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background-color: #DFB0DF;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn">Paul Palaiologos Tagaris</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader role"><a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Patriarch of Constantinople">Latin Patriarch of Constantinople</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Altar_Cloth_or_Podea_MET_DP121987.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photograph of a golden embroidered-double-headed eagle on an off-white background, with crowned heads and spread wings and legs, carrying a round medallion with Greek inscriptions on its breast." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Altar_Cloth_or_Podea_MET_DP121987.jpg/220px-Altar_Cloth_or_Podea_MET_DP121987.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Altar_Cloth_or_Podea_MET_DP121987.jpg/330px-Altar_Cloth_or_Podea_MET_DP121987.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Altar_Cloth_or_Podea_MET_DP121987.jpg/440px-Altar_Cloth_or_Podea_MET_DP121987.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3534" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Double-headed_eagle" title="Double-headed eagle">Double-headed eagle</a> on an altar cloth, believed to have belonged to Paul Tagaris, now in the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall200659–64_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall200659–64-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Diocese</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Patriarch of Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (Roman Catholic)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Installed</th><td class="infobox-data">1379/80</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Term ended</th><td class="infobox-data">1384</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other post(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Bishop of Taurezion (Greek Orthodox)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Previous post(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Patriarchal exarch of Antioch (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1368–1370</span>)</li><li>Bishop of Taurezion (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1375</span>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Orders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ordination</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1368</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1320/1340</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">after 1394</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Greeks" title="Byzantine Greeks">Greek</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Denomination</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a>, between 1379–1394 <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Paul Palaiologos Tagaris</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Παῦλος Παλαιολόγος Τάγαρις</span>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1320/1340</span> – after 1394) was a <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Greeks" title="Byzantine Greeks">Byzantine Greek</a> monk and impostor. A scion of the <a href="/wiki/Tagaris_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Tagaris family">Tagaris family</a>, Paul also claimed a somewhat dubious connection with the <a href="/wiki/Palaiologos" title="Palaiologos">Palaiologos</a> dynasty that ruled the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> at the time. He fled his marriage as a teenager and became a monk, but soon his fraudulent practices embroiled him in scandal. Fleeing <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, he traveled widely, from <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a> to <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Georgia" title="Kingdom of Georgia">Georgia</a> and eventually, via <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> to <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Greece">Latin Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Cyprus" title="Kingdom of Cyprus">Cyprus</a> and <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. </p><p>During his long and tumultuous career, Paul was appointed an Orthodox bishop, sold ordinations to ecclesiastical offices, pretended to be the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem">Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem</a>, switched from <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodoxy">Greek Orthodoxy</a> to <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a> and back again, supported both the <a href="/wiki/See_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="See of Rome">See of Rome</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Avignon_Papacy" title="Avignon Papacy">Avignon anti-popes</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Schism" title="Western Schism">Western Schism</a>, and managed to be named <a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Patriarch of Constantinople">Latin Patriarch of Constantinople</a>. In the end, his deceptions unmasked, he returned to Constantinople, where he repented and confessed his sins before a <a href="/wiki/Synod" title="Synod">synod</a> in 1394. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_family">Early life and family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Palaiologos_Tagaris&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main source on Paul's life is the document of his confession before the patriarchal synod in <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, which is undated, but included among documents of the years 1394–1395. It was published in modern times by Franz Ritter von Miklosich and Joseph Muller (eds.), <i>Acta et Diplomata Græca medii ævi sacra et profana</i>, Vol. II, <i>Acta Patriarchatus Constantinopolitanæ</i>, Vienna 1860. The confession is complemented by an account of his visit to Paris in 1390, written by a monk of the <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint-Denis" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbey of Saint-Denis">Abbey of Saint-Denis</a> and included in the anonymous <i><a href="/wiki/Chronique_du_religieux_de_Saint-Denys,_contenant_le_r%C3%A8gne_de_Charles_VI_de_1380_%C3%A0_1422" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronique du religieux de Saint-Denys, contenant le règne de Charles VI de 1380 à 1422">Chronique du religieux de Saint-Denys, contenant le règne de Charles VI de 1380 à 1422</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970289,_290_(note_1)_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970289,_290_(note_1)-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Paul