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du">Share</p></div></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><p id="8e49" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">🎁 <strong class="mz gv">Happy </strong><a class="af nv" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outcome_bias" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank"><strong class="mz gv">Outcome Bias</strong></a><strong class="mz gv"> Wednesday, y’all!<br/></strong><em class="nw">Issue #151: getting real about how science works, and the value of doing nothing<br/>By </em><span class="is"><span class="is" aria-hidden="false"><a class="nx it fe" href="https://medium.com/u/11ba4fd53be0?source=post_page---user_mention--3d2f086b0af7--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><em class="nw">Scott Lamb</em></a></span></span></p><p id="83b3" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">It’s Hump Day for <a class="af nv" rel="noopener" href="/its-cognitive-bias-week-because-thinking-is-hard-156226b5a91d">Cognitive Bias Week</a>, and time to address one of the thornier issues of being a human and having a brain like ours: What to do when there’s not enough meaning.</p><p id="87cb" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">This feels like an existential issue for us, as it’s just hard-wired into our perception of reality: There’s so much information in the world, but we’re only able to perceive a tiny fraction of it, and we need to operate from there to make decisions and do things. This creates holes in our mental models, and our brains <em class="nw">hate </em>holes, and will do anything they can to fill them.</p><p id="6d02" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">One particular way we do this is forgetting that our current thinking doesn’t perfectly map to the past or future. This is especially tricky around decision-making — I’d like to introduce you now to our little friend, <a class="af nv" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outcome_bias" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">outcome bias</a>: <strong class="mz gv">When we judge the quality of our decision based on the outcome, rather than the quality of the decision-making</strong> (based on the available information we had at the time we made it). A quick example: A start-up founder who has a crazy idea for a product; regardless of the quality of her thinking, she’s a genius if it’s a success and a failure if it bombs.</p><p id="cec1" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">Why should you worry about outcome bias? <span class="is"><span class="is" aria-hidden="false"><a class="nx it fe" href="https://medium.com/u/2fccb851bb5e?source=post_page---user_mention--3d2f086b0af7--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Cassie Kozyrkov</a></span></span>, the former Chief Decision Scientist at Google, has written about this extensively over the years on Medium, and <a class="af nv" href="https://towardsdatascience.com/focus-on-decisions-not-outcomes-bf6e99cf5e4f" rel="noopener" target="_blank">sees it as an especially costly kind of cognitive bias</a>, and a threat to our ability to “promote and retain competent leaders.” It leads to more conservative decision-making when people are most afraid of the thing they can’t control, the outcome.</p><p id="9436" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk">So what can you do? Here are <a class="af nv" href="https://darrenmatthews.medium.com/3-simple-steps-to-help-you-overcome-outcome-bias-2b4117ec83c8?sk=v2%2F29059fb8-ab50-4723-9a81-e42ac056a91f" rel="noopener">three tips for mitigating outcome bias in your decisions</a>:</p><ul class=""><li id="a20a" class="mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu ny nz oa bk"><strong class="mz gv">Try to make fewer decisions</strong> — this can mean building more structure or delegating more often.</li><li id="9111" class="mx my gu mz b na ob nc nd ne oc ng nh ni od nk nl nm oe no np nq of ns nt nu ny nz oa bk"><strong class="mz gv">Focus on <em class="nw">how</em> you decide, not just wha</strong>t — keep a decision journal to help you track your process</li><li id="2a62" class="mx my gu mz b na ob nc nd ne oc ng nh ni od nk nl nm oe no np nq of ns nt nu ny nz oa bk"><strong class="mz gv">Only make good decisions</strong> — this doesn’t mean just ones with good outcomes!</li></ul><h1 id="d5c2" class="og oh gu bf oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd bk"><strong class="al">⚡ Lightning round: great, recent Medium stories in one sentence or less</strong></h1><ul class=""><li id="25c2" class="mx my gu mz b na pe nc nd ne pf ng nh ni pg nk nl nm ph no np nq pi ns nt nu ny nz oa bk">Professor of philosophy Soazig Le Bihan wants to help us all <a class="af nv" href="https://medium.com/aha-science/how-science-really-works-bb777c797825?sk=v2%2Fca1d036f-bf67-4693-abcc-0dc77ea31939" rel="noopener">set up better expectations around what science is (and isn’t)</a> — it’s best understood as a <strong class="mz gv">complex, collaborative, and occasionally fallible practice</strong> of trying to understand our complicated world, rather than something that can or should provide pure, precise, and definitive answers in all cases.</li><li id="cefe" class="mx my gu mz b na ob nc nd ne oc ng nh ni od nk nl nm oe no np nq of ns nt nu ny nz oa bk"><span class="is"><span class="is" aria-hidden="false"><a class="nx it fe" href="https://medium.com/u/95190323feab?source=post_page---user_mention--3d2f086b0af7--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Adam DeMartino</a></span></span>, the former founder and COO of mushroom company Smallhold, gives a pretty thorough accounting of what happened to his company after they<strong class="mz gv"> failed to make hard decisions early, took on venture capital, and eventually went into bankruptcy</strong> — all in all, <a class="af nv" href="https://medium.com/@adamdemartino/you-cant-eat-technology-325f604fe394" rel="noopener">a fascinating look at how one of the big business successes coming out of Covid failed spectacularly</a>.