Palladium: The mineralogy of Palladium

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var hpicdesc = new Array(); var hpicid = new Array(); var hpicnt = 0; hpicarr.push("09240940014446853998781.jpg"); hpicdesc.push("Palladium crystal"); hpicid.push("710698");hpicarr.push("08530560014446854643336.jpg"); hpicdesc.push("Tiny palladium crystals"); hpicid.push("710699");hpicarr.push("04446730014453763074338.jpg"); hpicdesc.push("Palladium(II) oxide"); hpicid.push("712265");hpicarr.push("06169260014453764369551.jpg"); hpicdesc.push("Soviet palladium coin"); hpicid.push("712266");hpicarr.push("02533250014453764961506.jpg"); hpicdesc.push("A palladium-plated belt buckle"); hpicid.push("712267"); function hpnext() { $("#elepic_"+hpicnt).fadeOut(400); hpicnt++; if(hpicnt==5) hpicnt=0; $("#elepic_"+hpicnt).fadeIn(400); $("#elephotodesc").html(hpicdesc[hpicnt]); $("#elephotoblock a").attr('href','/photo-'+hpicid[hpicnt]+'.html'); } function hpprev() { $("#elepic_"+hpicnt).fadeOut(400); hpicnt--; if(hpicnt<0) hpicnt=4; $("#elepic_"+hpicnt).fadeIn(400); $("#elephotodesc").html(hpicdesc[hpicnt]); $("#elephotoblock a").attr('href','/photo-'+hpicid[hpicnt]+'.html'); } </script><table class="mindattable ele50"><tr><th class="eleh2" colspan="3">Photos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><div id="elephotoblock"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-710698.html"><img id="elepic_0" style="display: block;" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/element_head_09240940014446853998781.jpg" alt=""/><img id="elepic_1" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/element_head_08530560014446854643336.jpg" alt=""/><img id="elepic_2" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/element_head_04446730014453763074338.jpg" alt=""/><img id="elepic_3" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/element_head_06169260014453764369551.jpg" alt=""/><img id="elepic_4" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/element_head_02533250014453764961506.jpg" alt=""/></a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="hpicbutton"><span onclick="hpprev();"><</td><td><div id="elephotodesc">Palladium crystal</div></td><td class="hpicbutton"><span onclick="hpnext();">></span></td></tr></table><table class="mindattable ele50 th2"><tr><th colspan="2" class="eleh2">Atomic Properties</th></tr><tr><th>Electronegativity (Pauling scale):</th><td>2.2</td></tr><tr><th>Atomic Radius:</th><td>169 pm</td></tr><tr><th>Ionic Radius:</th><td>59 pm (+1)</td></tr><tr><th>Van der Waals Radius:</th><td>163 pm</td></tr><tr><th>1st Ionization energy:</th><td>804 kJ/mol</td></tr><tr><th>1st Electron affinity:</th><td>-54 kJ/mol</td></tr><tr><th>Oxidation States:</th><td>2,4</td></tr></table><table class="mindattable ele50 th2"><tr><th colspan="2" class="eleh2">Physical Properties</th></tr><tr><th>Standard State:</th><td>solid</td></tr><tr><th>Bonding Type:</th><td>metallic</td></tr><tr><th>Melting Point:</th><td>1828 K</td></tr><tr><th>Boiling Point:</th><td>3236 K</td></tr><tr><th>Density:</th><td>12.02 g/cm<sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><th>Metal/Non-Metal:</th><td>transition metal</td></tr></table><table class="mindattable ele50"><tr><th class="eleh2" colspan="5">Main isotopes of Palladium</th></tr><tr><th>Isotope</th><th>% in Nature</th><th>Half Life</th><th>Decay type</th><th>Decay product</th></tr><tr><td rowspan="1"><sup>100</sup>Pd</td><td rowspan="1">synthetic</td><td rowspan="1">3.63d</td><td>ε</td><td><sup>100</sup><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Rhodium">Rh</a></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1"><sup>102</sup>Pd</td><td rowspan="1">1.02%</td><td rowspan="1">-</td><td><i>β+β+</i> ?</td><td><sup>102</sup><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Ruthenium">Ru</a></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1"><sup>103</sup>Pd</td><td rowspan="1">synthetic</td><td rowspan="1">16.991d</td><td>ε</td><td><sup>103</sup><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Rhodium">Rh</a></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1"><sup>104</sup>Pd</td><td rowspan="1">11.14%</td><td rowspan="1">-</td><td><i>Spontaneous fission</i> ?</td><td></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1"><sup>105</sup>Pd</td><td rowspan="1">22.33%</td><td rowspan="1">-</td><td><i>Spontaneous fission</i> ?</td><td></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1"><sup>106</sup>Pd</td><td rowspan="1">27.33%</td><td rowspan="1">-</td><td><i>Spontaneous fission</i> ?</td><td></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1"><sup>107</sup>Pd</td><td rowspan="1">trace</td><td rowspan="1">6.5x10<sup>6</sup>y</td><td>β−</td><td><sup>107</sup><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Silver">Ag</a></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1"><sup>108</sup>Pd</td><td rowspan="1">26.46%</td><td rowspan="1">-</td><td><i>Spontaneous fission</i> ?</td><td></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1"><sup>110</sup>Pd</td><td rowspan="1">11.72%</td><td rowspan="1">>6x10<sup>17</sup>y</td><td>β-β-</td><td><sup>110</sup><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Cadmium">Cd</a></td></tr></table><table class="mindattable ele50"><tr><th class="eleh2" colspan="5">Main ions of Palladium</th></tr><tr><th>Name</th><th>Ion</th><th>Example minerals</th></tr><tr><td>palladium(II)</td><td><span class="newformula">Pd<sub class="newformsub newformabs"></sub><sup class="newformsup">2+</sup></span></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>hexachloropalladate(IV)</td><td><span class="newformula">[PdCl<sub class="newformsub">6</sub>]<sub class="newformsub newformabs"></sub><sup class="newformsup">2-</sup></span></td><td></td></tr></table><table class="mindattable ele50 th2"><tr><th colspan="2" class="eleh2">Other Information</th></tr><tr><th>Year Discovered:</th><td>1803</td></tr><tr><th>Discovered By:</th><td><div class="userbigpicture " style="margin: auto; width: 245px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-712269.html"><img width="245" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/245-04132530014453765363157.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b>William Hyde Wollaston</b></div></div></td></tr><tr><th>Year Isolated:</th><td>1803</td></tr><tr><th>Isolated By:</th><td>William Hyde Wollaston</td></tr><tr><th>Named For:</th><td>after asteroid Pallas</td></tr><tr><th>External Links:</th><td><a target="_blank" style="display: block" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/click.php?enc=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvUGFsbGFkaXVt">Wikipedia</a><a target="_blank" style="display: block" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/click.php?enc=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2ViZWxlbWVudHMuY29tL3BhbGxhZGl1bS8%3D">WebElements</a><a target="_blank" style="display: block" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/click.php?enc=aHR0cDovL3BlcmlvZGljLmxhbmwuZ292LzQ2LnNodG1s">Los Alamos National Laboratory</a><a target="_blank" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/click.php?enc=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5wZXJpb2RpY3RhYmxlLmNvbS9FbGVtZW50cy8wNDYvaW5kZXguaHRtbA%3D%3D">Theodore Gray's PeriodicTable.com</a></td></tr></table><table class="mindattable ele50" id="elementabundance"><tr> <th colspan="5" class="eleh2">Simple Compounds and Mineral Names</th></tr><tr><th class="hidephone" rowspan="2">Sulfides</th><td>palladium sulphide</td><td><span>PdS</span></td><td>+2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>palladium disulphide</td><td><span>PdS<sub>2</sub></span></td><td>+4</td><td></td></tr><tr><th class="hidephone" rowspan="2">Selenides</th><td>palladium selenide</td><td><span>PdSe</span></td><td>+2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>palladium diselenide</td><td><span>PdSe<sub>2</sub></span></td><td>+4</td><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-25640.html">Verbeekite</a></td></tr><tr><th class="hidephone" rowspan="2">Tellurides</th><td>palladium telluride</td><td><span>PdTe</span></td><td>+2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>palladium ditelluride</td><td><span>PdTe<sub>2</sub></span></td><td>+4</td><td></td></tr><tr><th class="hidephone" rowspan="2">Fluorides</th><td>palladium difluoride</td><td><span>PdF<sub>2</sub></span></td><td>+2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>palladium tetrafluoride</td><td><span>PdF<sub>4</sub></span></td><td>+4</td><td></td></tr><tr><th class="hidephone" rowspan="1">Chlorides</th><td>palladium dichloride</td><td><span>PdCl<sub>2</sub></span></td><td>+2</td><td></td></tr><tr><th