Tagaris was apparently a scion of the Tagaris family, a lineage which first appears in the early 14th century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETrapp19912006_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETrapp19912006-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father is unnamed, but is described by Paul as a valiant and famous soldier, so that he is possibly identifiable either with the <i><a href="/wiki/Megas_stratopedarches" class="mw-redirect" title="Megas stratopedarches">megas stratopedarches</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Tagaris" title="Manuel Tagaris">Manuel Tagaris</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970290_(note_2)_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970290_(note_2)-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or with the latter's son, <a href="/wiki/George_Tagaris" title="George Tagaris">George Tagaris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Paul Tagaris claimed to be related to the ruling imperial dynasty of the <a href="/wiki/Palaiologoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaiologoi">Palaiologoi</a> and adopted the surname for himself. Manuel Tagaris was indeed married to Theodora Asanina Palaiologina, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Asen_III_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Asen III of Bulgaria">Ivan Asen III of Bulgaria</a>, and niece of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Andronikos_II_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos II Palaiologos">Andronikos II Palaiologos</a>, but even if Paul was Manuel's son, Theodora was, according to the Byzantinist <a href="/wiki/Donald_Nicol" title="Donald Nicol">Donald Nicol</a>, "almost certainly not the mother of Paul".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970290_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970290-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Nicol, Tagaris was probably born in the 1320s,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970289_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970289-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while other modern sources like the <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_Byzantium" title="Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium">Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</a></i> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Prosopographisches_Lexikon_der_Palaiologenzeit" title="Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit">Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit</a></i> put it later, around the year 1340.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His parents arranged his marriage at the age of 14 or 15, but soon he abandoned his wife and left Constantinople to become a monk in <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a while he returned to Constantinople, where he quickly became embroiled in scandal: he claimed that an icon in his possession had miraculous properties, and made money out of gullible believers. This affair scandalized his family, but Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Callistus_I_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Callistus I of Constantinople">Kallistos I</a> declined to take action against him. It was not until the patriarch went on a visit to Serbia in July 1363 that his <i><a href="/wiki/Locum_tenens" class="mw-redirect" title="Locum tenens">locum tenens</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Hieromonk" title="Hieromonk">hieromonk</a> Dorotheos, confiscated the icon and forced Paul to return to Palestine.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970290–291_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970290–291-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career_in_the_East">Career in the East</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Palaiologos_Tagaris&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career in the East"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Palestine, Paul was able to secure his ordination as a <a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">deacon</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem">Patriarch of Jerusalem</a> Lazaros, who took him under his protection (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1364</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970291_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970291-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after, Lazaros left for Constantinople, and his <i>locum tenens</i> Damianos brought charges against Paul, who was forced to abandon Jerusalem for <a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970291_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970291-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Antioch, Paul once again managed to befriend an influential figure, the newly elected (1368) <a href="/wiki/Greek_Patriarch_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Patriarch of Antioch">Patriarch</a> Michael, who not only ordained him a priest, but eventually made him patriarchal <a href="/wiki/Exarch" title="Exarch">exarch</a> and administrator of the Patriarchate's affairs. It was not long before Paul began abusing his authority: he sacked serving bishops and put their sees up for sale, threatening to report those who complained to the Turkish authorities. Soon he claimed the title of Patriarch of Jerusalem for himself and began to ordain bishops, even in territories subject to the Patriarchate of Constantinople.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970291_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970291-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1370, he went to <a href="/wiki/Iconium" class="mw-redirect" title="Iconium">Iconium</a> and then to <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Georgia" title="Kingdom of Georgia">Georgia</a>, where, according to his own recollection, he adjudicated a dispute among three rival claimants of the throne, finding in favour of the highest bidder. No such dispute is recorded in Georgian sources at this time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970291–292_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970291–292-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At this point, again according to his own account, he felt remorse and considered returning to Constantinople, where he would give the fortune he had amassed to the poor, but he was forestalled by the Bishop of <a