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<span>Application</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Application-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Application subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Application-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_World_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_World_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>First World War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_World_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_World_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_World_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Second World War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_World_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Examples" 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</li> <li id="toc-Other_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Other services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-War_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-War_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Post-War influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-War_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampfgruppe" title="Kampfgruppe – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kampfgruppe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampfgruppe" title="Kampfgruppe – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kampfgruppe" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampfgruppe" title="Kampfgruppe – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kampfgruppe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampfgruppe" title="Kampfgruppe – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kampfgruppe" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampfgruppe_(Wehrmacht)" title="Kampfgruppe (Wehrmacht) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kampfgruppe (Wehrmacht)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%97%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AB%E3%83%83%E3%83%9A" title="カンプグルッペ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カンプグルッペ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">German term for combat formations in WWI and WWII</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about a flexible combat formation. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Kampfgruppe_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kampfgruppe (disambiguation)">Kampfgruppe (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Kampfgruppe" title="Special:EditPage/Kampfgruppe">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Kampfgruppe%22">"Kampfgruppe"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Kampfgruppe%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Kampfgruppe%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Kampfgruppe%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kampfgruppe%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Kampfgruppe%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Advance_of_the_Panzerjager-Abteilung_39-AC1942.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Advance_of_the_Panzerjager-Abteilung_39-AC1942.jpg/300px-Advance_of_the_Panzerjager-Abteilung_39-AC1942.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Advance_of_the_Panzerjager-Abteilung_39-AC1942.jpg/450px-Advance_of_the_Panzerjager-Abteilung_39-AC1942.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Advance_of_the_Panzerjager-Abteilung_39-AC1942.jpg/600px-Advance_of_the_Panzerjager-Abteilung_39-AC1942.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="629" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Panzerj%C3%A4ger" title="Panzerjäger">Panzerjäger</a>-<a href="/wiki/Abteilung" title="Abteilung">Abteilung</a> 39 (part of "<b>Kampfgruppe</b> Gräf", from the <a href="/wiki/21st_Panzer_Division_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="21st Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)">21st Panzer Division</a>) of the <a href="/wiki/Afrika_Korps" title="Afrika Korps">Afrika Korps</a> on the move. The vehicles are a <a href="/wiki/Schwerer_Panzersp%C3%A4hwagen#Sd.Kfz._231" title="Schwerer Panzerspähwagen"><i>Sd.Kfz.</i> 231 8-rad</a> and motorcycle sidecar combination.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Military_history" title="Military history">military history</a>, the <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> term <b><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kampfgruppe</i></span></b> (pl. <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kampfgruppen</i></span>; abbrev. <b>KG</b>, or <b>KGr</b> in <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Luftwaffe</i></span> usage during World War II, literally "fighting group" or "battle group") can refer to a <a href="/wiki/Combat_formation" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat formation">combat formation</a> of any kind, but most usually to that employed by the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a></i></span> of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Pact" title="Tripartite Pact">allies</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and, to a lesser extent, the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. </p><p>It also referred to <a href="/wiki/Group_(military_aviation_unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Group (military aviation unit)">bomber groups</a> <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Luftwaffe_(1933%E2%80%931945)#Gruppe" title="Organization of the Luftwaffe (1933–1945)">in <i>Luftwaffe</i> usage</a>, which themselves consisted of three or four <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Staffeln</i></span> (squadrons), and usually (but not exclusively) existed within <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Kampfgeschwader" title="Kampfgeschwader">Kampfgeschwader</a></i></span> bomber <a href="/wiki/Wing_(military_aviation_unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wing (military aviation unit)">wings</a> of three or four <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kampfgruppen</i></span> per wing. