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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Purpose" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Purpose"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Purpose</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Purpose-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Formula</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Formula-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Formula subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Formula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Basic_runs_created" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basic_runs_created"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Basic runs created</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basic_runs_created-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Stolen_base"_version_of_runs_created" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Stolen_base"_version_of_runs_created"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>"Stolen base" version of runs created</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Stolen_base"_version_of_runs_created-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Technical"_version_of_runs_created" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Technical"_version_of_runs_created"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>"Technical" version of runs created</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Technical"_version_of_runs_created-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2002_version_of_runs_created" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2002_version_of_runs_created"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>2002 version of runs created</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2002_version_of_runs_created-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_expressions_of_runs_created" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_expressions_of_runs_created"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Other expressions of runs created</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_expressions_of_runs_created-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Another_Version" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Another_Version"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>Another Version</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Another_Version-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weighted_runs_created_plus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weighted_runs_created_plus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.2</span> <span>Weighted runs created plus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weighted_runs_created_plus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Runs_created_as_a_rate_stat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Runs_created_as_a_rate_stat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.3</span> <span>Runs created as a rate stat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Runs_created_as_a_rate_stat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accuracy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accuracy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Accuracy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accuracy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Related statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" 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style="display:none">Baseball statistic</div> <p><b>Runs created (RC)</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Baseball_statistics" title="Baseball statistics">baseball statistic</a> invented by <a href="/wiki/Bill_James" title="Bill James">Bill James</a> to estimate the number of runs a hitter contributes to their team. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose">Purpose</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Purpose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> James explains in his book, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bill_James_Historical_Baseball_Abstract" title="The Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract">The Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract</a></i>, why he believes runs created is an essential thing to measure:</p><blockquote><p>With regard to an offensive player, the first key question is how many <i>runs</i> have resulted from what he has done with the bat and on the basepaths. <a href="/wiki/Willie_McCovey" title="Willie McCovey">Willie McCovey</a> hit .270 in his career, with 353 doubles, 46 triples, 521 home runs and 1,345 walks -- but his job was not to hit doubles, nor to hit singles, nor to hit triples, nor to draw walks or even hit home runs, but rather to put runs on the scoreboard. How many runs resulted from all of these things?<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Runs created attempts to answer this bedrock question. The conceptual framework of the "runs created" stat is: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RC={\frac {A\;\times \;B}{C}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mspace width="thickmathspace" /> <mo>×</mo> <mspace width="thickmathspace" /> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> <mi>C</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RC={\frac {A\;\times \;B}{C}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7336385454681537d61cdf6a8bb2a21b4af9b01f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:15.103ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RC={\frac {A\;\times \;B}{C}}}"></span> </p><p>where </p> <ul><li>A = On-base factor</li> <li>B = Advancement factor</li> <li>C = Opportunity factor</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formula">Formula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Formula"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basic_runs_created">Basic runs created</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Basic runs created"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the most basic runs created formula: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB)\times TB}{AB+BB}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>×</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB)\times TB}{AB+BB}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3f12d058bc4826eccb4076f81684fdee9eb4d6b3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:23.947ex; height:6.