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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Layer_of_skin_involved-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Epidermis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epidermis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Epidermis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epidermis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dermis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dermis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Dermis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dermis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subcutaneous_tissue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subcutaneous_tissue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Subcutaneous tissue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subcutaneous_tissue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diseases_of_the_skin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diseases_of_the_skin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Diseases of the skin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diseases_of_the_skin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diagnoses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diagnoses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Diagnoses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diagnoses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lesions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lesions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Lesions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lesions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Lesions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lesions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_lesions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_lesions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Primary lesions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_lesions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secondary_lesions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secondary_lesions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Secondary lesions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secondary_lesions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Configuration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Configuration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Configuration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Configuration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Distribution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_related_terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_related_terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Other related terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_related_terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Histopathology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Histopathology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Histopathology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Histopathology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Skin condition</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velkondisies" title="Velkondisies – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Velkondisies" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="مرض جلدي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مرض جلدي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermatoz" title="Dermatoz – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dermatoz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="চর্ম সংক্রান্ত জটিলতা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চর্ম সংক্রান্ত জটিলতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trastorn_cutani" title="Trastorn cutani – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Trastorn cutani" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hautkrankheit" title="Hautkrankheit – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hautkrankheit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enfermedad_cut%C3%A1nea" title="Enfermedad cutánea – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Enfermedad cutánea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larruazaleko_afekzio" title="Larruazaleko afekzio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Larruazaleko afekzio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="بیماری‌های پوستی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیماری‌های پوستی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermatose" title="Dermatose – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dermatose" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EB%B6%80_%EC%A7%88%ED%99%98" title="피부 질환 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="피부 질환" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanayin_fata" title="Yanayin fata – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Yanayin fata" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%AB%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Մաշկային հիվանդություններ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մաշկային հիվանդություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="चर्म रोग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चर्म रोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelostando" title="Pelostando – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pelostando" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penyakit_kulit" title="Penyakit kulit – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penyakit kulit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesioni_elementari_della_cute" title="Lesioni elementari della cute – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lesioni elementari della cute" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%AA_%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%A8" title="מחלת עור – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מחלת עור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Тери оорулары – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тери оорулары" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80das_slim%C4%ABbas" title="Ādas slimības – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ādas slimības" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_cutanea" title="Problem cutanea – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Problem cutanea" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE_%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="ചർമ രോഗങ്ങൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചർമ രോഗങ്ങൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudsykdom" title="Hudsykdom – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hudsykdom" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermatozlar" title="Dermatozlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dermatozlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A4" title="ਕਿਉਟੇਨਿਅਸ ਹਾਲਤ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਿਉਟੇਨਿਅਸ ਹਾਲਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choroby_sk%C3%B3ry" title="Choroby skóry – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Choroby skóry" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermatopatia" title="Dermatopatia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dermatopatia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Дерматоз – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дерматоз" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/mapudasay" title="mapudasay – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="mapudasay" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihotauti" title="Ihotauti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ihotauti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="சரும நிலை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சரும நிலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D3%AF%D1%81%D1%82" title="Бемориҳои пӯст – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бемориҳои пӯст" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deri_hastal%C4%B1klar%C4%B1" title="Deri hastalıkları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Deri hastalıkları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96_%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Шкірні хвороби – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шкірні хвороби" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6" title="جلدی امراض – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جلدی امراض" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%87nh_da_li%E1%BB%85u" title="Bệnh da liễu – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bệnh da liễu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%86%9A%E7%97%85" title="皮膚病 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="皮膚病" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Any medical condition that affects the integumentary system</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-medical-condition"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Skin condition</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data">Cutaneous condition</td></tr><tr style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:3D_medical_animation_skin_layers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/3D_medical_animation_skin_layers.jpg/220px-3D_medical_animation_skin_layers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/3D_medical_animation_skin_layers.jpg/330px-3D_medical_animation_skin_layers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/3D_medical_animation_skin_layers.jpg/440px-3D_medical_animation_skin_layers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">3D medical illustration showing major layers of skin</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dermatology" title="Dermatology">Dermatology</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Causes</th><td class="infobox-data">Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, insects, trauma, cancers, allergies, toxins, vitamin/nutritional deficiencies/excesses, prolonged pressure, impaired blood circulation, ingrown hairs or nails, autoimmune conditions, aging, sun exposure, radiation exposure, exposure to heat/cold, dryness, humidity, other organ damage or condition, substance usage or contact, hereditary conditions, etc.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>skin condition</b>, also known as <b>cutaneous condition</b>, is any <a href="/wiki/Medical_condition" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical condition">medical condition</a> that affects the <a href="/wiki/Integumentary_system" title="Integumentary system">integumentary system</a>—the <a href="/wiki/Organ_system" title="Organ system">organ system</a> that encloses the body and includes <a href="/wiki/Skin" title="Skin">skin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nail_(anatomy)" title="Nail (anatomy)">nails</a>, and related <a href="/wiki/Muscle" title="Muscle">muscle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glands" class="mw-redirect" title="Glands">glands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lookingbill-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The major function of this system is as a barrier against the external environment.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19221876_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19221876-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conditions of the human integumentary system constitute a broad spectrum of diseases, also known as dermatoses, as well as many nonpathologic states (like, in certain circumstances, <a href="/wiki/Melanonychia" title="Melanonychia">melanonychia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Racquet_nails" class="mw-redirect" title="Racquet nails">racquet nails</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-King_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bluefarb_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bluefarb-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While only a small number of skin diseases account for most visits to the physician, thousands of skin conditions have been described.<sup id="cite_ref-Lynch_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lynch-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Classification of these conditions often presents many <a href="/wiki/Nosological" class="mw-redirect" title="Nosological">nosological</a> challenges, since underlying causes and pathogenetics are often not known.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid2653160_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid2653160-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid7026622_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid7026622-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, most current textbooks present a classification based on location (for example, <a href="/wiki/List_of_cutaneous_conditions#Conditions_of_the_mucous_membranes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cutaneous conditions">conditions of the mucous membrane</a>), morphology (<a href="/wiki/List_of_cutaneous_conditions#Chronic_blistering" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cutaneous conditions">chronic blistering conditions</a>), cause (<a href="/wiki/List_of_cutaneous_conditions#Resulting_from_physical_factors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cutaneous conditions">skin conditions resulting from physical factors</a>), and so on.<sup id="cite_ref-Jackson_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid7769599_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid7769599-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Clinically, the diagnosis of any particular skin condition begins by gathering pertinent information of the presenting skin lesion(s), including: location (e.g. arms, head, legs); symptoms (<a href="/wiki/Pruritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pruritus">pruritus</a>, pain); duration (acute or chronic); arrangement (solitary, generalized, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/annular" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:annular">annular</a>, linear); morphology (<a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Primary_lesions">macules</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papule" title="Papule">papules</a>, <a href="#Vesicle">vesicles</a>); and color (red, yellow, etc.).<sup id="cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FitzAtlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some diagnoses may also require a <a href="/wiki/Skin_biopsy" title="Skin biopsy">skin biopsy</a> which yields <a href="/wiki/Histologic" class="mw-redirect" title="Histologic">histologic</a> information<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19851671_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19851671-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid20098854_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid20098854-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that can be correlated with the clinical presentation and any laboratory data.