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Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%9E_%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Выбары ў Эстоніі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Выбары ў Эстоніі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Избори в Естония – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Избори в Естония" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volby_v_Estonsku" title="Volby v Estonsku – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Volby v Estonsku" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eesti_valimised" title="Eesti valimised – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eesti valimised" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%95%CF%83%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Εκλογές στην Εσθονία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εκλογές στην Εσθονία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="انتخابات در استونی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انتخابات در استونی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%93l%C4%93%C5%A1anas_Igaunij%C4%81" title="Vēlēšanas Igaunijā – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vēlēšanas Igaunijā" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinkimai_Estijoje" title="Rinkimai Estijoje – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rinkimai Estijoje" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoniyada_saylovlar" title="Estoniyada saylovlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Estoniyada saylovlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wybory_w_Estonii" title="Wybory w Estonii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wybory w Estonii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegeri_%C3%AEn_Estonia" title="Alegeri în Estonia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alegeri în Estonia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Выборы в Эстонии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Выборы в Эстонии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volitve_v_Estoniji" title="Volitve v Estoniji – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Volitve v Estoniji" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97" title="Вибори в Естонії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вибори в Естонії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Estonia" title="Politics of Estonia">Politics of Estonia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg/95px-Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="95" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg/143px-Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg/190px-Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">State</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Estonia" title="Constitution of Estonia">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Estonian Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Estonia" title="Human rights in Estonia">Human rights</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Estonia#Head_of_State" title="Politics of Estonia">Presidency</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Estonia" title="President of Estonia">President</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Alar_Karis" title="Alar Karis">Alar Karis</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Estonia" title="Prime Minister of Estonia">Prime Minister</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Kaja_Kallas" title="Kaja Kallas">Kaja Kallas</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Estonia" title="Government of Estonia">Government of Estonia</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaja_Kallas%27s_third_cabinet" title="Kaja Kallas's third cabinet">Incumbent cabinet</a></li></ul></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Riigikogu" title="Riigikogu">Riigikogu</a> <dl><dd>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Lauri_Hussar" title="Lauri Hussar">Lauri Hussar</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Estonia" title="Supreme Court of Estonia">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Justice_(Estonia)" title="Chancellor of Justice (Estonia)">Chancellor of Justice</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Estonia" title="List of political parties in Estonia">Political parties</a></li> <li>Recent elections <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><i>Riigikogu</i>:</li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2019 Estonian parliamentary election">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2023 Estonian parliamentary election">2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Next_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="Next Estonian parliamentary election"><i>next</i></a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><i>Presidential</i>:</li><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Estonian_presidential_election" title="2016 Estonian presidential election">2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Estonian_presidential_election" title="2021 Estonian presidential election">2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2026_Estonian_presidential_election" title="2026 Estonian presidential election"><i>2026</i></a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><i>Municipal</i>:</li><li><a href="/wiki/2013_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2013 Estonian municipal elections">2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2017 Estonian municipal elections">2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2021 Estonian municipal elections">2021</a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><i>European</i>: <a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Estonia">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Estonia">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Estonia"><i>2024</i></a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Estonia" title="Administrative divisions of Estonia">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Estonia" title="Counties of Estonia">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Estonia" title="Municipalities of Estonia">Municipalities</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Estonia" title="Foreign relations of Estonia">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Estonia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Estonia)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Politics of the European Union">Politics of the European Union</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/16px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/24px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Estonia" title="Portal:Estonia">Estonia portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Estonia" title="Template:Politics of Estonia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Estonia" title="Template talk:Politics of Estonia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Estonia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Estonia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> elects a <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislature</a> on the national level. The <a href="/wiki/Riigikogu" title="Riigikogu">Riigikogu</a> has 