CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Toledo Cathedral - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4f6adc0d-33f8-42f4-8da2-dbc8f62daed3","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Toledo_Cathedral","wgTitle":"Toledo Cathedral","wgCurRevisionId":1256145886,"wgRevisionId":1256145886,"wgArticleId":30865360,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from September 2024","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles needing additional references from July 2023","All articles needing additional references","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles containing Spanish-language text","Coordinates on Wikidata", "All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from November 2009","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Roman Catholic churches completed in 1493","15th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Spain","Roman Catholic cathedrals in Castilla–La Mancha","Church buildings with domes","Former mosques in Spain","Conversion of non-Christian religious buildings and structures into churches","Roman Catholic churches in Toledo, Spain","Gothic architecture in Castilla–La Mancha","Burial sites of the House of Burgundy-Portugal","Burial sites of the Castilian House of Burgundy"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Toledo_Cathedral","wgRelevantArticleId":30865360,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{ "levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":100000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":39.857083333333335,"lon":-4.023888888888889},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1123180","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={ "ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth", "ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg/1200px-Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1128"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg/800px-Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="752"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg/640px-Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="602"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Toledo Cathedral - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toledo_Cathedral"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toledo_Cathedral"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Toledo_Cathedral rootpage-Toledo_Cathedral skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Toledo+Cathedral" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Toledo+Cathedral" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Toledo+Cathedral" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Toledo+Cathedral" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Origins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Cathedral_of_Alfonso_VI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Cathedral_of_Alfonso_VI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>The Cathedral of Alfonso VI</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Cathedral_of_Alfonso_VI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Cathedral_of_the_Archbishop_Ximénez_de_Rada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Cathedral_of_the_Archbishop_Ximénez_de_Rada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>The Cathedral of the Archbishop Ximénez de Rada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Cathedral_of_the_Archbishop_Ximénez_de_Rada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>The building</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-The_building-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle The building subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-The_building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_master_builders_and_their_patrons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_master_builders_and_their_patrons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>The master builders and their patrons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_master_builders_and_their_patrons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Great_patrons_of_the_16th_century:_works_and_artists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Great_patrons_of_the_16th_century:_works_and_artists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Great patrons of the 16th century: works and artists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Great_patrons_of_the_16th_century:_works_and_artists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exterior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exterior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Exterior</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Exterior-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Exterior subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Exterior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Main_façade_and_the_great_portals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_façade_and_the_great_portals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Main façade and the great portals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_façade_and_the_great_portals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Portal_of_the_Clock" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portal_of_the_Clock"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Portal of the Clock</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portal_of_the_Clock-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portal_of_the_Lions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portal_of_the_Lions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Portal of the Lions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portal_of_the_Lions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_portals_and_façades_of_the_cathedral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_portals_and_façades_of_the_cathedral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Other portals and façades of the cathedral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_portals_and_façades_of_the_cathedral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Level_Portal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Level_Portal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Level Portal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Level_Portal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Façade_of_Saint_Katherine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Façade_of_Saint_Katherine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Façade of Saint Katherine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Façade_of_Saint_Katherine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portal_of_the_Presentation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portal_of_the_Presentation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>Portal of the Presentation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portal_of_the_Presentation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tower" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tower"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Tower</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tower-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Interior</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Interior-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Interior subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Interior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Main_Chapel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_Chapel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Main Chapel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_Chapel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chapel_of_the_Sepulchre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapel_of_the_Sepulchre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Chapel of the Sepulchre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapel_of_the_Sepulchre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retable" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retable"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Retable</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retable-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sepulchre_of_Cardinal_Mendoza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sepulchre_of_Cardinal_Mendoza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Sepulchre of Cardinal Mendoza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sepulchre_of_Cardinal_Mendoza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_interior_chapels:_overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_interior_chapels:_overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>The interior chapels: overview</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_interior_chapels:_overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mozarabic_chapel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mozarabic_chapel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Mozarabic chapel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mozarabic_chapel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapel_of_the_New_Monarchs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapel_of_the_New_Monarchs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Chapel of the New Monarchs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapel_of_the_New_Monarchs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapels_of_the_south_wall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapels_of_the_south_wall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Chapels of the south wall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapels_of_the_south_wall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapels_of_the_ambulatory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapels_of_the_ambulatory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Chapels of the ambulatory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapels_of_the_ambulatory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_original_chapels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_original_chapels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.1</span> <span>The original chapels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_original_chapels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Chapterhouse_(Sala_Capitular)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Chapterhouse_(Sala_Capitular)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.2</span> <span>The Chapterhouse (<i>Sala Capitular</i>)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Chapterhouse_(Sala_Capitular)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapel_of_Saint_James" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapel_of_Saint_James"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Chapel of Saint James</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapel_of_Saint_James-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapels_of_the_north_wall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapels_of_the_north_wall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Chapels of the north wall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapels_of_the_north_wall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Composite_unity_of_the_Herrerian_spaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composite_unity_of_the_Herrerian_spaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Composite unity of the Herrerian spaces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composite_unity_of_the_Herrerian_spaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sacristy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sacristy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7.1</span> <span>Sacristy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sacristy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapel_of_the_Virgin_of_the_Tabernacle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapel_of_the_Virgin_of_the_Tabernacle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7.2</span> <span>Chapel of the Virgin of the Tabernacle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapel_of_the_Virgin_of_the_Tabernacle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapel_of_the_Eighths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapel_of_the_Eighths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7.3</span> <span>Chapel of the Eighths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapel_of_the_Eighths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stained_glass_windows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stained_glass_windows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Stained glass windows</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stained_glass_windows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-El_Transparente" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#El_Transparente"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>El Transparente</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-El_Transparente-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Renaissance_Rejería_in_the_cathedral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Renaissance_Rejería_in_the_cathedral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>The Renaissance Rejería in the cathedral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Renaissance_Rejería_in_the_cathedral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_Treasure_of_the_cathedral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_Treasure_of_the_cathedral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>Main Treasure of the cathedral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_Treasure_of_the_cathedral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Great_Monstrance_of_Arfe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Great_Monstrance_of_Arfe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11.1</span> <span>The Great Monstrance of Arfe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Great_Monstrance_of_Arfe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monarchs_buried_in_the_cathedral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monarchs_buried_in_the_cathedral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>Monarchs buried in the cathedral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monarchs_buried_in_the_cathedral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cloister" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cloister"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Cloister</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cloister-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cloister subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cloister-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Chapel_of_Saint_Blaise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Chapel_of_Saint_Blaise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>The Chapel of Saint Blaise</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Chapel_of_Saint_Blaise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_of_the_cathedral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_of_the_cathedral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Music of the cathedral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_of_the_cathedral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Model_and_influence_of_the_cathedral_in_religious_architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Model_and_influence_of_the_cathedral_in_religious_architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Model and influence of the cathedral in religious architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Model_and_influence_of_the_cathedral_in_religious_architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Toledo Cathedral</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A9" title="كاتدرائية طليطلة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كاتدرائية طليطلة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catedral_de_Toledo" title="Catedral de Toledo – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Catedral de Toledo" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toledo_kafedral%C4%B1" title="Toledo kafedralı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Toledo kafedralı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Таледскі сабор – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Таледскі сабор" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catedral_de_Toledo" title="Catedral de Toledo – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Catedral de Toledo" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katedr%C3%A1la_Nanebevzet%C3%AD_Panny_Marie_(Toledo)" title="Katedrála Nanebevzetí Panny Marie (Toledo) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Katedrála Nanebevzetí Panny Marie (Toledo)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathedrale_von_Toledo" title="Kathedrale von Toledo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kathedrale von Toledo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B5%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B4%CE%BF" title="Καθεδρικός του Τολέδο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καθεδρικός του Τολέδο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catedral_de_Toledo" title="Catedral de Toledo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Catedral de Toledo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katedralo_de_Toledo" title="Katedralo de Toledo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Katedralo de Toledo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toledoko_Santa_Maria_Katedrala" title="Toledoko Santa Maria Katedrala – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Toledoko Santa Maria Katedrala" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88" title="کلیسای جامع تولدو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلیسای جامع تولدو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_Sainte-Marie_de_Tol%C3%A8de" title="Cathédrale Sainte-Marie de Tolède – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cathédrale Sainte-Marie de Tolède" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katedraal_fan_Toledo" title="Katedraal fan Toledo – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Katedraal fan Toledo" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardeaglais_Toledo" title="Ardeaglais Toledo – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ardeaglais Toledo" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catedral_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Toledo" title="Catedral de Santa María de Toledo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Catedral de Santa María de Toledo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A8%EB%A0%88%EB%8F%84_%EB%8C%80%EC%84%B1%EB%8B%B9" title="톨레도 대성당 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="톨레도 대성당" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B3%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Տոլեդոյի տաճար – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տոլեդոյի տաճար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0" title="तोलेदो गिरजाघर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तोलेदो गिरजाघर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katedral_Toledo" title="Katedral Toledo – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Katedral Toledo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattedrale_di_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Toledo" title="Cattedrale di Santa María de Toledo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cattedrale di Santa María de Toledo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%AA%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%AA_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%95" title="קתדרלת טולדו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קתדרלת טולדו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%AB%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ტოლედოს საკათედრო ტაძარი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტოლედოს საკათედრო ტაძარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%88" title="كاتدرائية توليدو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كاتدرائية توليدو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathedraal_van_Toledo" title="Kathedraal van Toledo – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kathedraal van Toledo" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC%E3%83%89%E5%A4%A7%E8%81%96%E5%A0%82" title="トレド大聖堂 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トレド大聖堂" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%8B_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%B0" title="ਤੋਲੇਦੋ ਵੱਡਾ ਗਿਰਜਾਘਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੋਲੇਦੋ ਵੱਡਾ ਗਿਰਜਾਘਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katedra_Naj%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tszej_Marii_Panny_w_Toledo" title="Katedra Najświętszej Marii Panny w Toledo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Katedra Najświętszej Marii Panny w Toledo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catedral_de_Toledo" title="Catedral de Toledo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Catedral de Toledo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catedrala_din_Toledo" title="Catedrala din Toledo – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Catedrala din Toledo" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Толедский собор – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Толедский собор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toledo_Cathedral" title="Toledo Cathedral – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Toledo Cathedral" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stolnica_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Toledo,_%C5%A0panija" title="Stolnica Santa María de Toledo, Španija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Stolnica Santa María de Toledo, Španija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toledon_katedraali" title="Toledon katedraali – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Toledon katedraali" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="டொலேடோ பெருங்கோவில் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="டொலேடோ பெருங்கோவில்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toledo_Katedrali" title="Toledo Katedrali – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Toledo Katedrali" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Толедський собор – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Толедський собор" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B7%D9%84%DB%81_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%D8%B1%D9%84" title="طلیطلہ کیتھیڈرل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طلیطلہ کیتھیڈرل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_th%E1%BB%9D_ch%C3%ADnh_t%C3%B2a_Toledo" title="Nhà thờ chính tòa Toledo – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhà thờ chính tòa Toledo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E8%8E%B1%E5%A4%9A%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E5%BA%A7%E5%A0%82" title="托莱多主教座堂 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="托莱多主教座堂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1123180#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Cathedral" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Toledo_Cathedral" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Cathedral"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Cathedral"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Toledo_Cathedral" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Toledo_Cathedral" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&oldid=1256145886" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Toledo_Cathedral&id=1256145886&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FToledo_Cathedral"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FToledo_Cathedral"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Toledo_Cathedral&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Catedral_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Toledo" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1123180" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Toledo_Cathedral&params=39_51_25.5_N_4_01_26_W_region:ES-CM_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°51′25.5″N</span> <span class="longitude">4°01′26″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.857083°N 4.02389°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.857083; -4.02389</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Toledo_Cathedral" title="Special:EditPage/Toledo Cathedral">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Toledo+Cathedral%22">"Toledo Cathedral"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Toledo+Cathedral%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Toledo+Cathedral%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Toledo+Cathedral%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Toledo+Cathedral%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Toledo+Cathedral%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Seat of Archdiocese of Toledo, Spain</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Church in Toledo, Spain</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Toledo Cathedral</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold">Mary of Toledo</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold">Toledo Cathedral</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold"><div class="nickname"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Catedral Primada Santa María de Toledo</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toledo_Cathedral,_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg/300px-Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg/450px-Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg/600px-Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3297" data-file-height="3099" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Castile-La_Mancha_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toledo Cathedral is located in Castilla-La Mancha"><img alt="Toledo Cathedral is located in Castilla-La Mancha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Spain_Castile-La_Mancha_location_map.svg/250px-Spain_Castile-La_Mancha_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Spain_Castile-La_Mancha_location_map.svg/375px-Spain_Castile-La_Mancha_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Spain_Castile-La_Mancha_location_map.svg/500px-Spain_Castile-La_Mancha_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="517" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:45.204%;left:31.639%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Toledo Cathedral"><img alt="Toledo Cathedral" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Toledo Cathedral</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Toledo_Cathedral&params=39_51_25.5_N_4_01_26_W_region:ES-CM_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°51′25.5″N</span> <span class="longitude">4°01′26″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.857083°N 4.02389°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.857083; -4.02389</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Denomination</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catedralprimada.es/">www<wbr />.catedralprimada<wbr />.es</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">History</th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">Cathedral</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Consecration" class="mw-redirect" title="Consecration">Consecrated</a></th><td class="infobox-data">587</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Architecture</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Functional