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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">French missionary</div> <p><b>Nicolas-Ignace de Beaubois</b> (October 15, 1689 – January 13, 1770) was a French Jesuit priest and missionary who joined the Canadian mission in Quebec in 1719. In 1724, he became the superior of the Mississippi Valley colony and missions. In 1727, he settled in New Orleans. He returned to France in 1735, where he was an agent and fund-raiser for American missions, a minister, and an organizer of Jesuit spiritual retreats.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas-Ignace_de_Beaubois&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nicolas-Ignace de Beaubois was born at <a href="/wiki/Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Orléans">Orléans</a>, France on October 15, 1689. On October 29, 1706,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beaubois was admitted to the Society of Jesus (the <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a>), and he made his <a href="/wiki/Noviciate" class="mw-redirect" title="Noviciate">noviciate</a> in Paris. For two years he continued philosophical studies. Beginning in the fall of 1710, he taught boys in <a href="/wiki/Rennes" title="Rennes">Rennes</a> for three years and then taught a year at <a href="/wiki/Alen%C3%A7on" title="Alençon">Alençon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seeking to be ordained, he studied theology at <a href="/wiki/La_Fl%C3%A8che" title="La Flèche">La Flèche</a> and continued his studies one more year after he was ordained in 1717.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1719, Beaubois was assigned to the Canadian mission and spent some time in Quebec. He was then stationed among the Illinois Native Americans beginning in 1721. At that time the mission was under the jurisdiction of <a href="/wiki/French_Louisiana" title="French Louisiana">French Louisiana</a>, with its seat in New Orleans. Beaubois pronounced the four solemn vows of the professed Jesuit at <a href="/wiki/Kaskaskia,_Illinois" title="Kaskaskia, Illinois">Kaskaskia</a> on February 2, 1723.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mississippi_Valley_missions">Mississippi Valley missions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas-Ignace_de_Beaubois&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Mississippi Valley missions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Jesuit order designated the missions within the Mississippi valley as a distinct mission district within the Quebec diocese. Beaubois became the superior of the mission district in 1724.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through his negotiations during a trip to France as well as with the Compagnie des Indes, he arranged for the establishment of the first girls' school in the Mississippi Valley, located in New Orleans and run by <a href="/wiki/Ursulines" title="Ursulines">Ursuline nuns</a>; funds for the Mississippi Valley missions' and a Jesuit house and a plantation near New Orleans.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beaubois arrived in New Orleans in March 1727 with <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Perier_(governor)" title="Étienne Perier (governor)">Étienne de Périer</a>, the new commander of the French Louisiana.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jesuits respected Beaubois's intelligence, but he lacked tact and was "too frank" according to Périer. He created friction with the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Friars_Minor_Capuchin" title="Order of Friars Minor Capuchin">Capachins</a>, including its pastor Raphaël de Luxembourg, who had established themselves in New Orleans before the Jesuits.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1727, Beaubois was named <a href="/wiki/Vicar_general" title="Vicar general">vicar general</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_de_La_Croix_de_Chevri%C3%A8res_de_Saint-Vallier" title="Jean-Baptiste de La Croix de Chevrières de Saint-Vallier">Jean-Baptiste de La Croix de Chevrières de Saint-Vallier</a> of Quebec, but due to controversies with Capuchins about his areas of responsibility and dominion, he returned to France, arriving in July 1728. He was reinstated in March 1732, but he was recalled by his Jesuit superiors in or after 1734.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="France">France</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas-Ignace_de_Beaubois&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1735, Beaubois sailed back to France and lived in <a href="/wiki/Bourges" title="Bourges">Bourges</a> at the Jesuit college, where he was a fundraiser and agent for the American missions. He organized retreats based upon <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Loyola" title="Ignatius of Loyola">Ignatius of Loyola</a>'s spiritual exercises beginning in 1743 at the college of Amiens and then at the college at Vannes from 1751 until 1762, when Jesuits were suppressed in France.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beaubois died near <a href="/wiki/Avignon,_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Avignon, France">Avignon, France</a> on January 13, 1770.<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas-Ignace_de_Beaubois&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although controversial, Beaubois improved management of Mississippi Valley colony and missions,<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he: </p> <ul><li>established the first permanent Jesuit residence in New Orleans as a way station for Jesuit missionaries<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>promoted developing relationships with Native Americans</li> <li>promoted revenue-producing sugar cane and indigo plantations for missions</li> <li>stressed the strategic importance of the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> as English settlers moved west</li> <li>was instrumental in gaining royal approval for digging a canal from the edge of New Orleans to Rivière d'Orléans (<a href="/wiki/Bayou_St._John" title="Bayou St. John">Bayou St. John</a>), which was accomplished under the Spanish regime<sup id="cite_ref-DCB_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Beaubois Street in the Neufchâtel East–Lebourgneuf sections of <a href="/wiki/Les_Rivi%C3%A8res,_Quebec_City" title="Les Rivières, Quebec City">Les Rivières</a>, Quebec is named for him.