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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Terminology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terminology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origins_of_herding_dogs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins_of_herding_dogs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Origins of herding dogs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins_of_herding_dogs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physical_characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Physical characteristics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physical_characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_the_modern_world" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_the_modern_world"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In the modern world</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_the_modern_world-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In the modern world subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_the_modern_world-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Competitive_herding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Competitive_herding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Competitive herding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Competitive_herding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basic_herding_dog_commands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basic_herding_dog_commands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Basic herding dog commands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basic_herding_dog_commands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Herding dog</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A9" title="كلب الرعاة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كلب الرعاة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Can_de_chira" title="Can de chira – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Can de chira" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perru_pregueru" title="Perru pregueru – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Perru pregueru" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gos_pastor" title="Gos pastor – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gos pastor" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ov%C4%8D%C3%A1ck%C3%BD_pes" title="Ovčácký pes – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ovčácký pes" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cane_pasturecciu" title="Cane pasturecciu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Cane pasturecciu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyrdehund" title="Hyrdehund – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hyrdehund" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BCtehund" title="Hütehund – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hütehund" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamba-_ja_karjakoerad" title="Lamba- ja karjakoerad – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lamba- ja karjakoerad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%BA%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BF" title="Τσοπανόσκυλο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τσοπανόσκυλο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perro_pastor" title="Perro pastor – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Perro pastor" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%9Dtohundo" title="Paŝtohundo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Paŝtohundo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artzain_txakur" title="Artzain txakur – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Artzain txakur" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%AF_%DA%AF%D9%84%D9%87" title="سگ گله – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سگ گله" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chien_de_berger" title="Chien de berger – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chien de berger" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%A9%EC%96%91%EA%B2%AC" title="목양견 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="목양견" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հովվաշներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հովվաշներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="चरवाहा कुत्ता – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चरवाहा कुत्ता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjing_gembala" title="Anjing gembala – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Anjing gembala" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cane_da_pastore" title="Cane da pastore – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cane da pastore" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%91_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9D" title="כלב רועים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כלב רועים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjing_gembala" title="Anjing gembala – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Anjing gembala" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herdershond" title="Herdershond – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Herdershond" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A7%E7%BE%8A%E7%8A%AC" title="牧羊犬 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="牧羊犬" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A5rehunder" title="Fårehunder – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fårehunder" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjetarhund" title="Gjetarhund – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gjetarhund" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AC%DA%91%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="آجڑی کتا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آجڑی کتا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pies_pasterski" title="Pies pasterski – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pies pasterski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A3o_pastor" title="Cão pastor – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cão pastor" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8,_%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Собаки, управляющие стадом – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Собаки, управляющие стадом" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheepdog" title="Sheepdog – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sheepdog" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paimenkoira" title="Paimenkoira – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Paimenkoira" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vallhund" title="Vallhund – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vallhund" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="மேய்ப்பு நாய் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மேய்ப்பு நாய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87oban_k%C3%B6pe%C4%9Fi" title="Çoban köpeği – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çoban köpeği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A7%E7%BE%8A%E7%8B%97" title="牧羊狗 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="牧羊狗" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A7%E7%BE%8A%E7%8A%AC" title="牧羊犬 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="牧羊犬" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q38967#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of dog used for herding</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a dog trained to protect a herd, see <a href="/wiki/Livestock_guardian_dog" title="Livestock guardian dog">Livestock guardian dog</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Heeler" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Healer_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Healer (disambiguation)">Healer</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kelpie_walking_across_the_backs_of_sheep.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Kelpie_walking_across_the_backs_of_sheep.jpg/220px-Kelpie_walking_across_the_backs_of_sheep.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Kelpie_walking_across_the_backs_of_sheep.jpg/330px-Kelpie_walking_across_the_backs_of_sheep.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Kelpie_walking_across_the_backs_of_sheep.jpg/440px-Kelpie_walking_across_the_backs_of_sheep.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="764" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Australian_Kelpie" title="Australian Kelpie">Australian Kelpie</a> backing sheep.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dylan_Small_Web_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Dylan_Small_Web_view.jpg/220px-Dylan_Small_Web_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Dylan_Small_Web_view.