status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Active</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Architect" title="Architect">Architect(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Master Martín<br />Petrus Petri</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Church_architecture" title="Church architecture">church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sacred_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred architecture">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">High Gothic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Groundbreaking" title="Groundbreaking">Groundbreaking</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1227<sup id="cite_ref-usatoday_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data">1493</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">120 metres (390 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Width</th><td class="infobox-data">59 metres (194 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Nave" title="Nave">Nave</a> width</th><td class="infobox-data">18 metres (59 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">44.5 metres (146 ft)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Administration</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">Archdiocese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Toledo" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toledo">Toledo</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Clergy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Cerro_Chaves" title="Francisco Cerro Chaves">Francisco Cerro Chaves</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dean_(Christianity)" title="Dean (Christianity)">Dean</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent">D. Juan Sánchez Rodríguez<br />(<a href="/wiki/Dean_(Christianity)#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Dean (Christianity)">Dean</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_chapter" title="Cathedral chapter">Chapter</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:black; background-color:#FFCC99">Laity</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Organist" title="Organist">Organist(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Félix González-Mohíno Bartolomé</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Primatial Cathedral of Saint Mary of Toledo</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Catedral Primada Santa María de Toledo</i>), otherwise known as <b>Toledo Cathedral</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Church_architecture" title="Church architecture">church</a> in <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo, Spain</a>. It is the seat of the Metropolitan <a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Toledo">Archdiocese of Toledo</a>. </p><p>The cathedral of Toledo is one of the three 13th-century <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">High Gothic</a> cathedrals in Spain and is considered, in the opinion of some authorities, to be the magnum opus<sup id="cite_ref-usatoday_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Garnica1987_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garnica1987-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the Gothic style in Spain. It was begun in 1226 under the rule of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_III_of_Castile" title="Ferdinand III of Castile">Ferdinand III</a>, and the last Gothic contributions were made in the 15th century when, in 1493, the vaults of the central nave were finished during the time of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Monarchs">Catholic Monarchs</a>. It was modeled after the <a href="/wiki/Bourges_Cathedral" title="Bourges Cathedral">Bourges Cathedral</a>, although its five naves plan is a consequence of the constructors' intention to cover all of the sacred space of the former city <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> with the cathedral, and of the former <i><a href="/wiki/Sahn" title="Sahn">sahn</a></i> with the <a href="/wiki/Cloister" title="Cloister">cloister</a>. It also combines some characteristics of the <a href="/wiki/Mud%C3%A9jar" title="Mudéjar">Mudéjar</a> style, mainly in the cloister, with the presence of multifoiled arches in the <a href="/wiki/Triforium" title="Triforium">triforium</a>. The spectacular incorporation of light and the structural achievements of the <a href="/wiki/Ambulatory" title="Ambulatory">ambulatory</a> <a href="/wiki/Vault_(architecture)" title="Vault (architecture)">vaults</a> are some of its more remarkable aspects. It is built with white limestone from the quarries of Olihuelas, near Toledo. </p><p>It is popularly known as <i>Dives Toletana</i> (meaning <i>The Rich Toledan</i> in Latin).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Mozarabic Chapel in the Cathedral of Toledo still uses the <a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_Rite" title="Mozarabic Rite">Hispano-Mozarabic Rite</a> and music.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Toledo_Cathedral" title="Special:EditPage/Toledo Cathedral">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KathedraleToledo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/KathedraleToledo.jpg/220px-KathedraleToledo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/KathedraleToledo.jpg/330px-KathedraleToledo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/KathedraleToledo.jpg/440px-KathedraleToledo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>The main façade, from the Plaza del Ayuntamiento.</figcaption></figure> <p>For many years, an unwritten popular tradition has held that there was originally a church from the era of the first Archbishop Eugene (Saint Eugene of Toledo) located in the same place as the present cathedral. This church was consecrated for a second time in the year 587, after having undergone some alterations, as testified by a 16th-century inscription preserved on a pillar in the rear of the nave of the church which states: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In the name of the Lord the Church of Saint Mary was consecrated as Catholic, the first day of the ides of April, in the joyful first year of the reign of our most glorious king Flavius Reccared, Era 625 [13 of April of 587].</p></blockquote> <p>The city had been the episcopal seat of <a href="/wiki/Visigoths" title="Visigoths">Visigothic</a> Spain. The numerous <a href="/wiki/Councils_of_Toledo" title="Councils of Toledo">Councils of Toledo</a> attest to its important ecclesiastical past. Also, the abjuration of <a href="/wiki/Arianism" title="Arianism">Arianism</a> on the part of <a href="/wiki/Reccared" class="mw-redirect" title="Reccared">Reccared</a> occurred there. The <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> invasion did not immediately eliminate the Christian presence and the bishopric remained established in the church of Saint Mary of Alfizén. </p><p>The Visigothic church was torn down and the main <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> of the city of Toledo was erected in its place. Some investigators point out that the prayer hall of the mosque corresponds with the layout of the five naves of the current cathedral; the <i>sahn</i> would coincide with part of the current cloister and the chapel of Saint Peter and the <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">minaret</a> with the belltower. Using certain <a href="/wiki/Archeology" class="mw-redirect" title="Archeology">archeological</a> data it is possible to discern an Islamic column mounted inside the chapel of Saint Lucy; the marble shafts that decorate the exterior of the choir are an improvement of an old Muslim construction, and the intertwined arches of caliphate style in the triforium of the main chapel and of the ambulatory coincide with the Muslim construction tradition of <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba,_Spain" title="Córdoba, Spain">Cordova</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Cathedral_of_Alfonso_VI">The Cathedral of Alfonso VI</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Cathedral of Alfonso VI"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Afonso_VI,_rei_de_Galiza,_no_Tombo_A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Afonso_VI%2C_rei_de_Galiza%2C_no_Tombo_A.jpg/180px-Afonso_VI%2C_rei_de_Galiza%2C_no_Tombo_A.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Afonso_VI%2C_rei_de_Galiza%2C_no_Tombo_A.jpg/270px-Afonso_VI%2C_rei_de_Galiza%2C_no_Tombo_A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Afonso_VI%2C_rei_de_Galiza%2C_no_Tombo_A.jpg/360px-Afonso_VI%2C_rei_de_Galiza%2C_no_Tombo_A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="505" data-file-height="828" /></a><figcaption>Alfonso VI of León and Castile.</figcaption></figure> <p>The city of Toledo was reconquered by <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VI_of_Le%C3%B3n_and_Castile" title="Alfonso VI of León and Castile">Alfonso VI, King of León and Castile</a>, in 1085. One of the points of the Muslim capitulation that made possible the transfer of the city without bloodshed was the king's promise to conserve and respect their institutions of higher learning, as well as the customs and religion of the Muslim population which had coexisted with the larger <a href="/wiki/Mozarabs" title="Mozarabs">Mozarabic</a> population. Naturally, the preservation of the main mosque was integral to this compromise. Shortly thereafter, the king had to depart on matters of state, leaving the city in charge of his wife <a href="/wiki/Constance_of_Burgundy" title="Constance of Burgundy">Constance</a> and the abbot of the monastery of <a href="/wiki/Sahag%C3%BAn,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahagún, Spain">Sahagún</a>, Bernard of Sedirac (or Bernard of Cluny), who had been elevated to the rank of archbishop of Toledo. These two, in mutual accord and taking advantage of the absence of the king, undertook an unfortunate action which, as told by the <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Mariana" title="Juan de Mariana">priest Mariana</a> in his <i>General History of Spain</i>, almost provoked a Muslim uprising and consequent ruin of the recently conquered city. </p><p>On 25 October 1087, the archbishop in cooperation with Queen Constance sent an armed contingent to seize the mosque by force. They proceeded to install a provisional altar and hung a bell in the minaret, following Christian custom to 'cast out the filthiness of the law of Mohammed'.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The priest Mariana writes that king Alfonso VI was so irritated by these events that neither the archbishop nor the queen were able to prevent him from ordering the execution of all the active participants. Legend tells that the local Muslim populace itself helped restore peace, with its chief negotiator, <a href="/wiki/Faqih" class="mw-redirect" title="Faqih">faqih</a> Abu Walid, requesting the king to show mercy, and imploring his fellow townsmen to accept the Christian usurpation as legitimate. In gratitude for this gesture, the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_chapter" title="Cathedral chapter">Cathedral Chapter</a> dedicated a homage to Walid and ordered his effigy to be placed on one of the pillars in the main chapel, in this way perpetuating his memory.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus the conversion of the Toledan mosque was upheld and it remained consecrated as a Christian cathedral. </p><p>The building plans of the former mosque have not been preserved nor is the appearance of the structure known, but taking into account the preserved vestiges of mosques in other Spanish cities (in <a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ja%C3%A9n,_Spain" title="Jaén, Spain">Jaén</a>, <a href="/wiki/Granada" title="Granada">Granada</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1laga" title="Málaga">Málaga</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Mosque%E2%80%93Cathedral_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba">Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba</a>), it may be supposed that it was a columnary building, with horseshoe <a href="/wiki/Arcade_(architecture)" title="Arcade (architecture)">arcades</a> on top of columns in revision of earlier Roman and Visigothic construction. It is possible that it appeared very much like the Church of the Savior of Toledo, previously a mosque. </p><p>King Alfonso VI made important donations to the new church. On 18 December 1086, the cathedral was placed under the advocacy of <a href="/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary (mother of Jesus)">María</a> and it was granted villas, hamlets, mills and one third of the revenues of all the rest of the churches of the city. The first royal privilege that is preserved is a prayer in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, beginning: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Ego Disponente Deo Adefonsus, Esperie imperator, condeco sedi metropolitane, scilicet, Sancte Marie urbis Toletane honorem integrum ut decent abere pontificalem sedem secundum quod preteritis fuit constitutum a sanctis patribus...</p></blockquote> <p>In English: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I, Alfonsus, Emperor of Hesperia by the disposition of God, grant to the metropolitan See, that is, the church of Saint Mary in the city of Toledo, the complete honour that she should have the pontifical see according to what before was constituted by the holy fathers… </p></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Pope_Urban_II" title="Pope Urban II">Pope Urban II</a> recognised this church in 1088 as the primatial cathedral over the rest of the kingdom. The mosque-cathedral remained intact until the 13th century, when in the year 1222 a <a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">Papal bull</a> issued by the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> authorised the construction of a new cathedral which was begun in 1224 (or 1225). The official ceremony of the laying of the <a href="/wiki/Cornerstone" title="Cornerstone">foundation stone</a> took place in 1226 (other sources say 1227), with the presence of King <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_III_of_Castile" title="Ferdinand III of Castile">Ferdinand the Saint</a>. Throughout the 13th century the cathedral's income tax was raised through the previous incorporation of <a href="/wiki/Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares" title="Alcalá de Henares">Alcalá de Henares</a> into its archiepiscopal territories in 1129. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Cathedral_of_the_Archbishop_Ximénez_de_Rada"><span id="The_Cathedral_of_the_Archbishop_Xim.C3.A9nez_de_Rada"></span>The Cathedral of the Archbishop Ximénez de Rada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Cathedral of the Archbishop Ximénez de Rada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The layout of the cathedral as now seen was set in the 13th century, while <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Xim%C3%A9nez_de_Rada" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodrigo Ximénez de Rada">Rodrigo Ximénez de Rada</a> was archbishop of Toledo and during the reign of a young Ferdinand III of Castile. Commencement of the work was delayed until the king could be present at the official ceremonial cornerstone-laying (1227). Ximénez de Rada was elected bishop of Toledo in 1209, and thenceforth he defended the <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/primacy" class="extiw" title="wikt:primacy">primacy</a> of the Toledan See before the Papal authority. He aimed to build a grand cathedral, worthy of the city he governed. When he came to office, the mosque-cathedral had ample space, but with a low roof, making the interior noisy. The cathedral was aged; some sections had been demolished by his predecessor, and the structure lacked the slenderness and height of other religious edifices of similar importance. Ximénez de Rada became the enthusiastic promoter for a new cathedral, to be built in contemporary <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic style</a>. He was so enthusiastic about the project and involved himself so much in it that it was later falsely rumoured that he was the designer-architect of the cathedral. The archbishop spent a few years maintaining and reinforcing the old structure in hopes that his dream would be realised. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_building">The building</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cathedral_toledo224.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3e/Cathedral_toledo224.gif/250px-Cathedral_toledo224.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3e/Cathedral_toledo224.gif/375px-Cathedral_toledo224.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/3e/Cathedral_toledo224.gif 2x" data-file-width="436" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption>Plan of the cathedral.</figcaption></figure> <p>The structure of the building is greatly influenced by the French Gothic style of the 13th century, but adapted to Spanish taste. It measures 120 metres (390 ft) in length by 59 metres (194 ft) in width and 44.5 metres (146 ft) high. It consists of five naves with <a href="/wiki/Transept" title="Transept">transept</a> and double ambulatory. The outer naves present an odd anomaly in being a little wider than the other two. The oldest part of the building is the sanctuary, which maintains in its architecture the original <a href="/wiki/Triforium" title="Triforium">triforia</a> that extended along the length of the naves and were removed in one of the many alterations that the cathedral underwent. Still in the Gothic period, these triforia were replaced with large stained-glass windows. Those triforia that survive in the sanctuary are of <a href="/wiki/Mud%C3%A9jar" title="Mudéjar">Mudéjar</a> influence. The lowest section is made of cusped arches that rest on paired columns and the upper section presents <a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_architecture#I" title="Glossary of architecture">interlaced arches</a> typical of Mudéjar. It is not known if these Mudéjar themes existed in the previous mosque and were copied as a reminder or if they were added in one of the improvements of the stonework, as something original and tasteful. </p><p>In the sanctuary, one encounters the double ambulatory, which is doubled as would correspond to a ground plan of five naves. This double ambulatory is of grand proportions and is enriched with architectural elements and an original vaulting. The new sections of the chapels were resolved with alternate plans of rectangles and triangles, which allowed for each chapel to be of a different size, rectangular plans being larger and triangular plans smaller. This method of distributing the sanctuary can be seen in the French cathedrals of <a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_de_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Notre Dame de Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bourges_Cathedral" title="Bourges Cathedral">Bourges</a> and <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans" title="Le Mans">Le Mans</a>, the last cathedral being the most similar in appearance, although the three are more slender in aspect than the Spanish cathedral. The various reforms that were made over time altered the arrangement of some of the chapels; for example, in one case just one chapel was reconstructed in the former space of three. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Vault_(architecture)" title="Vault (architecture)">vaults</a> of the naves are <a href="/wiki/Quadripartite_vault" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadripartite vault">quadripartite</a> except for those of the transept and the chancel which are reinforced with <a href="/wiki/Tierceron" class="mw-redirect" title="Tierceron">tiercerons</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_master_builders_and_their_patrons">The master builders and their patrons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The master builders and their patrons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cathedral_of_Toledo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cathedral_of_Toledo.jpg/250px-Cathedral_of_Toledo.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cathedral_of_Toledo.jpg/375px-Cathedral_of_Toledo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cathedral_of_Toledo.jpg/500px-Cathedral_of_Toledo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3241" data-file-height="2353" /></a><figcaption>The cathedral seen from the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_San_Idelfonso,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of San Idelfonso, Toledo">Church of San Ildefonso</a></figcaption></figure> <p>For centuries it was held with complete certainty that the first master architect of the cathedral of Toledo was <a href="/wiki/Petrus_Petri" title="Petrus Petri">Petrus Petri</a> (Spanish: <i>Pedro Pérez</i>). Such certainty was based on the only existing testimony regarding the authorship, a legend inscribed in vulgar Latin still visible on a tombstone: </p> <blockquote><p>English translation: Petrus Petri, deceased in 1291, master of the church of Saint Mary of Toledo, whose fame was propagated by his good examples and customs, who constructed this temple and rests here, for what an admirable building he made, he will not feel the wrath of God.</p></blockquote> <p>Towards the middle of the 20th century, the bishop of <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Real" title="Ciudad Real">Ciudad Real</a> thoroughly investigated this claim and brought to light a series of documents which demonstrated the existence of a first master prior to Petrus Petri called Master Martín, married to María Gómez and certainly of French origin, who had been summoned by Ximénez de Rada. One of the documents is dated to 1227 and names "a master Martín of the work of Saint Mary of Toledo". Another document lists income collected by the cathedral in 1234 and records again the name of "Master Martín of the work", of whom it is also written that he was a tenant of a house associated with the cathedral. In later writings there appear the names of Martín (<a href="/wiki/Stonemason" class="mw-redirect" title="Stonemason">stonemason</a>) and Juan Martín (master of stonemasons), who are believed to be relatives of each other. No new documents have appeared, so at present this master Martín is accredited as the first architect. To this argument it must be added that the date of the beginning of construction does not correlate with the age of Petrus Petri who during those years must have been too young to be an architect.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Studies released after this discovery indicate that the master Martín would be the designer of the chapels of the ambulatory and upon his departure by death or by absence the supervision of the work was taken up by master Petrus who finished the ambulatories and constructed the triforia in Toledan style. Towards the end of the 20th century, the sanctuary and two sections of the naves of the south side were completed. </p><p>Near the end of the 14th century the existence of a master Rodrigo Alfonso is apparently documented; he laid the first stone of the cloister in 1389, under the patronage of Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Tenorio_(archbishop)" title="Pedro Tenorio (archbishop)">Pedro Tenorio</a>, who died ten years later. The archbishop occupied himself with many works of the cathedral, such as the chapel of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Blaise" title="Saint Blaise">Saint Blaise</a> in the cloister which is famous for the artistic richness of its frescos from the school of <a href="/wiki/Siena" title="Siena">Siena</a>. </p><p>The next master of whom there is information was Alvar Martínez (in some sources called González), who was quantity surveyor of the Olihuelas limestone quarries at the boundary of Olías del Rey. He is the designer of the west façade whose construction was begun in 1418. Changes made in 1787 obscure the original appearance of this façade. He was also the designer of the only tower of the cathedral, which was built during the office of Archbishop Juan Martínez de Contreras, whose coat of arms appears in the frieze that crowns the first section. The crowning of the tower was done by another great master sculptor, the Fleming Hanequin de Bruselas, who moulded the coat of arms of the succeeding archbishop Juan de Cerezuela. With Hanequin came a group of illustrious masters: Egas Cueman (de Bruselas' brother) <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, Enrique Egas, and Juan Guas; these worked on façades, chapels, and sumptuary works, completing the work done in the Gothic idiom with their labor. The vaults at the footing of the central nave were closed in 1493, under the direction of Juan Guas and Enrique Egas, with the patronage and supervision of <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Mendoza" title="Pedro González de Mendoza">Cardinal Mendoza</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Great_patrons_of_the_16th_century:_works_and_artists">Great patrons of the 16th century: works and artists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Great patrons of the 16th century: works and artists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mat%C3%ADas_Moreno_(c._1878)_El_cardenal_Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros_(Museo_del_Prado).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mat%C3%ADas_Moreno_%28c._1878%29_El_cardenal_Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros_%28Museo_del_Prado%29.jpg/200px-Mat%C3%ADas_Moreno_%28c._1878%29_El_cardenal_Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros_%28Museo_del_Prado%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mat%C3%ADas_Moreno_%28c._1878%29_El_cardenal_Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros_%28Museo_del_Prado%29.jpg/300px-Mat%C3%ADas_Moreno_%28c._1878%29_El_cardenal_Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros_%28Museo_del_Prado%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mat%C3%ADas_Moreno_%28c._1878%29_El_cardenal_Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros_%28Museo_del_Prado%29.jpg/400px-Mat%C3%ADas_Moreno_%28c._1878%29_El_cardenal_Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros_%28Museo_del_Prado%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1168" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Cardinal Ximénes de Cisneros</figcaption></figure> <p>During the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, various modifications were made to the cathedral according to the new styles: architectural works including magnificent portals and chapels, and sumptuous works of sculpture and painting. The 16th century was the golden age of Toledo, which consequently came to be called the <i>Imperial City</i>. The best informed and most active patrons lived during this century. It was the archbishop-governors who, in the absence of the kings, attended to the city and added to its magnificence. In 1493, at the end of the 15th century, <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Mendoza" title="Pedro González de Mendoza">Cardinal Mendoza</a> supervised the closing of the last vault of the cathedral and expressed in his will his desire to be buried in the presbytery. In the first decade of the 16th century, the <a href="/wiki/Cenotaph" title="Cenotaph">cenotaph</a> was built in <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> style. This work is attributed to a team working under the leadership of Domenico Fancelli,<sup id="cite_ref-Schroth2010_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schroth2010-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although some authorities attribute it to Andrea Sansovino.