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aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-詞源及使用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#詞源及使用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>詞源及使用</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-詞源及使用-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关詞源及使用子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-詞源及使用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-英文" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英文"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>英文</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英文-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中文" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中文"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>中文</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中文-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">事實</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。68种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B9%D8%A9" title="واقعة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="واقعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakt" title="Fakt – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fakt" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Факт – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Факт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Факт – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Факт" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="বাস্তব সত্য – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাস্তব সত্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fet_(filosofia)" title="Fet (filosofia) – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fet (filosofia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA" title="فاکت – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فاکت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakt" title="Fakt – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fakt" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kendsgerning" title="Kendsgerning – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kendsgerning" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatsache" title="Tatsache – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tatsache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fact" title="Fact – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fact" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakto" title="Fakto – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fakto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hecho_(filosof%C3%ADa)" title="Hecho (filosofía) – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hecho (filosofía)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakt" title="Fakt – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fakt" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faktu" title="Faktu – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Faktu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%AA" title="حقیقت – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حقیقت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosiasia" title="Tosiasia – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tosiasia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fait" title="Fait – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fait" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feito_(afirmaci%C3%B3n)" title="Feito (afirmación) – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Feito (afirmación)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%93%D7%94" title="עובדה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עובדה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="तथ्य – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तथ्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cinjenica" title="Činjenica – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Činjenica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9ny" title="Tény – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tény" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF" title="Փաստ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փաստ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakta" title="Fakta – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fakta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sta%C3%B0reynd" title="Staðreynd – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Staðreynd" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatto" title="Fatto – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fatto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8B%E5%AE%9F" title="事実 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="事実" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cara_(fact)" title="Cara (fact) – 吉库尤语" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Cara (fact)" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="吉库尤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Факт – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Факт" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%8B%A4" title="사실 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사실" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Факт – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Факт" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factum" title="Factum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Factum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakikya_(fact)" title="Fakikya (fact) – 卢干达语" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Fakikya (fact)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="卢干达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faktas" title="Faktas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Faktas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakts" title="Fakts – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fakts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Факт – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Факт" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%82" title="Баримт – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Баримт" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatt" title="Fatt – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Fatt" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feit" title="Feit – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Feit" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faktum" title="Faktum – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Faktum" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faktum" title="Faktum – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Faktum" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A5" title="ਤੱਥ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੱਥ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakt" title="Fakt – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fakt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="واقعیت – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="واقعیت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fato" title="Fato – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fato" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fapt" title="Fapt – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fapt" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Факт – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Факт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fattu" title="Fattu – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Fattu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Define:Fact" title="Define:Fact – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Define:Fact" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cinjenica" title="Činjenica – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Činjenica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fact" title="Fact – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fact" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakt" title="Fakt – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fakt" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idi" title="Idi – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Idi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaqiiq" title="Xaqiiq – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Xaqiiq" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakti" title="Fakti – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fakti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Чињеница – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Чињеница" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakta" title="Fakta – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Fakta" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faktum" title="Faktum – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Faktum" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="உண்மைச் செய்தி – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உண்மைச் செய்தி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olgu" title="Olgu – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Olgu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Факт – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Факт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakt" title="Fakt – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fakt" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BB%B1_th%E1%BA%ADt" title="Sự thật – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sự thật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8B%E5%AE%9E" title="事实 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="事实" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%98" title="פאקט – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פאקט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%AB-si%CC%8Dt" title="Sū-si̍t – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sū-si̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6" title="事實 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="事實" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188572#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 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.ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_English plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>可参照<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fact" class="extiw" title="en:Fact">英語維基百科</a>相應條目来扩充</b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%88%E5%88%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:翻译守则">参考外语维基百科扩充条目</a>。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%86%85%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" title="Wikipedia:在维基百科内复制内容">版权协议</a>，译文需<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81#翻譯文章" title="Wikipedia:編輯摘要">在编辑摘要注明来源</a>，或于讨论页顶部标记<code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Translated_page" title="Template:Translated page">Translated page</a>}}</code>标签。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>事實</b>是有關特定情況的一個或多個方面的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%90%86" title="真理">真實</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="數據">資料</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>或真實情形<sup id="cite_ref-moedict_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moedict-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>等。它可以指在過去已發生的事件，亦可指被驗證成立且中立的陳述；在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="科學">科學</a>中則指可被（重複）證明的概念<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E8%81%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="傳聞">傳聞</a>在本質上不同於歷史事實。事實也不同於<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E7%90%86" title="推理">推論</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="理論">理論</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%83%B9%E5%80%BC%E8%A7%80" title="價值觀">價值</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E9%AB%94" title="客體">客體</a>等<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>確認資訊的真實性的過程，被稱為<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6%E6%9F%A5%E6%A0%B8" title="事實查核">事實查核</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="詞源及使用"><span id=".E8.A9.9E.E6.BA.90.E5.8F.8A.E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8"></span>詞源及使用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：詞源及使用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="英文"><span id=".E8.8B.B1.E6.96.87"></span>英文</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：英文"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">查看<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8" title="维基词典">维基词典</a>中的词条「<b><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Fact" class="extiw" title="wikt:Fact">Fact</a></b>」。</div></div> </div> <p>英文的「<span lang="en">Fact</span>」一詞來自<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁文">拉丁文</a>中的<i>Factum</i>，在英文中首次使用時意思是「一件事已經完成或者演出（<span lang="en">a thing done or performed</span>）」，即是現時經已過時<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。從<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" class="mw-redirect" title="十六世紀">十六世紀</a>開始，意思是「事情真的發生」或者「是這樣」，是現時最常用的用法<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>「Fact」有時解作「現實」或是「<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%90%86" title="真理">真理</a>」，區別於「結論」及「意見」，例如「事實的問題」<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>及「……沒有歷史、不是事實，但是有想像力」。 </p><p>「事實」也包括「正在討論會是正確的問題」，例如有爭議的問題（例如：「問題的事實是……」）<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中文"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E6.96.87"></span>中文</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：中文"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">查看<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8" title="维基词典">维基词典</a>中的词条「<b><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/事實">事實</a></b>」。</div></div> </div> <p>在中文，「事實」意思是「事件真實的情形」。<sup id="cite_ref-moedict_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moedict-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">De facto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%8E%E8%A8%80" title="谎言">谎言</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/fact">Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words</a>. Dictionary.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-08-06</span>]</span> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6&rft.atitle=Dictionary.com+%7C+Meanings+%26+Definitions+of+English+Words&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dictionary.