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class="post-thumbnail"> <img src="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/La_bataille_dAusterlitz._2_decembre_1805_Francois_Gerard.jpg" alt="V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu"> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/La_bataille_dAusterlitz._2_decembre_1805_Francois_Gerard.jpg" class="post-lightbox" data-rel="lightcase:post_gallery_8738"></a> </div> <div class="post-thumnail-caption sh-heading-font"> Zrejme najslávnejší obraz bitky pri Slavkove namaľoval F. Gérard </div> </div> <div class="post-copyrights"> Text bol pôvodne publikovaný na HistoryWeb.sk 1. decembra 2017. </div> <div class="post-item-single-container"> <div class="post-single-meta"> <div class="post-categories-container"> <div class="post-categories"><a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/category/dlhe-19-storocie/">Dlhé 19. storočie</a></div> </div> <a class="post-title"> <h1> V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu <span class="post-read-later post-read-later-guest" href="#login-register" data-type="add" data-id="8738"><i class="fa fa-bookmark-o"></i></span> </h1> </a> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="post-meta-content"> <span class="post-auhor-date post-auhor-date-full"> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/author/mgr-jiri-kovarik-f-i-n-s/"> <img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/910890b0a805d8c249ee6212cf504022?s=28&d=mm&r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/910890b0a805d8c249ee6212cf504022?s=56&d=mm&r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-28 photo post-author-image' height='28' width='28' decoding='async'/> </a> <span> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/author/mgr-jiri-kovarik-f-i-n-s/" class="post-author">Mgr. Jiří Kovařík, F.I.N.S.</a></span>, <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/dlhe-19-storocie/ked-vyslo-slnko-nad-slavkovom/" class="post-date"> 1. decembra 2017 </a> </span> <span class="post-readtime"> <i class="icon icon-clock"></i> 10 min <span>čítania</span> </span> <span class="responsive-post-read-later">  <span class="post-read-later post-read-later-guest" href="#login-register" data-type="add" data-id="8738"><i class="fa fa-bookmark-o"></i></span> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content post-single-content"> <p><em>Tri armády, traja cisári a jeden z najväčších vojenských triumfov v histórii. Hoci nás od <strong>bitky pri Slavkove</strong> delia už vyše dve storočia, stále budí zaslúžený úžas u odborníkov i u laikov. Nielen svojím priebehom a výsledkom, ale aj zarážajúcim množstvom chýb a omylov, ktoré pri jej interpretáciách neustále pretrvávajú. </em></p> <div class="wp-block-image wp-image-16910"> <figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="653" height="1024" src="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/81wRc8uteaL-653x1024.jpg" alt="81wRc8uteaL - V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu" class="wp-image-23440" style="width:601px;height:auto" srcset="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/81wRc8uteaL-653x1024.jpg 653w, https://historylab.dennikn.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/81wRc8uteaL-768x1205.jpg 768w, https://historylab.dennikn.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/81wRc8uteaL-979x1536.jpg 979w, https://historylab.dennikn.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/81wRc8uteaL-1305x2048.jpg 1305w, https://historylab.dennikn.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/81wRc8uteaL-585x918.jpg 585w, https://historylab.dennikn.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/81wRc8uteaL.jpg 1600w" sizes="(max-width: 653px) 100vw, 653px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Napoleon ako francúzsky cisár (François Gérard, 1805)</em></figcaption></figure></div> <p>Jedna z najslávnejších bitiek v histórii ľudstva, vo svete známa ako Austerlitz, ukončila najoslnivejšie ťaženie Napoleona I., cisára Francúzov, a bola darom k prvému výročiu jeho korunovácie, ku ktorej prišlo presne rok predtým. <strong>Porážka ďalších dvoch cisárov</strong>, rakúskeho Františka I. (súčasne českého kráľa) a ruského Alexandra I., sa stala aj triumfálnou bodkou za vojnou tretej protifrancúzskej koalície, tvorenej, pokiaľ ide o tých najsilnejších, Veľkou Britániou, habsburským cisárstvom a Ruskom.