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7817-7363-6_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7817-7363-6-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7020-3941-1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7020-3941-1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The introduction of cutaneous <a href="/wiki/Ultrasound" title="Ultrasound">ultrasound</a> has allowed the detection of cutaneous tumors, inflammatory processes, and skin diseases.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Layer_of_skin_involved">Layer of skin involved</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Layer of skin involved"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Integumentary_system" title="Integumentary system">Integumentary system</a></div> <p>The skin weighs an average of 4 kg (8.8 lb), covers an area of about 2 m<sup>2</sup> (22 sq ft), and is made of three distinct layers: the <a href="/wiki/Epidermis_(skin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Epidermis (skin)">epidermis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dermis" title="Dermis">dermis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Subcutaneous_tissue" title="Subcutaneous tissue">subcutaneous tissue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lookingbill-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two main types of human skin are <a href="/wiki/Glabrous_skin" class="mw-redirect" title="Glabrous skin">glabrous skin</a>, the nonhairy skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin.<sup id="cite_ref-RooksCD_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RooksCD-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the latter type, hairs in structures called <a href="/wiki/Pilosebaceous_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Pilosebaceous unit">pilosebaceous units</a> have a <a href="/wiki/Hair_follicle" title="Hair follicle">hair follicle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_gland" title="Sebaceous gland">sebaceous gland</a>, and associated <a href="/wiki/Arrector_pili" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrector pili">arrector pili</a> muscle.<sup id="cite_ref-Paus_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paus-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Embryology" title="Embryology">In the embryo</a>, the epidermis, hair, and glands are from the <a href="/wiki/Ectoderm" title="Ectoderm">ectoderm</a>, which is chemically influenced by the underlying <a href="/wiki/Mesoderm" title="Mesoderm">mesoderm</a> that forms the dermis and subcutaneous tissues.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-19-261253-0_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-19-261253-0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid17314969_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17314969-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid18413712_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18413712-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Epidermis">Epidermis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Epidermis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Epidermis_(skin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Epidermis (skin)">Epidermis (skin)</a></div> <p>The epidermis is the most superficial layer of skin, a <a href="/wiki/Epithelium" title="Epithelium">squamous epithelium</a> with several <a href="/wiki/Stratum" title="Stratum">strata</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Stratum_corneum" title="Stratum corneum">stratum corneum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stratum_lucidum" title="Stratum lucidum">stratum lucidum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stratum_granulosum" title="Stratum granulosum">stratum granulosum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stratum_spinosum" title="Stratum spinosum">stratum spinosum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Stratum_germinativum" class="mw-redirect" title="Stratum germinativum">stratum basale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitz_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitz-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nourishment is provided to these layers via <a href="/wiki/Diffusion" title="Diffusion">diffusion</a> from the dermis, since the epidermis is without direct blood supply.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The epidermis contains four cell types: <a href="/wiki/Keratinocyte" title="Keratinocyte">keratinocytes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melanocyte" title="Melanocyte">melanocytes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Langerhans_cell" title="Langerhans cell">Langerhans cells</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Merkel_cell" title="Merkel cell">Merkel cells</a>. Of these, keratinocytes are the major component, constituting roughly 95% of the epidermis.<sup id="cite_ref-RooksCD_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RooksCD-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This stratified squamous epithelium is maintained by cell division within the stratum basale, in which differentiating cells slowly displace outwards through the stratum spinosum to the stratum corneum, where cells are continually shed from the surface.<sup id="cite_ref-RooksCD_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RooksCD-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In normal skin, the rate of production equals the rate of loss; about two weeks are needed for a cell to migrate from the basal cell layer to the top of the granular cell layer, and an additional two weeks to cross the stratum corneum.<sup id="cite_ref-bolognia_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bolognia-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dermis">Dermis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Dermis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dermis" title="Dermis">Dermis</a></div> <p>The dermis is the layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue, and comprises two sections, the <a href="/wiki/Papillary_dermis" class="mw-redirect" title="Papillary dermis">papillary dermis</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Reticular_dermis" class="mw-redirect" title="Reticular dermis">reticular dermis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rapini_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rapini-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The superficial papillary dermis <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/interdigitate" class="extiw" title="wikt:interdigitate">interdigitates</a> with the overlying <a href="/wiki/Rete_ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Rete ridge">rete ridges</a> of the epidermis, between which the two layers interact through the basement membrane zone.<sup id="cite_ref-Rapini_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rapini-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Structural components of the dermis are <a href="/wiki/Collagen" title="Collagen">collagen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elastic_fiber" title="Elastic fiber">elastic fibers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ground_substance" title="Ground substance">ground substance</a> also called extra fibrillar matrix.<sup id="cite_ref-Rapini_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rapini-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within these components are the pilosebaceous units, arrector pili muscles, and the <a href="/wiki/Eccrine_gland" class="mw-redirect" title="Eccrine gland">eccrine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apocrine_gland" class="mw-redirect" title="Apocrine gland">apocrine glands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitz_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitz-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dermis contains two vascular networks that run parallel to the skin surface—one superficial and one deep plexus—which are connected by vertical communicating vessels.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitz_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitz-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Grant-Kels_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grant-Kels-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The function of blood vessels within the dermis is fourfold: to supply nutrition, to regulate temperature, to modulate inflammation, and to participate in wound healing.<sup id="cite_ref-LAG_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAG-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid8423379_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid8423379-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subcutaneous_tissue">Subcutaneous tissue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Subcutaneous tissue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Subcutaneous_tissue" title="Subcutaneous tissue">Subcutaneous tissue</a></div> <p>The subcutaneous tissue is a layer of fat between the dermis and underlying <a href="/wiki/Fascia" title="Fascia">fascia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lynch_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lynch-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This tissue may be further divided into two components, the actual fatty layer, or <a href="/wiki/Panniculus_adiposus" title="Panniculus adiposus">panniculus adiposus</a>, and a deeper vestigial layer of muscle, the <a href="/wiki/Panniculus_carnosus" title="Panniculus carnosus">panniculus carnosus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RooksCD_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RooksCD-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main cellular component of this tissue is the <a href="/wiki/Adipocyte" title="Adipocyte">adipocyte</a>, or fat cell.<sup id="cite_ref-Lynch_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lynch-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The structure of this tissue is composed of septal (i.e. linear strands) and <a href="/wiki/Lobe_(anatomy)" title="Lobe (anatomy)">lobular</a> compartments, which differ in microscopic appearance.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitz_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitz-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Functionally, the subcutaneous fat insulates the body, absorbs trauma, and serves as a reserve energy source.<sup id="cite_ref-Lynch_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lynch-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diseases_of_the_skin">Diseases of the skin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Diseases of the skin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a list, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_skin_conditions" title="List of skin conditions">List of skin conditions</a>.</div> <p>Diseases of the skin include <a href="/wiki/Skin_infection" title="Skin infection">skin infections</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skin_neoplasm" class="mw-redirect" title="Skin neoplasm">skin neoplasms</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Skin_cancer" title="Skin cancer">skin cancer</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_dermatology" title="History of dermatology">History of dermatology</a></div> <p>In 1572, <a href="/wiki/Geronimo_Mercuriali" class="mw-redirect" title="Geronimo Mercuriali">Geronimo Mercuriali</a> of <a href="/wiki/Forl%C3%AC" title="Forlì">Forlì</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, completed <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">De morbis cutaneis</i></span> ('On the diseases of the skin'). It is considered the first scientific work dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Dermatology" title="Dermatology">dermatology</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnoses">Diagnoses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Diagnoses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The physical examination of the skin and its appendages, as well as the mucous membranes, forms the cornerstone of an accurate diagnosis of cutaneous conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of these conditions present with cutaneous surface changes termed "lesions," which have more or less distinct characteristics.<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Often proper examination will lead the physician to obtain appropriate historical information and/or laboratory tests that are able to confirm the diagnosis.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon examination, the important clinical observations are the (1) morphology, (2) configuration, and (3) distribution of the lesion(s).<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With regard to morphology, the initial lesion that characterizes a condition is known as the "primary lesion", and identification of such a lesions is the most important aspect of the cutaneous examination.<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over time, these primary lesions may continue to develop or be modified by regression or trauma, producing "secondary lesions".<sup id="cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lookingbill-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, with that being stated, the lack of standardization of basic dermatologic terminology has been one of the principal barriers to successful communication among physicians in describing cutaneous findings.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitz_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitz-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, there are some commonly accepted terms used to describe the macroscopic morphology, configuration, and distribution of skin lesions, which are listed below.<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lesions">Lesions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Lesions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_lesions">Primary lesions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Primary lesions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TrombiculosisSores.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/TrombiculosisSores.jpg/200px-TrombiculosisSores.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/TrombiculosisSores.jpg/300px-TrombiculosisSores.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/TrombiculosisSores.jpg/400px-TrombiculosisSores.