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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography_and_habitats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Geology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora_and_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora_and_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Flora and fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=San_Joaquin_Hills&params=33_36_42.081_N_117_48_33.198_W_type:mountain_scale:300000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°36′42.081″N</span> <span class="longitude">117°48′33.198″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.61168917°N 117.80922167°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">33.61168917; -117.80922167</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Range of hills in Orange County, California, United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="San Joaquin (disambiguation)">San Joaquin (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:24.5em; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">San Joaquin Hills</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding: 0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CA73.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/CA73.jpg/272px-CA73.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/CA73.jpg/408px-CA73.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/CA73.jpg/544px-CA73.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding: 0.2em 0em;"><a href="/wiki/California_State_Route_73" title="California State Route 73">State Route 73</a> climbs into the San Joaquin Hills, as seen looking southward from <a href="/wiki/University_Hills,_Irvine,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="University Hills, Irvine, California">University Hills, Irvine</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Highest point</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Peak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Signal_Peak_(Orange_County,_California)" title="Signal Peak (Orange County, California)">Signal Peak</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Summit" title="Summit">Elevation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,168 ft (356 m)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #E7DCC3;">Geography</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em;"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:272px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:272px;padding:0"><div 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/16px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/24px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/32px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="240" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div>San Joaquin Hills</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">location of San Joaquin Hills in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a><sup id="cite_ref-gnis_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gnis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of California</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:272px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:272px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:272px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="San Joaquin Hills is located in the United States"><img alt="San Joaquin Hills is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/272px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="272" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/408px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/544px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.866%;left:11.102%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-8px;top:-8px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="San Joaquin Hills"><img alt="San Joaquin Hills" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/16px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/24px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg/32px-Red_triangle_with_thick_white_border.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="240" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:9px"><div>San Joaquin Hills</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">San Joaquin Hills (the United States)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data label">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Ranges" title="Peninsular Ranges">Peninsular Ranges</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">District</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_California" title="Orange County, California">Orange County</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Range coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=San_Joaquin_Hills&params=33_36_42.081_N_117_48_33.198_W_type:mountain_scale:300000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°36′42.081″N</span> <span class="longitude">117°48′33.198″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.61168917°N 117.80922167°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">33.61168917; -117.80922167</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Borders on</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana_Mountains" title="Santa Ana Mountains">Santa Ana Mountains</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Topographic_map" title="Topographic map">Topo map</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/USGS" class="mw-redirect" title="USGS">USGS</a> Laguna Beach</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>San Joaquin Hills</b> are a low <a href="/wiki/Mountain_range" title="Mountain range">mountain range</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Ranges" title="Peninsular Ranges">Peninsular Ranges</a> System, located in coastal <a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_California" title="Orange County, California">Orange County, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gnis_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gnis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They extend in a northwest–southeast direction, starting in the northwest in <a href="/wiki/Newport_Beach,_California" title="Newport Beach, California">Newport Beach</a> at the southern edge of the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Basin" title="Los