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BoccardoColomer2004_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoccardoColomer2004-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros" title="Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros">Cardinal Cisneros</a> occupied the cardinalate office for twenty-two years; under his influence and sponsorship important works were done (perhaps the most important was the Mozarabic chapel), realised by masters of the stature of Juan Francés (<i><a href="/wiki/Reja" title="Reja">reja</a></i>, or the ironwork screen, of the <a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_art_and_architecture" title="Mozarabic art and architecture">Mozarabic</a> chapel), Enrique Egas, <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Borgo%C3%B1a" title="Juan de Borgoña">Juan de Borgoña</a> (paintings of the Mozarabic chapel) and its <a href="/wiki/Master_craftsman" title="Master craftsman">grandmaster</a> Pedro de Gumiel. Cisneros also ordered the magnificent main <a href="/wiki/Retable" title="Retable">altarpiece</a> to be built (the work of Diego Copín de Holanda) and the high cloister for the canonical community, plus the library. He was followed by <a href="/wiki/Guillermo_de_Croy" class="mw-redirect" title="Guillermo de Croy">Guillermo de Croy</a>, the Chief of the Spanish treasury (<i>contador mayor</i>), who never resided in Toledo. Alfonso de Fonseca y Acevedo (who had been archbishop of <a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a>) was the promoter of the New Kings chapel, which was planned by the architect Alonso de Covarrubias. Paintings by <a href="/wiki/Mariano_Salvador_Maella" title="Mariano Salvador Maella">Mariano Salvador Maella</a> were added in the 18th century. </p><p>With the ascent of Bishop Juan Tavera, the Toledan Renaissance reached its height of splendor. Under his governance, the choir of <a href="/wiki/Alonso_Berruguete" title="Alonso Berruguete">Alonso Berruguete</a> and Felipe Vigarny, the interior façades of the transept, the chapel of Saint John or of the Treasure and other façades and adornments were constructed. During Archbishop Juan Martínez Siliceo's time in office, the cathedral was adorned with the screen of the main chapel, the work of Francisco de Villalpando. </p><p>Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Gaspar_de_Quiroga" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaspar de Quiroga">Gaspar de Quiroga</a> was responsible for the architectural complex of the chapel of the Tabernacle, the Reliquary and the courtyard and house of the treasurer. The renderings and plans were drawn by the grandmaster <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_de_Vergara_el_Mozo" title="Nicolás de Vergara el Mozo">Nicolás de Vergara el Mozo</a>. To construct this complex, the Hospital of the King was torn down and rebuilt on its former site; these works were carried out under the supervision of Cardinal Bernardo de Sandoval y Rojas and the architect Nicolás de Vergara in the 17th century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exterior">Exterior</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Exterior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_façade_and_the_great_portals"><span id="Main_fa.C3.A7ade_and_the_great_portals"></span>Main façade and the great portals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Main façade and the great portals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Puerta_Perdon_Toledo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Puerta_Perdon_Toledo.jpg/200px-Puerta_Perdon_Toledo.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Puerta_Perdon_Toledo.jpg/300px-Puerta_Perdon_Toledo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Puerta_Perdon_Toledo.jpg/400px-Puerta_Perdon_Toledo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="793" /></a><figcaption>Puerta del Perdón (<i>Portal of Forgiveness</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>main façade</b> faces an irregular square containing the town hall and the Archbishop's Palace. To the left is the bell tower and to the right the projecting <a href="/wiki/Mozarab" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozarab">Mozarabic</a> chapel that occupies the place where the second tower was to be built. </p><p>To the left of the main façade rises the only tower of the cathedral. The <a href="/wiki/Dome" title="Dome">dome</a> that is seen to the right belongs to the Mozarabic chapel which was commissioned by Cardinal Cisneros. The tower has two parts: the lower part, of square cross-section, was designed by Alvar Martínez; the upper, octagonal part was designed by Hanequin de Bruselas. It is topped by a spire. </p><p>The main façade has three portals, known as, respectively, <i>Puerta del Perdón</i> (Portal of Forgiveness, in the centre), <i>Puerta del Juicio Final</i> (Portal of the Last Judgment, to the right) and <i>Puerta del Infierno</i> (Portal of <a href="/wiki/Hell" title="Hell">Hell</a>, to the left). The <i>Portal of Forgiveness</i> belongs to the 15th century—it was begun under the direction of Alvar Martínez in 1418. It is so called because indulgences were granted to penitents who entered through it. These days it is always closed and is used only on special occasions and upon the investiture of new archbishops of the primatial cathedral. It has one great arch with six Gothic <a href="/wiki/Archivolt" title="Archivolt">archivolts</a>. The decoration consists of typical Gothic iconography, with the figure of the Saviour in the <a href="/wiki/Mullion" title="Mullion">mullion</a> and an <a href="/wiki/Apostolate" title="Apostolate">apostolates</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Jamb" title="Jamb">jambs</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/Tympanum_(architecture)" title="Tympanum (architecture)">tympanum</a>, the Virgin gives the <a href="/wiki/Chasuble" title="Chasuble">chasuble</a> to <a href="/wiki/Ildephonsus_of_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ildephonsus of Toledo">Saint Ildephonsus</a>, a particularly special theme for the cathedral which is repeated in the interior in the chapels and paintings. The leaves of the doors measure more than five meters in height and are covered by elaborately fashioned bronze plates, which date to the 14th century. The <i>Portal of the <a href="/wiki/Last_Judgement" class="mw-redirect" title="Last Judgement">Last Judgement</a></i> is the oldest of the three, and represents, as its name suggests, the Last Judgment. </p><p>The <i>Portal of Hell</i>, in contrast, does not contain figurative motifs, only floral decoration. It is also known as the <i>Portal of the Tower</i> or of the Palms as it used to be reserved as an entrance for the procession of the palms on <a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedral_de_Toledo_-_Puerta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Catedral_de_Toledo_-_Puerta.jpg/200px-Catedral_de_Toledo_-_Puerta.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Catedral_de_Toledo_-_Puerta.jpg/300px-Catedral_de_Toledo_-_Puerta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Catedral_de_Toledo_-_Puerta.jpg/400px-Catedral_de_Toledo_-_Puerta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Puerta del reloj (<i>Portal of the Clock</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The façade was modified in 1787 by the architect Eugenio Durango under the orders of Cardinal Lorenzana. The sculptor was Mariano Salvatierra. The work was necessary because of the deterioration of the stone, which was not of good quality. It is possible that the portals were to be moved forward between buttresses instead of their current position, but this is not known for certain. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Portal_of_the_Clock">Portal of the Clock</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Portal of the Clock"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Portal of the Clock</i> is the oldest of the portals, begun in the 14th century and located in the façade of the north side. In addition, it is also known as: </p> <ul><li><i>Portal of the Fair</i>, because it opened to the street where the fair was celebrated.</li> <li><i>Portal of the Chapinería (shoe-maker shop)</i>, because it fronts the street which bears that name, the place where <a href="/wiki/Clog_(shoe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clog (shoe)">clogs</a> were made and sold.</li> <li><i>Portal of the Ollas</i>, because in its decoration some <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/olla" class="extiw" title="wikt:olla">ollas</a> can be seen.</li> <li><i>Portal of the Monarchs</i>, alluding to the <a href="/wiki/Iconography" title="Iconography">iconography</a> of its sculpture.</li> <li><i>Portal of the Lost Boy</i>, also because of the iconography.</li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Tympanum_(architecture)" title="Tympanum (architecture)">tympanum</a> is divided into four horizontal panels, in which there are scenes from the life of Christ: the <a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus_in_art" title="Nativity of Jesus in art">Nativity</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Magi" title="Adoration of the Magi">Adoration of the Magi</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Innocents" title="Massacre of the Innocents">Massacre of the Innocents</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Flight_into_Egypt" title="Flight into Egypt">Flight into Egypt</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Circumcision_of_Jesus" title="Circumcision of Jesus">Circumcision of Jesus</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Finding_in_the_Temple" title="Finding in the Temple">Finding in the Temple</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Candlemas" title="Candlemas">Presentation of Jesus at the Temple</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Marriage_at_Cana" class="mw-redirect" title="Marriage at Cana">Marriage at Cana</a>. In the upper part of the tympanum, the <a href="/wiki/Death_of_the_Virgin" title="Death of the Virgin">Death of the Virgin</a> is depicted. The column-mullion is decorated with an image of the Virgin and Child. In the jambs are images of kings and saints, all of which are the work of the sculptor Juan Alemán who also worked on the Portal of the Lions. </p><p>Above this portal is found the later sculpting of Gregorio López Durango, whose work is also seen on the main façade. It is consolidation work that was needed because of the deteriorated state of the stone. The central intercolumniation above the portal is occupied by the face of the clock that gives it its name. The portal and its surrounding stonework form an appealing space with the entranceway enclosed by a Gothic screen; this is the work of Juan Francés, with very plain crosspieces, a small, carved frieze with a separation in the center, and a simple and harmonious design. </p><p><b>Interior</b> </p><p>Inside are diverse medallions; the best are those of the Virgin of the Annunciation by Nicolás de Vergara el Mozo and of the Archangel Saint Gabriel by Juan Bautista Vázquez. It is also adorned with paintings and coats of arms. Above is the rose window of the 13th century that contains the oldest stained glass of the cathedral. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Portal_of_the_Lions">Portal of the Lions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Portal of the Lions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedral_de_Toledo_Puerta_de_los_Leones.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Catedral_de_Toledo_Puerta_de_los_Leones.JPG/200px-Catedral_de_Toledo_Puerta_de_los_Leones.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Catedral_de_Toledo_Puerta_de_los_Leones.JPG/300px-Catedral_de_Toledo_Puerta_de_los_Leones.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Catedral_de_Toledo_Puerta_de_los_Leones.JPG/400px-Catedral_de_Toledo_Puerta_de_los_Leones.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>Puerta de los Leones (<i>Portal of the Lions</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <i>Portal of the Lions</i> was built in the 15th and 16th centuries. It is the most modern of the great portals. It is so named because of the lions that surmount the columns of the gate that encloses the small entranceway. In addition, it has two other names: </p> <dl><dd><i>New Portal</i>, for being the last that was built.</dd> <dd><i>Portal of Joy</i>, in allusion to the celebration of the <a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption of the Virgin</a> that is represented in the face of the back wall, over the archivolts.</dd></dl> <p>It was constructed between the years 1460 and 1466, under the mandate of Archbishop Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña, with designs from <a href="/wiki/Hanequin_of_Brussels" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanequin of Brussels">Hanequin of Brussels</a>, also known as Anequín de Egas Cueman,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Enrique de Egas Cueman, his son,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in collaboration with the Flemish sculptors Pedro and Juan Guas and Juan Alemán, designer of the Apostolate. These artists supervised a large workshop that included prestigious stonemasons and carvers. </p><p>The statuary of this portal is one of the best Hispano-Flemish assemblages of the 15th century, above all the Virgin of the column-mullion and the statues of the jambs. The <a href="/wiki/Cherub" title="Cherub">cherubim</a> and musical angels that accompany the ascension of Mary to the sky are works of art executed with great delicacy. The façade was altered by Durango and Salvatierra, the same as in the other portals, to enhance the appearance of the building. The bronze leaves of the doors are the work of Francisco de Villalpando, who created a masterpiece on the 35 panels or plates. They are hidden from view, protected with wood panels. On top is the great <i><a href="/wiki/Rose_Window" class="mw-redirect" title="Rose Window">Rose Window</a></i> of polychromatic stained glass. </p><p>The interior of the portal corresponds to the great façade of the transept on its southern side, on top of which rests the small balcony with balustrade that corresponds to the tribune where the organ of the Emperor is located. Higher up is the rose window, surrounded by a frame with its <a href="/wiki/Pendentives" class="mw-redirect" title="Pendentives">pendentives</a> decorated with rosettes. </p><p>In the lower part of the great façade is the portal divided by a column-<a href="/wiki/Mullion" title="Mullion">mullion</a>. Above the doors are the tympanum sculpted with themes of the genealogy of the Virgin whose designers were the same who worked on the exterior of this portal. On top of the tympanum is the <a href="/wiki/Plateresque" title="Plateresque">plateresque</a> carving with a great medallion of the Coronation of the Virgin in the center, the work of Gregorio Pardo (eldest son of Felipe Vigarny). On both sides are the statues of <a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a> and <a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a>, attributed to Esteban Jamete. </p><p>To the right and left of this front are two sepulchres. The one on the right is empty (it is believed that it was prepared to receive the remains of Brother <a href="/wiki/Bartolom%C3%A9_Carranza" title="Bartolomé Carranza">Bartolomé Carranza</a>); that of the left holds the remains of Canon Alfonso de Rojas, represented in a praying statue. </p><p>The bronze <i>reja</i> (metalwork screen) was made a century after the great screens of the main chapel and of the choir, in a style completely different from these, valuing solidity and utility more than the taste for ornamentation of the previous century. Its designer was Juan Álvarez de Molina, a native of <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Abeda" title="Úbeda">Úbeda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ja%C3%A9n,_Spain" title="Jaén, Spain">Jaén</a>), who made the screen in the city of Toledo in 1647. The documents preserved in regard to this say that the master metalsmith received 8,504 reales and 12 maravedís, in addition to the 27,000 reales that had been given to him earlier. The document gives account of the cost of the metal employed, which was nearly as much as the total payment he received for the work. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_portals_and_façades_of_the_cathedral"><span id="Other_portals_and_fa.C3.A7ades_of_the_cathedral"></span>Other portals and façades of the cathedral</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Other portals and façades of the cathedral"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Level_Portal">Level Portal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Level Portal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Level Portal</i> is of <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neo-Classical</a> style, built in 1800. It is the only entrance to the cathedral that is level with the ground, without steps, so giving it its name. It was customary for processions to exit through this portal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Façade_of_Saint_Katherine"><span id="Fa.C3.A7ade_of_Saint_Katherine"></span>Façade of Saint Katherine</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Façade of Saint Katherine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Façade of Saint Katherine</i> is of late Gothic style. Its <a href="/wiki/Archivolt" title="Archivolt">archivolts</a> are carved with vegetal motifs of leaves and foliage. The pillar that makes the mullion is splendidly carved on its side faces, with castles and lions. In its interior, it has two sections. The higher section is ornamented with a series of statues with small dossals. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Portal_of_the_Presentation">Portal of the Presentation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Portal of the Presentation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Portal of the Presentation</i> is from the time of Cardinal Tavera; it is richly carved with imagery of miniatures in good quality, very white stone. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tower">Tower</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Tower"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedral_de_Toledo_Torre.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Catedral_de_Toledo_Torre.JPG/200px-Catedral_de_Toledo_Torre.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Catedral_de_Toledo_Torre.JPG/300px-Catedral_de_Toledo_Torre.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Catedral_de_Toledo_Torre.JPG/400px-Catedral_de_Toledo_Torre.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>Tower of the Cathedral</figcaption></figure> <p>The original plan was to build two symmetric towers on each side of the west façade, but when the one at the northern corner was raised, it was discovered that the ground beneath the site planned for the southern tower was unstable due to an underground water stream. Even so, the Mozarabic chapel was later built there. </p><p>The tower was designed and built mostly by Alvar Martínez; it is Gothic, with some decorative Mudéjar influence and reaches a height of 92 m (301 ft). Four levels and a fifth of lesser height rise on a square elevated base which houses the chapel of the Treasury. Between the first and the second level a frieze of black marble unfolds horizontally, with the coat of arms of Archbishop Juan Martínez de Contreras (whose mandate was from 1422 until 1438) inlaid in white marble. Master Martínez completed this part of the work in 1422, but left no plans or drawings for construction of the pinnacle and its spire. This top level of the tower with its octagonal body was designed by the architect Hanequin de Bruselas, who was summoned to finish its construction with a group of accomplished masters: Egas Cueman, Enrique Egas and Juan Guas among others. The pinnacle with its <a href="/wiki/Buttress" title="Buttress">buttressed</a> arches rests on the octagonal barrel of the fifth level and is topped with a spire that supports three crowns imitating a <a href="/wiki/Papal_tiara" title="Papal tiara">papal tiara</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interior">Interior</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Interior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toledo_Cathedral_interior,_August_2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Toledo_Cathedral_interior%2C_August_2012.JPG/200px-Toledo_Cathedral_interior%2C_August_2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Toledo_Cathedral_interior%2C_August_2012.JPG/300px-Toledo_Cathedral_interior%2C_August_2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Toledo_Cathedral_interior%2C_August_2012.JPG/400px-Toledo_Cathedral_interior%2C_August_2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2262" data-file-height="3872" /></a><figcaption>Looking down the main chapel.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_Chapel">Main Chapel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Main Chapel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toledo%27s_Cathedral.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Toledo%27s_Cathedral.jpg/200px-Toledo%27s_Cathedral.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Toledo%27s_Cathedral.jpg/300px-Toledo%27s_Cathedral.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Toledo%27s_Cathedral.jpg 2x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Interior of the cathedral</figcaption></figure> <p>The main chapel of the cathedral brings together a wealth of artwork, starting with the architecture of the enclosure itself. In its original state, the enclosure was separated into two parts with two independent vaults. The polygonal vault pertained to the chapel of the Old Monarchs, which was somewhat separated. With this arbitrary division, the presbytery was improperly narrow for such a grand cathedral. Cardinal Cisneros insisted that he wanted this part of the cathedral to be rebuilt and despite some resistance from the Chapel Chapter, he finally received its consent to demolish the old chapel and build one with a wider presbytery and sufficient space for the great Gothic <a href="/wiki/Retable" title="Retable">retable</a> which he himself had commissioned. </p><p>Also, in its original state, the chapel had been enclosed laterally by two magnificent screens of stone, which were like enormous gates. The <a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">Pulpit</a>, or Gospel side of the church, with its screen, was demolished to make room for the sepulchre of Cardinal Mendoza. The lectern, or Epistle side, remains as it was and by this it can be deduced that it was part of a larger work. Some art critics<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> assure us that this stone screen is the most beautiful part of the cathedral. It is possible that its construction was completed during the tenure of Archbishop Pedro de Luna whose polychromatic shield and coat of arms of Castile and León are displayed here. It is adorned with abundant statuary including a sculpted choir of angels that appear to be flying. The two pillars that form the passage to the interior of the chapel were built to harmonize with this work of fretted stone. On the left pillar is a statue of Martín Alhaja, the famous shepherd who (according to legend) led King Alfonso VIII of Castile through the Despeñaperros Pass in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Las_Navas_de_Tolosa" title="Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa">Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa</a>; the other pillar is called <i>Faqih's Pillar</i> after its statue of Abu Walid who brought King Alfonso VI a message of tolerance (see <a href="#The_Cathedral_of_Alfonso_VI">this section</a>). </p><p>The whole sanctuary is covered with carved and chiselled mythological figures of all sizes. On the Pulpit side are the beautifully decorated sepulchres of <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VII_of_Le%C3%B3n_and_Castile" title="Alfonso VII of León and Castile">Alfonso VII</a> and <a href="/wiki/Berenguela_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Berenguela of Castile">Doña Berenguela</a> with their recumbent statues, while on the Lectern side are the tombs of <a href="/wiki/Sancho_III_of_Castile" title="Sancho III of Castile">Sancho III of Castile</a> (The Desired) and <a href="/wiki/Sancho_IV_of_Castile" title="Sancho IV of Castile">Sancho IV</a> (The Brave). The images of the monarchs were carved in wood by Copín de Holanda and polychromed by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Amberes" title="Francisco de Amberes">Francisco de Amberes</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chapel_of_the_Sepulchre">Chapel of the Sepulchre</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Chapel of the Sepulchre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Below the main altar is the Chapel of the Sepulchre in the form of a crypt. It is entered from outside the presbytery, through a screen and the Portal, and down a staircase. It is a vaulted chapel which contains three altars. The center altar is dedicated to the Holy Sepulchre and has a sculptural grouping carved by Copín de Holanda. The altar on the right has important paintings by Luis Medina and Francisco Ricci. The altar on the left is dedicated to Saint Julian and presents a carving of the archbishop and two Italian panels with the theme of Saint Peter and Saint Paul. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Retable">Retable</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Retable"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedral_de_Toledo.Altar_Mayor_(huge).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Catedral_de_Toledo.Altar_Mayor_%28huge%29.jpg/250px-Catedral_de_Toledo.Altar_Mayor_%28huge%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Catedral_de_Toledo.Altar_Mayor_%28huge%29.jpg/375px-Catedral_de_Toledo.Altar_Mayor_%28huge%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Catedral_de_Toledo.Altar_Mayor_%28huge%29.jpg/500px-Catedral_de_Toledo.Altar_Mayor_%28huge%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="13226" data-file-height="8852" /></a><figcaption>Retable of the cathedral</figcaption></figure> <p>The retable of the Cathedral of Toledo is an extremely florid Gothic altarpiece; it is one of the last examples of this artistic style, which was disappearing as the Renaissance began to take hold in Spain. Commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros" title="Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros">Cardinal Cisneros</a>, the work was begun in 1497 and finished in 1504. Among the architects, painters and sculptors who collaborated in this collective masterwork were: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enrique_Egas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enrique Egas (page does not exist)">Enrique Egas</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedro_Gumiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedro Gumiel (page does not exist)">Pedro Gumiel</a> (design), Francisco de Amberes and <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Borgo%C3%B1a" title="Juan de Borgoña">Juan de Borgoña</a> (estofado: the technique of finishing sculpture of wood with gilding and punched patterns, and <a href="/wiki/Polychrome" title="Polychrome">polychromy</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Alem%C3%A1n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodrigo Alemán (page does not exist)">Rodrigo Alemán</a>, <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Vigarny" class="mw-redirect" title="Felipe Vigarny">Felipe Vigarny</a>, Diego Copín de Holanda y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sebasti%C3%A1n_de_Almonacid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sebastián de Almonacid (page does not exist)">Sebastián de Almonacid</a> (religious images), and Joan Peti (carving and <a href="/wiki/Filigree" title="Filigree">filigree</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The retable rises to a great height above the altar; it includes an important statuary and a magnificent, delicate filigree of balusters, spires, small dossals, and chambranles, all done by Joan Peti. It consists of five continuous panels, the center panel being the widest; it is five storeys tall, and the lines of separation are stair-stepped. The themes of the central panel from bottom to top are: the figure of a seated Virgin and Child plated in silver on the <a href="/wiki/Predella" title="Predella">predella</a>, above this the tabernacle and a Gothic monstrance carved in wood, then a depiction of the Nativity, and above that, the Ascension. The whole culminates in a monumental scene of Christ's crucifixion at Calvary. Further themes of the life and passion of Jesus are represented on the other panels. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sepulchre_of_Cardinal_Mendoza">Sepulchre of Cardinal Mendoza</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Sepulchre of Cardinal Mendoza"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sepulchre of Cardinal Mendoza was located in the cathedral as he himself had decreed in 1493; the Chapel Chapter had been opposed from the beginning to its being situated in the Presbytery, this space was reserved as the privileged prerogative of the monarchs. Nevertheless, in the end the structure of the choir had to be altered and the royal tombs moved to accommodate the sepulchre. In its final decision the Chapter deferred to the personal intervention in favor of the Cardinal by the Catholic Monarchs, who cited the invaluable services performed by those whom Isabel the Catholic called 'the three beautiful sins of the cardinal' (his children). When he died, on 11 January 1495 in <a href="/wiki/Guadalajara,_Spain" title="Guadalajara, Spain">Guadalajara</a>, it was said those present had seen a sparkling white cross, perhaps in an effort to invest his posthumous reputation with an aura of sanctity. </p><p>The sepulchre of Cardinal Mendoza was the first Castilian Renaissance sepulchre. The structure consists of an open central arch and two smaller arches, carved on two façades and through which the tomb can be seen from inside and outside, following the model of a Roman triumphal arch, which was shocking to those who assisted in its construction, as much for its spectacular form as for abandoning the Gothic style, which until that moment was the established convention. The authorship of the work is not clear, though it is attributed to the Florentine Jacopo d'Antonio Sansovino who later worked in the Portuguese court with a similar style. </p><p>The impact on other later works was enormous: the sepulchres of Fadrique of Portugal, Pedro López de Ayala or Fernando de Arce,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> among others, were partial imitations of this new model. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_interior_chapels:_overview">The interior chapels: overview</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: The interior chapels: overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cathedral_of_Toledo,_Spain_-_interior_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_interior_1.JPG/250px-Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_interior_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_interior_1.JPG/375px-Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_interior_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_interior_1.JPG/500px-Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_interior_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Vaulted ceiling, high altar, and <a href="/wiki/Reja" title="Reja">reja</a> of the main chapel </figcaption></figure> <p>The main and minor <a href="/wiki/Chapels" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapels">chapels</a>, conceived in the project of Rodrigo Ximénez de Rada, in their original state surrounded the sanctuary of the cathedral. Some were removed and others were widened or re-ordered. Of the minor chapels only the chapels of Saint Ann and Saint Giles remain. Of the main chapels those of Saint John the Baptist and Saint Leocadia remain with elements from the first era. The chapels of the Old Monarchs and of Saint Lucy remain with alterations only to their ornamentation. </p><p>The rest were drastically modified or removed, even though in some the entrance can still be recognized: six small chapels of the ambulatory gave way in the 14th and 15th centuries to the burial chapels of Saint Ildephonsus and Saint James; that of the Christ of the Column (also called of Saint Bartholomew) was transformed at the beginning of the 17th century to give way to that of the Christ of the Students; those of Saint Barbara, of Saint Nicholas, of Saint Elizabeth and of the Holy Trinity were integrated into other structures although some details permit their earlier appearance to be discerned. </p><p>After the various modifications, there now can be found the aforementioned Chapels of the Old Monarchs, Saint John the Baptist, Saint Leocadia and Saint Lucy, including that of Saint Eugene, of Saint Blaise (incorporated into the cloister), of Saint Peter and of the New Monarchs. </p><p>In the subsequent remodeling and construction, the architects almost always followed the criterion of advancing from the sanctuary of the cathedral towards the wall, which explains the sometimes chaotic current layout, with respect to the early designs. The first name of the chapel of the Old Monarchs is unknown. The current name had its origin in 1498 when Cardinal Cisneros wanted to transfer the royal tombs from the main chapel, which in the end was never done. In the 13th century, this served as a sepulchre to house the remains of Archbishop González Díaz Palomeque. The chapel of Saint Lucy is one of the few places in the cathedral where some remains of the old mosque can still be seen—in particular, a column and its capital. </p><p>The chapel of Saint Eugene (also called of Saint Peter the Old or of the Corpus Christi), is located on the south side, and retains the architectural style of the 13th century in contrast to the rest of the cathedral. The chapel of Saint Peter is the largest of all and serves as a parochial chapel. The cathedral has a heptagonal sanctuary, with two rows, and tierceron vaults; it was built at the beginning of the 15th century to serve as a burial chamber for Archbishop Sancho de Rojas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mozarabic_chapel">Mozarabic chapel</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Mozarabic chapel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cathedral_of_Toledo,_1226_and_later_(51)_(29142275064).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_1226_and_later_%2851%29_%2829142275064%29.jpg/250px-Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_1226_and_later_%2851%29_%2829142275064%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_1226_and_later_%2851%29_%2829142275064%29.jpg/375px-Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_1226_and_later_%2851%29_%2829142275064%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_1226_and_later_%2851%29_%2829142275064%29.jpg/500px-Cathedral_of_Toledo%2C_1226_and_later_%2851%29_%2829142275064%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5982" data-file-height="3974" /></a><figcaption>Capilla Mozárabe</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Mozarabic chapel</b> is located at the southeast corner, and incorporates the foundations of an unbuilt second tower. The chapel was named originally the <i>Chapel of the Corpus Christi</i> in 1500 by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros" title="Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros">Cardinal Cisneros</a>. Its purpose was to provide a worship place for followers of the <a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_Rite" title="Mozarabic Rite">Hispano-Mozarabic rites</a>. Centuries earlier, on 20 March 1101, King Alfonso VI had given certain privileges to the Mozarabes of Toledo in exchange for tribute. In 1371, King <a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_Castile" title="Henry II of Castile">Henry II</a> confirmed these privileges. Having founded this chapel, Cisneros encouraged the restoration and republishing of the codices, breviaries and missals of their rites; he seems to have aimed to conciliate that subset of the faithful. This supposition is reinforced by notice of the large sum he had to pay the Cathedral Chapter in order to do the work of joining the old chapter house and the minor chapels. The huge sum of 3800 gold florins was raised, suggesting there were sufficient local patrons in town to support the effort. Services in the Mozarabic Rite are still performed in this chapel. </p><p>The chapel design encompasses a square floor plan under an octagonal dome. A <a href="/wiki/Coffered_ceiling" class="mw-redirect" title="Coffered ceiling">coffered ceiling</a> of Mozarabic style has been lost (perhaps in the fire in 1620, or by later remodeling). The current dome was designed in the 17th century by the son of <a href="/wiki/El_Greco" title="El Greco">El Greco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Manuel_Theotoc%C3%B3puli" title="Jorge Manuel Theotocópuli">Jorge Manuel Theotocópuli</a>; it displays eight sections and a large <a href="/wiki/Roof_lantern" title="Roof lantern">roof lantern</a> cupola. In the interior, Cardinal Cisneros commissioned <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Borgo%C3%B1a" title="Juan de Borgoña">Juan de Borgoña</a> to depict highlights of the conquest of <a href="/wiki/Oran" title="Oran">Oran</a>. </p><p>The Gothic ironwork screen was fashioned by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Franc%C3%A9s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan Francés (page does not exist)">Juan Francés</a> (1524), and incorporates among its ornamental elements the coat of arms of Cardinal Cisneros. The mosaic crucifix dates to the 18th century. It is said that it was brought from Rome and that the ship was shipwrecked in transit, leaving the image for a time at the bottom of the sea until it was recovered. The crucifix proper is made of a single piece, carved in Mexican fennel root. Another Gothic <a href="/wiki/Rood_screen" title="Rood screen">rood screen</a>, the work of the Toledan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julio_Pascual&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julio Pascual (page does not exist)">Julio Pascual</a>, separates the choir from the rest of the chapel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chapel_of_the_New_Monarchs">Chapel of the New Monarchs</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Chapel of the New Monarchs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name <i>Chapel of the New Monarchs</i> is in reference to the new lineage of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Trast%C3%A1mara" title="House of Trastámara">Trastámara</a>. The current chapel is located on the north side of the chapels of Saint James and of Leocadia, in the sanctuary, on the north side. It has an odd and difficult entrance designed by the architect <a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Covarrubias" title="Alonso de Covarrubias">Alonso de Covarrubias</a>. Before being moved to this space, it was called the Royal Chapel and was located at the foot of the cathedral, on the side nave of the north side (the Gospel Pulpit side), encompassing the last section, which cut off and impeded passage to the end of the nave. The Chapel Chapter wanted to change the location of this chapel to clear the nave, and Archbishop Alonso de Fonseca y Acevedo asked for permission to change its position in his correspondence with the King. The difficulty was finding a suitable site, which was finally resolved through the efforts of its architect, Alonso de Covarrubias. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tomb_of_John_I_of_Castile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tomb_of_John_I_of_Castile.jpg/220px-Tomb_of_John_I_of_Castile.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tomb_of_John_I_of_Castile.jpg/330px-Tomb_of_John_I_of_Castile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tomb_of_John_I_of_Castile.jpg/440px-Tomb_of_John_I_of_Castile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1258" data-file-height="1887" /></a><figcaption>Tomb of John I of Castile</figcaption></figure> <p>More than a chapel, it can be considered as a small church, of one nave with two sections and a polygonal apse, including a sacristy and an entrance vestibule, the original design of Covarrubias. It was built between 1531 and 1534. It is the first great work done by Covarrubias in Toledo. </p><p>The two sections of the nave have Gothic Cross vaults but all of the ornamentation and carving of the sepulchres is in Renaissance style. They are separated by a screen, the work of Domingo de Céspedes. The first section forms the body of the small church with some altars and in the second section is where the relocated royal sepulchres were placed in Renaissance vaulted tombs, the work of Covarrubias. On one side are Henry II and his wife <a href="/wiki/Juana_Manuel_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Juana Manuel of Castile">Juana Manuel</a>; in front of them, lying in sarcophagi, are Henry III the Infirm and <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Lancaster" title="Catherine of Lancaster">Catherine of Lancaster</a>. </p><p>Through the arch that gives access to the presbytery are two small altars in neoclassical style. The main altar is by Mateo Medina. It has a painting by Maella with the theme of the Descension, framed by two Corinthian columns. On both sides of this altar are tombs with the respective praying statues of <a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Castile" title="John I of Castile">John I of Castile</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Aragon,_Queen_of_Castile" title="Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile">Eleanor of Aragon</a>. </p><p>As a historical memorial, the armor of the second lieutenant Duarte de Almeida, who fought in the Battle de Toro (where he lost both arms, and was taken prisoner by the troops of the Catholic Monarchs in 1476), is kept in this chapel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapels_of_the_south_wall">Chapels of the south wall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Chapels of the south wall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of the Epiphany</b>: is a continuation of the Mozarabic chapel. The painting of the altarpiece, attributed to Juan de Borgoña (died c. 1438), on the theme of the Adoration of the Magi, inspired the name of this chapel. It was endowed in 1397 by Pedro Fernández de Burgos and his wife Maria Fernandez, who are buried on the Epistle side of the wall. It was later restored by Luis Daza (died 1504) who was chaplain to Henry IV. It has a well-executed <a href="/wiki/Reja" title="Reja">screen</a> enclosing it, in the style of the rejero (<i>screen-maker</i>) Juan Francés. A portrait of the chaplain is seen in the figure of the donor in the predella of the altarpiece. On one side of this chapel is his sepulchre, in a Gothic <a href="/wiki/Arcosolium" title="Arcosolium">arcosolium</a>. The frescos in the Chapter Room, also by Juan de Borgona, representing the life of the Virgin, Christ's Passion, and the Last Judgment set within a trompe l'oeil gallery of columns, have long been understood to be the first introduction of a Renaissance painting style to Castile.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of the Conception</b>: is accessed through a screen of much artistic value which incorporates the coat of arms of the Salcedo family, as construction of the chapel was financed in 1502 by Juan de Salcedo, apostolic <a href="/wiki/Protonotary_apostolic" title="Protonotary apostolic">protonotary</a> and Toledan canon. On its altarpiece are paintings by Francisco de Amberes and to the left side is the sepulchre of its patron.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of Saint Martin:</b> is also enclosed by a large screen, signed by Juan Francés with the following signature: "Juan Francés, grandmaster reja-maker".</dd></dl> <dl><dd>The chapel has a well-regarded altarpiece, believed to have been worked on by the masters <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Borgo%C3%B1a" title="Juan de Borgoña">Juan de Borgoña</a> and Francisco de Amberes. It is divided into three panels and five vertical sections. The central panel represents the namesake of the chapel, Saint <a href="/wiki/Martin_of_Tours" title="Martin of Tours">Martin of Tours</a>; it is believed to be the work of Andrés Florentino. On the sides of the altar are arcosolia containing the sepulchres of the canons Tomás González de Villanueva and Juan López de León; their sarcophagi are covered by their recumbent statues.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of Saint Eugene:</b> is unique in retaining the original architecture from the 13th century. Previously called the Chapel of Saint Peter, its name was changed during the time of the Archbishop Sancho de Rojas. It is enclosed by a screen very similar to the others signed by Juan Francés. On the altarpiece is the image of its namesake saint, the archbishop of Toledo, by Copín de Holanda. This chapel contains a work distinguished by its early date and its art, i.e., the sepulchre of the Bailiff of Toledo called Fernán Gudiel, who died in 1278. It is in Mudéjar style, with neither architecture nor sculpture, decorated simply with plasterwork in which geometric themes predominate. The arcosolium is delimited by two double columns that protrude from the upper frieze or cornice, which is adorned with decorative <a href="/wiki/Corbel" title="Corbel">corbels</a> called <a href="/wiki/Muqarnas" title="Muqarnas">muqarnas</a>. Lining this cornice is a repetitive inscription in the Arabic language which says: "The Mother of God. To the Virgin Mary".</dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20230327_Toledo_-_St._Christopher_carrying_the_Christ_Child.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/20230327_Toledo_-_St._Christopher_carrying_the_Christ_Child.jpg/220px-20230327_Toledo_-_St._Christopher_carrying_the_Christ_Child.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/20230327_Toledo_-_St._Christopher_carrying_the_Christ_Child.jpg/330px-20230327_Toledo_-_St._Christopher_carrying_the_Christ_Child.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/20230327_Toledo_-_St._Christopher_carrying_the_Christ_Child.jpg/440px-20230327_Toledo_-_St._Christopher_carrying_the_Christ_Child.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2309" data-file-height="3463" /></a><figcaption>Toledo - St. Christopher carrying the Christ Child</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd>The other tomb is the burial place of the canon and bishop Ferdinand of Castillo, who died in 1521, the work wholly done by Alonso de Covarrubias. On the wall of the aisle between the chapel and the <i>Portal of the Lions</i> is the monumental painting of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Christopher" title="Saint Christopher">Saint Christopher</a> (<i>San Cristobalón</i>) carrying the Christ child, painted in an earlier period and restored in 1638 by the painter Gabriel de Rueda.<sup id="cite_ref-Sancho_Guide_1997_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sancho_Guide_1997-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapels_of_the_ambulatory">Chapels of the ambulatory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Chapels of the ambulatory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original chapels were small and were designed to alternate in size, according to how the vaults were aligned. With time, reforms were made that completely changed the placement and size of some of these. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_original_chapels">The original chapels</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: The original chapels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of Saint Lucy</b> (Patron saint of the blind): also called Chapel of Saint Joseph. Its original architecture from the 13th century is preserved; it contains some paintings and epitaphs.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of the Old Monarchs</b>: the previous chapel with this name, founded by Sancho IV, was located in the high part of the presbytery, where the sepulchres of the monarchs are paid respect. Cardinal Cisneros had it dismantled and ordered it relocated to the place it now occupies. It is enclosed with a well-worked screen by Domingo de Céspedes. The chapel contains three interesting retables: the center retable has eleven good Hispano-Flemish panels and a relic of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Face_of_Jesus" title="Holy Face of Jesus">Holy Face of Jesus</a>, a present from Pope Innocent X, which King Philip IV commanded to be placed here.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of Saint Ann</b>: has a fine Plateresque screen and contains the tomb of its sponsor, Juan de Mariana. It is one of the smallest chapels.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of Saint John the Baptist</b>: is enclosed with a Gothic screen. Its sponsor was the archdeacon of <a href="/wiki/Niebla,_Spain" title="Niebla, Spain">Niebla</a> and canon of Toledo, Fernando Díaz de Toledo, whose tomb suffered damage in 1790, sparing only the recumbent figure which was placed on one side of the chapel. A relic with a valuable ivory statue of Christ is also preserved in a shrine within this space. The chapel has a sacristy, corresponding to what had been the chapel of Saint Britus or Saint Bricius.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of Saint Giles</b>: is considered a jewel amongst the chapels, although it is very small. Its sponsor was Miguel Díaz, canon and apostolic notary, a man of refined artistic taste who commissioned the entire interior to be painted with decoration in Pompeiian style, a style which at the time was fashionable in <a href="/wiki/El_Escorial" title="El Escorial">the Escorial</a>. The screenwork was also executed in good taste. The chapel has a small altar of various marblework.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Chapterhouse_(Sala_Capitular)"><span id="The_Chapterhouse_.28Sala_Capitular.29"></span>The Chapterhouse (<i>Sala Capitular</i>)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: The Chapterhouse (Sala Capitular)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beyond the chapels of the ambulatory stands the Chapterhouse. First one passes through a fine portal by Diego Copin (1510) to the <i>Antesala</i>, an old chapel of small size which serves as a kind of vestibule through which the Chapterhouse is entered; it has a marble floor, an <i>artesonado</i> (a <a href="/wiki/Coffer" title="Coffer">coffered</a> wooden ceiling with lacery of interlaced laths), by Francisco de Lara (1517), and a plateresque frieze by Juan de Borgoña. The Antesala is furnished with wardrobes or cabinets; the finer work on the left with Hellenistic decoration is by Gregorio Pardo (1551), and that on the right is by Gregorio López Durango (1780). The square portal leading from here to the Chapterhouse proper was executed in the so-called Cisneros style by Master Pablo and Bernardino Bonifacio de Tovar, combining Mudéjar features with Plateresque decoration, in 1510. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sala_Capitular_(Catedral_de_Toledo),_Toledo,_Spain_-_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Sala_Capitular_%28Catedral_de_Toledo%29%2C_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_1.JPG/300px-Sala_Capitular_%28Catedral_de_Toledo%29%2C_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Sala_Capitular_%28Catedral_de_Toledo%29%2C_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_1.JPG/450px-Sala_Capitular_%28Catedral_de_Toledo%29%2C_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Sala_Capitular_%28Catedral_de_Toledo%29%2C_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_1.JPG/600px-Sala_Capitular_%28Catedral_de_Toledo%29%2C_Toledo%2C_Spain_-_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Chapterhouse of the Cathedral of Toledo</figcaption></figure> <p>The Chapterhouse was commissioned by Cardinal Cisneros to be built abutting the apse on its south side, in 1504. The drawing of the plans was assigned to the architect Enrique Egas. It is a rectangular unvaulted room, with a beautiful artesonado coffered ceiling done by Diego López de Arenas and Francisco de Lara between 1508 and 1510 in the Cisneros style. It is painted red, blue and gold; the frieze (<i>alicer</i>) has a very rich plateresque ornamentation. The painting and frieze were the work of Luis de Medina and Alfonso Sanchez (1510). The entire room is traversed by a wood pew which functions as the <a href="/wiki/Seat_of_honor" title="Seat of honor">seat of honuor</a> for the prelates, save the archbishopric chair at the end of the room, centre of the wall, carved by Copín de Holanda and finished in 1514. Above the seats of honor, in two rows and lining the walls are the portraits of all the archbishops from Saint Eugene to the last. Juan de Borgoña painted the series of portraits from Saint Eugene to Cardinal Cisneros. Those of Sandoval and Rojas were done by Tristán; of Moscoso, by Ricci; of Iguanzo, by Vicente López. </p><p>Between the gallery of portraits and the frieze of the coffering, the walls are adorned with a celebrated series of frescoes by Juan de Borgoña. This constitutes one of the great collections of Spanish wall paintings. Trompe l'oeil columns divide the panels where scenes of the life of the Virgin and of the Passion of Christ are depicted. </p><p><b>Chapel of Saint Ildephonsus</b>: is situated in the centre of the ambulatory and faces <a href="/wiki/El_Transparente" title="El Transparente">El Transparente</a>, a Baroque altarpiece created in 1729-1732 by <a href="/wiki/Narciso_Tom%C3%A9" title="Narciso Tomé">Narciso Tomé</a> and his four sons. The chapel is consecrated under the protection of Saint Ildephonsus; its construction dates from the end of the 14th century by the expressed desire of Cardinal Gil Carrillo of Albornoz as a burial chapel for himself and his family,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which he did not see completed. Cardinal Albornoz<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> died in Viterbo, Italy, in 1367; his remains were later transferred to Toledo where Henry of Castile had them entombed with almost royal honours. </p><p>The chapel occupies the space of three earlier chapels: one large central chapel<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and two smaller side chapels. It is of octagonal plan, being one of the first chapels in which the model of an octagon was used for a burial chapel. </p><p>On the keystone of the central arch of the entranceway is a portrait painting of Esteban Illán, who proclaimed Alfonso VIII as king of Castile, doing so from the height of the tower of Saint Roman.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chapel is built in three styles of different periods: Gothic in the arches, vaults and a sepulchre; Plateresque in the sepulchre of the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_%C3%81vila" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Ávila">bishop of Ávila</a>; and Neo-Classical in the central altar. This 18th-century altar was made of marble, jasper and bronze, and was designed by <a href="/wiki/Ventura_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Ventura Rodríguez">Ventura Rodríguez</a>; the large relief in its centre, with its theme of the gift of the <a href="/wiki/Chasuble" title="Chasuble">chasuble</a> to Saint Ildephonsus, is the work of Manuel Francisco Álvarez (1783), completed during the time of Cardinal Lorenzana. </p> <dl><dd><b>The Sepulchres of the Chapel of Saint Ildephonsus</b></dd> <dd>The sepulchre of Cardinal Gil Carrillo de Albornoz is in the center of the chapel, with Gothic decoration of small arches and lamenting figures on its four faces. To the right of the altar is the sepulchre of the bishop of Ávila, Alonso Carrillo of Albornoz, who died in 1514. This, the work of Vasco de la Zarza, Castilian Renaissance sculptor, is considered the best work of the chapel. The remaining sepulchres are other tombs of the Albornoz family.