> <small>(allegedly "<a href="/wiki/Stakeknife" class="mw-redirect" title="Stakeknife">Stakeknife</a>")</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cumann_na_mBan" title="Cumann na mBan">Cumann na mBan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fianna_%C3%89ireann" title="Fianna Éireann">Fianna Éireann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Armagh_Republican_Action_Force" title="South Armagh Republican Action Force">South Armagh Republican Action Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Against_Drugs" title="Direct Action Against Drugs">Direct Action Against Drugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NORAID" title="NORAID">NORAID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clan_na_Gael" title="Clan na Gael">Clan na Gael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troops_Out_Movement" title="Troops Out Movement">Troops Out Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continuity_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Continuity Irish Republican Army">Continuity Irish Republican Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Real Irish Republican Army">Real Irish Republican Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prominent<br />killings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeffery_Agate" title="Jeffery Agate">Jeffery Stanford Agate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tim_Parry_Johnathan_Ball_Foundation_for_Peace" title="The Tim Parry Johnathan Ball Foundation for Peace">Johnathan Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Berry" title="Anthony Berry">Anthony Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bradford_(Northern_Irish_politician)" title="Robert Bradford (Northern Irish politician)">Robert Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bratty" title="Joe Bratty">Joe Bratty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Matthew_Burns" title="Murder of Matthew Burns">Matthew Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Cahill" title="Martin Cahill">Martin Cahill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eamon_Collins" title="Eamon Collins">Eamon Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Elder" title="Raymond Elder">Raymond Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Evans" title="Gerard Evans">Gerard Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Ewart-Biggs" title="Christopher Ewart-Biggs">Christopher Ewart-Biggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fenton" title="Joseph Fenton">Joseph Fenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Fox_(politician)" title="Billy Fox (politician)">Billy Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Gibson" title="Maurice Gibson">Maurice Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Gow" title="Ian Gow">Ian Gow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Heidi_Hazell" title="Killing of Heidi Hazell">Heidi Hazell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Kaberry,_Baron_Kaberry_of_Adel" title="Donald Kaberry, Baron Kaberry of Adel">Donald Kaberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Andrew_Kearney" title="Murder of Andrew Kearney">Andrew Kearney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doreen_Knatchbull,_Baroness_Brabourne" title="Doreen Knatchbull, Baroness Brabourne">Baroness Brabourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Marchant_(loyalist)" title="William Marchant (loyalist)">William "Frenchie" Marchant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_McBirney" title="Martin McBirney">Martin McBirney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Jerry_McCabe" title="Killing of Jerry McCabe">Jerry McCabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_McConnell_(loyalist)" title="Robert McConnell (loyalist)">Robert McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Jean_McConville" title="Murder of Jean McConville">Jean McConville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columba_McVeigh" title="Columba McVeigh">Columba McVeigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_McWhirter" title="Ross McWhirter">Ross McWhirter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killings_of_Nick_Spanos_and_Stephen_Melrose" title="Killings of Nick Spanos and Stephen Melrose">Stephen Melrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Mountbatten" title="Lord Mountbatten">Lord Mountbatten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenny_Murphy" title="Lenny Murphy">Lenny Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nairac" title="Robert Nairac">Robert Nairac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Thomas_Oliver" title="Murder of Thomas Oliver">Thomas Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tim_Parry_Johnathan_Ball_Foundation_for_Peace" title="The Tim Parry Johnathan Ball Foundation for Peace">Tim Parry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Paul_Quinn" title="Murder of Paul Quinn">Paul Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Seymour_(loyalist)" title="Robert Seymour (loyalist)">Robert Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Robert_McCartney" title="Murder of Robert McCartney">Robert McCartney</a> <small>(allegedly)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Joseph_Rafferty" title="Murder of Joseph Rafferty">Joseph Rafferty</a> <small>(allegedly)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Smallwoods" title="Ray Smallwoods">Ray Smallwoods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Smyth_(loyalist)" title="Sammy Smyth (loyalist)">Sammy Smyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killings_of_Nick_Spanos_and_Stephen_Melrose" title="Killings of Nick Spanos and Stephen Melrose">Nick Spanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stronge_(Mid-Armagh_MP)" title="James Stronge (Mid-Armagh MP)">James Stronge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Stronge" title="Norman Stronge">Norman Stronge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Sykes_(diplomat)" title="Richard Sykes (diplomat)">Richard Sykes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Stephen_Tibble" title="Murder of Stephen Tibble">Stephen Tibble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Ward" title="Sammy Ward">Sammy Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Willetts" title="Michael Willetts">Michael Willetts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000084028262">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/96709222">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/444656/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n00024459">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007272218405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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