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2010" data-file-height="1716" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Trombiculidae" title="Trombiculidae">Chigger</a> bites on human skin showing characteristic welts</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macule_and_Patch.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Macule_and_Patch.svg/200px-Macule_and_Patch.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Macule_and_Patch.svg/300px-Macule_and_Patch.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Macule_and_Patch.svg/400px-Macule_and_Patch.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="551" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Macule and patch</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Papule_and_Plaque.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Papule_and_Plaque.svg/200px-Papule_and_Plaque.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Papule_and_Plaque.svg/300px-Papule_and_Plaque.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Papule_and_Plaque.svg/400px-Papule_and_Plaque.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="969" data-file-height="626" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Papule and plaque</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nodules.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Nodules.svg/200px-Nodules.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Nodules.svg/300px-Nodules.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Nodules.svg/400px-Nodules.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="957" data-file-height="620" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Nodules</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vesicles_and_Bulla.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Vesicles_and_Bulla.svg/200px-Vesicles_and_Bulla.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Vesicles_and_Bulla.svg/300px-Vesicles_and_Bulla.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Vesicles_and_Bulla.svg/400px-Vesicles_and_Bulla.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="958" data-file-height="626" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Vesicles and bulla</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ulcers,_fissures,_and_erosions.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ulcers%2C_fissures%2C_and_erosions.svg/200px-Ulcers%2C_fissures%2C_and_erosions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ulcers%2C_fissures%2C_and_erosions.svg/300px-Ulcers%2C_fissures%2C_and_erosions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ulcers%2C_fissures%2C_and_erosions.svg/400px-Ulcers%2C_fissures%2C_and_erosions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="957" data-file-height="639" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Fissures, erosions and ulcers</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Teenager-with-acne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Teenager-with-acne.jpg/200px-Teenager-with-acne.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Teenager-with-acne.jpg/300px-Teenager-with-acne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Teenager-with-acne.jpg/400px-Teenager-with-acne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="824" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A pustule on the cheek</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Relative_incidence_of_cutaneous_cysts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Relative_incidence_of_cutaneous_cysts.jpg/200px-Relative_incidence_of_cutaneous_cysts.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Relative_incidence_of_cutaneous_cysts.jpg/300px-Relative_incidence_of_cutaneous_cysts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Relative_incidence_of_cutaneous_cysts.jpg/400px-Relative_incidence_of_cutaneous_cysts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1172" data-file-height="816" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Relative incidence of skin cysts</div></div></div></div></div> <ul><li><span class="anchor" id="Macule"></span><b>Macule</b>: A macule is a change in surface color, without elevation or depression, so nonpalpable, well or ill-defined,<sup id="cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FitzAtlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> variously sized, but generally considered less than either 5<sup id="cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FitzAtlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point.<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Patch</b>: A patch is a large macule equal to or greater than either 5 or 10 mm across,<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> depending on one's definition of a macule.<sup id="cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lookingbill-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Patches may have some subtle surface change, such as a fine scale or wrinkling, but although the consistency of the surface is changed, the lesion itself is not palpable.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Papule" title="Papule">Papule</a></b>: A papule is a circumscribed, solid elevation of skin, varying in size from less than either 5<sup id="cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FitzAtlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point.<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Papule" title="Papule">Plaque</a></b>: A plaque has been described as a broad papule, or confluence of papules equal to or greater than 10 mm,<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or alternatively as an elevated, plateau-like lesion that is greater in its diameter than in its depth.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="Nodule"></span><b><a href="/wiki/Nodule_(medicine)" title="Nodule (medicine)">Nodule</a></b>: A nodule is morphologically similar to a papule in that it is also a palpable spherical lesion less than 10 mm in diameter. However, it is differentiated by being centered deeper in the dermis or subcutis.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Neoplasm" title="Neoplasm">Tumor</a>:</b> Similar to a nodule, but it is larger than 10 mm in diameter.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="Vesicle"></span><b>Vesicle</b>: A vesicle is a small <a href="/wiki/Blister" title="Blister">blister</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Dorlands_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dorlands-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a circumscribed, epidermal elevation generally considered less than either 5<sup id="cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FitzAtlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point.<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="Bulla"></span><b>Bulla</b>: A bulla is a large <a href="/wiki/Blister" title="Blister">blister</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Dorlands_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dorlands-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a rounded or irregularly shaped blister equal to or greater than either 5<sup id="cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FitzAtlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 10 mm,<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> depending on one's definition of a vesicle.<sup id="cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lookingbill-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><span class="anchor" id="Pustule"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"></p><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span>"Pustule" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Boil" title="Boil">Boil</a>.</span> <span>For the hieroglyph, see <a href="/wiki/Pustule_(hieroglyph)" title="Pustule (hieroglyph)">Pustule (hieroglyph)</a>.</span></div> <ul><li><b>Pustule</b>: A pustule is a small elevation of the skin usually consisting of necrotic inflammatory cells.<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Cyst" title="Cyst">Cyst</a></b>: A cyst is an epithelial-lined cavity.<sup id="cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FitzAtlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="Wheal"></span><span class="anchor" id="Weal"></span><b>Wheal</b>: A wheal is a rounded or flat-topped, pale red papule or plaque that is characteristically <a href="/wiki/Evanescent_(dermatology)" title="Evanescent (dermatology)">evanescent</a>, disappearing within 24 to 48 hours. The temporary raised skin on the site of a properly delivered intradermal (ID) <a href="/wiki/Injection_(medicine)" title="Injection (medicine)">injection</a> is also called a welt, with the ID injection process itself frequently referred to as simply "raising a wheal" in medical texts.<sup id="cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FitzAtlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Welt_(bruise)" title="Welt (bruise)">Welts</a></b>: Welts occur as a result of blunt force being applied to the body with elongated objects without sharp edges.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Telangiectasia" title="Telangiectasia">Telangiectasia</a></b>: A telangiectasia represents an enlargement of superficial blood vessels to the point of being visible.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Burrow</b>: A burrow appears as a slightly elevated, grayish, tortuous line in the skin, and is caused by burrowing organisms.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secondary_lesions">Secondary lesions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Secondary lesions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Scale</b>: Dry or greasy laminated masses of <a href="/wiki/Keratin" title="Keratin">keratin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> they represent thickened stratum corneum.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Crust</b>: Dried <a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_gland#Sebum" title="Sebaceous gland">sebum</a> usually mixed with epithelial and sometimes bacterial debris<sup id="cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FitzAtlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Lichenification</b>: Epidermal thickening characterized by visible and palpable thickening of the skin with accentuated skin markings<sup id="cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lookingbill-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Erosion</b>: An erosion is a discontinuity of the skin exhibiting incomplete loss of the <a href="/wiki/Epidermis_(skin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Epidermis (skin)">epidermis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-0187-1_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-0187-1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a lesion that is moist, circumscribed, and usually depressed.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitz_21-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitz-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Excoriation</b>: A punctate or linear <a href="/wiki/Abrasion_(medical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abrasion (medical)">abrasion</a> produced by mechanical means (often scratching), usually involving only the epidermis, but commonly reaching the <a href="/wiki/Papillary_dermis" class="mw-redirect" title="Papillary dermis">papillary dermis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ulcer_(dermatology)" title="Ulcer (dermatology)">Ulcer</a></b>: An ulcer is a discontinuity of the skin exhibiting complete loss of the epidermis and often portions of the dermis.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-0187-1_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-0187-1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Skin_fissure" title="Skin fissure">Fissure</a></b> is a lesion in the skin that is usually narrow but deep.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="Induration"></span><b>Induration</b> is dermal thickening causing the cutaneous surface to feel thicker and firmer.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Atrophy</b> refers to a loss of skin, and can be epidermal, dermal, or subcutaneous.<sup id="cite_ref-Andrews_30-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With epidermal atrophy, the skin appears thin, translucent, and wrinkled.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dermal or subcutaneous atrophy is represented by depression of the skin.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Skin_maceration" title="Skin maceration">Maceration</a></b>: softening and turning white of the skin due to being consistently wet.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="Umbilication"></span><b>Umbilication</b> is formation of a depression at the top of a papule, vesicle, or pustule.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/phyma#noun" class="extiw" title="wikt:phyma">Phyma</a></b>: A <a href="/wiki/Tubercle" title="Tubercle">tubercle</a> on any external part of the body, such as in <a href="/wiki/Rosacea#Classification" title="Rosacea">phymatous rosacea</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Configuration">Configuration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Configuration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Configuration" refers to how lesions are locally grouped ("organized"), which contrasts with how they are distributed (see next section). </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><b>Agminate</b>: in clusters</li> <li><b>Annular</b> or <b>circinate</b>: ring-shaped</li> <li><b>Arciform</b> or <b>arcuate</b>: arc-shaped</li> <li><b>Digitate</b>: with finger-like projections</li> <li><b>Discoid</b> or <b>nummular</b>: round or disc-shaped</li> <li><b>Figurate</b>: with a particular shape</li> <li><b>Guttate</b>: resembling drops</li> <li><b>Gyrate</b>: coiled or spiral-shaped</li> <li><b>Herpetiform</b>: resembling <a href="/wiki/Herpes" title="Herpes">herpes</a></li> <li><b>Linear</b></li> <li><b>Mammillated</b>: with rounded, breast-like projections</li> <li><b>Reticular</b> or <b>reticulated</b>: resembling a net</li> <li><b>Serpiginous</b>: with a wavy border</li> <li><b>Stellate</b>: star-shaped</li> <li><b>Targetoid</b>: resembling a <a href="/wiki/Bullseye_(target)" title="Bullseye (target)">bullseye</a></li> <li><b>Verrucous or Verruciform</b>: wart-like</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distribution">Distribution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Distribution" refers to how lesions are localized. They may be confined to a single area (a patch) or may be in several places. Some distributions correlate with the means by which a given area becomes affected. For example, contact dermatitis correlates with locations where allergen has elicited an allergic immune response. <a href="/wiki/Varicella_zoster_virus" title="Varicella zoster virus">Varicella zoster virus</a> is known to recur (after its initial presentation as <a href="/wiki/Chicken_pox" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicken pox">chicken pox</a>) as <a href="/wiki/Herpes_zoster" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpes zoster">herpes zoster</a> ("shingles"). Chicken pox appears nearly everywhere on the body, but herpes zoster tends to follow one or two dermatomes; for example, the eruptions may appear along the bra line, on either or both sides of the patient.