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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <div id="p-Navigacion" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Navigacion" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigacion </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Acuèlh" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Acu%C3%A8lh"><span>Acuèlh</span></a></li><li id="n-La-tavèrna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:La_tav%C3%A8rna"><span>La tavèrna</span></a></li><li id="n-thema" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Acu%C3%A8lh"><span>Portals tematics</span></a></li><li id="n-alphindex" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Totas_las_paginas"><span>Indèx alfabetic</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Pagina_a_l%27azard" title="Afichar una pagina a l'azard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Una pagina a l'azard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Contact-url"><span>contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuir" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuir" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuir </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Somari" title="L'endrech per s'assabentar."><span>Ajuda</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Acu%C3%A8lh" title="A prepaus del projècte, çò que podètz far, ont trobar d'informacions"><span>Comunautat</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Darri%C3%A8rs_cambiaments" title="Lista dels darrièrs cambiaments sul wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Darrièrs cambiaments</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Acu%C3%A8lh_dels_nov%C3%A8ls_venguts"><span>Acuèlh dels novèls venguts</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> 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accesskey="C"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Recercar</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Recercar sus Wikipèdia" aria-label="Recercar sus Wikipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cercar dins Wikipèdia [C]" accesskey="C" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Recèrca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Recercar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Aisinas personalas"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc" class=""><span>Far un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Caf%C3%A8" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri" class=""><span>Crear un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Caf%C3%A8" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connectar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aisinas personalas" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aisinas personalas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc"><span>Far un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Caf%C3%A8" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Caf%C3%A8" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connectar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_contribucions" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_discussions" title="La pagina de discussion per aquesta adreça IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istòria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istòria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istòria</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Istòria-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Istòria</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Istòria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Leis_originas_dau_cafè" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leis_originas_dau_cafè"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Leis originas dau cafè</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leis_originas_dau_cafè-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_premierei_culturas_en_Iemèn_e_la_difusion_dins_lo_monde_arabi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_premierei_culturas_en_Iemèn_e_la_difusion_dins_lo_monde_arabi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Lei premierei culturas en Iemèn e la difusion dins lo monde arabi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_premierei_culturas_en_Iemèn_e_la_difusion_dins_lo_monde_arabi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'introduccion_en_Euròpa_e_en_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'introduccion_en_Euròpa_e_en_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>L'introduccion en Euròpa e en America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'introduccion_en_Euròpa_e_en_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_cafè_dempuei_lo_sègle_XX" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_cafè_dempuei_lo_sègle_XX"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Lo cafè dempuei lo sègle XX</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_cafè_dempuei_lo_sègle_XX-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultura_e_preparacion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultura_e_preparacion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cultura e preparacion</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultura_e_preparacion-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Cultura e preparacion</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cultura_e_preparacion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lei_plantacions_de_cafeièrs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_plantacions_de_cafeièrs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Lei plantacions de cafeièrs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_plantacions_de_cafeièrs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_recòlta_e_la_preparacion_dei_grans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_recòlta_e_la_preparacion_dei_grans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>La recòlta e la preparacion dei grans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_recòlta_e_la_preparacion_dei_grans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_recòlta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_recòlta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>La recòlta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_recòlta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_secatge_ò_lo_lavatge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_secatge_ò_lo_lavatge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Lo secatge ò lo lavatge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_secatge_ò_lo_lavatge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_decafeïnacion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_decafeïnacion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>La decafeïnacion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_decafeïnacion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_torrefaccion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_torrefaccion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>La torrefaccion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_torrefaccion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_mòuta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_mòuta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.5</span> <span>La mòuta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_mòuta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_preparacion_e_lo_servici_de_la_bevenda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_preparacion_e_lo_servici_de_la_bevenda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>La preparacion e lo servici de la bevenda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_preparacion_e_lo_servici_de_la_bevenda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Produccion_e_consumacion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Produccion_e_consumacion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Produccion e consumacion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Produccion_e_consumacion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Efiechs_sus_la_santat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efiechs_sus_la_santat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Efiechs sus la santat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Efiechs_sus_la_santat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annèxas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annèxas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Annèxas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Annèxas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Annèxas</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Annèxas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Liames_intèrnes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liames_intèrnes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Liames intèrnes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liames_intèrnes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nòtas_e_referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Nòtas e referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cafè</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 203 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-203" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">203 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffie" title="Koffie - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koffie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffee" title="Kaffee - aleman de Soïssa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kaffee" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="aleman de Soïssa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A1%E1%8A%93" title="ቡና - amaric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቡና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" title="Café - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Café" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffig" title="Caffig - anglès antic" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Caffig" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="anglès antic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E1%BB%8D%CC%80fi" title="Kọ̀fi - obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Kọ̀fi" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80" title="कॉफी - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="कॉफी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A9" title="قهوة - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قهوة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%87%D9%88%D9%87" title="قهوه - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قهوه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF" title="কফি - assamès" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কফি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" title="Café - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Café" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapi" title="Kapi - atacama" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Kapi" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="atacama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80" title="कफी - awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="कफी" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C9%99hv%C9%99" title="Qəhvə - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qəhvə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%87%D9%88%D9%87" title="قهوه - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قهوه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D3%99%D2%BB%D2%AF%D3%99_(%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA)" title="Ҡәһүә (эсемлек) - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡәһүә (эсемлек)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi" title="Kopi - balinés" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kopi" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaf%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Kafää - bavarès" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kafää" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kava" title="Kava - samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kava" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kape" title="Kape - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kape" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupi%27" title="Kupi' - West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Kupi'" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кава - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кава" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кава - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кава" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gahwa" title="Gahwa - betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Gahwa" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Кафе - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кафе" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofi" title="Kofi - bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kofi" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupi" title="Kupi - banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kupi" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF" title="কফি - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কফি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BE%A5%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8D" title="ཁོ་ཧྥེ། - tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཁོ་ཧྥེ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafe" title="Kafe - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kafe" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahva" title="Kahva - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kahva" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Кофе - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Кофе" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A8" title="Cafè - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cafè" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%83-p%C4%AD" title="Gă-pĭ - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gă-pĭ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%BE" title="Къахьо - chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Къахьо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A7%E1%8F%AB" title="ᎧᏫ - cheroqui" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎧᏫ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cheroqui" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%27%C3%B4ht%C3%A1v%C3%AAhohpe" title="Mo'ôhtávêhohpe - xeiene" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Mo'ôhtávêhohpe" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="xeiene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95" title="قاوە - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="قاوە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1va" title="Káva - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Káva" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawa" title="Kawa - caixubi" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kawa" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="caixubi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Кофе - chovash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кофе" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chovash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffi" title="Coffi - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Coffi" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffe" title="Kaffe - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kaffe" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tii" title="Tii - Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Tii" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffee" title="Kaffee - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kaffee" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupi" title="Kupi - dusun central" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Kupi" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="dusun central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80" title="कफी - Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="कफी" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AD%CF%82" title="Καφές - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καφές" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Coffee" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafo" title="Kafo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kafo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" title="Café - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Café" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohv" title="Kohv - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kohv" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafe" title="Kafe - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kafe" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" title="Café - extremeny" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Café" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremeny" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%87%D9%88%D9%87" title="قهوه - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قهوه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahvi" title="Kahvi - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kahvi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohv" title="Kohv - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kohv" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffi" title="Kaffi - feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kaffi" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" title="Café - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Café" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofe" title="Kofe - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kofe" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A8" title="Cafè - friolan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Cafè" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friolan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caife" title="Caife - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Caife" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1" title="咖啡 - xinès gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="咖啡" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="xinès gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaf%C3%A9" title="Kafé - créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kafé" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofaidh" title="Cofaidh - gaelic escossés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cofaidh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelic escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" title="Café - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Café" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taperyva_rykue" title="Taperyva rykue - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Taperyva rykue" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%88%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌺𐌰𐍈𐌰 - gòtic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌺𐌰𐍈𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gòtic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepein" title="Kepein - wayú" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Kepein" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="wayú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A2-p%C3%AE" title="Kâ-pî - xinès hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kâ-pî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="xinès hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%94" title="קפה - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קפה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%80" title="कॉफ़ी - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कॉफ़ी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee - hindi de Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Coffee" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi de Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kava" title="Kava - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kava" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafe" title="Kafe - crioll d’Haití" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kafe" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioll d’Haití" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1v%C3%A9" title="Kávé - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kávé" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B3" title="Սուրճ - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուրճ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B3" title="Սուրճ - arménien occidental" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սուրճ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="arménien occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffe" title="Caffe - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Caffe" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupi" title="Kupi - iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Kupi" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi" title="Kopi - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kopi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E1%BB%8Df%E1%BB%8B" title="Kọfị - igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Kọfị" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuukpiaq" title="Kuukpiaq - inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Kuukpiaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kape" title="Kape - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kape" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafeo" title="Kafeo - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kafeo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffi" title="Kaffi - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kaffi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caff%C3%A8" title="Caffè - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Caffè" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%92%E3%83%BC" title="コーヒー - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コーヒー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaafi" title="Kaafi - crioll anglès de Jamaica" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kaafi" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="crioll anglès de Jamaica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/ckafi" title="ckafi - lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="ckafi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi" title="Kopi - javanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kopi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="ყავა - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ყავა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D1%8D%D1%85%D1%8C%D1%8D%D1%83%D1%8D" title="Къэхьэуэ - kabardí" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Къэхьэуэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C9%94f%C9%A9" title="Kɔfɩ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kɔfɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi" title="Kopi - Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Kopi" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Кофе - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кофе" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9F%81" title="កាហ្វេ - cambojian" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កាហ្វេ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="cambojian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AB%E0%B2%BF" title="ಕಾಫಿ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಾಫಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BB%A4%ED%94%BC" title="커피 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="커피" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Кофе - karatxai-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Кофе" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatxai-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C" title="کافی - cashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="کافی" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="cashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qehwe" title="Qehwe - curd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Qehwe" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Кофе - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кофе" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffeum" title="Coffeum - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Coffeum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kav%C3%A9" title="Kavé - ladin" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kavé" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffi" title="Kaffi - luxemborgés" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kaffi" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemborgés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Къагьве - lesguià" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Къагьве" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesguià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cafe" title="Cafe - lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cafe" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3ffe" title="Kóffe - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kóffe" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caff%C3%A8" title="Caffè - lígur" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Caffè" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="lígur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A8" title="Cafè - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cafè" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1wa" title="Káwa - lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Káwa" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%9F" title="ກາເຟ - laosian" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ກາເຟ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kava" title="Kava - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kava" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafija" title="Kafija - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kafija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi" title="Kopi - madurès" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Kopi" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madurès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80" title="कफी - maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="कफी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafe_(zava-pisotro)" title="Kafe (zava-pisotro) - malgash" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kafe (zava-pisotro)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi" title="Kopi - minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kopi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Кафе - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кафе" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF_(%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82)" title="കാപ്പി (പാനീയം) - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാപ്പി (പാനീയം)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Кофе - mongòl" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кофе" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80" title="कॉफी - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कॉफी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi" title="Kopi - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kopi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%AE" title="ကော်ဖီ - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကော်ဖီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffie" title="Koffie - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Koffie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffie" title="Koffie - baix saxó" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Koffie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baix saxó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80" title="कफी - nepalés" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कफी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofi" title="Kofi - nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Kofi" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffie_(drank)" title="Koffie (drank) - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koffie (drank)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffi" title="Kaffi - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kaffi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffe" title="Kaffe - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kaffe" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" title="Café - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Café" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahw%C3%A9%C3%A9h" title="Ahwééh - navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ahwééh" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koufei" title="Koufei - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Koufei" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buna" title="Buna - oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Buna" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Къофи - osseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Къофи" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80" title="ਕੌਫ਼ੀ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੌਫ਼ੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffie" title="Koffie - papiament" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Koffie" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiament" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawa" title="Kawa - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kawa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C_(%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8)" title="کافی (مشروب) - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کافی (مشروب)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%87%D9%88%D9%87" title="قهوه - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="قهوه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" title="Café - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Café" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaphiy" title="Kaphiy - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kaphiy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" title="Café - romanch" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Café" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cafea" title="Cafea - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cafea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cafe" title="Cafe - aromanès" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Cafe" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Кофе - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кофе" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кава - ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Кава" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikawa" title="Ikawa - ruandès" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ikawa" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="ruandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="काफीपेयम् - sanscrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="काफीपेयम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5" title="Кофе - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кофе" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ - santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A8" title="Cafè - sard" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Cafè" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9" title="Café - sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Café" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee - escossés" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Coffee" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A_(%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%AA)" title="ڪافي (شربت) - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪافي (شربت)" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1ffe" title="Gáffe - sami septentrional" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Gáffe" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sami septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kava" title="Kava - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kava" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92_(%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA)" title="කෝපි (පානය) - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කෝපි (පානය)" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Coffee" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1va" title="Káva - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Káva" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kava" title="Kava - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kava" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4hvi" title="Kähvi - sami d’Inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kähvi" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="sami d’Inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofi" title="Kofi - shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Kofi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bun" title="Bun - somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Bun" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafeja" title="Kafeja - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kafeja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Кафа - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кафа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koafje" title="Koafje - saterlandais" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Koafje" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi" title="Kopi - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kopi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffe" title="Kaffe - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kaffe" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahawa" title="Kahawa - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kahawa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafyj" title="Kafyj - silesià" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kafyj" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/kuhi" title="kuhi - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="kuhi" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF" title="காப்பி - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காப்பி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%80" title="కాఫీ - telogó" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కాఫీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telogó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Қаҳва - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Қаҳва" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9F" title="กาแฟ - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กาแฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofe" title="Kofe - turcmèn" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Kofe" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcmèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kape" title="Kape - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kape" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi" title="Kopi - tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Kopi" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahve" title="Kahve - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kahve" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D2%BB%D0%B2%D3%99" title="Каһвә - tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Каһвә" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DB%95%DA%BE%DB%8B%DB%95" title="قەھۋە - oigor" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="قەھۋە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="oigor" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Кава - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кава" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C" title="کافی - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کافی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qahva" title="Qahva - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qahva" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A8" title="Cafè - vènet" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Cafè" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vènet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofe" title="Kofe - vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kofe" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0_ph%C3%AA" title="Cà phê - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cà phê" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffie" title="Kaffie - flamenc occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Kaffie" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamenc occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A8_(abwesson)" title="Cafè (abwesson) - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Cafè (abwesson)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kape" title="Kape - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kape" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1" title="咖啡 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="咖啡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="ყავა - mingrelià" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ყავა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2" title="קאווע - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאווע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gahfeih" title="Gahfeih - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gahfeih" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffie" title="Koffie - zelandès" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Koffie" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zelandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1" title="咖啡 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="咖啡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1" title="咖啡 - 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/30px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/45px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/60px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipèdia, l'enciclopèdia liura.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG/220px-A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG/330px-A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG/440px-A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Una tassa de cafè.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lo <b>cafè</b> es una bevenda producha a partir de grans secats e torrats dau <a href="/wiki/Cafei%C3%A8r" class="mw-redirect" title="Cafeièr">cafeièr</a>, un <a href="/wiki/Aubre" class="mw-redirect" title="Aubre">aubre</a> tropicau dau <a href="/wiki/Genre_(biologia)" title="Genre (biologia)">genre</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Coffea" title="Coffea">Coffea</a></i>. A de proprietats energizantas, psicotropicas, estimulantas e un <a href="/wiki/Gost" title="Gost">gost</a> marcat per leis aròmas contenguts dins lei grans. Sa preparacion consistís a extraire leis aròmas e lei <a href="/wiki/Compausat_quimic" title="Compausat quimic">substàncias</a> activas, en particular la <a href="/wiki/Cafe%C3%AFna" title="Cafeïna">cafeïna</a>, en mesclant una mòuta eissida dei grans e d'<a href="/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga">aiga</a> bolhenta. Lo cafè presenta ansin de similituds amb lo <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A8" title="Tè">tè</a> e lo <a href="/wiki/Mate" title="Mate">mate</a> que son egalament de bevendas contenent de quantitats significativas de <a href="/wiki/Cafe%C3%AFna" title="Cafeïna">cafeïna</a>. </p><p>Lo cafè es originari d'<a href="/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia">Etiopia</a>, mai son istòria es mau coneguda avans la fin de l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a>. Sa consumacion se difusèt lòng dei rotas <a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A8rci" title="Comèrci">comercialas</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Roja" title="Mar Roja">mar Roja</a> e s'estendeguèt pauc a cha pauc dins lo monde arabi. Arribèt en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> vèrs la fin dau sègle XVI ò au començament dau sègle XVII. I venguèt rapidament popular e divèrsei marchands ne'n desvolopèron la cultura dins lei <a href="/wiki/Colonialisme" title="Colonialisme">colonias</a> d'otramar adaptadas a la cultura d'una planta tropicala aguent de besonhs relativament precís. Aquò explica la difusion mondiala dei cafeièrs modèrnes. </p><p>Dempuei la fin dau periòde coloniau, la cafeïcultura es demorat una activitat <a href="/wiki/Agricultura" title="Agricultura">agricòla</a> comerciala. D'efiech, lei país productors son totjorn situats dins lei regions intertropicalas e la quasi totalitat de la produccion es exportada vèrs lei país desvolopats ont es transformada e consumada. Dins leis <a href="/wiki/Ans_2010" title="Ans 2010">ans 2010</a>, aperaquí 25 milions de productors despendián d'aquela activitat car, l'entretenença dei plantacions necessitant una man d'òbra importanta, es un sector dominat per de tenements familhaus esplechant de superficias de quauqueis <a href="/wiki/Ectara" title="Ectara">ectaras</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istòria"><span id="Ist.C3.B2ria"></span>Istòria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Istòria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Istòria"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leis_originas_dau_cafè"><span id="Leis_originas_dau_caf.C3.A8"></span>Leis originas dau cafè</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Leis originas dau cafè" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Leis originas dau cafè"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fòrça <a href="/wiki/Legenda" title="Legenda">legendas</a> còntan la descubèrta dei proprietats dau cafè en <a href="/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia">Etiopia</a> e sa difusion vèrs lei país arabis, generalament a l'iniciativa de movements <a href="/wiki/Sofisme" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Sofisme">sofis</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. La pus frequenta cita un pastre <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abissinia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abissinia (la pagina existís pas)">abissinian</a>, dich Kaldi, qu'auriá notat l'efiech tonificant dau <a href="/wiki/Cafei%C3%A8r" class="mw-redirect" title="Cafeièr">cafeièr</a> sus lei <a href="/wiki/Cabra" title="Cabra">cabras</a> de son tropèu. Una varianta plaça la descubèrta après aver sentit l'<a href="/wiki/Odor" title="Odor">odor</a> agradiva d'una branca de <a href="/wiki/Cafei%C3%A8r" class="mw-redirect" title="Cafeièr">cafeièr</a> tombada sus un <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%A8ile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pèile (la pagina existís pas)">pèile</a>. Una autra <a href="/wiki/Legenda" title="Legenda">legenda</a> frequentament avançada cita