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5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/bake/ title="docker buildx bake">docker buildx bake</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/build/ title="docker buildx build">docker buildx build</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/create/ title="docker buildx create">docker buildx create</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex 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4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/debug/build/ title="docker buildx debug build">docker buildx debug build</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/du/ title="docker buildx du">docker buildx du</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/history/>docker buildx history</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span 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open">docker buildx history open</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/history/rm/ title="docker buildx history rm">docker buildx history rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/history/trace/ title="docker buildx history trace">docker buildx history trace</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/imagetools/>docker buildx imagetools</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/imagetools/create/ title="docker buildx imagetools create">docker buildx imagetools create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/imagetools/inspect/ title="docker buildx imagetools inspect">docker buildx imagetools inspect</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/inspect/ title="docker buildx inspect">docker buildx inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/ls/ title="docker buildx ls">docker buildx ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/prune/ title="docker buildx prune">docker buildx prune</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/rm/ title="docker buildx rm">docker buildx rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/stop/ title="docker buildx stop">docker buildx stop</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/use/ title="docker buildx use">docker buildx use</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/buildx/version/ title="docker buildx version">docker buildx version</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/checkpoint/>docker checkpoint</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/checkpoint/create/ title="docker checkpoint create">docker checkpoint create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/checkpoint/ls/ title="docker checkpoint ls">docker checkpoint ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/checkpoint/rm/ title="docker checkpoint rm">docker checkpoint rm</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/>docker compose</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/alpha/>docker compose alpha</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/alpha/dry-run/ title="docker compose alpha dry-run">docker compose alpha dry-run</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/alpha/publish/ title="docker compose alpha publish">docker compose alpha publish</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/alpha/scale/ title="docker compose alpha scale">docker compose alpha scale</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/alpha/viz/ title="docker compose alpha viz">docker compose alpha viz</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/build/ title="docker compose build">docker compose build</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/config/ title="docker compose config">docker compose config</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/cp/ title="docker compose cp">docker compose cp</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/create/ title="docker compose create">docker compose create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/down/ title="docker compose down">docker compose down</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/events/ title="docker compose events">docker compose events</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/exec/ title="docker compose exec">docker compose exec</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/images/ title="docker compose images">docker compose images</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/kill/ title="docker compose kill">docker compose kill</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/logs/ title="docker compose logs">docker compose logs</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/ls/ title="docker compose ls">docker compose ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/pause/ title="docker compose pause">docker compose pause</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/port/ title="docker compose port">docker compose port</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/ps/ title="docker compose ps">docker compose ps</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/pull/ title="docker compose pull">docker compose pull</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/push/ title="docker compose push">docker compose push</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/restart/ title="docker compose restart">docker compose restart</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/rm/ title="docker compose rm">docker compose rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/run/ title="docker compose run">docker compose run</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/start/ title="docker compose start">docker compose start</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/stop/ title="docker compose stop">docker compose stop</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/top/ title="docker compose top">docker compose top</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/unpause/ title="docker compose unpause">docker compose unpause</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/up/ title="docker compose up">docker compose up</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/version/ title="docker compose version">docker compose version</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/wait/ title="docker compose wait">docker compose wait</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/watch/ title="docker compose watch">docker compose watch</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/config/>docker config</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/config/create/ title="docker config create">docker config create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/config/inspect/ title="docker config inspect">docker config inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/config/ls/ title="docker config ls">docker config ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/config/rm/ title="docker config rm">docker config rm</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/>docker container</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/attach/ title="docker container attach">docker container attach</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/commit/ title="docker container commit">docker container commit</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/cp/ title="docker container cp">docker container cp</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/create/ title="docker container create">docker container create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/diff/ title="docker container diff">docker container diff</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/exec/ title="docker container exec">docker container exec</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/export/ title="docker container export">docker container export</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/inspect/ title="docker container inspect">docker container inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/kill/ title="docker container kill">docker container kill</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/logs/ title="docker container logs">docker container logs</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/ls/ title="docker container ls">docker container ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/pause/ title="docker container pause">docker container pause</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/port/ title="docker container port">docker container port</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/prune/ title="docker container prune">docker container prune</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/rename/ title="docker container rename">docker container rename</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/restart/ title="docker container restart">docker container restart</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/rm/ title="docker container rm">docker container rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/run/ title="docker container run">docker container run</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/start/ title="docker container start">docker container start</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/stats/ title="docker container stats">docker container stats</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/stop/ title="docker container stop">docker container stop</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/top/ title="docker container top">docker container top</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/unpause/ title="docker container unpause">docker container unpause</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/update/ title="docker container update">docker container update</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/wait/ title="docker container wait">docker container wait</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/context/>docker context</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/context/create/ title="docker context create">docker context create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/context/export/ title="docker context export">docker context export</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/context/import/ title="docker context import">docker context import</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/context/inspect/ title="docker context inspect">docker context inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/context/ls/ title="docker context ls">docker context ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/context/rm/ title="docker context rm">docker context rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/context/show/ title="docker context show">docker context show</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/context/update/ title="docker context update">docker context update</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/context/use/ title="docker context use">docker context use</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/debug/ title="docker debug">docker debug</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/desktop/>docker desktop (Beta)</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/desktop/engine/>docker desktop engine</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/desktop/engine/ls/ title="docker desktop engine ls">docker desktop engine ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/desktop/engine/use/ title="docker desktop engine use">docker desktop engine use</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/desktop/restart/ title="docker desktop restart">docker desktop restart</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/desktop/start/ title="docker desktop start">docker desktop start</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/desktop/status/ title="docker desktop status">docker desktop status</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/desktop/stop/ title="docker desktop stop">docker desktop stop</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/desktop/update/ title="docker desktop update">docker desktop update</a></li></ul></li><li class="px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=/reference/cli/docker/container/exec/ title="docker exec">docker exec</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/>docker image</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/history/ title="docker image history">docker image history</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/import/ title="docker image import">docker image import</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/inspect/ title="docker image inspect">docker image inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/load/ title="docker image load">docker image load</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/ls/ title="docker image ls">docker image ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/prune/ title="docker image prune">docker image prune</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/pull/ title="docker image pull">docker image pull</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/push/ title="docker image push">docker image push</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/rm/ title="docker image rm">docker image rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/save/ title="docker image save">docker image save</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/image/tag/ title="docker image tag">docker image tag</a></li></ul></li><li class="px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=/reference/cli/docker/image/ls/ title="docker images">docker images</a></li><li class="px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=/reference/cli/docker/system/info/ title="docker info">docker info</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/init/ title="docker init">docker init</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/inspect/ title="docker inspect">docker inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/login/ title="docker login">docker login</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/logout/ title="docker logout">docker logout</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/manifest/>docker manifest</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/manifest/annotate/ title="docker manifest annotate">docker manifest annotate</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/manifest/create/ title="docker manifest create">docker manifest create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/manifest/inspect/ title="docker manifest inspect">docker manifest inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/manifest/push/ title="docker manifest push">docker manifest push</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/manifest/rm/ title="docker manifest rm">docker manifest rm</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/network/>docker network</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/network/connect/ title="docker network connect">docker network connect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/network/create/ title="docker network create">docker network create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/network/disconnect/ title="docker network disconnect">docker network disconnect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/network/inspect/ title="docker network inspect">docker network inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/network/ls/ title="docker network ls">docker network ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/network/prune/ title="docker network prune">docker network prune</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/network/rm/ title="docker network rm">docker network rm</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/node/>docker node</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/node/demote/ title="docker node demote">docker node demote</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/node/inspect/ title="docker node inspect">docker node inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/node/ls/ title="docker node ls">docker node ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/node/promote/ title="docker node promote">docker node promote</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/node/ps/ title="docker node ps">docker node ps</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/node/rm/ title="docker node rm">docker node rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/node/update/ title="docker node update">docker node update</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/>docker plugin</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/create/ title="docker plugin create">docker plugin create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/disable/ title="docker plugin disable">docker plugin disable</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/enable/ title="docker plugin enable">docker plugin enable</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/inspect/ title="docker plugin inspect">docker plugin inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/install/ title="docker plugin install">docker plugin install</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/ls/ title="docker plugin ls">docker plugin ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/push/ title="docker plugin push">docker plugin push</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/rm/ title="docker plugin rm">docker plugin rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/set/ title="docker plugin set">docker plugin set</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/plugin/upgrade/ title="docker plugin upgrade">docker plugin upgrade</a></li></ul></li><li class="px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=/reference/cli/docker/container/ls/ title="docker ps">docker ps</a></li><li class="px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=/reference/cli/docker/image/pull/ title="docker pull">docker pull</a></li><li class="px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=/reference/cli/docker/image/push/ title="docker push">docker push</a></li><li class="px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=/reference/cli/docker/container/run/ title="docker run">docker run</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/>docker scout</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/attestation/>docker scout attestation</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/attestation/add/ title="docker scout attestation add">docker scout attestation add</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/cache/>docker scout cache</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/cache/df/ title="docker scout cache df">docker scout cache df</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/cache/prune/ title="docker scout cache prune">docker scout cache prune</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/compare/ title="docker scout compare">docker scout compare</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/config/ title="docker scout config">docker scout config</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/cves/ title="docker scout cves">docker scout cves</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/enroll/ title="docker scout enroll">docker scout enroll</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/environment/ title="docker scout environment">docker scout environment</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/integration/>docker scout integration</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/integration/configure/ title="docker scout integration configure">docker scout integration configure</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/integration/delete/ title="docker scout integration delete">docker scout integration delete</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/integration/list/ title="docker scout integration list">docker scout integration list</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/policy/ title="docker scout policy">docker scout policy</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/push/ title="docker scout push">docker scout push</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/quickview/ title="docker scout quickview">docker scout quickview</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/recommendations/ title="docker scout recommendations">docker scout recommendations</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/repo/>docker scout repo</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/repo/disable/ title="docker scout repo disable">docker scout repo disable</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/repo/enable/ title="docker scout repo enable">docker scout repo enable</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/repo/list/ title="docker scout repo list">docker scout repo list</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/sbom/ title="docker scout sbom">docker scout sbom</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/stream/ title="docker scout stream">docker scout stream</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/version/ title="docker scout version">docker scout version</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/scout/watch/ title="docker scout watch">docker scout watch</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/search/ title="docker search">docker search</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/secret/>docker secret</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/secret/create/ title="docker secret create">docker secret create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/secret/inspect/ title="docker secret inspect">docker secret inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/secret/ls/ title="docker secret ls">docker secret ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/secret/rm/ title="docker secret rm">docker secret rm</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/service/>docker service</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/service/create/ title="docker service create">docker service create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/service/inspect/ title="docker service inspect">docker service inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/service/logs/ title="docker service logs">docker service logs</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/service/ls/ title="docker service ls">docker service ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/service/ps/ title="docker service ps">docker service ps</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/service/rm/ title="docker service rm">docker service rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/service/rollback/ title="docker service rollback">docker service rollback</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/service/scale/ title="docker service scale">docker service scale</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/service/update/ title="docker service update">docker service update</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/stack/>docker stack</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/stack/config/ title="docker stack config">docker stack config</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/stack/deploy/ title="docker stack deploy">docker stack deploy</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/stack/ls/ title="docker stack ls">docker stack ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/stack/ps/ title="docker stack ps">docker stack ps</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/stack/rm/ title="docker stack rm">docker stack rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/stack/services/ title="docker stack services">docker stack services</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/swarm/>docker swarm</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/swarm/ca/ title="docker swarm ca">docker swarm ca</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/swarm/init/ title="docker swarm init">docker swarm init</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/swarm/join/ title="docker swarm join">docker swarm join</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/swarm/join-token/ title="docker swarm join-token">docker swarm join-token</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/swarm/leave/ title="docker swarm leave">docker swarm leave</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/swarm/unlock/ title="docker swarm unlock">docker swarm unlock</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/swarm/unlock-key/ title="docker swarm unlock-key">docker swarm unlock-key</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/swarm/update/ title="docker swarm update">docker swarm update</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/system/>docker system</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/system/df/ title="docker system df">docker system df</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/system/events/ title="docker system events">docker system events</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/system/info/ title="docker system info">docker system info</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/system/prune/ title="docker system prune">docker system prune</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/trust/>docker trust</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/trust/inspect/ title="docker trust inspect">docker trust inspect</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/trust/key/>docker trust key</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/trust/key/generate/ title="docker trust key generate">docker trust key generate</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/trust/key/load/ title="docker trust key load">docker trust key load</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/trust/revoke/ title="docker trust revoke">docker trust revoke</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/trust/sign/ title="docker trust sign">docker trust sign</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/trust/signer/>docker trust signer</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/trust/signer/add/ title="docker trust signer add">docker trust signer add</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/trust/signer/remove/ title="docker trust signer remove">docker trust signer remove</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/version/ title="docker version">docker version</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/volume/>docker volume</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/volume/create/ title="docker volume create">docker volume create</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/volume/inspect/ title="docker volume inspect">docker volume inspect</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/volume/ls/ title="docker volume ls">docker volume ls</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/volume/prune/ title="docker volume prune">docker volume prune</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/volume/rm/ title="docker volume rm">docker volume rm</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/volume/update/ title="docker volume update">docker volume update</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/dockerd/ title=dockerd>dockerd</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="w-full text-left select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"> API reference</button></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/>Docker Engine API</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/sdk/>SDK</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/sdk/examples/ title=Examples>Examples</a></li></ul></li><li class="px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=/reference/api/engine/latest/ title=Latest>Latest</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="w-full text-left select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"> API reference by version</button></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.48/ title=v1.48>v1.48</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.47/ title=v1.47>v1.47</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.46/ title=v1.46>v1.46</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.45/ title=v1.45>v1.45</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.44/ title=v1.44>v1.44</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.43/ title=v1.43>v1.43</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.42/ title=v1.42>v1.42</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.41/ title=v1.41>v1.41</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.40/ title=v1.40>v1.40</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.39/ title=v1.39>v1.39</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.38/ title=v1.38>v1.38</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.37/ title=v1.37>v1.37</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.36/ title=v1.36>v1.36</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.35/ title=v1.35>v1.35</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.34/ title=v1.34>v1.34</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.33/ title=v1.33>v1.33</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.32/ title=v1.32>v1.32</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.31/ title=v1.31>v1.31</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.30/ title=v1.30>v1.30</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.29/ title=v1.29>v1.29</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.28/ title=v1.28>v1.28</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.27/ title=v1.27>v1.27</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.26/ title=v1.26>v1.26</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.25/ title=v1.25>v1.25</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version/v1.24/ title="Engine API v1.24">Engine API v1.24</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/engine/version-history/ title="Engine API version history">Engine API version history</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="w-full text-left select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"> Docker Hub API</button></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/hub/latest/ title="Docker Hub API">Docker Hub API</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/hub/deprecated/ title="Docker Hub API v1 (deprecated)">Docker Hub API v1 (deprecated)</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/hub/dvp/ title="DVP Data API">DVP Data API</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/>Extensions API</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/BackendV0/ title="Interface: BackendV0">Interface: BackendV0</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/DesktopUI/ title="Interface: DesktopUI">Interface: DesktopUI</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/Dialog/ title="Interface: Dialog">Interface: Dialog</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/Docker/ title="Interface: Docker">Interface: Docker</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/DockerCommand/ title="Interface: DockerCommand">Interface: DockerCommand</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/DockerDesktopClient/ title="Interface: DockerDesktopClient">Interface: DockerDesktopClient</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/Exec/ title="Interface: Exec">Interface: Exec</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/ExecOptions/ title="Interface: ExecOptions">Interface: ExecOptions</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/ExecProcess/ title="Interface: ExecProcess">Interface: ExecProcess</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/ExecResult/ title="Interface: ExecResult">Interface: ExecResult</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/ExecResultV0/ title="Interface: ExecResultV0">Interface: ExecResultV0</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/ExecStreamOptions/ title="Interface: ExecStreamOptions">Interface: ExecStreamOptions</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/Extension/ title="Interface: Extension">Interface: Extension</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/ExtensionCli/ title="Interface: ExtensionCli">Interface: ExtensionCli</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/ExtensionHost/ title="Interface: ExtensionHost">Interface: ExtensionHost</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/ExtensionVM/ title="Interface: ExtensionVM">Interface: ExtensionVM</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/Host/ title="Interface: Host">Interface: Host</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/HttpService/ title="Interface: HttpService">Interface: HttpService</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/NavigationIntents/ title="Interface: NavigationIntents">Interface: NavigationIntents</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/OpenDialogResult/ title="Interface: OpenDialogResult">Interface: OpenDialogResult</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/RawExecResult/ title="Interface: RawExecResult">Interface: RawExecResult</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/RequestConfig/ title="Interface: RequestConfig">Interface: RequestConfig</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/RequestConfigV0/ title="Interface: RequestConfigV0">Interface: RequestConfigV0</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/ServiceError/ title="Interface: ServiceError">Interface: ServiceError</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/SpawnOptions/ title="Interface: SpawnOptions">Interface: SpawnOptions</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/api/extensions-sdk/Toast/ title="Interface: Toast">Interface: Toast</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/>Build checks</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/consistent-instruction-casing/ title=ConsistentInstructionCasing>ConsistentInstructionCasing</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/copy-ignored-file/ title=CopyIgnoredFile>CopyIgnoredFile</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/duplicate-stage-name/ title=DuplicateStageName>DuplicateStageName</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/from-as-casing/ title=FromAsCasing>FromAsCasing</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/from-platform-flag-const-disallowed/ title=FromPlatformFlagConstDisallowed>FromPlatformFlagConstDisallowed</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/invalid-default-arg-in-from/ title=InvalidDefaultArgInFrom>InvalidDefaultArgInFrom</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/invalid-definition-description/ title=InvalidDefinitionDescription>InvalidDefinitionDescription</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/json-args-recommended/ title=JSONArgsRecommended>JSONArgsRecommended</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/legacy-key-value-format/ title=LegacyKeyValueFormat>LegacyKeyValueFormat</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/maintainer-deprecated/ title=MaintainerDeprecated>MaintainerDeprecated</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/multiple-instructions-disallowed/ title=MultipleInstructionsDisallowed>MultipleInstructionsDisallowed</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/no-empty-continuation/ title=NoEmptyContinuation>NoEmptyContinuation</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/redundant-target-platform/ title=RedundantTargetPlatform>RedundantTargetPlatform</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/reserved-stage-name/ title=ReservedStageName>ReservedStageName</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/secrets-used-in-arg-or-env/ title=SecretsUsedInArgOrEnv>SecretsUsedInArgOrEnv</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/stage-name-casing/ title=StageNameCasing>StageNameCasing</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/undefined-arg-in-from/ title=UndefinedArgInFrom>UndefinedArgInFrom</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/undefined-var/ title=UndefinedVar>UndefinedVar</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/workdir-relative-path/ title=WorkdirRelativePath>WorkdirRelativePath</a></li></ul></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/>Compose file reference</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/version-and-name/ title="Version and name top-level elements">Version and name top-level elements</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/services/ title="Services top-level elements">Services top-level elements</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/networks/ title="Networks top-level elements">Networks top-level elements</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/volumes/ title="Volumes top-level element">Volumes top-level element</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/configs/ title="Configs top-level elements">Configs top-level elements</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/secrets/ title="Secrets top-level elements">Secrets top-level elements</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/fragments/ title=Fragments>Fragments</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/extension/ title=Extensions>Extensions</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/interpolation/ title=Interpolation>Interpolation</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/merge/ title=Merge>Merge</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/include/ title=Include>Include</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/profiles/ title=Profiles>Profiles</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/build/ title="Compose Build Specification">Compose Build Specification</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/deploy/ title="Compose Deploy Specification">Compose Deploy Specification</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/develop/ title="Compose Develop Specification">Compose Develop Specification</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/legacy-versions/ title="Legacy versions">Legacy versions</a></li></ul></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark bg-gray-light-200 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><a aria-current=page id=sidebar-current-page class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/dockerfile/ title="Dockerfile reference">Dockerfile reference</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/glossary/ title=Glossary>Glossary</a></li><li x-data="{ expanded: false }"><div class="rounded px-4 w-full flex items-center justify-between"><div class="w-full py-2 truncate"><a class="block select-none hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/>Samples</a></div><button @click="expanded = !expanded" class="hover:bg-gray-light-300 hover:dark:bg-gray-dark-300 rounded"> <span :class="{ 'hidden' : expanded }" class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M464-376 306-533q-2-2-3.5-4.76-1.5-2.77-1.5-5.92.0-6.32 4.13-10.82 4.12-4.5 10.87-4.5h328q6.75.0 10.88 4.64 4.12 4.63 4.12 10.81.0 1.55-5 10.55L496-376q-3 3-7.06 5t-8.94 2q-4.87.0-8.94-2-4.06-2-7.06-5z"/></svg> </span><span :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M316-4e2q-6.75.0-10.87-4.64-4.13-4.63-4.13-10.81.0-1.55 5-10.55l158-157q3-3 7.06-5 4.07-2 8.94-2 4.88.0 8.94 2t7.06 5l158 157q2 2 3.5 4.76 1.5 2.77 1.5 5.92.0 6.32-4.12 10.82-4.13 4.5-10.88 4.5H316z"/></svg></span></button></div><ul :class="{ 'hidden' : !expanded }" class="hidden ml-3"><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/dotnet/ title=".NET samples">.NET samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/ai-ml/ title="AI/ML samples">AI/ML samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/angular/ title="Angular samples">Angular samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/cloudflared/ title="Cloudflared samples">Cloudflared samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/django/ title="Django samples">Django samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/elasticsearch/ title="Elasticsearch / Logstash / Kibana samples">Elasticsearch / Logstash / Kibana samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/express/ title="Express samples">Express samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/fastapi/ title="FastAPI samples">FastAPI samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/flask/ title="Flask samples">Flask samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/gitea/ title="Gitea samples">Gitea samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/go/ title="Go samples">Go samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/java/ title="Java samples">Java samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/javascript/ title="JavaScript samples">JavaScript samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/mariadb/ title="MariaDB samples">MariaDB samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/minecraft/ title="Minecraft samples">Minecraft samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/mongodb/ title="MongoDB samples">MongoDB samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/ms-sql/ title="MS-SQL samples">MS-SQL samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/mysql/ title="MySQL samples">MySQL samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/nextcloud/ title="Nextcloud samples">Nextcloud samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/nginx/ title="NGINX samples">NGINX samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/nodejs/ title="Node.js samples">Node.js samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/php/ title="PHP samples">PHP samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/pi-hole/ title="Pi-hole samples">Pi-hole samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/plex/ title="Plex samples">Plex samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/portainer/ title="Portainer samples">Portainer samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/postgres/ title="PostgreSQL samples">PostgreSQL samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/prometheus/ title="Prometheus samples">Prometheus samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/python/ title="Python samples">Python samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/rails/ title="Rails samples">Rails samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/react/ title="React samples">React samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/redis/ title="Redis samples">Redis samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/ruby/ title="Ruby samples">Ruby samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/rust/ title="Rust samples">Rust samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/spark/ title="Spark samples">Spark samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/spring/ title="Spring Boot samples">Spring Boot samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/traefik/ title="Traefik samples">Traefik samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/typescript/ title="TypeScript samples">TypeScript samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/vuejs/ title="Vue.js samples">Vue.js samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/wireguard/ title="WireGuard samples">WireGuard samples</a></li><li class="rounded px-4 hover:text-blue-light hover:dark:text-blue-dark"><a class="py-2 w-full truncate block" href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/samples/wordpress/ title="WordPress samples">WordPress samples</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></div><div data-pagefind-body class="w-full min-w-0 bg-white p-8 dark:bg-background-dark"><div class="flex gap-8 w-full"><article class="prose min-w-0 flex-[2_2_0%] max-w-4xl dark:prose-invert"><nav id=breadcrumbs data-pagefind-ignore class="gap-4 flex items-center text-gray-light dark:text-gray-dark min-w-0"><a href=https://docs.docker.com/ class="link truncate">Home</a> <span>/</span> <a href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/ class="link truncate">Reference</a> <span>/</span> <span data-pagefind-meta="breadcrumbs:Home / Reference" class=truncate>Dockerfile reference</span></nav><h1 data-pagefind-weight=10 class=scroll-mt-36>Dockerfile reference</h1><div class="block lg:hidden"><div data-pagefind-ignore class=not-prose><div class="text-lg pb-0 lg:pb-2">Table of contents</div><nav class=toc><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#overview>Overview</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#format>Format</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#parser-directives>Parser directives</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#syntax>syntax</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#escape>escape</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#check>check</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#environment-replacement>Environment replacement</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#dockerignore-file>.dockerignore file</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#shell-and-exec-form>Shell and exec form</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#exec-form>Exec form</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#shell-form>Shell form</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#use-a-different-shell>Use a different shell</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#from>FROM</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#understand-how-arg-and-from-interact>Understand how ARG and FROM interact</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run>RUN</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#cache-invalidation-for-run-instructions>Cache invalidation for RUN instructions</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mount>RUN --mount</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mounttypebind>RUN --mount=type=bind</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mounttypecache>RUN --mount=type=cache</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mounttypetmpfs>RUN --mount=type=tmpfs</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mounttypesecret>RUN --mount=type=secret</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mounttypessh>RUN --mount=type=ssh</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---network>RUN --network</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---networkdefault>RUN --network=default</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---networknone>RUN --network=none</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---networkhost>RUN --network=host</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---security>RUN --security</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#cmd>CMD</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#label>LABEL</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#maintainer-deprecated>MAINTAINER (deprecated)</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#expose>EXPOSE</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#env>ENV</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add>ADD</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#source>Source</a></li><ul class=pl-2><ul class=pl-2></ul></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#destination>Destination</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add---keep-git-dir>ADD --keep-git-dir</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add---checksum>ADD --checksum</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add---chown---chmod>ADD --chown --chmod</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add---link>ADD --link</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add---exclude>ADD --exclude</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy>COPY</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#source-1>Source</a></li><ul class=pl-2><ul class=pl-2></ul></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#destination-1>Destination</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy---from>COPY --from</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy---chown---chmod>COPY --chown --chmod</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy---link>COPY --link</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy---parents>COPY --parents</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy---exclude>COPY --exclude</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#entrypoint>ENTRYPOINT</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#exec-form-entrypoint-example>Exec form ENTRYPOINT example</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#shell-form-entrypoint-example>Shell form ENTRYPOINT example</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#understand-how-cmd-and-entrypoint-interact>Understand how CMD and ENTRYPOINT interact</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#volume>VOLUME</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#notes-about-specifying-volumes>Notes about specifying volumes</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#user>USER</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#workdir>WORKDIR</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#arg>ARG</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#default-values>Default values</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#scope>Scope</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#using-arg-variables>Using ARG variables</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#predefined-args>Predefined ARGs</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#automatic-platform-args-in-the-global-scope>Automatic platform ARGs in the global scope</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#buildkit-built-in-build-args>BuildKit built-in build args</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#impact-on-build-caching>Impact on build caching</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#onbuild>ONBUILD</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy-or-mount-from-stage-image-or-context>Copy or mount from stage, image, or context</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#onbuild-limitations>ONBUILD limitations</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#stopsignal>STOPSIGNAL</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#healthcheck>HEALTHCHECK</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#shell>SHELL</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#here-documents>Here-Documents</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#example-running-a-multi-line-script>Example: Running a multi-line script</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#example-creating-inline-files>Example: Creating inline files</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#dockerfile-examples>Dockerfile examples</a></li></ul></nav></div><hr></div><p>Docker can build images automatically by reading the instructions from a Dockerfile. A Dockerfile is a text document that contains all the commands a user could call on the command line to assemble an image. This page describes the commands you can use in a Dockerfile.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=overview><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#overview>Overview</a></h2><p>The Dockerfile supports the following instructions:</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Instruction</th><th class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#add><code>ADD</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Add local or remote files and directories.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#arg><code>ARG</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Use build-time variables.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#cmd><code>CMD</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Specify default commands.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#copy><code>COPY</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Copy files and directories.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#entrypoint><code>ENTRYPOINT</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Specify default executable.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#env><code>ENV</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Set environment variables.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#expose><code>EXPOSE</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Describe which ports your application is listening on.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#from><code>FROM</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Create a new build stage from a base image.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#healthcheck><code>HEALTHCHECK</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Check a container's health on startup.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#label><code>LABEL</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Add metadata to an image.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#maintainer-deprecated><code>MAINTAINER</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Specify the author of an image.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#onbuild><code>ONBUILD</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Specify instructions for when the image is used in a build.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#run><code>RUN</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Execute build commands.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#shell><code>SHELL</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Set the default shell of an image.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#stopsignal><code>STOPSIGNAL</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Specify the system call signal for exiting a container.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#user><code>USER</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Set user and group ID.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#volume><code>VOLUME</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Create volume mounts.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><a class=link href=#workdir><code>WORKDIR</code></a></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>Change working directory.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=format><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#format>Format</a></h2><p>Here is the format of the Dockerfile:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBDb21tZW50CklOU1RSVUNUSU9OIGFyZ3VtZW50cw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># Comment</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>INSTRUCTION arguments</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The instruction is not case-sensitive. However, convention is for them to be UPPERCASE to distinguish them from arguments more easily.</p><p>Docker runs instructions in a Dockerfile in order. A Dockerfile <strong>must begin with a <code>FROM</code> instruction</strong>. This may be after <a class=link href=#parser-directives>parser directives</a>, <a class=link href=#format>comments</a>, and globally scoped <a class=link href=#arg>ARGs</a>. The <code>FROM</code> instruction specifies the <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/glossary/#base-image rel=noopener>base image<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> from which you are building. <code>FROM</code> may only be preceded by one or more <code>ARG</code> instructions, which declare arguments that are used in <code>FROM</code> lines in the Dockerfile.</p><p>BuildKit treats lines that begin with <code>#</code> as a comment, unless the line is a valid <a class=link href=#parser-directives>parser directive</a>. A <code>#</code> marker anywhere else in a line is treated as an argument. This allows statements like:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBDb21tZW50ClJVTiBlY2hvICd3ZSBhcmUgcnVubmluZyBzb21lICMgb2YgY29vbCB0aGluZ3Mn', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># Comment</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s1>'we are running some # of cool things'</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Comment lines are removed before the Dockerfile instructions are executed. The comment in the following example is removed before the shell executes the <code>echo</code> command.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIGVjaG8gaGVsbG8gXAojIGNvbW1lbnQKd29ybGQ=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> hello <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span><span class=c1># comment</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>world</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The following examples is equivalent.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIGVjaG8gaGVsbG8gXAp3b3JsZA==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> hello <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span>world</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Comments don't support line continuation characters.</p><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p><strong>Note on whitespace</strong></p><p>For backward compatibility, leading whitespace before comments (<code>#</code>) and instructions (such as <code>RUN</code>) are ignored, but discouraged. Leading whitespace is not preserved in these cases, and the following examples are therefore equivalent:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'ICAgICAgICAjIHRoaXMgaXMgYSBjb21tZW50LWxpbmUKICAgIFJVTiBlY2hvIGhlbGxvClJVTiBlY2hvIHdvcmxk', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=c1># this is a comment-line</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span> RUN <span class=nb>echo</span> hello<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> world</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyB0aGlzIGlzIGEgY29tbWVudC1saW5lClJVTiBlY2hvIGhlbGxvClJVTiBlY2hvIHdvcmxk', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># this is a comment-line</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> hello<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> world</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Whitespace in instruction arguments, however, isn't ignored. The following example prints <code>hello world</code> with leading whitespace as specified:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIGVjaG8gIlwKICAgICBoZWxsb1wKICAgICB3b3JsZCI=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s2>"\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=s2> hello\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=s2> world"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div></blockquote><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=parser-directives><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#parser-directives>Parser directives</a></h2><p>Parser directives are optional, and affect the way in which subsequent lines in a Dockerfile are handled. Parser directives don't add layers to the build, and don't show up as build steps. Parser directives are written as a special type of comment in the form <code># directive=value</code>. A single directive may only be used once.</p><p>The following parser directives are supported:</p><ul><li><a class=link href=#syntax><code>syntax</code></a></li><li><a class=link href=#escape><code>escape</code></a></li><li><a class=link href=#check><code>check</code></a> (since Dockerfile v1.8.0)</li></ul><p>Once a comment, empty line or builder instruction has been processed, BuildKit no longer looks for parser directives. Instead it treats anything formatted as a parser directive as a comment and doesn't attempt to validate if it might be a parser directive. Therefore, all parser directives must be at the top of a Dockerfile.</p><p>Parser directive keys, such as <code>syntax</code> or <code>check</code>, aren't case-sensitive, but they're lowercase by convention. Values for a directive are case-sensitive and must be written in the appropriate case for the directive. For example, <code>#check=skip=jsonargsrecommended</code> is invalid because the check name must use Pascal case, not lowercase. It's also conventional to include a blank line following any parser directives. Line continuation characters aren't supported in parser directives.</p><p>Due to these rules, the following examples are all invalid:</p><p>Invalid due to line continuation:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBkaXJlYyBcCnRpdmU9dmFsdWU=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># direc \</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=nv>tive</span><span class=o>=</span>value</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Invalid due to appearing twice:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBkaXJlY3RpdmU9dmFsdWUxCiMgZGlyZWN0aXZlPXZhbHVlMgoKRlJPTSBJbWFnZU5hbWU=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># directive=value1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># directive=value2</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ImageName</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Treated as a comment because it appears after a builder instruction:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBJbWFnZU5hbWUKIyBkaXJlY3RpdmU9dmFsdWU=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ImageName</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># directive=value</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Treated as a comment because it appears after a comment that isn't a parser directive:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBBYm91dCBteSBkb2NrZXJmaWxlCiMgZGlyZWN0aXZlPXZhbHVlCkZST00gSW1hZ2VOYW1l', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># About my dockerfile</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># directive=value</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ImageName</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The following <code>unknowndirective</code> is treated as a comment because it isn't recognized. The known <code>syntax</code> directive is treated as a comment because it appears after a comment that isn't a parser directive.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyB1bmtub3duZGlyZWN0aXZlPXZhbHVlCiMgc3ludGF4PXZhbHVl', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># unknowndirective=value</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># syntax=value</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Non line-breaking whitespace is permitted in a parser directive. Hence, the following lines are all treated identically:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'I2RpcmVjdGl2ZT12YWx1ZQojIGRpcmVjdGl2ZSA9dmFsdWUKIwlkaXJlY3RpdmU9IHZhbHVlCiMgZGlyZWN0aXZlID0gdmFsdWUKIwkgIGRJckVjVGlWZT12YWx1ZQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c>#directive=value</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># directive =value</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># directive= value</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># directive = value</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># dIrEcTiVe=value</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=syntax><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#syntax>syntax</a></h3><p><a name=external-implementation-features></a></p><p>Use the <code>syntax</code> parser directive to declare the Dockerfile syntax version to use for the build. If unspecified, BuildKit uses a bundled version of the Dockerfile frontend. Declaring a syntax version lets you automatically use the latest Dockerfile version without having to upgrade BuildKit or Docker Engine, or even use a custom Dockerfile implementation.</p><p>Most users will want to set this parser directive to <code>docker/dockerfile:1</code>, which causes BuildKit to pull the latest stable version of the Dockerfile syntax before the build.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>For more information about how the parser directive works, see <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/buildkit/dockerfile-frontend/ rel=noopener>Custom Dockerfile syntax<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=escape><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#escape>escape</a></h3><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBlc2NhcGU9XA==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># escape=\</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Or</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBlc2NhcGU9YA==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># escape=`</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>escape</code> directive sets the character used to escape characters in a Dockerfile. If not specified, the default escape character is <code>\</code>.</p><p>The escape character is used both to escape characters in a line, and to escape a newline. This allows a Dockerfile instruction to span multiple lines. Note that regardless of whether the <code>escape</code> parser directive is included in a Dockerfile, escaping is not performed in a <code>RUN</code> command, except at the end of a line.</p><p>Setting the escape character to <code>`</code> is especially useful on <code>Windows</code>, where <code>\</code> is the directory path separator. <code>`</code> is consistent with <a class=link href=https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh847755.aspx rel=noopener>Windows PowerShell<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p><p>Consider the following example which would fail in a non-obvious way on Windows. The second <code>\</code> at the end of the second line would be interpreted as an escape for the newline, instead of a target of the escape from the first <code>\</code>. Similarly, the <code>\</code> at the end of the third line would, assuming it was actually handled as an instruction, cause it be treated as a line continuation. The result of this Dockerfile is that second and third lines are considered a single instruction:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBtaWNyb3NvZnQvbmFub3NlcnZlcgpDT1BZIHRlc3RmaWxlLnR4dCBjOlxcClJVTiBkaXIgYzpc', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> microsoft/nanoserver</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> testfile.txt c:<span class=se>\\</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>RUN dir c:<span class=err>\</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Results in:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UFMgRTpcbXlwcm9qZWN0PiBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGQgLXQgY21kIC4KClNlbmRpbmcgYnVpbGQgY29udGV4dCB0byBEb2NrZXIgZGFlbW9uIDMuMDcyIGtCClN0ZXAgMS8yIDogRlJPTSBtaWNyb3NvZnQvbmFub3NlcnZlcgogLS0tPiAyMjczOGZmNDljNmQKU3RlcCAyLzIgOiBDT1BZIHRlc3RmaWxlLnR4dCBjOlxSVU4gZGlyIGM6CkdldEZpbGVBdHRyaWJ1dGVzRXggYzpSVU46IFRoZSBzeXN0ZW0gY2Fubm90IGZpbmQgdGhlIGZpbGUgc3BlY2lmaWVkLgpQUyBFOlxteXByb2plY3Q+', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>PS E:\myproject> docker build -t cmd . </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072 kB </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Step 1/2 : FROM microsoft/nanoserver </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> 22738ff49c6d </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Step 2/2 : COPY testfile.txt c:\RUN dir c: </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>GetFileAttributesEx c:RUN: The system cannot find the file specified. </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>PS E:\myproject> </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>One solution to the above would be to use <code>/</code> as the target of both the <code>COPY</code> instruction, and <code>dir</code>. However, this syntax is, at best, confusing as it is not natural for paths on Windows, and at worst, error prone as not all commands on Windows support <code>/</code> as the path separator.