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nature">Nature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Kampfgruppe</i> was an <i><a href="/wiki/Ad_hoc" title="Ad hoc">ad hoc</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Combined_arms" title="Combined arms">combined arms</a> formation, usually employing a combination of <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tanks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-tank">anti-tank</a>) elements, generally organised for a particular task or operation.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <i>Kampfgruppe</i> could range in size from a <a href="/wiki/Company_(military_unit)" title="Company (military unit)">company</a> to a <a href="/wiki/Corps" title="Corps">corps</a>, but the most common was an <i><a href="/wiki/Abteilung" title="Abteilung">Abteilung</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalion</a>)-sized formation. <i>Kampfgruppen</i> were generally referred to by either their commanding officer's name or the parent division.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Application">Application</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Application"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_World_War">First World War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: First World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Stormtroopers_(Imperial_Germany)" title="Stormtroopers (Imperial Germany)">Stormtroopers</a> (in German <i>Stoßtruppen</i>, <i>shock troops</i>, literally "punch/push troops") were specialist military troops which were formed in the last years of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> as the German army developed new methods of attacking enemy trenches, called "<a href="/wiki/Infiltration_tactics" title="Infiltration tactics">infiltration tactics</a>". Men trained in these methods were known in German as <i><a href="/wiki/Sturmmann" title="Sturmmann">Sturmmann</a></i> (literally "assault man" but usually translated as Stormtrooper), formed into companies of <i>Sturmtruppen</i> (Storm Troops). Other armies have also used the term "assault troops", "<a href="/wiki/Shock_troops" title="Shock troops">shock troops</a>" or <a href="/wiki/Fire_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Fire team">fire teams</a> for specialist soldiers who perform the infiltration tasks of stormtroopers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_World_War">Second World War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Second World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With respect to their ad hoc nature and <a href="/wiki/Goal" title="Goal">objective</a>-oriented strategy, Finnish ski troops employed during the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a>-<a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finnish</a> <a href="/wiki/Winter_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Winter war">Winter War</a> of 1939-1940 could, in principle, be considered to be an equivalent to <i>Kampfgruppen</i>. However, given the poor equipment of the Finnish forces, the combined-arms aspect of the <i>Kampfgruppen</i> could not have been applied.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Continuation_War" title="Continuation War">Continuation War</a> (1941–44) battle groups (Finnish: <i>taisteluosasto</i>) were commonly used by Finns and were now bigger having not only infantry but artillery and anti-tank units under commander of battle group. In many cases there were several units of different regiments, brigades and divisions in same battle group. For instance in June 1944 Battle group (Taisteluosasto) Ehrnrooth (commander of 7th Regiment) consisted: I/7th Regiment, III/7th Regiment, III/6th Regiment (minus its 9th inf company), fortification battalion 4, II/field artillery Regiment 19, light field artillery battalion 24, heavy artillery battalion 20 and heavy artillery battalion 27. For few days regiment commander had more firepower under his command than ordinary infantry division commander. Finnish battle groups were relatively short period ad hoc but very common phenomena especially in 1941 and 1944. Field artillery and even anti aircraft artillery units created their own artillery battle groups. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Examples">Examples</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hundreds of <i>Kampfgruppen</i> are documented to have taken part in operations ranging from a few days to over a year during the war. They left a significant impact in the popular culture and the picture of the Second World War. Famous examples include: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kampfgruppe_Peiper" class="mw-redirect" title="Kampfgruppe Peiper">Kampfgruppe Peiper</a></i> was a mechanised <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigade</a>-sized formation formed under the command of SS-Standartenführer <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Peiper" title="Joachim Peiper">Joachim Peiper</a> which took part in the 1944 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Battle of the Bulge">Battle of the Bulge</a>. KG Peiper was to be the striking arm of the <a href="/wiki/Leibstandarte_Adolf_Hitler" class="mw-redirect" title="Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler">1st SS Panzer Division <i>Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler</i></a>.