Angeles Basin">Los Angeles Basin</a>, and extending southeast to <a href="/wiki/San_Juan_Capistrano,_California" title="San Juan Capistrano, California">San Juan Capistrano</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography_and_habitats">Geography and habitats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Joaquin_Hills&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography and habitats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Named summits in the San Joaquin Hills include (from north to south) French Hill in <a href="/wiki/Turtle_Rock,_Irvine,_California" title="Turtle Rock, Irvine, California">Turtle Rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine</a>; <a href="/wiki/Signal_Peak_(Orange_County,_California)" title="Signal Peak (Orange County, California)">Signal Peak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pelican_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Pelican Hill">Pelican Hill</a>, both of which are near the <a href="/wiki/Newport_Coast,_Newport_Beach,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Newport Coast, Newport Beach, California">Newport Coast</a> neighborhood of Newport Beach; Temple Hill in <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Beach,_California" title="Laguna Beach, California">Laguna Beach</a>, more commonly known as "<a href="/wiki/Top_of_the_World_(park)" class="mw-redirect" title="Top of the World (park)">Top of the World</a>" after the neighborhood on its peak; and Niguel Hill in <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Niguel,_California" title="Laguna Niguel, California">Laguna Niguel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geology">Geology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Joaquin_Hills&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Fault_(geology)" title="Fault (geology)">fault line</a>, the San Joaquin Hills <a href="/wiki/Blind_thrust_earthquake" title="Blind thrust earthquake">blind thrust</a>, lies eight miles below the hills.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scientists have suggested that the San Joaquin Hills have been formed by uplift from this fault.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main ridge of the San Joaquin Hills runs southeast from the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Newport_Bay" title="Upper Newport Bay">Upper Newport Bay</a> area, attaining its maximum height of roughly 1,000 feet (300 m) near <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Beach,_California" title="Laguna Beach, California">Laguna Beach</a>. Many of the high ridges exceed 600 to 800 feet (180 to 240 m) in height. The hills stretch over a distance of about 16 miles (26 km) and can be up to 3 to 4 miles (4.8 to 6.4 km) broad. In many places, the San Joaquin Hills drop directly into the Pacific Ocean, creating the steep <a href="/wiki/Sea_cliff" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea cliff">sea cliffs</a> that characterize the region. Streams that originate on the west slope of the range include Buck Gully, Los Trancos Creek, Muddy Creek, El Moro Creek, Emerald Creek, Prima Deshecha Cañada, Segunda Deshecha Cañada, and <a href="/wiki/Christianitos_Canyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Christianitos Canyon">Christianitos Canyon</a>. The east side is drained by Bonita Creek, <a href="/wiki/Sand_Canyon_Wash" title="Sand Canyon Wash">Sand Canyon Wash</a>, San Joaquin Wash, and La Cañada Wash. Cities bordering the range include Newport Beach, <a href="/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Hills,_California" title="Laguna Hills, California">Laguna Hills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aliso_Viejo,_California" title="Aliso Viejo, California">Aliso Viejo</a>, Laguna Beach, <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Niguel,_California" title="Laguna Niguel, California">Laguna Niguel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dana_Point,_California" title="Dana Point, California">Dana Point</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Juan_Capistrano,_California" title="San Juan Capistrano, California">San Juan Capistrano</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Clemente,_California" title="San Clemente, California">San Clemente</a>. </p><p>Because of erosion phenomena during the previous <a href="/wiki/Last_Glacial_Period" title="Last Glacial Period">Ice Age</a>, the San Joaquin Hills are not one continuous mountain range, but instead are bisected by numerous <a href="/wiki/Water_gap" title="Water gap">water gaps</a> cut by rivers flowing southwest from the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana_Mountains" title="Santa Ana Mountains">Santa Ana Mountains</a>. In the north, Newport Bay was formed by the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana_River" title="Santa Ana River">Santa Ana River</a> switching its course to the south, cutting across the northern part of the range. <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Canyon" title="Laguna Canyon">Laguna Canyon</a> was formed by <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Creek" title="San Diego Creek">San Diego Creek</a>, but eventually the larger creek changed course and left a <a href="/wiki/Wind_gap_(geographical_feature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wind gap (geographical feature)">wind gap</a> through the hills. The largest canyon by far is <a href="/wiki/Aliso_Canyon" title="Aliso Canyon">Aliso Canyon</a>, cut by <a href="/wiki/Aliso_Creek_(Orange_County)" title="Aliso Creek (Orange County)">Aliso Creek</a>. Further south, the hills dissipate into smaller ridges and are bisected by the canyon of <a href="/wiki/Salt_Creek_(Orange_County)" title="Salt Creek (Orange County)">Salt Creek</a>. The southern extent of the hills are cut by <a href="/wiki/San_Juan_Creek" title="San Juan Creek">San Juan Creek</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Joaquin_Hills&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The native vegetation of the hills is in the <a href="/wiki/California_coastal_sage_and_chaparral_ecoregion" class="mw-redirect" title="California coastal sage and chaparral ecoregion">California coastal sage and chaparral</a> and <a href="/wiki/California_chaparral_and_woodlands" title="California chaparral and woodlands">California chaparral and woodlands</a> <a href="/wiki/Ecoregion" title="Ecoregion">ecoregions</a>, largely <a href="/wiki/Coastal_sage_scrub" title="Coastal sage scrub">coastal sage scrub</a>, but other habitat types include <a href="/wiki/Grassland" title="Grassland">grasslands</a>, <a href="/wiki/California_oak_woodland" title="California oak woodland">oak woodlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wetland" title="Wetland">wetlands</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Riparian" class="mw-redirect" title="Riparian">riparian</a> <a href="/wiki/Habitat" title="Habitat">habitats</a> along several streams.