101 members, elected for a four-year term by <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> with a 5% <a href="/wiki/Electoral_threshold" title="Electoral threshold">electoral threshold</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> – the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Estonia" title="President of Estonia">president</a> – is elected for a five-year term by parliament (1st–3rd round) or an <a href="/wiki/Electoral_college" title="Electoral college">electoral college</a> (4th and subsequent rounds). Locally, Estonia elects local government councils, which vary in size. Election law states the minimum size of a council depending on the size of <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Estonia" title="Municipalities of Estonia">municipality</a>. Local government councils are elected by proportional representation too. </p> <ul><li>The minimum number of council members is prescribed to be at least 7 seats</li> <li>Over 2,000 inhabitants: at least 13 seats</li> <li>Over 5,000 inhabitants: at least 17 seats</li> <li>Over 10,000 inhabitants: at least 21 seats</li> <li>Over 50,000 inhabitants: at least 31 seats</li> <li>Over 300,000 inhabitants: at least 79 seats</li></ul> <p>Estonia has a <a href="/wiki/Multi-party" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-party">multi-party</a> system with numerous <a href="/wiki/Political_parties" class="mw-redirect" title="Political parties">parties</a>. Often no one party has the chance to gain power alone and parties must work with each other to form <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition governments</a>. </p><p>Direct elections have taken place in the following years: </p> <ul><li>Riigikogu (parliament): <a href="/wiki/1920_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1920 Estonian parliamentary election">1920</a>, <a href="/wiki/1923_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1923 Estonian parliamentary election">1923</a>, <a href="/wiki/1926_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1926 Estonian parliamentary election">1926</a>, <a href="/wiki/1929_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1929 Estonian parliamentary election">1929</a>, <a href="/wiki/1932_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1932 Estonian parliamentary election">1932</a>, <a href="/wiki/1936_Estonian_National_Assembly_election" title="1936 Estonian National Assembly election">1936</a>, <a href="/wiki/1938_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1938 Estonian parliamentary election">1938</a>, <a href="/wiki/1940_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1940 Estonian parliamentary election">1940</a>, <a href="/wiki/1992_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1992 Estonian parliamentary election">1992</a>, <a href="/wiki/1995_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1995 Estonian parliamentary election">1995</a>, <a href="/wiki/1999_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1999 Estonian parliamentary election">1999</a>, <a href="/wiki/2003_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2003 Estonian parliamentary election">2003</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2007 Estonian parliamentary election">2007</a>, <a href="/wiki/2011_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2011 Estonian parliamentary election">2011</a>, <a href="/wiki/2015_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2015 Estonian parliamentary election">2015</a>, <a href="/wiki/2019_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2019 Estonian parliamentary election">2019</a>, <a href="/wiki/2023_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2023 Estonian parliamentary election">2023</a></li> <li>Local/municipal: 1993, 1996, 1999, 2002, 2005, 2009, <a href="/wiki/2013_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2013 Estonian municipal elections">2013</a>, <a href="/wiki/2017_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2017 Estonian municipal elections">2017</a>, <a href="/wiki/2021_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2021 Estonian municipal elections">2021</a></li> <li>European parliament: <a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Estonia">2004</a>, <a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Estonia">2009</a>, <a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Estonia">2014</a>, <a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Estonia">2019</a>, <a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Estonia">2024</a></li> <li>Referendums: <a href="/wiki/2003_Estonian_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2003 Estonian European Union membership referendum">2003</a> (EU)</li> <li>President: <a href="/wiki/1992_Estonian_presidential_election" title="1992 Estonian presidential election">1992</a> (Presidential elections since 1996 have taken place in Riigikogu or Electoral College)</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voting">Voting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Estonia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Voting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Residents without Estonian citizenship may not elect the <a href="/wiki/Riigikogu" title="Riigikogu">Riigikogu</a> (the national parliament). Residents without citizenship of any European Union member state may not elect the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>. All permanent residents, regardless of citizenship, are eligible to vote in the local (municipal) elections in Estonia.<sup id="cite_ref-FIWR_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FIWR-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Electronic voting is based on the <a href="/wiki/Estonian_ID_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Estonian ID card">Estonian ID card</a>. Every voter has the right to verify and change their vote electronically. If the voter has also voted with a ballot paper, then only the ballot paper will be taken into account.<sup id="cite_ref-:17_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:18_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:19_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:20_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:20-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latest_parliamentary_election">Latest parliamentary election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Estonia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Latest parliamentary election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2023_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2023 Estonian parliamentary election">2023 Estonian parliamentary election</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="7" style="text-align:center;color:black;background:#F8F9FA"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Riigikogu_2023.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Riigikogu_2023.svg/360px-Riigikogu_2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Riigikogu_2023.svg/540px-Riigikogu_2023.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Riigikogu_2023.svg/720px-Riigikogu_2023.