href="/wiki/Tyre,_Lebanon" title="Tyre, Lebanon">Tyre</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sidon" title="Sidon">Sidon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who found him and delivered an offer by the Patriarch of Antioch to name him bishop of Taurezion (an unidentified location, suggested as being either in the <a href="/wiki/Taurus_Mountains" title="Taurus Mountains">Taurus Mountains</a> or in the <a href="/wiki/Tauric_peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauric peninsula">Tauric peninsula</a>, i.e. the Crimea<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Paul accepted, and was apparently consecrated by the Bishop of Tyre and Sidon (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1375</span>). At the same time, the Patriarch of Constantinople <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Philotheus_I_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Philotheus I of Constantinople">Philotheos I Kokkinos</a> heard about his dealings in the east, and at <a href="/wiki/Trabzon" title="Trabzon">Trebizond</a> Paul was met by a messenger from the Patriarch who demanded his immediate return to Constantinople to stand trial.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970292_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970292-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latin_Patriarch_of_Constantinople">Latin Patriarch of Constantinople</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Palaiologos_Tagaris&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Latin Patriarch of Constantinople"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Urbanus_VI_tondo.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Urbanus_VI_tondo.jpeg/220px-Urbanus_VI_tondo.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Urbanus_VI_tondo.jpeg 1.5x" data-file-width="259" data-file-height="259" /></a><figcaption>Pope Urban VI (modern painting, <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a>, Rome)</figcaption></figure> <p>Reluctant to face the Patriarch's wrath, Paul once more decided to flee, and try his luck in Rome. Such a move would be highly unusual for an Orthodox priest, but may be explained, according to Nicol, by his family's links with pro-Catholic circles in the Byzantine capital: George Tagaris, his putative brother or father, was among those who supported the Union of the Churches and had received letters of encouragement from <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_VI" title="Pope Innocent VI">Pope Innocent VI</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970292–293_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970292–293-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To avoid passing near Constantinople, Paul was forced to make a broad detour. He took a ship, probably from Trebizond, to the Crimea, where he presented the local governor of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a> with jewels from the treasure he had amassed. In exchange, he received an escort through the Horde lands (modern <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>) to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a>, and thence to Rome. There he secured an audience with <a href="/wiki/Pope_Urban_VI" title="Pope Urban VI">Pope Urban VI</a>, claiming to be the Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem. Paul presented himself to the Pope as a penitent, offered a confession, and embraced the Catholic faith. Impressed by Paul's humble demeanour, the Pope named him (in late 1379 or early 1380) to the titular post of <a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Patriarch of Constantinople">Latin Patriarch of Constantinople</a>, which had been vacant since September 1378, when its incumbent, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giacomo_da_Itri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giacomo da Itri (page does not exist)">Giacomo da Itri</a>, had declared his allegiance to the <a href="/wiki/Avignon_Papacy" title="Avignon Papacy">Avignon anti-pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Antipope_Clement_VII" title="Antipope Clement VII">Clement VII</a>. Urban also named Paul <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_legate" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic legate">apostolic legate</a> for all countries "east of <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durazzo</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970293_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970293-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966228_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966228-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After his appointment to such a broad office, a "second Pope" as Paul called it, he abandoned his simple <a href="/wiki/Monastic_habit" class="mw-redirect" title="Monastic habit">monastic habit</a> and adopted magnificent <a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">vestments</a> to suit his new rank, wore ostentatious jewellery, and, according to the chronicler of Saint-Denis, went about on horseback surrounded by a magnificently outfitted entourage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970294_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970294-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A likely example of Paul's splendid vestments and accoutrements at this time is a richly embroidered altar cloth, featuring a Byzantine <a href="/wiki/Double-headed_eagle" title="Double-headed eagle">double-headed eagle</a> with a monogram on its breast and the legend "Paul, Patriarch of Constantinople and New Rome" in Greek, now in the collection of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall200659–64_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall200659–64-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Constantinople had been <a href="/wiki/Reconquest_of_Constantinople" title="Reconquest of Constantinople">recovered by the Byzantines</a> in 1261, the seat of the Latin Patriarch of Constantinople had been moved to <a href="/wiki/Chalcis" title="Chalcis">Negroponte</a>, which still remained in <a href="/wiki/Triarchy_of_Negroponte" title="Triarchy of Negroponte">Latin hands</a>, in 1314.