</p><p>By adding the <code>escape</code> parser directive, the following Dockerfile succeeds as expected with the use of natural platform semantics for file paths on Windows:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBlc2NhcGU9YAoKRlJPTSBtaWNyb3NvZnQvbmFub3NlcnZlcgpDT1BZIHRlc3RmaWxlLnR4dCBjOlwKUlVOIGRpciBjOlw=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># escape=`</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> microsoft/nanoserver</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> testfile.txt c:<span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span>RUN dir c:<span class=err>\</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Results in:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: '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', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>PS E:\myproject> docker build -t succeeds --no-cache=true . </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072 kB </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Step 1/3 : FROM microsoft/nanoserver </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> 22738ff49c6d </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Step 2/3 : COPY testfile.txt c:\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> 96655de338de </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Removing intermediate container 4db9acbb1682 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Step 3/3 : RUN dir c:\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> Running in a2c157f842f5 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> Volume in drive C has no label. </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> Volume Serial Number is 7E6D-E0F7 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go> Directory of c:\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>10/05/2016 05:04 PM 1,894 License.txt </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>10/05/2016 02:22 PM <DIR> Program Files </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>10/05/2016 02:14 PM <DIR> Program Files (x86) </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>10/28/2016 11:18 AM 62 testfile.txt </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>10/28/2016 11:20 AM <DIR> Users </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>10/28/2016 11:20 AM <DIR> Windows </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> 2 File(s) 1,956 bytes </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> 4 Dir(s) 21,259,096,064 bytes free </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> 01c7f3bef04f </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Removing intermediate container a2c157f842f5 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Successfully built 01c7f3bef04f </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>PS E:\myproject> </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=check><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#check>check</a></h3><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBjaGVjaz1za2lwPTxjaGVja3N8YWxsPgojIGNoZWNrPWVycm9yPTxib29sZWFuPg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># check=skip=<checks|all></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># check=error=<boolean></span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>check</code> directive is used to configure how <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/checks/ rel=noopener>build checks<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> are evaluated. By default, all checks are run, and failures are treated as warnings.</p><p>You can disable specific checks using <code>#check=skip=<check-name></code>. To specify multiple checks to skip, separate them with a comma:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBjaGVjaz1za2lwPUpTT05BcmdzUmVjb21tZW5kZWQsU3RhZ2VOYW1lQ2FzaW5n', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># check=skip=JSONArgsRecommended,StageNameCasing</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>To disable all checks, use <code>#check=skip=all</code>.</p><p>By default, builds with failing build checks exit with a zero status code despite warnings. To make the build fail on warnings, set <code>#check=error=true</code>.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBjaGVjaz1lcnJvcj10cnVl', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># check=error=true</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p>When using the <code>check</code> directive, with <code>error=true</code> option, it is recommended to pin the <a class=link href=#syntax>Dockerfile syntax</a> to a specific version. Otherwise, your build may start to fail when new checks are added in the future versions.</p></blockquote><p>To combine both the <code>skip</code> and <code>error</code> options, use a semi-colon to separate them:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBjaGVjaz1za2lwPUpTT05BcmdzUmVjb21tZW5kZWQ7ZXJyb3I9dHJ1ZQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># check=skip=JSONArgsRecommended;error=true</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>To see all available checks, see the <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/build-checks/ rel=noopener>build checks reference<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>. Note that the checks available depend on the Dockerfile syntax version. To make sure you're getting the most up-to-date checks, use the <a class=link href=#syntax><code>syntax</code></a> directive to specify the Dockerfile syntax version to the latest stable version.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=environment-replacement><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#environment-replacement>Environment replacement</a></h2><p>Environment variables (declared with <a class=link href=#env>the <code>ENV</code> statement</a>) can also be used in certain instructions as variables to be interpreted by the Dockerfile. Escapes are also handled for including variable-like syntax into a statement literally.</p><p>Environment variables are notated in the Dockerfile either with <code>$variable_name</code> or <code>${variable_name}</code>. They are treated equivalently and the brace syntax is typically used to address issues with variable names with no whitespace, like <code>${foo}_bar</code>.</p><p>The <code>${variable_name}</code> syntax also supports a few of the standard <code>bash</code> modifiers as specified below:</p><ul><li><code>${variable:-word}</code> indicates that if <code>variable</code> is set then the result will be that value. If <code>variable</code> is not set then <code>word</code> will be the result.</li><li><code>${variable:+word}</code> indicates that if <code>variable</code> is set then <code>word</code> will be the result, otherwise the result is the empty string.</li></ul><p>The following variable replacements are supported in a pre-release version of Dockerfile syntax, when using the <code># syntax=docker/dockerfile-upstream:master</code> syntax directive in your Dockerfile:</p><ul><li><p><code>${variable#pattern}</code> removes the shortest match of <code>pattern</code> from <code>variable</code>, seeking from the start of the string.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'c3RyPWZvb2JhcmJheiBlY2hvICR7c3RyI2YqYn0gICAgICMgYXJiYXo=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nv>str</span><span class=o>=</span>foobarbaz <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=si>${</span><span class=nv>str</span><span class=p>#f*b</span><span class=si>}</span> <span class=c1># arbaz</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div></li><li><p><code>${variable##pattern}</code> removes the longest match of <code>pattern</code> from <code>variable</code>, seeking from the start of the string.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'c3RyPWZvb2JhcmJheiBlY2hvICR7c3RyIyNmKmJ9ICAgICMgYXo=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nv>str</span><span class=o>=</span>foobarbaz <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=si>${</span><span class=nv>str</span><span class=p>##f*b</span><span class=si>}</span> <span class=c1># az</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div></li><li><p><code>${variable%pattern}</code> removes the shortest match of <code>pattern</code> from <code>variable</code>, seeking backwards from the end of the string.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'c3RyaW5nPWZvb2JhcmJheiBlY2hvICR7c3RyaW5nJWIqfSAgICAjIGZvb2Jhcg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nv>string</span><span class=o>=</span>foobarbaz <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=si>${</span><span class=nv>string</span><span class=p>%b*</span><span class=si>}</span> <span class=c1># foobar</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div></li><li><p><code>${variable%%pattern}</code> removes the longest match of <code>pattern</code> from <code>variable</code>, seeking backwards from the end of the string.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'c3RyaW5nPWZvb2JhcmJheiBlY2hvICR7c3RyaW5nJSViKn0gICAjIGZvbw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nv>string</span><span class=o>=</span>foobarbaz <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=si>${</span><span class=nv>string</span><span class=p>%%b*</span><span class=si>}</span> <span class=c1># foo</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div></li><li><p><code>${variable/pattern/replacement}</code> replace the first occurrence of <code>pattern</code> in <code>variable</code> with <code>replacement</code></p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'c3RyaW5nPWZvb2JhcmJheiBlY2hvICR7c3RyaW5nL2JhL2ZvfSAgIyBmb29mb3JiYXo=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nv>string</span><span class=o>=</span>foobarbaz <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=si>${</span><span class=nv>string</span><span class=p>/ba/fo</span><span class=si>}</span> <span class=c1># fooforbaz</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div></li><li><p><code>${variable//pattern/replacement}</code> replaces all occurrences of <code>pattern</code> in <code>variable</code> with <code>replacement</code></p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'c3RyaW5nPWZvb2JhcmJheiBlY2hvICR7c3RyaW5nLy9iYS9mb30gICMgZm9vZm9yZm96', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nv>string</span><span class=o>=</span>foobarbaz <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=si>${</span><span class=nv>string</span><span class=p>//ba/fo</span><span class=si>}</span> <span class=c1># fooforfoz</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div></li></ul><p>In all cases, <code>word</code> can be any string, including additional environment variables.</p><p><code>pattern</code> is a glob pattern where <code>?</code> matches any single character and <code>*</code> any number of characters (including zero). To match literal <code>?</code> and <code>*</code>, use a backslash escape: <code>\?</code> and <code>\*</code>.</p><p>You can escape whole variable names by adding a <code>\</code> before the variable: <code>\$foo</code> or <code>\${foo}</code>, for example, will translate to <code>$foo</code> and <code>${foo}</code> literals respectively.</p><p>Example (parsed representation is displayed after the <code>#</code>):</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBidXN5Ym94CkVOViBGT089L2JhcgpXT1JLRElSICR7Rk9PfSAgICMgV09SS0RJUiAvYmFyCkFERCAuICRGT08gICAgICAgIyBBREQgLiAvYmFyCkNPUFkgXCRGT08gL3F1dXggIyBDT1BZICRGT08gL3F1dXg=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> busybox</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>FOO</span><span class=o>=</span>/bar<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> ${FOO} # WORKDIR /bar</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ADD</span> . <span class=nv>$FOO</span> <span class=c1># ADD . /bar</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> <span class=se>\$</span>FOO /quux <span class=c1># COPY $FOO /quux</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Environment variables are supported by the following list of instructions in the Dockerfile:</p><ul><li><code>ADD</code></li><li><code>COPY</code></li><li><code>ENV</code></li><li><code>EXPOSE</code></li><li><code>FROM</code></li><li><code>LABEL</code></li><li><code>STOPSIGNAL</code></li><li><code>USER</code></li><li><code>VOLUME</code></li><li><code>WORKDIR</code></li><li><code>ONBUILD</code> (when combined with one of the supported instructions above)</li></ul><p>You can also use environment variables with <code>RUN</code>, <code>CMD</code>, and <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> instructions, but in those cases the variable substitution is handled by the command shell, not the builder. Note that instructions using the exec form don't invoke a command shell automatically. See <a class=link href=#variable-substitution>Variable substitution</a>.</p><p>Environment variable substitution use the same value for each variable throughout the entire instruction. Changing the value of a variable only takes effect in subsequent instructions. Consider the following example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RU5WIGFiYz1oZWxsbwpFTlYgYWJjPWJ5ZSBkZWY9JGFiYwpFTlYgZ2hpPSRhYmM=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>abc</span><span class=o>=</span>hello </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>abc</span><span class=o>=</span>bye <span class=nv>def</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>$abc</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>ghi</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>$abc</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><ul><li>The value of <code>def</code> becomes <code>hello</code></li><li>The value of <code>ghi</code> becomes <code>bye</code></li></ul><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=dockerignore-file><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#dockerignore-file>.dockerignore file</a></h2><p>You can use <code>.dockerignore</code> file to exclude files and directories from the build context. For more information, see <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/building/context/#dockerignore-files rel=noopener>.dockerignore file<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=shell-and-exec-form><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#shell-and-exec-form>Shell and exec form</a></h2><p>The <code>RUN</code>, <code>CMD</code>, and <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> instructions all have two possible forms:</p><ul><li><code>INSTRUCTION ["executable","param1","param2"]</code> (exec form)</li><li><code>INSTRUCTION command param1 param2</code> (shell form)</li></ul><p>The exec form makes it possible to avoid shell string munging, and to invoke commands using a specific command shell, or any other executable. It uses a JSON array syntax, where each element in the array is a command, flag, or argument.</p><p>The shell form is more relaxed, and emphasizes ease of use, flexibility, and readability. The shell form automatically uses a command shell, whereas the exec form does not.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=exec-form><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#exec-form>Exec form</a></h3><p>The exec form is parsed as a JSON array, which means that you must use double-quotes (") around words, not single-quotes (').</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RU5UUllQT0lOVCBbIi9iaW4vYmFzaCIsICItYyIsICJlY2hvIGhlbGxvIl0=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENTRYPOINT</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"/bin/bash"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"-c"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"echo hello"</span><span class=p>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The exec form is best used to specify an <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> instruction, combined with <code>CMD</code> for setting default arguments that can be overridden at runtime. For more information, see <a class=link href=#entrypoint>ENTRYPOINT</a>.</p><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=variable-substitution><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#variable-substitution>Variable substitution</a></h4><p>Using the exec form doesn't automatically invoke a command shell. This means that normal shell processing, such as variable substitution, doesn't happen. For example, <code>RUN [ "echo", "$HOME" ]</code> won't handle variable substitution for <code>$HOME</code>.</p><p>If you want shell processing then either use the shell form or execute a shell directly with the exec form, for example: <code>RUN [ "sh", "-c", "echo $HOME" ]</code>. When using the exec form and executing a shell directly, as in the case for the shell form, it's the shell that's doing the environment variable substitution, not the builder.</p><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=backslashes><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#backslashes>Backslashes</a></h4><p>In exec form, you must escape backslashes. This is particularly relevant on Windows where the backslash is the path separator. The following line would otherwise be treated as shell form due to not being valid JSON, and fail in an unexpected way:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIFsiYzpcd2luZG93c1xzeXN0ZW0zMlx0YXNrbGlzdC5leGUiXQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=o>[</span><span class=s2>"c:\windows\system32\tasklist.exe"</span><span class=o>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The correct syntax for this example is:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIFsiYzpcXHdpbmRvd3NcXHN5c3RlbTMyXFx0YXNrbGlzdC5leGUiXQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=o>[</span><span class=s2>"c:\\windows\\system32\\tasklist.exe"</span><span class=o>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=shell-form><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#shell-form>Shell form</a></h3><p>Unlike the exec form, instructions using the shell form always use a command shell. The shell form doesn't use the JSON array format, instead it's a regular string. The shell form string lets you escape newlines using the <a class=link href=#escape>escape character</a> (backslash by default) to continue a single instruction onto the next line. This makes it easier to use with longer commands, because it lets you split them up into multiple lines. For example, consider these two lines:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIHNvdXJjZSAkSE9NRS8uYmFzaHJjICYmIFwKZWNobyAkSE9NRQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>source</span> <span class=nv>$HOME</span>/.bashrc <span class=o>&&</span> <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span><span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=nv>$HOME</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>They're equivalent to the following line:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIHNvdXJjZSAkSE9NRS8uYmFzaHJjICYmIGVjaG8gJEhPTUU=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>source</span> <span class=nv>$HOME</span>/.bashrc <span class=o>&&</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=nv>$HOME</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>You can also use heredocs with the shell form to break up supported commands.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIDw8RU9GCnNvdXJjZSAkSE9NRS8uYmFzaHJjICYmIFwKZWNobyAkSE9NRQpFT0Y=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <<EOF<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=nb>source</span> <span class=nv>$HOME</span>/.bashrc <span class=o>&&</span> <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span><span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=nv>$HOME</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>EOF</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>For more information about heredocs, see <a class=link href=#here-documents>Here-documents</a>.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=use-a-different-shell><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#use-a-different-shell>Use a different shell</a></h3><p>You can change the default shell using the <code>SHELL</code> command. For example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'U0hFTEwgWyIvYmluL2Jhc2giLCAiLWMiXQpSVU4gZWNobyBoZWxsbw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>SHELL</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"/bin/bash"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"-c"</span><span class=p>]</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> hello</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>For more information, see <a class=link href=#shell>SHELL</a>.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=from><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#from>FROM</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBbLS1wbGF0Zm9ybT08cGxhdGZvcm0+XSA8aW1hZ2U+IFtBUyA8bmFtZT5d', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> [--platform=<platform>] <image> [AS <name>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Or</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBbLS1wbGF0Zm9ybT08cGxhdGZvcm0+XSA8aW1hZ2U+Wzo8dGFnPl0gW0FTIDxuYW1lPl0=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> [--platform=<platform>] <image>[:<tag>] [AS <name>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Or</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBbLS1wbGF0Zm9ybT08cGxhdGZvcm0+XSA8aW1hZ2U+W0A8ZGlnZXN0Pl0gW0FTIDxuYW1lPl0=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> [--platform=<platform>] <image>[@<digest>] [AS <name>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>FROM</code> instruction initializes a new build stage and sets the <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/glossary/#base-image rel=noopener>base image<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> for subsequent instructions. As such, a valid Dockerfile must start with a <code>FROM</code> instruction. The image can be any valid image.</p><ul><li><code>ARG</code> is the only instruction that may precede <code>FROM</code> in the Dockerfile. See <a class=link href=#understand-how-arg-and-from-interact>Understand how ARG and FROM interact</a>.</li><li><code>FROM</code> can appear multiple times within a single Dockerfile to create multiple images or use one build stage as a dependency for another. Simply make a note of the last image ID output by the commit before each new <code>FROM</code> instruction. Each <code>FROM</code> instruction clears any state created by previous instructions.</li><li>Optionally a name can be given to a new build stage by adding <code>AS name</code> to the <code>FROM</code> instruction. The name can be used in subsequent <code>FROM <name></code>, <a class=link href=#copy---from><code>COPY --from=<name></code></a>, and <a class=link href=#run---mounttypebind><code>RUN --mount=type=bind,from=<name></code></a> instructions to refer to the image built in this stage.</li><li>The <code>tag</code> or <code>digest</code> values are optional. If you omit either of them, the builder assumes a <code>latest</code> tag by default. The builder returns an error if it can't find the <code>tag</code> value.</li></ul><p>The optional <code>--platform</code> flag can be used to specify the platform of the image in case <code>FROM</code> references a multi-platform image. For example, <code>linux/amd64</code>, <code>linux/arm64</code>, or <code>windows/amd64</code>. By default, the target platform of the build request is used. Global build arguments can be used in the value of this flag, for example <a class=link href=#automatic-platform-args-in-the-global-scope>automatic platform ARGs</a> allow you to force a stage to native build platform (<code>--platform=$BUILDPLATFORM</code>), and use it to cross-compile to the target platform inside the stage.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=understand-how-arg-and-from-interact><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#understand-how-arg-and-from-interact>Understand how ARG and FROM interact</a></h3><p><code>FROM</code> instructions support variables that are declared by any <code>ARG</code> instructions that occur before the first <code>FROM</code>.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QVJHICBDT0RFX1ZFUlNJT049bGF0ZXN0CkZST00gYmFzZToke0NPREVfVkVSU0lPTn0KQ01EICAvY29kZS9ydW4tYXBwCgpGUk9NIGV4dHJhczoke0NPREVfVkVSU0lPTn0KQ01EICAvY29kZS9ydW4tZXh0cmFz', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ARG</span> <span class=nv>CODE_VERSION</span><span class=o>=</span>latest </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> base:${CODE_VERSION}</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>CMD</span> /code/run-app<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> extras:${CODE_VERSION}</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>CMD</span> /code/run-extras</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>An <code>ARG</code> declared before a <code>FROM</code> is outside of a build stage, so it can't be used in any instruction after a <code>FROM</code>. To use the default value of an <code>ARG</code> declared before the first <code>FROM</code> use an <code>ARG</code> instruction without a value inside of a build stage:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QVJHIFZFUlNJT049bGF0ZXN0CkZST00gYnVzeWJveDokVkVSU0lPTgpBUkcgVkVSU0lPTgpSVU4gZWNobyAkVkVSU0lPTiA+IGltYWdlX3ZlcnNpb24=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ARG</span> <span class=nv>VERSION</span><span class=o>=</span>latest </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> busybox:$VERSION</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> VERSION<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=nv>$VERSION</span> > image_version</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run>RUN</a></h2><p>The <code>RUN</code> instruction will execute any commands to create a new layer on top of the current image. The added layer is used in the next step in the Dockerfile. <code>RUN</code> has two forms:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBTaGVsbCBmb3JtOgpSVU4gW09QVElPTlNdIDxjb21tYW5kPiAuLi4KIyBFeGVjIGZvcm06ClJVTiBbT1BUSU9OU10gWyAiPGNvbW1hbmQ+IiwgLi4uIF0=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># Shell form:</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=o>[</span>OPTIONS<span class=o>]</span> <command> ...<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># Exec form:</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=o>[</span>OPTIONS<span class=o>]</span> <span class=o>[</span> <span class=s2>"<command>"</span>, ... <span class=o>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>For more information about the differences between these two forms, see <a class=link href=#shell-and-exec-form>shell or exec forms</a>.</p><p>The shell form is most commonly used, and lets you break up longer instructions into multiple lines, either using newline <a class=link href=#escape>escapes</a>, or with <a class=link href=#here-documents>heredocs</a>:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIDw8RU9GCmFwdC1nZXQgdXBkYXRlCmFwdC1nZXQgaW5zdGFsbCAteSBjdXJsCkVPRg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <<EOF<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>apt-get update<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>apt-get install -y curl<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>EOF</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The available <code>[OPTIONS]</code> for the <code>RUN</code> instruction are:</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Option</th><th class=p-2>Minimum Dockerfile version</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---mount><code>--mount</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.2</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---network><code>--network</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.3</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---security><code>--security</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.1.2-labs</td></tr></tbody></table></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=cache-invalidation-for-run-instructions><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#cache-invalidation-for-run-instructions>Cache invalidation for RUN instructions</a></h3><p>The cache for <code>RUN</code> instructions isn't invalidated automatically during the next build. The cache for an instruction like <code>RUN apt-get dist-upgrade -y</code> will be reused during the next build. The cache for <code>RUN</code> instructions can be invalidated by using the <code>--no-cache</code> flag, for example <code>docker build --no-cache</code>.</p><p>See the <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/eng-image/dockerfile_best-practices/ rel=noopener>Dockerfile Best Practices guide<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> for more information.</p><p>The cache for <code>RUN</code> instructions can be invalidated by <a class=link href=#add><code>ADD</code></a> and <a class=link href=#copy><code>COPY</code></a> instructions.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---mount><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---mount>RUN --mount</a></h3><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIC0tbW91bnQ9W3R5cGU9PFRZUEU+XVssb3B0aW9uPTx2YWx1ZT5bLG9wdGlvbj08dmFsdWU+XS4uLl0=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> --mount<span class=o>=[</span><span class=nv>type</span><span class=o>=</span><TYPE><span class=o>][</span>,option<span class=o>=</span><value><span class=o>[</span>,option<span class=o>=</span><value><span class=o>]</span>...<span class=o>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p><code>RUN --mount</code> allows you to create filesystem mounts that the build can access. This can be used to:</p><ul><li>Create bind mount to the host filesystem or other build stages</li><li>Access build secrets or ssh-agent sockets</li><li>Use a persistent package management cache to speed up your build</li></ul><p>The supported mount types are:</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Type</th><th class=p-2>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---mounttypebind><code>bind</code></a> (default)</td><td class=p-2>Bind-mount context directories (read-only).</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---mounttypecache><code>cache</code></a></td><td class=p-2>Mount a temporary directory to cache directories for compilers and package managers.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---mounttypetmpfs><code>tmpfs</code></a></td><td class=p-2>Mount a <code>tmpfs</code> in the build container.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---mounttypesecret><code>secret</code></a></td><td class=p-2>Allow the build container to access secure files such as private keys without baking them into the image or build cache.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---mounttypessh><code>ssh</code></a></td><td class=p-2>Allow the build container to access SSH keys via SSH agents, with support for passphrases.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---mounttypebind><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---mounttypebind>RUN --mount=type=bind</a></h3><p>This mount type allows binding files or directories to the build container. A bind mount is read-only by default.</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Option</th><th class=p-2>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><code>target</code>, <code>dst</code>, <code>destination</code><sup id=fnref:1><a href=#fn:1 class=footnote-ref role=doc-noteref>1</a></sup></td><td class=p-2>Mount path.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>source</code></td><td class=p-2>Source path in the <code>from</code>. Defaults to the root of the <code>from</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>from</code></td><td class=p-2>Build stage, context, or image name for the root of the source. Defaults to the build context.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>rw</code>,<code>readwrite</code></td><td class=p-2>Allow writes on the mount. Written data will be discarded.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---mounttypecache><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---mounttypecache>RUN --mount=type=cache</a></h3><p>This mount type allows the build container to cache directories for compilers and package managers.</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Option</th><th class=p-2>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><code>id</code></td><td class=p-2>Optional ID to identify separate/different caches. Defaults to value of <code>target</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>target</code>, <code>dst</code>, <code>destination</code><sup id=fnref1:1><a href=#fn:1 class=footnote-ref role=doc-noteref>1</a></sup></td><td class=p-2>Mount path.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>ro</code>,<code>readonly</code></td><td class=p-2>Read-only if set.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>sharing</code></td><td class=p-2>One of <code>shared</code>, <code>private</code>, or <code>locked</code>. Defaults to <code>shared</code>. A <code>shared</code> cache mount can be used concurrently by multiple writers. <code>private</code> creates a new mount if there are multiple writers. <code>locked</code> pauses the second writer until the first one releases the mount.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>from</code></td><td class=p-2>Build stage, context, or image name to use as a base of the cache mount. Defaults to empty directory.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>source</code></td><td class=p-2>Subpath in the <code>from</code> to mount. Defaults to the root of the <code>from</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>mode</code></td><td class=p-2>File mode for new cache directory in octal. Default <code>0755</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>uid</code></td><td class=p-2>User ID for new cache directory. Default <code>0</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>gid</code></td><td class=p-2>Group ID for new cache directory. Default <code>0</code>.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>Contents of the cache directories persists between builder invocations without invalidating the instruction cache. Cache mounts should only be used for better performance. Your build should work with any contents of the cache directory as another build may overwrite the files or GC may clean it if more storage space is needed.