lo <a href="/wiki/Cheic" title="Cheic">cheic</a> <a href="/wiki/Abu_Hassan_al-Shadhili" title="Abu Hassan al-Shadhili">Abu Hassan al-Shadhili</a>, un <a href="/wiki/Religions" title="Religions">religiós</a> sofi retirat sus una <a href="/wiki/Montanha" title="Montanha">montanha</a> que se norrissiá de « l'aubre de cafè »<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Segon lei estudis <a href="/wiki/Sci%C3%A9ncia" title="Sciéncia">scientifics</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffea_arabica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffea arabica (la pagina existís pas)">Coffea arabica</a></i> es una <a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">planta</a> originària dau sud-oèst d'<a href="/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia">Etiopia</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Se difusèt naturalament dins de regions autas dau <a href="/wiki/Sodan_dau_Sud" class="mw-redirect" title="Sodan dau Sud">Sodan dau Sud</a> e dau nòrd de <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Se l'existéncia dau cafè es pas atestada avans la fin de l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a>, èra probablament ja conegut e consumat per lei populacions d'aquelei regions. Pasmens, la data d'aquela descubèrta locala es pas coneguda<sup id="cite_ref-Weinberg_e_Bealer_2001_pp._3-4_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weinberg_e_Bealer_2001_pp._3-4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_premierei_culturas_en_Iemèn_e_la_difusion_dins_lo_monde_arabi"><span id="Lei_premierei_culturas_en_Iem.C3.A8n_e_la_difusion_dins_lo_monde_arabi"></span>Lei premierei culturas en Iemèn e la difusion dins lo monde arabi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei premierei culturas en Iemèn e la difusion dins lo monde arabi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei premierei culturas en Iemèn e la difusion dins lo monde arabi"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo <a href="/wiki/Cafei%C3%A8r" class="mw-redirect" title="Cafeièr">cafeièr</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffea_arabica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffea arabica (la pagina existís pas)">Coffea arabica</a></i> se difusèt en <a href="/wiki/Iem%C3%A8n" title="Iemèn">Iemèn</a> dins lo corrent de l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a>. La data d'aqueu procès es desconeguda e leis informacions disponiblas permèton pas de definir un scenari clar. D'un caire, una data relativament precòça, tre lo <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_VI" title="Sègle VI">sègle VI</a>, es de còps avançada<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, mai d'autre caire, de datas fòrça tardivas coma la fin dau sègle XV son tanben defendudas<sup id="cite_ref-Weinberg_e_Bealer_2001_pp._3-4_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weinberg_e_Bealer_2001_pp._3-4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Pasmens, d'un biais segur, lei testimoniatges atestats pus ancians d'una consumacion de bevendas eissidas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gran (la pagina existís pas)">grans</a> de cafeièr datan d'aquela segonda data<sup id="cite_ref-Weinberg_e_Bealer_2001_pp._3-4_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weinberg_e_Bealer_2001_pp._3-4-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/Iem%C3%A8n" title="Iemèn">Iemèn</a>, la cultura e la consumacion de cafè se desvolopèron au sen dei confrariás <a href="/wiki/Sofisme" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Sofisme">sofis</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. A partir d'aqueu periòde, la bevenda aparéis mai e mai frequentament dins leis escrichs d'explorators ò de marchands passant dins lei <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B2rt_(marina)" title="Pòrt (marina)">pòrts</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Bana_d%27Africa" title="Bana d'Africa">Bana d'Africa</a>. Lo cafè se difusèt ansin lòng dei rotas <a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A8rci" title="Comèrci">comercialas</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Roja" title="Mar Roja">mar Roja</a>. Lo <a href="/wiki/Romavatge" class="mw-redirect" title="Romavatge">romavatge</a> annuau a <a href="/wiki/La_M%C3%A8ca" title="La Mèca">La Mèca</a> aguèt tanben probablament un ròtle dins aqueu mecanisme. A la fin dau sègle XVI, èra conegut dins l'ensemble de l'<a href="/wiki/Africa_dau_N%C3%B2rd" class="mw-redirect" title="Africa dau Nòrd">Africa dau Nòrd</a> e de l'<a href="/wiki/Orient_Mejan" title="Orient Mejan">Orient Mejan</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L'introduccion_en_Euròpa_e_en_America"><span id="L.27introduccion_en_Eur.C3.B2pa_e_en_America"></span>L'introduccion en Euròpa e en America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : L'introduccion en Euròpa e en America" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: L'introduccion en Euròpa e en America"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo cafè arribèt dins l'<a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> <a href="/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme">crestiana</a> en <a href="/wiki/1600" class="mw-redirect" title="1600">1600</a>, introduch per de marchands <a href="/wiki/Ven%C3%A8cia" title="Venècia">venecians</a>. Tre <a href="/wiki/1615" class="mw-redirect" title="1615">1615</a>, sa consumacion èra venguda frequenta a <a href="/wiki/Ven%C3%A8cia" title="Venècia">Venècia</a> e de cafè èra importat en provenença d'<a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. En parallèl, de marchands <a href="/wiki/Anglat%C3%A8rra" title="Anglatèrra">anglés</a> e <a href="/wiki/Prov%C3%ADncias_Unidas" title="Províncias Unidas">olandés</a> descurbiguèron a son torn la bevenda en Orient e la difusèron dins sei país respectius. La consumacion de cafè èra ansin comuna au sen de l'eleit anglés en <a href="/wiki/1650" class="mw-redirect" title="1650">1650</a>. Tre <a href="/wiki/1700" class="mw-redirect" title="1700">1700</a>, au mens 2 000 cafès èran recensats dins lo reiaume. En <a href="/wiki/Occit%C3%A0nia" title="Occitània">Occitània</a>, lo marchand Pèire de la Ròca importèt de balas de cafè a <a href="/wiki/Marselha" title="Marselha">Marselha</a> en <a href="/wiki/1644" class="mw-redirect" title="1644">1644</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Lo premier cafè foguèt inaugurat dins la <a href="/wiki/Vila" title="Vila">vila</a> en <a href="/wiki/1671" class="mw-redirect" title="1671">1671</a> e una ret comerciala se metèt rapidament en plaça per importar de cafè a partir dau <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a>. </p><p>Tre <a href="/wiki/1689" class="mw-redirect" title="1689">1689</a>, lo cafè foguèt difusat en <a href="/wiki/America" title="America">America</a> per lei <a href="/wiki/Colonialisme" title="Colonialisme">colons</a> <a href="/wiki/Anglat%C3%A8rra" title="Anglatèrra">anglés</a> de <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>. Lèu, leis Europèus assaièron de trobar de solucions per desvolopar lei sieunas culturas en vista de respòndre a una demanda en aumentacion rapida. Lei <a href="/wiki/Reiaume_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Reiaume Unit">Britanics</a> comencèron de cultivar de cafè a <a href="/wiki/Ceilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceilan">Ceilan</a>, mai una <a href="/wiki/Epid%C3%A8mia" title="Epidèmia">epidèmia</a> devastèt lei cafeièrs de l'illa. Leis Olandés aguèron mai de succès en <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. Puei, lei <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">Francés</a> e lei <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugués</a> capitèron d'adaptar la planta ais <a href="/wiki/Antilhas" title="Antilhas">Antilhas</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a>. Lei plantacions de <a href="/wiki/Cafei%C3%A8r" class="mw-redirect" title="Cafeièr">cafeièrs</a> venguèron ansin un pielon de l'<a href="/wiki/Economia" title="Economia">economia</a> <a href="/wiki/Colonialisme" title="Colonialisme">coloniala</a>. Aquò favorizèt l'introduccion d'aquela cultura dins mai d'una region <a href="/wiki/Clima_tropicau" class="mw-redirect" title="Clima tropicau">tropicala</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lo_cafè_dempuei_lo_sègle_XX"><span id="Lo_caf.C3.A8_dempuei_lo_s.C3.A8gle_XX"></span>Lo cafè dempuei lo sègle XX</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo cafè dempuei lo sègle XX" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo cafè dempuei lo sègle XX"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La descolonisacion cambièt pas l'organizacion generala dei flus de l'economia dau cafè. Lei culturas son totjorn implantadas dins lei país dau Sud e la quasi totalitat de la produccion es totjorn exportada vèrs lei país dau Nòrd onte la bevenda es demorada fòrça populara. En revènge, l'abolicion de l'<a href="/wiki/Esclavatge" title="Esclavatge">esclavatge</a> e la disparicion dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trabalh_for%C3%A7at&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trabalh forçat (la pagina existís pas)">trabalh forçat</a> coloniau menèron a de transformacions socialas dins lei plantacions : lo modèl de la plantacion giganta dispareguèt pauc a cha pauc e foguèt remplaçat per de tenements <a href="/wiki/Familha_(parent%C3%A8la)" title="Familha (parentèla)">familhaus</a>. Per exemple, au començament dau sègle XXI, en <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a>, 70 % dei productors de cafè esplechavan de superficias inferioras a 10 <a href="/wiki/Ectara" title="Ectara">ectaras</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Lei cafeièrs i son frequentament associats amb de culturas alimentàrias<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultura_e_preparacion">Cultura e preparacion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Cultura e preparacion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Cultura e preparacion"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_plantacions_de_cafeièrs"><span id="Lei_plantacions_de_cafei.C3.A8rs"></span>Lei plantacions de cafeièrs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei plantacions de cafeièrs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei plantacions de cafeièrs"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cafe%C3%AFcultura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cafeïcultura (la pagina existís pas)">Cafeïcultura</a>.</div> <p>Lo <a href="/wiki/Genre_(biologia)" title="Genre (biologia)">genre</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Coffea" title="Coffea">Coffea</a></i> contèn aperaquí 130 <a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%A8cia_(biologia)" title="Espècia (biologia)">espècias</a> identificadas utilizablas per produrre de cafè. Lo pus presat es <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffea_arabica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffea arabica (la pagina existís pas)">Coffea arabica</a></i> que permet de produrre lo cafè arabica. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffea_canephora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffea canephora (la pagina existís pas)">Coffea canephora</a></i> es l'autra espècia fòrça cultivada car es mens costós e que pòu créisser dins de terrens impròpris a la cultura de <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffea_arabica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffea arabica (la pagina existís pas)">Coffea arabica</a></i>. Permet de produrre lo cafè robusta. Pus rarament, se cultiva <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffea_liberica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffea liberica (la pagina existís pas)">Coffea liberica</a></i> que permet de fabricar un cafè relativament similar au robusta<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Enfin, se fau nòtar que l'espècia <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffea_stenophylla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffea stenophylla (la pagina existís pas)">Coffea stenophylla</a></i> es l'objècte d'estudis importants dins lo quadre de la recèrca d'un substitut possible en respònsa au <a href="/wiki/Rescaufament_climatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Rescaufament climatic">rescaufament climatic</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Lei plantacions modèrnas son generalament de tenements <a href="/wiki/Familha_(parent%C3%A8la)" title="Familha (parentèla)">familhaus</a> de mens de 10 ectaras situadas dins de reginons tropicalas compresas entre 200 e 2 000 m d'<a href="/wiki/Altitud" title="Altitud">altitud</a>. D'efiech, lei cafeièrs pòdon unicament se desvolopar quand la <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> es superiora a 10-12 °C e inferiora a 30-35 °C. De mai, necessitan de condicions d'umiditiat e de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pluviometria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pluviometria (la pagina existís pas)">pluviometria</a> relativament precisas. En causa d'aquelei constrenchas, lei plantacions de cafè son sovent implantadas dins de zònas pauc favorablas a la mecanizacion entre lei <a href="/wiki/Latitud" title="Latitud">latituds</a> 28° N e 28 °S. Requièron donc una quantitat importanta de man d'òbra. </p><p>Dins la natura, lei cafeièrs son d'<a href="/wiki/Aubre" class="mw-redirect" title="Aubre">aubres</a> de talha mejana que pòdon agantar 9 m d'autor. Créisson generalament a l'ombra d'aubres pus grands. Dins lei plantacions, son copats per gardar una autor de 2 a 3 m. Autra diferéncia importanta, lei cafeièrs cultivats son sovent victimas de <a href="/wiki/Parasitisme" title="Parasitisme">parasits</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Malauti%C3%A1" title="Malautiá">malautiás</a>. La menaça pus grèva es lo fonge <i><a href="/wiki/Hemileia_vastatrix" title="Hemileia vastatrix">Hemileia vastatrix</a></i> que causa l'aparicion dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolh_dau_cafei%C3%A8r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolh dau cafeièr (la pagina existís pas)">rolh dau cafeièr</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. D'<a href="/wiki/Ins%C3%A8cte" class="mw-redirect" title="Insècte">insèctes</a> son tanben susceptibles d'atacar lei <a href="/wiki/Fuelha" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuelha">fuelhas</a>, lei <a href="/wiki/Fruch" title="Fruch">fruchs</a> ò lei cambas de l'<a href="/wiki/Aubre" class="mw-redirect" title="Aubre">aubre</a>. Lei malautiás son pus frequentas quand lei cafeièrs son dirèctament expausats au <a href="/wiki/Soleu" title="Soleu">Soleu</a>. Per aquela rason, quauquei plantacions preferisson plantar d'aubres pus grands per leis ombrejar. Pasmens, aquò redutz la productivitat. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:New_coffee_varieties_in_a_nursery_at_a_coffee_farm_in_Cauca,_southwestern_Colombia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plantums de cafeièr dins un plantolier"><img alt="Plantums de cafeièr dins un plantolier" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/New_coffee_varieties_in_a_nursery_at_a_coffee_farm_in_Cauca%2C_southwestern_Colombia.jpg/120px-New_coffee_varieties_in_a_nursery_at_a_coffee_farm_in_Cauca%2C_southwestern_Colombia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/New_coffee_varieties_in_a_nursery_at_a_coffee_farm_in_Cauca%2C_southwestern_Colombia.jpg/180px-New_coffee_varieties_in_a_nursery_at_a_coffee_farm_in_Cauca%2C_southwestern_Colombia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/New_coffee_varieties_in_a_nursery_at_a_coffee_farm_in_Cauca%2C_southwestern_Colombia.jpg/240px-New_coffee_varieties_in_a_nursery_at_a_coffee_farm_in_Cauca%2C_southwestern_Colombia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Plantums de cafeièr dins un plantolier</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Shade_grown_coffee_in_Guatemala.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cafeièrs protegits per l'ombra d'aubres pus grands dins una plantacion"><img alt="Cafeièrs protegits per l'ombra d'aubres pus grands dins una plantacion" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Shade_grown_coffee_in_Guatemala.jpg/120px-Shade_grown_coffee_in_Guatemala.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Shade_grown_coffee_in_Guatemala.jpg/180px-Shade_grown_coffee_in_Guatemala.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Shade_grown_coffee_in_Guatemala.jpg/240px-Shade_grown_coffee_in_Guatemala.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="842" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Cafeièrs protegits per l'ombra d'aubres pus grands dins una plantacion</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coffee_Plantation.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plantacion modèrna de cafeièrs"><img alt="Plantacion modèrna de cafeièrs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Coffee_Plantation.jpg/120px-Coffee_Plantation.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Coffee_Plantation.jpg/180px-Coffee_Plantation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Coffee_Plantation.jpg/240px-Coffee_Plantation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="762" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Plantacion modèrna de cafeièrs</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coffee_Wilt_Disease.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cafeièr ravatjat per una malautiá fongica"><img alt="Cafeièr ravatjat per una malautiá fongica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Coffee_Wilt_Disease.jpg/120px-Coffee_Wilt_Disease.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Coffee_Wilt_Disease.jpg/180px-Coffee_Wilt_Disease.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Coffee_Wilt_Disease.jpg/240px-Coffee_Wilt_Disease.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Cafeièr ravatjat per una malautiá fongica</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Hemileia_vastatrix_-_coffee_leaf_rust.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rolh dau cafè"><img alt="Rolh dau cafè" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Hemileia_vastatrix_-_coffee_leaf_rust.jpg/120px-Hemileia_vastatrix_-_coffee_leaf_rust.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Hemileia_vastatrix_-_coffee_leaf_rust.jpg/180px-Hemileia_vastatrix_-_coffee_leaf_rust.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Hemileia_vastatrix_-_coffee_leaf_rust.jpg/240px-Hemileia_vastatrix_-_coffee_leaf_rust.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolh_dau_caf%C3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolh dau cafè (la pagina existís pas)">Rolh dau cafè</a></div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_recòlta_e_la_preparacion_dei_grans"><span id="La_rec.C3.B2lta_e_la_preparacion_dei_grans"></span>La recòlta e la preparacion dei grans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modificar la seccion : La recòlta e la preparacion dei grans" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=8" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La recòlta e la preparacion dei grans"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_recòlta"><span id="La_rec.C3.B2lta"></span>La recòlta</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modificar la seccion : La recòlta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=9" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La recòlta"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un cafeièr vèn productiu tres a quatre ans après sa plantacion. La florison necessita una temperatura favorabla au desvolopament de l'<a href="/wiki/Aubre" class="mw-redirect" title="Aubre">aubre</a> e un periòde de secaressa de quauquei <a href="/wiki/Setmana" title="Setmana">setmanas</a> seguit de <a href="/wiki/Plueja" class="mw-redirect" title="Plueja">pluejas</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. La madurason dei <a href="/wiki/Fruch" title="Fruch">fruchs</a> dura de 6 a 8 mes per l'arabica e de 9 a 11 mes per lo robusta. Dos metòdes principaus son utilizats per la recòlta : </p> <ul><li>la culhida manuala que pòu durar plusors jorns per cada aubre, mai que permet de produrre de cafès de <a href="/wiki/Qualitat" title="Qualitat">qualitat</a> superiora.</li> <li>lo desgaspatge que consistís a rasclar totei lei fruchs d'une branca. En certanei cas, es possible de mecanizar lo procès per aumentar mai la productivitat. Pasmens, aquela tecnica entraïna l'acampatge de fruchs mai ò mens madurs e es a l'origina de cafès pus amars.</li></ul> <p>Quauquei metòdes pus rars de recòlta son la collècta d'excrements d'animaus aguent manjat lei fruchs dau cafeièr sensa lei digerir totalament. Aquò permet de recuperar lei rèstas dei fruchs per produrre de cafès particulars. Lei cas pus coneguts son lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kopi_luwak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kopi luwak (la pagina existís pas)">kopi luwak</a> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">vietnamian</a> e lo cafè elefant <a href="/wiki/Tail%C3%A0ndia" title="Tailàndia">tailandés</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coffee_Flowers.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Flors de Coffea arabica"><img alt="Flors de Coffea arabica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coffee_Flowers.JPG/120px-Coffee_Flowers.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coffee_Flowers.JPG/180px-Coffee_Flowers.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coffee_Flowers.JPG/240px-Coffee_Flowers.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Flors de <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffea_arabica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffea arabica (la pagina existís pas)">Coffea arabica</a></i></div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:FruitColors.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fruchs de Coffea arabica"><img alt="Fruchs de Coffea arabica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/FruitColors.jpg/120px-FruitColors.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/FruitColors.jpg/180px-FruitColors.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/FruitColors.jpg/240px-FruitColors.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Fruchs de <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffea_arabica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffea arabica (la pagina existís pas)">Coffea arabica</a></i></div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coffee-cherry-picker-san-marcos-tarrazu-costa-rica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Culhida manuala dei fruchs"><img alt="Culhida manuala dei fruchs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Coffee-cherry-picker-san-marcos-tarrazu-costa-rica.jpg/120px-Coffee-cherry-picker-san-marcos-tarrazu-costa-rica.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Coffee-cherry-picker-san-marcos-tarrazu-costa-rica.jpg/180px-Coffee-cherry-picker-san-marcos-tarrazu-costa-rica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Coffee-cherry-picker-san-marcos-tarrazu-costa-rica.jpg/240px-Coffee-cherry-picker-san-marcos-tarrazu-costa-rica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Culhida manuala dei fruchs</div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lo_secatge_ò_lo_lavatge"><span id="Lo_secatge_.C3.B2_lo_lavatge"></span>Lo secatge ò lo lavatge</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo secatge ò lo lavatge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=10" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo secatge ò lo lavatge"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lei <a href="/wiki/Fruch" title="Fruch">fruchs</a> dau cafeièr son un tipe de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drupa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drupa (la pagina existís pas)">drupa</a>, es a dire que lei favas son cubèrtas per una popa. L'eliminacion d'aquela envolopa es l'objectiu de la fasa de secatge ò de lavatge. Lo premier se debana sus d'ieras de secatges onte lei fruchs son estalats e regularament rasteladas. En quauquei jorns, la popa se desidrata e se desagrèga. Lei mesolhons ansin obtenguts son dichs « cafè clòsc ». Lo lavatge pertòca unicament lei fruchs ben madurs. Lo procès consistís, après aver romput l'envolopa de la popa, a laissar lei fruchs dins d'<a href="/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga">aiga</a>. Aquò entraïna una <a href="/wiki/Reaccion_quimica" title="Reaccion quimica">reaccion</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermentacion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermentacion (la pagina existís pas)">fermentacion</a> qu'assegura la degradacion de la popa. Aquò permet d'obtenir de cafès lavats que son generalament mens amars. Lei mesolhons ansin obtenguts son dichs « cafè parche ». </p><p>Que que siegue lo procès chausit, es generalament per una etapa de triada destinada a retirar lei fruchs porrits, descolorats ò damatjats. Dins leis installacions <a href="/wiki/Industria" class="mw-redirect" title="Industria">industrialas</a>, aquela operacion es normalament mecanizada amb l'ajuda de detectors. Pasmens, dins lei país en desvolopament, es encara sovent manuala. </p><p>Lo cafè pòu èsser conservat dins son clòsca durant un temps e certanei recòltas son volontàriament envielhidas per melhorar lo gost finau dau cafè. Puei, una operacion mecanica permet de descloscar lei grans e de'n retirar lo revestiment. Aquò permet d'obtenir lo « cafè verd ». Lei rèstas de la clòsca son generalament utilizadas coma <a href="/wiki/Combustible" title="Combustible">combustibles</a>. Lo cafè verd es lo produch escambiat sus lei mercats internacionaus. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coffee_drying_panama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Operacion de secatge"><img alt="Operacion de secatge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Coffee_drying_panama.jpg/120px-Coffee_drying_panama.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Coffee_drying_panama.jpg/180px-Coffee_drying_panama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Coffee_drying_panama.jpg/240px-Coffee_drying_panama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Operacion de secatge</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coffee_Drying_on_concrete_Patio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iera de secatge cubèrta de fruchs"><img alt="Iera de secatge cubèrta de fruchs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Coffee_Drying_on_concrete_Patio.jpg/120px-Coffee_Drying_on_concrete_Patio.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Coffee_Drying_on_concrete_Patio.jpg/180px-Coffee_Drying_on_concrete_Patio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Coffee_Drying_on_concrete_Patio.jpg/240px-Coffee_Drying_on_concrete_Patio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1842" data-file-height="1184" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Iera de secatge cubèrta de fruchs</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coffee_Processing_Seperation_vats.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Operacion de lavatge dins de bacins emplits d'aiga"><img alt="Operacion de lavatge dins de bacins emplits d'aiga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coffee_Processing_Seperation_vats.jpg/120px-Coffee_Processing_Seperation_vats.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coffee_Processing_Seperation_vats.jpg/180px-Coffee_Processing_Seperation_vats.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coffee_Processing_Seperation_vats.jpg/240px-Coffee_Processing_Seperation_vats.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4180" data-file-height="2266" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Operacion de lavatge dins de bacins emplits d'aiga</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coffee_sorting_process,_near_Hawasa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Triada manuala dei grans"><img alt="Triada manuala dei grans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg/120px-Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg/180px-Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg/240px-Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Triada manuala dei grans</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coffee_beans_unroasted.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grans de cafè verd"><img alt="Grans de cafè verd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Coffee_beans_unroasted.jpg/120px-Coffee_beans_unroasted.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Coffee_beans_unroasted.jpg/180px-Coffee_beans_unroasted.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Coffee_beans_unroasted.jpg/240px-Coffee_beans_unroasted.