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class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2218</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Polymer composites</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1978</span> Vibrations of Thin Bio Composite Plates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timo%20Avikainen">Timo Avikainen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tuukka%20Verho"> Tuukka Verho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of natural fibers as reinforcements is growing increasingly in polymers which are involved in e.g. structural, vibration, and acoustic applications. The use of bio composites is being investigated as lightweight materials with specific properties like the ability to dissipate vibration energy and positive environmental profile and are thus considered as potential replacements for synthetic composites. The macro-level mechanical properties of the biocomposite material depend on several parameters in the detailed architecture and morphology of the reinforcing fiber structure. The polymer matrix phase is often applied to remain the fiber structure in touch. A big role in the packaging details of the fibers is related to the used manufacturing processes like extrusion, injection molding and treatments. There are typically big variances in the detailed parameters of the microstructure fibers. The study addressed the question of how the multiscale simulation methodology works in bio composites with short pulp fibers. The target is to see how the vibro – acoustic performance of thin–walled panels can be controlled by the detailed characteristics of the fiber material. Panels can be used in sound-producing speakers or sound insulation applications. The multiscale analysis chain is tested starting from the microstructural level and continuing via macrostructural material parameters to the product component part/assembly levels. Another application is the dynamic impact type of loading, exposing the material to the crack type damages that is in this study modeled as the Charpy impact tests. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio%20composite" title="bio composite">bio composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulp%20fiber" title=" pulp fiber"> pulp fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration" title=" vibration"> vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustics" title=" acoustics"> acoustics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact" title=" impact"> impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title=" FEM"> FEM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168402/vibrations-of-thin-bio-composite-plates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1977</span> Investigation of Alfa Fibers Reinforced Epoxy-Amine Composites Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amar%20Boukerrou">Amar Boukerrou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouerdia%20Belhadj"> Ouerdia Belhadj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalila%20Hammiche"> Dalila Hammiche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Francois%20Gerard"> Jean Francois Gerard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jannick%20Rumeau"> Jannick Rumeau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main goal of this study is the investigation of alfa fiber content, treated with alkali treatment, on the thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy-amine matrix-based composites. The fibers were treated with 5% of sodium hydroxide solution and varied between 10% to 30% weight fractions. The tensile, flexural, and hardness tests are carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of composites. The results show those composites’ mechanical properties are higher than the neat epoxy-amine. It was noticed that the alkali treatment is more effective in the case of the tensile and flexural modulus than the tensile and flexural strength. The decline of both the tensile and flexural behavior of all composites with the increasing of the filler content was due probably to the random dispersion of the fibers in the epoxy resin The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was employed to analyze the chemical structure of epoxy resin before and after curing with amine hardener. FTIR and DSC analysis confirmed that epoxy resin was completely cured with amine hardener at room temperature. SEM analysis has highlighted the microstructure of epoxy matrix and its composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alfa%20fiber" title="alfa fiber">alfa fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy%20resin" title=" epoxy resin"> epoxy resin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkali%20treatment" title=" alkali treatment"> alkali treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152199/investigation-of-alfa-fibers-reinforced-epoxy-amine-composites-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1976</span> Greatly Improved Dielectric Properties of Poly'vinylidene fluoride' Nanocomposites Using Ag-BaTiO₃ Hybrid Nanoparticles as Filler</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Silakaew">K. Silakaew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Thongbai"> P. Thongbai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is an increasing need for high–permittivity polymer–matrix composites (PMC) owing to the rapid development of the electronics industry. Unfortunately, the dielectric permittivity of PMC is still too low ( < 80). Moreover, the dielectric loss tangent is usually high (tan > 0.1) when the dielectric permittivity of PMC increased. In this research work, the dielectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)–based nanocomposites can be significantly improved by incorporating by silver–BaTiO3 (Ag–BT) ceramic hybrid nanoparticles. The Ag–BT/PVDF nanocomposites were fabricated using various volume fractions of Ag–BT hybrid nanoparticles (fAg–BT = 0–0.5). The Ag–BT/PVDF nanocomposites were characterized using several techniques. The main phase of Ag and BT can be detected by the XRD technique. The microstructure of the Ag–BT/PVDF nanocomposites was investigated to reveal the dispersion of Ag–BT hybrid nanoparticles because the dispersion state of a filler can have an effect on the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites. It was found that the filler hybrid nanoparticles were well dispersed in the PVDF matrix. The phase formation of PVDF phases was identified using the XRD and FTIR techniques. We found that the fillers can increase the polar phase of a PVDF polymer. The fabricated Ag–BT/PVDF nanocomposites are systematically characterized to explain the dielectric behavior in Ag–BT/PVDF nanocomposites. Interestingly, largely enhanced dielectric permittivity (>240) and suppressed loss tangent (tan<0.08) over a wide frequency range (102 – 105 Hz) are obtained. Notably, the dielectric permittivity is slightly dependent on temperature. The greatly enhanced dielectric permittivity was explained by the interfacial polarization between the Ag and PVDF interface, and due to a high permittivity of BT particles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BaTiO3" title="BaTiO3">BaTiO3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVDF" title=" PVDF"> PVDF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20composite" title=" polymer composite"> polymer composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20properties" title=" dielectric properties"> dielectric properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116711/greatly-improved-dielectric-properties-of-polyvinylidene-fluoride-nanocomposites-using-ag-batio3-hybrid-nanoparticles-as-filler" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116711.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1975</span> The Effect of Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber (SBR) Polymer Modifier on Properties of Bitumen</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Abbas%20Tabatabaei">Seyed Abbas Tabatabaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Kiasat"> Alireza Kiasat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferdows%20Karimi%20Alkouhi"> Ferdows Karimi Alkouhi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to use bitumen in hot mix asphalt, it must have specific characteristics. There are some methods to reach these properties. Using polymer modifiers are one of the methods to modify the bitumen properties. In this paper, the effect of Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber that is one of the bitumen polymer modifiers on rheology properties of bitumen is studied. In this regard, the rheological properties of base bitumen and the modified bitumen with 3, 4, and 5 percent of Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber (SBR) were analysed. The results show that bitumen modified with 5 percent of SBR has the best performance than the other samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitumen" title="bitumen">bitumen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20modifier" title=" polymer modifier"> polymer modifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=styrene-butadiene-rubber" title=" styrene-butadiene-rubber"> styrene-butadiene-rubber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheological%20properties" title=" rheological properties"> rheological properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1250/the-effect-of-styrene-butadiene-rubber-sbr-polymer-modifier-on-properties-of-bitumen" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1250.