CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913516e31c1087a8',cH: 'E4J0githr1sVIeLQSrHCtypAwcG1XBaUKqXgkwkoKSc-1739788093-1.2.1.1-nBdTIHXw_28o6mR72ozh1XlyrHDVgQGirXF6t9FN0W4zdOTQ7nBHbClo28pA6JRn',cUPMDTk: "\/4343\/bibtex?__cf_chl_tk=IPHeCLdY4jv6ejVhkckHbUpbS983L52eyCuPrGE8uaY-1739788093-1.0.1.1-dIR0i3_ya0sVPNLvM2fRyLh39_zieQQZGJD0T0znxyc",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739788093',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/4343\/bibtex?__cf_chl_f_tk=IPHeCLdY4jv6ejVhkckHbUpbS983L52eyCuPrGE8uaY-1739788093-1.0.1.1-dIR0i3_ya0sVPNLvM2fRyLh39_zieQQZGJD0T0znxyc",md: "hR_pXVcimb0XZWVLpe_LSKwdNaa7GuahGRrm.PEGM48-1739788093-1.2.1.1-_id4FrEV_XJGz491X1Jc5Y4X.2CdaIvq.T5A4cNRM4.6EEeE_PhILFp2gY3yfUP7VRom931xhhdn2QdXszMbRSl1IUWwZDqKJbb1_RkF8.d82QxY24otVSU2kdEcP8degoSmYyWDhPFifF06mwjW22CXxt_r9p1MIe3JpKkasEg7a39qXmTRuia8o.wCtOpuqL42cpKAaWXl9nid_CLi3gO.C7769szpJbFteYTrrD8eLANS2MHRPML5eN9dtqr1wK78IkMJDPWdAD0TmQI_n9XUZZCmi60X7_ruRB_r5u7sdZBl68z8MvJTs8KYlT_Nc1EKbClAoKsCvRWvHUAHsHyK5SOEXObG8SHQgD.kckt2R2NLANvBZxSfTqQGK158XH3ia3T9CtpvGINxDeRAA3MplhQX6mGKRqYYu1w04IhB31kjq9c7i_bfuU6i9oVqqCo3XpYH_2nyF85whcSUoB8nJ_33ubXegBbSPcwUtf_w94wajdSZVsBfpob.CelyWN3OkbN6ujSO0WCRc3yk131QYDoz7gOvoNBObS6Aak.OMnny6O2Pb._b2JeEwzUhkeP8i5fhJYwGudAY6zBLuNyve6_oczB_wyaY64AUk1rqngBZuvl.Bo037gnOgx0la3pFy8eBwkDVCBV1IWXzNfBm_jQZNsGXmt2LZ8Z5mWC1lXBEcGLnbKf3vSxZkZcxvZNebjczOLXx0eueQ37dQq7ZmS.pLuSo63uAhVc0pGsO2iwicshwGZZ20cBp7ELN0wNhA11Z7L3J3h6dmYUC5MEkgJ_j9wRn3DUYQZh09F_7tjbL2pktcjvUdYGMPs6iFznuhMVi0kxF4tUWkr5xcZBk3m_W9Nm0SSNSNuLDKVcN1zRbQEn0x.tO1UCYtZKF2Bek1awOnHs.eNGYdPhAv77eHGu.BYHATs152tMJm.7c58pN36rXrZ5XYp15ANbfEaO9vs8I.iBlcp3NZkIAW2tK83zd_pHV_H1NpMJuB3GUyNUR.KQ06it5eSMDcT6VrsQfeZ4IyVzC_vKf1x9qN7Ff6YnYmzywJqUYeHBeMnZWGalJTG3xjz.2VNhvggkFRZ1gHuxwrCzknKhNKPIEFG1_A0HV0_NHv58GbEsywW9NyFoZDAlQY32Tt2Rw7wHS9rFg3Mc5R62TcbCShh4fhOvYXRekSzC4qPwL0tWp9689azOOH.M_OCVn_zLEV00vftnk18fu3n2pmTyvzJR8KobCsmpjAomUBpQdbnK2SgOYkoike0eBh3GZbXvc6ofY8WmjvhbZ.JXpA7MKmqvsOu_MlrtyLWhUVpRWARMV0US31.K_0lL5Z2YLdJvcguEYbJ9owytmHB8l5gWzoK8WnOG7SOCuA6PE..tTKhivRbnnZezAE6YZmbBT4mDs_rLyAQFSLjMzXlTzEJAJRoNix0iFy2ZrJW5T.EotOjDrMEIrOXxhV11rtzEpF9tAvham4_YpiHT.pS3VzWqASP1nI0aLBJVatqdml32PqjQkeew1U9.bmHPLa_bS44TTaiT.QaRzvo8abT4eDxWc.Pe2Lq2gseyYT1X3pErkAafYM1J5Ffim9o6vkcO7c5Rhk0zXyOia00Qz2VlSZze5wGSDn1Pt1HDDDgkV8gdemToc9LaeVsO722uFUo7TWmBkzU82hxaGLzvQ1w0lCmu6c1Oe.x8BeS3HrLkc3qIDvHSN8PfgvY9BvCkPquzJXpm573ZDfBOolGeZglMVjHZrRIaInV3P9wiaDxTx7pr9kuu7_lOoC6HpIE8G5Pl_HRr3fifBvEuW5asxjJT6yZoUshlHR2Ph9XpCt.0HRyroNNQZAXTjvKib2no88djkikoDMnXrAvlK2iU5x7PHqxa3NaukUphU3uDLt3krAS80VF8mBE8",mdrd: "1PYM0Ee0.c96s2QpDLJ6u1eqds0HIiTigdDKJ5o3gU8-1739788093-1.2.1.1-hkMonCZH2PTg0vPxmhwRpZ26sQfKdt5bbkmMQ5n_dG4j4ZltGNL7YExd6N8CX2hpjSj78aws2DBOFyIb9k7g8zDuAYxluSbw1NRy9cqebCX1DpN7OGzuqaI33LkXRAgCJAXRh0_3WLBl4OU.6f.d5MUw.xYvR1bz7p3WnYHmwXxkZzMNQk6Swcqu35JapYBgt4hem01Vu4OAFUAwxprFUykqncybyO9s0JiXOVpNDJyqvxdkdS36OPlDaPIvlr7pU64wCGtk4f1IC.3aEwxVAw76ibeBYcTQotgwVg6KGTK3tHvG8AIHjnLwENdFknsh_zF.QDEmWHMFSNbEh6SELNU0sJEO0DN4tfan9FV54DEzZnVn_1gDddKm9cmKX1RDJfmXPtDcwjI3n.dvP7kTsVWPTI9cLUs0nabmxMEoxFehLk7DrVNccMKXJNHFILvzGzbiBMxQJmHG2XflJ0H0XghmQNY9WGeCB_kqqQRxK8XZo14zrZwIDJARpG1.d2Z2wmI8hLAffxvuVjTskzlhtxtPkui2Z46dqPrpSai8BJcg9.Say3MhXKJist5r8JMvdtcQNzDRBxVXR0FR0qG2_1PfRNSCHXuzoaen8r7PlSxApbZMw9Pa.tTqvKGiBRibGqi2xf1mz6itqyXrWqjQ.nNr6wrXJeR0Jdy_HY.WBOLkwsKtEyAA0Ja9EmFJQmcMXcbZ9iwfdhHMkMuUEfffXgJN6cYxVzo7_7zuUBnhJzz49Wln4KKmw4UqrCJsDoHV93Dke0Wj12k2BL0IOXwlJA8waR2GR8XHKX_8X5XY6w0PPOTuXb_NykLpeV3iHdOkXB5_rakUwhmMALxhaxU_bXYVMi8yrfkgk1fu.B45auZ.Ij9RJNSmfAfsceXFHEZb.EWl.i5MHoec369h9DjDMuIPJPuOunocdEcYJ9YufOOvAijhLncv2TysThHtuf7wWsg7KM7tlFJyiocV6.tShWDr5qsj2Mu8u84eNm2LksU0nUpDWRx6dbZF2__bnIUbAb8QcOlAW.fe.M4DMwSIhNo7wmbTWp9sgLa.c.ElJWEdHiF63E197PtAX6_SDp13kq.uMGeOj5Vp1XC65q7.7s9WS95yJ1ZKqsAoY6BOOwDBzjUzMwm7SUIuoONlczCaasUFN2ceVhMJ4s3in6aENr7qqu9pGhLn0wIe0Amywd16_hGhBDiF_n3Py4ZUgLwjkk31jomDuUUzopaM9kqd0Gt5NNtXo8dhriFIv6z1XL1cTx25zyjZDCu.28tU9SjSbGvBg52OkP_uwmzpkgxptPI5qZ_4l9StOaAzaRaCT7NIu0hxHKaT7NWdo3QTvqY_acLhmjhDEe1kDCJE6R..ipMhtuohf3D5dgHGP2nLCr9IL0zKc4YmQxVJ0R7P22HDVtMGBVNop1OnCeuQx8bSD7dlzIQRlidwOrxHnvcnHo9YGbsjQWQBUxrUrQWlZNNbzjOMvP2HG7m00jAFi6SkU0htQwquh2k.3jRMnbKdQL02JT5Kl_cvCHGsnskybr6bdypgLqIhWDOGeDC3Wugc3bK3V0kAvZMngnzwzR2UIoMBG1kFpPckP8N0QLY22cY5qOlNMc9edw5G31S5tQ97aBebJM.d7bcd5iJFN4tbne912ehnIQHsDIzghJzeap15cK2aKkJB1iQK1WVbj17PUM8_7uLzdaZf2bZGcubaQIfAfUh2_4n.lvH8jlyr8KI2uOmc58x.PQ_4MCzojGjHYQa6mCSaiYx1JfBG9iOOuZC.FZBcDRLDXkLiO3eIZE_HfzpY9euG1MAPpLkc9aH.F9.tQC524UEkMipSvH9yO2kNCQv5RjNLOhdj_fRc4G3.GoxSctgudtxYJL.FYci6wNw1lo3wYkwBd2e71CJWCUZVZMC9Tr6u2RLsNxUhHwOBFlVRbAEcYide2BL8eWnWHJdvK1sNbNudz5VPx_CAyV1SbqU6GWHrOVecg84ScRBX"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913516e31c1087a8';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/4343\/bibtex?__cf_chl_rt_tk=IPHeCLdY4jv6ejVhkckHbUpbS983L52eyCuPrGE8uaY-1739788093-1.0.1.1-dIR0i3_ya0sVPNLvM2fRyLh39_zieQQZGJD0T0znxyc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>