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Vojna s treťou koalíciou</strong></h2> <p>K tomuto stretnutiu sa schyľovalo od roku 1803 a príčin bolo nesmierne veľa. Na začiatku stála nová vojna s Veľkou Britániou, ktorá hľadala na kontinente spojencov, olej do ohňa priliala rozpínavosť Francúzska v Itálii a v nemeckých oblastiach či premena republiky v cisárstvo. <strong>Podľa najnovších výskumov ale podstatnú úlohu zohrala osobná nenávisť Alexandra I. a snaha Ruska preniknúť do Európy.</strong> Rusko uzavrelo spojenectvo s Britániou a 9. augusta 1805 presvedčilo s nasadením všetkých prostriedkov habsburskú ríšu, aby obranné spojenectvo zmenila na útočné. Dňa 8. septembra následne jedna rakúska armáda vpochodovala do Bavorska, krajiny Napoleonovho spojenca, a ďalšie boli pripravené v Itálii a v Tirolsku.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Bleskové ťaženie</strong></h2> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/6y.gif" data-slb-active="1" data-slb-asset="1317440260" data-slb-internal="0"><img decoding="async" src="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/6y.gif" alt="6y - V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu" style="width:832px;height:auto"></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Stredná Európa 1805, strategická situácia k 25. novembru (Zdroj: westpoint.edu)</em></figcaption></figure></div> <p>Pre Napoleona sa vojna začala skôr, ako čakal, 24. septembra však obrátil vojská, sústredené na brehu La Manche kvôli invázii do Anglicka. Pod novým menom <strong>Grande Armée (Veľká armáda)</strong> vyrazili jej časti cez Francúzsko, v prvých októbrových dňoch prešli Rýn a obchvatom, vedeným siedmimi armádnymi zbormi, prenikli na Dunaj do boku Rakúšanov. Po stretnutiach pri Wertingene, Haslachu, Günzburgu a Elchingene zahnali Rakúšanov pod velením podmaršala Macka do pevnosti Ulm, kde Mack 20. októbra 1805 kapituloval.</p> <p>Medzitým dorazila cez Moravu do Rakúska ruská Podolská armáda a zaujala pozície blízko rakúsko-bavorskej hranice na rieke Inn. Francúzsky cisár k nej vyrazil a Rusi generála pechoty Kutuzova (asi 35-tisíc mužov) i zvyšky Rakúšanov začali 29. októbra s ústupom po prúde Dunaja. V jeho priebehu prišlo k niekoľkým stretnutiam zadného voja s predným, ale potom Kutuzov prešiel na severný breh Dunaja, 11. novembra poničil zbor maršala Mortiera pri Dürnsteine a tiahol na Moravu v ústrety ďalšej ruskej armáde generála Buxhöwdena.</p> <p><strong>Napoleon, ktorý vstúpil 13. novembra do Viedne, pochodoval za ním a po ďalšom strete pri Schöngraberne (16. novembra) dorazil 19. novembra do Brna.</strong> Rusi a Rakúšania ustúpili k Olomoucu, kam už prišiel Buxhöwden s druhým ruským zoskupením, ku ktorému sa pripojil ako imperátor Alexander, tak aj cisár František s rakúskymi zálohami.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Napoleon predstiera slabosť</strong></h2> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Alexander_I_of_Russia_by_G.Dawe_1826_Peterhof_.jpg" data-slb-active="1" data-slb-asset="1708348767" data-slb-internal="0"><img decoding="async" src="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Alexander_I_of_Russia_by_G.Dawe_1826_Peterhof_.jpg" alt="- V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu" style="width:736px;height:auto"></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Ruský cár Alexander I. (Maľba: G. Dawe)</em></figcaption></figure></div> <p>Začínala zima, Napoleon bol ďaleko od Paríža a hrozilo, že vojnu proti nemu začne aj Prusko, čo by ho odtrhlo od Francúzska. Potreboval svojich protivníkov čo najskôr donútiť k rozhodujúcej bitke, preto východne od Brna na cisárskej ceste k Olomoucu a neďaleko Slavkova zastavil, akoby sa spojencov bál. Keď z Olomouca vyrazili a priblížili sa k Vyškovu, dokonca z výhodnej pozície na Prateckom návrší ustúpil a zaujal obrannú pozíciu bližšie k Brnu za údolím Zlatého potoka, od obce Telnice na juhu po Tvarožnú nad cisárskou cestou.