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2">Party</th><th scope="col">Votes</th><th scope="col">%</th><th scope="col">+/–</th><th scope="col">Seats</th><th scope="col">+/–</th></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FFE200"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Reform_Party" title="Estonian Reform Party">Estonian Reform Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">190,632</td><td style="text-align:right">31.24</td><td style="text-align:right">+2.31</td><td style="text-align:right">37</td><td style="text-align:right">+3</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0063AF"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_People%27s_Party_of_Estonia" title="Conservative People's Party of Estonia">Conservative People's Party of Estonia</a></td><td style="text-align:right">97,966</td><td style="text-align:right">16.05</td><td style="text-align:right">−1.71</td><td style="text-align:right">17</td><td style="text-align:right">−2</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#00AA54"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Centre_Party" title="Estonian Centre Party">Estonian Centre Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">93,254</td><td style="text-align:right">15.28</td><td style="text-align:right">−7.82</td><td style="text-align:right">16</td><td style="text-align:right">−10</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#2f2a95"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Estonia_200" title="Estonia 200">Estonia 200</a></td><td style="text-align:right">81,329</td><td style="text-align:right">13.33</td><td style="text-align:right">+8.97</td><td style="text-align:right">14</td><td style="text-align:right">+14</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#E10600"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Estonia)" title="Social Democratic Party (Estonia)">Social Democratic Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">56,584</td><td style="text-align:right">9.27</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.56</td><td style="text-align:right">9</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#009CE2"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Isamaa" title="Isamaa">Isamaa</a></td><td style="text-align:right">50,118</td><td style="text-align:right">8.21</td><td style="text-align:right">−3.23</td><td style="text-align:right">8</td><td style="text-align:right">−4</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FF0000"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Estonian_United_Left_Party" title="Estonian United Left Party">Estonian United Left Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">14,605</td><td style="text-align:right">2.39</td><td style="text-align:right">+2.30</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FA6100"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Parempoolsed" title="Parempoolsed">Parempoolsed</a></td><td style="text-align:right">14,037</td><td style="text-align:right">2.30</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#96C93D"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Greens" title="Estonian Greens">Estonian Greens</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5,886</td><td style="text-align:right">0.96</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.86</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DCDCDC"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independents</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5,888</td><td style="text-align:right">0.96</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.68</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="text-align:right">610,299</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td><td style="text-align:right">–</td><td style="text-align:right">101</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><td colspan="7" style="color:black;background:#eaecf0"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Valid votes</th><td>610,299</td><td>99.43</td><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Invalid/blank votes</th><td>3,502</td><td>0.57</td><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;background:inherit;color:inherit">Total votes</th><td>613,801</td><td>100.00</td><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Registered voters/turnout</th><td>966,129</td><td>63.53</td><td colspan="3"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><td colspan="7" style="text-align:left">Source: National Electoral Committee<sup id="cite_ref-results_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-results-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Municipal_elections">Municipal elections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Estonia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Municipal elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2021_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2021 Estonian municipal elections">2021 Estonian municipal elections</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="European_elections">European elections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Estonia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: European elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Estonia">European Parliament election, 2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Estonia">European Parliament election, 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Estonia">European Parliament election, 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Estonia">European Parliament election, 2019</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referendums">Referendums</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Estonia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Referendums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Estonia" title="Constitution of Estonia">Constitution of Estonia</a> gives the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Estonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Estonia">Parliament of Estonia</a> the power to submit a bill or other national issue to a referendum (article 105 of the Constitution<sup id="cite_ref-constitution_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). The result of the vote is binding. If a bill which is submitted to a referendum does not receive a majority of votes in favour, the President of the Republic shall declare extraordinary elections to the Parliament. </p><p>There are some issues which cannot be submitted to the referendum: issues regarding the budget, taxation, financial obligations of the state, ratification and denunciation of international treaties, the declaration or termination of a state of emergency, or national defence (article 105 of the Constitution<sup id="cite_ref-constitution_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p><p>Some parts of the Constitution (chapters "General Provisions" and "Amendment of the Constitution") can be amended only by a referendum (article 162 of the Constitution<sup id="cite_ref-constitution_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). The rest of Constitution can be amended either by </p> <ul><li>a referendum;</li> <li>two successive memberships of the Parliament;</li> <li>the Parliament, as a matter of urgency (article 163 of the Constitution<sup id="cite_ref-constitution_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>).