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapel_of_Saint_James">Chapel of Saint James</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Chapel of Saint James"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alvaro_de_luna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Alvaro_de_luna.jpg/200px-Alvaro_de_luna.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Alvaro_de_luna.jpg/300px-Alvaro_de_luna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Alvaro_de_luna.jpg/400px-Alvaro_de_luna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="1089" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Luna" title="Álvaro de Luna">Álvaro de Luna y Jarana</a> wearing the cope (<i>cloak</i>) of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Santiago" title="Order of Santiago">Order of Santiago</a>, and its <a href="/wiki/Cross_of_Saint_James" title="Cross of Saint James">cross</a> on his chest. Grand Master of the order from 1445 to 1453, he prays before the altarpiece of the chapel of <a href="/wiki/James,_son_of_Zebedee" class="mw-redirect" title="James, son of Zebedee">St. James</a> in the cathedral of Toledo.</figcaption></figure> <p>Also called the Chapel of <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Luna" title="Álvaro de Luna">Álvaro de Luna</a> for the historical figure who commissioned the chapel as a burial place for himself and his family. This is one of the largest of the ambulatory, occupying the space of three of the old chapels: one large chapel and two small chapels; its floor plan is laid out in octagonal shape. The Chapel of Saint James is of a very pure and select Flamboyant style, one of the best examples that exist in Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This most elaborate Gothic style is reflected in the entrance arches with their openwork traceries and in the skylight of the blind arches of the interior, in the gables, the ornaments (openwork and hanging festoon), and the structural ribs rising from the floor that cross the vault forming a star. Nevertheless, the exterior features are austere, and completely Hispanic. Granite was used for the cladding, in contrast with the pleasing whiteness of the stone of the interior; the dome is crested in the manner of a battlemented castle with turrets. </p> <dl><dd><b>History</b></dd> <dd>In 1435, High <a href="/wiki/Constable_of_Castile" title="Constable of Castile">Constable of Castile</a> Álvaro de Luna<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> had reached the height of his political power. He wanted his own chapel in the primatial cathedral as a sepulchre for himself and his family, so he bought the earlier chapel of Saint Thomas of Canterbury which had been commissioned in the 12th century by <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Lancaster" title="Eleanor of Lancaster">Queen Eleanor Plantagenet</a>, this being the first chapel dedicated to the saint outside England. It is known that Álvaro commissioned the sepulchre while he was still alive; a three-dimensional figure of his person was made that consisted in a somewhat strange device—the bronze figure raised up and knelt down by means of a special mechanism activated at the moment the mass started. When he was executed under orders of <a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Aragon" title="John II of Aragon">King John II</a>, the chapel was still under construction so its completion was placed in care of his wife, Juana de Pimentel, and later of his daughter, María de Luna, who commissioned the sculpting of her parents' sarcophagi in 1498. This was the probable year of the chapel's completion by the great company of masters who were the associates of Hanequin de Bruselas.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Retable</b></dd> <dd>The retable is a Gothic altarpiece, the work of Pedro de Gumiel with fourteen panels painted by Sancho de Zamora. He was contracted by María de Luna in 1488. In the center is an equestrian figure of Saint James, the work of Juan de Segovia. In the center of the predella is represented the scene of the <i>Weeping Before a Dead Christ</i>, and on its sides the Count Álvaro and his wife are portrayed as patrons accompanied by Saint Francis and Saint Anthony.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Burials</b></dd> <dd>The two sepulchres in the center of the chapel belong to Álvaro and his wife Juana de Pimentel. The reclining figures are Hispano-Flemish sculptures by Pablo Ortiz. The praying figures in the corners are of high quality: a Knight of Santiago kneels at each corner of Álvaro's tomb, in the corners of his wife's tomb are four Franciscan friars.</dd></dl> <dl><dd>In recesses in the left wall are the tombs of Juan de Luna (the son of Álvaro), Álvaro de Luna (father), the archbishop Juan of Cerezuela (brother) and Archbishop Pedro de Luna (uncle). The Dukes Infante have their own burial crypt beneath the chapel.</dd></dl> <p><b>Chapel of Saint Leocadia</b>: has a lattice of stone worked in Flamboyant style. It served as a burial chapel for the canon Juan Ruiz Ribera who commissioned its restoration in 1536; his ashes are in an urn located inside a niche. His uncle Juan Ruiz the Elder is buried in the front wall . In the retable may be found the namesake image of Saint Leocadia, a painting of the 18th century by Ramón Seyro (student of Mariano Salvador Maella), framed in white and black marblework. </p><p><b>Chapel of the Christ of the Column</b>: is a very small space. The most significant feature is the altar attributed to Diego Copín de Holanda, with well-done carvings of Christ on the column between Saint Peter and Saint John, in an attitude of prayer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chapels_of_the_north_wall">Chapels of the north wall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Chapels of the north wall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of Saint Peter</b>: is situated between the <i>Portal of the Clock</i> and the Chapel of Saint Catherine (which leads to the cloister). Its patron was Sancho de Rojas who is buried here; more than a chapel, it sometimes serves as a parish church. The entrance, delimited by an iron screen, is through a Gothic portal decorated by <a href="/wiki/Archivolt" title="Archivolt">archivolts</a> with vegetal and heraldic themes in which are replicated the five-star motif found on the coat of arms of the Rojas. The interior wall has fresco paintings attributed to <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Berruguete" title="Pedro Berruguete">Pedro Berruguete</a> or to <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8D%C3%B1igo_Comontes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Íñigo Comontes (page does not exist)">Íñigo Comontes</a>. A bust image of the archbishop decorates the vertex of the last archivolt, and to the right and left are small busts of the fourteen ranking bishops of the Chapter. In the centre and over the statuette of the archbishop is another Gothic image of Saint Peter on his throne.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of Mercy</b>: founded by the canon treasurer Alfonso Martínez for his burial. The altar is dedicated to Saint Teresa whose image is attributed to <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Mena" title="Pedro de Mena">Pedro de Mena</a> or to his studio.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of the Baptismal Font</b>: The most notable feature is the ironwork screen by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Domingo_of_C%C3%A9spedes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Domingo of Céspedes (page does not exist)">Domingo of Céspedes</a>. The bronze baptismal font is highly decorated with Gothic-Renaissance elements.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of Our Lady of La Antigua</b>: has a decorated ironwork screen. It is consecrated to the <i>Virgen de la Antigua</i>, an icon which tradition claims predates the Muslim conquest of Toledo.</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Chapel of Doña Teresa de Haro</b>: also known as of the Christ of the Spoons in reference to the ladles on the coat of arms of the López de Padilla family. It was founded by Teresa de Haro, widow of Marshal Diego López de Padilla.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composite_unity_of_the_Herrerian_spaces">Composite unity of the Herrerian spaces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Composite unity of the Herrerian spaces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This section pertains to the comprehensive architectural composition of the spaces of the Sacristy (including the vestuary and other rooms), the courtyard and house of the Treasurer, the Chapel of the Tabernacle and Chapel of the Eighths or of the Reliquary, situated at the north side of the cathedral.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sacristy">Sacristy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Sacristy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Techo_Sacrist%C3%ADa_Toledo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Techo_Sacrist%C3%ADa_Toledo.jpg/300px-Techo_Sacrist%C3%ADa_Toledo.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Techo_Sacrist%C3%ADa_Toledo.jpg/450px-Techo_Sacrist%C3%ADa_Toledo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Techo_Sacrist%C3%ADa_Toledo.jpg/600px-Techo_Sacrist%C3%ADa_Toledo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="594" /></a><figcaption>Ceiling fresco by <a href="/wiki/Luca_Giordano" title="Luca Giordano">Luca Giordano</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The sacristy exhibits treasures from the cathedral's collection, including many major works of art. It is a large space that includes the apartments of the ante-sacristy and the vestuary with its collection of garments. The ante-sacristy is a rectangular room decorated with paintings by the Italian artists <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Carducci" title="Vincenzo Carducci">Vincenzo Carducci</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Cax%C3%A9s" title="Eugenio Caxés">Eugenio Caxés</a>, as well as Francisco Ricci and the Neapolitan <a href="/wiki/Luca_Giordano" title="Luca Giordano">Luca Giordano</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg/220px-Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg/330px-Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg/440px-Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>Ceiling fresco in Toledo Cathedral</figcaption></figure> <p>The sacristy was designed by Francisco Vergara the Greater and Juan Bautista Monegro, in <a href="/wiki/Herrerian" class="mw-redirect" title="Herrerian">Herrerian</a> style. The barrel vault, inset with <a href="/wiki/Lunette" title="Lunette">lunettes</a> accommodating the windows, is lavishly decorated with <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">frescos</a> by Luca Giordano. The principal theme is the <i>Clothing of Saint Ildephonsus with the Chasuble</i>, a theme that is repeated throughout the cathedral in paintings and sculpture. The walls display a variety of elaborately framed paintings, forming a gallery of works by several great masters. The most renowned are the fifteen by <a href="/wiki/El_Greco" title="El Greco">El Greco</a>, including his <a href="/wiki/The_Disrobing_of_Christ" title="The Disrobing of Christ"><i>El Expolio</i></a> (<i>The Disrobing of Christ</i>) on the high altar, framed by marblework and a pair of Corinthian columns. This painting underwent cleaning and conservation at the <a href="/wiki/Museo_del_Prado" title="Museo del Prado">Prado</a> in Madrid, returning in 2014. There are also works by <a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Morales" title="Luis de Morales">Luis de Morales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Orrente" class="mw-redirect" title="Pedro de Orrente">Pedro de Orrente</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juan_Pantoja_de_la_Cruz" title="Juan Pantoja de la Cruz">Juan Pantoja de la Cruz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Borgo%C3%B1a" title="Juan de Borgoña">Juan de Borgoña</a>, Luis Tristán, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_van_Dyck" title="Anthony van Dyck">Anthony van Dyck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Goya" title="Francisco Goya">Francisco Goya</a> (<i>The Arrest of Christ</i>), <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Bassano_the_Younger" title="Francesco Bassano the Younger">Bassano the Younger</a> and others. In addition to the paintings, there is a collection of valuable objects, most especially the Rich Bible of Saint Louis, which belonged to the king of France and dates from 1250; it has 750 miniatures on the cover and 5,000 more distributed in the manuscript pages of its three volumes. This was an acquisition of <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_X_of_Castile" title="Alfonso X of Castile">Alfonso X of Castile</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:El_Expolio,_por_El_Greco.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/El_Expolio%2C_por_El_Greco.jpg/220px-El_Expolio%2C_por_El_Greco.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="378" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/El_Expolio%2C_por_El_Greco.jpg/330px-El_Expolio%2C_por_El_Greco.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/El_Expolio%2C_por_El_Greco.jpg/440px-El_Expolio%2C_por_El_Greco.jpg 2x" data-file-width="745" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Disrobing_of_Christ" title="The Disrobing of Christ">The Disrobing of Christ</a></i>, 1579, by <a href="/wiki/El_Greco" title="El Greco">El Greco</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the next room is the vestuary with the ceiling groins painted by <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Coello" title="Claudio Coello">Claudio Coello</a> and José Donoso. In this space are found several paintings: <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a>'s portrait <i><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_III" title="Pope Paul III">Pope Paul III</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez" title="Diego Velázquez">Velázquez</a>'s <i>Cardinal Gaspar de Borja</i>, <a href="/wiki/Caravaggio" title="Caravaggio">Caravaggio</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist_(Caravaggio)" title="John the Baptist (Caravaggio)">John the Baptist</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Bellini" title="Giovanni Bellini">Giovanni Bellini</a>'s <i>Burial of Christ</i>. </p><p>One of the apartments contains a collection of garments that includes many valuable pieces. There are a total of 70 suits here; these include vestments of the 16th and 17th centuries, some embroidered by the father of Alonso de Covarrubias, who held the office of the vestuary. The <a href="/wiki/Cope" title="Cope">cope</a> of archbishop <a href="/wiki/Sancho_of_Aragon_(1250-1275)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sancho of Aragon (1250-1275)">Sancho of Aragón</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_Aragon" title="James I of Aragon">James I of Aragon</a>, is noteworthy; it is embroidered with heraldic emblems. Another good example is the cope of Cardinal Gil de Albornoz, with Gothic embroidery of scenes from the Bible and lives of the Saints, principally English. The collection also contains the <a href="/wiki/Zucchetto" title="Zucchetto">zucchetto</a> and an embroidered lappet of the great <a href="/wiki/Tiara" title="Tiara">tiara</a> that <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles I of Spain</a> wore at his coronation in <a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a>. </p><p>There is an Arab standard on display here as well, won in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rio_Salado" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Rio Salado">Battle of Rio Salado</a>, and a collection of tapestry with more than seventy exemplary pieces. There are sketches by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Rubens</a>, the gift of Archbishop Fernández Portocorracero, which he commissioned expressly for the cathedral. Some of these are hung on the walls of the cathedral during the <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi_(feast)" class="mw-redirect" title="Corpus Christi (feast)">feast days of Corpus Christi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chapel_of_the_Virgin_of_the_Tabernacle">Chapel of the Virgin of the Tabernacle</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Chapel of the Virgin of the Tabernacle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Along with the adjacent chapel called the Chapel of the Eighths, this chapel is the best example of the Herrerian building style in the cathedral. The grandeur of its new structure and ornamentation in the stark Herrerian style of the latter 16th century is owed to Cardinal Bernardo de Rojas y Sandoval. These works were begun by Nicolás de Vergara el Mozo and finished around 1616. Juan Bautista Monegro and Jorge Manuel Theotocópuli (son of the painter El Greco) participated in the project as well. </p><p>The chapel is under the protection of the Virgin of the Tabernacle, a Roman-style carving which was plated in silver in the 13th century and later dressed with a mantle studded in pearls. This image has always been called by the name 'Saint Mary'. Tradition holds that it belonged to the Apostles and was brought to Toledo by Saint Eugene. Also entering into the legend is the fact that it was hidden during the period of Muslim rule and restored later by King Alfonso VI. </p><p>The walls are clad in marblework and the great dome is supported by pendentives. On the north wall is the altar with an image of the Virgin and in one of the side walls, the sepulchre of Cardinal Sandoval y Rojas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chapel_of_the_Eighths">Chapel of the Eighths</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Chapel of the Eighths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This chapel is so named because of its octagonal plan, though it is sometimes called the Chapel of the Reliquary for the many relics kept there. The entrance to this chapel is by two doors flanking the altar of the chapel of the Tabernacle. The walls are decorated with marblework. The chapel is crowned by a dome with a <a href="/wiki/Roof_lantern" title="Roof lantern">roof lantern</a> <a href="/wiki/Cupola" title="Cupola">cupola</a>, the work of <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Manuel_Theotoc%C3%B3puli" title="Jorge Manuel Theotocópuli">Jorge Manuel Theotocópuli</a>, while the interior of the dome itself was decorated by the painters <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ricci" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Ricci">Francisco Ricci</a> and <a href="/wiki/Juan_Carre%C3%B1o" title="Juan Carreño">Juan Carreño</a>. In the altars semi-detached to the walls are historically and artistically interesting reliquaries.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The relics include a piece of the veil of Saint Leocadia (the Hispano-Roman Toledan virgin) which, according to the legend, was cut by Saint Ildephonsus off the saint's person when she appeared in the year 666. It is said that <a href="/wiki/Recceswinth" title="Recceswinth">Recceswinth</a> lent his knife to the saint to perform this act; the knife is also kept as a relic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stained_glass_windows">Stained glass windows</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Stained glass windows"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedral_de_Toledo_Interior.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Catedral_de_Toledo_Interior.JPG/250px-Catedral_de_Toledo_Interior.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Catedral_de_Toledo_Interior.JPG/375px-Catedral_de_Toledo_Interior.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Catedral_de_Toledo_Interior.JPG/500px-Catedral_de_Toledo_Interior.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Stained glass windows</figcaption></figure> <p>The stained glass windows together constitute a very beautiful and important collection of artworks. The Cathedral of Saint Mary of Toledo is one of the Castilian buildings that preserves the most medieval stained glass windows. They were produced from the 14th to the 17th centuries; restorations were done in the 18th century, according to changes in style that had evolved with the passing of the years. </p><p>The oldest, and also the most appreciated for the beauty of their stained glass, are those of the <i>Rose Window</i> of the transept (over the <i>Portal of the Clock</i>) and some of those of the ambulatory, even though these have a softer color. Then there are those of the main chapel and those of the north aisle of the transept on the east side that display enormous figures of saints and apostles. </p><p>The makers of many of the 15th-century windows are documented. It is known that those of the main chapel and some of the transept were created by the glass-maker Jacobo Dolfin and his servant Luis, and those of the southern transept and some large windows of the main nave on the Epistle side, by the masters Pedro Bonifacio, Cristóbal, and the German monk Pedro. Later, works by the Toledan master Enrique appear. </p><p>The stained glass windows of the 16th century are adorned with figures done in Renaissance style. On these worked such renowned masters as Vasco de Troya (in 1502), Juan de Cuesta (1506) and Alejo Ximénez (1509–1513), who worked on those of the side naves and of the west façade. The stained glass windows of the <i>Rose Window</i> and of the <i>Portal of the Lions</i> are by <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_de_Vergara_el_Mozo" title="Nicolás de Vergara el Mozo">Nicolás de Vergara el Mozo</a>. </p><p>At the beginning of the 18th century, new stained glass was made to replace that which had been damaged. The artist Francisco Sánchez Martínez (one of the last glass-makers of the cathedral) was one of the better restorers, even though no new designs were produced and the old motifs were repeated. During the Spanish Civil War the glass deteriorated badly, but in the latter years of the 20th century a great restoration effort was undertaken and some of the brilliance of former periods was revived. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="El_Transparente">El Transparente</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: El Transparente"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Transparente_de_la_Catedral_de_Toledo,_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Transparente_de_la_Catedral_de_Toledo%2C_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg/300px-Transparente_de_la_Catedral_de_Toledo%2C_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Transparente_de_la_Catedral_de_Toledo%2C_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg/450px-Transparente_de_la_Catedral_de_Toledo%2C_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Transparente_de_la_Catedral_de_Toledo%2C_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg/600px-Transparente_de_la_Catedral_de_Toledo%2C_Espa%C3%B1a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3808" data-file-height="2841" /></a><figcaption>El Transparente of the cathedral</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ceiling_statues_of_Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Ceiling_statues_of_Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg/220px-Ceiling_statues_of_Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Ceiling_statues_of_Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg/330px-Ceiling_statues_of_Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Ceiling_statues_of_Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg/440px-Ceiling_statues_of_Toledo_Cathedral_yeonu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>El Transparente of Toledo Cathedral</figcaption></figure> <p>One of the most outstanding features of the Cathedral is the <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> altarpiece called <i><a href="/wiki/El_Transparente" title="El Transparente">El Transparente</a></i>. Its name refers to the unique illumination provided by a large skylight cut very high up into the thick wall across the ambulatory behind the high altar, and another hole cut into the back of the altarpiece itself to allow shafts of sunlight to strike the <a href="/wiki/Church_tabernacle" title="Church tabernacle">tabernacle</a>. This lower hole also allows persons in the ambulatory to see through the altarpiece to the tabernacle, so that they are seeing through its transparency, so to speak. The work was commissioned by Diego de Astorga y Céspedes, Archbishop of Toledo, who wished to mark the presence of the Holy Sacrament with a glorious monument. <i>El Transparente</i> is several storeys high and is extraordinarily well-executed with fantastic figures done in <a href="/wiki/Stucco" title="Stucco">stucco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Painting" title="Painting">painting</a>, bronze castings, and multiple colors of <a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">marble</a>; it is a masterpiece of <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> mixed media by <a href="/wiki/Narciso_Tom%C3%A9" title="Narciso Tomé">Narciso Tomé</a> and his four sons (two architects, one painter and one sculptor). The illumination is enhanced when the Mass is being said in the mornings and the sun shines from the east, shafts of sunlight from the appropriately oriented skylight striking the tabernacle through the hole in the back of the retable, giving the impression that the whole altar is rising to <a href="/wiki/Heaven" title="Heaven">heaven</a>. The fully Baroque display contrasts strongly with the predominant Gothic style of the cathedral. The cathedral is also illuminated through more than 750 stained glass windows from the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries, the work of some of the greatest masters of the times. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Renaissance_Rejería_in_the_cathedral"><span id="The_Renaissance_Rejer.C3.ADa_in_the_cathedral"></span>The Renaissance Rejería in the cathedral</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: The Renaissance Rejería in the cathedral"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Capilla_Mayor_Rejer%C3%ADa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Capilla_Mayor_Rejer%C3%ADa.jpg/180px-Capilla_Mayor_Rejer%C3%ADa.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Capilla_Mayor_Rejer%C3%ADa.jpg/270px-Capilla_Mayor_Rejer%C3%ADa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Capilla_Mayor_Rejer%C3%ADa.jpg/360px-Capilla_Mayor_Rejer%C3%ADa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="928" /></a><figcaption>The chapel screen in the foreground</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 16th century, the <i><a href="/wiki/Reja" title="Reja">rejas</a></i>, or decorative ironwork screens placed in front of the choir, the chapels, and sometimes even the altars, were made in Renaissance style. Their bars, columns, and crests were made with great delicacy and often included fine gold work. The bar is the principal element articulating or dividing the sections, sometimes serving as a support for <a href="/wiki/Candelabra" title="Candelabra">candelabra</a> and <i>tenebrarios</i> (triangular candelabra). In their manufacture they were worked first in the forge by hammer and anvil and then by lathe. The Renaissance screens are divided into two or three horizontal levels by transverse bars which in turn are vertically divided by columns which were intercalated between the thinner upright bars. Almost all are adorned with mythological figures, medallions, candelabra and crestings. They were forged of iron and later plated in gold or silver. The master rejeros (reja-makers) who worked in the cathedral were: Domingo de Céspedes, Francisco de Villalpando, Juan Francés and Julio Pascual. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_Treasure_of_the_cathedral">Main Treasure of the cathedral</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Main Treasure of the cathedral"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Chapel of the Treasure is located in the old chapel of Saint John, occupying the site of the former tower chapel, called the Quo Vadis. It stands before the Mozárabe chapel, on the north side, directly below the cathedral tower. In reality, it was never a true chapel, instead it served as sacristy to the chapel of the New Monarchs before its transfer.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was designed and built in 1537 by Alonso de Covarrubias, in the Renaissance style. Since 1870 this has been the repository of the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_Treasure" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral Treasure">Cathedral Treasure</a>, called <i>Las Alhajas</i>, or "The Jewels". </p><p>The building has an unusual façade, designed by Covarrubias. Because it was intended originally to be the burial chapel of Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Juan_Pardo_de_Tavera" title="Juan Pardo de Tavera">Juan Pardo de Tavera</a>, its sculptures allude as much to his death as to his life. This façade consists of a closed, round arch framed by two very ornate columns; the linteled door is open. Covarrubias carved a bust of Saint John the Baptist on the tympanum (the space between the arch and the lintel), inside of a medallion or <i>tondo</i><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> supported by <i>tenantes</i>, or standing figures, one on each side, sculpted as angels in human form; John the Baptist was the patron saint of Cardinal Tavera. Above is a niche which contains the sculptural group depicting the events of the <a href="/wiki/Quo_Vadis" class="mw-redirect" title="Quo Vadis">Quo Vadis</a> legend over a floor of shells, in an allusion to death; this is the work of the sculptor Olarte. The group is enclosed by balustraded columns of rich ornamentation. On both sides of the niche is the coat of arms of Cardinal Tavera (repeated in smaller size in the tympanum) and below them, the coat of arms of the canon Diego López de Ayala, who was a great patron of the cathedral. </p><p>The Chapel of the Treasure has an artesonado ceiling, painted in gold and black, with carved flowers and figures. In its interior are multiple glass display cabinets that hold the treasure of the cathedral, which consists of liturgical objects, relics, crosiers, clothing, etc., including the mantle of the <i>Virgen del Sagrario</i> embroidered by Felipe Corral, and perhaps the most remarkable specimen of embroidery that exists in Spain. It is made of twelve yards of silver cloth, entirely covered with gold, pearls, rubies, sapphires and emeralds. There are two good carvings, one by Juan Martínez Montañés and another by Pedro de Mena, a wooden statue of <a href="/wiki/St._Francis_of_Assisi" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Francis of Assisi">St. Francis of Assisi</a>. The most valuable and important piece in the Treasure is the gorgeous <i>Custodia</i>, the monumental monstrance by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enrique_de_Arfe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enrique de Arfe (page does not exist)">Enrique de Arfe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Great_Monstrance_of_Arfe">The Great Monstrance of Arfe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: The Great Monstrance of Arfe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedral_Toledo_Custodia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Catedral_Toledo_Custodia.jpg/200px-Catedral_Toledo_Custodia.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Catedral_Toledo_Custodia.jpg/300px-Catedral_Toledo_Custodia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Catedral_Toledo_Custodia.jpg/400px-Catedral_Toledo_Custodia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The Monstrance</figcaption></figure> <p>The most important object kept in the Chapel of the Treasure is the great <b>Monstrance of Arfe</b>, also known as <i>La Gran Ostensoria de Toledo</i>. Made of the finest silver and gold and bejeweled with gems, it measures over ten feet tall. The <a href="/wiki/Monstrance" title="Monstrance">monstrance</a> is famous for being used in the annual feast of <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi_(feast)" class="mw-redirect" title="Corpus Christi (feast)">Corpus Christi</a> of <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a>. </p><p>The creator of the Great Monstrance was the metalworker <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enrique_de_Arfe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enrique de Arfe (page does not exist)">Enrique de Arfe</a>, born Heinrich von Harff, originally from <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BClich" title="Jülich">Jülich</a> or Harff near <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>, Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-grovedeco_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grovedeco-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arfe labored on it from 1517–1524, on commission to Cardinal Cisneros. It is of late Gothic design. This triumph of the silversmith's craft is in the form of a Gothic temple, with all the architectural details, such as columns, arches, and vaultings, the whole resembling a delicate lacework. Scenes from the life of the Saviour are illustrated in relief. It has two hundred and sixty statuettes of various sizes, all exhibiting the same skill in workmanship.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Great Monstrance has a hexagonal base, and rises on small exquisitely made columns, with adornments of gems and varied figurines of angels and saints, fleurons, small bells and clappers. The work is crowned in the uppermost section by a 17th-century cross. The pedestal on which it sits is in the Baroque style of the 18th century. Originally made of silver, Archbishop Quiroga commissioned its gilding to match the gold plated wood of the monstrance of the altar; it was gilded in 1595 by Valdivieso and Morino. Today it is encased under bulletproof glass and heavily guarded by an automatic security system within the grounds of the cathedral. </p><p>In the Middle Ages, Cardinal Cisneros wanted to compete for a grander monstrance than that of <a href="/wiki/Isabella_the_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabella the Catholic">Isabella the Catholic</a>, and to show it off in the procession of the Corpus Christi of Toledo, which at the time was the most important feast in the Kingdom of Castile. The monstrance took seven years to create and its cost surpassed 15 million <a href="/wiki/Spanish_maraved%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish maravedí">maravedís</a>, of which Arfe received the stipulated 2,700 <a href="/wiki/Spanish_real" title="Spanish real">reales</a>. He was awarded a bonus of 2,500 maravedís that the cathedral's chapter presented to him on Christmas of 1523, having been impressed by the magnificence of his work. </p><p>Since 1595, it has been customary to carry the monstrance in the procession of the Corpus Christi, on a float made for this purpose with an adjustable leveling which is mechanically activated. In the procession, political and ecclesiastical dignitaries proceed ahead of the monstrance and behind it the cadets of the Infantry Academy. The monstrance comprises 5,600 different pieces held together by 12,500 bolts and decorated with 260 figurines. Eighteen kilograms of 18 karat gold and 183 kilograms of pure silver were used in its fabrication; it is said to contain the first gold brought by Columbus from the New World. </p><p>The inscription on the Monstrance of Arfe reads as follows: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Don Francisco Jiménez Cardinal Cisneros, Cardinal Archbishop of Toledo, Governor of Spain and conqueror of Africa, commissioned this monstrance of the Most Holy Body of Christ to be made, which was finished during the vacant see, being the work of Diego López de Ayala. Year of the Lord 1524.</p></blockquote> <p>On <a href="/wiki/World_Youth_Day" title="World Youth Day">World Youth Day</a> in 2011, the Monstrance of Arfe was brought out of the Cathedral of Toledo into the <a href="/wiki/Cuatro_Vientos_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuatro Vientos Airport">Cuatro Vientos airport</a>, where it was used for the <a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_Adoration" class="mw-redirect" title="Eucharistic Adoration">Eucharistic Adoration</a> presided over by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monarchs_buried_in_the_cathedral">Monarchs buried in the cathedral</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Monarchs buried in the cathedral"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout Spanish history, several monarchs have wanted to be buried in the Primatial Cathedral of Toledo. Therefore, located in different parts of the cathedral, are found the sepulchres of the: </p> <dl><dd><b>Monarchs of León</b></dd></dl> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Sancha_II_of_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Sancha II of León">Sancha II</a>, 1230, Queen of León</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Monarchs of Castile</b></dd></dl> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Sancho_III_of_Castile" title="Sancho III of Castile">Sancho III the Desired</a>, 1157–1158, in the Main Chapel</dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Monarchs of Castile and León</b></dd></dl> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_VII_the_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso VII the Emperor">Alfonso VII the Emperor</a>, 1126–1157, the Main Chapel</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sancho_IV_of_Castile" title="Sancho IV of Castile">Sancho IV the Brave</a>, 1284–1295, the Main Chapel</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_Castile" title="Henry II of Castile">Henry II</a>, 1369-1379, and his wife Juana Manuel, the Chapel of the New Monarchs</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Castile" title="John I of Castile">John I</a>, 1379-1390, the Chapel of the New Monarchs</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_Castile" title="Henry III of Castile">Henry III the Infirm</a>, 1390–1406, and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Lancaster" title="Catherine of Lancaster">Catherine of Lancaster</a> (1373–1418), the Chapel of the New Monarchs</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Castile" title="John II of Castile">John II</a>, 1406-1454, the Chapel of the New Monarchs: a cenotaph; his body is buried in the Chapterhouse of Miraflores, in <a href="/wiki/Burgos" title="Burgos">Burgos</a></dd></dl> <dl><dd><b>Monarchs of Portugal</b></dd></dl> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Sancho_II_of_Portugal" title="Sancho II of Portugal">Sancho II the Pious</a>, 1223–1248, dispossessed of the throne, fled in exile to Toledo, died on 4 January 1248 and was buried in the city's cathedral (historically assumed)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cloister">Cloister</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Cloister"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Claustro_catedral_toledo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Claustro_catedral_toledo.jpg/250px-Claustro_catedral_toledo.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Claustro_catedral_toledo.jpg/375px-Claustro_catedral_toledo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Claustro_catedral_toledo.jpg/500px-Claustro_catedral_toledo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="681" /></a><figcaption>Cloister of the cathedral</figcaption></figure> <p>On the site of the old <i>al-cana</i> or <i>alcana</i> (Jewish commercial district), on the north side of the cathedral, Archbishop Pedro Tenorio planned the cloister and a chapel which would serve as his sepulchre. </p><p>The building of the <b>Cloister</b> was begun on 14 August 1389, and finished in 1425. The architect Rodrigo Alfonso and master builder Alvar Martínez supervised the construction of the four corridors with quadripartite vaults. The history of the building was not without intrigue. Since the local market fair was held in the very place where Archbishop Pedro Tenorio planned to build his cloister, the owners of the stands and shops there were reluctant from the start. The historian Eugenio Narbona recounted the desire of the archbishop to occupy as soon as possible the site of "the markets, which is the place where the merchandise is sold." During negotiations between the archbishop and the owners over purchase and price, a massive fire destroyed the entire market. Tenorio took advantage of this fortuitous event for his own purposes, and here enters the legend—he was accused of having caused the disaster to facilitate his acquisition of the desired plots. </p><p>Given the topography of its location, the ground level for the foundations of the cloister was raised nearly five feet above the level of the floor plan of the cathedral, and in a way that it could in future support the weight of the two heights, which came to pass upon the investiture of Cardinal Cisneros. Archbishop Tenorio did not spare any effort in ensuring that the grandeur and majesty of the cloister was worthy of a Gothic cathedral. In the galleries on the ground floor there is a series of frescoes depicting scenes of the lives of the Saints Eugenio, Casilda, and Eladio. Eleven of these are by Bayeu and two by de Maella. </p><p>It is worth noting that there being no monastic order in the cathedral, the cloister and other sections built along its perimeter had very different functions at various times: from storeroom to classroom, and as a centre of mercantile transactions (regaining the sense of the old <i>alcana</i>), or of prayer (one of its rooms was a Mozarabic chapel). The Cloister later served as the town hall. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Chapel_of_Saint_Blaise">The Chapel of Saint Blaise</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: The Chapel of Saint Blaise"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <b>Chapel of Saint Blaise</b> was commissioned by Archbishop Tenorio as well. Built on the lower level of the cathedral grounds, and entered from the Cloister itself, it is roofed by an octopartite vault in a reminder of the chapel's purpose as a burial chamber. The starting date of its construction is debated, although the period from 1389 to 1398 is generally accepted. It is certain that the building was finished shortly before the death of Archbishop Tenorio on 10 May 1399. The archbishop prepared a written consecration to Saint Blaise, leaving the manuscript behind at his death; his will stipulated the rents to be collected for the maintenance of the chapel, and required the cathedral Chapter to take over its management. </p><p>The chapel is situated about twenty-three feet below street level, the archbishop having ordered the ground outside the building raised with fill, a circumstance that in the long run caused many problems with humidity, which had a devastating effect on the artworks of the lower interior walls. This decision was made after construction was well along due to the cluttered impression the building gave the eye. </p><p>The chapel is decorated in two different parts. First, from the cornice to the ceiling, the <a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Creed" title="Apostles' Creed">Apostles' Creed</a> is represented in fourteen scenes in the manner of the dial of a clock. At the lower part beneath the cornice is a painting of the Final Judgement and scenes of the Lives of the Saints. The authorship of the works is not clear, even though it remains attributed without a doubt to Florentine painters, among whom are mentioned as very probably the artists: <a href="/wiki/Gherardo_Starnina" title="Gherardo Starnina">Gherardo Starnina</a> and Nicolás de Antonio. Deterioration caused by excessive humidity and some badly done restorations have damaged the paintings closest to the floor, in some cases irremediably. </p><p>At the beginning of the 21st century, a profound conservation-restoration of the paintings of the Chapel of Saint Blaise was inaugurated to stabilise the frescoes and restore the splendour of their original colors, with the exception of those unsalvageable fragments on the lowest portions of the walls. A second undertaking is nearly finished—the elimination of the water seeping through the walls from the street <i>Hombre de Palo</i>, which could damage the collection again. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music_of_the_cathedral">Music of the cathedral</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Music of the cathedral"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> advanced through all of Europe and with it religious music from the <a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">monasteries</a>, devotional music became a key part of the <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Eucharistic</a> liturgy. To further enhance the spectacular grandeur of the cathedral a visually impressive ritual was provided in which music has the mission of embracing the architectural work and amplifying the glorification of <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a>. Since 1440, <a href="/wiki/Polyphony" title="Polyphony">polyphonic</a> vocal pieces spread rapidly throughout <a href="/wiki/Castile_(historical_region)" title="Castile (historical region)">Castile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aragon" title="Aragon">Aragon</a>. Instrumental music was produced by the <a href="/wiki/Organ_(music)" title="Organ (music)">organ</a>, which soon found a place in the cathedrals and the churches of the <a href="/wiki/Archpriest" title="Archpriest">Archpriests</a>. </p><p>In the cathedral of Toledo, the most important organ is the so-called "Organ of the Emperor" in the transept of the cathedral. Next are the so-called "General", the organ made by Fray Joseph de Echevarría, and the organ made by José Verdalonga (1796–1797), located in the choir. <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Cisneros" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Cisneros">Cardinal Cisneros</a>, with the reform of the chapel of the Corpus Christi for the <a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozarabic rite">Mozarabic rite</a>, which had <a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_chant" title="Mozarabic chant">its own music</a>, introduced another organ in the chapel. Others are also found in the rest of the important chapels: that of the New Monarchs (which has two), of the Alcázar, of the Virgin of the Sacristy, and of Saint Peter. </p><p>The organ was not the only important musical instrument. With the passing of the years, <a href="/wiki/Wind_instrument" title="Wind instrument">wind instruments</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flageolet" title="Flageolet">flageolets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">flutes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sackbut" title="Sackbut">sackbuts</a>), <a href="/wiki/Harp" title="Harp">harps</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Chordophone" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordophone">string instruments</a>, like the so-called viola, which served as an accompaniment to the vocal music, were introduced. With the creation of the Chapel of Music, throughout the 16th and the 17th centuries the <a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">oboe</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Double_bass" title="Double bass">double bass</a> were being incorporated into the celebration of the Mass, before the flageolet and the sackbut. </p><p>The "Six-Piece", or children's choir, of the cathedral was created as a vocal group by Cardinal Silíceo who, on 22 July 1557, founded for its members the College of Our Lady of the Infantes, even though the existence of <i>moços</i> (boys) who sang in the liturgical services was already mentioned in the 12th century. They were and are the Choir of the Cathedral and of the Chapel of Music. In its constitution of the 16th century, its red clothing was already established, which the students still wear with a white <a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">surplice</a>. In the College lived, generally, the <i>Maestro de Capilla</i> and other professors with the boys; who supervised their development, which included, for a time, their incorporation into the Royal University of Toledo. The constitutional charter of the College, drafted by Silíceo on 9 May 1557, specifically instructed in its sixth point: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>... we order that another master be found to instruct the said altarboys to sing plainchant and organ chant and counterpoint, of whom the same information is found, is twenty-one years old, conforming to the Statute, a Priest, and of good repute and name and well learned in the faculty of Music, who will teach the altarboys a lesson of how to sing on all the festival days and Sundays one hour before eating, and another after having eaten, and another at the end of the day, and on the other school days, each day a lesson after having dined.</p></blockquote> <p>Among the <i>maestros de capilla</i>, <a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_de_Morales" title="Cristóbal de Morales">Cristóbal de Morales</a>, who composed <i>Emendemus in melius</i> and <i>Peccatem me Quotidie</i>, was preeminent; he had worked in the <a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a> of Rome and composed twenty-one masses and more than seventy <a href="/wiki/Motet" title="Motet">motets</a>. Other <i>maestros de capilla</i> were Matías Durango de los Arcos, <a href="/wiki/Alonso_Lobo" title="Alonso Lobo">Alonso Lobo</a>, Juan Bonet de Paredes, Andrés de Torrentes, Ginés de Boluda and Francisco Juncá y Carol. </p><p>The influence of the music of the cathedral of Toledo was decisive in Spanish religious music—not only in Mozarabic chant, but also in training maestros who later moved to other dioceses such as Seville or Jaén, and in the Six-Piece choristers who formed choirs in other cathedrals, even introducing variations of <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_chant" title="Gregorian chant">Gregorian chant</a> in the form of what is known as <i>Cantus Eugenianus</i>, <i>Cantus Melodicus</i> or <i>Vulgo Melodía</i>, through the efforts of the song masters of the cathedral (up to 18 masters have been recorded), figures who disappeared with the <a href="/wiki/Concordat_of_1851" title="Concordat of 1851">Concordat of 1851</a> and most of whose compositions are kept in the cathedral library. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Model_and_influence_of_the_cathedral_in_religious_architecture">Model and influence of the cathedral in religious architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Model and influence of the cathedral in religious architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bishop <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Xim%C3%A9nez_de_Rada" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodrigo Ximénez de Rada">Rodrigo Ximénez de Rada</a> and those who followed him used master builders who had worked in or had experience designing in the French <a href="/wiki/Gothic_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic (architecture)">Gothic</a> style. The cathedrals of Paris or <a href="/wiki/Le_Mans" title="Le Mans">Le Mans</a> were their points of reference. The constructive solutions of the French Gothic builders were well-accepted, such as counter-rests, buttresses and pointed arches; nevertheless, the Spanish builders resisted the importation of the layout of the French cathedrals, where the choir and the altar were located in impressive sanctuaries, opting for smaller ones and situating the choir in the central nave. This was the syncretic solution of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, which came first; all of this developed in Spain as much by the influence of the Mozarabic rite, as also by the Visigothic tradition and the Castilian liturgy. </p><p>This historical evolution, combined with the status of the Primatial Cathedral, encouraged the adoption of the Toledan model by the rest of the Spanish cathedrals, with the exception of that of <a href="/wiki/Burgos_Cathedral" title="Burgos Cathedral">Burgos</a> and that of <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n_Cathedral" title="León Cathedral">León</a> which more closely follows the French model. A similar arrangement of spaces can be seen in the cathedrals of <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz_Cathedral" title="Cádiz Cathedral">Cádiz</a>, of <a href="/wiki/Seville_Cathedral" title="Seville Cathedral">Seville</a>, and of <a href="/wiki/Palma_Cathedral" title="Palma Cathedral">Palma de Mallorca</a>, among others. And, as was foreseeable, the Spanish Empire carried the model of the <i>Dives Toletana</i> beyond, influencing those constructed in the Americas and the Philippines. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cathedral of Toledo has long been widely admired by art critics and historians, and it has been extravagantly praised by some. Here are citations from authorities in the study of art and of architecture: </p> <ul><li>The French historian and archeologist Élie Lambert (1888–1961) made a profound study of Gothic art in general and of the Cathedral of Toledo in particular. He wrote:</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"The Cathedral of Toledo is a world in itself, the centuries bestowing it with such an accumulation of great works of art, very diverse one from another, that the fabulousness of its riches and the attractiveness of its diversity, produce to the point of incredulity an impression of astonishment."</p></blockquote> <ul><li>Manuel Bartolomé Cossío (1857–1935), pedagogue and Spanish university professor, made the following critique:</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"The Cathedral of Toledo is the example most clearly Spanish of all Gothic architecture, and exemplifies here the transition to the Classical style; it is first in Spain and one of the most singular in the world in terms of beauty and perfection. It has resolved, by means of rectangles and triangles, the problem of the ambulatory."</p></blockquote> <ul><li>The architect, <a href="/wiki/Leopoldo_Torres_Balb%C3%A1s" title="Leopoldo Torres Balbás">Leopoldo Torres Balbás</a>, born in Madrid (1888–1960), says (Ars Hispaniae, VII):</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"Upon entering its interior [the Cathedral of Toledo], in the enormous hall of more than 120 meters of longitude and around 60 wide, a master work of calm and harmony, we find ourselves in a world very different from that of the French cathedrals, to think of the similarity of their forms. In place of the magnificent ascendant rhythm of these, the Toledan, its five naves in steps, without great differences of height, without any theatricality, is of balanced proportions. The sanctuary has a small elevation, flattened, if we compare it to that of whichever French cathedral. In something so essential in architecture as is the feeling of space, the Castilian temple differs radically from the French models from which it is derived."