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><b>Generalized</b></li> <li><b>Symmetric</b>: one side mirrors the other</li> <li><b>Flexural</b>: on the front of the fingers</li> <li><b>Extensor</b>: on the back of the fingers</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Intertriginous" title="Intertriginous">Intertriginous</a></b>: in an area where two skin areas may touch or rub together</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Morbilliform" title="Morbilliform">Morbilliform</a></b>: resembling <a href="/wiki/Measles" title="Measles">measles</a></li> <li><b>Palmoplantar</b>: on the palm of the hand or bottom of the foot</li> <li><b>Periorificial</b>: around an orifice such as the mouth</li> <li><b>Periungual/subungual</b>: around or under a fingernail or toenail</li> <li><b>Blaschkoid</b>: following the path of <a href="/wiki/Blaschko%27s_lines" title="Blaschko's lines">Blaschko's lines</a> in the skin</li> <li><b>Photodistributed</b>: in places where sunlight reaches</li> <li><b>Zosteriform</b> or <b>dermatomal</b>: associated with a particular nerve</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_related_terms">Other related terms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Other related terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Collarette</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackhead" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackhead">Comedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confluency" title="Confluency">Confluent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eczema" class="mw-redirect" title="Eczema">Eczema</a> (a type of dermatitis)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evanescent_(dermatology)" title="Evanescent (dermatology)">Evanescent</a> (lasting less than 24 hours)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granuloma" title="Granuloma">Granuloma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livedo" title="Livedo">Livedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purpura" title="Purpura">Purpura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema" title="Erythema">Erythema</a> (redness)</li> <li>Horn (a cell type)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poikiloderma" title="Poikiloderma">Poikiloderma</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Histopathology">Histopathology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Histopathology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hyperkeratosis" title="Hyperkeratosis">Hyperkeratosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parakeratosis" title="Parakeratosis">Parakeratosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypergranulosis" title="Hypergranulosis">Hypergranulosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acanthosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Acanthosis">Acanthosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papillomatosis" title="Papillomatosis">Papillomatosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyskeratosis" title="Dyskeratosis">Dyskeratosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acantholysis" title="Acantholysis">Acantholysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spongiosis" title="Spongiosis">Spongiosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydropic_swell" title="Hydropic swell">Hydropic swelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exocytosis_(dermatopathology)" title="Exocytosis (dermatopathology)">Exocytosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuolization" title="Vacuolization">Vacuolization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erosion_(dermatopathology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Erosion (dermatopathology)">Erosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulcer_(dermatology)" title="Ulcer (dermatology)">Ulceration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentigo" title="Lentigo">Lentiginous</a></li></ul> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wound" title="Wound">Wound</a>, an injury which damages the <a href="/wiki/Epidermis" title="Epidermis">epidermis</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Lookingbill-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lookingbill_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMillerMarks2006" class="citation book cs1">Miller JH, Marks JG (2006). <i>Lookingbill and Marks' Principles of Dermatology</i>. Saunders. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4160-3185-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-4160-3185-5"><bdi>1-4160-3185-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lookingbill+and+Marks%27+Principles+of+Dermatology&rft.pub=Saunders&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-4160-3185-5&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=JH&rft.au=Marks%2C+JG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid19221876-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid19221876_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLippensHosteVandenabeeleAgostinis2009" class="citation journal cs1">Lippens S, Hoste E, Vandenabeele P, Agostinis P, Declercq W (April 2009). "Cell death in the skin". <i>Apoptosis</i>. <b>14</b> (4): 549–569. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10495-009-0324-z">10.1007/s10495-009-0324-z</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19221876">19221876</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:13058619">13058619</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Apoptosis&rft.atitle=Cell+death+in+the+skin&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=549-569&rft.date=2009-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A13058619%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19221876&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10495-009-0324-z&rft.aulast=Lippens&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=Hoste%2C+E&rft.au=Vandenabeele%2C+P&rft.au=Agostinis%2C+P&rft.au=Declercq%2C+W&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-King-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-King_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing1954" class="citation journal cs1">King LS (1954). "What Is Disease?". <i>Philosophy of Science</i>. <b>21</b> (3): 193–203. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F287343">10.1086/287343</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:120875348">120875348</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophy+of+Science&rft.atitle=What+Is+Disease%3F&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=193-203&rft.date=1954&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F287343&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A120875348%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=LS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bluefarb-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bluefarb_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBluefarb1984" class="citation book cs1">Bluefarb SM (1984). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dermatology00samu"><i>Dermatology</i></a></span>. Upjohn Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89501-004-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-89501-004-6"><bdi>0-89501-004-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dermatology&rft.pub=Upjohn+Co&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-89501-004-6&rft.aulast=Bluefarb&rft.aufirst=SM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdermatology00samu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lynch-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lynch_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lynch_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lynch_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lynch_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLynch1994" class="citation book cs1">Lynch PJ (1994). <i>Dermatology</i>. 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href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/324589">324589</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Medical+Association+Journal&rft.atitle=Historical+outline+of+attempts+to+classify+skin+diseases&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=1165-1168&rft.date=1977-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1879511%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F324589&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1879511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid7769599-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid7769599_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCopeman1995" class="citation journal cs1">Copeman PW (February 1995). <a rel="nofollow" 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Society+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=The+creation+of+global+dermatology&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=78-84&rft.date=1995-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1295100%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7769599&rft.aulast=Copeman&rft.aufirst=PW&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1295100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FitzAtlas-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FitzAtlas_10-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolffJohnsonSuurmond2005" class="citation book cs1">Wolff K, Johnson RA, Suurmond R (2005). <i>Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas and Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology</i> (5th ed.). 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Elsevier Mosby. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-323-01198-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-323-01198-5"><bdi>0-323-01198-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Practical+dermatopathology&rft.pub=Elsevier+Mosby&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-323-01198-5&rft.aulast=Rapini&rft.aufirst=RP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grant-Kels-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Grant-Kels_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrant-Kels2007" class="citation book cs1">Grant-Kels JM (2007). <i>Color Atlas of Dermatopathology (Dermatology: Clinical & Basic Science)</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Family+Physician&rft.atitle=Recognizing+neoplastic+skin+lesions%3A+a+photo+guide&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=873-84%2C+887-8&rft.date=1998-09&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9767724&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=LC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aafp.org%2Fafp%2F1998%2F0915%2Fp873.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isbn0-7216-8256-1-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-8256-1_29-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCallen2000" class="citation book cs1">Callen J (2000). <i>Color atlas of dermatology</i>. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7216-8256-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7216-8256-1"><bdi>0-7216-8256-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Color+atlas+of+dermatology&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=W.B.+Saunders&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-7216-8256-1&rft.aulast=Callen&rft.aufirst=J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Andrews-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrews_30-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamesBergerElstonOdom2006" class="citation book cs1">James WD, Berger TD, Elston DM, Odom RB (2006). <i>Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology</i>. Saunders Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7216-2921-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7216-2921-0"><bdi>0-7216-2921-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Andrews%27+Diseases+of+the+Skin%3A+Clinical+Dermatology&rft.pub=Saunders+Elsevier&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-7216-2921-0&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=WD&rft.au=Berger%2C+TD&rft.au=Elston%2C+DM&rft.au=Odom%2C+RB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dorlands-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dorlands_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dorlands_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsevier2020" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Elsevier" title="Elsevier">Elsevier</a> (23 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dorlandsonline.com/dorland/home"><i>Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary</i></a> (33rd ed.). Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-323-66148-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-323-66148-5"><bdi>978-0-323-66148-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dorland%27s+Illustrated+Medical+Dictionary&rft.edition=33rd&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2020-12-23&rft.isbn=978-0-323-66148-5&rft.au=Elsevier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dorlandsonline.com%2Fdorland%2Fhome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isbn0-7216-0187-1-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-0187-1_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-7216-0187-1_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCotranKumarFaustoRobbins2005" class="citation book cs1">Cotran RS, Kumar V, Fausto N, Robbins SL, Abbas AK (2005). <i>Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease</i>. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7216-0187-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7216-0187-1"><bdi>0-7216-0187-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robbins+and+Cotran+pathologic+basis+of+disease&rft.place=St.