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB)\times TB}{AB+BB}}}"></span> </p><p>where H is <a href="/wiki/Hit_(baseball)" title="Hit (baseball)">hits</a>, BB is <a href="/wiki/Base_on_balls" title="Base on balls">base on balls</a>, TB is <a href="/wiki/Total_bases" title="Total bases">total bases</a> and AB is <a href="/wiki/At_bat" title="At bat">at-bats</a>. </p><p>This can also be expressed as </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RC=OBP\times SLG\times AB}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>O</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mi>G</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RC=OBP\times SLG\times AB}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f7f2cfd8ac147bac5b5a0051920070872395092d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:26.008ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RC=OBP\times SLG\times AB}"></span> </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RC=OBP\times TB}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>O</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RC=OBP\times TB}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b1a12019e58daf3cd389d5ebd4a94df9b03a7554" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:18.152ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RC=OBP\times TB}"></span> </p><p>where OBP is <a href="/wiki/On-base_percentage" title="On-base percentage">on-base percentage</a>, SLG is <a href="/wiki/Slugging_average" class="mw-redirect" title="Slugging average">slugging average</a>, AB is <a href="/wiki/At_bat" title="At bat">at-bats</a> and TB is <a href="/wiki/Total_bases" title="Total bases">total bases</a>, however OBP includes the <a href="/wiki/Hit-by-pitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Hit-by-pitch">hit-by-pitch</a> while the previous RC formula does not. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Stolen_base"_version_of_runs_created"><span id=".22Stolen_base.22_version_of_runs_created"></span>"Stolen base" version of runs created</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: "Stolen base" version of runs created"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This formula expands on the basic formula by accounting for a player's basestealing ability. </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB-CS)\times (TB+(.55\times SB))}{AB+BB}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>×</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>.55</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB-CS)\times (TB+(.55\times SB))}{AB+BB}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/27bf20b43b671b494d751a1addcbd10a9e1dd40a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:45.587ex; height:6.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB-CS)\times (TB+(.55\times SB))}{AB+BB}}}"></span> </p><p>where H is <a href="/wiki/Hit_(baseball)" title="Hit (baseball)">hits</a>, BB is <a href="/wiki/Base_on_balls" title="Base on balls">base on balls</a>, CS is <a href="/wiki/Caught_stealing" title="Caught stealing">caught stealing</a>, TB is <a href="/wiki/Total_bases" title="Total bases">total bases</a>, SB is <a href="/wiki/Stolen_base" title="Stolen base">stolen bases</a>, and AB is <a href="/wiki/At_bat" title="At bat">at bats</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Technical"_version_of_runs_created"><span id=".22Technical.22_version_of_runs_created"></span>"Technical" version of runs created</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: "Technical" version of runs created"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This formula accounts for all basic, easily available offensive statistics. </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB-CS+HBP-GIDP)\times (TB+(.26\times (BB-IBB+HBP))+(.52\times (SH+SF+SB)))}{AB+BB+HBP+SH+SF}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mi>I</mi> <mi>D</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>×</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>.26</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>.52</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB-CS+HBP-GIDP)\times (TB+(.26\times (BB-IBB+HBP))+(.52\times (SH+SF+SB)))}{AB+BB+HBP+SH+SF}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2e68f338b625e1cbbe92d361cfbb7b9d80cdaca4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:109.555ex; height:6.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RC={\frac {(H+BB-CS+HBP-GIDP)\times (TB+(.26\times (BB-IBB+HBP))+(.52\times (SH+SF+SB)))}{AB+BB+HBP+SH+SF}}}"></span> </p><p>where H is <a href="/wiki/Hit_(baseball)" title="Hit (baseball)">hits</a>, BB is <a href="/wiki/Base_on_balls" title="Base on balls">base on balls</a>, CS is <a href="/wiki/Caught_stealing" title="Caught stealing">caught stealing</a>, HBP is <a href="/wiki/Hit_by_pitch" title="Hit by pitch">hit by pitch</a>, GIDP is <a href="/wiki/Grounded_into_double_play" class="mw-redirect" title="Grounded into double play">grounded into double play</a>, TB is <a href="/wiki/Total_bases" title="Total bases">total bases</a>, IBB is <a href="/wiki/Intentional_base_on_balls" title="Intentional base on balls">intentional base on balls</a>, SH is <a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_hit" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacrifice hit">sacrifice hit</a>, SF is <a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_fly" title="Sacrifice fly">sacrifice fly</a>, SB is <a href="/wiki/Stolen_base" title="Stolen base">stolen base</a>, and AB is <a href="/wiki/At_bat" title="At bat">at bats</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2002_version_of_runs_created">2002 version of runs created</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2002 version of runs created"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Earlier versions of runs created overestimated the number of runs created by players with extremely high A and B factors (on-base and slugging), such as <a href="/wiki/Babe_Ruth" title="Babe Ruth">Babe Ruth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ted_Williams" title="Ted Williams">Ted Williams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barry_Bonds" title="Barry Bonds">Barry Bonds</a>. This is because these formulas placed a player in an offensive context of players equal to himself; it is as if the player is assumed to be on base for himself when he hits home runs. Of course, this is impossible, and in reality, a great player is interacting with offensive players whose contributions are inferior to his. The 2002 version corrects this by placing the player in the context of his real-life team. This 2002 version also takes into account performance in "clutch" situations. </p> <dl><dd>A: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle H+BB-CS+HBP-GIDP}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mi>I</mi> <mi>D</mi> <mi>P</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle H+BB-CS+HBP-GIDP}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e2781d87cf24eb5ee404092cc7bbb30d5300fe88" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:32.46ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle H+BB-CS+HBP-GIDP}"></span></dd> <dd>B: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (1.125\times {\mathit {1B}})+(1.69\times {\mathit {2B}})+(3.02\times {\mathit {3B}})+(3.73\times HR)+.29\times (BB-IBB+HBP)+.492\times (SH+SF+SB)-(.04\times K)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1.125</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn class="MJX-tex-mathit" mathvariant="italic">1</mn> <mi class="MJX-tex-mathit" mathvariant="italic">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1.69</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn class="MJX-tex-mathit" mathvariant="italic">2</mn> <mi class="MJX-tex-mathit" mathvariant="italic">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3.02</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn class="MJX-tex-mathit" mathvariant="italic">3</mn> <mi class="MJX-tex-mathit" mathvariant="italic">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3.73</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>.29</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>.492</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>.04</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mi>K</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (1.125\times {\mathit {1B}})+(1.69\times {\mathit {2B}})+(3.02\times {\mathit {3B}})+(3.73\times HR)+.29\times (BB-IBB+HBP)+.492\times (SH+SF+SB)-(.04\times K)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f089f9668cdead506765f267988f50cd15b00e44" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:126.962ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (1.125\times {\mathit {1B}})+(1.69\times {\mathit {2B}})+(3.02\times {\mathit {3B}})+(3.73\times HR)+.29\times (BB-IBB+HBP)+.492\times (SH+SF+SB)-(.04\times K)}"></span></dd> <dd>C: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle AB+BB+HBP+SH+SF}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>F</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle AB+BB+HBP+SH+SF}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4c3dfc082d81a5a7559cc39e64209488c76ec7a6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:30.773ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle AB+BB+HBP+SH+SF}"></span></dd></dl> <p>where K is <a href="/wiki/Strikeout" title="Strikeout">strikeout</a>. </p><p>The initial individual runs created estimate is then: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle RC=\left({\frac {(2.4C+A)\;(3C+B)}{9C}}\right)-.9C}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2.4</mn> <mi>C</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mspace width="thickmathspace" /> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mi>C</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>9</mn> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mn>.9</mn> <mi>C</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle RC=\left({\frac {(2.4C+A)\;(3C+B)}{9C}}\right)-.9C}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/13eedee9d1e4c599c2eddab4b21412c0fc84d0d8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:38.421ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle RC=\left({\frac {(2.4C+A)\;(3C+B)}{9C}}\right)-.9C}"></span> </p><p>If situational hitting information is available, the following should be added to the above total: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle H_{RISP}-(AB_{RISP}\times BA)+HR_{ROB}-{\frac {AB_{ROB}\times HR}{AB}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>I</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>A</mi> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>I</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>×</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>H</mi> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>O</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>O</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>×</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle H_{RISP}-(AB_{RISP}\times BA)+HR_{ROB}-{\frac {AB_{ROB}\times HR}{AB}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e09dbe1b89750e597044cc14ff8468d298e53bdc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:54.122ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle H_{RISP}-(AB_{RISP}\times BA)+HR_{ROB}-{\frac {AB_{ROB}\times HR}{AB}}}"></span> </p><p>where RISP is <a href="/wiki/Baserunning" class="mw-redirect" title="Baserunning">runners in scoring position</a>, BA is <a href="/wiki/Batting_average_(baseball)" title="Batting average (baseball)">batting average</a>, HR is <a href="/wiki/Home_run" title="Home run">home run</a>, and ROB is runners on base. The subscripts indicate the required condition for the formula. For example, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle H_{RISP}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>R</mi> <mi>I</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle H_{RISP}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/052bf03f3321f82cd388110d349b7d7d63d3427d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:6.534ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle H_{RISP}}"></span> means "hits while runners are in scoring position." </p><p>This is then figured for every member of the team, and an estimate of total team runs scored is added up. The actual total of team runs scored is then divided by the estimated total team runs scored, yielding a ratio of real to estimated team runs scored. The above individual runs created estimate is then multiplied by this ratio, to yield a runs created estimate for the individual.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_expressions_of_runs_created">Other expressions of runs created</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other expressions of runs created"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Another_Version">Another Version</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Another Version"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another, simpler, way to calculate runs created is to add runs to runs batted in (RBI) subtracted by home runs. The reason for this when you hit a home run, you earn a run, because you scored a run, and an RBI, because you batted yourself in. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Weighted_runs_created_plus">Weighted runs created plus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Weighted runs created plus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b> with: A formula for wRC+. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Weighted runs created plus (wRC+) takes runs created and adjusts it to account for ballpark factors and the era a player played in.