</p><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=example-cache-go-packages><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#example-cache-go-packages>Example: cache Go packages</a></h4><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGdvbGFuZwpSVU4gLS1tb3VudD10eXBlPWNhY2hlLHRhcmdldD0vcm9vdC8uY2FjaGUvZ28tYnVpbGQgXAogIGdvIGJ1aWxkIC4uLg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> golang</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> --mount<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>type</span><span class=o>=</span>cache,target<span class=o>=</span>/root/.cache/go-build <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span> go build ...</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=example-cache-apt-packages><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#example-cache-apt-packages>Example: cache apt packages</a></h4><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIHVidW50dQpSVU4gcm0gLWYgL2V0Yy9hcHQvYXB0LmNvbmYuZC9kb2NrZXItY2xlYW47IGVjaG8gJ0JpbmFyeTo6YXB0OjpBUFQ6OktlZXAtRG93bmxvYWRlZC1QYWNrYWdlcyAidHJ1ZSI7JyA+IC9ldGMvYXB0L2FwdC5jb25mLmQva2VlcC1jYWNoZQpSVU4gLS1tb3VudD10eXBlPWNhY2hlLHRhcmdldD0vdmFyL2NhY2hlL2FwdCxzaGFyaW5nPWxvY2tlZCBcCiAgLS1tb3VudD10eXBlPWNhY2hlLHRhcmdldD0vdmFyL2xpYi9hcHQsc2hhcmluZz1sb2NrZWQgXAogIGFwdCB1cGRhdGUgJiYgYXB0LWdldCAtLW5vLWluc3RhbGwtcmVjb21tZW5kcyBpbnN0YWxsIC15IGdjYw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> rm -f /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-clean<span class=p>;</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s1>'Binary::apt::APT::Keep-Downloaded-Packages "true";'</span> > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/keep-cache<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> --mount<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>type</span><span class=o>=</span>cache,target<span class=o>=</span>/var/cache/apt,sharing<span class=o>=</span>locked <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span> --mount<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>type</span><span class=o>=</span>cache,target<span class=o>=</span>/var/lib/apt,sharing<span class=o>=</span>locked <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span> apt update <span class=o>&&</span> apt-get --no-install-recommends install -y gcc</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Apt needs exclusive access to its data, so the caches use the option <code>sharing=locked</code>, which will make sure multiple parallel builds using the same cache mount will wait for each other and not access the same cache files at the same time. You could also use <code>sharing=private</code> if you prefer to have each build create another cache directory in this case.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---mounttypetmpfs><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---mounttypetmpfs>RUN --mount=type=tmpfs</a></h3><p>This mount type allows mounting <code>tmpfs</code> in the build container.</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Option</th><th class=p-2>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><code>target</code>, <code>dst</code>, <code>destination</code><sup id=fnref2:1><a href=#fn:1 class=footnote-ref role=doc-noteref>1</a></sup></td><td class=p-2>Mount path.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>size</code></td><td class=p-2>Specify an upper limit on the size of the filesystem.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---mounttypesecret><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---mounttypesecret>RUN --mount=type=secret</a></h3><p>This mount type allows the build container to access secret values, such as tokens or private keys, without baking them into the image.</p><p>By default, the secret is mounted as a file. You can also mount the secret as an environment variable by setting the <code>env</code> option.</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Option</th><th class=p-2>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><code>id</code></td><td class=p-2>ID of the secret. Defaults to basename of the target path.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>target</code>, <code>dst</code>, <code>destination</code></td><td class=p-2>Mount the secret to the specified path. Defaults to <code>/run/secrets/</code> + <code>id</code> if unset and if <code>env</code> is also unset.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>env</code></td><td class=p-2>Mount the secret to an environment variable instead of a file, or both. (since Dockerfile v1.10.0)</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>required</code></td><td class=p-2>If set to <code>true</code>, the instruction errors out when the secret is unavailable. Defaults to <code>false</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>mode</code></td><td class=p-2>File mode for secret file in octal. Default <code>0400</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>uid</code></td><td class=p-2>User ID for secret file. Default <code>0</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>gid</code></td><td class=p-2>Group ID for secret file. Default <code>0</code>.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=example-access-to-s3><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#example-access-to-s3>Example: access to S3</a></h4><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIHB5dGhvbjozClJVTiBwaXAgaW5zdGFsbCBhd3NjbGkKUlVOIC0tbW91bnQ9dHlwZT1zZWNyZXQsaWQ9YXdzLHRhcmdldD0vcm9vdC8uYXdzL2NyZWRlbnRpYWxzIFwKICBhd3MgczMgY3AgczM6Ly8uLi4gLi4u', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> python:3</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> pip install awscli<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> --mount<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>type</span><span class=o>=</span>secret,id<span class=o>=</span>aws,target<span class=o>=</span>/root/.aws/credentials <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span> aws s3 cp s3://... ...</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGR4IGJ1aWxkIC0tc2VjcmV0IGlkPWF3cyxzcmM9JEhPTUUvLmF3cy9jcmVkZW50aWFscyAu', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker buildx build --secret <span class=nv>id</span><span class=o>=</span>aws,src<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>$HOME</span>/.aws/credentials . </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=example-mount-as-environment-variable><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#example-mount-as-environment-variable>Example: Mount as environment variable</a></h4><p>The following example takes the secret <code>API_KEY</code> and mounts it as an environment variable with the same name.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZQpSVU4gLS1tb3VudD10eXBlPXNlY3JldCxpZD1BUElfS0VZLGVudj1BUElfS0VZIFwKICAgIHNvbWUtY29tbWFuZCAtLXRva2VuLWZyb20tZW52ICRBUElfS0VZ', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> --mount<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>type</span><span class=o>=</span>secret,id<span class=o>=</span>API_KEY,env<span class=o>=</span>API_KEY <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span> some-command --token-from-env <span class=nv>$API_KEY</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Assuming that the <code>API_KEY</code> environment variable is set in the build environment, you can build this with the following command:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGR4IGJ1aWxkIC0tc2VjcmV0IGlkPUFQSV9LRVkgLg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker buildx build --secret <span class=nv>id</span><span class=o>=</span>API_KEY . </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---mounttypessh><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---mounttypessh>RUN --mount=type=ssh</a></h3><p>This mount type allows the build container to access SSH keys via SSH agents, with support for passphrases.</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Option</th><th class=p-2>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><code>id</code></td><td class=p-2>ID of SSH agent socket or key. Defaults to "default".</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>target</code>, <code>dst</code>, <code>destination</code></td><td class=p-2>SSH agent socket path. Defaults to <code>/run/buildkit/ssh_agent.${N}</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>required</code></td><td class=p-2>If set to <code>true</code>, the instruction errors out when the key is unavailable. Defaults to <code>false</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>mode</code></td><td class=p-2>File mode for socket in octal. Default <code>0600</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>uid</code></td><td class=p-2>User ID for socket. Default <code>0</code>.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>gid</code></td><td class=p-2>Group ID for socket. Default <code>0</code>.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=example-access-to-gitlab><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#example-access-to-gitlab>Example: access to GitLab</a></h4><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZQpSVU4gYXBrIGFkZCAtLW5vLWNhY2hlIG9wZW5zc2gtY2xpZW50ClJVTiBta2RpciAtcCAtbSAwNzAwIH4vLnNzaCAmJiBzc2gta2V5c2NhbiBnaXRsYWIuY29tID4+IH4vLnNzaC9rbm93bl9ob3N0cwpSVU4gLS1tb3VudD10eXBlPXNzaCBcCiAgc3NoIC1xIC1UIGdpdEBnaXRsYWIuY29tIDI+JjEgfCB0ZWUgL2hlbGxvCiMgIldlbGNvbWUgdG8gR2l0TGFiLCBAR0lUTEFCX1VTRVJOQU1FX0FTU09DSUFURURfV0lUSF9TU0hLRVkiIHNob3VsZCBiZSBwcmludGVkIGhlcmUKIyB3aXRoIHRoZSB0eXBlIG9mIGJ1aWxkIHByb2dyZXNzIGlzIGRlZmluZWQgYXMgYHBsYWluYC4=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> apk add --no-cache openssh-client<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> mkdir -p -m <span class=m>0700</span> ~/.ssh <span class=o>&&</span> ssh-keyscan gitlab.com >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> --mount<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>type</span><span class=o>=</span>ssh <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span> ssh -q -T git@gitlab.com 2><span class=p>&</span><span class=m>1</span> <span class=p>|</span> tee /hello<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># "Welcome to GitLab, @GITLAB_USERNAME_ASSOCIATED_WITH_SSHKEY" should be printed here</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># with the type of build progress is defined as `plain`.</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBldmFsICQoc3NoLWFnZW50KQokIHNzaC1hZGQgfi8uc3NoL2lkX3JzYQooSW5wdXQgeW91ciBwYXNzcGhyYXNlIGhlcmUpCiQgZG9ja2VyIGJ1aWxkeCBidWlsZCAtLXNzaCBkZWZhdWx0PSRTU0hfQVVUSF9TT0NLIC4=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> <span class=nb>eval</span> <span class=k>$(</span>ssh-agent<span class=k>)</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>(Input your passphrase here) </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=gp>$</span> docker buildx build --ssh <span class=nv>default</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>$SSH_AUTH_SOCK</span> . </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>You can also specify a path to <code>*.pem</code> file on the host directly instead of <code>$SSH_AUTH_SOCK</code>. However, pem files with passphrases are not supported.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---network><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---network>RUN --network</a></h3><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIC0tbmV0d29yaz08VFlQRT4=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> --network<span class=o>=</span><TYPE></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p><code>RUN --network</code> allows control over which networking environment the command is run in.</p><p>The supported network types are:</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Type</th><th class=p-2>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---networkdefault><code>default</code></a> (default)</td><td class=p-2>Run in the default network.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---networknone><code>none</code></a></td><td class=p-2>Run with no network access.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#run---networkhost><code>host</code></a></td><td class=p-2>Run in the host's network environment.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---networkdefault><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---networkdefault>RUN --network=default</a></h3><p>Equivalent to not supplying a flag at all, the command is run in the default network for the build.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---networknone><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---networknone>RUN --network=none</a></h3><p>The command is run with no network access (<code>lo</code> is still available, but is isolated to this process)</p><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=example-isolating-external-effects><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#example-isolating-external-effects>Example: isolating external effects</a></h4><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIHB5dGhvbjozLjYKQUREIG15cGFja2FnZS50Z3ogd2hlZWxzLwpSVU4gLS1uZXR3b3JrPW5vbmUgcGlwIGluc3RhbGwgLS1maW5kLWxpbmtzIHdoZWVscyBteXBhY2thZ2U=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> python:3.6</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ADD</span> mypackage.tgz wheels/<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> --network<span class=o>=</span>none pip install --find-links wheels mypackage</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p><code>pip</code> will only be able to install the packages provided in the tarfile, which can be controlled by an earlier build stage.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---networkhost><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---networkhost>RUN --network=host</a></h3><p>The command is run in the host's network environment (similar to <code>docker build --network=host</code>, but on a per-instruction basis)</p><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-amber-light dark:border-amber-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-amber-light dark:text-amber-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M92-120q-9 0-15.65-4.13Q69.7-128.25 66-135q-4.17-6.6-4.58-14.3Q61-157 66-165l388-670q5-8 11.5-11.5T480-850t14.5 3.5T506-835l388 670q5 8 4.58 15.7-.41 7.7-4.58 14.3-3.7 6.75-10.35 10.87Q877-120 868-120H92zm392.18-117q12.82.0 21.32-8.68 8.5-8.67 8.5-21.5.0-12.82-8.68-21.32-8.67-8.5-21.5-8.5-12.82.0-21.32 8.68-8.5 8.67-8.5 21.5.0 12.82 8.68 21.32 8.67 8.5 21.5 8.5zm0-111q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-164q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v164q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63z"/></svg> </span><strong>Warning</strong></p><p>The use of <code>--network=host</code> is protected by the <code>network.host</code> entitlement, which needs to be enabled when starting the buildkitd daemon with <code>--allow-insecure-entitlement network.host</code> flag or in <a class=link href=https://github.com/moby/buildkit/blob/master/docs/buildkitd.toml.md rel=noopener>buildkitd config<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>, and for a build request with <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/buildx_build/#allow rel=noopener><code>--allow network.host</code> flag<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p></blockquote><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=run---security><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#run---security>RUN --security</a></h3><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p>Not yet available in stable syntax, use <a class=link href=#syntax><code>docker/dockerfile:1-labs</code></a> version.</p></blockquote><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIC0tc2VjdXJpdHk9PHNhbmRib3h8aW5zZWN1cmU+', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> --security<span class=o>=</span><sandbox<span class=p>|</span>insecure></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The default security mode is <code>sandbox</code>. With <code>--security=insecure</code>, the builder runs the command without sandbox in insecure mode, which allows to run flows requiring elevated privileges (e.g. containerd). This is equivalent to running <code>docker run --privileged</code>.</p><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-amber-light dark:border-amber-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-amber-light dark:text-amber-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M92-120q-9 0-15.65-4.13Q69.7-128.25 66-135q-4.17-6.6-4.58-14.3Q61-157 66-165l388-670q5-8 11.5-11.5T480-850t14.5 3.5T506-835l388 670q5 8 4.58 15.7-.41 7.7-4.58 14.3-3.7 6.75-10.35 10.87Q877-120 868-120H92zm392.18-117q12.82.0 21.32-8.68 8.5-8.67 8.5-21.5.0-12.82-8.68-21.32-8.67-8.5-21.5-8.5-12.82.0-21.32 8.68-8.5 8.67-8.5 21.5.0 12.82 8.68 21.32 8.67 8.5 21.5 8.5zm0-111q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-164q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v164q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63z"/></svg> </span><strong>Warning</strong></p><p>In order to access this feature, entitlement <code>security.insecure</code> should be enabled when starting the buildkitd daemon with <code>--allow-insecure-entitlement security.insecure</code> flag or in <a class=link href=https://github.com/moby/buildkit/blob/master/docs/buildkitd.toml.md rel=noopener>buildkitd config<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>, and for a build request with <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/buildx_build/#allow rel=noopener><code>--allow security.insecure</code> flag<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p></blockquote><p>Default sandbox mode can be activated via <code>--security=sandbox</code>, but that is no-op.</p><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=example-check-entitlements><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#example-check-entitlements>Example: check entitlements</a></h4><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MS1sYWJzCkZST00gdWJ1bnR1ClJVTiAtLXNlY3VyaXR5PWluc2VjdXJlIGNhdCAvcHJvYy9zZWxmL3N0YXR1cyB8IGdyZXAgQ2FwRWZm', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1-labs</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> --security<span class=o>=</span>insecure cat /proc/self/status <span class=p>|</span> grep CapEff</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Izg0IDAuMDkzIENhcEVmZjoJMDAwMDAwM2ZmZmZmZmZmZg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-text data-lang=text><span class=line><span class=cl>#84 0.093 CapEff: 0000003fffffffff</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=cmd><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#cmd>CMD</a></h2><p>The <code>CMD</code> instruction sets the command to be executed when running a container from an image.</p><p>You can specify <code>CMD</code> instructions using <a class=link href=#shell-and-exec-form>shell or exec forms</a>:</p><ul><li><code>CMD ["executable","param1","param2"]</code> (exec form)</li><li><code>CMD ["param1","param2"]</code> (exec form, as default parameters to <code>ENTRYPOINT</code>)</li><li><code>CMD command param1 param2</code> (shell form)</li></ul><p>There can only be one <code>CMD</code> instruction in a Dockerfile. If you list more than one <code>CMD</code>, only the last one takes effect.</p><p>The purpose of a <code>CMD</code> is to provide defaults for an executing container. These defaults can include an executable, or they can omit the executable, in which case you must specify an <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> instruction as well.</p><p>If you would like your container to run the same executable every time, then you should consider using <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> in combination with <code>CMD</code>. See <a class=link href=#entrypoint><code>ENTRYPOINT</code></a>. If the user specifies arguments to <code>docker run</code> then they will override the default specified in <code>CMD</code>, but still use the default <code>ENTRYPOINT</code>.</p><p>If <code>CMD</code> is used to provide default arguments for the <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> instruction, both the <code>CMD</code> and <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> instructions should be specified in the <a class=link href=#exec-form>exec form</a>.</p><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p>Don't confuse <code>RUN</code> with <code>CMD</code>. <code>RUN</code> actually runs a command and commits the result; <code>CMD</code> doesn't execute anything at build time, but specifies the intended command for the image.</p></blockquote><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=label><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#label>LABEL</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'TEFCRUwgPGtleT49PHZhbHVlPiBbPGtleT49PHZhbHVlPi4uLl0=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>LABEL</span> <key><span class=o>=</span><value> <span class=o>[</span><key><span class=o>=</span><value>...<span class=o>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>LABEL</code> instruction adds metadata to an image. A <code>LABEL</code> is a key-value pair. To include spaces within a <code>LABEL</code> value, use quotes and backslashes as you would in command-line parsing. A few usage examples:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'TEFCRUwgImNvbS5leGFtcGxlLnZlbmRvciI9IkFDTUUgSW5jb3Jwb3JhdGVkIgpMQUJFTCBjb20uZXhhbXBsZS5sYWJlbC13aXRoLXZhbHVlPSJmb28iCkxBQkVMIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMCIKTEFCRUwgZGVzY3JpcHRpb249IlRoaXMgdGV4dCBpbGx1c3RyYXRlcyBcCnRoYXQgbGFiZWwtdmFsdWVzIGNhbiBzcGFuIG11bHRpcGxlIGxpbmVzLiI=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>LABEL</span> <span class=s2>"com.example.vendor"</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"ACME Incorporated"</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>LABEL</span> com.example.label-with-value<span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"foo"</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>LABEL</span> <span class=nv>version</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"1.0"</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>LABEL</span> <span class=nv>description</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"This text illustrates \ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=s2>that label-values can span multiple lines."</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>An image can have more than one label. You can specify multiple labels on a single line. Prior to Docker 1.10, this decreased the size of the final image, but this is no longer the case. You may still choose to specify multiple labels in a single instruction, in one of the following two ways:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'TEFCRUwgbXVsdGkubGFiZWwxPSJ2YWx1ZTEiIG11bHRpLmxhYmVsMj0idmFsdWUyIiBvdGhlcj0idmFsdWUzIg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>LABEL</span> multi.label1<span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"value1"</span> multi.label2<span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"value2"</span> <span class=nv>other</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"value3"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'TEFCRUwgbXVsdGkubGFiZWwxPSJ2YWx1ZTEiIFwKICAgICAgbXVsdGkubGFiZWwyPSJ2YWx1ZTIiIFwKICAgICAgb3RoZXI9InZhbHVlMyI=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>LABEL</span> multi.label1<span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"value1"</span> <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span> multi.label2<span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"value2"</span> <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span> <span class=nv>other</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"value3"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p>Be sure to use double quotes and not single quotes. Particularly when you are using string interpolation (e.g. <code>LABEL example="foo-$ENV_VAR"</code>), single quotes will take the string as is without unpacking the variable's value.</p></blockquote><p>Labels included in base images (images in the <code>FROM</code> line) are inherited by your image. If a label already exists but with a different value, the most-recently-applied value overrides any previously-set value.</p><p>To view an image's labels, use the <code>docker image inspect</code> command. You can use the <code>--format</code> option to show just the labels;</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgaW1hZ2UgaW5zcGVjdCAtLWZvcm1hdD0ne3tqc29uIC5Db25maWcuTGFiZWxzfX0nIG15aW1hZ2U=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker image inspect --format<span class=o>=</span><span class=s1>'{{json .Config.Labels}}'</span> myimage </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'ewogICJjb20uZXhhbXBsZS52ZW5kb3IiOiAiQUNNRSBJbmNvcnBvcmF0ZWQiLAogICJjb20uZXhhbXBsZS5sYWJlbC13aXRoLXZhbHVlIjogImZvbyIsCiAgInZlcnNpb24iOiAiMS4wIiwKICAiZGVzY3JpcHRpb24iOiAiVGhpcyB0ZXh0IGlsbHVzdHJhdGVzIHRoYXQgbGFiZWwtdmFsdWVzIGNhbiBzcGFuIG11bHRpcGxlIGxpbmVzLiIsCiAgIm11bHRpLmxhYmVsMSI6ICJ2YWx1ZTEiLAogICJtdWx0aS5sYWJlbDIiOiAidmFsdWUyIiwKICAib3RoZXIiOiAidmFsdWUzIgp9', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-json data-lang=json><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=p>{</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nt>"com.example.vendor"</span><span class=p>:</span> <span class=s2>"ACME Incorporated"</span><span class=p>,</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nt>"com.example.label-with-value"</span><span class=p>:</span> <span class=s2>"foo"</span><span class=p>,</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nt>"version"</span><span class=p>:</span> <span class=s2>"1.0"</span><span class=p>,</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nt>"description"</span><span class=p>:</span> <span class=s2>"This text illustrates that label-values can span multiple lines."</span><span class=p>,</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nt>"multi.label1"</span><span class=p>:</span> <span class=s2>"value1"</span><span class=p>,</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nt>"multi.label2"</span><span class=p>:</span> <span class=s2>"value2"</span><span class=p>,</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nt>"other"</span><span class=p>:</span> <span class=s2>"value3"</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=p>}</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=maintainer-deprecated><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#maintainer-deprecated>MAINTAINER (deprecated)</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'TUFJTlRBSU5FUiA8bmFtZT4=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>MAINTAINER</span><span class=s> <name></span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>MAINTAINER</code> instruction sets the <em>Author</em> field of the generated images. The <code>LABEL</code> instruction is a much more flexible version of this and you should use it instead, as it enables setting any metadata you require, and can be viewed easily, for example with <code>docker inspect</code>. To set a label corresponding to the <code>MAINTAINER</code> field you could use:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'TEFCRUwgb3JnLm9wZW5jb250YWluZXJzLmltYWdlLmF1dGhvcnM9IlN2ZW5Eb3dpZGVpdEBob21lLm9yZy5hdSI=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>LABEL</span> org.opencontainers.image.authors<span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"SvenDowideit@home.org.au"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>This will then be visible from <code>docker inspect</code> with the other labels.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=expose><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#expose>EXPOSE</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RVhQT1NFIDxwb3J0PiBbPHBvcnQ+Lzxwcm90b2NvbD4uLi5d', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>EXPOSE</span><span class=s> <port> [<port>/<protocol>...]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>EXPOSE</code> instruction informs Docker that the container listens on the specified network ports at runtime. You can specify whether the port listens on TCP or UDP, and the default is TCP if you don't specify a protocol.</p><p>The <code>EXPOSE</code> instruction doesn't actually publish the port. It functions as a type of documentation between the person who builds the image and the person who runs the container, about which ports are intended to be published. To publish the port when running the container, use the <code>-p</code> flag on <code>docker run</code> to publish and map one or more ports, or the <code>-P</code> flag to publish all exposed ports and map them to high-order ports.</p><p>By default, <code>EXPOSE</code> assumes TCP. You can also specify UDP:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RVhQT1NFIDgwL3VkcA==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>EXPOSE</span><span class=s> 80/udp</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>To expose on both TCP and UDP, include two lines:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RVhQT1NFIDgwL3RjcApFWFBPU0UgODAvdWRw', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>EXPOSE</span><span class=s> 80/tcp</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>EXPOSE</span><span class=s> 80/udp</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>In this case, if you use <code>-P</code> with <code>docker run</code>, the port will be exposed once for TCP and once for UDP. Remember that <code>-P</code> uses an ephemeral high-ordered host port on the host, so TCP and UDP doesn't use the same port.</p><p>Regardless of the <code>EXPOSE</code> settings, you can override them at runtime by using the <code>-p</code> flag. For example</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgcnVuIC1wIDgwOjgwL3RjcCAtcCA4MDo4MC91ZHAgLi4u', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker run -p 80:80/tcp -p 80:80/udp ... </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>To set up port redirection on the host system, see <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/container/run/#publish rel=noopener>using the -P flag<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>. The <code>docker network</code> command supports creating networks for communication among containers without the need to expose or publish specific ports, because the containers connected to the network can communicate with each other over any port. For detailed information, see the <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/networking/ rel=noopener>overview of this feature<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=env><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#env>ENV</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RU5WIDxrZXk+PTx2YWx1ZT4gWzxrZXk+PTx2YWx1ZT4uLi5d', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENV</span> <key><span class=o>=</span><value> <span class=o>[</span><key><span class=o>=</span><value>...<span class=o>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>ENV</code> instruction sets the environment variable <code><key></code> to the value <code><value></code>. This value will be in the environment for all subsequent instructions in the build stage and can be <a class=link href=#environment-replacement>replaced inline</a> in many as well. The value will be interpreted for other environment variables, so quote characters will be removed if they are not escaped. Like command line parsing, quotes and backslashes can be used to include spaces within values.</p><p>Example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RU5WIE1ZX05BTUU9IkpvaG4gRG9lIgpFTlYgTVlfRE9HPVJleFwgVGhlXCBEb2cKRU5WIE1ZX0NBVD1mbHVmZnk=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>MY_NAME</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"John Doe"</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>MY_DOG</span><span class=o>=</span>Rex<span class=se>\ </span>The<span class=se>\ </span>Dog<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>MY_CAT</span><span class=o>=</span>fluffy</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>ENV</code> instruction allows for multiple <code><key>=<value> ...</code> variables to be set at one time, and the example below will yield the same net results in the final image:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RU5WIE1ZX05BTUU9IkpvaG4gRG9lIiBNWV9ET0c9UmV4XCBUaGVcIERvZyBcCiAgICBNWV9DQVQ9Zmx1ZmZ5', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>MY_NAME</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=s2>"John Doe"</span> <span class=nv>MY_DOG</span><span class=o>=</span>Rex<span class=se>\ </span>The<span class=se>\ </span>Dog <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span> <span class=nv>MY_CAT</span><span class=o>=</span>fluffy</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The environment variables set using <code>ENV</code> will persist when a container is run from the resulting image. You can view the values using <code>docker inspect</code>, and change them using <code>docker run --env <key>=<value></code>.</p><p>A stage inherits any environment variables that were set using <code>ENV</code> by its parent stage or any ancestor. Refer to the <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/building/multi-stage/ rel=noopener>multi-stage builds section<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> in the manual for more information.</p><p>Environment variable persistence can cause unexpected side effects. For example, setting <code>ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive</code> changes the behavior of <code>apt-get</code>, and may confuse users of your image.</p><p>If an environment variable is only needed during build, and not in the final image, consider setting a value for a single command instead:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIERFQklBTl9GUk9OVEVORD1ub25pbnRlcmFjdGl2ZSBhcHQtZ2V0IHVwZGF0ZSAmJiBhcHQtZ2V0IGluc3RhbGwgLXkgLi4u', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nv>DEBIAN_FRONTEND</span><span class=o>=</span>noninteractive apt-get update <span class=o>&&</span> apt-get install -y ...