</p> <p>Mal tu len časť Veľkej armády, zbory maršalov Lannesa a Soulta spolu s tzv. záložným jazdectvom maršala Murata, a spojenci uverili, že je príliš slabý.<strong> Stavili na strategickú možnosť obchvatu jeho pravého krídla s cieľom odstrihnúť ho od cesty na Viedeň, a tým aj od spojenia s posilami. </strong>Vyrazili piatimi kolónami dopredu, minuli Slavkov a 1. decembra sa rozvinuli po celej dĺžke Prateckého návršia, ktoré predtým uvoľnili Francúzi.</p> <p>Napoleon kalkuloval na hranici hazardu a rátal, že stihne včas povolať od Viedne zbor maršala Davouta a od Jihlavy zbor maršala Bernadotta, čím vytvorí zoskupenie schopné nepriateľa poraziť.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Jiříkovické ohne</strong></h2> <p>Na východnej strane, na Prateckom návrší pri ceste na Olomouc, stálo 85-tisíc spojencov (z toho 16-tisíc Rakúšanov), na západe sa tiahla od homole kopca pri Tvarožnej, ktorú si Francúzi premenovali na Santon, až po Telnice s Měnínským a Žatčanským rybníkom <strong>línia 72-tisíc Napoleonových mužov</strong>. Cisár, ktorý už povolal posily od Davouta a Bernadotta, uskutočnil 1. decembra neskoro večer prieskum smerom k Telniciam, a keď sa vracal, privítali ho vlastní vojaci pri Jiříkoviciach pochodňami a nadšeným pokrikom Vive lʼEmpereur! – Nech žije cisár.  Celá rozsvietená oblasť, ktorá vyzerala z pohľadu spojencov ako sviatočná iluminácia, potom dostala meno Jiříkovické ohne.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Slavkovské slnko</strong></h2> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter"><a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/2y.gif" data-slb-active="1" data-slb-asset="1145672961" data-slb-internal="0"><img decoding="async" src="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/2y.gif" alt="2y - V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu"></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Bitka pri Slavkove, situácia okolo 09.00 (Zdroj: westpoint.edu)</em></figcaption></figure></div> <p>Napoleon sa zámerne rozvinul tak, aby mal slabé pravé krídlo, na ktoré chcel spojencov nalákať. Rátal s tým, že túto časť na poslednú chvíľu posilnia Davoutove divízie pochodujúce od Viedne. <strong>Až by sem nepriateľ sústredil pozornosť, chcel udrieť na jeho pravé krídlo. </strong>Rusi a Rakúšania konali presne tak, ako si ich protivník prial, opustili plán na obchvat severom a piatimi kolónami začali ráno 2. decembra zostupovať z Prateckého kopca do údolia Zlatého potoka, pričom ich hlavný nápor smeroval do priestoru obcí Telnice a Sokolnice. Tu chceli Francúzov odrezať od Viedne a pred Brnom rozdrviť.</p> <div class="histo-display_v-obsahu histo-target" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center; margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; clear: both; " id="histo-1488012538" data-histo-trackid="21127" data-histo-trackbid="1"><script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-2045141860434227" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-2045141860434227" data-ad-slot="5846102904" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div><p>2. decembra presne o 7.30 vyšlo v mierne zasneženej krajine, kde sa teplota pohybovala tesne nad nulou, <strong>legendárne slavkovské slnko, ožiarilo Napoleonovi vyprázdnené výšiny, spojencom však zakrylo Francúzov v údolí Zlatého potoka hmlou.</strong></p> <p>Legrandova divízia pri Telniciach mala udržať na pravom krídle obranu stoj čo stoj a ďalšie dve divízie Soultovho zboru dostali onedlho rozkaz vyraziť cez dedinu Prace na vrcholky uvoľnených výšin. Bol to manéver, ktorý neskôr dostal meno Leví skok.