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1395" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Grans de cafè verd</div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_decafeïnacion"><span id="La_decafe.C3.AFnacion"></span>La decafeïnacion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modificar la seccion : La decafeïnacion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=11" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La decafeïnacion"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Una partida de la produccion de cafè verd es decafeïnada. Aquò permet au consumaire de profichar dau <a href="/wiki/Gost" title="Gost">gost</a> dau cafè sensa subir leis efiechs excitants engendrats per la <a href="/wiki/Cafe%C3%AFna" title="Cafeïna">cafeïna</a>. Plusors procès son estats desvolopats per assegurar aquela operacion. Pasmens, fau nòtar que lor eficacitat es limitada e que lei cafès « decafeïnats » gardan generalament de quantitats significativas de cafeïna<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Plusors tecnicas de decafeïnacion existisson. D'un biais generau, consistisson a trempar lei grans dins l'<a href="/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga">aiga</a>. Puei, la cafeïna es extrach per ajust d'un <a href="/wiki/Solvent" title="Solvent">solvent</a> <a href="/wiki/Quimia_organica" title="Quimia organica">organic</a> ò per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adsorpcion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adsorpcion (la pagina existís pas)">adsorpcion</a> sus carbon activat. Enfin, lei grans son tornarmai plaçats dins lo liquid apaurit en cafeïna per i tornar integrar leis autrei <a href="/wiki/Compausat_quimic" title="Compausat quimic">compausats</a>. Lo solvent chausit es generalament una <a href="/wiki/Molecula" title="Molecula">molecula</a> <a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%B2r" title="Clòr">clorada</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Clorof%C3%B2rme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clorofòrme (la pagina existís pas)">clorofòrme</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tricloroetan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tricloroetan (la pagina existís pas)">tricloroetan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diclorometan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diclorometan (la pagina existís pas)">diclorometan</a>, etc.) ò organica (<a href="/wiki/Benz%C3%A8n" title="Benzèn">benzèn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acetat_d%27etil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acetat d'etil (la pagina existís pas)">acetat d'etil</a>, etc.). Intra jamai en contacte amb lei grans, mai unicament amb l'<a href="/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga">aiga</a> utilizada per extraire la cafeïna. Es eliminat per <a href="/wiki/Destillacion" title="Destillacion">destillacion</a>. Un autre metòde major es l'utilizacion de <a href="/wiki/Dioxid_de_carb%C3%B2ni" title="Dioxid de carbòni">dioxid de carbòni</a> a l'estat <a href="/wiki/Fluid_supercritic" title="Fluid supercritic">supercritic</a>. Aquò es una tecnica pus recenta que sembla d'aver mens d'efiechs negatius per leis aròmas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_torrefaccion">La torrefaccion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modificar la seccion : La torrefaccion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=12" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La torrefaccion"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Torrefaccion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torrefaccion (la pagina existís pas)">Torrefaccion</a>.</div> <p>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Torrefaccion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torrefaccion (la pagina existís pas)">torrefaccion</a> es una operacion de grilhatge que permet de desvolopar l'aròma dei grans. Pèrdon alora son umiditat per prendre una <a href="/wiki/Color" title="Color">color</a> sorna e venir pus gròs. La coloracion finala es fòrça variabla e despend mai que mai de la durada de caufatge. L'objectiu es d'agantar una <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> interiora de 200 °C. Aquò favoriza la sortida deis òlis contengudas dins lo còr dau gran. Lo gost e sa complexitat despendon fòrça de la quantitat d'òli sortida. </p><p>Fins au sègle XIX, la torrefaccion èra realizada a domicili dins una <a href="/wiki/Sartan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sartan">sartan</a>. A aquela epòca, lei grans crompats èran verds. Uei, la torrefaccion es realizada dins de <a href="/wiki/Maquina" title="Maquina">maquinas</a> industrialas ò artesanalas e lei grans crompats son de grans torrats. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:75_degrees_green_coffee.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Grans de cafè verd"><img alt="Grans de cafè verd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/75_degrees_green_coffee.png/120px-75_degrees_green_coffee.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/75_degrees_green_coffee.png/180px-75_degrees_green_coffee.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/75_degrees_green_coffee.png/240px-75_degrees_green_coffee.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Grans de cafè verd</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:480_degrees_spanish_roast_coffee.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Grans de cafè negre torrat a 250 °C"><img alt="Grans de cafè negre torrat a 250 °C" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/480_degrees_spanish_roast_coffee.png/120px-480_degrees_spanish_roast_coffee.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/480_degrees_spanish_roast_coffee.png/180px-480_degrees_spanish_roast_coffee.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/480_degrees_spanish_roast_coffee.png/240px-480_degrees_spanish_roast_coffee.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Grans de cafè negre torrat a 250 °C</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Coffee_roaster_at_Crescent_Manufacturing_Company,_Seattle,_1908_(MOHAI_4484).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maquina de torrefaccion en 1908"><img alt="Maquina de torrefaccion en 1908" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Coffee_roaster_at_Crescent_Manufacturing_Company%2C_Seattle%2C_1908_%28MOHAI_4484%29.jpg/120px-Coffee_roaster_at_Crescent_Manufacturing_Company%2C_Seattle%2C_1908_%28MOHAI_4484%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Coffee_roaster_at_Crescent_Manufacturing_Company%2C_Seattle%2C_1908_%28MOHAI_4484%29.jpg/180px-Coffee_roaster_at_Crescent_Manufacturing_Company%2C_Seattle%2C_1908_%28MOHAI_4484%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Coffee_roaster_at_Crescent_Manufacturing_Company%2C_Seattle%2C_1908_%28MOHAI_4484%29.jpg/240px-Coffee_roaster_at_Crescent_Manufacturing_Company%2C_Seattle%2C_1908_%28MOHAI_4484%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="531" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Maquina de torrefaccion en <a href="/wiki/1908" class="mw-redirect" title="1908">1908</a></div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Machine_%C3%A0_torr%C3%A9fier.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Maquina de torrefaccion deis ans 1930"><img alt="Maquina de torrefaccion deis ans 1930" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Machine_%C3%A0_torr%C3%A9fier.png/74px-Machine_%C3%A0_torr%C3%A9fier.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Machine_%C3%A0_torr%C3%A9fier.png/111px-Machine_%C3%A0_torr%C3%A9fier.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Machine_%C3%A0_torr%C3%A9fier.png/148px-Machine_%C3%A0_torr%C3%A9fier.png 2x" data-file-width="1459" data-file-height="2364" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Maquina de torrefaccion deis <a href="/wiki/Ans_1930" title="Ans 1930">ans 1930</a></div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Arabica_roasted_coffe.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Maquina de torrefaccion modèrna"><img alt="Maquina de torrefaccion modèrna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Arabica_roasted_coffe.JPG/120px-Arabica_roasted_coffe.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Arabica_roasted_coffe.JPG/180px-Arabica_roasted_coffe.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Arabica_roasted_coffe.JPG/240px-Arabica_roasted_coffe.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Maquina de torrefaccion modèrna</div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_mòuta"><span id="La_m.C3.B2uta"></span>La mòuta</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modificar la seccion : La mòuta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=13" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La mòuta"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La mòuta dei grans torrats es la darriera etapa de la preparacion dau cafè. La finesa de la mòuta es un paramètre essenciau de la qualitat de la bevenda e deu èsser adaptada au metòde de confeccion. Se la durada d'exposicion a l'<a href="/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga">aiga</a> cauda es corta, una mòuta fina permet una liberacion deis aròmas. En revènge, se la durada de contacta es prolongada, una mòuta pus espessa permet d'evitar un cafè tròp impregnat, au gost fòrt e amar. </p><p>Lo cafè molinat s'oxida e pèrd rapidament seis aròmas quand es en contacte amb l'<a href="/wiki/Oxig%C3%A8n" title="Oxigèn">oxigèn</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Aire" title="Aire">aire</a>. Es donc generalament conselhat d'esperar lo quichaclau per molinar lei grans. Pasmens, aquò necessita de dispausar d'un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Molin_per_lo_caf%C3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molin per lo cafè (la pagina existís pas)">molin per lo cafè</a>. Aparegut en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> e dins l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Empèri Otoman</a> durant lo sègle XVII, aquel aparelh se difusèt dins leis ostaus europèus e nòrd-americans durant lo sègle XIX gràcias a la <a href="/wiki/Revolucion_Industriala" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolucion Industriala">Revolucion Industriala</a>. Per exemple, la fabricacion de molins per lo cafè foguèt un dei vectors de creissença de la companhiá <a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Dins aquò, dempuei leis <a href="/wiki/Ans_1970" title="Ans 1970">ans 1970</a>, lo desvolopament dei vendas de cafè ja molinat a entraïnat un declin dei molins. Per defugir un contacte amb l'aire, leis <a href="/wiki/Industria" class="mw-redirect" title="Industria">industriaus</a> condicionan aqueu cafè dins de saquets ermetics emplits d'un <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a> inèrts ò vuejats de son aire<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Moulin_%C3%A0_caf%C3%A9_Peugeot_-_face.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Molin per lo cafè"><img alt="Molin per lo cafè" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Moulin_%C3%A0_caf%C3%A9_Peugeot_-_face.jpg/120px-Moulin_%C3%A0_caf%C3%A9_Peugeot_-_face.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Moulin_%C3%A0_caf%C3%A9_Peugeot_-_face.jpg/180px-Moulin_%C3%A0_caf%C3%A9_Peugeot_-_face.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Moulin_%C3%A0_caf%C3%A9_Peugeot_-_face.jpg/240px-Moulin_%C3%A0_caf%C3%A9_Peugeot_-_face.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molin_per_lo_caf%C3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molin per lo cafè (la pagina existís pas)">Molin per lo cafè</a></div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:39_MOLINILLO.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Molin electric modèrne"><img alt="Molin electric modèrne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/39_MOLINILLO.jpg/120px-39_MOLINILLO.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/39_MOLINILLO.jpg/180px-39_MOLINILLO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/39_MOLINILLO.jpg/240px-39_MOLINILLO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Molin electric modèrne</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Kaffeefilter.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cafè molinat plaçat dins un filtre"><img alt="Cafè molinat plaçat dins un filtre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Kaffeefilter.jpg/120px-Kaffeefilter.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Kaffeefilter.jpg/180px-Kaffeefilter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Kaffeefilter.jpg/240px-Kaffeefilter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1075" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Cafè molinat plaçat dins un filtre</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Goudkleurige,_plastic_zak_VAN_NELLE%E2%80%99S_KOFFIE,_grootverbruik,_vacu%C3%BCm,_snelfilter_gemalen,_60_gram,_Engels,_objectnr_84013.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Saquet ermetic industriau destinat a protegir lo cafè molinat"><img alt="Saquet ermetic industriau destinat a protegir lo cafè molinat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Goudkleurige%2C_plastic_zak_VAN_NELLE%E2%80%99S_KOFFIE%2C_grootverbruik%2C_vacu%C3%BCm%2C_snelfilter_gemalen%2C_60_gram%2C_Engels%2C_objectnr_84013.JPG/90px-Goudkleurige%2C_plastic_zak_VAN_NELLE%E2%80%99S_KOFFIE%2C_grootverbruik%2C_vacu%C3%BCm%2C_snelfilter_gemalen%2C_60_gram%2C_Engels%2C_objectnr_84013.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Goudkleurige%2C_plastic_zak_VAN_NELLE%E2%80%99S_KOFFIE%2C_grootverbruik%2C_vacu%C3%BCm%2C_snelfilter_gemalen%2C_60_gram%2C_Engels%2C_objectnr_84013.JPG/135px-Goudkleurige%2C_plastic_zak_VAN_NELLE%E2%80%99S_KOFFIE%2C_grootverbruik%2C_vacu%C3%BCm%2C_snelfilter_gemalen%2C_60_gram%2C_Engels%2C_objectnr_84013.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Goudkleurige%2C_plastic_zak_VAN_NELLE%E2%80%99S_KOFFIE%2C_grootverbruik%2C_vacu%C3%BCm%2C_snelfilter_gemalen%2C_60_gram%2C_Engels%2C_objectnr_84013.JPG/180px-Goudkleurige%2C_plastic_zak_VAN_NELLE%E2%80%99S_KOFFIE%2C_grootverbruik%2C_vacu%C3%BCm%2C_snelfilter_gemalen%2C_60_gram%2C_Engels%2C_objectnr_84013.