</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Or using <a class=link href=#arg><code>ARG</code></a>, which is not persisted in the final image:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QVJHIERFQklBTl9GUk9OVEVORD1ub25pbnRlcmFjdGl2ZQpSVU4gYXB0LWdldCB1cGRhdGUgJiYgYXB0LWdldCBpbnN0YWxsIC15IC4uLg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ARG</span> <span class=nv>DEBIAN_FRONTEND</span><span class=o>=</span>noninteractive </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> apt-get update <span class=o>&&</span> apt-get install -y ...</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p><strong>Alternative syntax</strong></p><p>The <code>ENV</code> instruction also allows an alternative syntax <code>ENV <key> <value></code>, omitting the <code>=</code>. For example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RU5WIE1ZX1ZBUiBteS12YWx1ZQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENV</span> MY_VAR my-value</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>This syntax does not allow for multiple environment-variables to be set in a single <code>ENV</code> instruction, and can be confusing. For example, the following sets a single environment variable (<code>ONE</code>) with value <code>"TWO= THREE=world"</code>:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RU5WIE9ORSBUV089IFRIUkVFPXdvcmxk', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENV</span> ONE <span class=nv>TWO</span><span class=o>=</span> <span class=nv>THREE</span><span class=o>=</span>world</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The alternative syntax is supported for backward compatibility, but discouraged for the reasons outlined above, and may be removed in a future release.</p></blockquote><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=add><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#add>ADD</a></h2><p>ADD has two forms. The latter form is required for paths containing whitespace.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREIFtPUFRJT05TXSA8c3JjPiAuLi4gPGRlc3Q+CkFERCBbT1BUSU9OU10gWyI8c3JjPiIsIC4uLiAiPGRlc3Q+Il0=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> <span class=o>[</span>OPTIONS<span class=o>]</span> <src> ... <dest><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ADD</span> <span class=o>[</span>OPTIONS<span class=o>]</span> <span class=o>[</span><span class=s2>"<src>"</span>, ... <span class=s2>"<dest>"</span><span class=o>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The available <code>[OPTIONS]</code> are:</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Option</th><th class=p-2>Minimum Dockerfile version</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#add---keep-git-dir><code>--keep-git-dir</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.1</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#add---checksum><code>--checksum</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.6</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#add---chown---chmod><code>--chown</code></a></td><td class=p-2></td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#add---chown---chmod><code>--chmod</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.2</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#add---link><code>--link</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.4</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#add---exclude><code>--exclude</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.7-labs</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The <code>ADD</code> instruction copies new files or directories from <code><src></code> and adds them to the filesystem of the image at the path <code><dest></code>. Files and directories can be copied from the build context, a remote URL, or a Git repository.</p><p>The <code>ADD</code> and <code>COPY</code> instructions are functionally similar, but serve slightly different purposes. Learn more about the <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/building/best-practices/#add-or-copy rel=noopener>differences between <code>ADD</code> and <code>COPY</code><span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=source><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#source>Source</a></h3><p>You can specify multiple source files or directories with <code>ADD</code>. The last argument must always be the destination. For example, to add two files, <code>file1.txt</code> and <code>file2.txt</code>, from the build context to <code>/usr/src/things/</code> in the build container:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREIGZpbGUxLnR4dCBmaWxlMi50eHQgL3Vzci9zcmMvdGhpbmdzLw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> file1.txt file2.txt /usr/src/things/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If you specify multiple source files, either directly or using a wildcard, then the destination must be a directory (must end with a slash <code>/</code>).</p><p>To add files from a remote location, you can specify a URL or the address of a Git repository as the source. For example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREIGh0dHBzOi8vZXhhbXBsZS5jb20vYXJjaGl2ZS56aXAgL3Vzci9zcmMvdGhpbmdzLwpBREQgZ2l0QGdpdGh1Yi5jb206dXNlci9yZXBvLmdpdCAvdXNyL3NyYy90aGluZ3Mv', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> https://example.com/archive.zip /usr/src/things/<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ADD</span> git@github.com:user/repo.git /usr/src/things/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>BuildKit detects the type of <code><src></code> and processes it accordingly.</p><ul><li>If <code><src></code> is a local file or directory, the contents of the directory are copied to the specified destination. See <a class=link href=#adding-files-from-the-build-context>Adding files from the build context</a>.</li><li>If <code><src></code> is a local tar archive, it is decompressed and extracted to the specified destination. See <a class=link href=#adding-local-tar-archives>Adding local tar archives</a>.</li><li>If <code><src></code> is a URL, the contents of the URL are downloaded and placed at the specified destination. See <a class=link href=#adding-files-from-a-url>Adding files from a URL</a>.</li><li>If <code><src></code> is a Git repository, the repository is cloned to the specified destination. See <a class=link href=#adding-files-from-a-git-repository>Adding files from a Git repository</a>.</li></ul><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=adding-files-from-the-build-context><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#adding-files-from-the-build-context>Adding files from the build context</a></h4><p>Any relative or local path that doesn't begin with a <code>http://</code>, <code>https://</code>, or <code>git@</code> protocol prefix is considered a local file path. The local file path is relative to the build context. For example, if the build context is the current directory, <code>ADD file.txt /</code> adds the file at <code>./file.txt</code> to the root of the filesystem in the build container.</p><p>Specifying a source path with a leading slash or one that navigates outside the build context, such as <code>ADD ../something /something</code>, automatically removes any parent directory navigation (<code>../</code>). Trailing slashes in the source path are also disregarded, making <code>ADD something/ /something</code> equivalent to <code>ADD something /something</code>.</p><p>If the source is a directory, the contents of the directory are copied, including filesystem metadata. The directory itself isn't copied, only its contents. If it contains subdirectories, these are also copied, and merged with any existing directories at the destination. Any conflicts are resolved in favor of the content being added, on a file-by-file basis, except if you're trying to copy a directory onto an existing file, in which case an error is raised.</p><p>If the source is a file, the file and its metadata are copied to the destination. File permissions are preserved. If the source is a file and a directory with the same name exists at the destination, an error is raised.</p><p>If you pass a Dockerfile through stdin to the build (<code>docker build - < Dockerfile</code>), there is no build context. In this case, you can only use the <code>ADD</code> instruction to copy remote files. You can also pass a tar archive through stdin: (<code>docker build - < archive.tar</code>), the Dockerfile at the root of the archive and the rest of the archive will be used as the context of the build.</p><h5 class=scroll-mt-20 id=pattern-matching><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#pattern-matching>Pattern matching</a></h5><p>For local files, each <code><src></code> may contain wildcards and matching will be done using Go's <a class=link href=https://golang.org/pkg/path/filepath#Match rel=noopener>filepath.Match<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> rules.</p><p>For example, to add all files and directories in the root of the build context ending with <code>.png</code>:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREICoucG5nIC9kZXN0Lw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> *.png /dest/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>In the following example, <code>?</code> is a single-character wildcard, matching e.g. <code>index.js</code> and <code>index.ts</code>.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREIGluZGV4Lj9zIC9kZXN0Lw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> index.?s /dest/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>When adding files or directories that contain special characters (such as <code>[</code> and <code>]</code>), you need to escape those paths following the Golang rules to prevent them from being treated as a matching pattern. For example, to add a file named <code>arr[0].txt</code>, use the following;</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREIGFycltbXTBdLnR4dCAvZGVzdC8=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> arr<span class=o>[[]</span>0<span class=o>]</span>.txt /dest/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=adding-local-tar-archives><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#adding-local-tar-archives>Adding local tar archives</a></h4><p>When using a local tar archive as the source for <code>ADD</code>, and the archive is in a recognized compression format (<code>gzip</code>, <code>bzip2</code> or <code>xz</code>, or uncompressed), the archive is decompressed and extracted into the specified destination. Only local tar archives are extracted. If the tar archive is a remote URL, the archive is not extracted, but downloaded and placed at the destination.</p><p>When a directory is extracted, it has the same behavior as <code>tar -x</code>. The result is the union of:</p><ol><li>Whatever existed at the destination path, and</li><li>The contents of the source tree, with conflicts resolved in favor of the content being added, on a file-by-file basis.</li></ol><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p>Whether a file is identified as a recognized compression format or not is done solely based on the contents of the file, not the name of the file. For example, if an empty file happens to end with <code>.tar.gz</code> this isn't recognized as a compressed file and doesn't generate any kind of decompression error message, rather the file will simply be copied to the destination.</p></blockquote><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=adding-files-from-a-url><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#adding-files-from-a-url>Adding files from a URL</a></h4><p>In the case where source is a remote file URL, the destination will have permissions of 600. If the HTTP response contains a <code>Last-Modified</code> header, the timestamp from that header will be used to set the <code>mtime</code> on the destination file. However, like any other file processed during an <code>ADD</code>, <code>mtime</code> isn't included in the determination of whether or not the file has changed and the cache should be updated.</p><p>If the destination ends with a trailing slash, then the filename is inferred from the URL path. For example, <code>ADD http://example.com/foobar /</code> would create the file <code>/foobar</code>. The URL must have a nontrivial path so that an appropriate filename can be discovered (<code>http://example.com</code> doesn't work).</p><p>If the destination doesn't end with a trailing slash, the destination path becomes the filename of the file downloaded from the URL. For example, <code>ADD http://example.com/foo /bar</code> creates the file <code>/bar</code>.</p><p>If your URL files are protected using authentication, you need to use <code>RUN wget</code>, <code>RUN curl</code> or use another tool from within the container as the <code>ADD</code> instruction doesn't support authentication.</p><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=adding-files-from-a-git-repository><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#adding-files-from-a-git-repository>Adding files from a Git repository</a></h4><p>To use a Git repository as the source for <code>ADD</code>, you can reference the repository's HTTP or SSH address as the source. The repository is cloned to the specified destination in the image.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREIGh0dHBzOi8vZ2l0aHViLmNvbS91c2VyL3JlcG8uZ2l0IC9teWRpci8=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> https://github.com/user/repo.git /mydir/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>You can use URL fragments to specify a specific branch, tag, commit, or subdirectory. For example, to add the <code>docs</code> directory of the <code>v0.14.1</code> tag of the <code>buildkit</code> repository:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREIGdpdEBnaXRodWIuY29tOm1vYnkvYnVpbGRraXQuZ2l0I3YwLjE0LjE6ZG9jcyAvYnVpbGRraXQtZG9jcw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> git@github.com:moby/buildkit.git#v0.14.1:docs /buildkit-docs</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>For more information about Git URL fragments, see <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/building/context/#url-fragments rel=noopener>URL fragments<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p><p>When adding from a Git repository, the permissions bits for files are 644. If a file in the repository has the executable bit set, it will have permissions set to 755. Directories have permissions set to 755.</p><p>When using a Git repository as the source, the repository must be accessible from the build context. To add a repository via SSH, whether public or private, you must pass an SSH key for authentication. For example, given the following Dockerfile:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZQpBREQgZ2l0QGdpdC5leGFtcGxlLmNvbTpmb28vYmFyLmdpdCAvYmFy', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ADD</span> git@git.example.com:foo/bar.git /bar</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>To build this Dockerfile, pass the <code>--ssh</code> flag to the <code>docker build</code> to mount the SSH agent socket to the build. For example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGQgLS1zc2ggZGVmYXVsdCAu', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker build --ssh default . </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>For more information about building with secrets, see <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/building/secrets/ rel=noopener>Build secrets<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=destination><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#destination>Destination</a></h3><p>If the destination path begins with a forward slash, it's interpreted as an absolute path, and the source files are copied into the specified destination relative to the root of the current build stage.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBjcmVhdGUgL2Ficy90ZXN0LnR4dApBREQgdGVzdC50eHQgL2Ficy8=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># create /abs/test.txt</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ADD</span> test.txt /abs/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Trailing slashes are significant. For example, <code>ADD test.txt /abs</code> creates a file at <code>/abs</code>, whereas <code>ADD test.txt /abs/</code> creates <code>/abs/test.txt</code>.</p><p>If the destination path doesn't begin with a leading slash, it's interpreted as relative to the working directory of the build container.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'V09SS0RJUiAvdXNyL3NyYy9hcHAKIyBjcmVhdGUgL3Vzci9zcmMvYXBwL3JlbC90ZXN0LnR4dApBREQgdGVzdC50eHQgcmVsLw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> /usr/src/app</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># create /usr/src/app/rel/test.txt</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ADD</span> test.txt rel/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If destination doesn't exist, it's created, along with all missing directories in its path.</p><p>If the source is a file, and the destination doesn't end with a trailing slash, the source file will be written to the destination path as a file.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=add---keep-git-dir><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#add---keep-git-dir>ADD --keep-git-dir</a></h3><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREIFstLWtlZXAtZ2l0LWRpcj08Ym9vbGVhbj5dIDxzcmM+IC4uLiA8ZGlyPg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> <span class=o>[</span>--keep-git-dir<span class=o>=</span><boolean><span class=o>]</span> <src> ... <dir></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>When <code><src></code> is the HTTP or SSH address of a remote Git repository, BuildKit adds the contents of the Git repository to the image excluding the <code>.git</code> directory by default.</p><p>The <code>--keep-git-dir=true</code> flag lets you preserve the <code>.git</code> directory.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZQpBREQgLS1rZWVwLWdpdC1kaXI9dHJ1ZSBodHRwczovL2dpdGh1Yi5jb20vbW9ieS9idWlsZGtpdC5naXQjdjAuMTAuMSAvYnVpbGRraXQ=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ADD</span> --keep-git-dir<span class=o>=</span><span class=nb>true</span> https://github.com/moby/buildkit.git#v0.10.1 /buildkit</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=add---checksum><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#add---checksum>ADD --checksum</a></h3><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREIFstLWNoZWNrc3VtPTxoYXNoPl0gPHNyYz4gLi4uIDxkaXI+', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> <span class=o>[</span>--checksum<span class=o>=</span><hash><span class=o>]</span> <src> ... <dir></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>--checksum</code> flag lets you verify the checksum of a remote resource. The checksum is formatted as <code>sha256:<hash></code>. SHA-256 is the only supported hash algorithm.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QUREIC0tY2hlY2tzdW09c2hhMjU2OjI0NDU0ZjgzMGNkYjU3MWUyYzRhZDE1NDgxMTE5YzQzYjNjYWZkNDhkZDg2OWE5YjI5NDVkMTAzNmQxZGM2OGQgaHR0cHM6Ly9taXJyb3JzLmVkZ2Uua2VybmVsLm9yZy9wdWIvbGludXgva2VybmVsL0hpc3RvcmljL2xpbnV4LTAuMDEudGFyLmd6IC8=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ADD</span> --checksum<span class=o>=</span>sha256:24454f830cdb571e2c4ad15481119c43b3cafd48dd869a9b2945d1036d1dc68d https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/Historic/linux-0.01.tar.gz /</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>--checksum</code> flag only supports HTTP(S) sources.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=add---chown---chmod><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#add---chown---chmod>ADD --chown --chmod</a></h3><p>See <a class=link href=#copy---chown---chmod><code>COPY --chown --chmod</code></a>.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=add---link><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#add---link>ADD --link</a></h3><p>See <a class=link href=#copy---link><code>COPY --link</code></a>.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=add---exclude><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#add---exclude>ADD --exclude</a></h3><p>See <a class=link href=#copy---exclude><code>COPY --exclude</code></a>.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=copy><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#copy>COPY</a></h2><p>COPY has two forms. The latter form is required for paths containing whitespace.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSBbT1BUSU9OU10gPHNyYz4gLi4uIDxkZXN0PgpDT1BZIFtPUFRJT05TXSBbIjxzcmM+IiwgLi4uICI8ZGVzdD4iXQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> <span class=o>[</span>OPTIONS<span class=o>]</span> <src> ... <dest><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> <span class=o>[</span>OPTIONS<span class=o>]</span> <span class=o>[</span><span class=s2>"<src>"</span>, ... <span class=s2>"<dest>"</span><span class=o>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The available <code>[OPTIONS]</code> are:</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Option</th><th class=p-2>Minimum Dockerfile version</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#copy---from><code>--from</code></a></td><td class=p-2></td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#copy---chown---chmod><code>--chown</code></a></td><td class=p-2></td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#copy---chown---chmod><code>--chmod</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.2</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#copy---link><code>--link</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.4</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#copy---parents><code>--parents</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.7-labs</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><a class=link href=#copy---exclude><code>--exclude</code></a></td><td class=p-2>1.7-labs</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The <code>COPY</code> instruction copies new files or directories from <code><src></code> and adds them to the filesystem of the image at the path <code><dest></code>. Files and directories can be copied from the build context, build stage, named context, or an image.</p><p>The <code>ADD</code> and <code>COPY</code> instructions are functionally similar, but serve slightly different purposes. Learn more about the <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/building/best-practices/#add-or-copy rel=noopener>differences between <code>ADD</code> and <code>COPY</code><span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=source-1><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#source-1>Source</a></h3><p>You can specify multiple source files or directories with <code>COPY</code>. The last argument must always be the destination. For example, to copy two files, <code>file1.txt</code> and <code>file2.txt</code>, from the build context to <code>/usr/src/things/</code> in the build container:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSBmaWxlMS50eHQgZmlsZTIudHh0IC91c3Ivc3JjL3RoaW5ncy8=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> file1.txt file2.txt /usr/src/things/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If you specify multiple source files, either directly or using a wildcard, then the destination must be a directory (must end with a slash <code>/</code>).</p><p><code>COPY</code> accepts a flag <code>--from=<name></code> that lets you specify the source location to be a build stage, context, or image. The following example copies files from a stage named <code>build</code>:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBnb2xhbmcgQVMgYnVpbGQKV09SS0RJUiAvYXBwClJVTiAtLW1vdW50PXR5cGU9YmluZCx0YXJnZXQ9LiBnbyBidWlsZCAtbyAvbXlhcHAgLi9jbWQKCkNPUFkgLS1mcm9tPWJ1aWxkIC9teWFwcCAvdXNyL2Jpbi8=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> golang AS build</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> /app</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> --mount<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>type</span><span class=o>=</span>bind,target<span class=o>=</span>. go build -o /myapp ./cmd<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --from<span class=o>=</span>build /myapp /usr/bin/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>For more information about copying from named sources, see the <a class=link href=#copy---from><code>--from</code> flag</a>.</p><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=copying-from-the-build-context><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#copying-from-the-build-context>Copying from the build context</a></h4><p>When copying source files from the build context, paths are interpreted as relative to the root of the context.</p><p>Specifying a source path with a leading slash or one that navigates outside the build context, such as <code>COPY ../something /something</code>, automatically removes any parent directory navigation (<code>../</code>). Trailing slashes in the source path are also disregarded, making <code>COPY something/ /something</code> equivalent to <code>COPY something /something</code>.</p><p>If the source is a directory, the contents of the directory are copied, including filesystem metadata. The directory itself isn't copied, only its contents. If it contains subdirectories, these are also copied, and merged with any existing directories at the destination. Any conflicts are resolved in favor of the content being added, on a file-by-file basis, except if you're trying to copy a directory onto an existing file, in which case an error is raised.</p><p>If the source is a file, the file and its metadata are copied to the destination. File permissions are preserved. If the source is a file and a directory with the same name exists at the destination, an error is raised.</p><p>If you pass a Dockerfile through stdin to the build (<code>docker build - < Dockerfile</code>), there is no build context. In this case, you can only use the <code>COPY</code> instruction to copy files from other stages, named contexts, or images, using the <a class=link href=#copy---from><code>--from</code> flag</a>. You can also pass a tar archive through stdin: (<code>docker build - < archive.tar</code>), the Dockerfile at the root of the archive and the rest of the archive will be used as the context of the build.</p><p>When using a Git repository as the build context, the permissions bits for copied files are 644. If a file in the repository has the executable bit set, it will have permissions set to 755. Directories have permissions set to 755.</p><h5 class=scroll-mt-20 id=pattern-matching-1><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#pattern-matching-1>Pattern matching</a></h5><p>For local files, each <code><src></code> may contain wildcards and matching will be done using Go's <a class=link href=https://golang.org/pkg/path/filepath#Match rel=noopener>filepath.Match<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> rules.</p><p>For example, to add all files and directories in the root of the build context ending with <code>.png</code>:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSAqLnBuZyAvZGVzdC8=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> *.png /dest/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>In the following example, <code>?</code> is a single-character wildcard, matching e.g. <code>index.js</code> and <code>index.ts</code>.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSBpbmRleC4/cyAvZGVzdC8=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> index.?s /dest/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>When adding files or directories that contain special characters (such as <code>[</code> and <code>]</code>), you need to escape those paths following the Golang rules to prevent them from being treated as a matching pattern. For example, to add a file named <code>arr[0].txt</code>, use the following;</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSBhcnJbW10wXS50eHQgL2Rlc3Qv', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> arr<span class=o>[[]</span>0<span class=o>]</span>.txt /dest/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=destination-1><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#destination-1>Destination</a></h3><p>If the destination path begins with a forward slash, it's interpreted as an absolute path, and the source files are copied into the specified destination relative to the root of the current build stage.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBjcmVhdGUgL2Ficy90ZXN0LnR4dApDT1BZIHRlc3QudHh0IC9hYnMv', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># create /abs/test.txt</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> test.txt /abs/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Trailing slashes are significant. For example, <code>COPY test.txt /abs</code> creates a file at <code>/abs</code>, whereas <code>COPY test.txt /abs/</code> creates <code>/abs/test.txt</code>.</p><p>If the destination path doesn't begin with a leading slash, it's interpreted as relative to the working directory of the build container.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'V09SS0RJUiAvdXNyL3NyYy9hcHAKIyBjcmVhdGUgL3Vzci9zcmMvYXBwL3JlbC90ZXN0LnR4dApDT1BZIHRlc3QudHh0IHJlbC8=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> /usr/src/app</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># create /usr/src/app/rel/test.txt</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> test.txt rel/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If destination doesn't exist, it's created, along with all missing directories in its path.</p><p>If the source is a file, and the destination doesn't end with a trailing slash, the source file will be written to the destination path as a file.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=copy---from><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#copy---from>COPY --from</a></h3><p>By default, the <code>COPY</code> instruction copies files from the build context. The <code>COPY --from</code> flag lets you copy files from an image, a build stage, or a named context instead.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSBbLS1mcm9tPTxpbWFnZXxzdGFnZXxjb250ZXh0Pl0gPHNyYz4gLi4uIDxkZXN0Pg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> <span class=o>[</span>--from<span class=o>=</span><image<span class=p>|</span>stage<span class=p>|</span>context><span class=o>]</span> <src> ... <dest></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>To copy from a build stage in a <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/building/multi-stage/ rel=noopener>multi-stage build<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>, specify the name of the stage you want to copy from. You specify stage names using the <code>AS</code> keyword with the <code>FROM</code> instruction.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZSBBUyBidWlsZApDT1BZIC4gLgpSVU4gYXBrIGFkZCBjbGFuZwpSVU4gY2xhbmcgLW8gL2hlbGxvIGhlbGxvLmMKCkZST00gc2NyYXRjaApDT1BZIC0tZnJvbT1idWlsZCAvaGVsbG8gLw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine AS build</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> . .<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> apk add clang<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> clang -o /hello hello.c<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> scratch</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --from<span class=o>=</span>build /hello /</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>You can also copy files directly from named contexts (specified with <code>--build-context <name>=<source></code>) or images. The following example copies an <code>nginx.conf</code> file from the official Nginx image.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSAtLWZyb209bmdpbng6bGF0ZXN0IC9ldGMvbmdpbngvbmdpbnguY29uZiAvbmdpbnguY29uZg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> --from<span class=o>=</span>nginx:latest /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /nginx.conf</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The source path of <code>COPY --from</code> is always resolved from filesystem root of the image or stage that you specify.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=copy---chown---chmod><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#copy---chown---chmod>COPY --chown --chmod</a></h3><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p>Only octal notation is currently supported. Non-octal support is tracked in <a class=link href=https://github.com/moby/buildkit/issues/1951 rel=noopener>moby/buildkit#1951<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p></blockquote><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSBbLS1jaG93bj08dXNlcj46PGdyb3VwPl0gWy0tY2htb2Q9PHBlcm1zPiAuLi5dIDxzcmM+IC4uLiA8ZGVzdD4=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> <span class=o>[</span>--chown<span class=o>=</span><user>:<group><span class=o>]</span> <span class=o>[</span>--chmod<span class=o>=</span><perms> ...<span class=o>]</span> <src> ... <dest></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>--chown</code> and <code>--chmod</code> features are only supported on Dockerfiles used to build Linux containers, and doesn't work on Windows containers. Since user and group ownership concepts do not translate between Linux and Windows, the use of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/group</code> for translating user and group names to IDs restricts this feature to only be viable for Linux OS-based containers.