</li></ul><h1 id="8018" class="og oh gu bf oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd bk"><strong class="al">Your daily dose of practical wisdom: on doing nothing</strong></h1><p id="4b63" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na pe nc nd ne pf ng nh ni pg nk nl nm ph no np nq pi ns nt nu gn bk">The next time you’ve got a free ten minutes in your schedule, what if instead of quickly checking email or browsing the latest headlines, you simply… did nothing? <a class="af nv" href="https://jamesmatthewalston.medium.com/why-we-should-all-do-nothing-more-97cb7d81fcea" rel="noopener">There’s a lot of value to be had in just being alone with your thoughts</a> — it’s good for creativity, and lowering stress — so try to cultivate a mini-habit of doing nothing.</p></div></div></div><div class="ab cb pj pk pl pm" role="separator"><span class="pn by bm po pp pq"></span><span class="pn by bm po pp pq"></span><span class="pn by bm po pp"></span></div><div class="gn go gp gq gr"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><p id="92ad" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk"><em class="nw">Learn something new every day with the Medium Newsletter. </em><a class="af nv" href="https://medium.com/blog/newsletters/medium-daily-edition" rel="noopener"><em class="nw">Sign up here</em></a><em class="nw">.</em></p><p id="914a" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk"><em class="nw">Edited and produced by </em><span class="is"><span class="is" aria-hidden="false"><a class="nx it fe" href="https://medium.com/u/7428661d5cfd?source=post_page---user_mention--3d2f086b0af7--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><em class="nw">Harris Sockel</em></a></span></span><em class="nw"> & </em><span class="is"><span class="is" aria-hidden="false"><a class="nx it fe" href="https://medium.com/u/3c6a3fa3a112?source=post_page---user_mention--3d2f086b0af7--------------------------------" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><em class="nw">Carly Rose Gillis</em></a></span></span></p><p id="7bd0" class="pw-post-body-paragraph mx my gu mz b na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu gn bk"><em class="nw">Questions, feedback, or story suggestions? 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Lamb","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":9,"end":21,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOutcome_bias","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":124,"end":134,"href":null,"anchorType":"USER","userId":"11ba4fd53be0","linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":3,"end":40,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"EM","start":40,"end":134,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:fa6e8f986b07_2":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"fa6e8f986b07_2","name":"83b3","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"It’s Hump Day for Cognitive Bias Week, and time to address one of the thornier issues of being a human and having a brain like ours: What to do when there’s not enough meaning.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":18,"end":37,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fblog.medium.com\u002Fits-cognitive-bias-week-because-thinking-is-hard-156226b5a91d","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:fa6e8f986b07_3":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"fa6e8f986b07_3","name":"87cb","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"This feels like an existential issue for us, as it’s just hard-wired into our perception of reality: There’s so much information in the world, but we’re only able to perceive a tiny fraction of it, and we need to operate from there to make decisions and do things. This creates holes in our mental models, and our brains hate holes, and will do anything they can to fill them.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"EM","start":321,"end":326,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:fa6e8f986b07_4":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"fa6e8f986b07_4","name":"6d02","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"One particular way we do this is forgetting that our current thinking doesn’t perfectly map to the past or future. This is especially tricky around decision-making — I’d like to introduce you now to our little friend, outcome bias: When we judge the quality of our decision based on the outcome, rather than the quality of the decision-making (based on the available information we had at the time we made it). A quick example: A start-up founder who has a crazy idea for a product; regardless of the quality of her thinking, she’s a genius if it’s a success and a failure if it bombs.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":218,"end":230,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOutcome_bias","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":232,"end":342,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:fa6e8f986b07_5":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"fa6e8f986b07_5","name":"cec1","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Why should you worry about outcome bias? Cassie Kozyrkov, the former Chief Decision Scientist at Google, has written about this extensively over the years on Medium, and sees it as an especially costly kind of cognitive bias, and a threat to our ability to “promote and retain competent leaders.” It leads to more conservative decision-making when people are most afraid of the thing they can’t control, the outcome.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":41,"end":56,"href":null,"anchorType":"USER","userId":"2fccb851bb5e","linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":170,"end":224,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Ftowardsdatascience.com\u002Ffocus-on-decisions-not-outcomes-bf6e99cf5e4f","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:fa6e8f986b07_6":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"fa6e8f986b07_6","name":"9436","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"So what can you do? Here are three tips for mitigating outcome bias in your decisions:","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":29,"end":85,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fdarrenmatthews.medium.com\u002F3-simple-steps-to-help-you-overcome-outcome-bias-2b4117ec83c8?sk=v2%2F29059fb8-ab50-4723-9a81-e42ac056a91f","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:fa6e8f986b07_7":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"fa6e8f986b07_7","name":"a20a","type":"ULI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Try to make fewer decisions — this can mean building more structure or delegating more 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