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Saquet ermetic industriau destinat a protegir lo cafè molinat</div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_preparacion_e_lo_servici_de_la_bevenda">La preparacion e lo servici de la bevenda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modificar la seccion : La preparacion e lo servici de la bevenda" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=14" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La preparacion e lo servici de la bevenda"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mai d'un biais existís per preparar la bevenda. Cada li conferís de proprietats organolepticas e de composicions particularas. Au mens sièis son relativament frequents : </p> <ul><li>lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8_instantan%C3%A8u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cafè instantanèu (la pagina existís pas)">cafè instantanèu</a> es una preparacion <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liofilizacion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liofilizacion (la pagina existís pas)">liofilizada</a>. Se presenta sota la forma d'una pouvera que fau simpletament dissòuvre dins una tassa d'aiga cauda. Aqueu tipe de cafè es aisat e rapid de preparar. Son transpòrt es egalament simple e es possible d'o condicionar dins de saquets ermetics, çò que permet d'o conservar lòngtemps. En revènge, es pas considerat coma la forma pus gostosa.</li> <li>la decoccion es lo metòde pus vièlh<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. S'utiliza encara per la preparacion dau <a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A8_turc" title="Cafè turc">cafè turc</a>. Una mòuta fòrça fina es mesclada amb d'<a href="/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga">aiga</a>. Puei, se fa prendre lo bolh a la preparacion. D'<a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%A8cia_(cosina)" title="Espècia (cosina)">espècias</a> i son de còps apondudas. La cafè ansin preparat es servit brutlant. Aqueu tipe de tecnica es demorat popular dins l'èx-<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Empèri Otoman</a>.</li> <li>l'infusion requièr l'usatge d'una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cafetiera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cafetiera (la pagina existís pas)">cafetiera de piston</a>. Dins un recipient de <a href="/wiki/Veire" title="Veire">veire</a>, un filtre sota forma de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piston (la pagina existís pas)">piston</a> permet la separacion de la raca e de la bevenda en l'isolant au fons dau recipient. Aqueu sistèma foguèt popular en <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a> après la <a href="/wiki/Segonda_Gu%C3%A8rra_Mondiala" title="Segonda Guèrra Mondiala">Segonda Guèrra Mondiala</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Es encara fòrça utilizat per lei professionaus desirós de gostar dins una usina de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Torrefaccion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torrefaccion (la pagina existís pas)">torrefaccion</a>. Necessita una mòuta grossiera per defugir lo passatge dei rèstas de grans dins lo beure.</li> <li>la lixiviacion es lo metòde utilizat amb lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cafetiera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cafetiera (la pagina existís pas)">cafetieras electricas modèrnas</a>. Lo cafè filtre es preparat en laissant passar lentament d'<a href="/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga">aiga</a> bolhenta dins un filtre emplit de cafè molinat.</li> <li>la percolacion es lo procès utilizats per lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cafetiera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cafetiera (la pagina existís pas)">cafetieras italianas</a>. Es una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liviviacion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liviviacion (la pagina existís pas)">liviviacion</a> menada per accion de vapor forçada. Lei cafetieras italianas son ansin constituïdas de dos compartiments separats per un pòrta-filtre que contèn una dòsi de cafè. Durant lo caufatge, una partida de l'<a href="/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga">aiga</a> presenta dins la cafetiera s'evapòra. La <a href="/wiki/Pression" title="Pression">pression</a> aumenta e entraïna la remontada de l'<a href="/wiki/Aiga" title="Aiga">aiga</a> vèrs lo filtre e lo cafè.</li> <li>la percolacion sota pression auta. La diferéncia amb la percolacion simpla es que la pression es establida gràcias a una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pompa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pompa (la pagina existís pas)">pompa</a>. Aquò permet una preparacion rapida de cafès dau tipe <a href="/w/index.php?title=Expresso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Expresso (la pagina existís pas)">expresso</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Produccion_e_consumacion">Produccion e consumacion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modificar la seccion : Produccion e consumacion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=15" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Produccion e consumacion"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo cafè es una marchandisa importanta amb un volum d'escambis estimats entre 5 e 20 miliards de <a href="/wiki/Dolar_estatsunidenc" title="Dolar estatsunidenc">dolars</a> segon leis annadas. Lei variacions despendon dei recòltas. Un minimom de 4,9 miliards de dolars foguèt enregistrat en <a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>-<a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a>, mai la <a href="/wiki/Chifra_d%27afaires" title="Chifra d'afaires">chifra d'afaires</a> dau sector agantèt 19,4 miliards de dolars en <a href="/wiki/2016" class="mw-redirect" title="2016">2016</a>. L'organizacion de la cafeïcultura es relativament simpla. Lo cafè verd es produch dins lei país dau Sud e <a href="/wiki/Exportacion" title="Exportacion">exportat</a> vèrs lei país dau Nòrd ont es transformat e consumat. Lei país productors son mai que mai de país situats dins la zòna intertropicala. I a de còps una especializacion dins la produccion d’<i>arabica</i> ò de <i>robusta</i>, mai fòrça país produson lei doas varietats. </p><p>La produccion mondiala de cafè es en aumentacion constanta. En <a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a>, èra de 4,77 milions de <a href="/wiki/Tona" title="Tona">tonas</a>. Aviá quasi doblat en <a href="/wiki/2013" class="mw-redirect" title="2013">2013</a> amb 8,92 milions de tonas. <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a> es lo premier productor istoric amb 2,96 milions de tonas produchas en <a href="/wiki/2013" class="mw-redirect" title="2013">2013</a>. <a href="/wiki/Col%C3%B3mbia" title="Colómbia">Colómbia</a> es un autre productor famós e lo cafè colombian representava mai de 15 % de la produccion mondiala dins leis <a href="/wiki/Ans_1980" title="Ans 1980">ans 1980</a>. Pasmens, son importància declinèt e, en <a href="/wiki/2013" class="mw-redirect" title="2013">2013</a>, Colómbia èra solament lo 4<sup>en</sup> productor mondiau amb 653 000 tonas. D'efiech, fòrça país an desvolopat una produccion de cafè per respòndre a una demanda totjorn creissenta. Ansin, en <a href="/wiki/2013" class="mw-redirect" title="2013">2013</a>, lo cafè consumat dins lo monde èra tanben originaris de <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> (1,461 milions de tonas), d'<a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (699 000 tonas), d'<a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">Índia</a> (318 000 tonas, d'<a href="/wiki/Onduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Onduras">Onduras</a> (274 000 tonas). <a href="/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia">Etiopia</a>, un actor reconegut per la <a href="/wiki/Qualitat" title="Qualitat">qualitat</a> de sei cafès, èra un productor mejan amb solament 270 000 tonas. </p><p>Totei leis importators importants de cafè son de país desvolopats. Lei cinc pus importants son leis <a href="/wiki/USA" class="mw-redirect" title="USA">Estats Units</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemanha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a>, <a href="/wiki/It%C3%A0lia" title="Itàlia">Itàlia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a>. Lei cors dau cafè son mai que mai fixats a la <a href="/wiki/Borsa_de_N%C3%B2va_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Borsa de Nòva York">borsa de Nòva York</a> per l’<i>arabica</i> e a aquela de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Borsa_de_Londres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Borsa de Londres (la pagina existís pas)">Londres</a> per lo <i>robusta</i>. En <a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a>, foguèt creada l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Assocacion_dei_Pa%C3%ADs_Productors_de_Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assocacion dei País Productors de Cafè (la pagina existís pas)">Assocacion dei País Productors de Cafè</a> per assaiar de mantenir de pretz auts. Pasmens, sei temptativas per regular lo mercat mau capitèron e entraïnèron de crisis economicas per la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cafe%C3%AFcultura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cafeïcultura (la pagina existís pas)">cafeïcultura</a>. De mai, es concurrenciada per l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Organizacion_Internacionala_dau_Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organizacion Internacionala dau Cafè (la pagina existís pas)">Organizacion Internacionala dau Cafè</a> que gropa 43 país productors e 33 país importators<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. L'objectiu d'aquela organizacion es de mantenir de pretz compatibles amb leis interès deis exportators e deis importators. D'ajudas <a href="/wiki/Tecnologia" title="Tecnologia">tecnologicas</a> e <a href="/wiki/Administracion" title="Administracion">administrativas</a> son tanben previstas per leis acòrdis de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Organizacion_Internacionala_dau_Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organizacion Internacionala dau Cafè (la pagina existís pas)">OIC</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Efiechs_sus_la_santat">Efiechs sus la santat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modificar la seccion : Efiechs sus la santat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=16" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Efiechs sus la santat"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Segon lei <a href="/wiki/Conoissen%C3%A7a" class="mw-redirect" title="Conoissença">conoissenças</a> actualas, una consumacion de cafè dins lei limits abituau presenta pas ò pauc de dangiers per l'<a href="/wiki/Homo_sapiens" title="Homo sapiens">èsser uman</a>. Au contrari, de dòsis de 3 a 4 tassas cada jorn serián susceptiblas de melhorar la <a href="/wiki/Santat" title="Santat">santat</a><sup id="cite_ref-Poole_et_al_2017_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poole_et_al_2017-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Entre lei beneficis principaus, se pòdon citar una reduccion dau taus de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malauti%C3%A1_cardiovasculara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malautiá cardiovasculara (la pagina existís pas)">malautiás cardiovascularas</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, una reduccion dau risc de <a href="/wiki/Diab%C3%A8ta_sucrat" title="Diabèta sucrat">diabèta de tipe II</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e una possibla reduccion de trebles mentaus coma la <a href="/wiki/Depression" title="Depression">depression</a><sup id="cite_ref-Poole_et_al_2017_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poole_et_al_2017-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Leis excepcions regardan una aumentacion dau risc de fracturas <a href="/wiki/%C3%92s" title="Òs">ossosas</a> en la <a href="/wiki/Femna" title="Femna">femna</a> e una aumentacion dau risc d'avòrtament ò de pes inferior a la normala dau ninet a la naissença. Se fau tanben nòtar qu'una consumacion normala de cafè permet de redurre lo risc d'aparicion de certanei <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A0ncer" title="Càncer">cancers</a>, en particular lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancer_dau_fetge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cancer dau fetge (la pagina existís pas)">cancer dau fetge</a> e lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cancer_de_l%27endom%C3%A8tre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cancer de l'endomètre (la pagina existís pas)">cancer de l'endomètre</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Auriá pas d'efiechs sus l'aparicion d'autrei cancers<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>En revènge, una consumacion excessiva de cafè es associada a una aumentacion dau risc de trebles mentaus<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, de problemas <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B2r" title="Còr">cardiacs</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e <a href="/wiki/Sist%C3%A8ma_digestiu" title="Sistèma digestiu">digestius</a>. Aquò es en partida una consequéncia de la <a href="/wiki/Toxicologia" title="Toxicologia">toxicitat</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Cafe%C3%AFna" title="Cafeïna">cafeïna</a>, mai d'autrei substàncias semblan tanben implicadas dins aquelei mecanismes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annèxas"><span id="Ann.C3.A8xas"></span>Annèxas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modificar la seccion : Annèxas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=17" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Annèxas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liames_intèrnes"><span id="Liames_int.C3.A8rnes"></span>Liames intèrnes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modificar la seccion : Liames intèrnes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=18" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Liames intèrnes"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cafe%C3%AFcultura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cafeïcultura (la pagina existís pas)">Cafeïcultura</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafei%C3%A8r" class="mw-redirect" title="Cafeièr">Cafeièr</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafe%C3%AFna" title="Cafeïna">Cafeïna</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8_instantan%C3%A8u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cafè instantanèu (la pagina existís pas)">Cafè instantanèu</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cafetiera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cafetiera (la pagina existís pas)">Cafetiera</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A8_turc" title="Cafè turc">Cafè turc</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mate" title="Mate">Mate</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A8" title="Tè">Tè</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torrefaccion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torrefaccion (la pagina existís pas)">Torrefaccion</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=19" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> Henri Jacques-Félix, <i>Le café</i>, Presses Universitaires de France, París, « coll. Que Sais-Je ? », 1968.