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1974</span> Effects of Li2O Doping on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Bovine Hydroxyapatite Composites (BHA)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sibel%20Daglilar">Sibel Daglilar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isil%20Kerti"> Isil Kerti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Karagoz"> Murat Karagoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih%20Dumludag"> Fatih Dumludag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oguzhan%20Gunduz"> Oguzhan Gunduz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faik%20Nuzhet%20Oktar"> Faik Nuzhet Oktar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydroxyapatite (HA) materials have common use in bone repairing due to its ability to accelerate the bone growth around the implant. In spite of being a biocompatible and bioactive material, HA has a limited usage as an implant material because of its weak mechanical properties. HA based composites are required to improve the strength and toughness properties of the implant materials without compromising of biocompatibility. The excellent mechanical properties and higher biocompatibilities are expected from each of biomedical composites. In this study, HA composites were synthesized by using bovine bone reinforced doped with different amount of (wt.%) Li2O. The pressed pellets were sintered at various sintering temperatures between 1000ºC and 1300°C, and mechanical, electrical properties of the obtained products were characterized. In addition to that, in vitro stimulated body fluid (SBF) tests for these samples were conducted. The most suitable composite composition for biomedical applications was discussed among the composites studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocomposites" title="biocomposites">biocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sintering%20temperature" title=" sintering temperature"> sintering temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocompatibility" title=" biocompatibility"> biocompatibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20property" title=" electrical property"> electrical property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conductivity" title=" conductivity"> conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20property" title=" mechanical property"> mechanical property</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41206/effects-of-li2o-doping-on-mechanical-and-electrical-properties-of-bovine-hydroxyapatite-composites-bha" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41206.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1973</span> Experimental Study of the Microstructure and Properties of Aluminum Alloy Composites Reinforced with Pod Ash Nanoparticles Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20P%20.I.%20Popoola">A. P .I. Popoola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20S.%20Aigbodion"> V. S. Aigbodion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20S.%20I.%20Fayomi"> O. S. I. Fayomi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The experimental study of the microstructure and properties of Al-Cu-Mg alloy/bean pod ash (BPA) nanoparticles was investigated. The aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) were produced by varying the BPA nanoparticles from 1-4wt%. The microstructure and phases of the composites produced were examined by SEM/EDS and XRD. Properties such as: hardness, tensile strength, impact energy, fatigue and wear were evaluated. The results showed that tensile strength and hardness values increased by 35 and 44.1% at 4wt% BPA nanoparticles with appreciable impact energy. The fatigue limit of 167MPa, 135 MPa and 75Mpa were obtained for the nano-particle (55nm), micro-particle (100µm) BPA composites and unreinforced alloy respectively. The wear properties of the as-cast Al–3.7%Cu-1.4%Mg/BPA nanoparticle have been improved significantly even with a low weight percent of BPA nanoparticle. The properties of the as-cast aluminium nanoparticles (MMNCs) have been improved significantly even with a low weight percent of nano-sized BPAp. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bean%20pod%20ash%20nanoparticles" title="bean pod ash nanoparticles">bean pod ash nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=al-cu-mg%20alloy" title=" al-cu-mg alloy"> al-cu-mg alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructures" title=" microstructures"> microstructures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37635/experimental-study-of-the-microstructure-and-properties-of-aluminum-alloy-composites-reinforced-with-pod-ash-nanoparticles-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37635.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1972</span> Utilization of Discarded PET and Concrete Aggregates in Construction Causes: A Green Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arjun">Arjun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20D.%20Singh"> A. D. Singh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to resolve the solid waste problems caused by plastics and concrete demolition as well. In order to that mechanical properties of polymer concrete; in particular, polymer concrete made of unsaturated polyester resins from recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste and recycled concrete aggregates is carried out. Properly formulated unsaturated polyester based on recycled PET is mixed with inorganic aggregates to produce polymer concrete. Apart from low manufacturing cost, polymer concrete blend has acceptable properties, to go through it. The prior objectives of the paper is to investigate the mechanical properties, i.e. compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and the flexural strength of polymer concrete blend using an unsaturated polyester resin based on recycled PET. The relationships between the mechanical properties are also analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyethylene%20terephthalate%20%28PET%29" title="polyethylene terephthalate (PET)">polyethylene terephthalate (PET)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20aggregates" title=" concrete aggregates"> concrete aggregates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=splitting%20tensile%20strength" title=" splitting tensile strength "> splitting tensile strength </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17683/utilization-of-discarded-pet-and-concrete-aggregates-in-construction-causes-a-green-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">576</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1971</span> Effect of TEOS Electrospun Nanofiber Modified Resin on Interlaminar Shear Strength of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dattaji%20K.%20Shinde">Dattaji K. Shinde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajit%20D.%20Kelkar"> Ajit D. Kelkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of fiber reinforced polymer composite is an important property for most of the structural applications. Matrix modification is an effective method used to improve the interlaminar shear strength of composite. In this paper, EPON 862/w epoxy system was modified using Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) electrospun nanofibers (ENFs) which were produced using electrospinning method. Unmodified and nanofibers modified resins were used to fabricate glass fiber reinforced polymer composite (GFRP) using H-VARTM method. The ILSS of the Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymeric Composites (GFRP) was investigated. The study shows that introduction of TEOS ENFs in the epoxy resin enhanced the ILSS of GFRPby 15% with 0.6% wt. fraction of TEOS ENFs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrospun%20nanofibers" title="electrospun nanofibers">electrospun nanofibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H-VARTM" title=" H-VARTM"> H-VARTM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interlaminar%20shear%20strength" title=" interlaminar shear strength"> interlaminar shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20modification" title=" matrix modification"> matrix modification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1508/effect-of-teos-electrospun-nanofiber-modified-resin-on-interlaminar-shear-strength-of-glass-fiberepoxy-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1508.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1970</span> BaFe12O19/Polythiophene Nanocomposite as Electrochemical Supercapacitor Electrode</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Farokhi">H. Farokhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bahadoran"> A. Bahadoran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is focused on the absorbance and magnetic properties of a novel nanocomposite based on conducting polymer, carbon black and barium hexaferrite in epoxy resin on the E-glass fibre substrate. The highly conductive nanocomposite was provided by in-situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of carbon black (C) and barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19) as electromagnetic absorbance material. The structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). SEM images showed the uniformly coated PAni on the surface of carbon black and barium hexaferrite. XRD peaks also verified the presence of carbon black and barium hexaferrite in the nanocomposite. The microwave characteristics determined from the magnetic and dielectric properties of the elastomeric composites obtained from scattering data by ﬁtting the samples in a waveguide, where measured in the frequency in X-band frequency range, the range of 8 to 12 GHz. The reflection losses were evaluated to be less than −5dB over the whole X-band frequency (8–12 GHz) for the thickness of 1.4mm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conductive%20polymer" title="conductive polymer">conductive polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20materials" title=" magnetic materials"> magnetic materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacitance" title="capacitance">capacitance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20cell" title=" electrochemical cell"> electrochemical cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44855/bafe12o19polythiophene-nanocomposite-as-electrochemical-supercapacitor-electrode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1969</span> Nano-Enabling Technical Carbon Fabrics to Achieve Improved Through Thickness Electrical Conductivity in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelos%20Evangelou">Angelos Evangelou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katerina%20%20Loizou"> Katerina Loizou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Loukas%20Koutsokeras"> Loukas Koutsokeras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orestes%20Marangos"> Orestes Marangos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giorgos%20Constantinides"> Giorgos Constantinides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stylianos%20Yiatros"> Stylianos Yiatros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katerina%20%20Sofocleous"> Katerina Sofocleous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasileios%20Drakonakis"> Vasileios Drakonakis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Owing to their outstanding strength to weight properties, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRPs) composites have attracted significant attention finding use in various fields (sports, automotive, transportation, etc.). The current momentum indicates that there is an increasing demand for their employment in high value bespoke applications such as avionics and electronic casings, damage sensing structures, EMI (electromagnetic interference) structures that dictate the use of materials with increased electrical conductivity both in-plane and through the thickness. Several efforts by research groups have focused on enhancing the through-thickness electrical conductivity of FRPs, in an attempt to combine the intrinsically high relative strengths exhibited with improved z-axis electrical response as well. However, only a limited number of studies deal with printing of nano-enhanced polymer inks to produce a pattern on dry fabric level that could be used to fabricate CFRPs with improved through thickness electrical conductivity. The present study investigates the employment of screen-printing process on technical dry fabrics using nano-reinforced polymer-based inks to achieve the required through thickness conductivity, opening new pathways for the application of fiber reinforced composites in niche products. Commercially available inks and in-house prepared inks reinforced with electrically conductive nanoparticles are employed, printed in different patterns. The aim of the present study is to investigate both the effect of the nanoparticle concentration as well as the droplet patterns (diameter, inter-droplet distance and coverage) to optimize printing for the desired level of conductivity enhancement in the lamina level. The electrical conductivity is measured initially at ink level to pinpoint the optimum concentrations to be employed using a “four-probe” configuration. Upon printing of the different patterns, the coverage of the dry fabric area is assessed along with the permeability of the resulting dry fabrics, in alignment with the fabrication of CFRPs that requires adequate wetting by the epoxy matrix. Results demonstrated increased electrical conductivities of the printed droplets, with increase of the conductivity from the benchmark value of 0.1 S/M to between 8 and 10 S/m. Printability of dense and dispersed patterns has exhibited promising results in terms of increasing the z-axis conductivity without inhibiting the penetration of the epoxy matrix at the processing stage of fiber reinforced composites. The high value and niche prospect of the resulting applications that can stem from CFRPs with increased through thickness electrical conductivities highlights the potential of the presented endeavor, signifying screen printing as the process to to nano-enable z-axis electrical conductivity in composite laminas. This work was co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund and the Republic of Cyprus through the Research and Innovation Foundation (Project: ENTERPRISES/0618/0013). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFRPs" title="CFRPs">CFRPs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conductivity" title=" conductivity"> conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-reinforcement" title=" nano-reinforcement"> nano-reinforcement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screen-printing" title=" screen-printing"> screen-printing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134529/nano-enabling-technical-carbon-fabrics-to-achieve-improved-through-thickness-electrical-conductivity-in-carbon-fiber-reinforced-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134529.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1968</span> A Dynamic Mechanical Thermal T-Peel Test Approach to Characterize Interfacial Behavior of Polymeric Textile Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20R.%20B%C3%BCttler">J. R. Büttler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Pham"> T. Pham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Basic understanding of interfacial mechanisms is of importance for the development of polymer composites. For this purpose, we need techniques to analyze the quality of interphases, their chemical and physical interactions and their strength and fracture resistance. In order to investigate the interfacial phenomena in detail, advanced characterization techniques are favorable. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) using a rheological system is a sensitive tool. T-peel tests were performed with this system, to investigate the temperature-dependent peel behavior of woven textile composites. A model system was made of polyamide (PA) woven fabric laminated with films of polypropylene (PP) or PP modified by grafting with maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH). Firstly, control measurements were performed with solely PP matrixes. Polymer melt investigations, as well as the extensional stress, extensional viscosity and extensional relaxation modulus at -10°C, 100 °C and 170 °C, demonstrate similar viscoelastic behavior for films made of PP-g-MAH and its non-modified PP-control. Frequency sweeps have shown that PP-g-MAH has a zero phase viscosity of around 1600 Pa·s and PP-control has a similar zero phase viscosity of 1345 Pa·s. Also, the gelation points are similar at 2.42*104 Pa (118 rad/s) and 2.81*104 Pa (161 rad/s) for PP-control and PP-g-MAH, respectively. Secondly, the textile composite was analyzed. The extensional stress of PA66 fabric laminated with either PP-control or PP-g-MAH at -10 °C, 25 °C and 170 °C for strain rates of 0.001 – 1 s<sup>-1</sup> was investigated. The laminates containing the modified PP need more stress for T-peeling. However, the strengthening effect due to the modification decreases by increasing temperature and at 170 °C, just above the melting temperature of the matrix, the difference disappears. Independent of the matrix used in the textile composite, there is a decrease of extensional stress by increasing temperature. It appears that the more viscous is the matrix, the weaker the laminar adhesion. Possibly, the measurement is influenced by the fact that the laminate becomes stiffer at lower temperatures. Adhesive lap-shear testing at room temperature supports the findings obtained with the T-peel test. Additional analysis of the textile composite at the microscopic level ensures that the fibers are well embedded in the matrix. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging of a cross section of the composite shows no gaps between the fibers and matrix. Measurements of the water contact angle show that the MAH grafted PP is more polar than the virgin-PP, and that suggests a more favorable chemical interaction of PP-g-MAH with PA, compared to the non-modified PP. In fact, this study indicates that T-peel testing by DMTA is a technique to achieve more insights into polymeric textile composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20mechanical%20thermal%20analysis" title="dynamic mechanical thermal analysis">dynamic mechanical thermal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interphase" title=" interphase"> interphase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyamide" title=" polyamide"> polyamide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypropylene" title=" polypropylene"> polypropylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile%20composite" title=" textile composite"> textile composite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89527/a-dynamic-mechanical-thermal-t-peel-test-approach-to-characterize-interfacial-behavior-of-polymeric-textile-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89527.