class="hidephone" rowspan="1">Iodides</th><td>palladium diiodide</td><td><span>PdI<sub>2</sub></span></td><td>+2</td><td></td></tr><tr><th class="hidephone" rowspan="2">Oxides</th><td>palladium oxide</td><td><span>PdO</span></td><td>+2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>palladium dioxide</td><td><span>PdO<sub>2</sub></span></td><td>+4</td><td></td></tr><table class="mindattable ele50 th2"><tr><th colspan="2" class="eleh2">Mineral Diversity of Palladium</th><tr><tr><th>1. Elements </th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Pd%2C&exc=&ima=0&essential=0&class=1&sub=Search+for+Minerals">11 valid mineral species</a></td></tr><tr><th>2. Sulfides And Sulfosalts </th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Pd%2C&exc=&ima=0&essential=0&class=2&sub=Search+for+Minerals">43 valid mineral species</a></td></tr><tr><th>4. Oxides </th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Pd%2C&exc=&ima=0&essential=0&class=4&sub=Search+for+Minerals">1 valid mineral species</a></td></tr><tr><th>Total:</th><td><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Pd%2C&exc=&ima=0&essential=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals">55 valid species containing essential Palladium</a></b></td></tr></table><table class="mindattable ele50"><tr><th colspan="2" class="eleh2">Geochemistry of Palladium</th></tr><tr><th>Goldschmidt classification:</th><td>Siderophile</td></tr></table><table class="mindattable ele50" id="elementabundance"><tr><th colspan="3" class="eleh2">Elemental Abundance for Palladium</th></tr><tr><th>Crust (CRC Handbook)</th><td>1.5 x 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td>mass fraction, kg/kg</td></tr><tr><th>Crust (Kaye & Laby)</th><td>3 x 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td>mass fraction, kg/kg</td></tr><tr><th>Crust (Greenwood)</th><td>1.5 x 10<sup>-8</sup></td><td>mass fraction, kg/kg</td></tr><tr><th>Crust (Ahrens/Taylor)</th><td>1.0 x 10<sup>-9</sup></td><td>mass fraction, kg/kg</td></tr><tr><th>Upper Crust (Ahrens/Taylor)</th><td>5 x 10<sup>-10</sup></td><td>mass fraction, kg/kg</td></tr><tr><th>The Sun (Kaye & Laby)</th><td>1.4 x 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td>atom mole fraction relative to Si=1</td></tr><tr><th>Solar System (Kaye & Laby)</th><td>1.4 x 10<sup>-6</sup></td><td>atom mole fraction relative to Si=1</td></tr><tr><th>Solar System (Ahrens)</th><td>1.39 x 10<sup>-6 </sup> (6.6%)</td><td>atom mole fraction relative to Si=1 (% uncertainty)</td></tr></table><script src="/web/20161026033239js_/http://www.mindat.org/js/sorttable.js"></script><div class="nosplitme"><table class="mindattable ele50 th2"><tr><th colspan="4" class="eleh2">Element association of Palladium in the Mineral World</th><tr><tr><td colspan="4">This table compares the known valid mineral species listed listed with Palladium and the other elements listed based on the official IMA formula. <b>Note that unlike other sections on this page this includes non-essential elements.</b><br><br>The first data column contains the total number of minerals listed with Palladium and the element listed for that row.<br><br>The second data column lists this number as a percentage of all minerals listed with Palladium. <br><br>The final data column compares this percentage against the percentage of all minerals that contain the element listed in each row.<br><br><b>Click on a heading to sort.</b></td></tr></table><table style="margin-top: -5px;" class="mindattable ele50 th2 sortable"><tr><th>Element</th><th class="sorttable_numeric">Valid Minerals listed with element and Palladium</th><th class="sorttable_numeric">% of Pd minerals</th><th class="sorttable_numeric">Relative to % in all minerals</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Tellurium">Tellurium</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Te%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="18">18 minerals with Pd and Te</a></td><td style="background-color: #fff4bf" sorttable_customkey="25">25.00%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="7951">695.12% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Arsenic">Arsenic</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=As%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="18">18 minerals with Pd and As</a></td><td style="background-color: #fff4bf" sorttable_customkey="25">25.00%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="2123">112.38% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Platinum">Platinum</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Pt%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="12">12 minerals with Pd and Pt</a></td><td style="background-color: #fff8d5" sorttable_customkey="16.6666666667">16.67%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="18898">1,789.86% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Bismuth">Bismuth</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Bi%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="12">12 minerals with Pd and Bi</a></td><td style="background-color: #fff8d5" sorttable_customkey="16.6666666667">16.67%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="3951">295.15% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Copper">Copper</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Cu%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="12">12 minerals with Pd and Cu</a></td><td style="background-color: #fff8d5" sorttable_customkey="16.6666666667">16.67%</td><td style="background-color: #e2ffe2" sorttable_customkey="1287">28.79% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Antimony">Antimony</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Sb%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="11">11 minerals with Pd and Sb</a></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d8" sorttable_customkey="15.2777777778">15.28%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="3018">201.85% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Tin">Tin</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Sn%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="11">11 minerals with Pd and Sn</a></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d8" sorttable_customkey="15.2777777778">15.28%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="8049">704.94% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Selenium">Selenium</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Se%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="10">10 minerals with Pd and Se</a></td><td style="background-color: #fff9dc" sorttable_customkey="13.8888888889">13.89%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="5749">474.96% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Sulfur">Sulfur</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=S%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="8">8 minerals with Pd and S</a></td><td style="background-color: #fffae3" sorttable_customkey="11.1111111111">11.11%</td><td style="background-color: #ffd2d2" sorttable_customkey="550">44.96% lower</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Lead">Lead</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Pb%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="8">8 minerals with Pd and Pb</a></td><td style="background-color: #fffae3" sorttable_customkey="11.1111111111">11.11%</td><td style="background-color: #f2fff2" sorttable_customkey="1123">12.32% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Silver">Silver</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Ag%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="6">6 minerals with Pd and Ag</a></td><td style="background-color: #fffbea" sorttable_customkey="8.33333333333">8.33%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="2428">142.83% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Nickel">Nickel</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Ni%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="5">5 minerals with Pd and Ni</a></td><td style="background-color: #fffced" sorttable_customkey="6.94444444444">6.94%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="2069">106.98% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Rhodium">Rhodium</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Rh%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="4">4 minerals with Pd and Rh</a></td><td style="background-color: #fffdf1" sorttable_customkey="5.55555555556">5.56%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="15251">1,425.15% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Mercury">Mercury</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Hg%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="4">4 minerals with Pd and Hg</a></td><td