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Leví skok</strong></h2> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/1yy1.jpg" data-slb-active="1" data-slb-asset="711247626" data-slb-internal="0"><img decoding="async" src="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/1yy1.jpg" alt="1yy1 - V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu" style="width:704px;height:auto"></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Bitka o orla, jediného, ktorého Francúzi stratili v bitke (Maľba: V. Mazurovského)</em></figcaption></figure></div> <p>Napoleon sa chcel Levím skokom dostať do boku spojeneckej zostavy a spolu s postupom Lannesovho zboru z ľavého krídla dokončiť obchvat do ich tyla, ktorý by vyvrcholil zovretím a rozdrvením v priestore medzi rybníkmi, Telnicami a Sokolnicami, lenže z tohto zámeru vyšla len časť. <strong>Prudké boje medzi Lannesom a Bagrationovým predvojom, podporeným ruskou imperátorskou gardou, obchvat zo severu neumožnili</strong>, a navyše na rovine pri ceste vzplanuli prudké boje jázd oboch strán.</p> <p>Hore na Pratecký kopec útočila len Saint-Hilairova divízia, nasledovaná vľavo divíziou Vandammovou, a obe narazili na odpor, ktorý tu francúzsky cisár nečakal. Do údolia Zlatého potoka totiž zišli len tri spojenecké kolóny, útočiace na línii Telnice – Sokolnice, tá štvrtá zostala hore. Generál pechoty Kutuzov ju tam napriek dispozíciám i prianiu svojho panovníka zdržal, ako keby Napoleonov zámer vytušil. Generálporučík Langeron, veliteľ 2. spojeneckej kolóny, takisto pochopil, že niečo nie je v poriadku, a vrátil sa s Kamenského divíziou z údolia Zlatého potoka nahor.</p> <p><strong>Na výšinách sa rozhorel urputný boj kto z koho</strong>, zásah Vandammovej divízie, postupujúcej vľavo od Saint-Hilaira však nakoniec situáciu stabilizoval. Rusi ustupovali z odvráteného svahu smerom k rybníkom a rakúska časť k Starým vinohradom, kde Rottermundova brigáda v obrane takmer vykrvácala.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Davout pri Telniciach</strong></h2> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="alignright"><a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/3y.gif" data-slb-active="1" data-slb-asset="1855418039" data-slb-internal="0"><img decoding="async" src="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/3y.gif" alt="3y - V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu"></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Bitka pri Slavkove, situácia okolo 14.00 (Zdroj: westpoint.edu)</em></figcaption></figure></div> <p>Na slabé francúzske pravé krídlo pri Telniciach sa medzitým drala kombinovaná kolóna generálov Kienmayera a Dochturova, medzi Telnicami a Sokolnicami útočila časť Langeronovej kolóny a slabo hájené Sokolnice dobýjala kolóna generála Przybyszewského. <strong>V najkritickejšej chvíli však dorazil na scénu s Friantovou divíziou a dragúnskym plukom maršal Davout. </strong>Neúnavne, takmer bez oddychu pochodoval z Viedne, a jeho nástup rusko-rakúsky postup na Zlatom potoku zastavil.</p> <p>Cisár, ktorý mal doposiaľ hlavný stan na kopci Žuráň (je tam dnes pamätník) pri južnom okraji olomouckej cesty, už vedel, že na scénu prichádzajú ďalšie jednotky. Bernadottov zbor vyplnil medzeru medzi Soultom a Lannesom. Napoleon dostal hlásenie, že Leví skok začína dosahovať cieľ, a presunul sa preto s cisárskou gardou, elitným peším a jazdeckým zoskupením, na Pratecký kopec.</p><div class="histo-obsah histo-target" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center; margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; clear: both; " id="histo-512738966" data-histo-trackid="21180" data-histo-trackbid="1"><script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-2045141860434227" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block; text-align:center;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-2045141860434227" data-ad-slot="6364977653" data-ad-layout="in-article" data-ad-format="fluid"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Garda proti garde</strong></h2> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="alignleft"><a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/4y47.jpg" data-slb-active="1" data-slb-asset="1415741790" data-slb-internal="0"><img decoding="async" src="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/4y47.jpg" alt="4y47 - V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu"></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Mohyla mieru</em></figcaption></figure></div> <p>Z opačnej strany svahu, od východu, sa na výšiny presúvala aj garda imperátora Alexandra pod velením jeho brata cároviča