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> Frédéric Mauro, <i>Histoire du café</i>, París, Desjonquères, 2002.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nòtas_e_referéncias"><span id="N.C3.B2tas_e_refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Nòtas e referéncias</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modificar la seccion : Nòtas e referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caf%C3%A8&action=edit&section=20" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Nòtas e referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> G.-E. Coubard d'Aulnay, <i>Monographie du café : ou, Manuel de l'amateur de café : ouvrage contenant la description et la culture du cafier, l'histoire du café, ses caractères commerciaux, sa préparation et ses propriétés</i>, Bouchard-Huzard, 1843, p. 11-12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> Michel Tuchscherer, <i>Le commerce du café avant l'ère des plantations coloniales : espaces, réseaux, sociétés (XVe – XIXe siècle)</i>, Institut français d'archéologie orientale, 2001, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Maria Elena Martinez-Torres, <i>Organic Coffee</i>, Ohio University, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> A. Charrier e J. Berthaud, « Botanical Classification of Coffee », dins M. H. Clifford e K. C. Wilson (dir.), <i>Coffee: Botany, Biochemistry and Production of Beans and Beverage</i>, Westport, AVI Publishing, 1985, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weinberg_e_Bealer_2001_pp._3-4-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Weinberg_e_Bealer_2001_pp._3-4_5-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Weinberg_e_Bealer_2001_pp._3-4_5-1">5,1</a></sup> et <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Weinberg_e_Bealer_2001_pp._3-4_5-2">5,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Bennett Alan Weinberg e Bonnie K. Bealer, <i>The World of Caffeine : The Science and Culture of the World's Most Popular Drug</i>, Routledge, 2001, pp. 3-4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> Michelle Jeanguyot, Martine Séguier-Guis e Daniel Duris, <i>Terres de café</i>, Éditions Quae, 2003, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> M. Th. Houtsma, A. J. Wensinck, T. W. Arnold, W. Heffening e E. Lévi-Provençal (dir.), « Ḳawah », <i>First Encyclopedia of Islam</i>, vol. IV, Brill, 1993, p. 631.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Antony Wild, <i>Coffee: A Dark History</i>, Fourth Estate, 2004, pp. 52-53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> Jean Costentin e Pierre Delaveau, <i>Café, thé, chocolat Les bienfaits pour le cerveau et le corps</i>, Odile Jacob, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> Gilles Bouvenot, « L'entrée du café à Marseille en 1644 et le débat médical qui s'ensuivit », <i>Bull. Acad. Natle. Méd</i>, 2016, vol. 200, n° 8-9, pp. 1700-1719.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pasmens, coma l'ofèrta foguèt jamai sufisenta, la cultura de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cic%C3%B2ri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cicòri (la pagina existís pas)">cicòri</a> conoguèt una certana creissença en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a>, especialament dins lo corrent dau sègle XIX.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> Robert del PICCHIA, <i>Projet de loi autorisant l'approbation de l'accord international de 2001 sur le café</i>, Rapport n° 19 (2004-2005), 13 octòbre 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> F. Meienberg e M. Zufferey, <i>Le café transgénique : une menace pour les petits paysans</i>, Déclaration de Berne & Swissaid, 2001.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sa cultura es tradicionala dins leis <a href="/wiki/Antilhas" title="Antilhas">Antilhas</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> e dins lei <a href="/wiki/Filipinas" title="Filipinas">Filipinas</a>. Sa plantacion se desvolopèt durant lo sègle XIX après d'epidèmias aguent devastat lei culturas de <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffea_arabica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffea arabica (la pagina existís pas)">Coffea arabica</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Aaron P Davis, Delphine Mieulet, Justin Moat, Daniel Sarmu e Jeremy Philip Haggar, « Arabica-like flavour in a heat-tolerant wild coffee species », <i>Nature Plants</i>, vol. 7, n° 4, 19 d'abriu de 2021, pp. 413-418.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> Razafindrambahy Razafindramamba, « Biologie de la rouille du Caféier », <i>Revue de Mycologie</i>, vol. 23, n° 2, 1958, pp. 177-200.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Stuart McCook, « Global rust belt: Hemileia vastatrix and the ecological integration of world coffee production since 1850 », <i>Journal of Global History</i>, vol. 1, 2006, pp. 177-195.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> M. G. R. Cannell, « Physiology of the coffee crop », dins M. N. Clifford and K. C. Wilson (dir.), <i>Coffee: Botany, Biochemistry and Production of Beans and Beverage</i>, Londres, Croom Helm, 1985, 457 p.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Generalament, de 10 % a 15 % de la quantitat iniciala.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> Jean-Paul Caracalla, <i>L'Aventure Peugeot</i>, Denoël, 1990, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lo vuege es un procès pus modèrne e, au començament dau sègle XXI, l'utilizacion de gas inèrts es venguda fòrça rara.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">(fr)</a></b> Alain Huetz de Lemps, <i>Boissons et civilisations en Afrique</i>, Bordèu, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2001, p. 509.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dins fòrça país, lei cafetieras de piston son dichas « cafetieras francesas » (<i>French press</i> en <a href="/wiki/America_dau_N%C3%B2rd" class="mw-redirect" title="America dau Nòrd">America dau Nòrd</a>, <i>cafeteira francesa</i> en <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a>, <i>cafetera francesa</i> en <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, etc.).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pasmens, se fau nòtar que lei 27 país de l'<a href="/wiki/Union_Europ%C3%A8a" title="Union Europèa">Union Europèa</a> son representats per una delegacion unica.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poole_et_al_2017-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Poole_et_al_2017_25-0">25,0</a></sup> et <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Poole_et_al_2017_25-1">25,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> R. Poole, O. J. Kennedy, P. Roderick, J. A. Fallowfield, P. C. Hayes e J. Parkes, « Coffee consumption and health: umbrella review of meta-analyses of multiple health outcomes », <i>British Medical Journal</i>, vol. 359, novembre de <a href="/wiki/2017" class="mw-redirect" title="2017">2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> E. Mostofsky, M. S. Rice, E. B. Levitan e M. A. Mittleman, « Habitual Coffee Consumption and Risk of Heart Failure: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis », <i>Circulation: Heart Failure</i>, vol. 5, n° 4, 2012, pp. 401–405.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Ming Ding, Shilpa N. Bhupathiraju, Mu Chen, Rob M. van Dam e Frank B. Hu, « Caffeinated and Decaffeinated Coffee Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and a Dose-Response Meta-analysis », <i>Diabetes Care</i>, vol. 37, n° 2, febrier de 2014, pp. 569–586.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> G. Grosso, A. Micek, S. Castellano, A. Pajak e F. Galvano, « Coffee, tea, caffeine and risk of depression: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies », <i>Molecular Nutrition and Food Research</i>, vol. 60, n° 1, genier de 2016, pp. 223-234.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Long-Gang Zhao, Zhuo-Ying Li, Guo-Shan Feng e Xiao-Wei Ji, « Coffee drinking and cancer risk: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies », <i>BMC cancer</i>, vol. 20, n° 1, febrier de 2020, p. 101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Francesca Bravi, Alessandra Tavani, Cristina Bosetti, Paolo Boffetta e Carlo La Vecchia, « Coffee and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic liver disease », <i>European Journal of Cancer Prevention</i>, vol. 26, n° 5, 2017, pp. 368–377.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Naping Tang, « Coffee consumption and risk of lung cancer: A meta-analysis », <i>Lung Cancer</i>, vol. 67, n° 1, genier de 2010, pp. 17–22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Shamima Akter, Ikuko Kashino, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Matsuo, Hidemi Ito, Kenji Wakai, Chisato Nagata, Tomio Nakayama, Atsuko Sadakane, Keitaro Tanaka, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Norie Sawada, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane e Shizuka Sasazuki, « Coffee drinking and colorectal cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review and meta-analysis among the Japanese population », <i>Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology</i>, vol. 46, n° 8, 12 de mai de 2016, pp. 781–787.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> F. Xie, D. Wang, Z. Huang e Y. Guo, « Coffee consumption and risk of gastric cancer: a large updated meta-analysis of prospective studies », <i>Nutrients</i>, vol. 6, n° 9, 2014, pp. 3734–3746.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Kitty Pham, Anwar Mulugeta, Ang Zhou, John T. O’Brien, David J. Llewellyn e Elina Hyppönen, « High coffee consumption, brain volume and risk of dementia and stroke », <i>Nutritional Neuroscience</i>, vol. 25, n° 10, 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> C. L. Leson et al., « Caffeine overdose in an adolescent male », <i>J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol</i>., vol. 26, n° 5-6, 1988, pp. 407–415.</span> </li> </ol> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Gastronomia" title="Portal de la gastronomia"><img alt="Portal de la gastronomia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cheese.svg/40px-Cheese.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cheese.svg/60px-Cheese.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cheese.svg/80px-Cheese.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Gastronomia" title="Portal:Gastronomia">Portal de la gastronomia</a></span> </span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Recuperada de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cafè&oldid=2455525">https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cafè&oldid=2455525</a> »</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias de la pagina</a> : <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_amb_mides_d%27imatge_que_contenen_px_addicionals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categoria:Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals (la pagina existís pas)">Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_redigit_en_proven%C3%A7au" title="Categoria:Article redigit en provençau">Article redigit en provençau</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Bevenda" title="Categoria:Bevenda">Bevenda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Estimulant" title="Categoria:Estimulant">Estimulant</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorias amagadas : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Bon_article_en_fin%C3%A9s" title="Categoria:Bon article en finés">Bon article en finés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Bon_article_en_karatcha%C3%AF_balkar" title="Categoria:Bon article en karatchaï balkar">Bon article en karatchaï balkar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Bon_article_en_norvegian" title="Categoria:Bon article en norvegian">Bon article en norvegian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_de_qualitat_en_tatar" title="Categoria:Article de qualitat en tatar">Article de qualitat en tatar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_de_qualitat_en_tai" title="Categoria:Article de qualitat en tai">Article de qualitat en tai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Bon_article_en_alemand" title="Categoria:Bon article en alemand">Bon article en alemand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_de_qualitat_en_bavar%C3%A9s" title="Categoria:Article de qualitat en bavarés">Article de qualitat en bavarés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_de_qualitat_en_yiddish" title="Categoria:Article de qualitat en yiddish">Article de qualitat en yiddish</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Portal:Gastronomia/Articles_ligats" title="Categoria:Portal:Gastronomia/Articles ligats">Portal:Gastronomia/Articles ligats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Refer%C3%A9ncia_qu%27utiliza_lo_mod%C3%A8l_Metaligam_cap_a_portal" title="Categoria:Referéncia qu'utiliza lo modèl Metaligam cap a portal">Referéncia qu'utiliza lo modèl Metaligam cap a portal</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Aquela pagina es estada modificada pel darrièr còp lo 23 novembre de 2024 a 16.42.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Drech_d%27autor" title="Wikipèdia:Drech d'autor">Drech d'autor</a> : Los tèxtes son disponibles jos <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licéncia Creative Commons paternitat pertatge a l’identic</a> ; d’autras condicions se pòdon aplicar. 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