style="background-color: #fffdf1" sorttable_customkey="5.55555555556">5.56%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="3115">211.59% higher</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Zinc">Zinc</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Zn%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="1">1 mineral with Pd and Zn</a></td><td style="background-color: #fffefb" sorttable_customkey="1.38888888889">1.39%</td><td style="background-color: #ffb4b4" sorttable_customkey="251">74.85% lower</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Silicon">Silicon</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Si%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="1">1 mineral with Pd and Si</a></td><td style="background-color: #fffefb" sorttable_customkey="1.38888888889">1.39%</td><td style="background-color: #ff9f9f" sorttable_customkey="48">95.16% lower</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Iron">Iron</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Fe%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="1">1 mineral with Pd and Fe</a></td><td style="background-color: #fffefb" sorttable_customkey="1.38888888889">1.39%</td><td style="background-color: #ffa0a0" sorttable_customkey="58">94.11% lower</td></tr></tr><tr><th><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Gold">Gold</a></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/chemsearch.php?inc=Au%2CPd%2C&exc=&ima=0&sub=Search+for+Minerals" sorttable_customkey="1">1 mineral with Pd and Au</a></td><td style="background-color: #fffefb" sorttable_customkey="1.38888888889">1.39%</td><td style="background-color: #9cff9c" sorttable_customkey="2414">141.48% higher</td></tr></tr></table></div><table class="mindattable ele50"><tr><th class="eleh2">Periodic Table</th></tr><tr><td><div id="chemtdesc"></div> <table class="chemtablesmall"> <tr> <td rowspan="11"></td> <td class="elem"><a name="H" title="Hydrogen" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Hydrogen">1<b>H</b></a></td> <td colspan="16"></td> <td class="elem"><a name="He" title="Helium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Helium">2<b>He</b></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="elem"><a name="Li" title="Lithium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Lithium">3<b>Li</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Be" title="Beryllium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Beryllium">4<b>Be</b></a></td> <td></td> <td colspan="9" rowspan="2"> <input checked name="hideshow" id="hideshow" type="checkbox"/><label for="hideshow">Show/hide current element</label> </td> <td class="elem"><a name="B" title="Boron" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Boron">5<b>B</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="C" title="Carbon" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Carbon">6<b>C</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="N" title="Nitrogen" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Nitrogen">7<b>N</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="O" title="Oxygen" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Oxygen">8<b>O</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="F" title="Fluorine" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Fluorine">9<b>F</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ne" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Neon" title="Neon">10<b>Ne</b></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="elem"><a name="Na" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Sodium" title="Sodium">11<b>Na</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Mg" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">12<b>Mg</b></a></td> <td></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Al" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">13<b>Al</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Si" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Silicon" title="Silicon">14<b>Si</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="P" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">15<b>P</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="S" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Sulfur" title="Sulfur">16<b>S</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Cl" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Chlorine" title="Chlorine">17<b>Cl</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ar" title="Argon" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Argon">18<b>Ar</b></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="elem"><a name="K" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Potassium" title="Potassium">19<b>K</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ca" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Calcium" title="Calcium">20<b>Ca</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Sc" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Scandium" title="Scandium">21<b>Sc</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ti" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Titanium" title="Titanium">22<b>Ti</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="V" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">23<b>V</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Cr" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Chromium" title="Chromium">24<b>Cr</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Mn" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Manganese" title="Manganese">25<b>Mn</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Fe" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Iron" title="Iron">26<b>Fe</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Co" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Cobalt" title="Cobalt">27<b>Co</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ni" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Nickel" title="Nickel">28<b>Ni</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Cu" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Copper" title="Copper">29<b>Cu</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Zn" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Zinc" title="Zinc">30<b>Zn</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ga" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Gallium" title="Gallium">31<b>Ga</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ge" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Germanium" title="Germanium">32<b>Ge</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="As" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">33<b>As</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Se" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Selenium" title="Selenium">34<b>Se</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Br" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Bromine" title="Bromine">35<b>Br</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Kr" title="Krypton" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Krypton">36<b>Kr</b></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="elem"><a name="Rb" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">37<b>Rb</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Sr" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Strontium" title="Strontium">38<b>Sr</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Y" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Yttrium" title="Yttrium">39<b>Y</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Zr" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Zirconium" title="Zirconium">40<b>Zr</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Nb" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Niobium" title="Niobium">41<b>Nb</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Mo" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum">42<b>Mo</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Tc" title="Technetium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Technetium">43<b>Tc</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ru" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Ruthenium" title="Ruthenium">44<b>Ru</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Rh" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Rhodium" title="Rhodium">45<b>Rh</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Pd" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Palladium" title="Palladium">46<b>Pd</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ag" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Silver" title="Silver">47<b>Ag</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Cd" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Cadmium" title="Cadmium">48<b>Cd</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="In" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Indium" title="Indium">49<b>In</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Sn" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Tin" title="Tin">50<b>Sn</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Sb" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Antimony" title="Antimony">51<b>Sb</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Te" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Tellurium" title="Tellurium">52<b>Te</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="I" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Iodine" title="Iodine">53<b>I</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Xe" title="Xenon" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Xenon">54<b>Xe</b></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="elem"><a