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas-Ignace_de_Beaubois&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Dictionary of Louisiana Biography states that he became a Jesuit on October 20, 1706.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas-Ignace_de_Beaubois&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-DCB-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DCB_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFO’Neill1974" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">O’Neill, C. E. (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/beaubois_nicolas_ignace_de_3E.html">"Beaubois, Nicolas-Ignace de"</a>. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Canadian_Biography" title="Dictionary of Canadian Biography">Dictionary of Canadian Biography</a></i>. Vol. III (1741–1770) (online ed.). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto_Press" title="University of Toronto Press">University of Toronto Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Beaubois%2C+Nicolas-Ignace+de&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Canadian+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=O%E2%80%99Neill&rft.aufirst=C.+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biographi.ca%2Fen%2Fbio%2Fbeaubois_nicolas_ignace_de_3E.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas-Ignace+de+Beaubois" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lahistory.org/resources/dictionary-louisiana-biography/dictionary-louisiana-biography-b/">"Dictionary of Louisiana Biography - B"</a>. <i>Louisiana Historical Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Louisiana+Historical+Association&rft.atitle=Dictionary+of+Louisiana+Biography+-+B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lahistory.org%2Fresources%2Fdictionary-louisiana-biography%2Fdictionary-louisiana-biography-b%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas-Ignace+de+Beaubois" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ignatianyearnola.org/about/history-of-jesuits-in-nola/">"History of Jesuits in NOLA"</a>. <i>Ignatian Year NOLA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ignatian+Year+NOLA&rft.atitle=History+of+Jesuits+in+NOLA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fignatianyearnola.org%2Fabout%2Fhistory-of-jesuits-in-nola%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas-Ignace+de+Beaubois" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jesuitarchives.org/collections/new-orleans-province-archive/">"New Orleans Province Archive"</a>. <i>jesuitarchives.org</i>. 2019-04-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jesuitarchives.org&rft.atitle=New+Orleans+Province+Archive&rft.date=2019-04-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjesuitarchives.org%2Fcollections%2Fnew-orleans-province-archive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas-Ignace+de+Beaubois" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ville.quebec.qc.ca/citoyens/patrimoine/toponymie/fiche.aspx?idFiche=278">"Toponymie"</a>. <i>www.ville.quebec.qc.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ville.quebec.qc.ca&rft.atitle=Toponymie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ville.quebec.qc.ca%2Fcitoyens%2Fpatrimoine%2Ftoponymie%2Ffiche.aspx%3FidFiche%3D278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas-Ignace+de+Beaubois" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas-Ignace_de_Beaubois&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Neill1966" class="citation book cs1">O'Neill, Charles Edwards (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/churchstateinfre00onei_0"><i>Church and state in French colonial Louisiana; policy and politics to 1732</i></a>. New Haven, Yale University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Church+and+state+in+French+colonial+Louisiana%3B+policy+and+politics+to+1732&rft.pub=New+Haven%2C+Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=Charles+Edwards&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchurchstateinfre00onei_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas-Ignace+de+Beaubois" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicolas-Ignace_de_Beaubois&oldid=1134421470">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicolas-Ignace_de_Beaubois&oldid=1134421470</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1689_births" title="Category:1689 births">1689 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1770_deaths" title="Category:1770 deaths">1770 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:18th-century_French_Jesuits" title="Category:18th-century French Jesuits">18th-century French Jesuits</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_Roman_Catholic_missionaries" title="Category:French Roman Catholic missionaries">French Roman Catholic missionaries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jesuit_missionaries_in_New_France" title="Category:Jesuit missionaries in New France">Jesuit missionaries in New France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Category:People from Orléans">People from Orléans</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 16:25<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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