</li></ul> <p>A three-fifths majority of the membership of the Parliament is required to submit a bill to amend the Constitution to a referendum (article 164 of the Constitution<sup id="cite_ref-constitution_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p><p>A referendum was called by the Parliament of Estonia on 2 occasions since Estonia regained independence from the <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a>. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Estonian_referendum" title="1992 Estonian referendum">a referendum on a new constitution and citizenship</a> in 1992</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Estonian_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2003 Estonian European Union membership referendum">Estonian European Union membership referendum</a> in 2003</li></ul> <p>Also, there was <a href="/wiki/1991_Estonian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Estonian independence referendum">a referendum on the restoration of Estonian independence</a> in 1991 while Estonia was still under Soviet occupation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Estonia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_districts_of_Estonia" title="Electoral districts of Estonia">Electoral districts of Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral calendar">Electoral calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Electoral system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_voting_in_Estonia" title="Electronic voting in Estonia">Electronic voting in Estonia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Estonia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riigikogu.ee/en/introduction-and-history/history-riigikogu/">History of the RiigiKogu</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/e/estonia/">Adam Carr's Election Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041013054801/http://www.parties-and-elections.de/estonia.html">Parties and elections</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vvk.ee/engindex.html">National Electoral Committee of Estonia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsd.uib.no/european_election_database/country/estonia/">NSD: European Election Database - Estonia</a> publishes regional level election data; allows for comparisons of election results, 1992-2007</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Estonia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FIWR-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FIWR_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPuddingtonPianoEissRoylance2007" class="citation book cs1">Puddington, Arch; Piano, Aili; Eiss, Camille; Roylance, Tyler (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-tI2NuQLLuYC&pg=PA248">"Estonia"</a>. <i>Freedom in the World: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties</i>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 248. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-5897-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-5897-7"><bdi>978-0-7425-5897-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Estonia&rft.btitle=Freedom+in+the+World%3A+The+Annual+Survey+of+Political+Rights+and+Civil+Liberties&rft.pages=248&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7425-5897-7&rft.aulast=Puddington&rft.aufirst=Arch&rft.au=Piano%2C+Aili&rft.au=Eiss%2C+Camille&rft.au=Roylance%2C+Tyler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-tI2NuQLLuYC%26pg%3DPA248&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Estonia" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:17-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:17_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/ee/514112016001/consolide/current">"Municipal Council Election Act"</a>. <i>www.riigiteataja.ee</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-12-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.riigiteataja.ee&rft.atitle=Municipal+Council+Election+Act&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riigiteataja.ee%2Fen%2Feli%2Fee%2F514112016001%2Fconsolide%2Fcurrent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Estonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:18-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:18_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/ee/510032014001/consolide/current">"Riigikogu Election Act"</a>. <i>www.riigiteataja.ee</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-12-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.riigiteataja.ee&rft.atitle=Riigikogu+Election+Act&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riigiteataja.ee%2Fen%2Feli%2Fee%2F510032014001%2Fconsolide%2Fcurrent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Estonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:19-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:19_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/ee/514112016002/consolide/current">"European Parliament Election Act"</a>. <i>www.riigiteataja.ee</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-12-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.riigiteataja.ee&rft.atitle=European+Parliament+Election+Act&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riigiteataja.ee%2Fen%2Feli%2Fee%2F514112016002%2Fconsolide%2Fcurrent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Estonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:20-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:20_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/ee/514112016003/consolide/current">"Referendum Act"</a>. <i>www.riigiteataja.ee</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-12-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.riigiteataja.ee&rft.atitle=Referendum+Act&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riigiteataja.ee%2Fen%2Feli%2Fee%2F514112016003%2Fconsolide%2Fcurrent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Estonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-results-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-results_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rk2023.valimised.ee/et/election-result/index.html">"Eesti Vabariik kokku"</a>. <i>Valimised</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230305205448/https://rk2023.valimised.ee/et/election-result/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Valimised&rft.atitle=Eesti+Vabariik+kokku&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frk2023.valimised.ee%2Fet%2Felection-result%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElections+in+Estonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-constitution-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-constitution_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-constitution_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-constitution_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-constitution_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-constitution_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.president.ee/en/republic-of-estonia/the-constitution/index.html#sthash.rvfVEOxG.dpuf">"Constitution of Estonia"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Estonian_elections" title="Template:Estonian elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Estonian_elections" title="Template talk:Estonian elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Estonian_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Estonian elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Estonia&#124;link=Estonia_Elections_and_referendums_in_Estonia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elections and referendums in Estonia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Riigikogu" title="Riigikogu">Parliamentary elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Provincial_Assembly" title="Estonian Provincial Assembly">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_Estonian_Constituent_Assembly_election" title="1918 Estonian Constituent Assembly election">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Estonian_Constituent_Assembly_election" title="1919 Estonian Constituent Assembly election">1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1920 Estonian parliamentary election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1923 Estonian parliamentary election">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1926 Estonian parliamentary election">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1929 Estonian parliamentary election">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1932 Estonian parliamentary election">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Estonian_National_Assembly_election" title="1936 Estonian National Assembly election">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1938 Estonian parliamentary election">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1940 Estonian parliamentary election">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1947 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1951 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1955 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1959 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1963 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1967 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1971 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1975 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1980 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1985 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Estonia" title="Congress of Estonia">1990 (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Estonian_Supreme_Soviet_election" title="1990 Estonian Supreme Soviet election">1990 (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1992 Estonian parliamentary election">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1995 Estonian parliamentary election">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="1999 Estonian parliamentary election">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2003 Estonian parliamentary election">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2007 Estonian parliamentary election">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2011 Estonian parliamentary election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2015 Estonian parliamentary election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2019 Estonian parliamentary election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="2023 Estonian parliamentary election">2023</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Next_Estonian_parliamentary_election" title="Next Estonian parliamentary election">Next</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Estonia" title="Municipalities of Estonia">Municipal elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1919_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1919 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">1919</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1921_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1921 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1923_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1923 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1927_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1927 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1930_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1930 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1934_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1934 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1993 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1996_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1996 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1999_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1999 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2002_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2002 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2005_Estonian_municipal_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2005 Estonian municipal elections (page does not exist)">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2009 Estonian municipal elections">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2013 Estonian municipal elections">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2017 Estonian municipal elections">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Estonian_municipal_elections" title="2021 Estonian municipal elections">2021</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Estonia" title="President of Estonia">Presidential elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Estonian_presidential_election" title="1992 Estonian presidential election">1992</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Estonia">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Estonia">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Estonia">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Estonia">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Estonia">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Referendums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1923_Estonian_religious_education_referendum" title="1923 Estonian religious education referendum">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Estonian_constitutional_referendum" title="1932 Estonian constitutional referendum">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1933_Estonian_constitutional_referendum" title="June 1933 Estonian constitutional referendum">1933 (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1933_Estonian_constitutional_referendum" title="October 1933 Estonian constitutional referendum">1933 (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Estonian_National_Assembly_referendum" title="1936 Estonian National Assembly referendum">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Estonian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Estonian independence referendum">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Estonian_referendum" title="1992 Estonian referendum">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Estonian_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2003 Estonian European Union membership referendum">2003</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Elections_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li 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title="Elections in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Finland" title="Elections in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_France" title="Elections in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Elections