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In past ages the land that is now the San Joaquin Hills lay under the ocean: construction for the San Joaquin Hills Toll Road unearthed a number of artifacts and more than 40,000 fossils, up to 35 million years old, including 5-million-year-old fossilized whales.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Joaquin_Hills&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to the arrival of Europeans in the area, residents of the nearby <a href="/wiki/Tongva" title="Tongva">Tongva</a> and <a href="/wiki/Acjachemen" title="Acjachemen">Acjachemen</a> village of <a href="/wiki/Genga,_California" title="Genga, California">Genga</a> frequented the hills.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hills take their name from <a href="/wiki/Rancho_San_Joaquin" title="Rancho San Joaquin">Rancho San Joaquin</a>, owned by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Xavier_Sepulveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Xavier Sepulveda">Jose Andres Sepulveda</a>. Formed in 1842 by the merger of two smaller ranches, this ranch included the northern part of the hills and likely had Laguna Canyon as its southeastern boundary. Rancho San Joaquin later became part of the <a href="/wiki/Irvine_Company" title="Irvine Company">Irvine Ranch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mexican <a href="/wiki/Rancho_Niguel" title="Rancho Niguel">Rancho Niguel</a> was located in the southeastern section of the hills. </p><p>The San Joaquin Hills blind thrust may be the source of the earliest recorded <a href="/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">earthquake</a> in California, a large earthquake felt in what is now northern Orange County on July 28, 1769, by <a href="/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1" title="Gaspar de Portolá">Gaspar de Portolá</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Joaquin_Hills&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two neighborhoods within the San Joaquin Hills take the name of the hills for their own: <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Hills,_Newport_Beach,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Joaquin Hills, Newport Beach, California">San Joaquin Hills, Newport Beach, California</a>, a former <a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">census-designated place</a> annexed to the city of <a href="/wiki/Newport_Beach,_California" title="Newport Beach, California">Newport Beach</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Hills,_Laguna_Niguel,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Joaquin Hills, Laguna Niguel, California">San Joaquin Hills, Laguna Niguel, California</a>, a master-planned community located in the city of <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Niguel,_California" title="Laguna Niguel, California">Laguna Niguel</a>. Other neighborhoods set in and named after hills in this range include <a href="/wiki/University_Hills,_Irvine,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="University Hills, Irvine, California">University Hills</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turtle_Rock,_Irvine,_California" title="Turtle Rock, Irvine, California">Turtle Rock</a> in <a href="/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/California_State_Route_73" title="California State Route 73">State Route 73</a>, also called the San Joaquin Hills Toll Road, extends through the length of the hills from Newport Beach to San Juan Capistrano. <a href="/wiki/California_State_Route_133" title="California State Route 133">State Route 133</a> crosses the hills through Laguna Canyon in Laguna Beach, and they are also crossed in several other places by less major roads. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Joaquin_Hills&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountain_ranges_of_Orange_County,_California" title="Category:Mountain ranges of Orange County, California">Mountain ranges of Orange County, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Peninsular_Ranges" title="Category:Peninsular Ranges">Peninsular Ranges−related topics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Joaquin_Hills&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output 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href="#cite_ref-gnis_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/248866">"San Joaquin Hills"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-05-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=San+Joaquin+Hills&rft.btitle=Geographic+Names+Information+System&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey%2C+United+States+Department+of+the+Interior&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedits.nationalmap.gov%2Fapps%2Fgaz-domestic%2Fpublic%2Fsearch%2Fnames%2F248866&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/242498">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: French Hill</a>, elevation 397 ft. / 121 m. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/249461">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Signal Peak</a>, elevation 1161 ft. / 354 m. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/1661209">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Pelican Hill</a>, elevation 725 ft. / 221 m. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/1661555">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Temple Hill</a>, elevation 1007 ft. / 307 m. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/246545">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Niguel Hill</a>, elevation 935 ft. / 285 m. (prior to grading for real estate development).