+Louis%2C+Mo&rft.pub=Elsevier+Saunders&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-7216-0187-1&rft.aulast=Cotran&rft.aufirst=RS&rft.au=Kumar%2C+V&rft.au=Fausto%2C+N&rft.au=Robbins%2C+SL&rft.au=Abbas%2C+AK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCopsteadDiestelmeierDiestelmeier2016" class="citation web cs1">Copstead LE, Diestelmeier RE, Diestelmeier MR (2016-09-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://basicmedicalkey.com/alterations-in-the-integumentary-system/">"Alterations in the Integumentary System"</a>. <i>Basicmedical Key</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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The Merck Manual<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Description+of+Skin+Lesions&rft.pub=The+Merck+Manual&rft.date=2021-12&rft.aulast=Benedetti&rft.aufirst=J&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merckmanuals.com%2Fprofessional%2Fdermatologic_disorders%2Fapproach_to_the_dermatologic_patient%2Fdescription_of_skin_lesions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASkin+condition" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output 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dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="width:100%; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:0.8em;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q949302" class="extiw" title="d:Q949302">D</a></div><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012871">D012871</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dermatitis_and_eczema" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dermatitis_and_eczema" title="Template:Dermatitis and eczema"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dermatitis_and_eczema" title="Template talk:Dermatitis and eczema"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dermatitis_and_eczema" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dermatitis and eczema"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dermatitis_and_eczema" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dermatitis" title="Dermatitis">Dermatitis</a> and eczema</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atopic_dermatitis" title="Atopic dermatitis">Atopic dermatitis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prurigo_gestationis" title="Prurigo gestationis">Prurigo gestationis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweat_allergy" title="Sweat allergy">Sweat allergy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Seborrhoeic_dermatitis" title="Seborrhoeic dermatitis">Seborrheic dermatitis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_simplex_capillitii" class="mw-redirect" title="Pityriasis simplex capillitii">Pityriasis simplex capillitii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cradle_cap" title="Cradle cap">Cradle cap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Contact_dermatitis" title="Contact dermatitis">Contact dermatitis</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Allergic_contact_dermatitis" title="Allergic contact dermatitis">allergic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irritant_contact_dermatitis" title="Irritant contact dermatitis">irritant</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>plants:</i> <a href="/wiki/Urushiol-induced_contact_dermatitis" title="Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis">Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_blackwood_dermatitis" class="mw-redirect" title="African blackwood dermatitis">African blackwood dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulip_fingers" title="Tulip fingers">Tulip fingers</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>other:</i> <a href="/wiki/Abietic_acid_dermatitis" title="Abietic acid dermatitis">Abietic acid dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaper_rash" class="mw-redirect" title="Diaper rash">Diaper rash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airbag_dermatitis" title="Airbag dermatitis">Airbag dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baboon_syndrome" title="Baboon syndrome">Baboon syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_stomatitis" title="Contact stomatitis">Contact stomatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_allergy" title="Metal allergy">Metal allergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protein_contact_dermatitis" title="Protein contact dermatitis">Protein contact dermatitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dermatitis" title="Dermatitis">Eczema</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_estrogen_dermatitis" title="Autoimmune estrogen dermatitis">Autoimmune estrogen dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_progesterone_dermatitis" title="Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis">Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breast_eczema" title="Breast eczema">Breast eczema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ear_eczema" title="Ear eczema">Ear eczema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyelid_dermatitis" title="Eyelid dermatitis">Eyelid dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topical_steroid_withdrawal" title="Topical steroid withdrawal">Topical steroid withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_eczema" title="Hand eczema">Hand eczema</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dyshidrosis" title="Dyshidrosis">Dyshidrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperkeratotic_hand_dermatitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperkeratotic hand dermatitis">Hyperkeratotic hand dermatitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autosensitization_dermatitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Autosensitization dermatitis">Autosensitization dermatitis</a>/<a href="/wiki/Id_reaction" title="Id reaction">Id reaction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candidid" title="Candidid">Candidid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermatophytid" title="Dermatophytid">Dermatophytid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molluscum_dermatitis" title="Molluscum dermatitis">Molluscum dermatitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumostomy_eczema" title="Circumostomy eczema">Circumostomy eczema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juvenile_plantar_dermatosis" title="Juvenile plantar dermatosis">Juvenile plantar dermatosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nummular_eczema" class="mw-redirect" title="Nummular eczema">Nummular eczema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutritional_deficiency_eczema" title="Nutritional deficiency eczema">Nutritional deficiency eczema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulzberger%E2%80%93Garbe_syndrome" title="Sulzberger–Garbe syndrome">Sulzberger–Garbe syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xerotic_eczema" title="Xerotic eczema">Xerotic eczema</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pruritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pruritus">Pruritus</a>/<a href="/wiki/Itch" title="Itch">Itch</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Prurigo" title="Prurigo">Prurigo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_simplex_chronicus" title="Lichen simplex chronicus">Lichen simplex chronicus</a>/<a href="/wiki/Prurigo_nodularis" title="Prurigo nodularis">Prurigo nodularis</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>by location:</i> <a href="/wiki/Pruritus_ani" title="Pruritus ani">Pruritus ani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pruritus_scroti" title="Pruritus scroti">Pruritus scroti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pruritus_vulvae" title="Pruritus vulvae">Pruritus vulvae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalp_pruritus" title="Scalp pruritus">Scalp pruritus</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drug-induced_pruritus" title="Drug-induced pruritus">Drug-induced pruritus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyethyl_starch-induced_pruritus" title="Hydroxyethyl starch-induced pruritus">Hydroxyethyl starch-induced pruritus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senile_pruritus" title="Senile pruritus">Senile pruritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquagenic_pruritus" title="Aquagenic pruritus">Aquagenic pruritus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquadynia" title="Aquadynia">Aquadynia</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adult_blaschkitis" title="Adult blaschkitis">Adult blaschkitis</a></li> <li><i>due to liver disease</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biliary_pruritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Biliary pruritus">Biliary pruritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cholestatic_pruritus" title="Cholestatic pruritus">Cholestatic pruritus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prion_pruritus" title="Prion pruritus">Prion pruritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prurigo_pigmentosa" title="Prurigo pigmentosa">Prurigo pigmentosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prurigo_simplex" title="Prurigo simplex">Prurigo simplex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puncta_pruritica" title="Puncta pruritica">Puncta pruritica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uremic_pruritus" title="Uremic pruritus">Uremic pruritus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>substances taken internally: <a href="/wiki/Bromoderma" title="Bromoderma">Bromoderma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fixed_drug_reaction" title="Fixed drug reaction">Fixed drug reaction</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nummular_dermatitis" title="Nummular dermatitis">Nummular dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_alba" title="Pityriasis alba">Pityriasis alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papuloerythroderma_of_Ofuji" title="Papuloerythroderma of Ofuji">Papuloerythroderma of Ofuji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Disorders_of_skin_appendages" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Disorders_of_skin_appendages" title="Template:Disorders of skin appendages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Disorders_of_skin_appendages" title="Template talk:Disorders of skin appendages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Disorders_of_skin_appendages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Disorders of skin appendages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Disorders_of_skin_appendages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Disorders of <a href="/wiki/Skin_appendage" title="Skin appendage">skin appendages</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nail_disease" title="Nail disease">Nail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>thickness: <a href="/wiki/Onychogryphosis" title="Onychogryphosis">Onychogryphosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychauxis" title="Onychauxis">Onychauxis</a></li></ul> <ul><li>color: <a href="/wiki/Beau%27s_lines" title="Beau's lines">Beau's lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_nail_syndrome" title="Yellow nail syndrome">Yellow nail syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukonychia" title="Leukonychia">Leukonychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_nails" title="Blue nails">Azure lunula</a></li></ul> <ul><li>shape: <a href="/wiki/Koilonychia" title="Koilonychia">Koilonychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail_clubbing" title="Nail clubbing">Nail clubbing</a></li></ul> <ul><li>behavior: <a href="/wiki/Onychotillomania" title="Onychotillomania">Onychotillomania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychophagia" class="mw-redirect" title="Onychophagia">Onychophagia</a></li></ul> <ul><li>other: <a href="/wiki/Ingrown_nail" title="Ingrown nail">Ingrown nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anonychia" title="Anonychia">Anonychia</a></li></ul> <ul><li>ungrouped: <a href="/wiki/Paronychia" title="Paronychia">Paronychia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acute_paronychia" class="mw-redirect" title="Acute paronychia">Acute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronic_paronychia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronic paronychia">Chronic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevron_nail" title="Chevron nail">Chevron nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congenital_onychodysplasia_of_the_index_fingers" title="Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers">Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_nails" class="mw-redirect" title="Green nails">Green nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_and_half_nail" title="Half and half nail">Half and half nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangnail" title="Hangnail">Hangnail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hapalonychia" title="Hapalonychia">Hapalonychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_nail" title="Hook nail">Hook nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrown_nail" title="Ingrown nail">Ingrown nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus_of_the_nails" class="mw-redirect" title="Lichen planus of the nails">Lichen planus of the nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longitudinal_erythronychia" title="Longitudinal erythronychia">Longitudinal erythronychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malalignment_of_the_nail_plate" title="Malalignment of the nail plate">Malalignment of the nail plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Median_nail_dystrophy" title="Median nail dystrophy">Median nail dystrophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mees%27_lines" title="Mees' lines">Mees' lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanonychia" title="Melanonychia">Melanonychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muehrcke%27s_lines" class="mw-redirect" title="Muehrcke's lines">Muehrcke's lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail%E2%80%93patella_syndrome" title="Nail–patella syndrome">Nail–patella syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychoatrophy" title="Onychoatrophy">Onychoatrophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onycholysis" title="Onycholysis">Onycholysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychomadesis" title="Onychomadesis">Onychomadesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychomatricoma" title="Onychomatricoma">Onychomatricoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychomycosis" title="Onychomycosis">Onychomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychophosis" title="Onychophosis">Onychophosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychoptosis_defluvium" class="mw-redirect" title="Onychoptosis defluvium">Onychoptosis defluvium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychorrhexis" title="Onychorrhexis">Onychorrhexis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychoschizia" title="Onychoschizia">Onychoschizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platonychia" title="Platonychia">Platonychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pincer_nail" title="Pincer nail">Pincer nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plummer%27s_nail" class="mw-redirect" title="Plummer's nail">Plummer's nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psoriatic_nails" class="mw-redirect" title="Psoriatic nails">Psoriatic nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pterygium_inversum_unguis" title="Pterygium inversum unguis">Pterygium inversum