</p></blockquote> <ul><li>King <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_X_of_Castile" title="Alfonso X of Castile">Alfonso X the Wise</a> explains the reason for its construction in these terms:</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"And the king with the archbishop Don Rodrigo, walking by the church of Toledo, savouring it and conversing about it, taking it for too old already; and restraining in him his wine, the spirit of God and of sanctity came into him and restrained the King don Ferdinand so that God renewed him and gave him to make many conquests of the Moors in lands that Christianity lost, which good it would be to renew by those gains the church of Saint Mary of Toledo and had this reason for very good and very right, and King Don Ferdinand and Archbishop Don Rodrigo put it into work. Then they laid the first stone of the church of Saint Mary of Toledo, the king and the archbishop, they both placed one... And the work grew marvelously from day to day."</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/48px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/64px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/32px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/48px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/64px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spain" title="Portal:Spain">Spain portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Councils_of_Toledo" title="Councils of Toledo">Councils of Toledo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-usatoday-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-usatoday_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-usatoday_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://traveltips.usatoday.com/history-toledo-cathedral-53922.html">"The History of the Toledo Cathedral"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=The+History+of+the+Toledo+Cathedral&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftraveltips.usatoday.com%2Fhistory-toledo-cathedral-53922.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catedralprimada.es/cabildo_miembros/">"Miembros del Cabildo (The Primate's Chapter)"</a> (in Spanish). catedralprimada.es.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Miembros+del+Cabildo+%28The+Primate%27s+Chapter%29&rft.pub=catedralprimada.es&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catedralprimada.es%2Fcabildo_miembros%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Garnica1987-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Garnica1987_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosario_Díez_del_Corral_Garnica1987" class="citation book cs1">Rosario Díez del Corral Garnica (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Psa8OwAACAAJ"><i>Arquitectura y mecenazgo: la imagen de Toledo en el Renacimiento</i></a>. Alianza. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-206-7066-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-206-7066-9"><bdi>978-84-206-7066-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arquitectura+y+mecenazgo%3A+la+imagen+de+Toledo+en+el+Renacimiento&rft.pub=Alianza&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-84-206-7066-9&rft.au=Rosario+D%C3%ADez+del+Corral+Garnica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPsa8OwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In the 15th century this appellation was popularized through a Latin proverb exalting the four Spanish cathedrals considered the grandest, which says: <i>Sancta Ovetensis, pulchra Leonina, dives Toledana, fortis Salmantina</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeale-Rivaya2018" class="citation book cs1">Beale-Rivaya, Yasmine (2018). <i>A Companion to Medieval Toledo: Reconsidering the Canons</i>. Brill Publishers. p. 100. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004380516" title="Special:BookSources/9789004380516"><bdi>9789004380516</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Companion+to+Medieval+Toledo%3A+Reconsidering+the+Canons&rft.pages=100&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9789004380516&rft.aulast=Beale-Rivaya&rft.aufirst=Yasmine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFF._Bosch2010" class="citation book cs1">F. Bosch, Lynette M. (2010). <i>Art, Liturgy, and Legend in Renaissance Toledo: The Mendoza and the Iglesia Primada</i>. Pennsylvania State University Press. p. 61. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780271043814" title="Special:BookSources/9780271043814"><bdi>9780271043814</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Art%2C+Liturgy%2C+and+Legend+in+Renaissance+Toledo%3A+The+Mendoza+and+the+Iglesia+Primada&rft.pages=61&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780271043814&rft.aulast=F.+Bosch&rft.aufirst=Lynette+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As the story is related in the <i>First General Chronicle</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Angus Macnab, "The Moslim Saint in Toledo Cathedral", in: Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 2, No. 2. (Spring, 1968) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.studiesincomparativereligion.com/Public/ArticlePDFs/50.pdf">[1]</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Regarding the question of the age of Petrus Petri at the beginning of the construction of the cathedral, see <i>The Cathedral of Toledo</i>, The Modern Spain, 1903, by <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Amador_de_los_R%C3%ADos" title="José Amador de los Ríos">José Amador de los Ríos</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schroth2010-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Schroth2010_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarah_Schroth2010" class="citation book cs1">Sarah Schroth (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fNBIAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Domenico%20Fancelli%22"><i>Art in Spain and the Hispanic World: Essays in Honor of Jonathan Brown</i></a>. Paul Holberton Publishing. p. 215. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-907372-00-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-907372-00-1"><bdi>978-1-907372-00-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Art+in+Spain+and+the+Hispanic+World%3A+Essays+in+Honor+of+Jonathan+Brown&rft.pages=215&rft.pub=Paul+Holberton+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-907372-00-1&rft.au=Sarah+Schroth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfNBIAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522Domenico%2520Fancelli%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O4-ki_QM0aUC&pg=PA130"><i>Archbishop Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros and the Decoration of the Chapter Room and Mozarabic Chapel in Toledo Cathedral</i></a>. 2008. p. 130. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-549-74530-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-549-74530-3"><bdi>978-0-549-74530-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Archbishop+Francisco+Jimenez+de+Cisneros+and+the+Decoration+of+the+Chapter+Room+and+Mozarabic+Chapel+in+Toledo+Cathedral&rft.pages=130&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-549-74530-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO4-ki_QM0aUC%26pg%3DPA130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BoccardoColomer2004-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BoccardoColomer2004_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPiero_BoccardoJosé_Luis_ColomerClario_Di_Fabio2004" class="citation book cs1">Piero Boccardo; José Luis Colomer; Clario Di Fabio (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ViXPcFlhtfoC&pg=PA58"><i>España y Genova: obras, artistas y coleccionistas</i></a>. CEEH. p. 58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-933403-4-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-933403-4-6"><bdi>978-84-933403-4-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Espa%C3%B1a+y+Genova%3A+obras%2C+artistas+y+coleccionistas&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=CEEH&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-84-933403-4-6&rft.au=Piero+Boccardo&rft.au=Jos%C3%A9+Luis+Colomer&rft.au=Clario+Di+Fabio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DViXPcFlhtfoC%26pg%3DPA58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWethey1865" class="citation cs2">Wethey, Harold E. (1865), "Anequín de Egas Cueman, A Fleming in Spain", <i>The Art Bulletin</i>, <b>19</b> (3): 381–401, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3045689">10.2307/3045689</a>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3045689">3045689</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Art+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Anequ%C3%ADn+de+Egas+Cueman%2C+A+Fleming+in+Spain&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=381-401&rft.date=1865&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3045689&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3045689%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Wethey&rft.aufirst=Harold+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStreet1937" class="citation cs2">Street, George Edmund (1937), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yZ05AAAAcAAJ&q=anequin+of+Brussels&pg=PA475"><i>Some account of Gothic architecture in Spain</i></a>, p. 475</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Some+account+of+Gothic+architecture+in+Spain&rft.pages=475&rft.date=1937&rft.aulast=Street&rft.aufirst=George+Edmund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyZ05AAAAcAAJ%26q%3Danequin%2Bof%2BBrussels%26pg%3DPA475&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chueca Goitia, Fernando and Navascués, Pedro.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The retable in architoledo.org.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This sepulchre is in the cathedral of Sigüenza, in the chapel of Saint John and Saint Katherine.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolphin2008" class="citation book cs1">Dolphin, Erika (2008). <i>Archbishop Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros and the Decoration of the Chapter Room and Mozarabic Chapel in Toledo Cathedral</i>. New York, New York: New York University. p. 95.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Archbishop+Francisco+Jimenez+de+Cisneros+and+the+Decoration+of+the+Chapter+Room+and+Mozarabic+Chapel+in+Toledo+Cathedral&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=95&rft.pub=New+York+University&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Dolphin&rft.aufirst=Erika&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sancho_Guide_1997-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sancho_Guide_1997_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSancho1997" class="citation book cs1">Sancho, José Luis (1997). <i>Guide to Toledo Cathedral</i>. Aldeasa. p. 22. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788480030847" title="Special:BookSources/9788480030847"><bdi>9788480030847</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/432032847">432032847</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+to+Toledo+Cathedral&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Aldeasa&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F432032847&rft.isbn=9788480030847&rft.aulast=Sancho&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9+Luis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Archbishop of Toledo since 1338, but he barely frequented this see.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Founder of the Royal College of Spain in Bologna.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Spanish art historian and architect Fernando Chueca Goitia believes the old central chapel was from early times dedicated to Saint Ildephonsus, being located in the same center of the ambulatory.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Converted into the Museum of Visigothic Councils and Culture.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Flamboyant style came late to Spain from northern Europe and disappeared quickly being replaced by <a href="/wiki/Isabelline_Gothic" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabelline Gothic">Isabelline Gothic</a> in Spain and by <a href="/wiki/Manueline" title="Manueline">Manueline</a> in Portugal.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The poet Jorge Manrique dedicated a few verses to him in his work <i>Couplets on the death of his father</i>: Well that great High Constable, master whom we knew very privately, It is not fitting to speak of him, but only that we saw him ruined.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/El%C3%ADas_Tormo" title="Elías Tormo">Elías Tormo</a> (1869-1957, Spanish art critic and historian) used to say that this architectural complex inside the cathedral is like a small El Escorial transferred to the Mudéjar city of Toledo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The relics described are part of the Church tradition. Wikipedia takes no side on the reality or falsity of these legends.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The transfer of this chapel is already explained in the section that bears its name.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Word used in this period. It is Italian, meaning "round".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This has a separate description.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grovedeco-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-grovedeco_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2006" class="citation book cs1">Campbell, Gordon (2006). "Enrique de Arfe [Heinrich von Harff]". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i3Od9bcGus0C&q=%22Heinrich%20von%20Harff%22&pg=PA27"><i>The Grove encyclopedia of decorative arts - Volume 1: Aalto to Kyoto pottery</i></a>. New York, NY: Oxford Univ. Press. pp. 27–28. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-518948-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-518948-3"><bdi>978-0-19-518948-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Enrique+de+Arfe+%5BHeinrich+von+Harff%5D&rft.btitle=The+Grove+encyclopedia+of+decorative+arts+-+Volume+1%3A+Aalto+to+Kyoto+pottery&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=27-28&rft.pub=Oxford+Univ.+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-19-518948-3&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di3Od9bcGus0C%26q%3D%2522Heinrich%2520von%2520Harff%2522%26pg%3DPA27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalvert1908" class="citation book cs1">Calvert, Albert Frederick (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cu31924096961028/cu31924096961028_djvu.txt"><i>Toledo: An Historic and Descriptive Account of "The City of Generations"</i></a>. New York, New York: John Lane Company. pp. 121–122.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Toledo%3A+An+Historic+and+Descriptive+Account+of+%22The+City+of+Generations%22&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=121-122&rft.pub=John+Lane+Company&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Calvert&rft.aufirst=Albert+Frederick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fcu31924096961028%2Fcu31924096961028_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cathedral_of_Toledo" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cathedral of Toledo">Cathedral of Toledo</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <dl><dt>In Spanish</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em"> <ul><li>Camón Aznar, José. Historia general del arte, Tomo XVIII, colección Summa Artis. La escultura y la rejería españolas del siglo XVI. Editorial Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid 1961.</li> <li>Camón Aznar, José; Morales y Marín, José Luis; Valdivieso, Enrique. Historia general del arte, Tomo XXVII, colección Summa Artis. Arte español del siglo XVIII. Editorial Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid 1984.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChueca_Goitia1975" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chueca Goitia, Fernando (1975), <i>La Catedral De Toledo</i> (in Spanish), Riga: Everest, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-241-4719-7" title="Special:BookSources/84-241-4719-7"><bdi>84-241-4719-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Catedral+De+Toledo&rft.place=Riga&rft.pub=Everest&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=84-241-4719-7&rft.aulast=Chueca+Goitia&rft.aufirst=Fernando&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnríquez_de_Salamanca1992" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Enríquez de Salamanca, Cayetano (1992), <i>Curiosidades De Toledo</i> (in Spanish), Madrid: El País /Aguilar, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-03-59167-5" title="Special:BookSources/84-03-59167-5"><bdi>84-03-59167-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Curiosidades+De+Toledo&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=El+Pa%C3%ADs+%2FAguilar&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=84-03-59167-5&rft.aulast=Enr%C3%ADquez+de+Salamanca&rft.aufirst=Cayetano&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Martí y Monsó, José. Estudios histórico-artísticos relativos principalmente a Valladolid. Basados en la investigación de diversos archivos. Primera edición 1892-1901. segunda edición facsímil, Valladolid 1992, Editorial Ámbito S.A. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-86770-74-2" title="Special:BookSources/84-86770-74-2">84-86770-74-2</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNavascués_PalacioSarthou_Carreres1997" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Navascués Palacio, Pedro; Sarthou Carreres, Carlos (1997), <i>Catedrales de Espana</i> (in Spanish), Madrid: Espasa Calpe, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-239-7645-9" title="Special:BookSources/84-239-7645-9"><bdi>84-239-7645-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catedrales+de+Espana&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=Espasa+Calpe&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=84-239-7645-9&rft.aulast=Navascu%C3%A9s+Palacio&rft.aufirst=Pedro&rft.au=Sarthou+Carreres%2C+Carlos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Nieto Siria, José Manuel. Iglesia y génesis del Estado Moderno en Castilla (1369–1480), Madrid, 1993.</li> <li>Pijoan, José. Historia general del arte, Tomo XI, colección Summa Artis. El arte gótico de la Europa occidental, siglos XIII, XIV y XV. Editorial Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid 1953.</li> <li>Polo Benito, José. El arte en España. Catedral de Toledo. Patronato Nacional de Turismo. Editorial H de J. Thomas, Barcelona.</li> <li>Riera Vidal. Un día en Toledo. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-400-5928-0" title="Special:BookSources/84-400-5928-0">84-400-5928-0</a>.</li> <li>Sánchez-Palencia, Almudena. Fundaciones del Arzobispo Tenorio: La capilla de San Blas en la Catedral de Toledo. Diputación de Toledo, 1985.</li> <li>Conferencia Episcopal Española. Celebración eucarística según el rito Hispano-mozárabe. Madrid, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-931476-5-6" title="Special:BookSources/84-931476-5-6">84-931476-5-6</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZarco_Moreno1991" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zarco Moreno, Zarco (1991), <i>Toledo</i> (in Spanish), León: Everest Pub, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-241-4396-5" title="Special:BookSources/84-241-4396-5"><bdi>84-241-4396-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Toledo&rft.place=Le%C3%B3n&rft.pub=Everest+Pub&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=84-241-4396-5&rft.aulast=Zarco+Moreno&rft.aufirst=Zarco&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToledo+Cathedral" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maravillasdeespana.blogspot.com.es/2016/01/la-catedral-de-toledo-el.html">Photos and history</a> in Maravillas ocultas de España</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Roman_Catholic_cathedrals_in_Spain" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cathedrals_in_Spain" title="Template:Cathedrals in Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cathedrals_in_Spain" title="Template talk:Cathedrals in Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cathedrals_in_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cathedrals in Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Roman_Catholic_cathedrals_in_Spain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cathedrals_in_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedrals in Spain">Roman Catholic cathedrals in Spain</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Barcelona" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Barcelona">Archdiocese of Barcelona</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barcelona_Cathedral" title="Barcelona Cathedral">Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_Feliu_de_Llobregat_Cathedral" title="Sant Feliu de Llobregat Cathedral">Sant Feliu de Llobregat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrassa_Cathedral" title="Terrassa Cathedral">Terrassa</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="14" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toledo_Cathedral,_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toledo Cathedral"><img alt="Toledo Cathedral" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg/103px-Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg" decoding="async" width="103" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg/155px-Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg/206px-Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3297" data-file-height="3099" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Burgos" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Burgos">Archdiocese of Burgos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burgos_Cathedral" title="Burgos Cathedral">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilbao_Cathedral" title="Bilbao Cathedral">Bilbao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgo_de_Osma_Cathedral" title="Burgo de Osma Cathedral">Osma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palencia_Cathedral" title="Palencia Cathedral">Palencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-Cathedral_of_San_Pedro,_Soria" title="Co-Cathedral of San Pedro, Soria">Soria</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Vitoria" title="Cathedral of Santa María de Vitoria">Vitoria (Old)</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Mar%C3%ADa_Inmaculada_of_Vitoria" title="Cathedral of María Inmaculada of Vitoria">Vitoria (New)</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Granada" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Granada">Archdiocese of Granada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almer%C3%ADa_Cathedral" title="Almería Cathedral">Almería</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baza_Cathedral" title="Baza Cathedral">Baza</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartagena_Cathedral" title="Cartagena Cathedral">Cartagena</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granada_Cathedral" title="Granada Cathedral">Granada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadix_Cathedral" title="Guadix Cathedral">Guadix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ja%C3%A9n_Cathedral" title="Jaén Cathedral">Jaén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1laga_Cathedral" title="Málaga Cathedral">Málaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murcia_Cathedral" title="Murcia Cathedral">Murcia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Madrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Madrid">Archdiocese of Madrid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares_Cathedral" title="Alcalá de Henares Cathedral">Alcalá de Henares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getafe_Cathedral" title="Getafe Cathedral">Getafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Isidore%27s_Collegiate_Church,_Madrid" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Isidore's Collegiate Church, Madrid">Madrid (Old)</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almudena_Cathedral" title="Almudena Cathedral">Madrid (New)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_M%C3%A9rida-Badajoz" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Mérida-Badajoz">Archdiocese of Mérida-Badajoz</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badajoz_Cathedral" title="Badajoz Cathedral">Badajoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coria_Cathedral" title="Coria Cathedral">Coria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1ceres_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Cáceres Cathedral">Cáceres</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-Cathedral_of_M%C3%A9rida,_Spain" title="Co-Cathedral of Mérida, Spain">Mérida</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Cathedral_of_Plasencia" title="Old Cathedral of Plasencia">Plasencia (Old)</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Cathedral_of_Plasencia" title="New Cathedral of Plasencia">Plasencia (New)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Oviedo" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Oviedo">Archdiocese of Oviedo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astorga_Cathedral" title="Astorga Cathedral">Astorga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n_Cathedral" title="León Cathedral">León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oviedo_Cathedral" title="Oviedo Cathedral">Oviedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santander_Cathedral" title="Santander Cathedral">Santander</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Pamplona" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Pamplona">Archdiocese of Pamplona</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calahorra_Cathedral" title="Calahorra Cathedral">Calahorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-Cathedral_of_Logro%C3%B1o" title="Co-Cathedral of Logroño">Logroño</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaca_Cathedral" title="Jaca Cathedral">Jaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamplona_Cathedral" title="Pamplona Cathedral">Pamplona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Domingo_de_la_Calzada_Cathedral" title="Santo Domingo de la Calzada Cathedral">Santo Domingo de la Calzada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Cathedral" title="San Sebastián Cathedral">San Sebastián</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudela_Cathedral" title="Tudela Cathedral">Tudela</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Santiago_de_Compostela" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela">Archdiocese of<br /> Santiago de Compostela</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferrol_Co-Cathedral" title="Ferrol Co-Cathedral">Ferrol</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugo_Cathedral" title="Lugo Cathedral">Lugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondo%C3%B1edo_Cathedral" title="Mondoñedo Cathedral">Mondoñedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ourense_Cathedral" title="Ourense Cathedral">Ourense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela_Cathedral" title="Santiago de Compostela Cathedral">Santiago de Compostela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tui_Cathedral" title="Tui Cathedral">Tui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-Cathedral_of_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa,_Vigo" title="Co-Cathedral of Santa