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Runs_created_as_a_rate_stat">Runs created as a rate stat</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Runs created as a rate stat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The same information provided by runs created can be expressed as a rate stat, rather than a raw number of runs contributed. This is usually expressed as runs created per some number of outs, e.g. <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {RC}{27}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> <mn>27</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {RC}{27}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ede9ba23f2d4ee33eb03d4f13659ebaad1afde9f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:4.366ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {RC}{27}}}"></span> (27 being the number of <a href="/wiki/Out_(baseball)" title="Out (baseball)">outs</a> per team in a standard 9-<a href="/wiki/Inning" title="Inning">inning</a> baseball game). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accuracy">Accuracy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Accuracy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Runs created is believed to be an accurate measure of an individual's offensive contribution because when used on whole teams, the formula normally closely approximates how many runs the team actually scores. Even the basic version of runs created usually predicts a team's run total within a 5% margin of error.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other, more advanced versions are even more accurate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_statistics">Related statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Related statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Win_shares" class="mw-redirect" title="Win shares">Win Shares</a> is James' attempt to summarize, in one stat, a player's contributions on both offense and defense.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sabermetrics" title="Sabermetrics">Sabermetrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Base_Runs" class="mw-redirect" title="Base Runs">Base Runs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrapolated_Runs" title="Extrapolated Runs">Extrapolated Runs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runs_produced" title="Runs produced">Runs produced</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James, Bill (1985). <i>The Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract</i> (1st ed.), pp. 273-4. Villard. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-53713-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-53713-0">0-394-53713-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James, Bill and Baseball Info Solutions (2007). <i>The Bill James Handbook 2008</i>, pp. 475-7. ACTA Sports. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87946-340-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87946-340-3">978-0-87946-340-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/glossary/advanced-stats/weighted-runs-created-plus">Weighted Runs Created Plus (wRC+)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James, Bill (2002). <i>Win Shares</i>, p. 90. STATS, Inc. Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-931584-03-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-931584-03-6">1-931584-03-6</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_created&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://baseball-reference.com/leaders/RC_career.shtml">Career leaders in Runs Created</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://baseball-reference.com/leaders/RC_season.shtml">Single-season leaders in Runs Created</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://baseball-reference.com/leaders/RC_active.shtml">Runs Created leaders among active players</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://baseball-reference.com/leaders/RC_leagues.shtml">Year-by-year leaders in Runs Created</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Baseball_statistics" title="Template:Baseball statistics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Baseball_statistics" title="Template talk:Baseball statistics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Baseball_statistics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Baseball statistics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Baseball_statistics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Baseball_statistics" title="Baseball statistics">Baseball statistics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Batting_(baseball)" title="Batting (baseball)">Batting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batting_average_(baseball)" title="Batting average (baseball)">Batting average</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-base_percentage" title="On-base percentage">On-base percentage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slugging_percentage" title="Slugging percentage">Slugging percentage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit_(baseball)" title="Hit (baseball)">Hit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single_(baseball)" title="Single (baseball)">Single</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_(baseball)" title="Double (baseball)">Double</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_(baseball)" title="Triple (baseball)">Triple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_run" title="Home run">Home run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extra-base_hit" title="Extra-base hit">Extra-base hit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hits_per_run" title="Hits per run">Hits per run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_slam_(baseball)" title="Grand slam (baseball)">Grand slam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_bases" title="Total bases">Total bases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Run_batted_in" title="Run batted in">RBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game-winning_RBI" title="Game-winning RBI">Game-winning RBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Base_on_balls" title="Base on balls">Walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunt_(baseball)" title="Bunt (baseball)">Bunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_bunt" title="Sacrifice bunt">Sacrifice bunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_fly" title="Sacrifice fly">Sacrifice fly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-base_plus_slugging" title="On-base plus slugging">On-base plus slugging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_on_base" title="Times on base">Times on base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walk-to-strikeout_ratio" title="Walk-to-strikeout ratio">Walk-to-strikeout ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walk_percentage" title="Walk percentage">Walk percentage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Base_running" title="Base running">Base running</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Run_(baseball)" title="Run (baseball)">Run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_base" title="Stolen base">Stolen