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1967</span> Polymer-Nanographite Nanocomposites for Biosensor Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Payal%20Mazumdar">Payal Mazumdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunita%20Rattan"> Sunita Rattan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monalisa%20Mukherjee"> Monalisa Mukherjee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymer nanocomposites are a special class of materials having unique properties and wide application in diverse areas such as EMI shielding, sensors, photovoltaic cells, membrane separation properties, drug delivery etc. Recently the nanocomposites are being investigated for their use in biomedical fields as biosensors. Though nanocomposites with carbon nanoparticles have received worldwide attention in the past few years, comparatively less work has been done on nanographite although it has in-plane electrical, thermal and mechanical properties comparable to that of carbon nanotubes. The main challenge in the fabrication of these nanocomposites lies in the establishment of homogeneous dispersion of nanographite in polymer matrix. In the present work, attempts have been made to synthesize the nanocomposites of polystyrene and nanographite using click chemistry. The polymer and the nanographite are functionalized prior to the formation of nanocomposites. The polymer, polystyrene, was functionalized with alkyne moeity and nanographite with azide moiety. The fabricating of the nanocomposites was accomplished through click chemistry using Cu (I)-catalyzed Huisgen dipolar cycloaddition. The functionalization of filler and polymer was confirmed by NMR and FTIR. The nanocomposites formed by the click chemistry exhibit better electrical properties and the sensors are evaluated for their application as biosensors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposites" title="nanocomposites">nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=click%20chemistry" title=" click chemistry"> click chemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanographite" title=" nanographite"> nanographite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosensor" title=" biosensor"> biosensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9241/polymer-nanographite-nanocomposites-for-biosensor-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1966</span> An Approach to Make Low-Cost Self-Compacting Geo-Polymer Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankit%20Chakraborty">Ankit Chakraborty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raj%20Shah"> Raj Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prayas%20Variya"> Prayas Variya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Self-compacting geo-polymer concrete is a blended version of self-compacting concrete developed in Japan by Okamura. H. in 1986 and geo-polymer concrete proposed by Davidovits in 1999. This method is eco-friendly as there is low CO₂ emission and reduces labor cost due to its self-compacting property and zero percent cement content. We are making an approach to reduce concreting cost and make concreting eco-friendly by replacing cement fully and sand by a certain amount of industrial waste. It will reduce overall concreting cost due to its self-compatibility and replacement of materials, forms eco-friendly concreting technique and gives better fresh property and hardened property results compared to self-compacting concrete and geo-polymer concrete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geopolymer%20concrete" title="geopolymer concrete">geopolymer concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20cost%20concreting" title=" low cost concreting"> low cost concreting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20carbon%20emission" title=" low carbon emission"> low carbon emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20compactability" title=" self compactability"> self compactability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77540/an-approach-to-make-low-cost-self-compacting-geo-polymer-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1965</span> BiFeO3-CoFe2O4-PbTiO3 Composites: Structural, Multiferroic and Optical Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Adhlakha">Nidhi Adhlakha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20L.%20Yadav"> K. L. Yadav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three phase magnetoelectric (ME) composites (1-x)(0.7BiFeO3-0.3CoFe2O4)-xPbTiO3 (or equivalently written as (1-x)(0.7BFO-0.3CFO)-xPT) with x variations 0, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45 and 1.0 were synthesized using hybrid processing route. The effects of PT addition on structural, multiferroic and optical properties have been subsequently investigated. A detailed Rietveld refinement analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns has been performed, which confirms the presence of structural phases of individual constituents in the composites. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images are taken for microstructural analysis and grain size determination. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of 0.3CFO-0.7BFO reveals the average particle size to be lying in the window of 8-10 nm. The temperature dependent dielectric constant at various frequencies (1 kHz, 10 kHz, 50 kHz, 100 kHz and 500 kHz) has been studied and the dielectric study reveals that the increase of dielectric constant and decrease of average dielectric loss of composites with incorporation of PT content. The room temperature ferromagnetic behavior of composites is confirmed through the observation of Magnetization vs. Magnetic field (M-H) hysteresis loops. The variation of magnetization with temperature indicates the presence of spin glass behavior in composites. Magnetoelectric coupling is evidenced in the composites through the observation of the dependence of the dielectric constant on the magnetic field, and magnetodielectric response of 2.05 % is observed for 45 mol% addition of PT content. The fractional change of magnetic field induced dielectric constant can also be expressed as ∆ε_r~γM^2 and the value of γ is found to be ~1.08×10-2 (emu/g)-2 for composite with x=0.40. Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of samples is carried out to analyze various bonds formation in the composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title="composite">composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20diffraction" title=" X-ray diffraction"> X-ray diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20properties" title=" dielectric properties"> dielectric properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20properties" title=" optical properties"> optical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19628/bifeo3-cofe2o4-pbtio3-composites-structural-multiferroic-and-optical-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1964</span> Fabrication of Powdery Composites Based Alumina and Its Consolidation by Hot Pressing Method in OXY-GON Furnace</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Kuchukhidze">T. Kuchukhidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Jalagonia"> N. Jalagonia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Korkia"> T. Korkia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Gabunia"> V. Gabunia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Jalabadze"> N. Jalabadze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Chedia"> R. Chedia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, obtaining methods of ultrafine alumina powdery composites and high temperature pressing technology of matrix ceramic composites with different compositions have been discussed. Alumina was obtained by solution combustion synthesis and sol-gel methods. Metal carbides containing powdery composites were obtained by homogenization of finishing powders in nanomills, as well as by their single-step high temperature synthesis .Different types of matrix ceramics composites (α-Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3, α-Al2O3- Y2O3-MgO, α-Al2O3-SiC-Y2O3, α-Al2O3-WC-Co-Y2O3, α-Al2O3- B4C-Y2O3, α-Al2O3- B4C-TiB2 etc.) were obtained by using OXYGON furnace. Consolidation of powders were carried out at 1550- 1750°C (hold time - 1 h, pressure - 50 MPa). Corundum ceramics samples have been obtained and characterized by high hardness and fracture toughness, absence of open porosity, high corrosion resistance. Their density reaches 99.5-99.6% TD. During the work, the following devices have been used: High temperature vacuum furnace OXY-GON Industries Inc (USA), Electronic Scanning Microscopes Nikon Eclipse LV 150, Optical Microscope NMM- 800TRF, Planetary mill Pulverisette 7 premium line, Shimadzu Dynamic Ultra Micro Hardness Tester DUH-211S, Analysette 12 Dynasizer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B1-alumina" title="α-alumina">α-alumina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consolidation" title=" consolidation"> consolidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transformation" title=" phase transformation"> phase transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powdery%20composites" title=" powdery composites"> powdery composites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45803/fabrication-of-powdery-composites-based-alumina-and-its-consolidation-by-hot-pressing-method-in-oxy-gon-furnace" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1963</span> Thermo-Mechanical Properties of PBI Fiber Reinforced HDPE Composites: Effect of Fiber Length and Composition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shan%20Faiz">Shan Faiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arfat%20Anis"> Arfat Anis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20M.