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobbins1999" class="citation cs2">Robbins, Gary (March 11, 1999), <i>Fault found beneath San Joaquin Hills: The 23-mile-long system is similar to the one that produced the Northridge shaker</i>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange County Register">Orange County Register</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fault+found+beneath+San+Joaquin+Hills%3A+The+23-mile-long+system+is+similar+to+the+one+that+produced+the+Northridge+shaker&rft.pub=Orange+County+Register&rft.date=1999-03-11&rft.aulast=Robbins&rft.aufirst=Gary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobbins2001" class="citation cs2">Robbins, Gary (November 1, 2001), <i>Scientists to evaluate seismic threat in San Joaquin Hills</i>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange County Register">Orange County Register</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scientists+to+evaluate+seismic+threat+in+San+Joaquin+Hills&rft.pub=Orange+County+Register&rft.date=2001-11-01&rft.aulast=Robbins&rft.aufirst=Gary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.knbc.com/news/3008807/detail.html"><i>Orange County's Hills Hold Key To Earthquake Findings</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/KNBC" title="KNBC">KNBC</a>, April 15, 2004</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Orange+County%27s+Hills+Hold+Key+To+Earthquake+Findings&rft.pub=KNBC&rft.date=2004-04-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.knbc.com%2Fnews%2F3008807%2Fdetail.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>County at risk for Northridge-size quakes say UCI researchers</i>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange County Register">Orange County Register</a>, April 22, 2004</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=County+at+risk+for+Northridge-size+quakes+say+UCI+researchers&rft.pub=Orange+County+Register&rft.date=2004-04-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrantMuellerGathCheng1999" class="citation cs2">Grant, Lisa B.; Mueller, Karl J.; Gath, Eldon M.; Cheng, Hai; Edwards, R. Lawrence; Munro, Rosalind; Kennedy, George L. (1999), "Late Quaternary uplift and earthquake potential of the San Joaquin Hills, southern Los Angeles Basin, California", <i>Geology</i>, <b>27</b> (11): 1031–1034, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1130%2F0091-7613%281999%29027%3C1031%3ALQUAEP%3E2.3.CO%3B2">10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<1031:LQUAEP>2.3.CO;2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology&rft.atitle=Late+Quaternary+uplift+and+earthquake+potential+of+the+San+Joaquin+Hills%2C+southern+Los+Angeles+Basin%2C+California&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=1031-1034&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1130%2F0091-7613%281999%29027%3C1031%3ALQUAEP%3E2.3.CO%3B2&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Lisa+B.&rft.au=Mueller%2C+Karl+J.&rft.au=Gath%2C+Eldon+M.&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Hai&rft.au=Edwards%2C+R.+Lawrence&rft.au=Munro%2C+Rosalind&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+George+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ocparks.com/awresources/AWCWP_RMP_OpenHouse_Booklet.pdf">Aliso and Wood Canyons Wilderness Park</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061110052615/http://www.ocparks.com/awresources/AWCWP_RMP_OpenHouse_Booklet.pdf">Archived</a> 2006-11-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> open house booklet, Orange County Park System, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoan1989" class="citation cs2">Roan, Shari (November 19, 1989), <i>San Joaquin tollway work breaks historical ground</i>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange County Register">Orange County Register</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=San+Joaquin+tollway+work+breaks+historical+ground&rft.pub=Orange+County+Register&rft.date=1989-11-19&rft.aulast=Roan&rft.aufirst=Shari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDowney1993" class="citation cs2">Downey, Cheryl (April 28, 1993), <i>Fine whale skeletons unearthed: Paleontologists discover nearly intact skeletons along route of San Joaquin Hills toll road</i>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange County Register">Orange County Register</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fine+whale+skeletons+unearthed%3A+Paleontologists+discover+nearly+intact+skeletons+along+route+of+San+Joaquin+Hills+toll+road&rft.pub=Orange+County+Register&rft.date=1993-04-28&rft.aulast=Downey&rft.aufirst=Cheryl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDowney1993" class="citation cs2">Downey, Cheryl (May 11, 1993), <i>A window to our past: Scientists who are checking the San Joaquin Hills tollway route remove and preserve fossils millions of years old before construction starts</i>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange County Register">Orange County Register</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+window+to+our+past%3A+Scientists+who+are+checking+the+San+Joaquin+Hills+tollway+route+remove+and+preserve+fossils+millions+of+years+old+before+construction+starts&rft.pub=Orange+County+Register&rft.date=1993-05-11&rft.aulast=Downey&rft.aufirst=Cheryl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrennan1993" class="citation cs2">Brennan, Pat (June 18, 1993), <i>Fossil whale makes a delicate journey to county museum: Five million-year-old `Bones' is carefully loaded onto a truck for its trip to Buena Park</i>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange County Register">Orange County Register</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fossil+whale+makes+a+delicate+journey+to+county+museum%3A+Five+million-year-old+%60Bones%27+is+carefully+loaded+onto+a+truck+for+its+trip+to+Buena+Park&rft.pub=Orange+County+Register&rft.date=1993-06-18&rft.aulast=Brennan&rft.aufirst=Pat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrennan1998" class="citation cs2">Brennan, Pat (April 4, 1998), <i>Highway to history: Bones reveal a scenic road through the county's past</i>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange County Register">Orange County Register</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Highway+to+history%3A+Bones+reveal+a+scenic+road+through+the+county%27s+past&rft.pub=Orange+County+Register&rft.date=1998-04-04&rft.aulast=Brennan&rft.aufirst=Pat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChang1999" class="citation cs2">Chang, Daniel (May 1, 1999), <i>Dig this!