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="261" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Koolie" title="Koolie">Koolie</a> working with <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Herding_Dog_Fairlie_NZ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Herding_Dog_Fairlie_NZ.jpg/220px-Herding_Dog_Fairlie_NZ.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Herding_Dog_Fairlie_NZ.jpg/330px-Herding_Dog_Fairlie_NZ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Herding_Dog_Fairlie_NZ.jpg/440px-Herding_Dog_Fairlie_NZ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Sheepdog transported with <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fairlie,_New_Zealand" title="Fairlie, New Zealand">Fairlie, New Zealand</a></div></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>herding dog</b>, also known as a <b>stock dog</b> or <b>working dog</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Dog_type" title="Dog type">type of dog</a> that either has been trained in <a href="/wiki/Herding" title="Herding">herding</a> <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a> or belongs to one of the <a href="/wiki/Dog_breed" title="Dog breed">breeds</a> that were developed for herding. A dog specifically trained to herd <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a> is known as a <a href="/wiki/Sheep_dog" title="Sheep dog">sheep dog</a> or shepherd dog, and one trained to herd <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a> is known as a cattle dog or cow dog. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herding_behavior">Herding behavior</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herding_dog&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Herding behavior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a complete list of herding breeds, see <a href="/wiki/Sheep_dog" title="Sheep dog">Sheep dog</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Border_Collie_(View_Dan)_9_semaines_sur_canards.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Border_Collie_%28View_Dan%29_9_semaines_sur_canards.jpg/220px-Border_Collie_%28View_Dan%29_9_semaines_sur_canards.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Border_Collie_%28View_Dan%29_9_semaines_sur_canards.jpg/330px-Border_Collie_%28View_Dan%29_9_semaines_sur_canards.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Border_Collie_%28View_Dan%29_9_semaines_sur_canards.jpg/440px-Border_Collie_%28View_Dan%29_9_semaines_sur_canards.jpg 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="333" /></a><figcaption>A nine-week-old <a href="/wiki/Border_Collie" title="Border Collie">Border Collie</a> directing ducks.</figcaption></figure> <p>All <a href="/wiki/Herding" title="Herding">herding</a> behavior is modified <a href="/wiki/Predatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Predatory">predatory</a> behavior. Through selective breeding, humans have been able to minimize the dog's natural inclination to treat cattle and sheep as prey while simultaneously maintaining the dog's hunting skills, thereby creating an effective herding dog.<sup id="cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartnagle-Renna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hartnagle_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartnagle-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dogs can work other animals in a variety of ways. Some breeds, such as the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Cattle_Dog" title="Australian Cattle Dog">Australian Cattle Dog</a>, typically nip at the heels of animals (for this reason they are called <i>heelers</i>) and the <a href="/wiki/Cardigan_Welsh_Corgi" title="Cardigan Welsh Corgi">Cardigan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pembroke_Welsh_Corgi" title="Pembroke Welsh Corgi">Pembroke Welsh Corgis</a> were historically used in a similar fashion in the cattle droves that moved cattle from Wales to the <a href="/wiki/Smithfield_Meat_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithfield Meat Market">Smithfield Meat Market</a> in London but are rarely used for herding today. </p><p>Other breeds, notably the <a href="/wiki/Border_Collie" title="Border Collie">Border Collie</a>, get in front of the animals and use what is called <i>strong eye</i> to stare down the animals;<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> they are known as <i>headers</i>. The <i>headers</i> or fetching dogs keep <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a> in a group. They consistently go to the front or head of the animals to turn or stop the animal's movement. The <i>heelers</i> or driving dogs keep pushing the animals forward. Typically, they stay behind the herd. The <a href="/wiki/Australian_Kelpie" title="Australian Kelpie">Australian Kelpie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australian_Koolie" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Koolie">Australian Koolie</a> use both these methods and also run along the backs of sheep so are said to head, heel, and back.<sup id="cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartnagle-Renna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hartnagle_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartnagle-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hartnagle-Taylor_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartnagle-Taylor-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other types such as the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Shepherd" title="Australian Shepherd">Australian Shepherd</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_Shepherd" title="English Shepherd">English Shepherd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Sheepdog" title="Welsh Sheepdog">Welsh Sheepdog</a> are <i>moderate</i> to <i>loose eyed</i>, working more independently. The <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Huntaway" class="mw-redirect" title="New Zealand Huntaway">New Zealand Huntaway</a> uses its loud, deep bark to muster mobs of sheep.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Malinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgian Malinois">Belgian Malinois</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_Shepherd_Dogs" class="mw-redirect" title="German Shepherd Dogs">German Shepherd Dogs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Briard" title="Briard">Briards</a> are historically <i>tending</i> dogs, who act as a "living fence", guiding large flocks of sheep to graze, while preventing them from eating valuable crops and wandering onto roads. </p><p>Herding instincts and trainability can be measured when introducing a dog to livestock or at noncompetitive herding tests. Individuals exhibiting basic herding instincts can be trained to compete in herding trials.<sup id="cite_ref-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herding_dog&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> herding dogs are known as <i>working dogs</i> irrespective of their breeding.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some herding breeds work well with any kind of animals; others have been bred for generations to work with specific kinds of animals and have developed physical characteristics or styles of working that enhance their ability to handle these animals. Commonly <a href="/wiki/Muster_(livestock)" title="Muster (livestock)">mustered</a> animals include <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goats" class="mw-redirect" title="Goats">goats</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reindeer" title="Reindeer">reindeer</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although it is not unusual for <a href="/wiki/Poultry" title="Poultry">poultry</a> to be handled by dogs.<sup id="cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartnagle-Renna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "herding dog" is sometimes erroneously used to describe <a href="/wiki/Livestock_guardian_dog" title="Livestock guardian dog">livestock guardian dogs</a>, whose primary function is to guard flocks and herds from predation and theft, and they lack the herding instinct. Although herding dogs may guard flocks their primary purpose is to move them; both herding dogs and livestock guardian dogs may be called "sheep dogs". </p><p>In general terms when categorizing dog breeds, herding dogs are considered a subcategory of <a href="/wiki/Working_dog" title="Working dog">working dogs</a>, but for <a href="/wiki/Conformation_show" class="mw-redirect" title="Conformation show">conformation shows</a> they usually form a separate group. </p><p>Australia has the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Cattle_station" title="Cattle station">cattle stations</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheep_station" title="Sheep station">sheep stations</a> and some of the best-known herding dogs, such as the <a href="/wiki/Koolie" title="Koolie">Koolie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australian_kelpie" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian kelpie">Kelpie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australian_Cattle_Dog" title="Australian Cattle Dog">Red and Blue Heelers</a> are bred and found there. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins_of_herding_dogs">Origins of herding dogs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herding_dog&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Origins of herding dogs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Creating herding dog breeds is associated with the development of cattle breeding. Domestication of sheep and goats began in the 8–7th millennium BC. Originally this process began in <a href="/wiki/Western_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Asia">Western Asia</a>, on the territory of modern <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>. Shepherding was a difficult task: primitive herders did not have horses and moved their cattle for grazing on foot as horses and donkeys were not yet fully domesticated and obedient enough. Dogs that were previously helping humans in hunting, became assistants in livestock maintenance. The main task for dogs in the early stages of cattle breeding was protecting herds from a variety of wild predators, that were very numerous.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_-_Relief_of_a_Herdsman_-_Walters_2319.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Roman_-_Relief_of_a_Herdsman_-_Walters_2319.jpg/220px-Roman_-_Relief_of_a_Herdsman_-_Walters_2319.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Roman_-_Relief_of_a_Herdsman_-_Walters_2319.jpg/330px-Roman_-_Relief_of_a_Herdsman_-_Walters_2319.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Roman_-_Relief_of_a_Herdsman_-_Walters_2319.jpg/440px-Roman_-_Relief_of_a_Herdsman_-_Walters_2319.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1699" /></a><figcaption>Roman relief of a Herdsman</figcaption></figure> <p>This function predetermined herding dogs' characteristics: they had to be strong, vicious, courageous, decisive, able to stand alone against a large predator and, most importantly, ready to defend their herd. The history of the ancestors of herding dogs can be traced back to six thousand years ago, archaeological findings of the joint remains of sheep and dogs date back to 3685 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The place of their origin is considered to be the territories of modern <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, Iraq and <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>. Shepherd dogs are mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a>, the writings of <a href="/wiki/Cato_the_Elder" title="Cato the Elder">Cato the Elder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Terentius_Varro" title="Marcus Terentius Varro">Varro</a>, their images are found in works of art created more than two thousand years ago. These dogs were used not only to guard herds, but also for military purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the regions of Western Asia, herding spread to west and north, followed by an increase in the number of domestic animals. On the territory of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, the progenitors of herding dogs appeared in the 6th to 7th centuries BC. According to archaeological research, cattle breeding and agriculture spread across Europe in different ways: along the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> rivers to the territory of modern <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, northern <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, through the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a>, up the <a href="/wiki/Rh%C3%B4ne" title="Rhône">Rhone</a> to central and southwestern France.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The development of agriculture, increasing number of settlements and foundation of cities have led to a decrease in the number of predators. After the extinction of large predators in most of Europe and <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>, with the massive spread of sheep breeding and with an increase in the share of cultivated and populated land, the main task of herding dogs was to protect crops, private and protected areas from harm during grazing and moving herds. Shepherd dogs were more suitable for this work than larger and stronger breeds, being medium-sized and mobile. Such dogs managed small and large livestock, as well as domestic birds. In addition to the Central European type of shepherd, another type of dog has emerged, often with thick hair, more suitable for colder areas. These dogs have shown not only the ability to manage the herd, but also to protect it. With the spread of reindeer breeding among the northern peoples, hunting <a href="/wiki/Spitz" title="Spitz">spitz</a>-like dogs were "retrained" into shepherds.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most breeds of Central European shepherd dogs – with erect ears and short hair on the head, similar to wolves, were mainly formed in the 16th to 17th centuries, the breeds of curly-haired dogs of the Northern European type were formed later.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physical_characteristics">Physical characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herding_dog&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Physical characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the selection process, the physical characteristics of the dogs were formed, allowing them to do their job in the best possible way. Regardless of the conditions in which herding dogs work and what function they perform, they all have a number of common characteristics. Herding dogs are strong and have a lot of stamina. Their paws are well protected from thorns and sharp stones: toes are compressed into a tight lump, paw pads are thick, claws are strong. The coat has structure and density to protect from getting wet and temperature extremes common in the region of the breed origin. All herding dogs have excellent eyesight and hearing. Cattle dog colors are varied and depend on local breeders' preferences, but all herding dogs should have well-pigmented eyelids, lips, nose and paw pads, because pink skin is too delicate and prone to wounds and sunburn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_modern_world">In the modern world</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herding_dog&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In the modern world"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AustralianShepherdBrutus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/AustralianShepherdBrutus.jpg/220px-AustralianShepherdBrutus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/AustralianShepherdBrutus.jpg/330px-AustralianShepherdBrutus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/AustralianShepherdBrutus.jpg/440px-AustralianShepherdBrutus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2248" /></a><figcaption>Originally used solely as a herding dog, the Australian Shepherd has become one of the most popular companion dog breeds in North America.</figcaption></figure> <p>In countries where herding is preserved, herding dogs continue to work for their main purpose and are appreciated as effective and even irreplaceable helpers that can save labor costs and avoid investments in expensive equipment. Economic studies in Australia have shown that herding dogs are worth more than five times their cost, including training and maintenance. Meanwhile, the popularity and the number of herding dogs are growing, and the scope of work for them is narrowing.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 21st century herding dogs are often chosen as family <a href="/wiki/Pet" title="Pet">pets</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Collie" title="Collie">collie</a> breeds including the <a href="/wiki/Bearded_Collie" title="Bearded Collie">Bearded Collie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Border_Collie" title="Border Collie">Border Collie</a> are well known, as are the Australian kelpie and Australian Working kelpie, Welsh <a href="/wiki/Corgis" class="mw-redirect" title="Corgis">Corgis</a>. They make good family dogs and are at their best when they have a job to do.<sup id="cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartnagle-Renna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These dogs have been <a href="/wiki/Selective_breeding" title="Selective breeding">bred</a> as <a href="/wiki/Working_dog" title="Working dog">working dogs</a> and need to be physically and mentally active. They retain their herding instincts and may sometimes nip at people's heels or bump them in an effort to 'herd' their family, and may need to be trained not to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartnagle-Renna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their activity level and intelligence makes them excellent canine athletes. The <a href="/wiki/Australian_Shepherd" title="Australian Shepherd">Australian Shepherd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shetland_Sheepdog" title="Shetland Sheepdog">Shetland Sheepdog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rough_Collie" title="Rough Collie">Rough Collie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smooth_Collie" title="Smooth Collie">Smooth Collie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Old_English_Sheepdog" title="Old English Sheepdog">Old English Sheepdog</a> are more popular as family companion dogs.