</p><p>All files and directories copied from the build context are created with a UID and GID of <code>0</code> unless the optional <code>--chown</code> flag specifies a given username, groupname, or UID/GID combination to request specific ownership of the copied content. The format of the <code>--chown</code> flag allows for either username and groupname strings or direct integer UID and GID in any combination. Providing a username without groupname or a UID without GID will use the same numeric UID as the GID. If a username or groupname is provided, the container's root filesystem <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/group</code> files will be used to perform the translation from name to integer UID or GID respectively. The following examples show valid definitions for the <code>--chown</code> flag:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSAtLWNob3duPTU1Om15Z3JvdXAgZmlsZXMqIC9zb21lZGlyLwpDT1BZIC0tY2hvd249YmluIGZpbGVzKiAvc29tZWRpci8KQ09QWSAtLWNob3duPTEgZmlsZXMqIC9zb21lZGlyLwpDT1BZIC0tY2hvd249MTA6MTEgZmlsZXMqIC9zb21lZGlyLwpDT1BZIC0tY2hvd249bXl1c2VyOm15Z3JvdXAgLS1jaG1vZD02NDQgZmlsZXMqIC9zb21lZGlyLw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> --chown<span class=o>=</span>55:mygroup files* /somedir/<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --chown<span class=o>=</span>bin files* /somedir/<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --chown<span class=o>=</span><span class=m>1</span> files* /somedir/<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --chown<span class=o>=</span>10:11 files* /somedir/<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --chown<span class=o>=</span>myuser:mygroup --chmod<span class=o>=</span><span class=m>644</span> files* /somedir/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If the container root filesystem doesn't contain either <code>/etc/passwd</code> or <code>/etc/group</code> files and either user or group names are used in the <code>--chown</code> flag, the build will fail on the <code>COPY</code> operation. Using numeric IDs requires no lookup and does not depend on container root filesystem content.</p><p>With the Dockerfile syntax version 1.10.0 and later, the <code>--chmod</code> flag supports variable interpolation, which lets you define the permission bits using build arguments:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MS4xMApGUk9NIGFscGluZQpXT1JLRElSIC9zcmMKQVJHIE1PREU9NDQwCkNPUFkgLS1jaG1vZD0kTU9ERSAuIC4=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1.10</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> /src</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> <span class=nv>MODE</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=m>440</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> --chmod<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>$MODE</span> . .</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=copy---link><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#copy---link>COPY --link</a></h3><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSBbLS1saW5rWz08Ym9vbGVhbj5dXSA8c3JjPiAuLi4gPGRlc3Q+', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> <span class=o>[</span>--link<span class=o>[=</span><boolean><span class=o>]]</span> <src> ... <dest></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Enabling this flag in <code>COPY</code> or <code>ADD</code> commands allows you to copy files with enhanced semantics where your files remain independent on their own layer and don't get invalidated when commands on previous layers are changed.</p><p>When <code>--link</code> is used your source files are copied into an empty destination directory. That directory is turned into a layer that is linked on top of your previous state.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZQpDT1BZIC0tbGluayAvZm9vIC9iYXI=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --link /foo /bar</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Is equivalent of doing two builds:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBhbHBpbmU=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>and</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBzY3JhdGNoCkNPUFkgL2ZvbyAvYmFy', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> scratch</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> /foo /bar</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>and merging all the layers of both images together.</p><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=benefits-of-using---link><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#benefits-of-using---link>Benefits of using <code>--link</code></a></h4><p>Use <code>--link</code> to reuse already built layers in subsequent builds with <code>--cache-from</code> even if the previous layers have changed. This is especially important for multi-stage builds where a <code>COPY --from</code> statement would previously get invalidated if any previous commands in the same stage changed, causing the need to rebuild the intermediate stages again. With <code>--link</code> the layer the previous build generated is reused and merged on top of the new layers. This also means you can easily rebase your images when the base images receive updates, without having to execute the whole build again. In backends that support it, BuildKit can do this rebase action without the need to push or pull any layers between the client and the registry. BuildKit will detect this case and only create new image manifest that contains the new layers and old layers in correct order.</p><p>The same behavior where BuildKit can avoid pulling down the base image can also happen when using <code>--link</code> and no other commands that would require access to the files in the base image. In that case BuildKit will only build the layers for the <code>COPY</code> commands and push them to the registry directly on top of the layers of the base image.</p><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=incompatibilities-with---linkfalse><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#incompatibilities-with---linkfalse>Incompatibilities with <code>--link=false</code></a></h4><p>When using <code>--link</code> the <code>COPY/ADD</code> commands are not allowed to read any files from the previous state. This means that if in previous state the destination directory was a path that contained a symlink, <code>COPY/ADD</code> can not follow it. In the final image the destination path created with <code>--link</code> will always be a path containing only directories.</p><p>If you don't rely on the behavior of following symlinks in the destination path, using <code>--link</code> is always recommended. The performance of <code>--link</code> is equivalent or better than the default behavior and, it creates much better conditions for cache reuse.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=copy---parents><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#copy---parents>COPY --parents</a></h3><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p>Not yet available in stable syntax, use <a class=link href=#syntax><code>docker/dockerfile:1.7-labs</code></a> version.</p></blockquote><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSBbLS1wYXJlbnRzWz08Ym9vbGVhbj5dXSA8c3JjPiAuLi4gPGRlc3Q+', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> <span class=o>[</span>--parents<span class=o>[=</span><boolean><span class=o>]]</span> <src> ... <dest></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>--parents</code> flag preserves parent directories for <code>src</code> entries. This flag defaults to <code>false</code>.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MS1sYWJzCkZST00gc2NyYXRjaAoKQ09QWSAuL3gvYS50eHQgLi95L2EudHh0IC9ub19wYXJlbnRzLwpDT1BZIC0tcGFyZW50cyAuL3gvYS50eHQgLi95L2EudHh0IC9wYXJlbnRzLwoKIyAvbm9fcGFyZW50cy9hLnR4dAojIC9wYXJlbnRzL3gvYS50eHQKIyAvcGFyZW50cy95L2EudHh0', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1-labs</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> scratch</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> ./x/a.txt ./y/a.txt /no_parents/<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --parents ./x/a.txt ./y/a.txt /parents/<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># /no_parents/a.txt</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># /parents/x/a.txt</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># /parents/y/a.txt</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>This behavior is similar to the <a class=link href=https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/cp.1.html rel=noopener>Linux <code>cp</code> utility's<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> <code>--parents</code> or <a class=link href=https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/rsync.1.html rel=noopener><code>rsync</code><span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> <code>--relative</code> flag.</p><p>As with Rsync, it is possible to limit which parent directories are preserved by inserting a dot and a slash (<code>./</code>) into the source path. If such point exists, only parent directories after it will be preserved. This may be especially useful copies between stages with <code>--from</code> where the source paths need to be absolute.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MS1sYWJzCkZST00gc2NyYXRjaAoKQ09QWSAtLXBhcmVudHMgLi94Ly4veS8qLnR4dCAvcGFyZW50cy8KCiMgQnVpbGQgY29udGV4dDoKIyAuL3gveS9hLnR4dAojIC4veC95L2IudHh0CiMKIyBPdXRwdXQ6CiMgL3BhcmVudHMveS9hLnR4dAojIC9wYXJlbnRzL3kvYi50eHQ=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1-labs</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> scratch</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --parents ./x/./y/*.txt /parents/<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># Build context:</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># ./x/y/a.txt</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># ./x/y/b.txt</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c>#</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># Output:</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># /parents/y/a.txt</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># /parents/y/b.txt</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Note that, without the <code>--parents</code> flag specified, any filename collision will fail the Linux <code>cp</code> operation with an explicit error message (<code>cp: will not overwrite just-created './x/a.txt' with './y/a.txt'</code>), where the Buildkit will silently overwrite the target file at the destination.</p><p>While it is possible to preserve the directory structure for <code>COPY</code> instructions consisting of only one <code>src</code> entry, usually it is more beneficial to keep the layer count in the resulting image as low as possible. Therefore, with the <code>--parents</code> flag, the Buildkit is capable of packing multiple <code>COPY</code> instructions together, keeping the directory structure intact.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=copy---exclude><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#copy---exclude>COPY --exclude</a></h3><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p>Not yet available in stable syntax, use <a class=link href=#syntax><code>docker/dockerfile:1.7-labs</code></a> version.</p></blockquote><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Q09QWSBbLS1leGNsdWRlPTxwYXRoPiAuLi5dIDxzcmM+IC4uLiA8ZGVzdD4=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> <span class=o>[</span>--exclude<span class=o>=</span><path> ...<span class=o>]</span> <src> ... <dest></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>--exclude</code> flag lets you specify a path expression for files to be excluded.</p><p>The path expression follows the same format as <code><src></code>, supporting wildcards and matching using Go's <a class=link href=https://golang.org/pkg/path/filepath#Match rel=noopener>filepath.Match<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> rules. For example, to add all files starting with "hom", excluding files with a <code>.txt</code> extension:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MS1sYWJzCkZST00gc2NyYXRjaAoKQ09QWSAtLWV4Y2x1ZGU9Ki50eHQgaG9tKiAvbXlkaXIv', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1-labs</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> scratch</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --exclude<span class=o>=</span>*.txt hom* /mydir/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>You can specify the <code>--exclude</code> option multiple times for a <code>COPY</code> instruction. Multiple <code>--excludes</code> are files matching its patterns not to be copied, even if the files paths match the pattern specified in <code><src></code>. To add all files starting with "hom", excluding files with either <code>.txt</code> or <code>.md</code> extensions:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MS1sYWJzCkZST00gc2NyYXRjaAoKQ09QWSAtLWV4Y2x1ZGU9Ki50eHQgLS1leGNsdWRlPSoubWQgaG9tKiAvbXlkaXIv', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1-labs</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> scratch</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> --exclude<span class=o>=</span>*.txt --exclude<span class=o>=</span>*.md hom* /mydir/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=entrypoint><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#entrypoint>ENTRYPOINT</a></h2><p>An <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> allows you to configure a container that will run as an executable.</p><p><code>ENTRYPOINT</code> has two possible forms:</p><ul><li><p>The exec form, which is the preferred form:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RU5UUllQT0lOVCBbImV4ZWN1dGFibGUiLCAicGFyYW0xIiwgInBhcmFtMiJd', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENTRYPOINT</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"executable"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"param1"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"param2"</span><span class=p>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div></li><li><p>The shell form:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RU5UUllQT0lOVCBjb21tYW5kIHBhcmFtMSBwYXJhbTI=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENTRYPOINT</span> <span class=nb>command</span> param1 param2</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div></li></ul><p>For more information about the different forms, see <a class=link href=#shell-and-exec-form>Shell and exec form</a>.</p><p>The following command starts a container from the <code>nginx</code> with its default content, listening on port 80:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgcnVuIC1pIC10IC0tcm0gLXAgODA6ODAgbmdpbng=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker run -i -t --rm -p 80:80 nginx </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Command line arguments to <code>docker run <image></code> will be appended after all elements in an exec form <code>ENTRYPOINT</code>, and will override all elements specified using <code>CMD</code>.</p><p>This allows arguments to be passed to the entry point, i.e., <code>docker run <image> -d</code> will pass the <code>-d</code> argument to the entry point. You can override the <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> instruction using the <code>docker run --entrypoint</code> flag.</p><p>The shell form of <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> prevents any <code>CMD</code> command line arguments from being used. It also starts your <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> as a subcommand of <code>/bin/sh -c</code>, which does not pass signals. This means that the executable will not be the container's <code>PID 1</code>, and will not receive Unix signals. In this case, your executable doesn't receive a <code>SIGTERM</code> from <code>docker stop <container></code>.</p><p>Only the last <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> instruction in the Dockerfile will have an effect.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=exec-form-entrypoint-example><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#exec-form-entrypoint-example>Exec form ENTRYPOINT example</a></h3><p>You can use the exec form of <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> to set fairly stable default commands and arguments and then use either form of <code>CMD</code> to set additional defaults that are more likely to be changed.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKRU5UUllQT0lOVCBbInRvcCIsICItYiJdCkNNRCBbIi1jIl0=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENTRYPOINT</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"top"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"-b"</span><span class=p>]</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>CMD</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"-c"</span><span class=p>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>When you run the container, you can see that <code>top</code> is the only process:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: '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', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker run -it --rm --name <span class=nb>test</span> top -H </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>top - 08:25:00 up 7:27, 0 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Threads: 1 total, 1 running, 0 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=gp>%</span>Cpu<span class=o>(</span>s<span class=o>)</span>: 0.1 us, 0.1 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>KiB Mem: 2056668 total, 1616832 used, 439836 free, 99352 buffers </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>KiB Swap: 1441840 total, 0 used, 1441840 free. 1324440 cached Mem </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go> PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> 1 root 20 0 19744 2336 2080 R 0.0 0.1 0:00.04 top </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>To examine the result further, you can use <code>docker exec</code>:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgZXhlYyAtaXQgdGVzdCBwcyBhdXgKClVTRVIgICAgICAgUElEICVDUFUgJU1FTSAgICBWU1ogICBSU1MgVFRZICAgICAgU1RBVCBTVEFSVCAgIFRJTUUgQ09NTUFORApyb290ICAgICAgICAgMSAgMi42ICAwLjEgIDE5NzUyICAyMzUyID8gICAgICAgIFNzKyAgMDg6MjQgICAwOjAwIHRvcCAtYiAtSApyb290ICAgICAgICAgNyAgMC4wICAwLjEgIDE1NTcyICAyMTY0ID8gICAgICAgIFIrICAgMDg6MjUgICAwOjAwIHBzIGF1eA==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker <span class=nb>exec</span> -it <span class=nb>test</span> ps aux </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>root 1 2.6 0.1 19752 2352 ? Ss+ 08:24 0:00 top -b -H </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>root 7 0.0 0.1 15572 2164 ? R+ 08:25 0:00 ps aux </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>And you can gracefully request <code>top</code> to shut down using <code>docker stop test</code>.</p><p>The following Dockerfile shows using the <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> to run Apache in the foreground (i.e., as <code>PID 1</code>):</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBkZWJpYW46c3RhYmxlClJVTiBhcHQtZ2V0IHVwZGF0ZSAmJiBhcHQtZ2V0IGluc3RhbGwgLXkgLS1mb3JjZS15ZXMgYXBhY2hlMgpFWFBPU0UgODAgNDQzClZPTFVNRSBbIi92YXIvd3d3IiwgIi92YXIvbG9nL2FwYWNoZTIiLCAiL2V0Yy9hcGFjaGUyIl0KRU5UUllQT0lOVCBbIi91c3Ivc2Jpbi9hcGFjaGUyY3RsIiwgIi1EIiwgIkZPUkVHUk9VTkQiXQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> debian:stable</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> apt-get update <span class=o>&&</span> apt-get install -y --force-yes apache2<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>EXPOSE</span><span class=s> 80 443</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>VOLUME</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"/var/www"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"/var/log/apache2"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"/etc/apache2"</span><span class=p>]</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENTRYPOINT</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"/usr/sbin/apache2ctl"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"-D"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"FOREGROUND"</span><span class=p>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If you need to write a starter script for a single executable, you can ensure that the final executable receives the Unix signals by using <code>exec</code> and <code>gosu</code> commands:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyEvdXNyL2Jpbi9lbnYgYmFzaApzZXQgLWUKCmlmIFsgIiQxIiA9ICdwb3N0Z3JlcycgXTsgdGhlbgogICAgY2hvd24gLVIgcG9zdGdyZXMgIiRQR0RBVEEiCgogICAgaWYgWyAteiAiJChscyAtQSAiJFBHREFUQSIpIiBdOyB0aGVuCiAgICAgICAgZ29zdSBwb3N0Z3JlcyBpbml0ZGIKICAgIGZpCgogICAgZXhlYyBnb3N1IHBvc3RncmVzICIkQCIKZmkKCmV4ZWMgIiRAIg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=cp>#!/usr/bin/env bash </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=cp></span><span class=nb>set</span> -e </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>if</span> <span class=o>[</span> <span class=s2>"</span><span class=nv>$1</span><span class=s2>"</span> <span class=o>=</span> <span class=s1>'postgres'</span> <span class=o>]</span><span class=p>;</span> <span class=k>then</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> chown -R postgres <span class=s2>"</span><span class=nv>$PGDATA</span><span class=s2>"</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=k>if</span> <span class=o>[</span> -z <span class=s2>"</span><span class=k>$(</span>ls -A <span class=s2>"</span><span class=nv>$PGDATA</span><span class=s2>"</span><span class=k>)</span><span class=s2>"</span> <span class=o>]</span><span class=p>;</span> <span class=k>then</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> gosu postgres initdb </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=k>fi</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> <span class=nb>exec</span> gosu postgres <span class=s2>"</span><span class=nv>$@</span><span class=s2>"</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>fi</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nb>exec</span> <span class=s2>"</span><span class=nv>$@</span><span class=s2>"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Lastly, if you need to do some extra cleanup (or communicate with other containers) on shutdown, or are co-ordinating more than one executable, you may need to ensure that the <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> script receives the Unix signals, passes them on, and then does some more work:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: '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', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=cp>#!/bin/sh </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=cp></span><span class=c1># Note: I've written this using sh so it works in the busybox container too</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># USE the trap if you need to also do manual cleanup after the service is stopped,</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># or need to start multiple services in the one container</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nb>trap</span> <span class=s2>"echo TRAPed signal"</span> HUP INT QUIT TERM </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># start service in background here</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>/usr/sbin/apachectl start </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s2>"[hit enter key to exit] or run 'docker stop <container>'"</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nb>read</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># stop service and clean up here</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s2>"stopping apache"</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>/usr/sbin/apachectl stop </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s2>"exited </span><span class=nv>$0</span><span class=s2>"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If you run this image with <code>docker run -it --rm -p 80:80 --name test apache</code>, you can then examine the container's processes with <code>docker exec</code>, or <code>docker top</code>, and then ask the script to stop Apache:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: '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', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker <span class=nb>exec</span> -it <span class=nb>test</span> ps aux </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>root 1 0.1 0.0 4448 692 ? Ss+ 00:42 0:00 /bin/sh /run.sh 123 cmd cmd2 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>root 19 0.0 0.2 71304 4440 ? Ss 00:42 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>www-data 20 0.2 0.2 360468 6004 ? Sl 00:42 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>www-data 21 0.2 0.2 360468 6000 ? Sl 00:42 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>root 81 0.0 0.1 15572 2140 ? R+ 00:44 0:00 ps aux </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=gp>$</span> docker top <span class=nb>test</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>PID USER COMMAND </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>10035 root {run.sh} /bin/sh /run.sh 123 cmd cmd2 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>10054 root /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>10055 33 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>10056 33 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=gp>$</span> /usr/bin/time docker stop <span class=nb>test</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>test </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>real 0m 0.27s </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>user 0m 0.03s </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>sys 0m 0.03s </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p>You can override the <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> setting using <code>--entrypoint</code>, but this can only set the binary to exec (no <code>sh -c</code> will be used).</p></blockquote><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=shell-form-entrypoint-example><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#shell-form-entrypoint-example>Shell form ENTRYPOINT example</a></h3><p>You can specify a plain string for the <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> and it will execute in <code>/bin/sh -c</code>. This form will use shell processing to substitute shell environment variables, and will ignore any <code>CMD</code> or <code>docker run</code> command line arguments. To ensure that <code>docker stop</code> will signal any long running <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> executable correctly, you need to remember to start it with <code>exec</code>:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKRU5UUllQT0lOVCBleGVjIHRvcCAtYg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENTRYPOINT</span> <span class=nb>exec</span> top -b</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>When you run this image, you'll see the single <code>PID 1</code> process:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgcnVuIC1pdCAtLXJtIC0tbmFtZSB0ZXN0IHRvcAoKTWVtOiAxNzA0NTIwSyB1c2VkLCAzNTIxNDhLIGZyZWUsIDBLIHNocmQsIDBLIGJ1ZmYsIDE0MDM2ODEyMTE2Nzg3M0sgY2FjaGVkCkNQVTogICA1JSB1c3IgICAwJSBzeXMgICAwJSBuaWMgIDk0JSBpZGxlICAgMCUgaW8gICAwJSBpcnEgICAwJSBzaXJxCkxvYWQgYXZlcmFnZTogMC4wOCAwLjAzIDAuMDUgMi85OCA2CiAgUElEICBQUElEIFVTRVIgICAgIFNUQVQgICBWU1ogJVZTWiAlQ1BVIENPTU1BTkQKICAgIDEgICAgIDAgcm9vdCAgICAgUiAgICAgMzE2NCAgIDAlICAgMCUgdG9wIC1i', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker run -it --rm --name <span class=nb>test</span> top </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>Mem: 1704520K used, 352148K free, 0K shrd, 0K buff, 140368121167873K cached </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>CPU: 5% usr 0% sys 0% nic 94% idle 0% io 0% irq 0% sirq </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Load average: 0.08 0.03 0.05 2/98 6 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> PID PPID USER STAT VSZ %VSZ %CPU COMMAND </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> 1 0 root R 3164 0% 0% top -b </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Which exits cleanly on <code>docker stop</code>:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCAvdXNyL2Jpbi90aW1lIGRvY2tlciBzdG9wIHRlc3QKCnRlc3QKcmVhbAkwbSAwLjIwcwp1c2VyCTBtIDAuMDJzCnN5cwkwbSAwLjA0cw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> /usr/bin/time docker stop <span class=nb>test</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>test </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>real 0m 0.20s </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>user 0m 0.02s </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>sys 0m 0.04s </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If you forget to add <code>exec</code> to the beginning of your <code>ENTRYPOINT</code>:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKRU5UUllQT0lOVCB0b3AgLWIKQ01EIC0tIC0taWdub3JlZC1wYXJhbTE=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENTRYPOINT</span> top -b<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>CMD</span> -- --ignored-param1</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>You can then run it (giving it a name for the next step):</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: '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', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker run -it --name <span class=nb>test</span> top --ignored-param2 </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>top - 13:58:24 up 17 min, 0 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Tasks: 2 total, 1 running, 1 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=gp>%</span>Cpu<span class=o>(</span>s<span class=o>)</span>: 16.7 us, 33.3 sy, 0.0 ni, 50.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>MiB Mem : 1990.8 total, 1354.6 free, 231.4 used, 404.7 buff/cache </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>MiB Swap: 1024.0 total, 1024.0 free, 0.0 used. 1639.8 avail Mem </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go> PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> 1 root 20 0 2612 604 536 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 sh </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> 6 root 20 0 5956 3188 2768 R 0.0 0.2 0:00.00 top </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>You can see from the output of <code>top</code> that the specified <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> is not <code>PID 1</code>.</p><p>If you then run <code>docker stop test</code>, the container will not exit cleanly - the <code>stop</code> command will be forced to send a <code>SIGKILL</code> after the timeout:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: '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', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker <span class=nb>exec</span> -it <span class=nb>test</span> ps waux </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>root 1 0.4 0.0 2612 604 pts/0 Ss+ 13:58 0:00 /bin/sh -c top -b --ignored-param2 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>root 6 0.0 0.1 5956 3188 pts/0 S+ 13:58 0:00 top -b </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>root 7 0.0 0.1 5884 2816 pts/1 Rs+ 13:58 0:00 ps waux </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=gp>$</span> /usr/bin/time docker stop <span class=nb>test</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>test </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>real 0m 10.19s </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>user 0m 0.04s </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>sys 0m 0.03s </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=understand-how-cmd-and-entrypoint-interact><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#understand-how-cmd-and-entrypoint-interact>Understand how CMD and ENTRYPOINT interact</a></h3><p>Both <code>CMD</code> and <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> instructions define what command gets executed when running a container. There are few rules that describe their co-operation.</p><ol><li><p>Dockerfile should specify at least one of <code>CMD</code> or <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> commands.</p></li><li><p><code>ENTRYPOINT</code> should be defined when using the container as an executable.</p></li><li><p><code>CMD</code> should be used as a way of defining default arguments for an <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> command or for executing an ad-hoc command in a container.</p></li><li><p><code>CMD</code> will be overridden when running the container with alternative arguments.</p></li></ol><p>The table below shows what command is executed for different <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> / <code>CMD</code> combinations:</p><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2 style=text-align:left></th><th class=p-2 style=text-align:left>No ENTRYPOINT</th><th class=p-2 style=text-align:left>ENTRYPOINT exec_entry p1_entry</th><th class=p-2 style=text-align:left>ENTRYPOINT ["exec_entry", "p1_entry"]</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><strong>No CMD</strong></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>error, not allowed</td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>/bin/sh -c exec_entry p1_entry</td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>exec_entry p1_entry</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><strong>CMD ["exec_cmd", "p1_cmd"]</strong></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>exec_cmd p1_cmd</td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>/bin/sh -c exec_entry p1_entry</td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>exec_entry p1_entry exec_cmd p1_cmd</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left><strong>CMD exec_cmd p1_cmd</strong></td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>/bin/sh -c exec_cmd p1_cmd</td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>/bin/sh -c exec_entry p1_entry</td><td class=p-2 style=text-align:left>exec_entry p1_entry /bin/sh -c exec_cmd p1_cmd</td></tr></tbody></table></div><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-blue-light dark:border-blue-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-blue-light dark:text-blue-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M483.18-280q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-180q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v180q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63zm-3.2-314q14.02.0 23.52-9.2T513-626q0-14.45-9.48-24.22-9.48-9.78-23.5-9.78t-23.52 9.78Q447-640.45 447-626q0 13.6 9.48 22.8 9.48 9.2 23.5 9.2zm.29 514q-82.74.0-155.5-31.5Q252-143 197.5-197.5t-86-127.34Q80-397.68 80-480.5t31.5-155.66T197.5-763t127.34-85.5Q397.68-880 480.5-880t155.66 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480.27q0 82.74-31.5 155.5Q817-252 763-197.68q-54 54.31-127 86Q563-80 480.27-80z"/></svg> </span><strong>Note</strong></p><p>If <code>CMD</code> is defined from the base image, setting <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> will reset <code>CMD</code> to an empty value. In this scenario, <code>CMD</code> must be defined in the current image to have a value.