Using the What-If Tool | AI Platform Prediction

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The What-If Tool integrates with TensorBoard, Jupyter notebooks, Colab notebooks, and JupyterHub. It is also pre-installed on <a href="/vertex-ai/docs/workbench/user-managed/create-new">Vertex AI Workbench user-managed notebooks TensorFlow instances</a>.</p> <p>This page explains how to use the What-If Tool with a trained model that is already deployed on AI Platform. Learn <a href="/ai-platform/prediction/docs/deploying-models">how to deploy models</a>.</p> <h2 id="install_the_what-if_tool" data-text="Install the What-If Tool" tabindex="-1">Install the What-If Tool</h2> <p>This shows how to install <a href="https://github.com/PAIR-code/what-if-tool/blob/master/witwidget/notebook/visualization.py"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">witwidget</code></a> in a variety of notebook environments:</p> <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="user-managed-notebooks" data-text=" User-managed notebooks " tabindex="-1"> <span class="two-line-tab">User-managed notebooks</span> </h3><p>The <code translate="no" dir="ltr">witwidget</code> is already installed in <a href="/vertex-ai/docs/workbench/user-managed">user-managed notebooks instances</a>.</p> <p>You can load the What-If Tool tutorials into your notebook instance by cloning the <a href="https://github.com/PAIR-code/what-if-tool">WIT tutorial repo</a> into your instance. See <a href="/vertex-ai/docs/workbench/user-managed/save-to-github#clone-a-repo">how to clone a GitHub repo into a user-managed notebooks instance</a>.</p></section> <section><h3 id="jupyter-notebook" data-text="Jupyter notebook" tabindex="-1">Jupyter notebook</h3><p>Install and enable WIT for Jupyter through the following commands:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">pip<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>install<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>witwidget jupyter<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>nbextension<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>install<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>--py<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>--symlink<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>--sys-prefix<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>witwidget jupyter<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>nbextension<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nb">enable</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>--py<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>--sys-prefix<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>witwidget </code></pre></devsite-code> <p>To use TensorFlow with GPU support (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">tensorflow-gpu</code>), install the GPU-compatible version of witwidget:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">pip<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>install<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>witwidget-gpu jupyter<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>nbextension<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>install<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>--py<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>--symlink<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>--sys-prefix<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>witwidget jupyter<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>nbextension<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nb">enable</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>--py<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>--sys-prefix<span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span>witwidget </code></pre></devsite-code> <p>You only need to run these installation commands once in your Jupyter environment. Subsequently, every time you bring up a Jupyter kernel, the What-If Tool will be available.</p></section> <section><h3 id="colab-notebook" data-text="Colab notebook" tabindex="-1">Colab notebook</h3><p>Install the widget into the runtime of the notebook kernel by running a cell containing:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Matlab"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-sx">!pip install witwidget</span> </code></pre></devsite-code> <p>To use TensorFlow with GPU support (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">tensorflow-gpu</code>), install the GPU-compatible version of witwidget:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Matlab"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-sx">!pip install witwidget-gpu</span> </code></pre></devsite-code></section> <section><h3 id="jupyterlab" data-text="JupyterLab" tabindex="-1">JupyterLab</h3><p>Follow these instructions for JupyterLab <em>outside of</em> user-managed notebooks.</p> <p>Install and enable WIT for JupyterLab by running a cell containing:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Matlab"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-sx">!pip install witwidget</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-sx">!jupyter labextension install wit-widget</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-sx">!jupyter labextension install @jupyter-widgets/jupyterlab-manager</span> </code></pre></devsite-code> <p>For TensorFlow GPU support, use the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">witwidget-gpu</code> package:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Matlab"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-sx">!pip install witwidget-gpu</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-sx">!jupyter labextension install wit-widget</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-sx">!jupyter labextension install @jupyter-widgets/jupyterlab-manager</span> </code></pre></devsite-code> <p>Note that you may need to run <code translate="no" dir="ltr">!sudo jupyter labextension ...</code> commands depending on your notebook setup.</p></section> </div> <h2 id="adjust_prediction_outputs_for_the_what-if_tool" data-text="Adjust prediction outputs for the What-If Tool" tabindex="-1">Adjust prediction outputs for the What-If Tool</h2> <p>For any models where the output doesn't match what the What-If Tool requires, you need to define a prediction adjustment function in your code.</p> <p>The What-If Tool requires the following input formats:</p> <ul> <li>Classification model: A list of class scores</li> <li>Regression model: A regression score</li> </ul> <p>For example, an XGBoost binary classification model returns scores only for the positive class. Because the What-If Tool expects scores for each class, you'd use the following prediction adjustment function to get a list with both the negative and positive scores:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-k">def</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-nf">adjust_prediction</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">pred</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">):</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-k">return</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-p">[</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">1</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">-</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">pred</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">pred</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">]</span> </code></pre></devsite-code> <p>Define the prediction adjustment function within a notebook code cell before you configure the What-If Tool.</p> <h2 id="configure_the_what-if_tool" data-text="Configure the What-If Tool" tabindex="-1">Configure the What-If Tool</h2> <p>You can use the What-If Tool to inspect one model, or to compare two models. In the <a href="https://github.com/PAIR-code/what-if-tool/blob/master/witwidget/notebook/visualization.py#L30"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">WitConfigBuilder</code></a>, fill in the appropriate values for your own Google Cloud project, your AI Platform Prediction model and version, and other values as appropriate for your model.</p> <ol> <li><p>Import <code translate="no" dir="ltr">witwidget</code>:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-kn">import</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-nn">witwidget</span> </code></pre></devsite-code></li> <li><p>Create a <a href="https://github.com/PAIR-code/what-if-tool/blob/master/witwidget/notebook/visualization.py#L30"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">WitConfigBuilder</code></a> to pass various parameters about your model and your AI Platform Prediction project to the What-If Tool. You can use the What-If Tool to inspect one model, or to compare two models. Fill in the appropriate values for your own Google Cloud project, your AI Platform Prediction model and version, and other values as appropriate for your model.