%20Al-Zarani"> Saeed M. Al-Zarani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High density polyethylene (HDPE) and poly benzimidazole fiber (PBI) composites were prepared by melt blending in a twin screw extruder (TSE). The thermo-mechanical properties of PBI fiber reinforced HDPE composite samples (1%, 4% and 8% fiber content) of fiber lengths 3 mm and 6 mm were investigated using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), universal testing machine (UTM), rheometer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of fiber content and fiber lengths on the thermo-mechanical properties of the HDPE-PBI composites was studied. The DSC analysis showed decrease in crystallinity of HDPE-PBI composites with the increase of fiber loading. Maximum decrease observed was 12% at 8% fiber length. The thermal stability was found to increase with the addition of fiber. T50% was notably increased to 40oC for both grades of HDPE using 8% of fiber content. The mechanical properties were not much affected by the increase in fiber content. The optimum value of tensile strength was achieved using 4% fiber content and slight increase of 9% in tensile strength was observed. No noticeable change was observed in flexural strength. In rheology study, the complex viscosities of HDPE-PBI composites were higher than the HDPE matrix and substantially increased with even minimum increase of PBI fiber loading i.e. 1%. We found that the addition of the PBI fiber resulted in a modest improvement in the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the prepared composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PBI%20fiber" title="PBI fiber">PBI fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20density%20polyethylene" title=" high density polyethylene"> high density polyethylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composites" title=" composites"> composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melt%20blending" title=" melt blending"> melt blending</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26194/thermo-mechanical-properties-of-pbi-fiber-reinforced-hdpe-composites-effect-of-fiber-length-and-composition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1962</span> Behavioural Studies on Multidirectional Reinforced 4-D Orthogonal Composites on Various Preform Configurations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sriram%20Venkatesh">Sriram Venkatesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Murali%20Mohan"> V. Murali Mohan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20V.%20Karthikeyan"> T. V. Karthikeyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main advantage of multi-directionally reinforced composites is the freedom to orient selected fibre types and hence derives the benefits of varying fibre volume fractions and there by accommodate the design loads of the final structure of composites. This technology provides the means to produce tailored composites with desired properties. Due to the high level of fibre integrity with through thickness reinforcement those composites are expected to exhibit superior load bearing characteristics with capability to carry load even after noticeable and apparent fracture. However a survey of published literature indicates inadequacy in the design and test data base for the complete characterization of the multidirectional composites. In this paper the research objective is focused on the development and testing of 4-D orthogonal composites with different preform configurations and resin systems. A preform is the skeleton 4D reinforced composite other than the matrix. In 4-D preforms fibre bundles are oriented in three directions at 1200 with respect to each other and they are on orthogonal plane with the fibre in 4th direction. This paper addresses the various types of 4-D composite manufacturing processes and the mechanical test methods followed for the material characterization. A composite analysis is also made, experiments on course and fine woven preforms are conducted and the findings of test results are discussed in this paper. The interpretations of the test results reveal several useful and interesting features. This should pave the way for more widespread use of the perform configurations for allied applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-directionally%20reinforced%20composites" title="multi-directionally reinforced composites">multi-directionally reinforced composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4-D%20orthogonal%20preform" title=" 4-D orthogonal preform"> 4-D orthogonal preform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=course%20weave" title=" course weave"> course weave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine%20weave" title=" fine weave"> fine weave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibre%20bundle%20spools" title=" fibre bundle spools"> fibre bundle spools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unit%20cell" title=" unit cell"> unit cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibre%20architecture" title=" fibre architecture"> fibre architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibre%20volume%20fraction" title=" fibre volume fraction"> fibre volume fraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibre%20distribution" title=" fibre distribution"> fibre distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5808/behavioural-studies-on-multidirectional-reinforced-4-d-orthogonal-composites-on-various-preform-configurations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5808.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1961</span> Production, Characterisation, and in vitro Degradation and Biocompatibility of a Solvent-Free Polylactic-Acid/Hydroxyapatite Composite for 3D-Printed Maxillofacial Bone-Regeneration Implants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Amnael%20Orozco-Diaz">Carlos Amnael Orozco-Diaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20David%20Moorehead"> Robert David Moorehead</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gwendolen%20Reilly"> Gwendolen Reilly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiona%20Gilchrist"> Fiona Gilchrist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheryl%20Ann%20Miller"> Cheryl Ann Miller</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current gold-standard for maxillofacial reconstruction surgery (MRS) utilizes auto-grafted cancellous bone as a filler. This study was aimed towards developing a polylactic-acid/hydroxyapatite (PLA-HA) composite suitable for fused-deposition 3D printing. Functionalization of the polymer through the addition of HA was directed to promoting bone-regeneration properties so that the material can rival the performance of cancellous bone grafts in terms of bone-lesion repair. This kind of composite enables the production of MRS implants based off 3D-reconstructions from image studies – namely computed tomography – for anatomically-correct fitting. The present study encompassed in-vitro degradation and in-vitro biocompatibility profiling for 3D-printed PLA and PLA-HA composites. PLA filament (Verbatim Co.) and Captal S hydroxyapatite micro-scale HA powder (Plasma Biotal Ltd) were used to produce PLA-HA composites at 5, 10, and 20%-by-weight HA concentration. These were extruded into 3D-printing filament, and processed in a BFB-3000 3D-Printer (3D Systems Co.) into tensile specimens, and were mechanically challenged as per ASTM D638-03. Furthermore, tensile specimens were subjected to accelerated degradation in phosphate-buffered saline solution at 70°C for 23 days, as per ISO-10993-13-2010. This included monitoring of mass loss (through dry-weighing), crystallinity (through thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis), molecular weight (through gel-permeation chromatography), and tensile strength. In-vitro biocompatibility analysis included cell-viability and extracellular matrix deposition, which were performed both on flat surfaces and on 3D-constructs – both produced through 3D-printing. Discs of 1 cm in diameter and cubic 3D-meshes of 1 cm3 were 3D printed in PLA and PLA-HA composites (n = 6). The samples were seeded with 5000 MG-63 osteosarcoma-like cells, with cell viability extrapolated throughout 21 days via resazurin reduction assays. As evidence of osteogenicity, collagen and calcium deposition were indirectly estimated through Sirius Red staining and Alizarin Red staining respectively. Results have shown that 3D printed PLA loses structural integrity as early as the first day of accelerated degradation, which was significantly faster than the literature suggests. This was reflected in the loss of tensile strength down to untestable brittleness. During degradation, mass loss, molecular weight, and crystallinity behaved similarly to results found in similar studies for PLA. All composite versions and pure PLA were found to perform equivalent to tissue-culture plastic (TCP) in supporting the seeded-cell population. Significant differences (p = 0.05) were found on collagen deposition for higher HA concentrations, with composite samples performing better than pure PLA and TCP. Additionally, per-cell-calcium deposition on the 3D-meshes was significantly lower when comparing 3D-meshes to discs of the same material (p = 0.05). These results support the idea that 3D-printable PLA-HA composites are a viable resorbable material for artificial grafts for bone-regeneration. Degradation data suggests that 3D-printing of these materials – as opposed to other manufacturing methods – might result in faster resorption than currently-used PLA implants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20regeneration%20implants" title="bone regeneration implants">bone regeneration implants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D-printing" title=" 3D-printing"> 3D-printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20testing" title=" in vitro testing"> in vitro testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocompatibility" title=" biocompatibility"> biocompatibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20degradation" title=" polymer degradation"> polymer degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer-ceramic%20composites" title=" polymer-ceramic composites"> polymer-ceramic