name="Cs" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Caesium" title="Caesium">55<b>Cs</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ba" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Barium" title="Barium">56<b>Ba</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="La" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Lanthanum" title="Lanthanum">57<b>La</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Hf" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">72<b>Hf</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ta" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">73<b>Ta</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="W" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">74<b>W</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Re" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Rhenium" title="Rhenium">75<b>Re</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Os" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Osmium" title="Osmium">76<b>Os</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ir" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Iridium" title="Iridium">77<b>Ir</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Pt" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Platinum" title="Platinum">78<b>Pt</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Au" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Gold" title="Gold">79<b>Au</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Hg" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Mercury" title="Mercury">80<b>Hg</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Tl" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Thallium" title="Thallium">81<b>Tl</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Pb" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Lead" title="Lead">82<b>Pb</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Bi" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Bismuth" title="Bismuth">83<b>Bi</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Po" title="Polonium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Polonium">84<b>Po</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="At" title="Astatine" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Astatine">85<b>At</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Rn" title="Radon" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Radon">86<b>Rn</b></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="elem"><a name="Fr" title="Francium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Francium">87<b>Fr</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ra" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Radium" title="Radium">88<b>Ra</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ac" title="Actinium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Actinium">89<b>Ac</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Rf" title="Rutherfordium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Rutherfordium">104<b>Rd</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Db" title="Dubnium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Dubnium">105<b>Db</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Sg" title="Seaborgium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Seaborgium">106<b>Sg</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Bh" title="Bohrium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Bohrium">107<b>Bh</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Hs" title="Hassium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Hassium">108<b>Hs</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Mt" title="Meitnerium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Meitnerium">109<b>Mt</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ds" title="Darmstadtium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Darmstadtium">110<b>Ds</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Rg" title="Roentgenium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Roentgenium">111<b>Rg</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Cn" title="Copernicium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Copernicium">112<b>Cn</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Uut" title="Ununtrium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Ununtrium">113<b>Uut</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Fl" title="Flerovium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Flerovium">114<b>Fl</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Uup" title="Ununpentium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Ununpentium">115<b>Uup</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Lv" title="Livermorium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Livermorium">116<b>Lv</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Uus" title="Ununseptium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Ununseptium">117<b>Uus</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Uuo" title="Ununoctium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Ununoctium">118<b>Uuo</b></a></td> </tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr> <td colspan="2"></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ce" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Cerium" title="Cerium">58<b>Ce</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Pr" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Praseodymium" title="Praseodymium">59<b>Pr</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Nd" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Neodymium" title="Neodymium">60<b>Nd</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Pm" title="Promethium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Promethium">61<b>Pm</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Sm" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Samarium" title="Samarium">62<b>Sm</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Eu" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Europium" title="Europium">63<b>Eu</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Gd" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">64<b>Gd</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Tb" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Terbium" title="Terbium">65<b>Tb</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Dy" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Dysprosium" title="Dysprosium">66<b>Dy</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Ho" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Holmium" title="Holmium">67<b>Ho</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Er" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Erbium" title="Erbium">68<b>Er</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Tm" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Thulium" title="Thulium">69<b>Tm</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Yb" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Ytterbium" title="Ytterbium">70<b>Yb</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Lu" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Lutetium" title="Lutetium">71<b>Lu</b></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Th" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Thorium" title="Thorium">90<b>Th</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Pa" title="Protactinium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Protactinium">91<b>Pa</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="U" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Uranium" title="Uranium">92<b>U</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Np" title="Neptunium