Konstantina Pavloviča, ktorá mala šancu zvrátiť situáciu v prospech spojencov. Na čele šiel <strong>prestížny jazdecký Kavalergardský pluk</strong>, za ním nasledovali <strong>dve elitné pešie pluky</strong>, Preobraženský a Semenovský. Ťažkí ruskí gardoví jazdci udreli na časť 4. radového pluku tak nečakane, že sa ani nestihol preskupiť do obranného štvorhranu a prišiel na Starých vinohradoch o zástavu, prápor ukončený zlatistou napoleonskou orlicou. Napoleon kritickú situáciu zaznamenal a poslal proti cárskej garde svoju jazdeckú gardu pod velením maršala Bessièresa, ktorú nasledovali jazdci jeho osobnej ochrany, gardoví jazdeckí myslivci a exotickí mameluci, vedení generálom Rappom.</p> <p><em>„Útok bol strašný (…) všetko sa premiešalo, bojovali sme telo na telo. Nakoniec (…) Rusi ušli a stiahli sa. Alexander a rakúsky cisár sa stali svedkami tej porážky; stáli na vyvýšenine neďaleko od bojiska, videli tú gardu, čo im mala zaistiť víťazstvo, rozsekanú hŕstkou statočných na kusy…“</em> napísal neskôr Jean Rapp.</p> <p>Scénu, keď Rapp prichádza k cisárovi so správou o víťazstve a vedie so sebou zajaté knieža Repnina, zvečnil maliar Gérard na monumentálnom plátne, ktoré je <a href="http://napoleon-knihy.blogspot.sk/2017/11/nejslavnejsi-obraz-bitvy-u-slavkova.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">najslávnejšou apoteózou</a> celej bitky.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Legenda o rybníkoch</strong></h2> <p>Bitka bola vyhratá, porazené jednotky ustupovali zo svahov na východ, plačúci ruský imperátor i cisár František opúšťali bojisko. Na severe sa pred Muratom a Lannesom sťahoval Bagration, pri Sokolniciach sa vzdala obkľúčená Przybyszewského kolóna. <strong>V pasci ale uviazli aj Kienmayerove a Dochturove jednotk</strong>y, ustupujúce od Telníc, a s nimi aj časť Langeronových síl. Dali sa na ústup po hrádzi medzi Měnínskym a Žatčanským rybníkom i po slabom ľade, Rakúšania usporiadane, ale pod zmätkujúcimi Rusmi ľad praskal. Napoleon potom do bulletinu o bitke napísal, že sa tu utopili tisícky nepriateľov, čím vznikla legenda pretrvávajúca dodnes. Rakúske správy o výlove a prehľadávaní oboch rybníkov hovoria, že tu našli len dvoch utopencov.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Vojaci, som s vami spokojný</strong></h2> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="alignright"><a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/5y38.jpg" data-slb-active="1" data-slb-asset="677374304" data-slb-internal="0"><img decoding="async" src="https://historylab.dennikn.sk//wp-content/uploads/2021/03/5y38.jpg" alt="5y38 - V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu"></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Napoleon a František po bitke (Maľba: A.-J. Gros)</em></figcaption></figure></div> <p>Nad francúzskou líniou sa v neskorom popoludní nieslo bubnovanie ohlasujúce víťazstvo, ktoré znamenalo aj triumfálny koniec vojny s treťou protifrancúzskou koalíciou. <strong>Cisár František obratom požiadal o prímerie</strong>, ktoré bolo potvrdené schôdzkou s Napoleonom pri Spálenom mlyne dva dni po bitke. Nasledoval prešpurský mier, pre habsburskú ríšu veľmi tvrdý, vojna s Ruskom sa však skončila až v lete 1807 mierom v Tylži.</p> <p><em>„Vojaci, som s vami spokojný! V slavkovskom dni ste obstáli vo všetkom, čo som od vás očakával; svoje orly ste pokryli nesmrteľnou slávou…,“</em> písal Napoleon v bulletine o víťazstve a dodal: <em>„Stačí vám povedať: ‚Bol som v bitke pri Slavkove,‘, aby odpovedali:</em> <em>‚To je hrdina!‘“</em></p> <p>Francúzske straty boli zhruba 1400 mŕtvych a 7300 zranených, Rakúšania mali 600 mŕtvych a 1200 zranených. Je veľmi ťažké povedať, o koľko prišli Rusi, udávaných je 16 000 mŕtvych a ranených, čo je až neuveriteľný počet.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Pripomienky bitky</strong></h2> <p>Dvakrát do roka, najskôr v deň Napoleonových narodenín (15. augusta 1769) a potom na výročie bitky, sa na bojisku odohrávajú rekonštrukcie, pripomínajúce bitku z 2. decembra 1805. Tú historicky najprepracovanejšiu a pokiaľ ide o pohyby jednotiek najdokonalejšiu organizuje <em>Central European Napoleonic Society</em> s <em>Projektom Austerlitz</em> <a href="http://historyweb.dennikn.sk/js/tinymce/(www.austerlitz.