composites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95371/production-characterisation-and-in-vitro-degradation-and-biocompatibility-of-a-solvent-free-polylactic-acidhydroxyapatite-composite-for-3d-printed-maxillofacial-bone-regeneration-implants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1960</span> Segmental Dynamics of Poly(Alkyl Methacrylate) Chain in Ultra-Thin Spin-Cast Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroyuki%20Aoki">Hiroyuki Aoki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymeric materials are often used in a form of thin film such as food wrap and surface coating. In such the applications, polymer films thinner than 100 nm have been often used. The thickness of such the ultra-thin film is less than the unperturbed size of a polymer chain; therefore, the polymer chain in an ultra-thin film is strongly constrained. However, the details on the constrained dynamics of polymer molecules in ultra-thin films are still unclear. In the current study, the segmental dynamics of single polymer chain was directly investigated by fluorescence microscopy. The individual chains of poly(alkyl methacrylate) labeled by a perylenediimide dye molecule were observed by a highly sensitive fluorescence microscope in a defocus condition. The translational and rotational diffusion of the center segment in a single polymer chain was directly analyzed. The segmental motion in a thin film with a thickness of 10 nm was found to be suppressed compared to that in a bulk state. The detailed analysis of the molecular motion revealed that the diffusion rate of the in-plane rotation was similar to the thin film and the bulk; on the other hand, the out-of-plane motion was restricted in a thin film. This result indicates that the spatial restriction in an ultra-thin film thinner than the unperturbed chain dimension alters the dynamics of individual molecules in a polymer system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20materials" title="polymer materials">polymer materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20molecule" title=" single molecule"> single molecule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20motion" title=" molecular motion"> molecular motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluorescence%20microscopy" title=" fluorescence microscopy"> fluorescence microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super-resolution%20techniques" title=" super-resolution techniques"> super-resolution techniques</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73362/segmental-dynamics-of-polyalkyl-methacrylate-chain-in-ultra-thin-spin-cast-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1959</span> The Effect of Silanization on Alumina for Improving the Compatibility with Poly(Methacrylic Acid) Matrix for Dental Restorative Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrei%20Tiberiu%20Cucuruz">Andrei Tiberiu Cucuruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ecaterina%20Andronescu"> Ecaterina Andronescu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20Daniela%20Ghitulica"> Cristina Daniela Ghitulica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreia%20Cucuruz"> Andreia Cucuruz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In modern dentistry, the application of resin-based composites continues to increase and in the majority of countries has completely replaced mercury amalgams. Alumina (Al2O3) is a representative bioinert ceramic with a variety of applications in industry as well as in medicine. Alumina has the potential to improve electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity of polymers. The application of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) in medicine was poorly investigated in the past but can lead to good results by the incorporation of alumina particles that can bring bioinertness to the composite. However, because of the differences related to chemical bonding of these materials, the interaction is very weak at the interface leading to no significant values in practical situations. The aim of this work was to modify the structure of alumina with silane coupling agents and to study the influence of silanization on the physicomechanical properties of the resulting composite materials. Two silanes were used in this study: 3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane (APTMS) and dichlorodimethylsilane (DCDMS). Both silanes proved to have a significant effect on the overall performance of composites by establishing bonds with the polymer matrix and the filler. All these improvements in dental adhesive systems made for bonding resin composites to tooth structure have enhanced the clinical application of polymeric restorative materials to the position that they are now considered the material of choice for esthetic restoration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alumina" title="alumina">alumina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20materials" title=" dental materials"> dental materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silane%20coupling%20agents" title=" silane coupling agents"> silane coupling agents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly%28methacrylic%20acid%29" title=" poly(methacrylic acid) "> poly(methacrylic acid) </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62767/the-effect-of-silanization-on-alumina-for-improving-the-compatibility-with-polymethacrylic-acid-matrix-for-dental-restorative-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1958</span> Wear Behaviors of B4C and SiC Particle Reinforced AZ91 Magnesium Matrix Metal Composites </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20E.%20Turan">M. E. Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Zengin"> H. Zengin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Cevik"> E. Cevik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Sun"> Y. Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Turen"> Y. Turen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ahlatci"> H. Ahlatci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effects of B<sub>4</sub>C and SiC particle reinforcements on wear properties of magnesium matrix metal composites produced by pressure infiltration method were investigated. AZ91 (9%Al-1%Zn) magnesium alloy was used as a matrix. AZ91 magnesium alloy was melted under an argon atmosphere. The melt was infiltrated to the particles with an appropriate pressure. Wear tests, hardness tests were performed respectively. Microstructure characterizations were examined by light optical (LOM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that uniform particle distributions were achieved in both B<sub>4</sub>C and SiC reinforced composites. Wear behaviors of magnesium matrix metal composites changed as a function of type of particles. SiC reinforced composite has better wear performance and higher hardness than B<sub>4</sub>C reinforced composite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium%20matrix%20composite" title="magnesium matrix composite">magnesium matrix composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20infiltration" title=" pressure infiltration"> pressure infiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56230/wear-behaviors-of-b4c-and-sic-particle-reinforced-az91-magnesium-matrix-metal-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1957</span> Biochar Affects Compressive Strength of Portland Cement Composites: A Meta-Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhihao%20Zhao">Zhihao Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20El-Nagger"> Ali El-Nagger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johnson%20Kau"> Johnson Kau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chris%20Olson"> Chris Olson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douglas%20Tomlinson"> Douglas Tomlinson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Scott%20X.%20Chang"> Scott X. Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One strategy to reduce CO₂ emissions from cement production is to reduce the amount of Portland cement produced by replacing it with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Biochar is a potential SCM that is an eco-friendly and stable porous pyrolytic material. However, the effects of biochar addition on the performances of Portland cement composites are not fully understood. This meta-analysis investigated the impact of biochar addition on the 7- and 28-day compressive strength of Portland cement composites based on 606 paired observations. Biochar feedstock type, pyrolysis conditions, pre-treatments and modifications, biochar dosage, and curing type all influenced the compressive strength of Portland cement composites. Biochars obtained from plant-based feedstocks (except rice and hardwood) improved the 28-day compressive strength of Portland cement composites by 3-13%. Biochars produced at pyrolysis temperatures higher than 450 °C, with a heating rate of around 10 °C/min, increased the 28-day compressive strength more effectively. Furthermore, the addition of biochars with small particle sizes increased the compressive strength of Portland cement composites by 2-7% compared to those without biochar addition. Biochar dosage of < 2.5% of the binder weight enhanced both compressive strengths and common curing methods maintained the effect of biochar addition. However, when mixing the cement, adding fine and coarse aggregates such as sand and gravel affects the concrete and mortar's compressive strength, diminishing the effect of biochar addition and making the biochar effect nonsignificant. We conclude that appropriate biochar addition could maintain or enhance the mechanical performance of Portland cement composites, and future research should explore the mechanisms of biochar effects on the performance of cement composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochar" title="biochar">biochar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Portland%20cement" title=" Portland