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Neptunium">93<b>Np</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Pu" title="Plutonium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Plutonium">94<b>Pu</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Am" title="Americium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Americium">95<b>Am</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Cm" title="Curium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Curium">96<b>Cm</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Bk" title="Berkelium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Berkelium">97<b>Bk</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Cf" title="Californium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Californium">98<b>Cf</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Es" title="Einsteinium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Einsteinium">99<b>Es</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Fm" title="Fermium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Fermium">100<b>Fm</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Md" title="Mendelevium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Mendelevium">101<b>Md</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="No" title="Nobelium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Nobelium">102<b>No</b></a></td> <td class="elem"><a name="Lr" title="Lawrencium" href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Lawrencium">103<b>Lr</b></a></td> </tr> </table> <script> var permode = "Default"; var peropts = { "Default": { "key": { "Listed in minerals": "#fcfcfc", "Not listed": "#ccc" }, "desc": [ "<h2>Periodic Table<\/h2>Click on any element to navigate to the page on that element. Click on a button below the table to view other data mapped to this table view. This view simply shows all elements that are listed in a mineral formula in mindat.org. Other elements may be found in smaller levels in some minerals but are not listed in any formula." ], "default": "#ccc", "H": "#fcfcfc", "Li": "#fcfcfc", "Be": "#fcfcfc", "B": "#fcfcfc", "C": "#fcfcfc", "N": "#fcfcfc", "O": "#fcfcfc", "F": "#fcfcfc", "Na": "#fcfcfc", "Mg": "#fcfcfc", "Al": "#fcfcfc", "Si": "#fcfcfc", "P": "#fcfcfc", "S": "#fcfcfc", "Cl": "#fcfcfc", "K": "#fcfcfc", "Ca": "#fcfcfc", "Sc": "#fcfcfc", "Ti": "#fcfcfc", "V": "#fcfcfc", "Cr": "#fcfcfc", "Mn": "#fcfcfc", "Fe": "#fcfcfc", "Co": "#fcfcfc", "Ni": "#fcfcfc", "Cu": "#fcfcfc", "Zn": "#fcfcfc", "Ga": "#fcfcfc", "Ge": "#fcfcfc", "As": "#fcfcfc", "Se": "#fcfcfc", "Br": "#fcfcfc", "Rb": "#fcfcfc", "Sr": "#fcfcfc", "Y": "#fcfcfc", "Zr": "#fcfcfc", "Nb": "#fcfcfc", "Mo": "#fcfcfc", "Ru": "#fcfcfc", "Rh": "#fcfcfc", "Pd": "#fcfcfc", "Ag": "#fcfcfc", "Cd": "#fcfcfc", "In": "#fcfcfc", "Sn": "#fcfcfc", "Sb": "#fcfcfc", "Te": "#fcfcfc", "I": "#fcfcfc", "Cs": "#fcfcfc", "Ba": "#fcfcfc", "La": "#fcfcfc", "Ce": "#fcfcfc", "Pr": "#fcfcfc", "Nd": "#fcfcfc", "Sm": "#fcfcfc", "Gd": "#fcfcfc", "Dy": "#fcfcfc", "Yb": "#fcfcfc", "Hf": "#fcfcfc", "Ta": "#fcfcfc", "W": "#fcfcfc", "Re": "#fcfcfc", "Os": "#fcfcfc", "Ir": "#fcfcfc", "Pt": "#fcfcfc", "Au": "#fcfcfc", "Hg": "#fcfcfc", "Tl": "#fcfcfc", "Pb": "#fcfcfc", "Bi": "#fcfcfc", "Th": "#fcfcfc", "U": "#fcfcfc", "": "#fcfcfc" }, "Categories": { "key": { "Alkali Metal": "#F6A9BF", "Alkaline Earth": "#FFDCA9", "Transition Metal": "#FAF8D9", "Basic Metal": "#D4EBD8", "Semimetal": "#93D9F5", "Nonmetal": "#BFD6EF", "Halogen": "#E0E0F0", "Noble Gas": "#E1CFE5", "Lanthanides": "#E7DAD4", "Actinides": "#F4DCD4" }, "desc": "<h2>Element Groups<\/h2>This table shows the elements coloured based on their element groups. ", "default": "#FAF8D9", "H": "#BFD6EF", "C": "#BFD6EF", "N": "#BFD6EF", "O": "#BFD6EF", "P": "#BFD6EF", "S": "#BFD6EF", "Se": "#BFD6EF", "Li": "#F6A9BF", "Na": "#F6A9BF", "K": "#F6A9BF", "Rb": "#F6A9BF", "Cs": "#F6A9BF", "Fr": "#F6A9BF", "Be": "#FFDCA9", "Mg": "#FFDCA9", "Ca": "#FFDCA9", "Sr": "#FFDCA9", "Ba": "#FFDCA9", "Ra": "#FFDCA9", "Al": "#D4EBD8", "Ga": "#D4EBD8", "In": "#D4EBD8", "Sn": "#D4EBD8", "Tl": "#D4EBD8", "Pb": "#D4EBD8", "Bi": "#D4EBD8", "Uut": "#D4EBD8", "Fl": "#D4EBD8", "Uup": "#D4EBD8", "Lv": "#D4EBD8", "B": "#93D9F5", "Si": "#93D9F5", "Ge": "#93D9F5", "As": "#93D9F5", "Sb": "#93D9F5", "Te": "#93D9F5", "Po": "#93D9F5", "F": "#E0E0F0", "Cl": "#E0E0F0", "Br": "#E0E0F0", "I": "#E0E0F0", "At": "#E0E0F0", "Uus": "#E0E0F0", "He": "#E1CFE5", "Ne": "#E1CFE5", "Ar": "#E1CFE5", "Kr": "#E1CFE5", "Xe": "#E1CFE5", "Rn": "#E1CFE5", "Uuo": "#E1CFE5", "La": "#E7DAD4", "Ce": "#E7DAD4", "Pr": "#E7DAD4", "Nd": "#E7DAD4", "Pm": "#E7DAD4", "Sm": "#E7DAD4", "Eu": "#E7DAD4", "Gd": "#E7DAD4", "Tb": "#E7DAD4", "Dy": "#E7DAD4", "Ho": "#E7DAD4", "Er": "#E7DAD4", "Tm": "#E7DAD4", "Yb": "#E7DAD4", "Lu": "#E7DAD4", "Ac": "#F4DCD4", "Th": "#F4DCD4", "Pa": "#F4DCD4", "U": "#F4DCD4", "Np": "#F4DCD4", "Pu": "#F4DCD4", "Am": "#F4DCD4", "Cm": "#F4DCD4", "Bk": "#F4DCD4", "Cf": "#F4DCD4", "Es": "#F4DCD4", "Fm": "#F4DCD4", "Md": "#F4DCD4", "No": "#F4DCD4", "Lr": "#F4DCD4" }, "CPK": { "key": [], "desc": "<h2>CPK Coloring<\/h2>A popular colour convention for distinguishing atoms of the different elements in molecular models. Named after the original system derived by Robert Corey and Linus Pauling from Caltech, later improved by Walter Koltun.", "default": "#fcfcfc", "H": "#FFFFFF", "He": "#D9FFFF", "Li": "#CC80FF", "Be": "#C2FF00", "B": "#FFB5B5", "C": "#909090", "N": "#3050F8", "O": "#FF0D0D", "F": "#1FF01F", "Ne": "#B3E3F5", "Na": "#AB5CF2", "Mg": "#8AFF00", "Al": "#BFA6A6", "Si": "#F0C8A0", "P": "#FF8000", "S": "#FFFF30", "Cl": "#1FF01F", "Ar": "#80D1E3", "K": "#8F40D4", "Ca": "#3DFF00", "Sc": "#E6E6E6", "Ti": "#BFC2C7", "V": "#A6A6AB", "Cr": "#8A99C7", "Mn": "#9C7AC7", "Fe": "#E06633", "Co": "#F090A0", "Ni": "#50D050", "Cu": "#C88033", "Zn": "#7D80B0", "Ga": "#C28F8F", "Ge": "#668F8F", "As": "#BD80E3", "Se": "#FFA100", "Br": "#A62929", "Kr": "#5CB8D1", "Rb": "#702EB0", "Sr": "#00FF00", "Y": "#94FFFF", "Zr": "#94E0E0", "Nb": "#73C2C9", "Mo": "#54B5B5", "Tc": "#3B9E9E", "Ru": "#248F8F", "Rh": "#0A7D8C", "Pd": "#006985", "Ag": "#C0C0C0", "Cd": "#FFD98F", "In": "#A67573", "Sn": "#668080", "Sb": "#9E63B5", "Te": "#D47A00", "I": "#940094", "Xe": "#429EB0", "Cs": "#57178F", "Ba": "#00C900", "La": "#70D4FF", "Ce": "#FFFFC7", "Pr": "#D9FFC7", "Nd": "#C7FFC7", "Pm": "#A3FFC7", "Sm": "#8FFFC7", "Eu": "#61FFC7", "Gd": "#45FFC7", "Tb": "#30FFC7", "Dy": "#1FFFC7", "Ho": "#00FF9C", "Er": "#006E75", "Tm": "#00D452", "Yb": "#00BF38", "Lu": "#00AB24", "Hf": "#4DC2FF", "Ta": "#4DA6FF", "W": "#2194D6", "Re": "#267DAB", "Os": "#266696", "Ir": "#175487", "Pt": "#D0D0E0", "Au": "#FFD123", "Hg": "#B8B8D0", "Tl": "#A6544D", "Pb": "#575961", "Bi": "#9E4FB5", "Po": "#AB5C00", "At": "#754F45", "Rn": "#428296", "Fr": "#420066", "Ra": "#007D00", "Ac": "#70ABFA", "Th": "#00BAFF", "Pa": "#00A1FF", "U": "#008FFF", "Np": "#0080FF", "Pu": "#006BFF", "Am": "#545CF2", "Cm": "#785CE3", "Bk": "#8A4FE3", "Cf": "#A136D4", "Es": "#B31FD4", "Fm": "#B31FBA", "Md": "#B30DA6", "No": "#BD0D87", "Lr": "#C70066", "Rf": "#CC0059", "Db": "#D1004F", "Sg": "#D90045", "Bh": "#E00038", "Hs": "#E6002E", "Mt": "#EB0026", "Ds": "#", "Rg": "#", "Cn": "#", "Uut": "#", "Fl": "#", "Uup": "#", "Lv": "#", "Uus": "#", "Uuo": "#" }, "Electronegativity": { "key": { "0.70 - 0.99": "#797fd7", "1.00 - 1.49": "#79b7d7", "1.50 - 1.99": "#79d79c", "2.00 - 2.49": "#b0d779", "2.50 - 2.99": "#d7d679", "3.00 - 3.49": "#d79f79", "3.50 - 3.99": "#d7797b", "None\/Not recorded": "#ccc" }, "desc": "<h2>Electronegativity<\/h2>Pauling Scale.", "default": "#ccc", "H": "#b0d779", "He": "#ccc", "Li": "#797fd7", "Be": "#79d79c", "B": "#b0d779", "C": "#d7d679", "N": "#d79f79", "O": "#d79f79", "F": "#d7797b", "Ne": "#ccc", "Na": "#797fd7", "Mg": "#79b7d7", "Al": "#79d79c", "Si": "#79d79c", "P": "#b0d779", "S": "#d7d679", "Cl": "#d79f79", "Ar": "#ccc", "K": "#797fd7", "Ca": "#79b7d7", "Sc": "#79b7d7", "Ti": "#79d79c", "V": "#79d79c", "Cr": "#79d79c", "Mn": "#79d79c", "Fe": "#79d79c", "Co": "#79d79c", "Ni": "#79d79c", "Cu": "#79d79c", "Zn": "#79d79c", "Ga": "#79d79c", "Ge": "#b0d779", "As": "#b0d779", "Se": "#d7d679", "Br": "#d7d679", "Kr": "#ccc", "Rb": "#797fd7", "Sr": "#797fd7", "Y": "#79b7d7", "Zr": "#79b7d7", "Nb": "#79d79c", "Mo": "#b0d779", "Tc": "#79d79c", "Ru": "#b0d779", "Rh": "#b0d779", "Pd": "#b0d779", "Ag": "#79d79c", "Cd": "#79d79c", "In": "#79d79c", "Sn": "#79d79c", "Sb": "#b0d779", "Te": "#b0d779", "I": "#d7d679", "Xe": "#ccc", "Cs": "#797fd7", "Ba": "#797fd7", "La": "#79b7d7", "Ce": "#79b7d7", "Pr": "#79b7d7", "Nd": "#79b7d7", "Pm": "#79b7d7", "Sm": "#79b7d7", "Eu": "#79b7d7", "Gd": "#79b7d7", "Tb": "#79b7d7", "Dy": "#79b7d7", "Ho": "#79b7d7", "Er": "#79b7d7", "Tm": "#79b7d7", "Yb": "#79b7d7", "Lu": "#79b7d7", "Hf": "#79b7d7", "Ta": "#79d79c", "W": "#b0d779", "Re": "#79d79c", "Os": "#b0d779", "Ir": "#b0d779", "Pt": "#b0d779", "Au": "#d7d679", "Hg": "#b0d779", "Tl": "#b0d779", "Pb": "#b0d779", "Bi": "#b0d779", "Po": "#b0d779", "At": "#b0d779", "Rn": "#ccc", "Fr": "#797fd7", "Ra": "#797fd7", "Ac": "#79b7d7", "Th": "#79b7d7", "Pa": "#79d79c", "U": "#79b7d7", "Np": "#79b7d7", "Pu": "#79b7d7", "Am": "#79b7d7", "Cm": 