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966226_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966226-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon after his investment, Paul stopped at <a href="/wiki/Ancona" title="Ancona">Ancona</a>, on his way to Greece. He remained in the city for several weeks, fêted by the locals, and presented them with purported <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">relics</a>: on 4 March 1380 the head of <a href="/wiki/James_the_Just" class="mw-redirect" title="James the Just">James the Just</a>, followed on 17 April by the foot of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Anne" title="Saint Anne">Saint Anne</a> and a nail from the <a href="/wiki/True_Cross" title="True Cross">True Cross</a>. As Nicol comments, "one may be tempted to question the authenticity, and still more the provenance, of his donation". The documents of grant, preserved in the cathedral of Ancona, are signed by Paul and a certain "Alexios Palaiologos the <a href="/wiki/Despot_(court_title)" title="Despot (court title)">Despot</a>", allegedly a son of the Byzantine emperor but in reality, according to Nicol, probably "another figment of Paul's fertile imagination".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970294–295_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970294–295-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966228–229,_238–239,_243–250_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966228–229,_238–239,_243–250-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1380 until 1384, Paul remained at his see in Negroponte. A relative of his, George Tagaris—probably a different person than Manuel Tagaris' son<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—was called in to help with the administration of the patriarchal domains. His tenure was troubled, as the local Orthodox clergy appealed to the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetian</a> authorities for protection against his exactions, while the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Archbishop_of_Athens" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Archbishop of Athens">Latin Archbishop of Athens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Ballester" title="Antonio Ballester">Antonio Ballester</a>, complained of the Patriarch's interference in his diocese. Furthermore, his lease of some of the Church lands in 1383 to a Venetian from <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, Giacomo Grimani, proved a source of protracted legal trouble since Grimani, in the words of the French medievalist <a href="/wiki/Raymond-Joseph_Loenertz" title="Raymond-Joseph Loenertz">Raymond-Joseph Loenertz</a>, "revealed himself as much a scoundrel as the Patriarch".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970295_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970295-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966229,_239–240,_250–256_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966229,_239–240,_250–256-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1384, Paul was once again denounced as an impostor to the Pope, possibly by Ballester, who was named <a href="/wiki/Vicar-general" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar-general">vicar-general</a> of the Patriarchate in the same year, and who had held the same office during the 1378–1379 vacancy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970295_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970295-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966229,_231_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966229,_231-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Paul had apparently left his diocese before his denunciation, and resumed his wanderings. In 1385, he was in <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>, where he crowned <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_Cyprus" title="James I of Cyprus">James of Lusignan</a> as <a href="/wiki/King_of_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Cyprus">King of Cyprus</a> in exchange for 30,000 gold coins, and continued granting ecclesiastical appointments on the island as if he were still patriarch.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970295–296_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970295–296-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pape_avignon_clement7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Pape_avignon_clement7.jpg/220px-Pape_avignon_clement7.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/Pape_avignon_clement7.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="380" /></a><figcaption>Avignon anti-pope Clement VII (modern painting by <a href="/wiki/Calixte_Serrur" class="mw-redirect" title="Calixte Serrur">Calixte Serrur</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1388 he returned to Rome, possibly hoping that the accusations against him had been forgotten in the meanwhile. He was arrested, tried and imprisoned, but was released after Urban VI's death in October 1389 and the general amnesty granted by the new pope, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Boniface_IX" title="Pope Boniface IX">Boniface IX</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970296_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970296-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leaving Rome, Paul went to the court of <a href="/wiki/Amadeus_VII_of_Savoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Amadeus VII of Savoy">Amadeus VII of Savoy</a>. There he presented himself as a distant relative to the Count—a claim likely relying on his tenuous links to the Palaiologoi, who in turn were remotely linked to the House of Savoy via Empress <a href="/wiki/Anna_of_Savoy" title="Anna of Savoy">Anna of Savoy</a>, Amadeus VII's great-aunt—and as a victim of papal persecution on account of his support for the Avignon papacy. Paul's claims of kinship were dubious, but Amadeus was moved by the plight of a fellow Avignon supporter, and accepted him as the legitimate Latin Patriarch of Constantinople. He provided Paul with money and an escort of twelve horses and twelve servants, and sent him on to the papal court of Avignon.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970296_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970296-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Paul received a magnificent welcome at Avignon, where he was fêted by Clement VII and his cardinals. Clement, moved by his guest's tales of suffering at the hands of the Roman popes, loaded him with gifts and honours and sent him north to Paris. There, King <a href="/wiki/Charles_VI_of_France" title="Charles VI of France">Charles VI of France</a> likewise prepared a triumphal welcome for his illustrious guest. Paul was an exotic and popular sight in the French capital, and was lavishly hosted and entertained. He obviously enjoyed his long sojourn there, "safe in a place where his past was unknown and his deception was unlikely to be discovered", according to Nicol. For further safety, he communicated only via an interpreter in his employ.