unguis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pterygium_unguis" title="Pterygium unguis">Pterygium unguis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purpura_of_the_nail_bed" class="mw-redirect" title="Purpura of the nail bed">Purpura of the nail bed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racquet_nail" title="Racquet nail">Racquet nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_lunulae" title="Red lunulae">Red lunulae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_nail_syndrome" title="Shell nail syndrome">Shell nail syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splinter_hemorrhage" title="Splinter hemorrhage">Splinter hemorrhage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_lunulae" title="Spotted lunulae">Spotted lunulae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staining_of_the_nail_plate" title="Staining of the nail plate">Staining of the nail plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subungual_hematoma" title="Subungual hematoma">Subungual hematoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry%27s_nails" title="Terry's nails">Terry's nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-nail_dystrophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Twenty-nail dystrophy">Twenty-nail dystrophy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hair_disease" title="Hair disease">Hair</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hair_loss" title="Hair loss">Hair loss</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Baldness" class="mw-redirect" title="Baldness">Baldness</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Noncicatricial_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Noncicatricial alopecia">noncicatricial alopecia</a>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hair_loss" title="Hair loss">Alopecia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata">areata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_totalis" title="Alopecia totalis">totalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_universalis" title="Alopecia universalis">universalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophiasis" title="Ophiasis">Ophiasis</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Androgenic_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Androgenic alopecia">Androgenic alopecia</a> (male-pattern baldness)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypotrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypotrichosis">Hypotrichosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telogen_effluvium" title="Telogen effluvium">Telogen effluvium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traction_alopecia" title="Traction alopecia">Traction alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planopilaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Lichen planopilaris">Lichen planopilaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichorrhexis_nodosa" title="Trichorrhexis nodosa">Trichorrhexis nodosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_neoplastica" title="Alopecia neoplastica">Alopecia neoplastica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anagen_effluvium" title="Anagen effluvium">Anagen effluvium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_mucinosa" title="Alopecia mucinosa">Alopecia mucinosa</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cicatricial_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cicatricial alopecia">cicatricial alopecia</a>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Pseudopelade_of_Brocq" title="Pseudopelade of Brocq">Pseudopelade of Brocq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_centrifugal_cicatricial_alopecia" title="Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia">Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure_alopecia" title="Pressure alopecia">Pressure alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traumatic_alopecia" title="Traumatic alopecia">Traumatic alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumor_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tumor alopecia">Tumor alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_comb_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot comb alopecia">Hot comb alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissecting_cellulitis_of_the_scalp" title="Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp">Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham-Little_syndrome" title="Graham-Little syndrome">Graham-Little syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folliculitis_decalvans" title="Folliculitis decalvans">Folliculitis decalvans</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>ungrouped:</i> <a href="/wiki/Triangular_alopecia" title="Triangular alopecia">Triangular alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontal_fibrosing_alopecia" title="Frontal fibrosing alopecia">Frontal fibrosing alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Unna_hereditary_hypotrichosis" title="Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis">Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hypertrichosis" title="Hypertrichosis">Hypertrichosis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hirsutism" title="Hirsutism">Hirsutism</a></li> <li>Acquired <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Localized_acquired_hypertrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Localized acquired hypertrichosis">localised</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acquired_generalized_hypertrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Acquired generalized hypertrichosis">generalised</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patterned_acquired_hypertrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Patterned acquired hypertrichosis">patterned</a></li></ul></li> <li>Congenital <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Generalized_congenital_hypertrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Generalized congenital hypertrichosis">generalised</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Localized_congenital_hypertrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Localized congenital hypertrichosis">localised</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-linked_hypertrichosis" title="X-linked hypertrichosis">X-linked</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prepubertal_hypertrichosis" title="Prepubertal hypertrichosis">Prepubertal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevoid_hypertrichosis" title="Nevoid hypertrichosis">Nevoid hypertrichosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Acneiform_eruption" title="Acneiform eruption">Acneiform<br />eruption</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Acneiform_eruption" title="Acneiform eruption">Acne</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acne_vulgaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Acne vulgaris">Acne vulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_conglobata" title="Acne conglobata">Acne conglobata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_miliaris_necrotica" title="Acne miliaris necrotica">Acne miliaris necrotica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_acne" title="Tropical acne">Tropical acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantile_acne" title="Infantile acne">Infantile acne</a>/<a href="/wiki/Neonatal_acne" title="Neonatal acne">Neonatal acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excoriated_acne" title="Excoriated acne">Excoriated acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_fulminans" title="Acne fulminans">Acne fulminans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_medicamentosa" title="Acne medicamentosa">Acne medicamentosa</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Steroid_acne" title="Steroid acne">steroid acne</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halogen_acne" title="Halogen acne">Halogen acne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iododerma" title="Iododerma">Iododerma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromoderma" title="Bromoderma">Bromoderma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloracne" title="Chloracne">Chloracne</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_acne" title="Oil acne">Oil acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tar_acne" title="Tar acne">Tar acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_cosmetica" title="Acne cosmetica">Acne cosmetica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupational_acne" title="Occupational acne">Occupational acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_aestivalis" title="Acne aestivalis">Acne aestivalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_keloidalis_nuchae" title="Acne keloidalis nuchae">Acne keloidalis nuchae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_mechanica" title="Acne mechanica">Acne mechanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_with_facial_edema" title="Acne with facial edema">Acne with facial edema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomade_acne" title="Pomade acne">Pomade acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_necrotica" title="Acne necrotica">Acne necrotica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackhead" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackhead">Blackhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupus_miliaris_disseminatus_faciei" title="Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei">Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rosacea" title="Rosacea">Rosacea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perioral_dermatitis" title="Perioral dermatitis">Perioral dermatitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Granulomatous_perioral_dermatitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Granulomatous perioral dermatitis">Granulomatous perioral dermatitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phymatous_rosacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Phymatous rosacea">Phymatous rosacea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhinophyma" title="Rhinophyma">Rhinophyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blepharophyma" title="Blepharophyma">Blepharophyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnathophyma" title="Gnathophyma">Gnathophyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metophyma" title="Metophyma">Metophyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otophyma" title="Otophyma">Otophyma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papulopustular_rosacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Papulopustular rosacea">Papulopustular rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupoid_rosacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Lupoid rosacea">Lupoid rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythrotelangiectatic_rosacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Erythrotelangiectatic rosacea">Erythrotelangiectatic rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glandular_rosacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Glandular rosacea">Glandular rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gram-negative_rosacea" title="Gram-negative rosacea">Gram-negative rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steroid_rosacea" title="Steroid rosacea">Steroid rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocular_rosacea" title="Ocular rosacea">Ocular rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persistent_edema_of_rosacea" title="Persistent edema of rosacea">Persistent edema of rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosacea_conglobata" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosacea conglobata">Rosacea conglobata</a></li> <li><i>variants</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Periorificial_dermatitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Periorificial dermatitis">Periorificial dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyoderma_faciale" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyoderma faciale">Pyoderma faciale</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ungrouped</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Granulomatous_facial_dermatitis" title="Granulomatous facial dermatitis">Granulomatous facial dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_facial_aseptic_granuloma" title="Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma">Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periorbital_dermatitis" title="Periorbital dermatitis">Periorbital dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAPHO_syndrome" title="SAPHO syndrome">SAPHO syndrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Follicular <a href="/wiki/Cyst" title="Cyst">cysts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_cyst" title="Sebaceous cyst">Sebaceous cyst</a>" <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epidermoid_cyst" title="Epidermoid cyst">Epidermoid cyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichilemmal_cyst" title="Trichilemmal cyst">Trichilemmal cyst</a></li></ul></li> <li>Steatocystoma <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steatocystoma_simplex" title="Steatocystoma simplex">simplex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steatocystoma_multiplex" title="Steatocystoma multiplex">multiplex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milium_(dermatology)" title="Milium (dermatology)">Milia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation">Inflammation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Folliculitis" title="Folliculitis">Folliculitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Folliculitis_nares_perforans" class="mw-redirect" title="Folliculitis nares perforans">Folliculitis nares perforans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufted_folliculitis" title="Tufted folliculitis">Tufted folliculitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudofolliculitis_barbae" title="Pseudofolliculitis barbae">Pseudofolliculitis barbae</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hidradenitis" title="Hidradenitis">Hidradenitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hidradenitis_suppurativa" title="Hidradenitis suppurativa">Hidradenitis suppurativa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recurrent_palmoplantar_hidradenitis" title="Recurrent palmoplantar hidradenitis">Recurrent palmoplantar hidradenitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutrophilic_eccrine_hidradenitis" title="Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis">Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ungrouped</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acrokeratosis_paraneoplastica_of_Bazex" class="mw-redirect" title="Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex">Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acroosteolysis" title="Acroosteolysis">Acroosteolysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubble_hair_deformity" title="Bubble