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"Ne": "#ccc", "Na": "#b0d779", "Mg": "#d7d679", "Al": "#d7d679", "Si": "#797fd7", "P": "#79b7d7", "S": "#79d79c", "Cl": "#b0d779", "Ar": "#ccc", "K": "#d7d679", "Ca": "#d79f79", "Sc": "#d7d679", "Ti": "#b0d779", "V": "#b0d779", "Cr": "#79d79c", "Mn": "#79b7d7", "Fe": "#79d79c", "Co": "#b0d779", "Ni": "#b0d779", "Cu": "#d7d679", "Zn": "#d79f79", "Ga": "#d7d679", "Ge": "#797fd7", "As": "#79b7d7", "Se": "#79d79c", "Br": "#b0d779", "Kr": "#d79f79", "Rb": "#d7d679", "Sr": "#d79f79", "Y": "#d7d679", "Zr": "#d7d679", "Nb": "#b0d779", "Mo": "#79d79c", "Tc": "#79b7d7", "Ru": "#79d79c", "Rh": "#b0d779", "Pd": "#d79f79", "Ag": "#d7d679", "Cd": "#d79f79", "In": "#d7d679", "Sn": "#797fd7", "Sb": "#79b7d7", "Te": "#79d79c", "I": "#b0d779", "Xe": "#d79f79", "Cs": "#d7d679", "Ba": "#d79f79", "La": "#d79f79", "Ce": "#d79f79", "Pr": "#d79f79", "Nd": "#d79f79", "Pm": "#d7797b", "Sm": "#d79f79", "Eu": "#d79f79", "Gd": "#d7d679", "Tb": "#d7d679", "Dy": "#d79f79", "Ho": "#d7797b", "Er": "#d7797b", "Tm": 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"None\/Not recorded": "#ccc" }, "desc": "<h2>Highest Oxidation Number<\/h2>The highest recorded oxidation number for each element.", "default": "#ccc", "H": "#79b7d7", "He": "#ccc", "Li": "#79b7d7", "Be": "#79d79c", "B": "#b0d779", "C": "#d7d679", "N": "#d79f79", "O": "#79d79c", "F": "#797fd7", "Ne": "#ccc", "Na": "#79b7d7", "Mg": "#79d79c", "Al": "#b0d779", "Si": "#d7d679", "P": "#d79f79", "S": "#d7797b", "Cl": "#d7457e", "Ar": "#ccc", "K": "#79b7d7", "Ca": "#79d79c", "Sc": "#b0d779", "Ti": "#d7d679", "V": "#d7d679", "Cr": "#d7797b", "Mn": "#d7457e", "Fe": "#d7797b", "Co": "#d79f79", "Ni": "#d7d679", "Cu": "#d7d679", "Zn": "#79d79c", "Ga": "#b0d779", "Ge": "#d7d679", "As": "#d79f79", "Se": "#d7797b", "Br": "#d7457e", "Kr": "#79d79c", "Rb": "#79b7d7", "Sr": "#79d79c", "Y": "#b0d779", "Zr": "#d7d679", "Nb": "#d79f79", "Mo": "#d7797b", "Tc": "#d7457e", "Ru": "#f465c2", "Rh": "#d7797b", "Pd": "#d7d679", "Ag": "#b0d779", "Cd": "#79d79c", "In": "#b0d779", "Sn": "#d7d679", "Sb": "#d79f79", "Te": "#d7797b", "I": "#d7457e", "Xe": "#f465c2", "Cs": "#79b7d7", "Ba": "#79d79c", "La": "#b0d779", "Ce": "#d7d679", "Pr": "#d7d679", "Nd": "#b0d779", "Pm": "#b0d779", "Sm": "#b0d779", "Eu": "#b0d779", "Gd": "#b0d779", "Tb": "#d7d679", "Dy": "#b0d779", "Ho": "#b0d779", "Er": "#b0d779", "Tm": "#b0d779", "Yb": "#b0d779", "Lu": "#b0d779", "Hf": "#d7d679", "Ta": "#d79f79", "W": "#d7797b", "Re": "#d7457e", "Os": "#f465c2", "Ir": "#d7797b", "Pt": "#d7797b", "Au": "#d79f79", "Hg": "#d7d679", "Tl": "#b0d779", "Pb": "#d7d679", "Bi": "#d79f79", "Po": "#d7797b", "At": "#d79f79", "Rn": "#79d79c", "Fr": "#79b7d7", "Ra": "#79d79c", "Ac": "#b0d779", "Th": "#d7d679", "Pa": "#d79f79", "U": "#d7797b", "Np": "#d7457e", "Pu": "#d7457e", "Am": "#d7797b", "Cm": "#d7d679", "Bk": "#d7d679", "Cf": "#d7d679", "Es": "#b0d779", "Fm": "#b0d779", "Md": "#b0d779", "No": "#b0d779", "Lr": "#b0d779", "Rf": "#d7d679", "Db": "#ccc", "Sg": "#ccc", "Bh": "#ccc", "Hs": "#ccc", "Mt": "#ccc", "Ds": "#ccc", "Rg": "#ccc", "Cn": "#ccc", "Uut": "#ccc", "Fl": "#ccc", "Uup": "#ccc", "Lv": "#ccc", "Uus": "#ccc", "Uuo": "#ccc" }, "Crustal Abundance": { "key": { "10<sup>-1<\/sup> kg\/kg range": "#1aff53", "10<sup>-2<\/sup> kg\/kg range": "#33ff33", "10<sup>-3<\/sup> kg\/kg range": "#79ff4d", "10<sup>-4<\/sup> kg\/kg range": "#b3ff66", "10<sup>-5<\/sup> kg\/kg range": "#dfff80", "10<sup>-6<\/sup> kg\/kg range": "#ffff99", "10<sup>-7<\/sup> kg\/kg range": "#ffecb3", "10<sup>-8<\/sup> kg\/kg range": "#ffe6cc", "10<sup>-9<\/sup> kg\/kg range": "#ffece6", "10<sup>-10<\/sup> or less kg\/kg range": "#ffffff" }, "desc": "<h2>Crustal Abundance<\/h2>Values from the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition.", "default": "#ccc", "H": "#79ff4d", "He": "#ffece6", "Li": "#dfff80", "Be": "#ffff99", "B": "#dfff80", "C": "#b3ff66", "N": "#dfff80", "O": "#1aff53", "F": "#b3ff66", "Ne": "#ffece6", "Na": "#33ff33", "Mg": "#33ff33", "Al": "#33ff33", "Si": "#1aff53", "P": "#79ff4d", "S": "#b3ff66", "Cl": "#b3ff66", "Ar": "#ffff99", "K": "#33ff33", "Ca": "#33ff33", "Sc": "#dfff80", "Ti": "#79ff4d", "V": "#b3ff66", "Cr": "#b3ff66", "Mn": "#b3ff66", "Fe": "#33ff33", "Co": "#dfff80", "Ni": "#dfff80", "Cu": "#dfff80", "Zn": "#dfff80", "Ga": "#dfff80", "Ge": "#ffff99", "As": "#ffff99", "Se": "#ffe6cc", "Br": "#ffff99", "Kr": "#ffffff", "Rb": "#dfff80", "Sr": "#b3ff66", "Y": "#dfff80", "Zr": "#b3ff66", "Nb": "#dfff80", "Mo": "#ffff99", "Ru": "#ffece6", "Rh": "#ffece6", "Pd": "#ffe6cc", "Ag": "#ffe6cc", "Cd": "#ffecb3", "In": "#ffecb3", "Sn": "#ffff99", "Sb": "#ffecb3", "Te": "#ffece6", "I": "#ffecb3", "Xe": "#ffffff", "Cs": "#ffff99", "Ba": "#b3ff66", "La": "#dfff80", "Ce": "#dfff80", "Pr": "#ffff99", "Nd": "#dfff80", "Sm": "#ffff99", "Eu": "#ffff99", "Gd": "#ffff99", "Tb": "#ffff99", "Dy": "#ffff99", "Ho": "#ffff99", "Er": "#ffff99", "Tm": "#ffecb3", "Yb": "#ffff99", "Lu": "#ffecb3", "Hf": "#ffff99", "Ta": "#ffff99", "W": "#ffff99", "Re": "#ffffff", "Os": "#ffece6", "Ir": "#ffece6", "Pt": "#ffece6", "Au": "#ffece6", "Hg": "#ffe6cc", "Tl": "#ffecb3", "Pb": "#dfff80", "Bi": "#ffece6", "Po": "#ffffff", "Rn": "#ffffff", "Ra": "#ffffff", "Ac": "#ffffff", "Th": "#ffff99", "Pa": "#ffffff", "U": "#ffff99" }, "Goldschmidt": { "key": { "Lithophile": "#ffbb77", "Siderophile": "#ff8ebb", "Chalcophile": "#fff888", "Atmophile": "#bbffff", "Not defined": "#ccc" }, "desc": "<h2>Goldschmidt Classification<\/h2>A geochemical classification of elements according to their preferred host phases into lithophile (rock-loving), siderophile (iron-loving), chalcophile (ore loving\/chalcogen loving) or atmophile (gas-loving). This lists the primary classification for each element.", "default": "#ccc", "H": "#bbffff", "He": "#bbffff", "Li": "#ffbb77", "Be": "#ffbb77", "B": "#ffbb77", "C": "#bbffff", "N": "#bbffff", "O": "#ffbb77", "F": "#ffbb77", "Ne": "#bbffff", "Na": "#ffbb77", "Mg": "#ffbb77", "Al": "#ffbb77", "Si": "#ffbb77", "P": "#ffbb77", "S": "#fff888", "Cl": "#ffbb77", "Ar": "#bbffff", "K": "#ffbb77", "Ca": "#ffbb77", "Sc": "#ffbb77", "Ti": "#ffbb77", "V": "#ffbb77", "Cr": "#ffbb77", "Mn": "#ff8ebb", "Fe": "#ff8ebb", "Co": "#ff8ebb", "Ni": "#ff8ebb", "Cu": "#fff888", "Zn": "#fff888", "Ga": "#fff888", "Ge": "#fff888", "As": "#fff888", "Se": "#fff888", "Br": "#ffbb77", "Kr": "#bbffff", "Rb": "#ffbb77", "Sr": "#ffbb77", "Y": "#ffbb77", "Zr": "#ffbb77", "Nb": "#ffbb77", "Mo": "#ff8ebb", "Tc": "#ffbb77", "Ru": "#ff8ebb", "Rh": "#ff8ebb", "Pd": "#ff8ebb", "Ag": "#fff888", "Cd": "#fff888", "In": "#fff888", "Sn": "#fff888", "Sb": "#fff888", "Te": "#fff888", "I": "#ffbb77", "Xe": "#bbffff", "Cs": "#ffbb77", "Ba": "#ffbb77", "La": "#ffbb77", "Ce": "#ffbb77", "Pr": "#ffbb77", "Nd": "#ffbb77", "Pm": "#ffbb77", "Sm": "#ffbb77", "Eu": "#ffbb77", "Gd": "#ffbb77", "Tb": "#ffbb77", "Dy": "#ffbb77", "Ho": "#ffbb77", "Er": "#ffbb77", "Tm": "#ffbb77", "Yb": "#ffbb77", "Lu": "#ffbb77", "Hf": "#ffbb77", "Ta": "#ffbb77", "W": "#ffbb77", "Re": "#ff8ebb", "Os": "#ff8ebb", "Ir": "#ff8ebb", "Pt": "#ff8ebb", "Au": "#ff8ebb", "Hg": "#fff888", "Tl": "#fff888", "Pb": "#fff888", "Bi": "#fff888", "Po": "#fff888", "At": "#ffbb77", "Rn": "#bbffff", "Fr": "#ffbb77", "Ra": "#ffbb77", "Ac": "#ffbb77", "Th": "#ffbb77", "Pa": "#ffbb77", "U": "#ffbb77", "Np": "#ffbb77", "Pu": "#ffbb77" }, "Mineral Species": { "desc": "<h2>Mineral Species<\/h2>The number of minerals containing each element compared.", "key": { "3000+ minerals": "#ff8c80", "1000-2999 minerals": "#ffc266", "500-999 minerals": "#f0ff66", "100-499 minerals": "#75ff1a", "50-99 minerals": "#33ffcf", "20-49 minerals": "#99e4ff", "1-19 minerals": "#b3b8ff", "No minerals with