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970297_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970297-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On his visit to the Abbey of Saint-Denis, he claimed that there were several relics of the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Denis_of_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Denis of Paris">abbey's patron saint</a>—commonly confused with the Athenian saint <a href="/wiki/Dionysius_the_Areopagite" title="Dionysius the Areopagite">Dionysius the Areopagite</a> at the time—to be found back in Greece, and promised to help the monks bring them to France. His proposal was enthusiastically taken up, and two monks received permission and funds from the king to accompany Paul back to Greece. When the party arrived in the port in Italy from which they would sail for Greece, however, Paul bribed the captain of the ship to pretend that bad weather would delay their departure. In the same night, he and his servants set sail with their entire baggage, leaving the two monks behind. It was only in Rome, where the monks went in search of answers for Paul's behaviour, that they learned the true identity of their travelling companion. From them the chronicler of the abbey later received his information.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970297–298_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970297–298-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Return_to_Constantinople">Return to Constantinople</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Palaiologos_Tagaris&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Return to Constantinople"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Nicol, the achievement of the "accomplished sinner" Paul was without parallel: "No-one ever made such a profitable business out of changing sides, first in the <a href="/wiki/Schism_of_1054" class="mw-redirect" title="Schism of 1054">schism</a> between the Greek and Latin Churches, and then in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Schism" title="Western Schism">schism</a> between the pope in Rome and the pope in Avignon. It is no mean feat to arrive in Rome as Orthodox patriarch of Jerusalem and then to be received in Avignon as Catholic patriarch of Constantinople."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970289–290_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970289–290-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Now, though, having irreparably destroyed his reputation and ties with both papal courts, Paul was left with no option other than to return to Constantinople. In 1394, he was back in the Byzantine capital, where he appeared before Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Antony_IV_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch Antony IV of Constantinople">Antony IV</a>, before whom he confessed his sins, abjured his conversion to Catholicism, and pleaded for mercy. As Nicol writes, "Only on one point did he protest that he had been wrongfully accused; for, despite rumours and tales contrived against him, he had never indulged in fornication, miracle-mongering, or the practice of magic".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970298_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970298-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Patriarch passed Paul's case on to the full patriarchal synod, before which Paul was obliged to repeat his confession twice, and then once more before an assembly of the people. The records of these sessions, kept by the patriarchal scribe Perdikes, are the main source on Paul's life. The final portion of the manuscript, containing the verdict, is missing, but both the synod and the people had recommended a pardon, so it is likely that he was forgiven. His subsequent life is unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970298–299_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970298–299-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Palaiologos_Tagaris&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall200659–64-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall200659–64_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall200659–64_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBall2006">Ball 2006</a>, pp. 59–64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970289,_290_(note_1)-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970289,_290_(note_1)_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, pp. 289, 290 (note 1).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETalbot19912006_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTalbot1991">Talbot 1991</a>, p. 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETrapp19912006-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETrapp19912006_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTrapp1991">Trapp 1991</a>, p. 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970290_(note_2)-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970290_(note_2)_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 290 (note 2).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP27401._Τάγαρις,_Παῦλος_Παλαιολόγος_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPLP">PLP</a>, 27401. Τάγαρις, Παῦλος Παλαιολόγος.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970290-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970290_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 290.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970289-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970289_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 289.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970290–291-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970290–291_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, pp. 290–291.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970291-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970291_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970291_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970291_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 291.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970291–292-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970291–292_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, pp. 291–292.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Arsenius_of_Tyre" title="Arsenius of Tyre">Arsenius</a>, Metropolitan of Tyre in 1351–1376 and rival Patriarch of Antioch in 1366–1376. <a href="#CITEREFPLP">PLP</a>, 1407. Ἀρσένιος.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970292-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970292_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 292.