cement"> Portland cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constructure" title=" constructure"> constructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-analysis" title=" meta-analysis"> meta-analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182874/biochar-affects-compressive-strength-of-portland-cement-composites-a-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1956</span> High and Low Salinity Polymer in Omani Oil Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Intisar%20Al%20Busaidi">Intisar Al Busaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashid%20Al%20Maamari"> Rashid Al Maamari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daowoud%20Al%20Mahroqi"> Daowoud Al Mahroqi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahvash%20Karimi"> Mahvash Karimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, some research studies have been performed on the hybrid application of polymer and low salinity water flooding (LSWF). Numerous technical and economic benefits of low salinity polymer flooding (LSPF) have been reported. However, as with any EOR technology, there are various risks involved in using LSPF. Ions exchange between porous media and brine is one of the Crude oil/ brine/ rocks (COBR) reactions that is identified as a potential risk in LSPF. To the best of our knowledge, this conclusion was drawn based on bulk rheology measurements, and no explanation was provided on how water chemistry changed in the presence of polymer. Therefore, this study aimed to understand rock/ brine interactions with high and low salinity brine in the absence and presence of polymer with Omani reservoir core plugs. Many single-core flooding experiments were performed with low and high salinity polymer solutions to investigate the influence of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylic amide with different brine salinities on cation exchange reactions. Ion chromatography (IC), total organic carbon (TOC), rheological, and pH measurements were conducted for produced aqueous phase. A higher increase in pH and lower polymer adsorption was observed in LSPF compared with conventional polymer flooding. In addition, IC measurements showed that all produced fluids in the absence and presence of polymer showed elevated Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K+, Cl- and SO₄²⁻ ions compared to the injected fluids. However, the divalent cations levels, mainly Ca²⁺, were the highest and remained elevated for several pore volumes in the presence of LSP. The results are in line with rheological measurements where the highest viscosity reduction was recorded with the highest level of Ca²⁺ production. Despite the viscosity loss due to cation exchange reactions, LSP can be an attractive alternative to conventional polymer flooding in the Marmul field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer" title="polymer">polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ions" title=" ions"> ions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange" title=" exchange"> exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recovery" title=" recovery"> recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20salinity" title=" low salinity"> low salinity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149596/high-and-low-salinity-polymer-in-omani-oil-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1955</span> Dye Retention by a Photochemicaly Crosslinked Poly(2-Hydroxy-Ethyl-Meth-Acrylic) Network in Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasmina%20Houda%20Bendahma">Yasmina Houda Bendahma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tewfik%20Bouchaour"> Tewfik Bouchaour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meriem%20Merad"> Meriem Merad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ulrich%20Maschke"> Ulrich Maschke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this work is to study retention of dye dissolved in distilled water, by an hydrophilic acrylic polymer network. The polymer network considered is Poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA): it is prepared by photo-polymerization under UV irradiation in the presence of a monomer (HEMA), initiator and an agent cross-linker. PHEMA polymer network obtained can be used in the retention of dye molecules present in the wastewater. The results obtained are interesting in the study of the kinetics of swelling and de-swelling of cross linked polymer networks PHEMA in colored aqueous solutions. The dyes used for retention by the PHEMA networks are eosin Y and Malachite Green, dissolved in distilled water. Theoretical conformational study by a simplified molecular model of system cross linked PHEMA / dye (eosin Y and Malachite Green), is used to simulate the retention phenomenon (or Docking) dye molecules in cavities in nano-domains included in the PHEMA polymer network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye%20retention" title="dye retention">dye retention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20modeling" title=" molecular modeling"> molecular modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photochemically%20crosslinked%20polymer%20network" title=" photochemically crosslinked polymer network"> photochemically crosslinked polymer network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swelling%20deswelling" title=" swelling deswelling"> swelling deswelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PHEMA" title=" PHEMA"> PHEMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEMA" title=" HEMA"> HEMA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33085/dye-retention-by-a-photochemicaly-crosslinked-poly2-hydroxy-ethyl-meth-acrylic-network-in-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1954</span> Characterization of an Almond Shell Composite Based on PHBH</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Ivorra-Martinez">J. Ivorra-Martinez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Quiles-Carrillo"> L. Quiles-Carrillo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Gomez-Caturla"> J. Gomez-Caturla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Boronat"> T. Boronat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Balart"> R. Balart</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The utilization of almond crop by-products to obtain PHBH-based composites was carried out by using an extrusion process followed by an injection to obtain test samples. To improve the properties of the resulting composite, the incorporation of OLA 8 as a coupling agent and plasticizer was additionally considered. A characterization process was carried out by the measurement of mechanical properties, thermal properties, surface morphology, and water absorption ability. The use of the almond residue allows obtaining composites based on PHBH with a higher environmental interest and lower cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=almond%20shell" title="almond shell">almond shell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PHBH" title=" PHBH"> PHBH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composites" title=" composites"> composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compatibilization" title=" compatibilization"> compatibilization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147365/characterization-of-an-almond-shell-composite-based-on-phbh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1953</span> Bending Test Characteristics for Splicing of Thermoplastic Polymer Using Hot Gas Welding </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prantasi%20Harmi%20%20Tjahjanti">Prantasi Harmi Tjahjanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iswanto%20Iswanto"> Iswanto Iswanto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edi%20%20Widodo"> Edi Widodo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sholeh%20%20Pamuji"> Sholeh Pamuji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Materials of the thermoplastic polymer when they break is usually thrown away, or is recycled which requires a long process. The purpose of this study is to splice the broken thermoplastic polymer using hot gas welding with different variations of welding wire/electrodes. Materials of thermoplastic polymer used are Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), and Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by using welding wire like the three materials. The method is carried out by using hot gas welding; there are two materials that cannot be connected, namely PE with PVC welding wire, and PP with PVC welding wire. The permeable liquid penetrant test is PP with PE welding wire, and PVC with PE welding wire. The best bending test result with the longest elongation is PE with PE welding wire with a bending test value of 179.03 kgf/mm². The microstructure was all described in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoplastic%20polymers" title="thermoplastic polymers">thermoplastic polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20test" title=" bending test"> bending test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyethylene%20%28PE%29" title=" polyethylene (PE)"> polyethylene (PE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypropylene%20%28PP%29" title=" polypropylene (PP)"> polypropylene (PP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyvinyl%20chloride%20%28PVC%29" title=" polyvinyl chloride (PVC)"> polyvinyl chloride (PVC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20gas%20welding" title=" hot gas welding"> hot gas welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20test" title=" bending test"> bending