base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_base_percentage" title="Stolen base percentage">Stolen base percentage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caught_stealing" title="Caught stealing">Caught stealing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pitching_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitching (baseball)">Pitching</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Win%E2%80%93loss_record_(pitching)" title="Win–loss record (pitching)">Win–loss record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innings_pitched" title="Innings pitched">Innings pitched</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Win%E2%80%93loss_record_(pitching)" title="Win–loss record (pitching)">Pitchers of record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Save_(baseball)" title="Save (baseball)">Save</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hold_(baseball)" title="Hold (baseball)">Hold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Run_(baseball)" title="Run (baseball)">Run</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earned_run" title="Earned run">Earned</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earned_run_average" title="Earned run average">ERA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strikeout" title="Strikeout">Strikeout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Base_on_balls" title="Base on balls">Walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfect_game_(baseball)" title="Perfect game (baseball)">Perfect game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-hitter" title="No-hitter">No-hitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walks_plus_hits_per_inning_pitched" title="Walks plus hits per inning pitched">WHIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bases_on_balls_per_nine_innings_pitched" title="Bases on balls per nine innings pitched">BB/9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strikeouts_per_nine_innings_pitched" title="Strikeouts per nine innings pitched">K/9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quality_start" title="Quality start">Quality start</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complete_game" title="Complete game">Complete game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shutouts_in_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Shutouts in baseball">Shutout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_pitch" title="Wild pitch">Wild pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strikeout-to-walk_ratio" title="Strikeout-to-walk ratio">Strikeout-to-walk ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maddux_(statistic)" title="Maddux (statistic)">Maddux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baseball_positions" title="Baseball positions">Fielding</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fielding_percentage" title="Fielding percentage">Fielding percentage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assist_(baseball)" title="Assist (baseball)">Assist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putout" title="Putout">Putout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Error_(baseball)" title="Error (baseball)">Error</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_chances" title="Total chances">Total chances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fielder%27s_choice" title="Fielder's choice">Fielder's choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defensive_indifference" class="mw-redirect" title="Defensive indifference">Defensive indifference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passed_ball" title="Passed ball">Passed ball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sabermetrics" title="Sabermetrics">Sabermetrics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjusted_ERA%2B" title="Adjusted ERA+">Adjusted ERA+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Base_runs" title="Base runs">Base runs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_average_on_balls_in_play" title="Batting average on balls in play">Batting average on balls in play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batting_park_factor" title="Batting park factor">Batting park factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catcher%27s_ERA" title="Catcher's ERA">Catcher's ERA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defensive_Runs_Saved" title="Defensive Runs Saved">Defensive Runs Saved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exit_velocity" title="Exit velocity">Exit velocity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrapolated_Runs" title="Extrapolated Runs">Extrapolated Runs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fielding_independent_pitching" title="Fielding independent pitching">Fielding independent pitching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_score" title="Game score">Game score</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolated_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Isolated Power">Isolated Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffe_Wins_Above_Replacement_Score" title="Jaffe Wins Above Replacement Score">Jaffe Wins Above Replacement Score</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_time" title="Pop time">Pop time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power%E2%80%93speed_number" title="Power–speed number">Power–speed number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Range_factor" title="Range factor">Range factor</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Runs created</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runs_produced" title="Runs produced">Runs produced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_average" title="Secondary average">Secondary average</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_Score" title="Speed Score">Speed Score</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NERD_(sabermetrics)" title="NERD (sabermetrics)">NERD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out_of_zone_plays_made" title="Out of zone plays made">Out of zone plays made</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultimate_zone_rating" title="Ultimate zone rating">Ultimate zone rating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Value_over_replacement_player" title="Value over replacement player">Value over replacement player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOBA" title="WOBA">Weighted on-base average</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wins_Above_Replacement" title="Wins Above Replacement">Wins Above Replacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Win_probability_added" title="Win probability added">Win probability added</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Win_Shares" title="Win Shares">Win Shares</a></li></ul> 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