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">(www.austerlitz.org</a>). Podľa dobových predpisov a na základe skutočných udalostí sa tu stretávajú jednotky  re-enactementu, milovníkov vojenskej histórie, v uniformách všetkých troch zúčastnených armád.</p> <p><strong>Mohyla mieru je vôbec prvý mierový pamätník v Európe.</strong> Vznikol v rokoch 1910 – 1912 na najvyššom bode Prateckého kopca z iniciatívy brnianskeho kňaza a učiteľa Aloisa Slováka podľa návrhu a projektu architekta Josefa Fantu. Secesný monument v tvare 26 m vysokého zrezaného ihlanu, zakončený glóbusom a krížom, v sebe ukrýva kaplnku s osáriom, kde sú symbolicky uložené pozostatky padlých. Pripomienky slavkovskej bitky končievajú uctením pamiatky všetkých, ktorí tu položili svoje životy.</p> <p></p> <p><em>So súhlasom </em><a href="http://napoleon-knihy.blogspot.sk/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Jiřího Kovaříka</em></a><em>, známeho vojenského a napoleonského historika, preto uverejňujeme jeho zasvätený článok o bitke troch cisárov, ktorá sa <strong>2. decembra 1805 </strong>odohrala pri juhomoravskom <strong>Slavkove</strong>. Bitka je nerozlučne spojená aj s našimi dejinami, keďže mier, ktorý po nej ukončil celú vojnu, podpísali 26. decembra v bratislavskom Primaciálnom paláci.</em></p> <p><strong>Základná literatúra</strong></p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>Fidler, J.: Slavkovská encyklopedie. Praha 2005.</li> <li><a href="https://www.martinus.sk/?uItem=161212" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Kovařík, J.: Slavkov 1805. Napoleonův největší triumf. Třebíč 2013.</a></li> <li>Uhlíř, D.: Slunce nad Slavkovem. Třebíč 2010.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Internetové odkazy:</strong></p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>a) <a href="http://napoleon-knihy.blogspot.sk/2017/11/bitva-tri-cisaru-slavkov-2-prosince-1805.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://napoleon-knihy.blogspot.sk/2017/11/bitva-tri-cisaru-slavkov-2-prosince-1805.html</a></li> <li>b) <a href="http://www.austerlitz.org/cz/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.austerlitz.org/cz/</a></li> <li>c) <a href="http://mohylamiru.muzeumbrnenska.cz/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://mohylamiru.muzeumbrnenska.cz/</a></li> </ul> <p>Obrazová príloha: <a href="https://www.wikipedia.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">wikipedia.org</a>, westpoint.edu, V. Mazurovský, A.-J. Gros, F. Gérard, G. Dawe, R. M. Volkov</p>   <div class="molongui-clearfix"></div><div id="mab-4694533829" class="m-a-box " data-box-layout="slim" data-box-position="below" data-multiauthor="false" data-author-id="175" data-author-type="user" data-author-archived=""><div class="m-a-box-container"><div class="m-a-box-tab m-a-box-content m-a-box-profile" data-profile-layout="layout-1" data-author-ref="user-175" itemscope itemid="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/author/mgr-jiri-kovarik-f-i-n-s/" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><div class="m-a-box-content-top"></div><div class="m-a-box-content-middle"><div class="m-a-box-item m-a-box-avatar" data-source="local"><a class="m-a-box-avatar-url" href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/author/mgr-jiri-kovarik-f-i-n-s/"><img decoding="async" alt="910890b0a805d8c249ee6212cf504022?s=150&d=mp&r=g - V bitke pri Slavkove Napoleon dokázal svoju genialitu" src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/910890b0a805d8c249ee6212cf504022?s=150&d=mp&r=g" srcset="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/910890b0a805d8c249ee6212cf504022?s=300&d=mp&r=g 2x" class="avatar avatar-150 photo" height="150" width="150" itemprop="image"></a></div><div class="m-a-box-item m-a-box-data"><div class="m-a-box-name m-a-box-title"><h5 itemprop="name"><a class="m-a-box-name-url " href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/author/mgr-jiri-kovarik-f-i-n-s/" itemprop="url"> Mgr. Jiří Kovařík, F.I.N.S.