</p> <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="inspect-a-model" data-text="Inspect a model" tabindex="-1">Inspect a model</h3><p>This config builder shows how to use the What-If Tool to inspect one model. See the <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/github/pair-code/what-if-tool/blob/master/xgboost_caip.ipynb">full example notebook with a deployed XGBoost model</a>.</p> <p>See the <a href="https://github.com/PAIR-code/what-if-tool/blob/master/witwidget/notebook/visualization.py#L30">code for the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">WitConfigBuilder</code></a> for more details on each method.</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">PROJECT_ID</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'YOUR_PROJECT_ID'</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">MODEL_NAME</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'YOUR_MODEL_NAME'</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">VERSION_NAME</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'YOUR_VERSION_NAME'</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">TARGET_FEATURE</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'mortgage_status'</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">LABEL_VOCAB</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-p">[</span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'denied'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'approved'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">]</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">config_builder</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">WitConfigBuilder</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">test_examples</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">tolist</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(),</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">features</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">columns</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">tolist</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">()</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">+</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-p">[</span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'mortgage_status'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">])</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">set_ai_platform_model</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">PROJECT_ID</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">MODEL_NAME</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">VERSION_NAME</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">adjust_prediction</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">adjust_prediction</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">set_target_feature</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">TARGET_FEATURE</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">set_label_vocab</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">LABEL_VOCAB</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">))</span> </code></pre></devsite-code></section> <section><h3 id="compare-models" data-text="Compare models" tabindex="-1">Compare models</h3><p>This config builder shows how to use the What-If Tool to inspect and compare two models. See the <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/github/pair-code/what-if-tool/blob/master/keras_sklearn_compare_caip_e2e.ipynb">full example notebook comparing deployed Keras and scikit-learn models</a>.</p> <p>See the <a href="https://github.com/PAIR-code/what-if-tool/blob/master/witwidget/notebook/visualization.py#L30">code for the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">WitConfigBuilder</code></a> for more details on each method.</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">PROJECT_ID</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'YOUR_PROJECT_ID'</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">KERAS_MODEL_NAME</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'YOUR_KERAS_MODEL_NAME'</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">KERAS_VERSION_NAME</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'VERSION_NAME_OF_YOUR_KERAS_MODEL'</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">SKLEARN_MODEL_NAME</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'YOUR_SKLEARN_MODEL_NAME'</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">SKLEARN_VERSION_NAME</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'VERSION_NAME_OF_YOUR_SKLEARN_MODEL'</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">TARGET_FEATURE</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'quality'</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">config_builder</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">WitConfigBuilder</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">test_examples</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">tolist</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(),</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">features</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">columns</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">tolist</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">()</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">+</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-p">[</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">TARGET_FEATURE</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">])</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">set_ai_platform_model</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">PROJECT_ID</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">KERAS_MODEL_NAME</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">KERAS_VERSION_NAME</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">set_predict_output_tensor</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'sequential'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">set_uses_predict_api</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-kc">True</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">set_target_feature</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">TARGET_FEATURE</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">set_model_type</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'regression'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">set_compare_ai_platform_model</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">PROJECT_ID</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">SKLEARN_MODEL_NAME</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">SKLEARN_VERSION_NAME</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">))</span> </code></pre></devsite-code></section> </div></li> <li><p>Pass the config builder to WitWidget, and set a display height. The What-If Tool displays as an interactive visualization within your notebook.</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">WitWidget</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">config_builder</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">height</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span><span class="devsite-syntax-mi">800</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span> </code></pre></devsite-code></li> </ol> <h2 id="whats_next" data-text="What's next" tabindex="-1">What's next</h2> <ul> <li>See the What-If Tool <a href="https://pair-code.github.io/what-if-tool/index.html#demos">demos</a> and <a href="https://pair-code.github.io/what-if-tool/walkthrough.html">walkthrough</a> to learn how to explore models.</li> <li>Learn how you can <a href="https://pair-code.github.io/what-if-tool/ai-fairness.html">use the What-If Tool to optimize for AI Fairness</a> in your model.</li> </ul> <devsite-hats-survey class="nocontent" hats-id="mwETRvWii0eU5NUYprb0Y9z5GVbc" listnr-id="83405"></devsite-hats-survey> </div> <devsite-thumb-rating position="footer"> </devsite-thumb-rating> <devsite-feedback position="footer" project-name="AI Platform Prediction" product-id="715616" bucket="Cloud Machine Learning Engine Docs" context="Cloud ML Engine feedback link" version="t-devsite-webserver-20241114-r00-rc02.464922260396498922" data-label="Send Feedback Button" track-type="feedback" track-name="sendFeedbackLink" track-metadata-position="footer" class="nocontent" project-icon="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/cloud/images/favicons/onecloud/super_cloud.png" project-support-url="https://cloud.google.com/ai-platform/training/docs/getting-support" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-content-footer class="nocontent"> <p>Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License</a>, and code samples are licensed under the <a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache 2.0 License</a>. 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