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Ffact&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-moedict-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-moedict_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-moedict_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moedict.tw/%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6">《教育部新編國語辭典》對「事實」的解釋</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-02-03</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210518084513/https://www.moedict.tw/%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6">存档</a>于2021-05-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E9%83%A8%E6%96%B0%E7%B7%A8%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E%E8%BE%AD%E5%85%B8%E3%80%8B%E5%B0%8D%E3%80%8C%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6%E3%80%8D%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8B&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moedict.tw%2F%25E4%25BA%258B%25E5%25AF%25A6&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210518084513/https://www.moedict.tw/%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190502092257/http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=fact">Definition from WordNetweb.Princeton</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-08-05</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=fact">原始内容</a>存档于2019-05-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6&rft.btitle=Definition+from+WordNetweb.Princeton&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwordnetweb.princeton.edu%2Fperl%2Fwebwn%3Fs%3Dfact&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190502092257/http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=fact">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fact">fact - Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-10-15</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201212202549/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fact">存档</a>于2020-12-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6&rft.btitle=fact+-+Definition+from+the+Merriam-Webster+Online+Dictionary&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Ffact&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201212202549/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fact">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMulliganCorreia2021" class="citation">Mulligan, Kevin; Correia, Fabrice, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2021/entries/facts/">Facts</a>, Zalta, Edward N. (编), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Winter 2021, Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2021 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-11-18</span>]</span>, <q>Facts, philosophers like to say, are opposed to theories and to values (cf. Rundle 1993) and are to be distinguished from things, in particular from complex objects, complexes and wholes, and from relations.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BA%8B%E5%AF%A6&rft.atitle=Facts&rft.au=Correia%2C+Fabrice&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.aulast=Mulligan&rft.btitle=The+Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.date=2021&rft.edition=Winter+2021&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pub=Metaphysics+Research+Lab%2C+Stanford+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Farchives%2Fwin2021%2Fentries%2Ffacts%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Fact". OED_2d_Ed_1989, (但注意不同用法: <i>after the fact</i>及<i>before the fact</i>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Fact" (1a). OED_2d_Ed_1989 Joye <i>Exp. Dan.</i> xi. Z vij b, <i>Let emprours and kinges know this godly kynges fact. 1545</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Fact" (4a) OED_2d_Ed_1989</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Fact" (6c). OED_2d_Ed_1989</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(參見"Matter" (2,6). Compact_OED)</span> </li> </ol></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Science-template.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="小作品圖示" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Science-template.svg/30px-Science-template.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Science-template.svg/45px-Science-template.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Science-template.svg/60px-Science-template.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td><td style="font-size:smaller">这是一篇與<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学">科学</a>相關的<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%B0%8F%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81" title="Wikipedia:小作品">小作品</a>。您可以通过<a class="external text" 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" title="哲學分析">分析</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90-%E7%B6%9C%E5%90%88%E5%8D%80%E5%88%A5" title="分析-綜合區別">分析-綜合區別</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E9%A9%97%E8%88%87%E5%BE%8C%E9%A9%97" title="先驗與後驗">先驗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="因果关系">因果</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E9%80%9A%E7%BA%A6%E6%80%A7_(%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6)" title="可通约性 (科学哲学)">可通约性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%A7%8B" title="建構">建構</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%92%E7%95%8C%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="划界问题">划界问题</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E8%AF%81%E6%8D%AE" title="经验证据">经验证据</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="解釋力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Explanatory power"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8A%E5%8A%9B" title="解释力">解釋力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explanatory_power" class="extiw" title="en:Explanatory power"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Explanatory power</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">事實</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%AF%81%E4%BC%AA%E6%80%A7" title="可证伪性">可证伪性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%91%E5%80%91%E7%8F%BE%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%8D%E7%9F%A5%E9%81%93%EF%BC%8C%E5%B0%87%E4%BE%86%E4%B9%9F%E4%B8%8D%E7%9F%A5%E9%81%93" title="我們現在不知道，將來也不知道">我們現在不知道，將來也不知道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%B3%E6%8E%A8%E7%90%86" title="归纳推理">归纳推理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="智巧" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ingenuity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%BA%E5%B7%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="智巧（页面不存在）">智巧</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenuity" class="extiw" title="en:Ingenuity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ingenuity</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="探究" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Inquiry"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A2%E7%A9%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="探究（页面不存在）">探究</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inquiry" class="extiw" title="en:Inquiry"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Inquiry</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科學探究模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Models of scientific