test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136833/bending-test-characteristics-for-splicing-of-thermoplastic-polymer-using-hot-gas-welding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1952</span> Accelerated Ageing of Unidirectional Flax Fibers Reinforced Recycled Polypropylene Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lara%20Alam">Lara Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laetitia%20Van-Schoors"> Laetitia Van-Schoors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olivier%20Sicot"> Olivier Sicot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benoit%20Piezel"> Benoit Piezel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahram%20Aivazzadeh"> Shahram Aivazzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the last decades, worldwide environmental awareness has grown due to the depletion of raw material resources and global warming. This awareness has prompted the development of new products more environmentally friendly. Among these products are biocomposite materials reinforced with natural fibers. The main challenge in developing the use of biocomposites in exterior applications is the lack of knowledge about their durability and the evolution of their mechanical and physico-chemical properties in the long term. Few studies have been carried out on the photooxidation of unidirectional (UD) composites based on recycled matrix, which is the aim of this work. For this purpose, UD flax fiber composites based on recycled polypropylene were prepared by thermocompression. An accelerated aging test was carried out using a xenon arc WeatherOmeter. The consequences of UV exposure on the chemical composition and morphology of the surface of composites as well as on their tensile mechanical properties have been reported. The results showed that accelerated aging had a significant effect on the surface of these composites while it had little impact on their mechanical properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flax%20fiber" title="flax fiber">flax fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photooxidation" title=" photooxidation"> photooxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physico-chemical%20properties" title=" physico-chemical properties"> physico-chemical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20polypropylene" title=" recycled polypropylene"> recycled polypropylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20properties" title=" tensile properties"> tensile properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141984/accelerated-ageing-of-unidirectional-flax-fibers-reinforced-recycled-polypropylene-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1951</span> Development and Characterization of Wear Properties of Aluminum 8011 Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20K.%20Shivanand">H. K. Shivanand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Yogananda"> A. Yogananda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of present investigation is to study the effect of reinforcements on the wear properties of E-Glass short fibers and Flyash reinforced Al 8011 hybrid metal matrix composites. The alloy of Al 8011 reinforced with E-glass and fly ash particulates are prepared by simple stir casting method. The MMC is obtained for different composition of E-glass and flyash particulates (varying E-glass with constant fly ash and varying flyash with constant E-glass percentage). The wear results of ascast hybrid composites with different compositions of reinforcements at varying sliding speeds and different loads are discussed. The results reveals that as the percentage of reinforcement increases wear rate will decrease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20matrix%20composites" title="metal matrix composites">metal matrix composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%20alloy%208011" title=" aluminum alloy 8011"> aluminum alloy 8011</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stir%20casting" title=" stir casting"> stir casting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20test" title=" wear test"> wear test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34617/development-and-characterization-of-wear-properties-of-aluminum-8011-hybrid-metal-matrix-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34617.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1950</span> Comparative Parametric Analysis on the Dynamic Response of Fibre Composite Beams with Debonding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indunil%20Jayatilake">Indunil Jayatilake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Warna%20Karunasena"> Warna Karunasena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites enjoy an array of applications ranging from aerospace, marine and military to automobile, recreational and civil industry due to their outstanding properties. A structural glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite sandwich panel made from E-glass fiber skin and a modified phenolic core has been manufactured in Australia for civil engineering applications. One of the major mechanisms of damage in FRP composites is skin-core debonding. The presence of debonding is of great concern not only because it severely affects the strength but also it modifies the dynamic characteristics of the structure, including natural frequency and vibration modes. This paper deals with the investigation of the dynamic characteristics of a GFRP beam with single and multiple debonding by finite element based numerical simulations and analyses using the STRAND7 finite element (FE) software package. Three-dimensional computer models have been developed and numerical simulations were done to assess the dynamic behavior. The FE model developed has been validated with published experimental, analytical and numerical results for fully bonded as well as debonded beams. A comparative analysis is carried out based on a comprehensive parametric investigation. It is observed that the reduction in natural frequency is more affected by single debonding than the equally sized multiple debonding regions located symmetrically to the single debonding position. Thus it is revealed that a large single debonding area leads to more damage in terms of natural frequency reduction than isolated small debonding zones of equivalent area, appearing in the GFRP beam. Furthermore, the extents of natural frequency shifts seem mode-dependent and do not seem to have a monotonous trend of increasing with the mode numbers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=debonding" title="debonding">debonding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20response" title=" dynamic response"> dynamic response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20modelling" title=" finite element modelling"> finite element modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=novel%20FRP%20beams" title=" novel FRP beams"> novel FRP beams</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114006/comparative-parametric-analysis-on-the-dynamic-response-of-fibre-composite-beams-with-debonding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1949</span> Fabrication of Nanoengineered Radiation Shielding Multifunctional Polymeric Sandwich Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasim%20Abuali%20Galehdari">Nasim Abuali Galehdari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venkat%20Mani"> Venkat Mani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajit%20D.%20Kelkar"> Ajit D. Kelkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Space Radiation has become one of the major factors in successful long duration space exploration. Exposure to space radiation not only can affect the health of astronauts but also can disrupt or damage materials and electronics. Hazards to materials include degradation of properties, such as, modulus, strength, or glass transition temperature. Electronics may experience single event effects, gate rupture, burnout of field effect transistors and noise. Presently aluminum is the major component in most of the space structures due to its lightweight and good structural properties. However, aluminum is ineffective at blocking space radiation. Therefore, most of the past research involved studying at polymers which contain large amounts of hydrogen. Again, these materials are not structural materials and would require large amounts of material to achieve the structural properties needed. One of the materials to alleviate this problem is polymeric composite materials, which has good structural properties and use polymers that contained large amounts of hydrogen. This paper presents steps involved in fabrication of multi-functional hybrid sandwich panels that can provide beneficial radiation shielding as well as structural strength. Multifunctional hybrid sandwich panels were manufactured using vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process and were subjected to radiation treatment. Study indicates that various nanoparticles including Boron Nano powder, Boron Carbide and Gadolinium nanoparticles can be successfully used to block the space radiation without sacrificing the structural integrity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-functional" title="multi-functional">multi-functional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20composites" title=" polymer composites"> polymer composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20shielding" title=" radiation shielding"> radiation shielding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20composites" title=" sandwich composites"> sandwich composites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44771/fabrication-of-nanoengineered-radiation-shielding-multifunctional-polymeric-sandwich-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a 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