</i>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange County Register">Orange County Register</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dig+this%21&rft.pub=Orange+County+Register&rft.date=1999-05-01&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeralta2002" class="citation cs2">Peralta, Jessica (May 17, 2002), <i>Bones about it: Toll road construction unearths fossil treasure trove for school lectures</i>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_County_Register" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange County Register">Orange County Register</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bones+about+it%3A+Toll+road+construction+unearths+fossil+treasure+trove+for+school+lectures&rft.pub=Orange+County+Register&rft.date=2002-05-17&rft.aulast=Peralta&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoerperMasonPeterson2002" class="citation book cs1">Koerper, Henry; Mason, Roger; Peterson, Mark (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/745176510"><i>Catalysts to complexity : late Holocene societies of the California coast</i></a>. Jon Erlandson, Terry L. Jones, Jeanne E. Arnold, Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA. Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-938770-67-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-938770-67-8"><bdi>978-1-938770-67-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/745176510">745176510</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catalysts+to+complexity+%3A+late+Holocene+societies+of+the+California+coast&rft.place=Los+Angeles&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Cotsen+Institute+of+Archaeology+at+UCLA&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F745176510&rft.isbn=978-1-938770-67-8&rft.aulast=Koerper&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.au=Mason%2C+Roger&rft.au=Peterson%2C+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F745176510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoetz2002" class="citation cs2">Goetz, Peggy (June 13, 2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://216.173.246.226/Bstories/june13/history.html"><i>History buff likes telling the story of Jose Sepulveda</i></a>, Irvine World News</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+buff+likes+telling+the+story+of+Jose+Sepulveda&rft.pub=Irvine+World+News&rft.date=2002-06-13&rft.aulast=Goetz&rft.aufirst=Peggy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F216.173.246.226%2FBstories%2Fjune13%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrantBallengerRunnerstrom2002" class="citation cs2">Grant, Lisa B.; Ballenger, Leslie J.; Runnerstrom, Eric E. (2002), "Coastal Uplift of the San Joaquin Hills, Southern Los Angeles Basin, California, by a Large Earthquake since A.D. 1635", <i>Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America</i>, <b>92</b> (2): 590–599, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1785%2F0120010119">10.1785/0120010119</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Coastal+Uplift+of+the+San+Joaquin+Hills%2C+Southern+Los+Angeles+Basin%2C+California%2C+by+a+Large+Earthquake+since+A.D.+1635&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=590-599&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1785%2F0120010119&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Lisa+B.&rft.au=Ballenger%2C+Leslie+J.&rft.au=Runnerstrom%2C+Eric+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColedan2002" class="citation cs2">Coledan, Stefano (April 2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080829175015/http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/industry/1285611.html">"California Earthquake Described By 18th Century Spanish Explorer"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Popular_Mechanics" title="Popular Mechanics">Popular Mechanics</a></i>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/industry/1285611.html">the original</a> on 2008-08-29</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Popular+Mechanics&rft.atitle=California+Earthquake+Described+By+18th+Century+Spanish+Explorer&rft.date=2002-04&rft.aulast=Coledan&rft.aufirst=Stefano&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.popularmechanics.com%2Ftechnology%2Findustry%2F1285611.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Joaquin+Hills" class="Z3988"></span>. Listed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a> as the earliest recorded earthquake in California on their <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/learning/facts.php">Earthquake Facts</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090226130258/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learning/facts.php">Archived</a> 2009-02-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> web page.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Newport_Beach,_California" title="Template:Newport Beach, California"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Newport_Beach,_California" title="Template talk:Newport Beach, California"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Newport_Beach,_California" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Newport Beach, California"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Newport_Beach,_California" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Newport_Beach,_California" title="Newport Beach, California">Newport Beach, California</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighborhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_Peninsula,_Newport_Beach" title="Balboa Peninsula, Newport Beach">Balboa Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_del_Mar,_Newport_Beach" title="Corona del Mar, Newport Beach">Corona del Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Coast,_Newport_Beach" title="Newport Coast, Newport Beach">Newport Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Heights,_Newport_Beach" title="Newport Heights, Newport Beach">Newport Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Hills,_Newport_Beach" title="San Joaquin Hills, Newport Beach">San Joaquin Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana_Heights,_California" title="Santa Ana Heights, California">Santa