inquiry"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E6%8E%A2%E7%A9%B6%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科學探究模型（页面不存在）">科學探究模型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Models_of_scientific_inquiry" class="extiw" title="en:Models of scientific inquiry"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Models of scientific inquiry</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="本性 (哲學)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nature (philosophy)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AC%E6%80%A7_(%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="本性 (哲學)（页面不存在）">本性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_(philosophy)" class="extiw" title="en:Nature (philosophy)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nature (philosophy)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E8%A7%80%E6%80%A7" title="客觀性">客觀性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%82%E5%AF%9F" title="观察">观察</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0_(%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%86%E8%AE%BA)" title="发现 (认识论)">发现</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E5%BC%8F" title="范式">范式</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="歸納問題" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Problem of induction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%92%E7%BA%B3%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="归纳问题">歸納問題</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_of_induction" class="extiw" title="en:Problem of induction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Problem of induction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科學解釋" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Models of scientific inquiry"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科學解釋（页面不存在）">科學解釋</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Models_of_scientific_inquiry" class="extiw" title="en:Models of scientific inquiry"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Models of scientific inquiry</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E8%A7%84%E5%BE%8B" title="科学规律">定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95" title="科学方法">科学方法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="科学革命">科学革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="科学理论">科学理论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E6%B8%AC%E8%A9%A6%E6%80%A7" title="可測試性">可測試性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="选择理论">选择理论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%85%85%E5%88%86%E6%B1%BA%E5%AE%9A%E8%AB%96" title="不充分決定論">不充分決定論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E8%AE%BA" title="科学统一论">科学统一论</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5ECB1; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="Category:科學元理論">科學元理論</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="驗證整體論" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Confirmation holism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%97%E8%AD%89%E6%95%B4%E9%AB%94%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="驗證整體論（页面不存在）">驗證整體論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confirmation_holism" class="extiw" title="en:Confirmation holism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Confirmation holism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%90%86%E8%9E%8D%E8%B2%AB%E8%AB%96" title="真理融貫論">真理融貫論</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="語境主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Contextualism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="语境主义">語境主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contextualism" class="extiw" title="en:Contextualism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Contextualism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="傳統主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Conventionalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="传统主义">傳統主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventionalism" class="extiw" title="en:Conventionalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Conventionalism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="演繹的法則的" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Deductive-nomological model"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BC%94%E7%B9%B9%E7%9A%84%E6%B3%95%E5%89%87%E7%9A%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="演繹的法則的（页面不存在）">演繹的法則的</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deductive-nomological_model" class="extiw" title="en:Deductive-nomological model"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Deductive-nomological model</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9E%E8%AF%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="实证主义">实证主义</a>-<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%98%E5%8E%9F%E8%AE%BA" title="还原论">还原论</a>-<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%BA%E5%AE%9A%E8%AB%96" title="決定論">決定論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%AC%AC%E8%AB%96" title="可謬論">可謬論</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="基礎主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Foundationalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="基础主义">基礎主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundationalism" class="extiw" title="en:Foundationalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Foundationalism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="假設－演繹模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hypothetico-deductive model"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%87%E8%A8%AD%EF%BC%8D%E6%BC%94%E7%B9%B9%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="假設－演繹模型（页面不存在）">假設－演繹模型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothetico-deductive_model" class="extiw" title="en:Hypothetico-deductive model"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hypothetico-deductive model</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="無限主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Infinitism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E9%99%90%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="無限主義（页面不存在）">無限主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinitism" class="extiw" title="en:Infinitism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Infinitism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="工具主義">工具主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="实用主义">实用主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="理性主义">理性主义</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="经验主义">经验主义</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科學理論的接受觀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Received view of theories"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96%E7%9A%84%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%97%E8%A7%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科學理論的接受觀（页面不存在）">科學理論的接受觀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Received_view_of_theories" class="extiw" title="en:Received view of theories"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Received view of theories</span></a></span>）</span></span> / <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科學理論的語義觀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Semantic