<sup id="cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartnagle-Renna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dogs of herding breeds now often live in urban or suburban neighbourhoods. Their owners need to maintain their physical and mental health, taking into consideration their herding instinct and qualities. The services of dog-trainers are in demand, along with the training centres for working and sporting herding dogs, offering sheep rental and walks in the pasture. Dogs living in the suburbs and villages can work with small groups of animals or poultry. Sometimes owners even buy a few sheep so that their dogs can enjoy what they were originally bred for.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The combination of quick learning ability, physical strength, endurance, predatory behavior with dedication to the owner and a desire to work has led to the widespread use of large European Shepherds for a number of other civil and military jobs. These are the most common police and military dogs employed in the guard, search, rescue and other types of services.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The modern world presents people with new tasks, which are successfully solved with the help of dogs. For example, in the United States, legally protected geese often pose serious problems for life and work. Here, border collies and other strong-eyed herding dogs are used to patrol crops, residential and recreational areas, parks, beaches, golf courses and, above all, airports. Protection from birds with the help of herding dogs turned out to be the most effective and only easily implemented way: walking through the patrolled area several times a day, the dogs force the geese to settle in places where they cause less trouble, while the nature is not being harmed.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All shepherd dogs are born athletes. Their high need for physical and intellectual activity can be replenished not only by sports grazing, but also by other types of cynological sports. Border Collies as owners of outstanding sports qualities, Belgian Shepherds, Australian Shepherds invariably occupy leading positions in agility, flyball, frisbee, dog dancing, obedience. At the same time, in service, sport and show dogs of herding breeds that do not interact with livestock, the herding instinct is gradually weakened.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Competitive_herding">Competitive herding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herding_dog&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Competitive herding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Highland_games_dog_herding_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Highland_games_dog_herding_1.JPG/220px-Highland_games_dog_herding_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Highland_games_dog_herding_1.JPG/330px-Highland_games_dog_herding_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Highland_games_dog_herding_1.JPG/440px-Highland_games_dog_herding_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3488" data-file-height="2616" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Highland_games" title="Highland games">Highland games</a> dog herding</figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sheepdog_trial" title="Sheepdog trial">Sheepdog trial</a></div> <p>The competitive <a href="/wiki/List_of_dog_sports" title="List of dog sports">dog sport</a> in which herding dogs move animals around a field, fences, gates, or enclosures as directed by their handlers is called a <i><a href="/wiki/Sheepdog_trial" title="Sheepdog trial">sheepdog trial</a></i>, <i>herding test</i> or <i>stockdog trial</i> depending on the area.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such events are particularly associated with hill farming areas, where <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a> range widely on largely <a href="/wiki/Fence" title="Fence">unfenced</a> land. These trials are popular in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other farming nations, and have occasionally even become primetime television fare.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the US, regular events are run by the United States Border Collie Handler's Association, Australian Shepherd Club of America, American Kennel Club and many others.<sup id="cite_ref-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The world record price for a working sheep dog was broken February 2011 at the auction at <a href="/wiki/Skipton" title="Skipton">Skipton</a> Market, England, with £6,300 ($10,270) for Dewi Fan. The previous record was £5,145 ($8,390)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basic_herding_dog_commands">Basic herding dog commands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herding_dog&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Basic herding dog commands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KeepstoneFetchcropped.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/KeepstoneFetchcropped.JPG/220px-KeepstoneFetchcropped.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/KeepstoneFetchcropped.JPG/330px-KeepstoneFetchcropped.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/KeepstoneFetchcropped.JPG 2x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="180" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Border_Collie" title="Border Collie">Border Collie</a> at work with hair sheep.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Come by</b> or just <b>by</b> - go to the left of the stock, or clockwise around them.</li> <li><b>Away to me</b>, or just <b>away</b> or <b>way</b> - go to the right of the stock, or counterclockwise around them.</li> <li><b>Stand</b> - stop, although when said gently may also mean just to slow down.</li> <li><b>Wait</b>, <b>(lie) down</b> or <b>sit</b> or <b>stay</b> - stop, but remain with that contact on the stock...do not take it off by leaving.</li> <li><b>Steady</b> or <b>take time</b> - slow down.</li> <li><b>Cast</b> - gather the stock into a group. Good working dogs will cast over a large area. This is not a command but an attribute.</li> <li><b>Find</b> - search for stock. A good dog will hold the stock until the <a href="/wiki/Shepherd" title="Shepherd">shepherd</a> arrives. Some will bark when the stock have been located.</li> <li><b>Get out</b> or <b>back</b> - move away from the stock. Used when the dog is working too close to the stock, potentially causing the stock stress. Occasionally used as a reprimand.</li> <li><b>Keep away</b> or <b>keep</b> - Used by some handlers as a direction and a distance from the sheep.</li> <li><b>Hold</b> - keep stock where they are.</li> <li><b>Bark</b> or <b>speak up</b> - bark at stock. Useful when more force is needed, and usually not essential for working cattle and sheep.</li> <li><b>Look back</b> - return for a missed animal. Also used after a shed is completed and rejoined the flock or packet of sheep.</li> <li><b>In here</b> or <b>here</b> - go through a gap in the flock. Used when separating stock.</li> <li><b>Walk up</b>, <b>walk on</b> or just <b>walk</b> - move in closer to the stock.</li> <li><b>That will do</b> - stop working and return to handler.</li></ul> <p>These commands may be indicated by a hand movement, whistle or voice. There are many other commands that are also used when working stock and in general use away from stock. Herding dog commands are generally taught using livestock as the modus operandi. Urban owners without access to livestock are able to teach basic commands through herding games.<sup id="cite_ref-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These are not the only commands used: there are many variations. When whistles are used, each individual dog usually has a different set of commands to avoid confusion when several dogs are being worked at one time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herding_dog&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dogs_(Protection_of_Livestock)_Act_1953" title="Dogs (Protection of Livestock) Act 1953">Dogs (Protection of Livestock) Act 1953</a> – United Kingdom legislation<span style="display:none" class="category-wikidata-fallback-annotation">Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback</span> (in the UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livestock_guardian_dog" title="Livestock guardian dog">Livestock guardian dog</a> – Dog type bred for the purpose of protecting livestock from predators</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_dog" title="Working dog">Working dog</a> – Dog trained to perform practical tasks</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herding_dog&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Hartnagle-Renna-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hartnagle-Renna_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRenna2008" class="citation book cs1">Renna, Christine Hartnagle (2008). <i>Herding Dogs: Selection and Training the Working Farm Dog</i>. Kennel Club Books (KCB). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59378-737-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59378-737-0"><bdi>978-1-59378-737-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Herding+Dogs%3A+Selection+and+Training+the+Working+Farm+Dog&rft.pub=Kennel+Club+Books+%28KCB%29&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-59378-737-0&rft.aulast=Renna&rft.aufirst=Christine+Hartnagle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hartnagle-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hartnagle_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hartnagle_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartnagle" class="citation book cs1">Hartnagle, Jeanne Joy. <i>Herding I, II, III</i>. Canine Training Systems (CTS).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Herding+I%2C+II%2C+III&rft.pub=Canine+Training+Systems+%28CTS%29&rft.aulast=Hartnagle&rft.aufirst=Jeanne+Joy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teara.govt.nz/en/farm-dogs/1">"Heading dogs, huntaways and all-purpose dogs"</a>, Te Ara</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hartnagle-Taylor-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hartnagle-Taylor_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartnagle-Taylor2005" class="citation book cs1">Hartnagle-Taylor, Jeanne Joy (2005). <i>All About Aussies</i>. Alpine Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57779-074-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-57779-074-X"><bdi>1-57779-074-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+About+Aussies&rft.pub=Alpine+Publications&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-57779-074-X&rft.aulast=Hartnagle-Taylor&rft.aufirst=Jeanne+Joy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.raisingsheep.net/sheep-herding-dogs.html">"Sheep Herding Dogs"</a>. <i>RaisingSheep.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RaisingSheep.net&rft.atitle=Sheep+Herding+Dogs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.raisingsheep.net%2Fsheep-herding-dogs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Taylor_and_Hartnagle-Taylor_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartnagle-TaylorTaylor2010" class="citation book cs1">Hartnagle-Taylor, Jeanne Joy; Taylor, Ty (2010). <i>Stockdog Savvy</i>. Alpine Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57779-106-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57779-106-5"><bdi>978-1-57779-106-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stockdog+Savvy&rft.pub=Alpine+Publications&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-57779-106-5&rft.aulast=Hartnagle-Taylor&rft.aufirst=Jeanne+Joy&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Ty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/1966/D/DogsWorking/en">"DOGS, WORKING"</a>, 1966, <i>An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHancock2014" class="citation book cs1">Hancock, David (2014-08-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QijDBAAAQBAJ"><i>Dogs of the Shepherds: A Review of the Pastoral Breeds</i></a>. Crowood. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84797-809-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84797-809-7"><bdi>978-1-84797-809-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dogs+of+the+Shepherds%3A+A+Review+of+the+Pastoral+Breeds&rft.pub=Crowood&rft.date=2014-08-31&rft.isbn=978-1-84797-809-7&rft.aulast=Hancock&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQijDBAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrandin2007" class="citation book cs1">Grandin, Temple (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GhmrNYJhcrIC"><i>Livestock Handling and Transport</i></a>. CABI. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84593-220-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84593-220-6"><bdi>978-1-84593-220-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Livestock+Handling+and+Transport&rft.pub=CABI&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84593-220-6&rft.aulast=Grandin&rft.aufirst=Temple&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGhmrNYJhcrIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSerpellSerpellBarrett1995" class="citation book cs1">Serpell, James; Serpell, Professor of Humane Ethics & Animal Welfare James; Barrett, Priscilla (1995-09-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I8HU_3ycrrEC&dq=%22herding+dogs%22&pg=PA21"><i>The Domestic Dog: Its Evolution, Behaviour and Interactions with People</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-42537-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-42537-7"><bdi>978-0-521-42537-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Domestic+Dog%3A+Its+Evolution%2C+Behaviour+and+Interactions+with+People&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1995-09-21&rft.isbn=978-0-521-42537-7&rft.aulast=Serpell&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Serpell%2C+Professor+of+Humane+Ethics+%26+Animal+Welfare+James&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Priscilla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI8HU_3ycrrEC%26dq%3D%2522herding%2Bdogs%2522%26pg%3DPA21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnottEarlyWadeMcGreevy2014" class="citation journal cs1">Arnott, E.; Early, J.; Wade, C.; McGreevy, P. (2014-05-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/spwawel/2">"Estimating the Economic Value of Australian Stock Herding Dogs"</a>. <i>Sport and Working Animal Welfare Collection</i>. <b>23</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">189–</span>197. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7120%2F09627286.23.2.189">10.7120/09627286.23.2.189</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sport+and+Working+Animal+Welfare+Collection&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+Economic+Value+of+Australian+Stock+Herding+Dogs&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E189-%3C%2Fspan%3E197&rft.date=2014-05-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7120%2F09627286.23.2.189&rft.aulast=Arnott&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.au=Early%2C+J.&rft.au=Wade%2C+C.&rft.au=McGreevy%2C+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org%2Fspwawel%2F2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartnagle-TaylorTaylor2019" class="citation book cs1">Hartnagle-Taylor, Jeanne Joy; Taylor, Ty (2019-05-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ecSaDwAAQBAJ"><i>Stockdog Savvy</i></a>. Dogwise Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61781-251-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61781-251-4"><bdi>978-1-61781-251-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stockdog+Savvy&rft.pub=Dogwise+Publishing&rft.date=2019-05-17&rft.isbn=978-1-61781-251-4&rft.aulast=Hartnagle-Taylor&rft.aufirst=Jeanne+Joy&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Ty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DecSaDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRenna2012" class="citation book cs1">Renna, Christine Hartnagle (2012-04-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4LcJBgAAQBAJ&dq=farm+dog&pg=PA10"><i>Herding Dogs: Selecting and Training the Working Farm Dog</i></a>. Fox Chapel Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59378-653-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59378-653-3"><bdi>978-1-59378-653-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Herding+Dogs%3A+Selecting+and+Training+the+Working+Farm+Dog&rft.pub=Fox+Chapel+Publishing&rft.date=2012-04-10&rft.isbn=978-1-59378-653-3&rft.aulast=Renna&rft.aufirst=Christine+Hartnagle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4LcJBgAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dfarm%2Bdog%26pg%3DPA10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://caninechronicle.com/current-articles/nordic-herding-dogs/">"Nordic Herding Dogs"</a>. <i>Canine Chronicle</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canine+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Nordic+Herding+Dogs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcaninechronicle.com%2Fcurrent-articles%2Fnordic-herding-dogs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGompper2013" class="citation book cs1">Gompper, Matthew E. (2013-10-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MdPDAQAAQBAJ&q=farm+dogs"><i>Free-Ranging Dogs and Wildlife Conservation</i></a>. OUP Oxford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-164011-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-164011-7"><bdi>978-0-19-164011-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Free-Ranging+Dogs+and+Wildlife+Conservation&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2013-10-17&rft.isbn=978-0-19-164011-7&rft.aulast=Gompper&rft.aufirst=Matthew+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMdPDAQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dfarm%2Bdogs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHerding+dog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Border Collie Handler's Association events are referred to as <a href="/wiki/Sheepdog_trials" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheepdog trials">sheepdog trials</a> or cowdog trials. Australian Shepherd Club of America trials are referred to as stockdog trials. Competitions sponsored by the American Kennel Club <a href="/wiki/American_Kennel_Club" title="American Kennel Club">AKC</a> are known as <a href="/wiki/Herding" title="Herding">herding</a> events.