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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Lucius+Septimius%22">"Lucius Septimius"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Lucius+Septimius%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Lucius+Septimius%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Lucius+Septimius%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Lucius+Septimius%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Lucius+Septimius%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caesar-07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Caesar-07.jpg/220px-Caesar-07.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Caesar-07.jpg/330px-Caesar-07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Caesar-07.jpg/440px-Caesar-07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="784" data-file-height="516" /></a><figcaption>Septimius (in armour) strikes Pompey from behind. 1880 illustration</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Lucius Septimius</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman</a> soldier and mercenary who is principally remembered as one of the assassins of the triumvir <a href="/wiki/Pompey" title="Pompey">Pompey the Great</a>. At the time of the assassination in 48 BC, Septimius was serving the <a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_Kingdom" title="Ptolemaic Kingdom">Ptolemies of Egypt</a> as a mercenary. He was dispatched with orders to murder Pompey by <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XIII_Theos_Philopator" title="Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator">Ptolemy XIII</a>'s advisors who wanted to win the favour of <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> for their king. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Septimius&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Septimius had served under Pompey in his eastern campaign in the 60s BC, and he was in the army with which <a href="/wiki/Aulus_Gabinius" title="Aulus Gabinius">Aulus Gabinius</a> restored Cleopatra's father <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XII_Auletes" title="Ptolemy XII Auletes">Ptolemy XII Auletes</a> to the throne in 55 BC. He had stayed in <a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_Kingdom" title="Ptolemaic Kingdom">Egypt</a> as part of a mercenary garrison, known as the <a href="/wiki/Gabiniani" title="Gabiniani">Gabiniani</a>, to support the king.<sup id="cite_ref-cae_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cae-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i><a href="/wiki/Commentarii_de_Bello_Civili" title="Commentarii de Bello Civili">Commentarii de Bello Civili</a></i>, Caesar refers to him as a "military tribune".<sup id="cite_ref-cae_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cae-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Septimius was a leading figure among the Gabiniani. When Pompey fled to Egypt in 48 BC following his defeat by <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pharsalus" title="Battle of Pharsalus">Battle of Pharsalus</a>, Pompey hoped to gain their support along with that of the new Egyptian king <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XIII_Theos_Philopator" title="Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator">Ptolemy XIII</a>, having been friends with Egypt's prior king, Ptolemy XII Auletes; however the advisers of the child successor believed they could win Caesar's favor by killing his foe. The Egyptian general <a href="/wiki/Achillas" title="Achillas">Achillas</a> met Pompey at the shore in <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a> accompanied by Septimius and a centurion named Salvius. They greeted him under a pretense of friendship and killed him upon landing.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to both <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a> and Caesar's account, Pompey was reassured by the presence of Septimius, whom he knew from earlier campaigns. But it was Septimius who led the attack by stabbing Pompey in the back, then Salvius and Achillas joined in.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Septimius then beheaded the corpse and removed Pompey's signet ring. The killing did not placate Caesar and in the ensuing war, the Gabiniani sided with Cleopatra's brother Ptolemy XIII, against Caesar and Cleopatra. The fate of Septimius is not recorded. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_literature">In literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Septimius&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: In literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Later literary accounts often attributed Pompey's murder solely to Septimius, or place the principal guilt on him. This is the case in the poem <i><a href="/wiki/Pharsalia" title="Pharsalia">Pharsalia</a></i> by the Roman poet <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Annaeus_Lucanus" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Annaeus Lucanus">Lucan</a>, in which the fact that Septimius, a Roman, was doing the bidding of a foreign king is depicted as especially shameful. Lucan portrays Septimius as the archetype of a traitor: "With what reputation will posterity send Septimius into the centuries? What name will this wickedness have from those who call what Brutus did a crime?".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Massinger and Fletcher play <i><a href="/wiki/The_False_One" title="The False One">The False One</a></i>, Septimius is the central character, the "false one" of the title. He also appears in <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Corneille" title="Pierre Corneille">Pierre Corneille</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Pompey" title="The Death of Pompey">La Mort de Pompée</a></i> (1643).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1910, <a href="/wiki/John_Masefield" title="John Masefield">John Masefield</a> treated Pompey and Septimius in his play <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tragedy_of_Pompey_the_Great" title="The Tragedy of Pompey the Great">The Tragedy of Pompey the Great</a></i>. Septimius also appears in <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Shaw</a>'s play <i><a href="/wiki/Caesar_and_Cleopatra_(play)" title="Caesar and Cleopatra (play)">Caesar and Cleopatra</a></i>. In the play, Caesar forgives him. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Septimius&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the video game <i><a href="/wiki/Assassin%27s_Creed_Origins" title="Assassin's Creed Origins">Assassin's Creed Origins</a></i>, one of the main antagonists, referred to either as Lucius Septimius or as "The Jackal", is based on him. This fictional version of Septimius is the second-in-command of the Order of the Ancients, a precursor organization to the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Templar Order</a>. Additionally, his story is greatly expanded from the historical record, being pardoned by Caesar and serving him until his assassination on the <a href="/wiki/Ides_of_March" title="Ides of March">Ides of March</a>, shortly before <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Julius_Caesar" title="Assassination of Julius Caesar">Caesar's own assassination</a>. </p><p>In the television drama series <a href="/wiki/Rome_(TV_series)" title="Rome (TV series)"><i>Rome</i></a>, he is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/David_Kennedy_(actor)" title="David Kennedy (actor)">David Kennedy</a>. Caesar orders his execution. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Septimius&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Septimia_gens" title="Septimia gens">Septimia gens</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Septimius&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cae-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cae_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cae_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Beryl Rawson, <i>The Politics of Friendship: Pompey and Cicero</i> Volume: 6. Sydney University Press. 1978, p.177</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maspero, pp. 316-19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Pompey*.html">Plutarch, <i>Life of Pompey</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">S. H. Braund (trans), Lucan, <i>Pharsalia</i>, book 8, 610.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eugene M. Waith, "The Death of Pompey: English Style, French Style," in: <i>Shakespeare and Dramatic Tradition,</i> William R. Elton and William B. Long, eds., Newark, DE, University of Delaware Press, 1989; pp. 276–85.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Septimius&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Maspero, Gaston, et al. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7iINAAAAIAAJ">History of Egypt, Chaldea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria</a></i>. Translated by M. L McClure and Herbert McClure. The Grolier Society, 1904.</li> <li>Plutarch, <i>Life of Pompey</i>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Septimius&oldid=1258563545">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Septimius&oldid=1258563545</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1st-century_BC_Romans" title="Category:1st-century BC Romans">1st-century BC Romans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Roman_soldiers" title="Category:Ancient Roman soldiers">Ancient Roman soldiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Septimii" title="Category:Septimii">Septimii</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1st-century_BC_births" title="Category:1st-century BC births">1st-century BC births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1st-century_BC_deaths" title="Category:1st-century BC deaths">1st-century BC deaths</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_neutral_point_of_view_disputes_from_September_2016" title="Category:Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes from September 2016">Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes from September 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_neutral_point_of_view_disputes" title="Category:All Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes">All Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_September_2016" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from September 2016">Articles needing additional references from September 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_multiple_maintenance_issues" title="Category:Articles with multiple maintenance issues">Articles with multiple maintenance issues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_September_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from September 2024">Use dmy dates from September 2024</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 November 2024, at 11:23<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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