view of theories"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96%E7%9A%84%E8%AA%9E%E7%BE%A9%E8%A7%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科學理論的語義觀（页面不存在）">語義觀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_view_of_theories" class="extiw" title="en:Semantic view of theories"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Semantic view of theories</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%AF%A6%E5%9C%A8%E8%AB%96" title="科學實在論">科學實在論</a> / <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="反實在論" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Anti-realism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%AF%A6%E5%9C%A8%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反實在論（页面不存在）">反實在論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-realism" class="extiw" title="en:Anti-realism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Anti-realism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="科学主义">科学主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="自然主义">自然主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%80%E7%96%91%E8%AE%BA" title="怀疑论">怀疑论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%87%E8%AE%8A%E8%AB%96" title="均變論">均變論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%BB%E5%8A%9B%E8%AB%96" title="活力論">活力論</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5ECB1; text-align:center;">科學哲學<br />相關條目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%86%E8%AE%BA" title="认识论">认识论</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科學哲學史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History and philosophy of science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科學哲學史（页面不存在）">科學哲學史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_philosophy_of_science" class="extiw" title="en:History and philosophy of science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History and philosophy of science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="科学史">科学史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="物理哲学">物理哲学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="熱力學和統計物理哲學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Philosophy of thermal and statistical physics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8%E5%92%8C%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熱力學和統計物理哲學（页面不存在）">熱力學和統計物理哲學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_thermal_and_statistical_physics" class="extiw" title="en:Philosophy of thermal and statistical physics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Philosophy of thermal and statistical physics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="化学哲学">化学哲学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="生物學哲學">生物學哲學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3%E5%8F%B2" title="演化思想史">演化思想史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="環境哲學">環境哲學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="時間和空間哲學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Philosophy of space and time"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E5%92%8C%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="時間和空間哲學（页面不存在）">時間和空間哲學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_space_and_time" class="extiw" title="en:Philosophy of space and time"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Philosophy of space and time</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="神經科學哲學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Neurophilosophy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="神經科學哲學（页面不存在）">神經科學哲學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurophilosophy" class="extiw" title="en:Neurophilosophy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Neurophilosophy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E7%81%B5%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="心灵哲学">心灵哲学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="心理學哲學">心理學哲學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="感知哲學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Philosophy of perception"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%9F%E7%9F%A5%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="感知哲學（页面不存在）">感知哲學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_perception" class="extiw" title="en:Philosophy of perception"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Philosophy of perception</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="人工智能哲學">人工智能哲學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="計算機科學哲學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Philosophy of computer science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="計算機科學哲學（页面不存在）">計算機科學哲學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_computer_science" class="extiw" title="en:Philosophy of computer science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Philosophy of computer science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="資訊哲學">資訊哲學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技術哲學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Philosophy of technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="技术哲学">技術哲學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Philosophy of technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Philosophy of technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社會科學哲學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Philosophy of social science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社會科學哲學（页面不存在）">社會科學哲學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_social_science" class="extiw" title="en:Philosophy of social science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Philosophy of social science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="伪科学">伪科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="宗教与科学">宗教与科学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科學修辭學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rhetoric of science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E4%BF%AE%E8%BE%AD%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科學修辭學（页面不存在）">科學修辭學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhetoric_of_science" class="extiw" title="en:Rhetoric of science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rhetoric of science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="科学知识社会学">科学知识社会学</a></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科學哲學條目列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Index of philosophy of science articles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科學哲學條目列表（页面不存在）">更多...