</p></blockquote><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=volume><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#volume>VOLUME</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Vk9MVU1FIFsiL2RhdGEiXQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>VOLUME</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"/data"</span><span class=p>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>VOLUME</code> instruction creates a mount point with the specified name and marks it as holding externally mounted volumes from native host or other containers. The value can be a JSON array, <code>VOLUME ["/var/log/"]</code>, or a plain string with multiple arguments, such as <code>VOLUME /var/log</code> or <code>VOLUME /var/log /var/db</code>. For more information/examples and mounting instructions via the Docker client, refer to <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/ rel=noopener><em>Share Directories via Volumes</em><span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> documentation.</p><p>The <code>docker run</code> command initializes the newly created volume with any data that exists at the specified location within the base image. For example, consider the following Dockerfile snippet:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKUlVOIG1rZGlyIC9teXZvbApSVU4gZWNobyAiaGVsbG8gd29ybGQiID4gL215dm9sL2dyZWV0aW5nClZPTFVNRSAvbXl2b2w=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> mkdir /myvol<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s2>"hello world"</span> > /myvol/greeting<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>VOLUME</span><span class=s> /myvol</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>This Dockerfile results in an image that causes <code>docker run</code> to create a new mount point at <code>/myvol</code> and copy the <code>greeting</code> file into the newly created volume.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=notes-about-specifying-volumes><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#notes-about-specifying-volumes>Notes about specifying volumes</a></h3><p>Keep the following things in mind about volumes in the Dockerfile.</p><ul><li><p><strong>Volumes on Windows-based containers</strong>: When using Windows-based containers, the destination of a volume inside the container must be one of:</p><ul><li>a non-existing or empty directory</li><li>a drive other than <code>C:</code></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Changing the volume from within the Dockerfile</strong>: If any build steps change the data within the volume after it has been declared, those changes will be discarded when using the legacy builder. When using Buildkit, the changes will instead be kept.</p></li><li><p><strong>JSON formatting</strong>: The list is parsed as a JSON array. You must enclose words with double quotes (<code>"</code>) rather than single quotes (<code>'</code>).</p></li><li><p><strong>The host directory is declared at container run-time</strong>: The host directory (the mountpoint) is, by its nature, host-dependent. This is to preserve image portability, since a given host directory can't be guaranteed to be available on all hosts. For this reason, you can't mount a host directory from within the Dockerfile. The <code>VOLUME</code> instruction does not support specifying a <code>host-dir</code> parameter. You must specify the mountpoint when you create or run the container.</p></li></ul><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=user><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#user>USER</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'VVNFUiA8dXNlcj5bOjxncm91cD5d', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>USER</span><span class=s> <user>[:<group>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>or</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'VVNFUiA8VUlEPls6PEdJRD5d', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>USER</span><span class=s> <UID>[:<GID>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>USER</code> instruction sets the user name (or UID) and optionally the user group (or GID) to use as the default user and group for the remainder of the current stage. The specified user is used for <code>RUN</code> instructions and at runtime, runs the relevant <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> and <code>CMD</code> commands.</p><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 text-gray-light dark:text-gray-dark"><p>Note that when specifying a group for the user, the user will have <em>only</em> the specified group membership. Any other configured group memberships will be ignored.</p></blockquote><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-amber-light dark:border-amber-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-amber-light dark:text-amber-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M92-120q-9 0-15.65-4.13Q69.7-128.25 66-135q-4.17-6.6-4.58-14.3Q61-157 66-165l388-670q5-8 11.5-11.5T480-850t14.5 3.5T506-835l388 670q5 8 4.58 15.7-.41 7.7-4.58 14.3-3.7 6.75-10.35 10.87Q877-120 868-120H92zm392.18-117q12.82.0 21.32-8.68 8.5-8.67 8.5-21.5.0-12.82-8.68-21.32-8.67-8.5-21.5-8.5-12.82.0-21.32 8.68-8.5 8.67-8.5 21.5.0 12.82 8.68 21.32 8.67 8.5 21.5 8.5zm0-111q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-164q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v164q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63z"/></svg> </span><strong>Warning</strong></p><p>When the user doesn't have a primary group then the image (or the next instructions) will be run with the <code>root</code> group.</p><p>On Windows, the user must be created first if it's not a built-in account. This can be done with the <code>net user</code> command called as part of a Dockerfile.</p></blockquote><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBtaWNyb3NvZnQvd2luZG93c3NlcnZlcmNvcmUKIyBDcmVhdGUgV2luZG93cyB1c2VyIGluIHRoZSBjb250YWluZXIKUlVOIG5ldCB1c2VyIC9hZGQgcGF0cmljawojIFNldCBpdCBmb3Igc3Vic2VxdWVudCBjb21tYW5kcwpVU0VSIHBhdHJpY2s=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> microsoft/windowsservercore</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># Create Windows user in the container</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> net user /add patrick<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># Set it for subsequent commands</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>USER</span><span class=s> patrick</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=workdir><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#workdir>WORKDIR</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'V09SS0RJUiAvcGF0aC90by93b3JrZGly', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> /path/to/workdir</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>WORKDIR</code> instruction sets the working directory for any <code>RUN</code>, <code>CMD</code>, <code>ENTRYPOINT</code>, <code>COPY</code> and <code>ADD</code> instructions that follow it in the Dockerfile. If the <code>WORKDIR</code> doesn't exist, it will be created even if it's not used in any subsequent Dockerfile instruction.</p><p>The <code>WORKDIR</code> instruction can be used multiple times in a Dockerfile. If a relative path is provided, it will be relative to the path of the previous <code>WORKDIR</code> instruction. For example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'V09SS0RJUiAvYQpXT1JLRElSIGIKV09SS0RJUiBjClJVTiBwd2Q=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> /a</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> b</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> c</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> pwd</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The output of the final <code>pwd</code> command in this Dockerfile would be <code>/a/b/c</code>.</p><p>The <code>WORKDIR</code> instruction can resolve environment variables previously set using <code>ENV</code>. You can only use environment variables explicitly set in the Dockerfile. For example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RU5WIERJUlBBVEg9L3BhdGgKV09SS0RJUiAkRElSUEFUSC8kRElSTkFNRQpSVU4gcHdk', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>DIRPATH</span><span class=o>=</span>/path<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> $DIRPATH/$DIRNAME</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> pwd</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The output of the final <code>pwd</code> command in this Dockerfile would be <code>/path/$DIRNAME</code></p><p>If not specified, the default working directory is <code>/</code>. In practice, if you aren't building a Dockerfile from scratch (<code>FROM scratch</code>), the <code>WORKDIR</code> may likely be set by the base image you're using.</p><p>Therefore, to avoid unintended operations in unknown directories, it's best practice to set your <code>WORKDIR</code> explicitly.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=arg><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#arg>ARG</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'QVJHIDxuYW1lPls9PGRlZmF1bHQgdmFsdWU+XSBbPG5hbWU+Wz08ZGVmYXVsdCB2YWx1ZT5dLi4uXQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ARG</span> <name><span class=o>[=</span><default value><span class=o>]</span> <span class=o>[</span><name><span class=o>[=</span><default value><span class=o>]</span>...<span class=o>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>ARG</code> instruction defines a variable that users can pass at build-time to the builder with the <code>docker build</code> command using the <code>--build-arg <varname>=<value></code> flag.</p><blockquote class="px-4 border-l-4 border-amber-light dark:border-amber-dark"><p class="flex gap-2 items-center text-amber-light dark:text-amber-dark"><span class="icon-svg pb-1"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M92-120q-9 0-15.65-4.13Q69.7-128.25 66-135q-4.17-6.6-4.58-14.3Q61-157 66-165l388-670q5-8 11.5-11.5T480-850t14.5 3.5T506-835l388 670q5 8 4.58 15.7-.41 7.7-4.58 14.3-3.7 6.75-10.35 10.87Q877-120 868-120H92zm392.18-117q12.82.0 21.32-8.68 8.5-8.67 8.5-21.5.0-12.82-8.68-21.32-8.67-8.5-21.5-8.5-12.82.0-21.32 8.68-8.5 8.67-8.5 21.5.0 12.82 8.68 21.32 8.67 8.5 21.5 8.5zm0-111q12.82.0 21.32-8.63 8.5-8.62 8.5-21.37v-164q0-12.75-8.68-21.38-8.67-8.62-21.5-8.62-12.82.0-21.32 8.62-8.5 8.63-8.5 21.38v164q0 12.75 8.68 21.37 8.67 8.63 21.5 8.63z"/></svg> </span><strong>Warning</strong></p><p>It isn't recommended to use build arguments for passing secrets such as user credentials, API tokens, etc. Build arguments are visible in the <code>docker history</code> command and in <code>max</code> mode provenance attestations, which are attached to the image by default if you use the Buildx GitHub Actions and your GitHub repository is public.</p><p>Refer to the <a class=link href=#run---mounttypesecret><code>RUN --mount=type=secret</code></a> section to learn about secure ways to use secrets when building images.</p></blockquote><p>A Dockerfile may include one or more <code>ARG</code> instructions. For example, the following is a valid Dockerfile:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBidXN5Ym94CkFSRyB1c2VyMQpBUkcgYnVpbGRubwojIC4uLg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> busybox</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> user1<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> buildno<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># ...</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=default-values><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#default-values>Default values</a></h3><p>An <code>ARG</code> instruction can optionally include a default value:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBidXN5Ym94CkFSRyB1c2VyMT1zb21ldXNlcgpBUkcgYnVpbGRubz0xCiMgLi4u', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> busybox</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> <span class=nv>user1</span><span class=o>=</span>someuser </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ARG</span> <span class=nv>buildno</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=m>1</span> </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># ...</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If an <code>ARG</code> instruction has a default value and if there is no value passed at build-time, the builder uses the default.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=scope><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#scope>Scope</a></h3><p>An <code>ARG</code> variable comes into effect from the line on which it is declared in the Dockerfile. For example, consider this Dockerfile:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBidXN5Ym94ClVTRVIgJHt1c2VybmFtZTotc29tZV91c2VyfQpBUkcgdXNlcm5hbWUKVVNFUiAkdXNlcm5hbWUKIyAuLi4=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> busybox</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>USER</span><span class=s> ${username:-some_user}</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> username<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>USER</span><span class=s> $username</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># ...</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>A user builds this file by calling:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGQgLS1idWlsZC1hcmcgdXNlcm5hbWU9d2hhdF91c2VyIC4=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker build --build-arg <span class=nv>username</span><span class=o>=</span>what_user . </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><ul><li>The <code>USER</code> instruction on line 2 evaluates to the <code>some_user</code> fallback, because the <code>username</code> variable is not yet declared.</li><li>The <code>username</code> variable is declared on line 3, and available for reference in Dockerfile instruction from that point onwards.</li><li>The <code>USER</code> instruction on line 4 evaluates to <code>what_user</code>, since at that point the <code>username</code> argument has a value of <code>what_user</code> which was passed on the command line. Prior to its definition by an <code>ARG</code> instruction, any use of a variable results in an empty string.</li></ul><p>An <code>ARG</code> variable declared within a build stage is automatically inherited by other stages based on that stage. Unrelated build stages do not have access to the variable. To use an argument in multiple distinct stages, each stage must include the <code>ARG</code> instruction, or they must both be based on a shared base stage in the same Dockerfile where the variable is declared.</p><p>For more information, refer to <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/building/variables/#scoping rel=noopener>variable scoping<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=using-arg-variables><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#using-arg-variables>Using ARG variables</a></h3><p>You can use an <code>ARG</code> or an <code>ENV</code> instruction to specify variables that are available to the <code>RUN</code> instruction. Environment variables defined using the <code>ENV</code> instruction always override an <code>ARG</code> instruction of the same name. Consider this Dockerfile with an <code>ENV</code> and <code>ARG</code> instruction.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKQVJHIENPTlRfSU1HX1ZFUgpFTlYgQ09OVF9JTUdfVkVSPXYxLjAuMApSVU4gZWNobyAkQ09OVF9JTUdfVkVS', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> CONT_IMG_VER<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>CONT_IMG_VER</span><span class=o>=</span>v1.0.0<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=nv>$CONT_IMG_VER</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Then, assume this image is built with this command:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGQgLS1idWlsZC1hcmcgQ09OVF9JTUdfVkVSPXYyLjAuMSAu', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker build --build-arg <span class=nv>CONT_IMG_VER</span><span class=o>=</span>v2.0.1 . </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>In this case, the <code>RUN</code> instruction uses <code>v1.0.0</code> instead of the <code>ARG</code> setting passed by the user:<code>v2.0.1</code> This behavior is similar to a shell script where a locally scoped variable overrides the variables passed as arguments or inherited from environment, from its point of definition.</p><p>Using the example above but a different <code>ENV</code> specification you can create more useful interactions between <code>ARG</code> and <code>ENV</code> instructions:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKQVJHIENPTlRfSU1HX1ZFUgpFTlYgQ09OVF9JTUdfVkVSPSR7Q09OVF9JTUdfVkVSOi12MS4wLjB9ClJVTiBlY2hvICRDT05UX0lNR19WRVI=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> CONT_IMG_VER<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>CONT_IMG_VER</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=si>${</span><span class=nv>CONT_IMG_VER</span><span class=k>:-</span><span class=nv>v1</span><span class=p>.0.0</span><span class=si>}</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=nv>$CONT_IMG_VER</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Unlike an <code>ARG</code> instruction, <code>ENV</code> values are always persisted in the built image. Consider a docker build without the <code>--build-arg</code> flag:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGQgLg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker build . </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Using this Dockerfile example, <code>CONT_IMG_VER</code> is still persisted in the image but its value would be <code>v1.0.0</code> as it is the default set in line 3 by the <code>ENV</code> instruction.</p><p>The variable expansion technique in this example allows you to pass arguments from the command line and persist them in the final image by leveraging the <code>ENV</code> instruction. Variable expansion is only supported for <a class=link href=#environment-replacement>a limited set of Dockerfile instructions.</a></p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=predefined-args><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#predefined-args>Predefined ARGs</a></h3><p>Docker has a set of predefined <code>ARG</code> variables that you can use without a corresponding <code>ARG</code> instruction in the Dockerfile.</p><ul><li><code>HTTP_PROXY</code></li><li><code>http_proxy</code></li><li><code>HTTPS_PROXY</code></li><li><code>https_proxy</code></li><li><code>FTP_PROXY</code></li><li><code>ftp_proxy</code></li><li><code>NO_PROXY</code></li><li><code>no_proxy</code></li><li><code>ALL_PROXY</code></li><li><code>all_proxy</code></li></ul><p>To use these, pass them on the command line using the <code>--build-arg</code> flag, for example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGQgLS1idWlsZC1hcmcgSFRUUFNfUFJPWFk9aHR0cHM6Ly9teS1wcm94eS5leGFtcGxlLmNvbSAu', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker build --build-arg <span class=nv>HTTPS_PROXY</span><span class=o>=</span>https://my-proxy.example.com . </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>By default, these pre-defined variables are excluded from the output of <code>docker history</code>. Excluding them reduces the risk of accidentally leaking sensitive authentication information in an <code>HTTP_PROXY</code> variable.</p><p>For example, consider building the following Dockerfile using <code>--build-arg HTTP_PROXY=http://user:pass@proxy.lon.example.com</code></p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKUlVOIGVjaG8gIkhlbGxvIFdvcmxkIg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s2>"Hello World"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>In this case, the value of the <code>HTTP_PROXY</code> variable is not available in the <code>docker history</code> and is not cached. If you were to change location, and your proxy server changed to <code>http://user:pass@proxy.sfo.example.com</code>, a subsequent build does not result in a cache miss.</p><p>If you need to override this behaviour then you may do so by adding an <code>ARG</code> statement in the Dockerfile as follows:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKQVJHIEhUVFBfUFJPWFkKUlVOIGVjaG8gIkhlbGxvIFdvcmxkIg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> HTTP_PROXY<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s2>"Hello World"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>When building this Dockerfile, the <code>HTTP_PROXY</code> is preserved in the <code>docker history</code>, and changing its value invalidates the build cache.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=automatic-platform-args-in-the-global-scope><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#automatic-platform-args-in-the-global-scope>Automatic platform ARGs in the global scope</a></h3><p>This feature is only available when using the <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/buildkit/ rel=noopener>BuildKit<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> backend.</p><p>BuildKit supports a predefined set of <code>ARG</code> variables with information on the platform of the node performing the build (build platform) and on the platform of the resulting image (target platform). The target platform can be specified with the <code>--platform</code> flag on <code>docker build</code>.</p><p>The following <code>ARG</code> variables are set automatically:</p><ul><li><code>TARGETPLATFORM</code> - platform of the build result. Eg <code>linux/amd64</code>, <code>linux/arm/v7</code>, <code>windows/amd64</code>.</li><li><code>TARGETOS</code> - OS component of TARGETPLATFORM</li><li><code>TARGETARCH</code> - architecture component of TARGETPLATFORM</li><li><code>TARGETVARIANT</code> - variant component of TARGETPLATFORM</li><li><code>BUILDPLATFORM</code> - platform of the node performing the build.</li><li><code>BUILDOS</code> - OS component of BUILDPLATFORM</li><li><code>BUILDARCH</code> - architecture component of BUILDPLATFORM</li><li><code>BUILDVARIANT</code> - variant component of BUILDPLATFORM</li></ul><p>These arguments are defined in the global scope so are not automatically available inside build stages or for your <code>RUN</code> commands. To expose one of these arguments inside the build stage redefine it without value.</p><p>For example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSBhbHBpbmUKQVJHIFRBUkdFVFBMQVRGT1JNClJVTiBlY2hvICJJJ20gYnVpbGRpbmcgZm9yICRUQVJHRVRQTEFURk9STSI=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> TARGETPLATFORM<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s2>"I'm building for </span><span class=nv>$TARGETPLATFORM</span><span class=s2>"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=buildkit-built-in-build-args><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#buildkit-built-in-build-args>BuildKit built-in build args</a></h3><div class=overflow-x-auto><table><thead class="bg-gray-light-100 dark:bg-gray-dark-200"><tr><th class=p-2>Arg</th><th class=p-2>Type</th><th class=p-2>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td class=p-2><code>BUILDKIT_CACHE_MOUNT_NS</code></td><td class=p-2>String</td><td class=p-2>Set optional cache ID namespace.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>BUILDKIT_CONTEXT_KEEP_GIT_DIR</code></td><td class=p-2>Bool</td><td class=p-2>Trigger Git context to keep the <code>.git</code> directory.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>BUILDKIT_INLINE_CACHE</code><sup id=fnref:2><a href=#fn:2 class=footnote-ref role=doc-noteref>2</a></sup></td><td class=p-2>Bool</td><td class=p-2>Inline cache metadata to image config or not.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>BUILDKIT_MULTI_PLATFORM</code></td><td class=p-2>Bool</td><td class=p-2>Opt into deterministic output regardless of multi-platform output or not.</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>BUILDKIT_SANDBOX_HOSTNAME</code></td><td class=p-2>String</td><td class=p-2>Set the hostname (default <code>buildkitsandbox</code>)</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>BUILDKIT_SYNTAX</code></td><td class=p-2>String</td><td class=p-2>Set frontend image</td></tr><tr><td class=p-2><code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code></td><td class=p-2>Int</td><td class=p-2>Set the Unix timestamp for created image and layers. More info from <a class=link href=https://reproducible-builds.org/docs/source-date-epoch/ rel=noopener>reproducible builds<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a>. Supported since Dockerfile 1.5, BuildKit 0.11</td></tr></tbody></table></div><h4 class=scroll-mt-20 id=example-keep-git-dir><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#example-keep-git-dir>Example: keep <code>.git</code> dir</a></h4><p>When using a Git context, <code>.git</code> dir is not kept on checkouts. It can be useful to keep it around if you want to retrieve git information during your build:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZQpXT1JLRElSIC9zcmMKUlVOIC0tbW91bnQ9dGFyZ2V0PS4gXAogIG1ha2UgUkVWSVNJT049JChnaXQgcmV2LXBhcnNlIEhFQUQpIGJ1aWxk', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>WORKDIR</span><span class=s> /src</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> --mount<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>target</span><span class=o>=</span>. <span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span> make <span class=nv>REVISION</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=k>$(</span>git rev-parse HEAD<span class=k>)</span> build</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGQgLS1idWlsZC1hcmcgQlVJTERLSVRfQ09OVEVYVF9LRUVQX0dJVF9ESVI9MSBodHRwczovL2dpdGh1Yi5jb20vdXNlci9yZXBvLmdpdCNtYWlu', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker build --build-arg <span class=nv>BUILDKIT_CONTEXT_KEEP_GIT_DIR</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=m>1</span> https://github.com/user/repo.git#main </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=impact-on-build-caching><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#impact-on-build-caching>Impact on build caching</a></h3><p><code>ARG</code> variables are not persisted into the built image as <code>ENV</code> variables are. However, <code>ARG</code> variables do impact the build cache in similar ways. If a Dockerfile defines an <code>ARG</code> variable whose value is different from a previous build, then a "cache miss" occurs upon its first usage, not its definition. In particular, all <code>RUN</code> instructions following an <code>ARG</code> instruction use the <code>ARG</code> variable implicitly (as an environment variable), thus can cause a cache miss. All predefined <code>ARG</code> variables are exempt from caching unless there is a matching <code>ARG</code> statement in the Dockerfile.</p><p>For example, consider these two Dockerfile:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKQVJHIENPTlRfSU1HX1ZFUgpSVU4gZWNobyAkQ09OVF9JTUdfVkVS', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> CONT_IMG_VER<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=nv>$CONT_IMG_VER</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKQVJHIENPTlRfSU1HX1ZFUgpSVU4gZWNobyBoZWxsbw==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> CONT_IMG_VER<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> hello</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If you specify <code>--build-arg CONT_IMG_VER=<value></code> on the command line, in both cases, the specification on line 2 doesn't cause a cache miss; line 3 does cause a cache miss. <code>ARG CONT_IMG_VER</code> causes the <code>RUN</code> line to be identified as the same as running <code>CONT_IMG_VER=<value> echo hello</code>, so if the <code><value></code> changes, you get a cache miss.</p><p>Consider another example under the same command line:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKQVJHIENPTlRfSU1HX1ZFUgpFTlYgQ09OVF9JTUdfVkVSPSRDT05UX0lNR19WRVIKUlVOIGVjaG8gJENPTlRfSU1HX1ZFUg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> CONT_IMG_VER<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>CONT_IMG_VER</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>$CONT_IMG_VER</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=nv>$CONT_IMG_VER</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>In this example, the cache miss occurs on line 3. The miss happens because the variable's value in the <code>ENV</code> references the <code>ARG</code> variable and that variable is changed through the command line. In this example, the <code>ENV</code> command causes the image to include the value.</p><p>If an <code>ENV</code> instruction overrides an <code>ARG</code> instruction of the same name, like this Dockerfile:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'RlJPTSB1YnVudHUKQVJHIENPTlRfSU1HX1ZFUgpFTlYgQ09OVF9JTUdfVkVSPWhlbGxvClJVTiBlY2hvICRDT05UX0lNR19WRVI=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> ubuntu</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> CONT_IMG_VER<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENV</span> <span class=nv>CONT_IMG_VER</span><span class=o>=</span>hello </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=nv>$CONT_IMG_VER</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Line 3 doesn't cause a cache miss because the value of <code>CONT_IMG_VER</code> is a constant (<code>hello</code>). As a result, the environment variables and values used on the <code>RUN</code> (line 4) doesn't change between builds.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=onbuild><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#onbuild>ONBUILD</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'T05CVUlMRCA8SU5TVFJVQ1RJT04+', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ONBUILD</span> <INSTRUCTION></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>ONBUILD</code> instruction adds to the image a trigger instruction to be executed at a later time, when the image is used as the base for another build. The trigger will be executed in the context of the downstream build, as if it had been inserted immediately after the <code>FROM</code> instruction in the downstream Dockerfile.</p><p>This is useful if you are building an image which will be used as a base to build other images, for example an application build environment or a daemon which may be customized with user-specific configuration.</p><p>For example, if your image is a reusable Python application builder, it will require application source code to be added in a particular directory, and it might require a build script to be called after that. You can't just call <code>ADD</code> and <code>RUN</code> now, because you don't yet have access to the application source code, and it will be different for each application build. You could simply provide application developers with a boilerplate Dockerfile to copy-paste into their application, but that's inefficient, error-prone and difficult to update because it mixes with application-specific code.</p><p>The solution is to use <code>ONBUILD</code> to register advance instructions to run later, during the next build stage.</p><p>Here's how it works:</p><ol><li>When it encounters an <code>ONBUILD</code> instruction, the builder adds a trigger to the metadata of the image being built. The instruction doesn't otherwise affect the current build.</li><li>At the end of the build, a list of all triggers is stored in the image manifest, under the key <code>OnBuild</code>. They can be inspected with the <code>docker inspect</code> command.</li><li>Later the image may be used as a base for a new build, using the <code>FROM</code> instruction. As part of processing the <code>FROM</code> instruction, the downstream builder looks for <code>ONBUILD</code> triggers, and executes them in the same order they were registered. If any of the triggers fail, the <code>FROM</code> instruction is aborted which in turn causes the build to fail. If all triggers succeed, the <code>FROM</code> instruction completes and the build continues as usual.</li><li>Triggers are cleared from the final image after being executed. In other words they aren't inherited by "grand-children" builds.</li></ol><p>For example you might add something like this:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'T05CVUlMRCBBREQgLiAvYXBwL3NyYwpPTkJVSUxEIFJVTiAvdXNyL2xvY2FsL2Jpbi9weXRob24tYnVpbGQgLS1kaXIgL2FwcC9zcmM=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>ONBUILD</span> <span class=k>ADD</span> . /app/src<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ONBUILD</span> <span class=k>RUN</span> /usr/local/bin/python-build --dir /app/src</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=copy-or-mount-from-stage-image-or-context><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#copy-or-mount-from-stage-image-or-context>Copy or mount from stage, image, or context</a></h3><p>As of Dockerfile syntax 1.11, you can use <code>ONBUILD</code> with instructions that copy or mount files from other stages, images, or build contexts. For example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MS4xMQpGUk9NIGFscGluZSBBUyBiYXNlaW1hZ2UKT05CVUlMRCBDT1BZIC0tZnJvbT1idWlsZCAvdXNyL2Jpbi9hcHAgL2FwcApPTkJVSUxEIFJVTiAtLW1vdW50PWZyb209Y29uZmlnLHRhcmdldD0vb3B0L2FwcGNvbmZpZyAuLi4=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1.11</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine AS baseimage</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ONBUILD</span> <span class=k>COPY</span> --from<span class=o>=</span>build /usr/bin/app /app<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ONBUILD</span> <span class=k>RUN</span> --mount<span class=o>=</span><span class=nv>from</span><span class=o>=</span>config,target<span class=o>=</span>/opt/appconfig ...