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/dogs-sheep-dog-trials/1">"New Zealanders began this unusual sport ... in 1889"</a> An Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1966</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzonscreen.com/title/a-dogs-show-1981/overview"><i>"A Dog's Show"</i></a>, 1981, TVNZ</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://admin.ccmauctions.com/uploads/110211.dog%20results.pdf">World record price broken again at Skipton working dogs sale. pdf</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herding_dog&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Domestic_dog" title="Template:Domestic dog"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Domestic_dog" title="Template talk:Domestic dog"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Domestic_dog" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Domestic dog"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dogs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">Dogs</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; background:#d3bf9d;"><a href="/wiki/Dog_type" title="Dog type">Types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_village_dog" title="African village dog">African village dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free-ranging_dog" title="Free-ranging dog">Free-ranging dog</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pye-dog" title="Pye-dog">Pye-dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_dog" class="mw-redirect" title="Street dog">Street dog</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairless_dog" title="Hairless dog">Hairless dog</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Herding dog</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collie" title="Collie">Collie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livestock_guardian_dog" title="Livestock guardian dog">Livestock guardian dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheep_dog" title="Sheep dog">Sheep dog</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting_dog" title="Hunting dog">Hunting dog</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cur" title="Cur">Cur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feist_(dog_breed)" title="Feist (dog breed)">Feist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lurcher" title="Lurcher">Lurcher</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_dog" title="Gun dog">Gun dog</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pointing_dog" title="Pointing dog">Pointer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retriever" title="Retriever">Retriever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setter" title="Setter">Setter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaniel" title="Spaniel">Spaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_dog" title="Water dog">Water dog</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hound" title="Hound">Hound</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scent_hound" title="Scent hound">Scenthound</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basset" title="Basset">Basset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coonhound" title="Coonhound">Coonhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxhound" title="Foxhound">Foxhound</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sighthound" title="Sighthound">Sighthound</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Longdog" title="Longdog">Longdog</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrier" title="Terrier">Terrier</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bull_and_terrier" title="Bull and terrier">Bull-type terrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinscher" title="Pinscher">Pinscher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schnauzer" title="Schnauzer">Schnauzer</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastiff" title="Mastiff">Mastiff</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulldog_type" title="Bulldog type">Bulldog</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitz" title="Spitz">Spitz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Husky" title="Husky">Husky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laika_(dog_type)" title="Laika (dog type)">Laika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugou" title="Tugou">Tugou</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_dog" title="Toy dog">Toy dog</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bichon" title="Bichon">Bichon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnspit_dog" title="Turnspit dog">Turnspit dog</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; background:#d3bf9d;"><a href="/wiki/Dog_breed" title="Dog breed">Breeds</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dog_breeds" title="List of dog breeds">List of breeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dog_crossbreeds" title="List of dog crossbreeds">List of crossbreeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongrel" title="Mongrel">Mixed-breed dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_crossbreed" title="Dog crossbreed">Crossbreed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extinct_dog_breeds" title="List of extinct dog breeds">Extinct breeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_popular_dog_breeds_in_the_United_States" title="List of most popular dog breeds in the United States">Most popular</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; background:#d3bf9d;">Roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistance_dog" title="Assistance dog">Assistance dog</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autism_assistance_dog" title="Autism assistance dog">Autism dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guide_dog" title="Guide dog">Guide dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hearing_dog" title="Hearing dog">Hearing dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_response_dog" title="Medical response dog">Medical response dog</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seizure_response_dog" title="Seizure response dog">Seizure dog</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobility_assistance_dog" title="Mobility assistance dog">Mobility assistance dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therapy_dog" title="Therapy dog">Therapy dog</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psychiatric_assistance_dog" title="Psychiatric assistance dog">Psychiatric assistance dog</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_dog" title="Attack dog">Attack dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_dog" title="Bay dog">Bay dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carriage_dog" title="Carriage dog">Carriage dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_dog" title="Catch dog">Catch dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companion_dog" title="Companion dog">Companion dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detection_dog" title="Detection dog">Detection dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_fighting" title="Dog fighting">Fighting dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guard_dog" title="Guard dog">Guard dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lap_dog" title="Lap dog">Lap dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_meat" title="Dog meat">Meat dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercy_dog" title="Mercy dog">Mercy dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_dog" title="Police dog">Police dog</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Worldwide_usage_of_police_dogs" title="Worldwide usage of police dogs">usage by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue_dog" title="Search and rescue dog">Search and rescue dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sled_dog" title="Sled dog">Sled dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogs_in_warfare" title="Dogs in warfare">War dog</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; background:#d3bf9d;"><a href="/wiki/Dog_behavior" title="Dog behavior">Behavior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dog_communication" title="Dog