</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_philosophy_of_science_articles" class="extiw" title="en:Index of philosophy of science articles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Index of philosophy of science articles</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5ECB1; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="Category:科学哲学家">科学哲学家</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FAFACA; text-align:center;">古典时期</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BE" title="柏拉图">柏拉图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亚里士多德">亚里士多德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%A3%81%E9%B8%A0%E9%B2%81" title="伊壁鸠鲁">伊壁鸠鲁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E8%91%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="斯多葛主義">斯多葛主義</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FAFACA; text-align:center;">中世纪</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%AD%E5%85%8B%E6%89%98%E7%9A%84%E4%BC%91%E6%A0%BC" title="聖維克托的休格">聖維克托的休格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%9F%B9%E6%A0%B9" title="罗吉尔·培根">罗吉尔·培根</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E9%AD%AF%E4%B8%96%E5%BE%B7" title="伊本·魯世德">伊本·魯世德</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="多明尼库斯·贡狄萨利奴斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dominicus Gundissalinus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E6%98%8E%E5%B0%BC%E5%BA%93%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%B4%A1%E7%8B%84%E8%90%A8%E5%88%A9%E5%A5%B4%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多明尼库斯·贡狄萨利奴斯（页面不存在）">多明尼库斯·贡狄萨利奴斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominicus_Gundissalinus" class="extiw" title="en:Dominicus Gundissalinus"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dominicus Gundissalinus</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="羅伯特·基爾沃比" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Robert Kilwardby"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%9F%BA%E7%88%BE%E6%B2%83%E6%AF%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="羅伯特·基爾沃比（页面不存在）">羅伯特·基爾沃比</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kilwardby" class="extiw" title="en:Robert Kilwardby"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Robert Kilwardby</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%8D%A1%E5%A7%86%E7%9A%84%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89" title="奥卡姆的威廉">奥卡姆的威廉</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FAFACA; text-align:center;">近代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%9F%B9%E6%A0%B9" title="弗朗西斯·培根">弗朗西斯·培根</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E4%BC%BD%E6%A1%91%E7%8B%84" title="皮埃尔·伽桑狄">皮埃尔·伽桑狄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%92%E5%86%85%C2%B7%E7%AC%9B%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94" title="勒内·笛卡尔">勒内·笛卡尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%C2%B7%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E8%8E%B1" title="伽利略·伽利莱">伽利略·伽利莱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" title="托马斯·霍布斯">托马斯·霍布斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF" title="艾萨克·牛顿">艾萨克·牛顿</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FAFACA; text-align:center;">18~19世纪</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9B%BC%E5%8A%AA%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%BA%B7%E5%BE%B7" title="伊曼努尔·康德">伊曼努尔·康德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E8%B0%A2%E6%9E%97" title="弗里德里希·谢林">弗里德里希·谢林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%83%A0%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE" title="威廉·惠威爾">威廉·惠威爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%AD%94%E5%BE%B7" title="奥古斯特·孔德">奥古斯特·孔德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%AF%86%E5%B0%94" title="约翰·斯图尔特·密尔">约翰·斯图尔特·密尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%BE%E5%A1%9E" title="赫伯特·斯宾塞">赫伯特·斯宾塞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%E7%89%B9" title="威廉·冯特">威廉·冯特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%A1%91%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%9A%AE%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" title="查尔斯·桑德斯·皮尔士">查尔斯·桑德斯·皮尔士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%96%87%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E7%8F%AD" title="威廉·文德尔班">威廉·文德尔班</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E9%BE%90%E5%8A%A0%E8%90%8A" title="亨利·龐加萊">亨利·龐加萊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E6%98%82" title="皮埃尔·迪昂">皮埃尔·迪昂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E6%B3%B0%E7%BA%B3" title="鲁道夫·施泰纳">鲁道夫·施泰纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%9A%AE%E5%B0%94%E9%80%8A" title="卡尔·皮尔逊">卡尔·皮尔逊</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FAFACA; text-align:center;">科学哲学创立</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%94" title="卡尔·波普尔">卡尔·波普尔</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="查理·鄧巴·博爾德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="C. D. Broad"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%C2%B7%E9%84%A7%E5%B7%B4%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="查理·鄧巴·博爾德（页面不存在）">查理·鄧巴·博爾德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._D._Broad" class="extiw" title="en:C. D. Broad"><span lang="en" dir="auto">C. D. Broad</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E5%9B%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦">阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E6%81%A9" title="托马斯·库恩">托马斯·库恩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%8D%A1%E6%89%98%E4%BB%80%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E5%A7%86%E9%9B%B7" title="拉卡托什·伊姆雷">拉卡托什·伊姆雷</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FAFACA; text-align:center;">其他<br />现代哲学家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="分析哲學">分析哲學</a></b>：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%AB%BE%E6%80%9D%C2%B7%E6%87%B7%E7%89%B9%E9%BB%91%E5%BE%B7" title="阿爾弗雷德·諾思·懷特黑德">阿爾弗雷德·諾思·懷特黑德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%85%B0%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E7%B4%A0" title="伯特兰·罗素">伯特兰·罗素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%94" title="卡尔·亨普尔">卡尔·亨普尔</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E7%89%B9%E8%90%8A%E7%89%B9_(%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6)" title="南希·卡特萊特 (哲學家)">南希·卡特萊特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%8C%83%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E8%92%AF%E5%9B%A0" title="威拉德·范·奥曼·蒯因">威拉德·范·奥曼·蒯因</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E9%82%A6%E6%A0%BC" title="马里奥·邦格">马里奥·邦格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%8A%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="罗伊·巴斯卡">罗伊·巴斯卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%9C%96%C2%B7%E7%B4%90%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="奧圖·紐拉特">奧圖·紐拉特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E6%99%AE" title="鲁道夫·卡尔纳普">鲁道夫·卡尔纳普</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E8%B4%B9%E8%80%B6%E9%98%BF%E6%9C%AC%E5%BE%B7" title="保罗·费耶阿本德">保罗·费耶阿本德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E7%89%B9" title="丹尼爾·丹尼特">丹尼爾·丹尼特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%AD%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E8%90%8A%E5%85%8B" title="路德維克·弗萊克">路德維克·弗萊克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%81%A9%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E9%87%91" title="伊恩·哈金">伊恩·哈金</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E5%9F%BA%E5%BD%BB" title="菲利普·基彻">菲利普·基彻</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#F2DE79;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:科學哲學（页面不存在）">主題</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="Category:科學哲學">分類</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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