</li> <li><i>Kampfgruppe Das Reich</i> was a regiment-sized formation formed from the remaining combat-ready elements of the <a href="/wiki/SS_Division_Das_Reich" class="mw-redirect" title="SS Division Das Reich">2nd SS Panzer Division <i>Das Reich</i></a> which was encircled in the <a href="/wiki/Kamenets-Podolsky_pocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamenets-Podolsky pocket">Kamenets-Podolsky pocket</a> in early 1944.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kampfgruppe_1001_Nights" title="Kampfgruppe 1001 Nights">Kampfgruppe 1001 Nacht</a></i> was a German <i>Kampfgruppe</i> formed on the Oder front during the final German offensive of the Second World War. The formation is most notable for its unusual title, referring to the medieval Persian <a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_One_Thousand_and_One_Nights" class="mw-redirect" title="The Book of One Thousand and One Nights">book of 1001 Nights</a>, a collection of tales and fables.</li> <li>During the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Normandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Normandy">Allied invasion of France</a> Major <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Luck" title="Hans von Luck">Hans von Luck</a> took command of the 125th Panzergrenadier Regiment of the <a href="/wiki/21st_Panzer_Division" title="21st Panzer Division">21st Panzer Division</a>, stationed near <a href="/wiki/Caen" title="Caen">Caen</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Panzerkampfgruppe_(Late_War)"><span id="Panzerkampfgruppe_.28Late_War.29"></span>Panzerkampfgruppe (Late War)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Panzerkampfgruppe (Late War)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A Panzerkampfgruppe was effectively the main striking force of a Panzer division. The usual Panzerkampfgruppe organization consisted of 1 tank battalion,1 Panzergrenadier battalion, and 1 self-propelled artillery battalion for a well rounded mobile fighting force.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was common for a mobile engineer company to also be attached to the Panzerkampfgruppe.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Flak-Kampftrupps_(Late_War)"><span id="Flak-Kampftrupps_.28Late_War.29"></span>Flak-Kampftrupps (Late War)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Flak-Kampftrupps (Late War)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Flak-Kampftrupps were mixed units which combined two or more heavy Flak pieces and light auto-cannons.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_services">Other services</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the original concept of <i>Kampfgruppe</i> is usually reserved to the <a href="/wiki/Land_warfare" title="Land warfare">land warfare</a>, some German <a href="/wiki/Military_tactics" title="Military tactics">tacticians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Military_strategy" title="Military strategy">strategists</a> applied it also for <a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare" title="Naval warfare">naval warfare</a>. The most obvious change was the design (units were usually earmarked for operation in advance instead of being organized ad hoc) and the type of units involved (instead of combined arms, different classes of naval vessels were employed). The examples include German <i>Kampfgruppe 5</i> employed during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Weser%C3%BCbung" title="Operation Weserübung">Operation Weserübung</a>. This unit consisted of the heavy cruiser <a href="/wiki/German_cruiser_Bl%C3%BCcher" title="German cruiser Blücher"><i>Blücher</i></a>, the heavy cruiser <a href="/wiki/German_pocket_battleship_Deutschland" class="mw-redirect" title="German pocket battleship Deutschland"><i>Lützow</i></a>, the light cruiser <a href="/wiki/German_cruiser_Emden" title="German cruiser Emden"><i>Emden</i></a>, 3 torpedo boats and 8 <a href="/wiki/Minesweeper_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minesweeper (ship)">minesweepers</a> carrying 2,000 troops to <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a>. </p><p>During the Second World War <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kampfgeschwader" title="Kampfgeschwader">Kampfgeschwader</a> bomber units consisted of several <i>Kampfgruppen</i>, which in terms of size were situated somewhere between <a href="/wiki/Squadron_(aviation)" title="Squadron (aviation)">squadrons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Group_(air_force)" class="mw-redirect" title="Group (air force)">groups</a> of <a href="/wiki/Anglo-America" title="Anglo-America">Anglo-American</a> air forces. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-War_influence">Post-War influence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Post-War influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2008</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Currently, the formation closest in use is <a href="/wiki/US_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="US Army">US Army</a> <a href="/wiki/Task_force" title="Task force">Task force</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the <a href="/wiki/Battlegroup_(army)" title="Battlegroup (army)">battlegroup</a> formation used by several <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> countries, notably the UK and Norway. The Norwegian borderstation Korpfjell still use the German name <i>Kampfgruppe Korpfjell</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Combat_Groups_of_the_Working_Class" title="Combat Groups of the Working Class">Kampfgruppen der Arbeiterklasse</a></i> (KdA) or in English "Combat Groups of the Working Class" were a paramilitary organisation in <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>, founded in 1953 and abolished in 1990. It numbered about 400,000 for much of its existence.