in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Germany" title="Elections in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Greece" title="Elections in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Hungary" title="Elections in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Iceland" title="Elections in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Elections in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Italy" title="Elections in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Kazakhstan" title="Elections in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Latvia" title="Elections in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Liechtenstein" title="Elections in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Lithuania" title="Elections in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Luxembourg" title="Elections in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Malta" title="Elections in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Moldova" title="Elections in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Monaco" title="Elections in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Montenegro" title="Elections in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Netherlands" title="Elections in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_North_Macedonia" title="Elections in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Norway" title="Elections in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Poland" title="Elections in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Portugal" title="Elections in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Romania" title="Elections in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Russia" title="Elections in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_San_Marino" title="Elections in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Serbia" title="Elections in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Slovakia" title="Elections in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Slovenia" title="Elections in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Spain" title="Elections in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Sweden" title="Elections in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Switzerland" title="Elections in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Turkey" title="Elections in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ukraine" title="Elections in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Elections in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Scotland" title="Elections in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales" title="Elections in Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Abkhazia" title="Elections in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Kosovo" title="Elections in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="Elections in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_South_Ossetia" title="Elections in South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Transnistria" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_%C3%85land" title="Elections in Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Elections in the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Gibraltar" title="Elections in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Guernsey" title="Elections in Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Elections in the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Jersey" title="Elections in Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Svalbard" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Estonia_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Estonia_topics" title="Template:Estonia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Estonia_topics" title="Template talk:Estonia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Estonia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Estonia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Estonia_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Estonia-related_articles" title="Index of Estonia-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Estonia" title="History of Estonia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Estonian_history" title="Timeline of Estonian history">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_Estonia" title="List of wars involving Estonia">list of wars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Estonia" title="Ancient Estonia">Ancient Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livonian_Crusade" title="Livonian Crusade">Livonian Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Estonia_(1219%E2%80%931346)" title="Duchy of Estonia (1219–1346)">Danish Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terra_Mariana" title="Terra Mariana">German Bishoprics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livonian_Order" title="Livonian Order">Livonian Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Germans" title="Baltic Germans">Baltic Germans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livonian_War" title="Livonian War">Livonian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Livonia" title="Duchy of Livonia">Polish Livonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia_under_Swedish_rule" title="Estonia under Swedish rule">Swedish Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Northern_War" title="Great Northern War">Great Northern War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Estonia" title="Governorate of Estonia">Russian Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Livonia" title="Governorate of Livonia">Russian Livonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_national_awakening" title="Estonian national awakening">Age of Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Estonia_during_World_War_I" title="German occupation of Estonia during World War I">German occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Estonian Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_War_of_Independence" title="Estonian War of Independence">War of Independence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_C%C4%93sis_(1919)" title="Battle of Cēsis (1919)">Battle of Võnnu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Estonia_(1920%E2%80%931939)" title="History of Estonia (1920–1939)">Interwar period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_of_Silence" title="Era of Silence">Era of Silence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Baltic_states" title="Occupation of the Baltic states">Occupation of Estonia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonian SSR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia_in_World_War_II" title="Estonia in World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_war_in_the_Baltic_states" title="Guerrilla war in the Baltic states">Guerrilla war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ants_Kaljurand" title="Ants Kaljurand">Ants Kaljurand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_partisans" title="Estonian partisans">Estonian partisans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_deportations_from_Estonia" title="Soviet deportations from