</a></h5></div><div class="m-a-box-bio" itemprop="description"><p>Je historik, autor literatúry faktu z vojenských, napoleonských a francúzskych dejín, prekladateľ z francúzštiny, čestný člen The International Napoleonic Society.</p></div></div></div><div class="m-a-box-content-bottom"></div></div></div></div><div class="histo-amp_random histo-target" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center; margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; " id="histo-1030254411" data-histo-trackid="21178" data-histo-trackbid="1"><script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-2045141860434227" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-2045141860434227" data-ad-slot="4732275943" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div><script>( window.advanced_ads_ready || jQuery( document ).ready ).call( null, function() {var advads_content_p = jQuery("#histo-1030254411").parent().children("p:not(table p):not(blockquote p):not(div.wp-caption p)").filter(function(){return jQuery.trim(this.innerHTML)!==""});var advads_content_random_p = advads_content_p.eq( Math.round(Math.random() * ( advads_content_p.length - 1) ) );if( advads_content_random_p.length ) { advads.move("#histo-1030254411", advads_content_random_p, { method: "insertAfter" }); }});</script> </div> <div class="sh-page-links"></div> <div class="post-tags-container"> <div class="post-tags"> <a class="post-tags-item post-tags-item-title"> Tagy </a> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/tag/bitka-pri-slavkove/" class="post-tags-item"> #bitka pri slavkove </a> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/tag/francuzsko/" class="post-tags-item"> #Francúzsko </a> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/tag/habsburska-risa/" class="post-tags-item"> #Habsburská ríša </a> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/tag/napoleon-bonaparte/" class="post-tags-item"> #Napoleon Bonaparte </a> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/tag/napoleonske-vojny/" class="post-tags-item"> #napoleonské vojny </a> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/tag/rakusko/" class="post-tags-item"> #Rakúsko </a> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/tag/rusko/" class="post-tags-item"> #Rusko </a> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/tag/vojenska-historia/" class="post-tags-item"> #Vojenská história </a> </div> <div class="sh-clear"></div> </div> </div> <div class="post-related-title post-slide-arrows-container"> <h2 class="post-single-title"> Mohlo by sa vám páčiť </h2> </div> <div class="post-related"> <div class="post-related-item"> <article id="post-9974" class="post-item post-9974 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-dlhe-19-storocie tag-albansko tag-balkan tag-balkanske-vojny tag-kral-wilhelm"> <div class="post-container"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <div class="sh-ratio"> <div class="sh-ratio-container"> <div class="sh-ratio-content" style="background-image: url( https://historylab.dennikn.sk/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/1920px-Delegatet_e_Kongresit_te_Triestes-420x265.jpeg);"></div> </div> </div> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/dlhe-19-storocie/kral-wilhelm-sedel-na-albanskom-trone-len-pol-roka/" class="post-overlay"></a> <div class="post-categories-container"> <div class="post-categories"><a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/category/dlhe-19-storocie/">Dlhé 19. storočie</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content-container"> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/dlhe-19-storocie/kral-wilhelm-sedel-na-albanskom-trone-len-pol-roka/" class="post-title"> <h4> Kráľ Wilhelm sedel na albánskom tróne len pol roka <span class="post-read-later post-read-later-guest" href="#login-register" data-type="add" data-id="9974"><i class="fa fa-bookmark-o"></i></span> </h4> </a> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="post-meta-content"> <span class="post-auhor-date"> <span> <a href="https://historylab.dennikn.sk/author/mgr-maros-melicharek-phd/" class="post-author">Mgr. 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