María, Vigo">Vigo</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Sevilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Sevilla">Archdiocese of Seville</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz_Cathedral" title="Cádiz Cathedral">Cádiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuta_Cathedral" title="Ceuta Cathedral">Ceuta</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque%E2%80%93Cathedral_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba">Córdoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huelva_Cathedral" title="Huelva Cathedral">Huelva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerez_de_la_Frontera_Cathedral" title="Jerez de la Frontera Cathedral">Jerez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_Cathedral" title="Las Palmas Cathedral">Las Palmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Laguna_Cathedral" title="La Laguna Cathedral">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seville_Cathedral" title="Seville Cathedral">Seville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Tarragona" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Tarragona">Archdiocese of Tarragona</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Girona_Cathedral" title="Girona Cathedral">Girona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Seu_d%27Urgell_Cathedral" title="La Seu d'Urgell Cathedral">La Seu d'Urgell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Cathedral_of_Lleida" title="Old Cathedral of Lleida">Lleida (Old)</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Cathedral_of_Lleida" title="New Cathedral of Lleida">Lleida (New)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solsona_Cathedral" title="Solsona Cathedral">Solsona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarragona_Cathedral" title="Tarragona Cathedral">Tarragona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortosa_Cathedral" title="Tortosa Cathedral">Tortosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vic_Cathedral" title="Vic Cathedral">Vic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Toledo">Archdiocese of Toledo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albacete_Cathedral" title="Albacete Cathedral">Albacete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Real_Cathedral" title="Ciudad Real Cathedral">Ciudad Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuenca_Cathedral" title="Cuenca Cathedral">Cuenca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-Cathedral_of_Guadalajara,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-Cathedral of Guadalajara, Spain">Guadalajara</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sig%C3%BCenza_Cathedral" title="Sigüenza Cathedral">Sigüenza</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Toledo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Valencia_in_Spain" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Valencia in Spain">Archdiocese of Valencia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Co-Cathedral_of_St._Nicholas_of_Bari" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-Cathedral of St. Nicholas of Bari">Alicante</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castell%C3%B3_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Castelló Cathedral">Castellón de la Plana</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciutadella_de_Menorca_Cathedral" title="Ciutadella de Menorca Cathedral">Ciutadella de Menorca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibiza_Cathedral" title="Ibiza Cathedral">Ibiza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orihuela_Cathedral" title="Orihuela Cathedral">Orihuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palma_Cathedral" title="Palma Cathedral">Palma de Mallorca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segorbe_Cathedral" title="Segorbe Cathedral">Segorbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencia_Cathedral" title="Valencia Cathedral">Valencia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Valladolid" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Valladolid">Archdiocese of Valladolid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81vila_Cathedral" title="Ávila Cathedral">Ávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Rodrigo_Cathedral" title="Ciudad Rodrigo Cathedral">Ciudad Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="Old Cathedral of Salamanca">Salamanca (Old)</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Cathedral_of_Salamanca" title="New Cathedral of Salamanca">Salamanca (New)</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segovia_Cathedral" title="Segovia Cathedral">Segovia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valladolid_Cathedral" title="Valladolid Cathedral">Valladolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamora_Cathedral" title="Zamora Cathedral">Zamora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Zaragoza" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Zaragoza">Archdiocese of Zaragoza</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albarrac%C3%ADn_Cathedral" title="Albarracín Cathedral">Albarracín</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbastro_Cathedral" title="Barbastro Cathedral">Barbastro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monz%C3%B3n_Cathedral" title="Monzón Cathedral">Monzón</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huesca_Cathedral" title="Huesca Cathedral">Huesca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roda_de_Is%C3%A1bena_Cathedral" title="Roda de Isábena Cathedral">Roda de Isábena</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarazona_Cathedral" title="Tarazona Cathedral">Tarazona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teruel_Cathedral" title="Teruel Cathedral">Teruel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral-Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Pillar" title="Cathedral-Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar">Zaragoza (The Pillar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_the_Savior_of_Zaragoza" title="Cathedral of the Savior of Zaragoza">Zaragoza (The Savior)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> co-cathedral</li> <li><sup>2</sup> no longer used as cathedral</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Toledo_landmarks" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tourism_in_Toledo" title="Template:Tourism in Toledo"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tourism_in_Toledo" title="Template talk:Tourism in Toledo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tourism_in_Toledo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tourism in Toledo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Toledo_landmarks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a> <a href="/wiki/Landmark" title="Landmark">landmarks</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puerta_Bab_al-Mardum" title="Puerta Bab al-Mardum">Puerta Bab al-Mardum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerta_de_Alarcones" title="Puerta de Alarcones">Puerta de Alarcones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerta_de_Alc%C3%A1ntara" title="Puerta de Alcántara">Puerta de Alcántara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerta_de_Bisagra" title="Puerta de Bisagra">Puerta de Bisagra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerta_de_Bisagra_Nueva" title="Puerta de Bisagra Nueva">Puerta de Bisagra Nueva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerta_del_Cambr%C3%B3n" title="Puerta del Cambrón">Puerta del Cambrón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerta_de_los_Doce_Cantos" title="Puerta de los Doce Cantos">Puerta de los Doce Cantos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerta_del_Sol,_Toledo" title="Puerta del Sol, Toledo">Puerta del Sol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerta_del_Vado" title="Puerta del Vado">Puerta del Vado</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo skyline"><img alt="Toledo skyline" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/KM16ToledoA6.jpg/60px-KM16ToledoA6.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/KM16ToledoA6.jpg/90px-KM16ToledoA6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/KM16ToledoA6.jpg/120px-KM16ToledoA6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Logo"><img alt="World Heritage Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg/60px-World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg/90px-World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg/120px-World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_las_Agustinas_Calzadas,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Convento de las Agustinas Calzadas, Toledo">Agustinas Calzadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_las_Carmelitas_Descalzas_de_San_Jos%C3%A9,_Toledo" title="Convento de las Carmelitas Descalzas de San José, Toledo">Carmelitas Descalzas de San José</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_los_Carmelitas_Descalzos,_Toledo" title="Convento de los Carmelitas Descalzos, Toledo">Carmelitas Descalzos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermita_del_Cristo_de_la_Vega" title="Ermita del Cristo de la Vega">Cristo de la Vega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezquita-Iglesia_de_El_Salvador,_Toledo" title="Mezquita-Iglesia de El Salvador, Toledo">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_la_Magdalena,_Toledo" title="Iglesia de la Magdalena, Toledo">La Magdalena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_las_Concepcionistas,_Toledo" title="Convento de las Concepcionistas, Toledo">Las Concepcionistas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_San_Juan_de_los_Reyes" title="Monastery of San Juan de los Reyes">Monastery of San Juan de los Reyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Saint_Dominic_of_Silos_(the_Old)" title="Monastery of Saint Dominic of Silos (the Old)">Monastery of Santo Domingo el Antiguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Santo_Domingo_el_Real,_Toledo" title="Monastery of Santo Domingo el Real, Toledo">Monastery of Santo Domingo el Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Cristo_de_la_Luz" title="Mosque of Cristo de la Luz">Mosque of Cristo de la Luz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_las_Torner%C3%ADas" title="Mosque of las Tornerías">Mosque of las Tornerías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermita_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_la_Estrella,_Toledo" title="Ermita de Nuestra Señora de la Estrella, Toledo">Nuestra Señora de la Estrella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_la_Pur%C3%ADsima_Concepci%C3%B3n,_Toledo" title="Convento de la Purísima Concepción, Toledo">Purísima Concepción</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia de San Andrés, Toledo">San Andrés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_San_Antonio_de_Padua,_Toledo" title="Convento de San Antonio de Padua, Toledo">San Antonio de Padua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_San_Bartolom%C3%A9,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia de San Bartolomé, Toledo">San Bartolomé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Cipriano,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="San Cipriano, Toledo">San Cipriano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_San_Clemente,_Toledo" title="Convento de San Clemente, Toledo">San Clemente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oratorio_de_San_Felipe_de_Neri,_Toledo" title="Oratorio de San Felipe de Neri, Toledo">San Felipe de Neri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_San_Idelfonso,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia de San Idelfonso, Toledo">San Idelfonso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_San_Juan_de_la_Penitencia,_Toledo" title="Convento de San Juan de la Penitencia, Toledo">San Juan de la Penitencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_San_Lorenzo,_Toledo" title="Church of San Lorenzo, Toledo">San Lorenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_San_Lucas,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia de San Lucas, Toledo">San Lucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_San_Miguel_el_Alto,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia de San Miguel el Alto, Toledo">San Miguel el Alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_San_Pedro_M%C3%A1rtir,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Convento de San Pedro Mártir, Toledo">San Pedro Mártir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_San_Rom%C3%A1n,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia de San Román, Toledo">San Román</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="San Sebastián, Toledo">San Sebastián</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_Santa_Clara_la_Real,_Toledo" title="Convento de Santa Clara la Real, Toledo">Santa Clara la Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_Santa_F%C3%A9" title="Convento de Santa Fé">Santa Fé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_Santa_Isabel_de_los_Reyes,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Convento de Santa Isabel de los Reyes, Toledo">Santa Isabel de los Reyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Santa_Leocadia,_Toledo" title="Church of Santa Leocadia, Toledo">Santa Leocadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_las_Santas_Justa_y_Rufina,_Toledo" title="Iglesia de las Santas Justa y Rufina, Toledo">Santas Justa y Rufina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_Santa_%C3%9Arsula,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Convento de Santa Úrsula, Toledo">Santa Úrsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_Santiago_del_Arrabal,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia de Santiago del Arrabal, Toledo">Santiago del Arrabal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_los_Santos_Justo_y_Pastor,_Toledo" title="Iglesia de los Santos Justo y Pastor, Toledo">Santos Justo y Pastor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_Santo_Tom%C3%A9,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia de Santo Tomé, Toledo">Santo Tomé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_de_San_Vicente,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia de San Vicente, Toledo">San Vicente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue_of_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_la_Blanca" title="Synagogue of Santa María la Blanca">Synagogue of Santa María la Blanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue_of_El_Transito" class="mw-redirect" title="Synagogue of El Transito">Synagogue of El Transito</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Toledo Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_San_Crist%C3%B3bal" title="Tower of San Cristóbal">Tower of San Cristóbal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puente_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn_(Toledo)" title="Puente de San Martín (Toledo)">Puente de San Martín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puente_de_Alc%C3%A1ntara" title="Puente de Alcántara">Roman Puente de Alcántara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other sights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alc%C3%A1zar_of_Toledo" title="Alcázar of Toledo">Alcázar of Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alh%C3%B3ndiga_(Toledo)" title="Alhóndiga (Toledo)">Alhóndiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C3%B1os_del_%C3%81ngel" title="Baños del Ángel">Arab baths of Ángel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C3%B1os_del_Caballel" title="Baños del Caballel">Arab baths of Caballel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C3%B1os_del_Cenizal" title="Baños del Cenizal">Arab baths of Cenizal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C3%B1os_de_Tener%C3%ADas" title="Baños de Tenerías">Arab baths of Tenerías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop%27s_Palace_of_Toledo" title="Archbishop's Palace of Toledo">Archbishop's Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3tanos_del_Cardenal_Cisneros" class="mw-redirect" title="Sótanos del Cardenal Cisneros">Basements of Cardenal Cisneros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullring_of_Toledo" title="Bullring of Toledo">Bullring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_of_San_Servando" title="Castle of San Servando">Castle of San Servando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerro_del_Bu" title="Cerro del Bu">Cerro del Bu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cigarral" title="Cigarral">Cigarrales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colegio_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_los_Infantes,_Toledo" title="Colegio de Nuestra Señora de los Infantes, Toledo">Colegio de Nuestra Señora de los Infantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_San_Gil,_Toledo" title="Convento de San Gil, Toledo">Cortes of Castile-La Mancha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flour_factory_San_Jos%C3%A9" title="Flour factory San José">Flour factory San José</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Former_Casino_of_Toledo" title="Former Casino of Toledo">Former Casino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_del_Nuncio_Nuevo" title="Hospital del Nuncio Nuevo">Hospital del Nuncio Nuevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Infantry_Academy" title="Toledo Infantry Academy">Infantry Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salones_Isl%C3%A1micos_del_Colegio_de_Doncellas" title="Salones Islámicos del Colegio de Doncellas">Islamic Halls of Colegio de Doncellas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palacio_de_Fuensalida" title="Palacio de Fuensalida">Palacio de Fuensalida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palacio_de_Galiana,_Toledo" title="Palacio de Galiana, Toledo">Palacio de Galiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palacio_de_La_Cava" title="Palacio de La Cava">Palacio de La Cava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palacio_del_Marqu%C3%A9s_de_Malpica" title="Palacio del Marqués de Malpica">Palacio del Marqués de Malpica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Colegio_de_Doncellas_Nobles" title="Real Colegio de Doncellas Nobles">Real Colegio de Doncellas Nobles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_aqueducts_of_Toledo" title="Roman aqueducts of Toledo">Roman aqueducts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_baths_of_Toledo" title="Roman baths of Toledo">Roman baths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Hercules" title="Cave of Hercules">Roman Cave of Hercules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_circus_of_Toledo" title="Roman circus of Toledo">Roman circus of Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_remains_under_Alfonso_X_street" title="Roman remains under Alfonso X street">Roman remains under Alfonso X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_vaults_of_Nuncio_Viejo" title="Roman vaults of Nuncio Viejo">Roman vaults of Nuncio Viejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Arts_and_Crafts_of_Toledo" title="School of Arts and Crafts of Toledo">School of Arts and Crafts of Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_House,_Toledo" title="The Jewish House, Toledo">The Jewish House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Templar_House,_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="The Templar House, Toledo">The Templar House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_railway_station" title="Toledo railway station">Toledo railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozo_de_El_Salvador" title="Pozo de El Salvador">Well of El Salvador</a></li> <li>University of Castilla-La Mancha <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convento_de_la_Madre_de_Dios,_Toledo" title="Convento de la Madre de Dios, Toledo">Juridical and Social Sciences faculty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palacio_de_Lorenzana" title="Palacio de Lorenzana">Vice-Rectorate of Teaching and International Relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_walls_of_Toledo" title="City walls of Toledo">Walls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums and<br />performing arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palacio_de_Benacaz%C3%B3n" title="Palacio de Benacazón">Caja Castilla-La Mancha Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Greco_Museum,_Toledo" title="El Greco Museum, Toledo">El Greco Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_de_Tavera" title="Hospital de Tavera">Hospital de Tavera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Museum_of_Toledo" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Museum of Toledo">Army Museum of Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Santa_Cruz" title="Museum of Santa Cruz">Museum of Santa Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marcos,_Toledo" title="San Marcos, Toledo">San Marcos Arts Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardic Museum">Sephardic Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teatro_Rojas" title="Teatro Rojas">Teatro Rojas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taller_del_Moro" title="Taller del Moro">Workshop of the Moor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streets and squares</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_San_Justo,_Toledo" title="Plaza de San Justo, Toledo">Plaza de San Justo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_las_Cuatro_Calles,_Toledo" title="Plaza de las Cuatro Calles, Toledo">Plaza de las Cuatro Calles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_Zocodover,_Toledo" title="Plaza de Zocodover, Toledo">Plaza de Zocodover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Nueva,_Toledo" title="Plaza Nueva, Toledo">Plaza Nueva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_quarter_of_Toledo" title="Jewish quarter of Toledo">Jewish quarter of Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subterranean_Toledo" title="Subterranean Toledo">Subterranean Toledo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123180#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123180#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123180#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122880115">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/133791143">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4224926-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81035209">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16212558q">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16212558q">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35777352">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Catedral de Toledo"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20041217001&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX136790">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/16230">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007597074805171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058524115906706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structurae.net/structures/20016875">Structurae</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/182cc6e7-4386-4527-a39b-01123bda7fd8">MusicBrainz place</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/178444650">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&oldid=1256145886">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&oldid=1256145886</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_churches_completed_in_1493" title="Category:Roman Catholic churches completed in 1493">Roman Catholic churches completed in 1493</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:15th-century_Roman_Catholic_church_buildings_in_Spain" title="Category:15th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Spain">15th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Spain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_cathedrals_in_Castilla%E2%80%93La_Mancha" title="Category:Roman Catholic cathedrals in Castilla–La Mancha">Roman Catholic cathedrals in Castilla–La Mancha</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Church_buildings_with_domes" title="Category:Church buildings with domes">Church buildings with domes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_mosques_in_Spain" title="Category:Former mosques in Spain">Former mosques in Spain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Conversion_of_non-Christian_religious_buildings_and_structures_into_churches" title="Category:Conversion of non-Christian religious buildings and structures into churches">Conversion of non-Christian religious buildings and structures into churches</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_churches_in_Toledo,_Spain" title="Category:Roman Catholic churches in Toledo, Spain">Roman Catholic churches in Toledo, Spain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gothic_architecture_in_Castilla%E2%80%93La_Mancha" title="Category:Gothic architecture in Castilla–La Mancha">Gothic architecture in Castilla–La Mancha</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Burial_sites_of_the_House_of_Burgundy-Portugal" title="Category:Burial sites of the House of Burgundy-Portugal">Burial sites of the House of Burgundy-Portugal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Burial_sites_of_the_Castilian_House_of_Burgundy" title="Category:Burial sites of the Castilian House of Burgundy">Burial sites of the Castilian House of Burgundy</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_September_2024" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from September 2024">Articles with dead external links from September 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_July_2023" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from July 2023">Articles needing additional references from July 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Spanish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Spanish-language text">Articles containing Spanish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2009" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2009">Articles with unsourced statements from November 2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 November 2024, at 13:19<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toledo_Cathedral&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6d94db5ff4-jnn8h","wgBackendResponseTime":192,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.931","walltime":"1.338","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6655,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":151531,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":13126,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":107669,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1023.941 1 -total"," 35.44% 362.850 1 Template:Infobox_church"," 31.42% 321.758 1 Template:Infobox"," 20.01% 204.854 1 Template:Reflist"," 11.97% 122.526 2 Template:Langx"," 9.64% 98.716 1 Template:Cite_news"," 8.01% 82.066 2 Template:Navbox"," 7.27% 74.391 1 Template:Location_map"," 7.18% 73.550 1 Template:More_citations_needed"," 7.08% 72.529 1 Template:Cathedrals_in_Spain"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.566","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":20165316,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-cchmm","timestamp":"20241128200817","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Toledo Cathedral","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toledo_Cathedral","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1123180","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1123180","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-04-10T22:05:40Z","dateModified":"2024-11-08T13:19:04Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/01\/Toledo_Cathedral%2C_from_Plaza_del_Ayuntamiento.jpg","headline":"cathedral in Toledo. Spain"}</script> </body> </html>