Ana Heights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_Island,_Newport_Beach" title="Balboa Island, Newport Beach">Balboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Island_(California)" title="Bay Island (California)">Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collins_Island,_Newport_Beach" title="Collins Island, Newport Beach">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbor_Island,_Newport_Beach" title="Harbor Island, Newport Beach">Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lido_Isle,_Newport_Beach" title="Lido Isle, Newport Beach">Lido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Isle,_Newport_Beach" title="Linda Isle, Newport Beach">Linda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Primary and secondary schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newport-Mesa_Unified_School_District" title="Newport-Mesa Unified School District">Newport-Mesa Unified School District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Harbor_High_School" title="Newport Harbor High School">Newport Harbor High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_del_Mar_High_School" title="Corona del Mar High School">Corona del Mar High School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sage_Hill_School" title="Sage Hill School">Sage Hill School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Colleges and universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coastline_Community_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Coastline Community College">Coastline Community College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Francis_School_of_Law" title="St. Francis School of Law">St. Francis School of Law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Catalina_Flyer" title="Catalina Flyer">Catalina Flyer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Pilot" title="Daily Pilot">Daily Pilot</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennial_Choirs_%26_Orchestras" title="Millennial Choirs & Orchestras">Millennial Choirs & Orchestras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Beach_Film_Festival" title="Newport Beach Film Festival">Newport Beach Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Beach_Wooden_Boat_Festival" title="Newport Beach Wooden Boat Festival">Newport Beach Wooden Boat Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wedge_(surfing)" title="The Wedge (surfing)">The Wedge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Beach_California_Temple" title="Newport Beach California Temple">Newport Beach California Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._James_Anglican_Church_(Newport_Beach)" title="St. James Anglican Church (Newport Beach)">St. James Anglican Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Parks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corona_del_Mar_State_Beach" title="Corona del Mar State Beach">Corona del Mar State Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Cove_State_Park" title="Crystal Cove State Park">Crystal Cove State Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Cove_State_Marine_Conservation_Area" title="Crystal Cove State Marine Conservation Area">State Marine Conservation Area</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Bay_(California)" title="Newport Bay (California)">Newport Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Back_Bay" title="Newport Back Bay">Back Bay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Newport_Bay" title="Upper Newport Bay">Upper Newport Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Newport_Bay_State_Marine_Conservation_Area" title="Upper Newport Bay State Marine Conservation Area">State Marine Conservation Area</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Other landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_Bay_Resort" title="Balboa Bay Resort">Balboa Bay Resort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_Fun_Zone" title="Balboa Fun Zone">Balboa Fun Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_Inn" title="Balboa Inn">Balboa Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_Pavilion" title="Balboa Pavilion">Balboa Pavilion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_Pier" title="Balboa Pier">Balboa Pier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_Theater" title="Balboa Theater">Balboa Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Crab_Cooker" title="The Crab Cooker">The Crab Cooker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dory_Fish_Market" title="Dory Fish Market">Dory Fish Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_Island" title="Fashion Island">Fashion Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerckhoff_Marine_Laboratory" title="Kerckhoff Marine Laboratory">Kerckhoff Marine Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lido_Theater_(Newport_Beach)" title="Lido Theater (Newport Beach)">Lido Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovell_Beach_House" title="Lovell Beach House">Lovell Beach House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_Pier" title="Newport Pier">Newport Pier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Creek" title="San Diego Creek">San Diego Creek</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Joaquin Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Library_and_Gardens" title="Sherman Library and Gardens">Sherman Library and Gardens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Newport_Beach,_California" title="History of Newport Beach, California">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genga,_California" title="Genga, California">Genga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McFadden_Wharf" title="McFadden Wharf">McFadden Wharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moyongna" title="Moyongna">Moyongna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Thomas_and_Jackie_Hawks" class="mw-redirect" title="Murder of Thomas and Jackie Hawks">Murder of Thomas and Jackie Hawks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancho_San_Joaquin" title="Rancho San Joaquin">Rancho San Joaquin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Newport_Beach,_California" title="List of people from Newport Beach, California">List of people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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