communication">Communication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bark_(sound)" title="Bark (sound)">Barking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_language_of_dogs" title="Body language of dogs">Body language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howling" title="Howling">Howling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_intelligence" title="Dog intelligence">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat%E2%80%93dog_relationship" title="Cat–dog relationship">Dog–cat relationship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; background:#d3bf9d;">Human–dog<br />interaction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_testing_on_dogs" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal testing on dogs">Animal testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baiting_(blood_sport)" title="Baiting (blood sport)">Baiting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breed-specific_legislation" title="Breed-specific legislation">Breed-specific legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynanthropy" title="Cynanthropy">Cynanthropy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_bite" title="Dog bite">Dog bite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_daycare" title="Dog daycare">Dog daycare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_fighting" title="Dog fighting">Dog fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_food" title="Dog food">Dog food</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dog_biscuit" title="Dog biscuit">dog biscuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_pet_food_recalls" title="2007 pet food recalls">2007 recalls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_grooming" title="Dog grooming">Dog grooming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogs_in_religion" title="Dogs in religion">Dogs in religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_space_dogs" title="Soviet space dogs">Dogs in space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_licence" title="Dog licence">Dog licence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_meat" title="Dog meat">Dog meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_park" title="Dog park">Dog park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_show" title="Dog show">Dog show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_theft" title="Dog theft">Dog theft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dog_sports" title="List of dog sports">Dog sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_walking" title="Dog walking">Dog walking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynophobia" title="Cynophobia">Fear of dogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human%E2%80%93canine_bond" title="Human–canine bond">Human–canine bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestication_of_the_dog" title="Domestication of the dog">Origin of the domestic dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therapy_dog" title="Therapy dog">Therapy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; background:#d3bf9d;"><a href="/wiki/Dog_health" title="Dog health">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_in_dogs" title="Aging in dogs">Aging</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_longest-living_dogs" title="List of longest-living dogs">List of longest-living dogs</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_anatomy" title="Dog anatomy">Anatomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_breeding" title="Dog breeding">Breeding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_coat" title="Dog coat">Coat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conformation_(dog)" title="Conformation (dog)">Conformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dog_diseases" title="List of dog diseases">Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_food" title="Dog food">Dog food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_odor" title="Dog odor">Odor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabies_in_animals" title="Rabies in animals">Rabies in animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rage_syndrome" title="Rage syndrome">Rage syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canine_reproduction" title="Canine reproduction">Reproduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_skin_disorders" title="Dog skin disorders">Skin disorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccination_of_dogs" title="Vaccination of dogs">Vaccination</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; background:#d3bf9d;"><a href="/wiki/Dog_training" title="Dog training">Training</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clicker_training" title="Clicker training">Clicker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crate_training" title="Crate training">Crate training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housebreaking" title="Housebreaking">Housebreaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialization_of_animals" title="Socialization of animals">Socialization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; background:#d3bf9d;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domesticated_silver_fox" title="Domesticated silver fox">Domesticated silver fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_individual_dogs" title="List of individual dogs">List of individual dogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_dogs" title="List of fictional dogs">List of fictional dogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_dogs" title="Lists of dogs">Lists of dogs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background:#c3b091; font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Dogs" title="Category:Dogs">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Dogs" 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href="/wiki/Australian_Stumpy_Tail_Cattle_Dog" title="Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog">Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_Shepherd_Dog" title="Basque Shepherd Dog">Basque Shepherd Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bearded_Collie" title="Bearded Collie">Bearded Collie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beauceron" title="Beauceron">Beauceron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Shepherd" title="Belgian Shepherd">Belgian Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergamasco_Shepherd" title="Bergamasco Shepherd">Bergamasco Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berger_Picard" title="Berger Picard">Berger Picard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Lacy" title="Blue Lacy">Blue Lacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Shepherd" title="Bohemian Shepherd">Bohemian Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Collie" title="Border Collie">Border Collie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouvier_des_Ardennes" title="Bouvier des Ardennes">Bouvier des Ardennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouvier_des_Flandres" title="Bouvier des Flandres">Bouvier des Flandres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briard" title="Briard">Briard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Can_de_Chira" title="Can de Chira">Can de Chira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cane_Lupino_del_Gigante" class="mw-redirect" title="Cane Lupino del Gigante">Cane Lupino del Gigante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cane_di_Oropa" class="mw-redirect" title="Cane di Oropa">Cane di Oropa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cane_Toccatore" class="mw-redirect" title="Cane Toccatore">Cane Toccatore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A3o_da_Serra_de_Aires" class="mw-redirect" title="Cão da Serra de Aires">Cão da Serra de Aires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardigan_Welsh_Corgi" title="Cardigan Welsh Corgi">Cardigan Welsh Corgi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carea_Castellano_Manchego" class="mw-redirect" title="Carea Castellano Manchego">Carea Castellano Manchego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carea_Leon%C3%A9s" title="Carea Leonés">Carea Leonés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catahoula_Leopard_Dog" title="Catahoula Leopard Dog">Catahoula Leopard Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_Sheepdog" title="Catalan Sheepdog">Catalan Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rough_Collie" title="Rough Collie">Collie (Rough)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smooth_Collie" title="Smooth Collie">Collie (Smooth)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Sheepdog" title="Croatian Sheepdog">Croatian Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Shepherd" title="Dutch Shepherd">Dutch Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Shepherd" title="English Shepherd">English Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroese_Sheepdog" title="Faroese