Estonia">Deportations</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_government-in-exile" title="Estonian government-in-exile">Government-in-exile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singing_Revolution" title="Singing Revolution">Singing Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Sovereignty_Declaration" title="Estonian Sovereignty Declaration">Declaration of sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Restoration_of_Independence" title="Estonian Restoration of Independence">Restoration of independence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Estonia" title="Geography of Estonia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Estonia" title="Climate of Estonia">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Estonia" title="Extreme points of Estonia">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Estonia" title="List of mammals of Estonia">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Estonia" title="List of islands of Estonia">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Estonia" title="List of lakes of Estonia">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populated_places_in_Estonia" title="Populated places in Estonia">Populated places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Estonia" title="Protected areas of Estonia">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Estonia" title="List of rivers of Estonia">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Estonia" title="List of cities and towns in Estonia">Towns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Estonia" title="Politics of Estonia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Estonia" title="Counties of Estonia">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Estonia" title="Constitution of Estonia">Constitution</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Estonia" title="Foreign relations of Estonia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Estonia" title="Government of Estonia">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Estonia" title="Human rights in Estonia">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Estonia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Estonia">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Estonia" title="Law of Estonia">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Police" title="Estonian Police">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Defence_Forces" title="Estonian Defence Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Estonia" title="List of political parties in Estonia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Estonia" title="President of Estonia">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Estonia" title="Prime Minister of Estonia">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riigikogu" title="Riigikogu"><i>Riigikogu</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(parliament)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Estonia" title="Supreme Court of Estonia">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Estonia" title="Economy of Estonia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Estonia" title="Agriculture in Estonia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Estonia" title="Bank of Estonia">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-Residency_of_Estonia" title="E-Residency of Estonia">e-Residency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Estonia" title="Energy in Estonia">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_shale_in_Estonia" title="Oil shale in Estonia">Oil shale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq_Tallinn" title="Nasdaq Tallinn">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Estonia" title="Taxation in Estonia">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Estonia" title="Telecommunications in Estonia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Estonia" title="Tourism in Estonia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Estonia" title="Transport in Estonia">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Estonia" title="Category:Society of Estonia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Estonia" title="Crime in Estonia">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Estonia" title="Demographics of Estonia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Estonia" title="Education in Estonia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonians" title="Estonians">Estonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Estonia" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Estonia">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Estonia" title="Healthcare in Estonia">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Estonia" title="Religion in Estonia">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Estonia" title="Women in Estonia">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Estonia" title="Culture of Estonia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mu_isamaa,_mu_%C3%B5nn_ja_r%C3%B5%C3%B5m" title="Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Estonia" title="Architecture of Estonia">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Estonia" title="Beer in Estonia">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Estonia" title="Cinema of Estonia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia" title="Coat of arms of Estonia">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_cuisine" title="Estonian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Estonian_given_names" title="Category:Estonian given names">Estonian names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Estonian_flags" title="List of Estonian flags">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_folklore" title="Estonian folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Estonia" title="Internet in Estonia">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Estonia" title="Languages of Estonia">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_literature" title="Estonian literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABD_ehk_Luggemise-Ramat_Lastele" title="ABD ehk Luggemise-Ramat Lastele"><i>ABD</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalevipoeg" title="Kalevipoeg"><i>Kalevipoeg</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Estonia" title="Mass media in Estonia">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Estonia" title="Music of Estonia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_mythology" title="Estonian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Estonia" title="Name of Estonia">Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Estonia" title="National symbols of Estonia">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Estonia" title="List of newspapers in Estonia">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Estonia" title="Public holidays in Estonia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Estonia" title="List of radio stations in Estonia">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Estonia" title="Sport in Estonia">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Estonia" title="Television in Estonia">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Estonia" title="Theatre of Estonia">Theatre</a></li></ul> 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