hair deformity">Bubble hair deformity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disseminate_and_recurrent_infundibulofolliculitis" title="Disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis">Disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erosive_pustular_dermatosis_of_the_scalp" title="Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp">Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythromelanosis_follicularis_faciei_et_colli" title="Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli">Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_casts" title="Hair casts">Hair casts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_follicle_nevus" title="Hair follicle nevus">Hair follicle nevus</a></li> <li>Intermittent hair–follicle dystrophy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keratosis_pilaris_atropicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Keratosis pilaris atropicans">Keratosis pilaris atropicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinking_hair" title="Kinking hair">Kinking hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koenen%27s_tumor" title="Koenen's tumor">Koenen's tumor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planopilaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Lichen planopilaris">Lichen planopilaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_spinulosus" title="Lichen spinulosus">Lichen spinulosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loose_anagen_syndrome" title="Loose anagen syndrome">Loose anagen syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkes_kinky_hair_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Menkes kinky hair syndrome">Menkes kinky hair syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monilethrix" title="Monilethrix">Monilethrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parakeratosis_pustulosa" title="Parakeratosis pustulosa">Parakeratosis pustulosa</a></li> <li>Pili (<a href="/wiki/Pili_annulati" title="Pili annulati">Pili annulati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pili_bifurcati" title="Pili bifurcati">Pili bifurcati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pili_multigemini" title="Pili multigemini">Pili multigemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pili_pseudoannulati" class="mw-redirect" title="Pili pseudoannulati">Pili pseudoannulati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pili_torti" title="Pili torti">Pili torti</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_amiantacea" title="Pityriasis amiantacea">Pityriasis amiantacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plica_neuropathica" title="Plica neuropathica">Plica neuropathica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliosis" title="Poliosis">Poliosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubinstein%E2%80%93Taybi_syndrome" title="Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome">Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setleis_syndrome" title="Setleis syndrome">Setleis syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traumatic_anserine_folliculosis" title="Traumatic anserine folliculosis">Traumatic anserine folliculosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichomegaly" title="Trichomegaly">Trichomegaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichomycosis_axillaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Trichomycosis axillaris">Trichomycosis axillaris</a></li> <li>Trichorrhexis (<a href="/wiki/Trichorrhexis_invaginata" title="Trichorrhexis invaginata">Trichorrhexis invaginata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichorrhexis_nodosa" title="Trichorrhexis nodosa">Trichorrhexis nodosa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichostasis_spinulosa" title="Trichostasis spinulosa">Trichostasis spinulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncombable_hair_syndrome" title="Uncombable hair syndrome">Uncombable hair syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolly_hair_nevus" title="Woolly hair nevus">Woolly hair nevus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sweat_gland_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweat gland disease">Sweat<br />glands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eccrine_sweat_gland" title="Eccrine sweat gland">Eccrine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria" title="Miliaria">Miliaria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colloid_milium" class="mw-redirect" title="Colloid milium">Colloid milium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria_crystalline" class="mw-redirect" title="Miliaria crystalline">Miliaria crystalline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria_profunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Miliaria profunda">Miliaria profunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria_pustulosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Miliaria pustulosa">Miliaria pustulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria_rubra" class="mw-redirect" title="Miliaria rubra">Miliaria rubra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occlusion_miliaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Occlusion miliaria">Occlusion miliaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmiliarial_hypohidrosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Postmiliarial hypohidrosis">Postmiliarial hypohidrosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granulosis_rubra_nasi" title="Granulosis rubra nasi">Granulosis rubra nasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross%27_syndrome" title="Ross' syndrome">Ross' syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperhidrosis" title="Hyperhidrosis">Hyperhidrosis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Generalized_hyperhidrosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Generalized hyperhidrosis">Generalized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustatory_hyperhidrosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustatory hyperhidrosis">Gustatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmoplantar_hyperhidrosis" title="Palmoplantar hyperhidrosis">Palmoplantar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypohidrosis" title="Hypohidrosis">Hypohidrosis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anhidrosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Anhidrosis">Anhidrosis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apocrine" title="Apocrine">Apocrine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_odor" title="Body odor">Body odor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromhidrosis" title="Chromhidrosis">Chromhidrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox%E2%80%93Fordyce_disease" title="Fox–Fordyce disease">Fox–Fordyce disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_gland" title="Sebaceous gland">Sebaceous</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_hyperplasia" title="Sebaceous hyperplasia">Sebaceous hyperplasia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Diseases_of_the_skin_and_appendages_by_morphology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Diseases_of_the_skin_and_appendages_by_morphology" title="Template:Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Diseases_of_the_skin_and_appendages_by_morphology" title="Template talk:Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Diseases_of_the_skin_and_appendages_by_morphology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Diseases_of_the_skin_and_appendages_by_morphology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Growths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Epidermis" title="Epidermis">Epidermal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wart" title="Wart">Wart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callus" title="Callus">Callus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seborrheic_keratosis" title="Seborrheic keratosis">Seborrheic keratosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skin_tag" title="Skin tag">Acrochordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molluscum_contagiosum" title="Molluscum contagiosum">Molluscum contagiosum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actinic_keratosis" title="Actinic keratosis">Actinic keratosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squamous-cell_carcinoma" title="Squamous-cell carcinoma">Squamous-cell carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basal-cell_carcinoma" title="Basal-cell carcinoma">Basal-cell carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkel-cell_carcinoma" title="Merkel-cell carcinoma">Merkel-cell carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevus_sebaceous" title="Nevus sebaceous">Nevus sebaceous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichoepithelioma" title="Trichoepithelioma">Trichoepithelioma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pigmented</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freckle" title="Freckle">Freckles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentigo" title="Lentigo">Lentigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melasma" title="Melasma">Melasma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevus" title="Nevus">Nevus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanoma" title="Melanoma">Melanoma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dermis" title="Dermis">Dermal</a> and<br />subcutaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epidermoid_cyst" title="Epidermoid cyst">Epidermal inclusion cyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemangioma" title="Hemangioma">Hemangioma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benign_fibrous_histiocytoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Benign fibrous histiocytoma">Dermatofibroma (benign fibrous histiocytoma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keloid" title="Keloid">Keloid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipoma" title="Lipoma">Lipoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurofibroma" title="Neurofibroma">Neurofibroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xanthoma" title="Xanthoma">Xanthoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaposi%27s_sarcoma" title="Kaposi's sarcoma">Kaposi's sarcoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantile_digital_fibromatosis" title="Infantile digital fibromatosis">Infantile digital fibromatosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granular_cell_tumor" title="Granular cell tumor">Granular cell tumor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiomyoma" title="Leiomyoma">Leiomyoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lymphangioma_circumscriptum" title="Lymphangioma circumscriptum">Lymphangioma circumscriptum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myxoid_cyst" title="Myxoid cyst">Myxoid cyst</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rash" title="Rash">Rashes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">With<br /> epidermal<br /> involvement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eczematous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contact_dermatitis" title="Contact dermatitis">Contact dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atopic_dermatitis" title="Atopic dermatitis">Atopic dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seborrhoeic_dermatitis" title="Seborrhoeic dermatitis">Seborrheic dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stasis_dermatitis" title="Stasis dermatitis">Stasis dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_simplex_chronicus" title="Lichen simplex chronicus">Lichen simplex chronicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darier%27s_disease" title="Darier's disease">Darier's disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glucagonoma_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Glucagonoma syndrome">Glucagonoma syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langerhans_cell_histiocytosis" title="Langerhans cell histiocytosis">Langerhans cell histiocytosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_sclerosus" title="Lichen sclerosus">Lichen sclerosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemphigus" title="Pemphigus">Pemphigus foliaceus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiskott%E2%80%93Aldrich_syndrome" title="Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome">Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinc_deficiency" title="Zinc deficiency">Zinc deficiency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scale_(dermatology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scale (dermatology)">Scaling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psoriasis" title="Psoriasis">Psoriasis</a></li> <li>Tinea (<a href="/wiki/Tinea_corporis" title="Tinea corporis">Corporis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_cruris" title="Tinea cruris">Cruris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athlete%27s_foot" title="Athlete's foot">Pedis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_manuum" title="Tinea manuum">Manuum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_faciei" title="Tinea faciei">Faciei</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_rosea" title="Pityriasis rosea">Pityriasis rosea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syphilis" title="Syphilis">Secondary syphilis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycosis_fungoides" title="Mycosis fungoides">Mycosis fungoides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemic lupus erythematosus">Systemic lupus erythematosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_rubra_pilaris" title="Pityriasis rubra pilaris">Pityriasis rubra pilaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parapsoriasis" title="Parapsoriasis">Parapsoriasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosis" title="Ichthyosis">Ichthyosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Blister" title="Blister">Blistering</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herpes" title="Herpes">Herpes simplex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpes_zoster" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpes zoster">Herpes zoster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickenpox" title="Chickenpox">Varicella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impetigo" title="Impetigo">Bullous impetigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_dermatitis" title="Contact dermatitis">Acute contact dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemphigus_vulgaris" title="Pemphigus vulgaris">Pemphigus vulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullous_pemphigoid" title="Bullous pemphigoid">Bullous pemphigoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermatitis_herpetiformis" title="Dermatitis herpetiformis">Dermatitis herpetiformis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porphyria_cutanea_tarda" title="Porphyria cutanea tarda">Porphyria cutanea tarda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidermolysis_bullosa_simplex" title="Epidermolysis bullosa simplex">Epidermolysis bullosa simplex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papule" title="Papule">Papular</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scabies" title="Scabies">Scabies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insect_bites_and_stings" class="mw-redirect" title="Insect bites and stings">Insect bite reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus" title="Lichen planus">Lichen planus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria" title="Miliaria">Miliaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keratosis_pilaris" title="Keratosis pilaris">Keratosis pilaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_spinulosus" title="Lichen spinulosus">Lichen spinulosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transient_acantholytic_dermatosis" title="Transient acantholytic dermatosis">Transient acantholytic dermatosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_nitidus" title="Lichen nitidus">Lichen nitidus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_lichenoides_et_varioliformis_acuta" title="Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta">Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pustule" class="mw-redirect" title="Pustule">Pustular</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acne_vulgaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Acne vulgaris">Acne vulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosacea" title="Rosacea">Rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folliculitis" title="Folliculitis">Folliculitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impetigo" title="Impetigo">Impetigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidiasis" title="Candidiasis">Candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neisseria_gonorrhoeae" title="Neisseria gonorrhoeae">Gonococcemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermatophyte" title="Dermatophyte">Dermatophyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coccidioidomycosis" title="Coccidioidomycosis">Coccidioidomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcorneal_pustular_dermatosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Subcorneal pustular dermatosis">Subcorneal pustular dermatosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hypopigmented</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_versicolor" title="Tinea versicolor">Tinea versicolor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitiligo" title="Vitiligo">Vitiligo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_alba" title="Pityriasis alba">Pityriasis alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postinflammatory_hyperpigmentation" title="Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation">Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuberous_sclerosis" title="Tuberous sclerosis">Tuberous sclerosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_guttate_hypomelanosis" title="Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis">Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leprosy" title="Leprosy">Leprosy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycosis_fungoides" title="Mycosis fungoides">Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Without<br /> epidermal<br /> involvement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Red" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Red</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Blanchable<br /> <a href="/wiki/Erythema" title="Erythema">Erythema</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Generalized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drug_eruption" title="Drug eruption">Drug eruptions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exanthem" title="Exanthem">Viral exanthems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_toxicum_neonatorum" title="Erythema toxicum neonatorum">Toxic erythema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemic lupus erythematosus">Systemic lupus erythematosus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Localized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellulitis" title="Cellulitis">Cellulitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abscess" title="Abscess">Abscess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boil" title="Boil">Boil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_nodosum" title="Erythema nodosum">Erythema nodosum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carcinoid_syndrome" title="Carcinoid syndrome">Carcinoid syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fixed_drug_eruption" class="mw-redirect" title="Fixed drug eruption">Fixed drug eruption</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urticaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Urticaria">Urticaria</a></li> <li>Erythema (<a href="/wiki/Erythema_multiforme" title="Erythema multiforme">Multiforme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_chronicum_migrans" class="mw-redirect" title="Erythema chronicum migrans">Migrans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_gyratum_repens" title="Erythema gyratum repens">Gyratum repens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_annulare_centrifugum" title="Erythema annulare centrifugum">Annulare centrifugum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_ab_igne" title="Erythema ab igne">Ab igne</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nonblanchable<br /> Purpura</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Macular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thrombocytopenic_purpura" title="Thrombocytopenic purpura">Thrombocytopenic purpura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_purpura" title="Solar purpura">Actinic/solar purpura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Papular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disseminated_intravascular_coagulation" title="Disseminated intravascular coagulation">Disseminated intravascular coagulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasculitis" title="Vasculitis">Vasculitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indurated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scleroderma" title="Scleroderma">Scleroderma</a>/<a href="/wiki/Morphea" title="Morphea">morphea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granuloma_annulare" title="Granuloma annulare">Granuloma annulare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_sclerosus" title="Lichen sclerosus">Lichen sclerosis et atrophicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necrobiosis_lipoidica" title="Necrobiosis lipoidica">Necrobiosis lipoidica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous<br /> disorders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ulcer_(dermatology)" title="Ulcer (dermatology)">Ulcers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hair</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telogen_effluvium" title="Telogen effluvium">Telogen effluvium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androgenic_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Androgenic alopecia">Androgenic alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata">Alopecia areata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemic lupus erythematosus">Systemic lupus erythematosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_capitis" title="Tinea capitis">Tinea capitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loose_anagen_syndrome" title="Loose anagen syndrome">Loose anagen syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planopilaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Lichen planopilaris">Lichen planopilaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folliculitis_decalvans" title="Folliculitis decalvans">Folliculitis decalvans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudofolliculitis_barbae" title="Pseudofolliculitis barbae">Acne keloidalis nuchae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nail_(anatomy)" title="Nail (anatomy)">Nail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Onychomycosis" title="Onychomycosis">Onychomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psoriasis" title="Psoriasis">Psoriasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paronychia" title="Paronychia">Paronychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrown_nail" title="Ingrown nail">Ingrown nail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mucous_membrane" title="Mucous membrane">Mucous<br /> membrane</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphthous_stomatitis" title="Aphthous stomatitis">Aphthous stomatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_candidiasis" title="Oral candidiasis">Oral candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus" title="Lichen planus">Lichen planus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukoplakia" title="Leukoplakia">Leukoplakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemphigus" title="Pemphigus">Pemphigus vulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mucous_membrane_pemphigoid" title="Mucous membrane pemphigoid">Mucous membrane pemphigoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicatricial_pemphigoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Cicatricial pemphigoid">Cicatricial pemphigoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpesviridae" title="Herpesviridae">Herpesvirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coxsackievirus" title="Coxsackievirus">Coxsackievirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syphilis" title="Syphilis">Syphilis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histoplasmosis" title="Histoplasmosis">Systemic histoplasmosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squamous-cell_carcinoma" title="Squamous-cell carcinoma">Squamous-cell carcinoma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Major_Disease_groups" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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href="/wiki/Parasitic_disease" title="Parasitic disease">Parasitic disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benign_tumor" title="Benign tumor">Benign tumor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">Cancer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Endocrine_disease" title="Endocrine disease">Endocrine disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malnutrition" title="Malnutrition">Malnutrition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metabolic_disorder" title="Metabolic disorder">Metabolic disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immune_disorder" title="Immune disorder">Immune disorder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hematologic_disease" title="Hematologic disease">Hematologic disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mental_disorder" title="Mental disorder">Mental disorder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neurological_disorder" title="Neurological disorder">Neurological disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_disease" title="Eye disease">Eye disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ear_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Ear disease">Ear disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease">Cardiovascular disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lymphatic_disease" title="Lymphatic disease">Lymphatic disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_disease" title="Respiratory disease">Respiratory disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxillofacial_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxillofacial disorder">Maxillofacial disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastrointestinal_disease" title="Gastrointestinal disease">Gastrointestinal disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urologic_disease" title="Urologic disease">Urologic disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_genital_disease" title="Female genital disease">Female genital disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breast_disease" title="Breast disease">Breast disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_genital_disease" title="Male genital disease">Male genital disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Complications_of_pregnancy" title="Complications of pregnancy">Complications of pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obstetric_labor_complication" title="Obstetric labor complication">Obstetric labor complication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postpartum_disorder" title="Postpartum disorder">Postpartum disorder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skin_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Skin disease">Skin disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Musculoskeletal_disorder" title="Musculoskeletal disorder">Musculoskeletal disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_tissue_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Soft tissue disorder">Soft tissue disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connective_tissue_disease" title="Connective tissue disease">Connective tissue disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_disease" title="Bone disease">Bone disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chondropathy" title="Chondropathy">Chondropathy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congenital_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Congenital disorder">Congenital disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetal_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Fetal disease">Fetal disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a 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title="Skin--Diseases"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85123171">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="kožní nemoci"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph134859&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="dermatózy"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph119393&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000080703&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007546125805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&oldid=1214815905">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Skin_condition&oldid=1214815905</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cutaneous_conditions" title="Category:Cutaneous conditions">Cutaneous conditions</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden 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