element": "#ccc" }, "default": "#ccc", "H": "#ffc266", "Li": "#75ff1a", "Be": "#75ff1a", "B": "#75ff1a", "C": "#75ff1a", "N": "#75ff1a", "O": "#ff8c80", "F": "#75ff1a", "Na": "#ffc266", "Mg": "#f0ff66", "Al": "#ffc266", "Si": "#ffc266", "P": "#f0ff66", "S": "#ffc266", "Cl": "#75ff1a", "K": "#f0ff66", "Ca": "#ffc266", "Sc": "#b3b8ff", "Ti": "#75ff1a", "V": "#75ff1a", "Cr": "#33ffcf", "Mn": "#f0ff66", "Fe": "#ffc266", "Co": "#33ffcf", "Ni": "#75ff1a", "Cu": "#f0ff66", "Zn": "#75ff1a", "Ga": "#b3b8ff", "Ge": "#99e4ff", "As": "#f0ff66", "Se": "#75ff1a", "Br": "#b3b8ff", "Rb": "#b3b8ff", "Sr": "#75ff1a", "Y": "#75ff1a", "Zr": "#75ff1a", "Nb": "#75ff1a", "Mo": "#33ffcf", "Ru": "#b3b8ff", "Rh": "#b3b8ff", "Pd": "#33ffcf", "Ag": "#75ff1a", "Cd": "#99e4ff", "In": "#b3b8ff", "Sn": "#33ffcf", "Sb": "#75ff1a", "Te": "#75ff1a", "I": "#99e4ff", "Cs": "#99e4ff", "Ba": "#75ff1a", "La": "#33ffcf", "Ce": "#75ff1a", "Pr": "#b3b8ff", "Nd": "#33ffcf", "Sm": "#b3b8ff", "Gd": "#b3b8ff", "Dy": "#b3b8ff", "Yb": "#b3b8ff", "Hf": "#b3b8ff", "Ta": "#33ffcf", "W": "#99e4ff", "Re": "#b3b8ff", "Os": "#b3b8ff", "Ir": "#99e4ff", "Pt": "#99e4ff", "Au": "#99e4ff", "Hg": "#33ffcf", "Tl": "#33ffcf", "Pb": "#f0ff66", "Bi": "#75ff1a", "Th": "#99e4ff", "U": "#75ff1a", "": "#ff8c80" }, "Minerals with Pd": { "desc": "<h2>Mineral Species<\/h2>Compared with the total number of minerals listed with Pd we show how many of these minerals also contain each other element. A stronger shade of yellow indicates a greater percentage of Pd minerals listed with the indicated element.", "key": { "Low number of Pd minerals with element": "#fcfcfc", "Higher number of Pd minerals with element": "#fcfc40", "No minerals with element and Pd": "#ccc" }, "default": "#ccc", "Te": "#fff4bf", "As": "#fff4bf", "Pt": "#fff8d5", "Bi": "#fff8d5", "Cu": "#fff8d5", "Sb": "#fff9d8", "Sn": "#fff9d8", "Se": "#fff9dc", "S": "#fffae3", "Pb": "#fffae3", "Ag": "#fffbea", "Ni": "#fffced", "Rh": "#fffdf1", "Hg": "#fffdf1", "Zn": "#fffefb", "Si": "#fffefb", "Fe": "#fffefb", "Au": "#fffefb" }, "Relative Frequency": { "desc": [ "<h2>Relative Frequency<\/h2>Comparing the ratio of the number of mineral species listed with each element + Pd with the ratio of all minerals listed with the element shows us which elements have a closer association with Pd. See the 'Element Association' table to view raw data." ], "key": { "Lower ratio of Pd minerals with element": "#fc4040", "Average ratio Pd minerals with element": "#fcfcfc", "Higher ratio of Pd minerals with element": "#40fc40", "No minerals with element and Pd": "#ccc" }, "default": "#ccc", "Te": "#9cff9c", "As": "#9cff9c", "Pt": "#9cff9c", "Bi": "#9cff9c", "Cu": "#e2ffe2", "Sb": "#9cff9c", "Sn": "#9cff9c", "Se": "#9cff9c", "S": "#ffd2d2", "Pb": "#f2fff2", "Ag": "#9cff9c", "Ni": "#9cff9c", "Rh": "#9cff9c", "Hg": "#9cff9c", "Zn": "#ffb4b4", "Si": "#ff9f9f", "Fe": "#ffa0a0", "Au": "#9cff9c" } }; $(function() {eleactivate(permode); }); var timtam; $("#hideshow").change(function(){ if($(this).is(":checked")) { $("A[name=Pd]").addClass('eleselected'); } else { $("A[name=Pd]").removeClass('eleselected'); } }) function eleactivate(key) { var ele; var keydesc; var col; var def = peropts[key]["default"]; if(!def) def="#f8f8f8"; $("#chemtdesc").fadeOut(500,function() { $(this).html(peropts[key]["desc"]); $(this).fadeIn(500); }); $(".ptkey").fadeOut(500,function() { var cont = "<h2>Key</h2>"; // "key"=>array("Found in minerals"=>"#fcfcfc","Not found"=>"#ccc"), var keys = Object.keys(peropts[key]["key"]); for(keydes in peropts[key]["key"]) { col=peropts[key]["key"][keydes]; cont+="<div class='keyentry'><span style='background-color: "+col+"; '></span>"+keydes+"</div>"; } $(this).html(cont); $(this).fadeIn(500); }) if(timtam) clearTimeout(timtam); $(".elem A").each(function(index) { ele = $(this).attr('name'); col = peropts[key][ele]; $(this).css('-webkit-transition', 'background 0.5s linear'); $(this).css('-o-transition', 'background 0.5s linear'); $(this).css('-mozilla-transition', 'background 0.5s linear'); $(this).css('transition', 'background 0.5s linear'); if(col) $(this).css('background-color',col); else $(this).css('background-color',def); }); timtam = setTimeout(function() { $(".elem A").css('-webkit-transition', 'none !important'); $(".elem A").css('-o-transition', 'none !important'); $(".elem A").css('-mozilla-transition', 'none !important'); $(".elem A").css('transition', 'none !important'); },1000); } $("A[name=Pd]").addClass('eleselected'); </script> <div class="ptkey"><div></div></div><div class="ptbuttons"><span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Default")">Default</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Categories")">Categories</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("CPK")">CPK</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Electronegativity")">Electronegativity</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Atomic Radius")">Atomic Radius</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Lowest Oxidation")">Lowest Oxidation</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Highest Oxidation")">Highest Oxidation</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Crustal Abundance")">Crustal Abundance</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Goldschmidt")">Goldschmidt</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Mineral Species")">Mineral Species</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Minerals with Pd")">Minerals with Pd</span> <span class="peropt" onclick="eleactivate("Relative Frequency")">Relative Frequency</span> </div></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Rhodium">Rhodium</a> << <b>Palladium</b> >> <a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/element/Silver">Silver</a></td></tr></table></div><div class="clearer"></div><br><br><table class="mindattable elebh2" style="width: 100%"><tr><th class="eleh3">Most widespread minerals containing Palladium</th><tr><tr><td>This list of minerals containing Palladium is built from the mindat.org locality database. This is based on the number of localities entered for mineral species and is therefore slanted towards minerals interesting to collectors with less coverage of common rock-forming-minerals so it does not give an undistorted distribution of Palladium mineral species. It is more useful when comparing rare species rather than common species.</td></tr><table class="mindattable" style="width: 100%"><tr><th>Name</th><th>Formula</th><th>Crystal System</th><th>Mindat Localities</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2650.html">Merenskyite</a></td><td><span>(Pd,Pt)(Te,Bi)<sub>2</sub></span></td><td>Trigonal</td><td>131</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2703.html">Michenerite</a></td><td><span>PdBiTe</span></td><td></td><td>102</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2264.html">Kotulskite</a></td><td><span>Pd(Te,Bi)</span></td><td>Hexagonal</td><td>93</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-3067.html">Palladium</a></td><td><span>(Pd,Pt)</span></td><td></td><td>58</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-3758.html">Stibiopalladinite</a></td><td><span>Pd<sub>5</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub></span></td><td>Hexagonal</td><td>57</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-1615.html">Froodite</a></td><td><span>α-PdBi<sub>2</sub></span></td><td>Monoclinic</td><td>53</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-4221.html">Vysotskite</a></td><td><span>(Pd,Ni)S</span></td><td>Tetragonal</td><td>50</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-3819.html">Sudburyite</a></td><td><span>(Pd,Ni)Sb</span></td><td>Hexagonal</td><td>38</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2655.html">Mertieite-II</a></td><td><span>Pd<sub>8</sub>(Sb,As)<sub>3</sub></span></td><td>Trigonal</td><td>38</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-3076.html">Paolovite</a></td><td><span>Pd<sub>2</sub>Sn</span></td><td>Orthorhombic</td><td>36</td></tr></table><table class="mindattable elephotostrip" style="width: 100%"><tr><th>Photos</th></tr><tr><td><div class="newpicbox hidetablet hidephone"><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 245px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-398863.html"><img width="245" height="182" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h214-0502372001310595002.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2650.html">Merenskyite</a>, etc.</b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-31068.html">Bunkerville District, Virgin Mts, Clark Co., Nevada, USA</a></div></div><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 249px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-481751.html"><img width="249" height="182" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h211-0838557001344883478.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2703.html">Michenerite</a></b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-106022.html">Aguablanca Mine, Monesterio, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain</a></div></div><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 216px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-159022.html"><img width="216" height="182" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h243-0490544001206883060.