Sheepdog">Faroese Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Lapphund" title="Finnish Lapphund">Finnish Lapphund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Can_de_Palleiro" title="Can de Palleiro">Galician Palleiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garafian_Shepherd" class="mw-redirect" title="Garafian Shepherd">Garafian Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaucho_sheepdog" title="Gaucho sheepdog">Gaucho sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Shepherd" title="German Shepherd">German Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntaway" title="Huntaway">Huntaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Sheepdog" title="Icelandic Sheepdog">Icelandic Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Shepherd" class="mw-redirect" title="King Shepherd">King Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koolie" title="Koolie">Koolie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancashire_Heeler" title="Lancashire Heeler">Lancashire Heeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapponian_Herder" title="Lapponian Herder">Lapponian Herder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magellan_sheep_dog" class="mw-redirect" title="Magellan sheep dog">Magellan sheep dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McNab_dog" title="McNab dog">McNab dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniature_American_Shepherd" title="Miniature American Shepherd">Miniature American Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudi" title="Mudi">Mudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nenets_Herding_Laika" title="Nenets Herding Laika">Nenets Herding Laika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Heading_Dog" title="New Zealand Heading Dog">New Zealand Heading Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Buhund" title="Norwegian Buhund">Norwegian Buhund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_English_Sheepdog" title="Old English Sheepdog">Old English Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_German_herding_dogs" title="Old German herding dogs">Old German Herding Dogs (Altdeutsche)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastore_della_Lessinia_e_del_Lagorai" title="Pastore della Lessinia e del Lagorai">Pastore della Lessinia e del Lagorai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembroke_Welsh_Corgi" title="Pembroke Welsh Corgi">Pembroke Welsh Corgi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Lowland_Sheepdog" title="Polish Lowland Sheepdog">Polish Lowland Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Sheepdog" title="Portuguese Sheepdog">Portuguese Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puli_dog" title="Puli dog">Puli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumi_dog" title="Pumi dog">Pumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrenean_Sheepdog" title="Pyrenean Sheepdog">Pyrenean Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardinian_Shepherd_Dog" title="Sardinian Shepherd Dog">Sardinian Shepherd Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schapendoes" title="Schapendoes">Schapendoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schipperke" title="Schipperke">Schipperke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Sheepdog" title="Shetland Sheepdog">Shetland Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Me%C4%91imurje_Dog" title="Small Međimurje Dog">Small Međimurje Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithfield_(dog)" title="Smithfield (dog)">Smithfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Water_Dog" title="Spanish Water Dog">Spanish Water Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Lapphund" title="Swedish Lapphund">Swedish Lapphund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Vallhund" title="Swedish Vallhund">Swedish Vallhund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Terrier" title="Tibetan Terrier">Tibetan Terrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Sheepdog" title="Welsh Sheepdog">Welsh Sheepdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Shepherd" title="White Shepherd">White Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Swiss_Shepherd_Dog" title="White Swiss Shepherd Dog">White Swiss Shepherd Dog</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Working_animals" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Working_animals" title="Template:Working animals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Working_animals" title="Template talk:Working animals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Working_animals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Working animals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Working_animals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Working_animal" title="Working animal">Working animals</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">Dog</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistance_dog" title="Assistance dog">Assistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detection_dog" title="Detection dog">Detection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drafting_dog" title="Drafting dog">Drafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guard_dog" title="Guard dog">Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guide_dog" title="Guide dog">Guide</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Herding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting_dog" title="Hunting dog">Hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livestock_guardian_dog" title="Livestock guardian dog">Livestock guardian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercy_dog" title="Mercy dog">Mercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_working_dog" class="mw-redirect" title="Military working dog">Military working</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_dog" title="Police dog">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue_dog" title="Search and rescue dog">Search and rescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sled_dog" title="Sled dog">Sled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therapy_dog" title="Therapy dog">Therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_dog" title="Working dog">Working</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toledo_man_oxen_3c08654v_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Toledo_man_oxen_3c08654v_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Toledo_man_oxen_3c08654v_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Toledo_man_oxen_3c08654v_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Toledo_man_oxen_3c08654v_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Toledo_man_oxen_3c08654v_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Toledo_man_oxen_3c08654v_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Horse" title="Horse">Horse</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draft_horse" title="Draft horse">Draft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_(horse)" title="Driving (horse)">Driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guide_horse" title="Guide horse">Guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_horse" title="Municipal horse">Municipal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packhorse" title="Packhorse">Packhorse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pit_pony" title="Pit pony">Pit pony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riding_horse" title="Riding horse">Riding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_horse" title="Stock horse">Stock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other species</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_elephant" title="Asian elephant">Asian elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_cattle" title="Bali cattle">Bali cattle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camel" title="Camel">Camel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bactrian_camel" title="Bactrian camel">Bactrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dromedary" title="Dromedary">Dromedary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donkey" title="Donkey">Donkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gayal" title="Gayal">Gayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llama" title="Llama">Llama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mule" title="Mule">Mule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ox" title="Ox">Ox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reindeer" title="Reindeer">Reindeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truffle_hog" title="Truffle hog">Truffle hog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_buffalo" title="Water buffalo">Water buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_rat" title="Working rat">Working rat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yak" title="Yak">Yak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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