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marching_regiment" title="Marching regiment">Marching regiment</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHouse,_Jonathan_M.2002" class="citation book cs1">House, Jonathan M. (2002). <i>Toward Combined Arms Warfare: A Survey of 20th-Century Tactics, Doctrine, and Organization</i>. Us: University Press of the Pacific.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Toward+Combined+Arms+Warfare%3A+A+Survey+of+20th-Century+Tactics%2C+Doctrine%2C+and+Organization&rft.place=Us&rft.pub=University+Press+of+the+Pacific&rft.date=2002&rft.au=House%2C+Jonathan+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKampfgruppe" class="Z3988"></span> (also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cgsc.leavenworth.army.mil/carl/resources/csi/House/House.asp">available online</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrotter,_William_R1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_R._Trotter" title="William R. Trotter">Trotter, William R</a> (1991). <i>A Frozen Hell: The Russo-Finnish Winter War of 1939–1940 (</i>also published as<i> The Winter War)</i>. UK: Aurum Press Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85410-932-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-85410-932-4"><bdi>1-85410-932-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Frozen+Hell%3A+The+Russo-Finnish+Winter+War+of+1939%E2%80%931940+%28also+published+as+The+Winter+War%29.&rft.place=UK&rft.pub=Aurum+Press+Ltd&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=1-85410-932-4&rft.au=Trotter%2C+William+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKampfgruppe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNevenkin2020" class="citation book cs1">Nevenkin, Kamen (2020). <i>Fortress Budapest .1: The Siege of the Hungarian Capital, 1944-45</i>. Keszthely, Hungary: PeKo Publishing. p. 69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-615-80072-5-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-615-80072-5-2"><bdi>978-615-80072-5-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fortress+Budapest+.1%3A+The+Siege+of+the+Hungarian+Capital%2C+1944-45&rft.place=Keszthely%2C+Hungary&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=PeKo+Publishing&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-615-80072-5-2&rft.aulast=Nevenkin&rft.aufirst=Kamen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKampfgruppe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNevenkin2020" class="citation book cs1">Nevenkin, Kamen (2020). <i>Fortress Budapest .1 The Siege of the Hungarian Capital, 1944-45</i>. Keszthely, Hungary: PeKo Publishing. p. 1097. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-615-80072-5-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-615-80072-5-2"><bdi>978-615-80072-5-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fortress+Budapest+.1+The+Siege+of+the+Hungarian+Capital%2C+1944-45&rft.place=Keszthely%2C+Hungary&rft.pages=1097&rft.pub=PeKo+Publishing&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-615-80072-5-2&rft.aulast=Nevenkin&rft.aufirst=Kamen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKampfgruppe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLucas,_J.2004" class="citation book cs1">Lucas, J. (2004). <i>Battle Group!: German Kampfgruppen Action in World War Two</i>. USA: Rigel Publications.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Battle+Group%21%3A+German+Kampfgruppen+Action+in+World+War+Two&rft.place=USA&rft.pub=Rigel+Publications&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Lucas%2C+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKampfgruppe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">While the word <i>Kampfgruppe</i> in <a href="/wiki/German_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="German Language">German</a> literally refers to any <a href="/wiki/Battlegroup_(army)" title="Battlegroup (army)">battle group</a>, the modern usage in the English-speaking world is restricted to World War II. <i>Kampfgruppen</i> in World War I lacked the panzer component and as such were closer to the original meaning of the word.</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&oldid=1238845801">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kampfgruppe&oldid=1238845801</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ad_hoc_units_and_formations" title="Category:Ad hoc units and formations">Ad hoc units and formations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_doctrines" title="Category:Military doctrines">Military doctrines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_of_the_Wehrmacht" title="Category:Military units and formations of the Wehrmacht">Military units and formations of the Wehrmacht</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_words_and_phrases" title="Category:German words and phrases">German words and phrases</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_February_2016" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from February 2016">Articles needing additional references from February 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_to_be_expanded_from_May_2008" title="Category:Articles to be expanded from May 2008">Articles to be expanded from May 2008</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_to_be_expanded" title="Category:All articles to be expanded">All articles to be expanded</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 6 August 2024, at 00:19<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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