</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If the source of <code>from</code> is a build stage, the stage must be defined in the Dockerfile where <code>ONBUILD</code> gets triggered. If it's a named context, that context must be passed to the downstream build.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=onbuild-limitations><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#onbuild-limitations>ONBUILD limitations</a></h3><ul><li>Chaining <code>ONBUILD</code> instructions using <code>ONBUILD ONBUILD</code> isn't allowed.</li><li>The <code>ONBUILD</code> instruction may not trigger <code>FROM</code> or <code>MAINTAINER</code> instructions.</li></ul><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=stopsignal><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#stopsignal>STOPSIGNAL</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'U1RPUFNJR05BTCBzaWduYWw=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>STOPSIGNAL</span><span class=s> signal</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>STOPSIGNAL</code> instruction sets the system call signal that will be sent to the container to exit. This signal can be a signal name in the format <code>SIG<NAME></code>, for instance <code>SIGKILL</code>, or an unsigned number that matches a position in the kernel's syscall table, for instance <code>9</code>. The default is <code>SIGTERM</code> if not defined.</p><p>The image's default stopsignal can be overridden per container, using the <code>--stop-signal</code> flag on <code>docker run</code> and <code>docker create</code>.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=healthcheck><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#healthcheck>HEALTHCHECK</a></h2><p>The <code>HEALTHCHECK</code> instruction has two forms:</p><ul><li><code>HEALTHCHECK [OPTIONS] CMD command</code> (check container health by running a command inside the container)</li><li><code>HEALTHCHECK NONE</code> (disable any healthcheck inherited from the base image)</li></ul><p>The <code>HEALTHCHECK</code> instruction tells Docker how to test a container to check that it's still working. This can detect cases such as a web server stuck in an infinite loop and unable to handle new connections, even though the server process is still running.</p><p>When a container has a healthcheck specified, it has a health status in addition to its normal status. This status is initially <code>starting</code>. Whenever a health check passes, it becomes <code>healthy</code> (whatever state it was previously in). After a certain number of consecutive failures, it becomes <code>unhealthy</code>.</p><p>The options that can appear before <code>CMD</code> are:</p><ul><li><code>--interval=DURATION</code> (default: <code>30s</code>)</li><li><code>--timeout=DURATION</code> (default: <code>30s</code>)</li><li><code>--start-period=DURATION</code> (default: <code>0s</code>)</li><li><code>--start-interval=DURATION</code> (default: <code>5s</code>)</li><li><code>--retries=N</code> (default: <code>3</code>)</li></ul><p>The health check will first run <strong>interval</strong> seconds after the container is started, and then again <strong>interval</strong> seconds after each previous check completes.</p><p>If a single run of the check takes longer than <strong>timeout</strong> seconds then the check is considered to have failed.</p><p>It takes <strong>retries</strong> consecutive failures of the health check for the container to be considered <code>unhealthy</code>.</p><p><strong>start period</strong> provides initialization time for containers that need time to bootstrap. Probe failure during that period will not be counted towards the maximum number of retries. However, if a health check succeeds during the start period, the container is considered started and all consecutive failures will be counted towards the maximum number of retries.</p><p><strong>start interval</strong> is the time between health checks during the start period. This option requires Docker Engine version 25.0 or later.</p><p>There can only be one <code>HEALTHCHECK</code> instruction in a Dockerfile. If you list more than one then only the last <code>HEALTHCHECK</code> will take effect.</p><p>The command after the <code>CMD</code> keyword can be either a shell command (e.g. <code>HEALTHCHECK CMD /bin/check-running</code>) or an exec array (as with other Dockerfile commands; see e.g. <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> for details).</p><p>The command's exit status indicates the health status of the container. The possible values are:</p><ul><li>0: success - the container is healthy and ready for use</li><li>1: unhealthy - the container isn't working correctly</li><li>2: reserved - don't use this exit code</li></ul><p>For example, to check every five minutes or so that a web-server is able to serve the site's main page within three seconds:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'SEVBTFRIQ0hFQ0sgLS1pbnRlcnZhbD01bSAtLXRpbWVvdXQ9M3MgXAogIENNRCBjdXJsIC1mIGh0dHA6Ly9sb2NhbGhvc3QvIHx8IGV4aXQgMQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err>HEALTHCHECK --interval=5m --timeout=3s \ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span><span class=k>CMD</span> curl -f http://localhost/ <span class=o>||</span> <span class=nb>exit</span> <span class=m>1</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>To help debug failing probes, any output text (UTF-8 encoded) that the command writes on stdout or stderr will be stored in the health status and can be queried with <code>docker inspect</code>. Such output should be kept short (only the first 4096 bytes are stored currently).</p><p>When the health status of a container changes, a <code>health_status</code> event is generated with the new status.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=shell><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#shell>SHELL</a></h2><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'U0hFTEwgWyJleGVjdXRhYmxlIiwgInBhcmFtZXRlcnMiXQ==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>SHELL</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"executable"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"parameters"</span><span class=p>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>SHELL</code> instruction allows the default shell used for the shell form of commands to be overridden. The default shell on Linux is <code>["/bin/sh", "-c"]</code>, and on Windows is <code>["cmd", "/S", "/C"]</code>. The <code>SHELL</code> instruction must be written in JSON form in a Dockerfile.</p><p>The <code>SHELL</code> instruction is particularly useful on Windows where there are two commonly used and quite different native shells: <code>cmd</code> and <code>powershell</code>, as well as alternate shells available including <code>sh</code>.</p><p>The <code>SHELL</code> instruction can appear multiple times. Each <code>SHELL</code> instruction overrides all previous <code>SHELL</code> instructions, and affects all subsequent instructions. For example:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: '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', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> microsoft/windowsservercore</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># Executed as cmd /S /C echo default</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> default<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># Executed as cmd /S /C powershell -command Write-Host default</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> powershell -command Write-Host default<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># Executed as powershell -command Write-Host hello</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>SHELL</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"powershell"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"-command"</span><span class=p>]</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> Write-Host hello<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c># Executed as cmd /S /C echo hello</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>SHELL</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"cmd"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"/S"</span><span class=p>,</span> <span class=s2>"/C"</span><span class=p>]</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=nb>echo</span> hello</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The following instructions can be affected by the <code>SHELL</code> instruction when the shell form of them is used in a Dockerfile: <code>RUN</code>, <code>CMD</code> and <code>ENTRYPOINT</code>.</p><p>The following example is a common pattern found on Windows which can be streamlined by using the <code>SHELL</code> instruction:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIHBvd2Vyc2hlbGwgLWNvbW1hbmQgRXhlY3V0ZS1NeUNtZGxldCAtcGFyYW0xICJjOlxmb28udHh0Ig==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> powershell -command Execute-MyCmdlet -param1 <span class=s2>"c:\foo.txt"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The command invoked by the builder will be:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'Y21kIC9TIC9DIHBvd2Vyc2hlbGwgLWNvbW1hbmQgRXhlY3V0ZS1NeUNtZGxldCAtcGFyYW0xICJjOlxmb28udHh0Ig==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-powershell data-lang=powershell><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=n>cmd</span> <span class=p>/</span><span class=n>S</span> <span class=p>/</span><span class=n>C</span> <span class=n>powershell</span> <span class=n>-command</span> <span class=nb>Execute-MyCmdlet</span> <span class=n>-param1</span> <span class=s2>"c:\foo.txt"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>This is inefficient for two reasons. First, there is an unnecessary <code>cmd.exe</code> command processor (aka shell) being invoked. Second, each <code>RUN</code> instruction in the shell form requires an extra <code>powershell -command</code> prefixing the command.</p><p>To make this more efficient, one of two mechanisms can be employed. One is to use the JSON form of the <code>RUN</code> command such as:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UlVOIFsicG93ZXJzaGVsbCIsICItY29tbWFuZCIsICJFeGVjdXRlLU15Q21kbGV0IiwgIi1wYXJhbTEgXCJjOlxcZm9vLnR4dFwiIl0=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=o>[</span><span class=s2>"powershell"</span>, <span class=s2>"-command"</span>, <span class=s2>"Execute-MyCmdlet"</span>, <span class=s2>"-param1 \"c:\\foo.txt\""</span><span class=o>]</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>While the JSON form is unambiguous and does not use the unnecessary <code>cmd.exe</code>, it does require more verbosity through double-quoting and escaping. The alternate mechanism is to use the <code>SHELL</code> instruction and the shell form, making a more natural syntax for Windows users, especially when combined with the <code>escape</code> parser directive:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBlc2NhcGU9YAoKRlJPTSBtaWNyb3NvZnQvbmFub3NlcnZlcgpTSEVMTCBbInBvd2Vyc2hlbGwiLCItY29tbWFuZCJdClJVTiBOZXctSXRlbSAtSXRlbVR5cGUgRGlyZWN0b3J5IEM6XEV4YW1wbGUKQUREIEV4ZWN1dGUtTXlDbWRsZXQucHMxIGM6XGV4YW1wbGVcClJVTiBjOlxleGFtcGxlXEV4ZWN1dGUtTXlDbWRsZXQgLXNhbXBsZSAnaGVsbG8gd29ybGQn', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># escape=`</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> microsoft/nanoserver</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>SHELL</span> <span class=p>[</span><span class=s2>"powershell"</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=s2>"-command"</span><span class=p>]</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> New-Item -ItemType Directory C:<span class=se>\E</span>xample<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ADD</span> Execute-MyCmdlet.ps1 c:<span class=se>\e</span>xample<span class=se>\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=se></span>RUN c:<span class=se>\e</span>xample<span class=se>\E</span>xecute-MyCmdlet -sample <span class=s1>'hello world'</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Resulting in:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'UFMgRTpcbXlwcm9qZWN0PiBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGQgLXQgc2hlbGwgLgoKU2VuZGluZyBidWlsZCBjb250ZXh0IHRvIERvY2tlciBkYWVtb24gNC4wOTYga0IKU3RlcCAxLzUgOiBGUk9NIG1pY3Jvc29mdC9uYW5vc2VydmVyCiAtLS0+IDIyNzM4ZmY0OWM2ZApTdGVwIDIvNSA6IFNIRUxMIHBvd2Vyc2hlbGwgLWNvbW1hbmQKIC0tLT4gUnVubmluZyBpbiA2ZmNkYjY4NTVhZTIKIC0tLT4gNjMzMTQ2MmQ0MzAwClJlbW92aW5nIGludGVybWVkaWF0ZSBjb250YWluZXIgNmZjZGI2ODU1YWUyClN0ZXAgMy81IDogUlVOIE5ldy1JdGVtIC1JdGVtVHlwZSBEaXJlY3RvcnkgQzpcRXhhbXBsZQogLS0tPiBSdW5uaW5nIGluIGQwZWVmODM4NmU5NwoKCiAgICBEaXJlY3Rvcnk6IEM6XAoKCk1vZGUgICAgICAgICBMYXN0V3JpdGVUaW1lICAgICAgICAgICAgICBMZW5ndGggTmFtZQotLS0tICAgICAgICAgLS0tLS0tLS0tLS0tLSAgICAgICAgICAgICAgLS0tLS0tIC0tLS0KZC0tLS0tICAgICAgIDEwLzI4LzIwMTYgIDExOjI2IEFNICAgICAgICAgICAgICBFeGFtcGxlCgoKIC0tLT4gM2YyZmJmMTM5NWQ5ClJlbW92aW5nIGludGVybWVkaWF0ZSBjb250YWluZXIgZDBlZWY4Mzg2ZTk3ClN0ZXAgNC81IDogQUREIEV4ZWN1dGUtTXlDbWRsZXQucHMxIGM6XGV4YW1wbGVcCiAtLS0+IGE5NTViMjYyMWMzMQpSZW1vdmluZyBpbnRlcm1lZGlhdGUgY29udGFpbmVyIGI4MjU1OTNkMzlmYwpTdGVwIDUvNSA6IFJVTiBjOlxleGFtcGxlXEV4ZWN1dGUtTXlDbWRsZXQgJ2hlbGxvIHdvcmxkJwogLS0tPiBSdW5uaW5nIGluIGJlNmQ4ZTYzZmU3NQpoZWxsbyB3b3JsZAogLS0tPiA4ZTU1OWU5YmY0MjQKUmVtb3ZpbmcgaW50ZXJtZWRpYXRlIGNvbnRhaW5lciBiZTZkOGU2M2ZlNzUKU3VjY2Vzc2Z1bGx5IGJ1aWx0IDhlNTU5ZTliZjQyNApQUyBFOlxteXByb2plY3Q+', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>PS E:\myproject> docker build -t shell . </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>Sending build context to Docker daemon 4.096 kB </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Step 1/5 : FROM microsoft/nanoserver </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> 22738ff49c6d </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Step 2/5 : SHELL powershell -command </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> Running in 6fcdb6855ae2 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> 6331462d4300 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Removing intermediate container 6fcdb6855ae2 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Step 3/5 : RUN New-Item -ItemType Directory C:\Example </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> Running in d0eef8386e97 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go> Directory: C:\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go>Mode LastWriteTime Length Name </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>---- ------------- ------ ---- </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>d----- 10/28/2016 11:26 AM Example </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go></span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=go> ---> 3f2fbf1395d9 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Removing intermediate container d0eef8386e97 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Step 4/5 : ADD Execute-MyCmdlet.ps1 c:\example\ </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> a955b2621c31 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Removing intermediate container b825593d39fc </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Step 5/5 : RUN c:\example\Execute-MyCmdlet 'hello world' </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> Running in be6d8e63fe75 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>hello world </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go> ---> 8e559e9bf424 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Removing intermediate container be6d8e63fe75 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>Successfully built 8e559e9bf424 </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>PS E:\myproject> </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>The <code>SHELL</code> instruction could also be used to modify the way in which a shell operates. For example, using <code>SHELL cmd /S /C /V:ON|OFF</code> on Windows, delayed environment variable expansion semantics could be modified.</p><p>The <code>SHELL</code> instruction can also be used on Linux should an alternate shell be required such as <code>zsh</code>, <code>csh</code>, <code>tcsh</code> and others.</p><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=here-documents><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#here-documents>Here-Documents</a></h2><p>Here-documents allow redirection of subsequent Dockerfile lines to the input of <code>RUN</code> or <code>COPY</code> commands. If such command contains a <a class=link href=https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap02.html#tag_18_07_04 rel=noopener>here-document<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> the Dockerfile considers the next lines until the line only containing a here-doc delimiter as part of the same command.</p><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=example-running-a-multi-line-script><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#example-running-a-multi-line-script>Example: Running a multi-line script</a></h3><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGRlYmlhbgpSVU4gPDxFT1QgYmFzaAogIHNldCAtZXgKICBhcHQtZ2V0IHVwZGF0ZQogIGFwdC1nZXQgaW5zdGFsbCAteSB2aW0KRU9U', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> debian</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <<EOT bash<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span> <span class=nb>set</span> -ex<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span> apt-get update<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span> apt-get install -y vim<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>EOT</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If the command only contains a here-document, its contents is evaluated with the default shell.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGRlYmlhbgpSVU4gPDxFT1QKICBta2RpciAtcCBmb28vYmFyCkVPVA==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> debian</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <<EOT<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span> mkdir -p foo/bar<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>EOT</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Alternatively, shebang header can be used to define an interpreter.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIHB5dGhvbjozLjYKUlVOIDw8RU9UCiMhL3Vzci9iaW4vZW52IHB5dGhvbgpwcmludCgiaGVsbG8gd29ybGQiKQpFT1Q=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> python:3.6</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <<EOT<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=c>#!/usr/bin/env python</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>print<span class=o>(</span><span class=s2>"hello world"</span><span class=o>)</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>EOT</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>More complex examples may use multiple here-documents.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZQpSVU4gPDxGSUxFMSBjYXQgPiBmaWxlMSAmJiA8PEZJTEUyIGNhdCA+IGZpbGUyCkkgYW0KZmlyc3QKRklMRTEKSSBhbQpzZWNvbmQKRklMRTI=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>RUN</span> <span class=s><<FILE1 cat > file1 && <<FILE</span><span class=m>2</span> cat > file2<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>I am<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>first<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>FILE1<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>I am<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>second<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>FILE2</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h3 class=scroll-mt-20 id=example-creating-inline-files><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#example-creating-inline-files>Example: Creating inline files</a></h3><p>With <code>COPY</code> instructions, you can replace the source parameter with a here-doc indicator to write the contents of the here-document directly to a file. The following example creates a <code>greeting.txt</code> file containing <code>hello world</code> using a <code>COPY</code> instruction.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZQpDT1BZIDw8RU9GIGdyZWV0aW5nLnR4dApoZWxsbyB3b3JsZApFT0Y=', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>COPY</span> <<EOF greeting.txt<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>hello world<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>EOF</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Regular here-doc <a class=link href=https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap02.html#tag_18_07_04 rel=noopener>variable expansion and tab stripping rules<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> apply. The following example shows a small Dockerfile that creates a <code>hello.sh</code> script file using a <code>COPY</code> instruction with a here-document.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZQpBUkcgRk9PPWJhcgpDT1BZIDw8LUVPVCAvc2NyaXB0LnNoCiAgZWNobyAiaGVsbG8gJHtGT099IgpFT1QKRU5UUllQT0lOVCBhc2ggL3NjcmlwdC5zaA==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> <span class=nv>FOO</span><span class=o>=</span>bar </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> <<-EOT /script.sh<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s2>"hello </span><span class=si>${</span><span class=nv>FOO</span><span class=si>}</span><span class=s2>"</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>EOT<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENTRYPOINT</span> ash /script.sh</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>In this case, file script prints "hello bar", because the variable is expanded when the <code>COPY</code> instruction gets executed.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGQgLXQgaGVyZWRvYyAuCiQgZG9ja2VyIHJ1biBoZXJlZG9jCmhlbGxvIGJhcg==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker build -t heredoc . </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker run heredoc </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>hello bar </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>If instead you were to quote any part of the here-document word <code>EOT</code>, the variable would not be expanded at build-time.</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'IyBzeW50YXg9ZG9ja2VyL2RvY2tlcmZpbGU6MQpGUk9NIGFscGluZQpBUkcgRk9PPWJhcgpDT1BZIDw8LSJFT1QiIC9zY3JpcHQuc2gKICBlY2hvICJoZWxsbyAke0ZPT30iCkVPVApFTlRSWVBPSU5UIGFzaCAvc2NyaXB0LnNo', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-dockerfile data-lang=dockerfile><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c># syntax=docker/dockerfile:1</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>FROM</span><span class=s> alpine</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ARG</span> <span class=nv>FOO</span><span class=o>=</span>bar </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=k>COPY</span> <<-<span class=s2>"EOT"</span> /script.sh<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span> <span class=nb>echo</span> <span class=s2>"hello </span><span class=si>${</span><span class=nv>FOO</span><span class=si>}</span><span class=s2>"</span><span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span>EOT<span class=err> </span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=err></span><span class=k>ENTRYPOINT</span> ash /script.sh</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><p>Note that <code>ARG FOO=bar</code> is excessive here, and can be removed. The variable gets interpreted at runtime, when the script is invoked:</p><div data-pagefind-ignore class=scroll-mt-20 x-data x-ref=root><div class="group relative"><button x-data="{ code: 'JCBkb2NrZXIgYnVpbGQgLXQgaGVyZWRvYyAuCiQgZG9ja2VyIHJ1biAtZSBGT089d29ybGQgaGVyZWRvYwpoZWxsbyB3b3JsZA==', copying: false }" class="absolute right-3 top-3 z-10 text-gray-light-300 dark:text-gray-dark-600" title=copy @click="window.navigator.clipboard.writeText(atob(code).replaceAll(/^[\$>]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000);"> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : !copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M3e2-2e2q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-560q0-24 18-42t42-18h440q24 0 42 18t18 42v560q0 24-18 42t-42 18H3e2zM180-80q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-590q0-13 8.5-21.5T150-760t21.5 8.5T180-730v590h470q13 0 21.5 8.5T680-110t-8.5 21.5T650-80H180z"/></svg></span> <span :class="{ 'group-hover:block' : copying }" class="icon-svg hidden"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m421-389-98-98q-9-9-22-9t-23 10q-9 9-9 22t9 22l122 123q9 9 21 9t21-9l239-239q10-10 10-23t-10-23q-10-9-23.5-8.5T635-603L421-389zm59 309q-82 0-155-31.5t-127.5-86-86-127.5T80-480q0-83 31.5-156t86-127T325-848.5 480-880q83 0 156 31.5T763-763t85.5 127T880-480q0 82-31.5 155T763-197.5t-127 86T480-80z"/></svg></span></button><div class="syntax-light dark:syntax-dark"><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker build -t heredoc . </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> docker run -e <span class=nv>FOO</span><span class=o>=</span>world heredoc </span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=go>hello world </span></span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h2 class=scroll-mt-20 id=dockerfile-examples><a class="text-black dark:text-white no-underline hover:underline" href=#dockerfile-examples>Dockerfile examples</a></h2><p>For examples of Dockerfiles, refer to:</p><ul><li>The <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/building/best-practices/ rel=noopener>building best practices page<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a></li><li>The <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/get-started/ rel=noopener>"get started" tutorials<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a></li><li>The <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/guides/language/ rel=noopener>language-specific getting started guides<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a></li></ul><div class=footnotes role=doc-endnotes><hr><ol><li id=fn:1><p>Value required <a href=#fnref:1 class=footnote-backref role=doc-backlink>↩︎</a> <a href=#fnref1:1 class=footnote-backref role=doc-backlink>↩︎</a> <a href=#fnref2:1 class=footnote-backref role=doc-backlink>↩︎</a></p></li><li id=fn:2><p>For Docker-integrated <a class=link href=https://docs.docker.com/build/buildkit/#getting-started rel=noopener>BuildKit<span class="pl-1 icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a> and <code>docker buildx build</code> <a href=#fnref:2 class=footnote-backref role=doc-backlink>↩︎</a></p></li></ol></div></article><div class="hidden flex-1 min-w-52 lg:block -mr-8 -mt-8"><aside class="sticky top-16 h-[calc(100vh-64px)] min-w-52 space-y-4 overflow-y-auto py-4 w-full"><p class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class=icon-svg><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="m378-332 363-363q9.27-9 21.64-9 12.36.0 21.36 9.05 9 9.06 9 21.5.0 12.45-9 21.45L399-267q-9 9-21 9t-21-9L175-449q-9-9.07-8.5-21.53.5-12.47 9.55-21.47 9.06-9 21.5-9 12.45.0 21.45 9l159 160z"/></svg></span> <a class=link rel=noopener href="https://github.com/docker/docs/issues/new?template=doc_issue.yml&location=https%3a%2f%2fdocs.docker.com%2freference%2fdockerfile%2f&labels=status%2Ftriage">Request changes<span class="icon-svg icon-sm"><svg width="48" height="48" viewBox="0 -960 960 960"><path d="M180-120q-24 0-42-18t-18-42v-6e2q0-24 18-42t42-18h249q12.75.0 21.38 8.68 8.62 8.67 8.62 21.5.0 12.82-8.62 21.32-8.63 8.5-21.38 8.5H180v6e2h6e2v-249q0-12.75 8.68-21.38 8.67-8.62 21.5-8.62 12.82.0 21.32 8.62 8.5 8.63 8.5 21.38v249q0 24-18 42t-42 18H180zm6e2-617L403-360q-9 9-21 8.5t-21-9.5-9-21 9-21l377-377H549q-12.75.0-21.37-8.68-8.63-8.67-8.63-21.5.0-12.82 8.63-21.32 8.62-8.5 21.37-8.5h261q12.75.0 21.38 8.62Q840-822.75 840-810v261q0 12.75-8.68 21.37-8.67 8.63-21.5 8.63-12.82.0-21.32-8.63-8.5-8.62-8.5-21.37v-188z"/></svg></span></a></a></p><div id=TableOfContents><div data-pagefind-ignore class=not-prose><div class="text-lg pb-0 lg:pb-2">Table of contents</div><nav class=toc><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#overview>Overview</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#format>Format</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#parser-directives>Parser directives</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#syntax>syntax</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#escape>escape</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#check>check</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#environment-replacement>Environment replacement</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#dockerignore-file>.dockerignore file</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#shell-and-exec-form>Shell and exec form</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#exec-form>Exec form</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#shell-form>Shell form</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#use-a-different-shell>Use a different shell</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#from>FROM</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#understand-how-arg-and-from-interact>Understand how ARG and FROM interact</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run>RUN</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#cache-invalidation-for-run-instructions>Cache invalidation for RUN instructions</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mount>RUN --mount</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mounttypebind>RUN --mount=type=bind</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mounttypecache>RUN --mount=type=cache</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mounttypetmpfs>RUN --mount=type=tmpfs</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mounttypesecret>RUN --mount=type=secret</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---mounttypessh>RUN --mount=type=ssh</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---network>RUN --network</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---networkdefault>RUN --network=default</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---networknone>RUN --network=none</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---networkhost>RUN --network=host</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#run---security>RUN --security</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#cmd>CMD</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#label>LABEL</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#maintainer-deprecated>MAINTAINER (deprecated)</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#expose>EXPOSE</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#env>ENV</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add>ADD</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#source>Source</a></li><ul class=pl-2><ul class=pl-2></ul></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#destination>Destination</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add---keep-git-dir>ADD --keep-git-dir</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add---checksum>ADD --checksum</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add---chown---chmod>ADD --chown --chmod</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add---link>ADD --link</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#add---exclude>ADD --exclude</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy>COPY</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#source-1>Source</a></li><ul class=pl-2><ul class=pl-2></ul></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#destination-1>Destination</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy---from>COPY --from</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy---chown---chmod>COPY --chown --chmod</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy---link>COPY --link</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy---parents>COPY --parents</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy---exclude>COPY --exclude</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#entrypoint>ENTRYPOINT</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#exec-form-entrypoint-example>Exec form ENTRYPOINT example</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#shell-form-entrypoint-example>Shell form ENTRYPOINT example</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#understand-how-cmd-and-entrypoint-interact>Understand how CMD and ENTRYPOINT interact</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#volume>VOLUME</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#notes-about-specifying-volumes>Notes about specifying volumes</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#user>USER</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#workdir>WORKDIR</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#arg>ARG</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#default-values>Default values</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#scope>Scope</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#using-arg-variables>Using ARG variables</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#predefined-args>Predefined ARGs</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#automatic-platform-args-in-the-global-scope>Automatic platform ARGs in the global scope</a></li><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#buildkit-built-in-build-args>BuildKit built-in build args</a></li><ul class=pl-2></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#impact-on-build-caching>Impact on build caching</a></li></ul><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#onbuild>ONBUILD</a></li><ul class=pl-2><li><a class="link lg:no-underline" href=#copy-or-mount-from-stage-image-or-context>Copy or mount from stage, image, or context</a></li><li><a class="link 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