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970292–293-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970292–293_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, pp. 292–293.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970293-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970293_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 293.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966228-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966228_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLoenertz1966">Loenertz 1966</a>, p. 228.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970294-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970294_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 294.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966226-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966226_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLoenertz1966">Loenertz 1966</a>, p. 226.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970294–295-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970294–295_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, pp. 294–295.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966228–229,_238–239,_243–250-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966228–229,_238–239,_243–250_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLoenertz1966">Loenertz 1966</a>, pp. 228–229, 238–239, 243–250.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970295-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970295_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970295_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 295.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966229,_239–240,_250–256-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966229,_239–240,_250–256_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLoenertz1966">Loenertz 1966</a>, pp. 229, 239–240, 250–256.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966229,_231-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELoenertz1966229,_231_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLoenertz1966">Loenertz 1966</a>, pp. 229, 231.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970295–296-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970295–296_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, pp. 295–296.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970296-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970296_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970296_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 296.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970297-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970297_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 297.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970297–298-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970297–298_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, pp. 297–298.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970289–290-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970289–290_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, pp. 289–290.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970298-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970298_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, p. 298.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicol1970298–299-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicol1970298–299_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicol1970">Nicol 1970</a>, pp. 298–299.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Palaiologos_Tagaris&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBall2006" class="citation journal cs1">Ball, Jennifer L. (2006). "A Double-Headed Eagle Embroidery: From Battlefield to Altar". <i>Metropolitan Museum Journal</i>. <b>41</b>: 59–64. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2Fmet.41.20320660">10.1086/met.41.20320660</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0077-8958">0077-8958</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20320660">20320660</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191850328">191850328</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metropolitan+Museum+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Double-Headed+Eagle+Embroidery%3A+From+Battlefield+to+Altar&rft.volume=41&rft.pages=59-64&rft.date=2006&rft.issn=0077-8958&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A191850328%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20320660%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2Fmet.41.20320660&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=Jennifer+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Palaiologos+Tagaris" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoenertz1966" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Raymond-Joseph_Loenertz" title="Raymond-Joseph Loenertz">Loenertz, R.-J.</a> (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/rebyz_0766-5598_1966_num_24_1_1373">"Cardinale Morosini et Paul Paléologue Tagaris, patriarches, et Antoine Ballester, vicaire du Pape, dans le patriarcat de Constantinople (1332-34 et 1380-87)"</a>. <i>Revue des études byzantines</i> (in French). <b>24</b>: 224–256. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Frebyz.1966.1373">10.3406/rebyz.1966.1373</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0771-3347">0771-3347</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+des+%C3%A9tudes+byzantines&rft.atitle=Cardinale+Morosini+et+Paul+Pal%C3%A9ologue+Tagaris%2C+patriarches%2C+et+Antoine+Ballester%2C+vicaire+du+Pape%2C+dans+le+patriarcat+de+Constantinople+%281332-34+et+1380-87%29&rft.volume=24&rft.pages=224-256&rft.date=1966&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Frebyz.1966.1373&rft.issn=0771-3347&rft.aulast=Loenertz&rft.aufirst=R.-J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.persee.fr%2Fweb%2Frevues%2Fhome%2Fprescript%2Farticle%2Frebyz_0766-5598_1966_num_24_1_1373&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Palaiologos+Tagaris" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicol1970" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Nicol" title="Donald Nicol">Nicol, Donald M.</a> (1970). "The Confessions of a bogus Patriarch: Paul Tagaris Palaiologos, Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem and Catholic Patriarch of Constantinople in the fourteenth century". <i>The Journal of Ecclesiastical History</i>. <b>21</b> (4): 289–299. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0022046900049113">10.1017/S0022046900049113</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-0469">0022-0469</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Ecclesiastical+History&rft.atitle=The+Confessions+of+a+bogus+Patriarch%3A+Paul+Tagaris+Palaiologos%2C+Orthodox+Patriarch+of+Jerusalem+and+Catholic+Patriarch+of+Constantinople+in+the+fourteenth+century&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=289-299&rft.date=1970&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0022046900049113&rft.issn=0022-0469&rft.aulast=Nicol&rft.aufirst=Donald+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Palaiologos+Tagaris" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTalbot1991" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alice-Mary_Talbot" title="Alice-Mary Talbot">Talbot, Alice-Mary</a> (1991). "Tagaris, Paul Palaiologos". In <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kazhdan" title="Alexander Kazhdan">Kazhdan, Alexander</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_Byzantium" title="Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium">The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</a></i>. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-504652-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-504652-8"><bdi>0-19-504652-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tagaris%2C+Paul+Palaiologos&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Byzantium&rft.place=Oxford+and+New+York&rft.pages=2006&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-19-504652-8&rft.aulast=Talbot&rft.aufirst=Alice-Mary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Palaiologos+Tagaris" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrapp1991" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Trapp, Erich (1991). "Tagaris". In <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kazhdan" title="Alexander Kazhdan">Kazhdan, Alexander</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_Byzantium" title="Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium">The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</a></i>. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-504652-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-504652-8"><bdi>0-19-504652-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tagaris&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Byzantium&rft.place=Oxford+and+New+York&rft.pages=2006&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-19-504652-8&rft.aulast=Trapp&rft.aufirst=Erich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Palaiologos+Tagaris" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPLP" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Trapp, Erich; Beyer, Hans-Veit; Walther, Rainer; Sturm-Schnabl, Katja; Kislinger, Ewald; Leontiadis, Ioannis; Kaplaneres, Sokrates (1976–1996). <i><a href="/wiki/Prosopographisches_Lexikon_der_Palaiologenzeit" title="Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit">Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit</a></i> (in German). Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7001-3003-1" title="Special:BookSources/3-7001-3003-1"><bdi>3-7001-3003-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prosopographisches+Lexikon+der+Palaiologenzeit&rft.place=Vienna&rft.pub=Verlag+der+%C3%96sterreichischen+Akademie+der+Wissenschaften&rft.date=1976%2F1996&rft.isbn=3-7001-3003-1&rft.aulast=Trapp&rft.aufirst=Erich&rft.au=Beyer%2C+Hans-Veit&rft.au=Walther%2C+Rainer&rft.au=Sturm-Schnabl%2C+Katja&rft.au=Kislinger%2C+Ewald&rft.au=Leontiadis%2C+Ioannis&rft.au=Kaplaneres%2C+Sokrates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Palaiologos+Tagaris" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church titles</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giacomo_da_Itri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giacomo da Itri (page does not exist)">Giacomo da Itri</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><small><b>— TITULAR —</b></small><br /><i><b> <a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Patriarch of Constantinople">Latin Patriarch of Constantinople</a> </b></i><br />1379/80–1384 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XII" title="Pope Gregory XII">Angelo Correr</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_Palaiologos_Tagaris&oldid=1253222098">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_Palaiologos_Tagaris&oldid=1253222098</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:14th-century_births" title="Category:14th-century births">14th-century births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:14th-century_Byzantine_monks" title="Category:14th-century Byzantine monks">14th-century Byzantine monks</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_Patriarchs_of_Constantinople" title="Category:Latin Patriarchs of Constantinople">Latin Patriarchs of Constantinople</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Impostors" title="Category:Impostors">Impostors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Converts_to_Roman_Catholicism_from_Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Eastern Orthodoxy">Converts to Roman Catholicism from Eastern Orthodoxy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Converts_to_Eastern_Orthodoxy_from_Roman_Catholicism" title="Category:Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Roman Catholicism">Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Roman Catholicism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Byzantine_prisoners_and_detainees" title="Category:Byzantine prisoners and detainees">Byzantine prisoners and detainees</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_archbishops_in_the_Duchy_of_Athens" title="Category:Roman Catholic archbishops in the Duchy of Athens">Roman Catholic archbishops in the Duchy of Athens</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tagaris_family" title="Category:Tagaris family">Tagaris family</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Featured_articles" title="Category:Featured articles">Featured articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Greek-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Greek-language text">Articles containing Greek-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_S-rel_template_with_ca_parameter" title="Category:Pages using S-rel template with ca parameter">Pages using S-rel template with ca parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_unknown" title="Category:Year of birth unknown">Year of birth unknown</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Year_of_death_unknown" title="Category:Year of death unknown">Year of death unknown</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 October 2024, at 22:48<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; 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