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2264.html">Kotulskite</a>, etc.</b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-3916.html">Key West Mine, Whitney Pocket Basin, Bunkerville District, Virgin Mts, Clark Co., Nevada, USA</a></div></div><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 253px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-34003.html"><img width="253" height="182" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h207-0965236001119717405.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-3067.html">Palladium</a></b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-23596.html">Nizhnii Tagil, Sverdlovskaya Oblast', Middle Urals, Urals Region, Russia</a></div></div><div class="clearer"></div></div><div class="newpicbox hidephone hidepc"><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 163px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-398863.html"><img width="163" height="121" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h214-0502372001310595002.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2650.html">Merenskyite</a>, etc.</b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-31068.html">Bunkerville District, Virgin Mts, Clark Co., Nevada, USA</a></div></div><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 166px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-481751.html"><img width="166" height="121" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h211-0838557001344883478.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2703.html">Michenerite</a></b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-106022.html">Aguablanca Mine, Monesterio, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain</a></div></div><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 144px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-159022.html"><img width="144" height="121" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h243-0490544001206883060.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2264.html">Kotulskite</a>, etc.</b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-3916.html">Key West Mine, Whitney Pocket Basin, Bunkerville District, Virgin Mts, Clark Co., Nevada, USA</a></div></div><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 169px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-34003.html"><img width="169" height="121" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h207-0965236001119717405.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-3067.html">Palladium</a></b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-23596.html">Nizhnii Tagil, Sverdlovskaya Oblast', Middle Urals, Urals Region, Russia</a></div></div><div class="clearer"></div></div><div class="newpicbox hidepc hidetablet"><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 287px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-398863.html"><img width="287" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h214-0502372001310595002.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2650.html">Merenskyite</a>, etc.</b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-31068.html">Bunkerville District, Virgin Mts, Clark Co., Nevada, USA</a></div></div><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 287px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-481751.html"><img width="287" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h211-0838557001344883478.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2703.html">Michenerite</a></b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-106022.html">Aguablanca Mine, Monesterio, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain</a></div></div><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 287px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-159022.html"><img width="287" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h243-0490544001206883060.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-2264.html">Kotulskite</a>, etc.</b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-3916.html">Key West Mine, Whitney Pocket Basin, Bunkerville District, Virgin Mts, Clark Co., Nevada, USA</a></div></div><div class="userbigpicture noborder" style="float: left; width: 287px;"><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/photo-34003.html"><img width="287" src="/web/20161026033239im_/http://www.mindat.org/arphotos/289h207-0965236001119717405.jpg"></a><div class="userbigpicturecomment"><b><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/min-3067.html">Palladium</a></b><br><br><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-23596.html">Nizhnii Tagil, Sverdlovskaya Oblast', Middle Urals, Urals Region, Russia</a></div></div><div class="clearer"></div></div></td></tr></table><br/><table class="mindattable elebh2" style="width: 100%;"><tr><th class="eleh2">Localities with greatest number of different Palladium mineral species</th></tr><tr><td><div id="elegmap2">map should go here</div><table id="diffminlocs"><tr><th></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-18549.html">Noril'sk, Putoran Plateau, Taimyr Peninsula, Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug, Eastern-Siberian Region, Russia</a></td><td class="nobr"><strong>20</strong> Pd minerals</td></tr><tr><th><b>2</b></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-4432.html">Lukkulaisvaara ultrabasic Massif (Lukkulaisvaara pluton; Lukkulaisvaara layered intrusion), Olanga River (Oulanka River), Oulanka plutonic complex, Northern Karelia, Karelia Republic, Northern Region, Russia</a></td><td class="nobr"><strong>20</strong> Pd minerals</td></tr><tr><th><b>3</b></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-259315.html">Sandsloot mine, Mokopane (Potgietersrus), Waterberg District, Bushveld Complex, Limpopo Province, South Africa</a></td><td class="nobr"><strong>19</strong> Pd minerals</td></tr><tr><th></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-266145.html">Kharaelakh lode, Oktyabr'skoe Cu-Ni deposit (Oktyabr'skoye; Oktyabr'sky), Talnakh Cu-Ni Deposit, Noril'sk, Putoran Plateau, Taimyr Peninsula, Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug, Eastern-Siberian Region, Russia</a></td><td class="nobr"><strong>17</strong> Pd minerals</td></tr><tr><th></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-3883.html">Stillwater Complex, Stillwater Co., Montana, USA</a></td><td class="nobr"><strong>16</strong> Pd minerals</td></tr><tr><th></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-30835.html">Stillwater Mine, Nye, Stillwater Co., Montana, USA</a></td><td class="nobr"><strong>16</strong> Pd minerals</td></tr><tr><th><b>7</b></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-2749.html">Oktyabr'skoe Cu-Ni deposit (Oktyabr'skoye; Oktyabr'sky), Talnakh Cu-Ni Deposit, Noril'sk, Putoran Plateau, Taimyr Peninsula, Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug, Eastern-Siberian Region, Russia</a></td><td class="nobr"><strong>16</strong> Pd minerals</td></tr><tr><th><b>8</b></th><td><a href="/web/20161026033239/http://www.mindat.org/loc-205990.html">Maandagshoek farm, Bushveld Complex, Limpopo Province, South Africa</a></td><td class="nobr"><strong>15</strong> Pd minerals</td></tr></table><script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20161026033239js_/http://maps.google.com/maps/api/js"></script> <script> var map2; $(function() { var c = new google.maps.LatLng(0,0); var bounds2 = new google.maps.LatLngBounds(); var myOptions = { scrollwheel: false, center: c, zoom: 1, mapTypeId: google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP } map2 = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("elegmap2"), myOptions); var pnt = new google.maps.Point(3,30); var image = '/js/markers/purpleblank.png'; var myLatlng = new google.maps.LatLng(66.3088888889,31.0052777778); bounds2.extend(myLatlng); 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Thank you.</br><br> Constants and physical property data from:<br><br> David R. Lide (ed.), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005).<br> Kaye and Laby Tables of Physical & Chemical Constants (2005). Section 3.1.3, Abundances of the elements<br> A. Earnshaw, N. Greenwood, Chemistry of the Elements, 2nd edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, (1997)<br> Thomas J. Ahrens (ed.), Global Earth Physics : A Handbook of Physical Constants, American Geophysical Union (1995)<br> L.B. Railsback, An Earth Scientist's Periodic Table of the Elements and Their Ions : Geology 31:9 p737-740 (2003)<br> Emsley, J. Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. 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Palladium: The mineralogy of Palladium