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Danevirke - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Archaeological record</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeological_record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Size" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Size"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Size</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Size-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stages_in_the_building_of_the_Danevirke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stages_in_the_building_of_the_Danevirke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Stages in the building of the Danevirke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stages_in_the_building_of_the_Danevirke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_and_Second_Schleswig_Wars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_Schleswig_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Second Schleswig War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_Schleswig_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Danevirke</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Даневірке – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Даневірке" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dannevirke" title="Dannevirke – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dannevirke" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danewerk" title="Danewerk – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Danewerk" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="دانویرک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانویرک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danavirki" title="Danavirki – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Danavirki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%94" title="דנווירגה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דנווירגה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%94" title="დანევირკე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დანევირკე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Даневирке – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Даневирке" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%83" title="دانيفيرك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دانيفيرك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Даневирке – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Даневирке" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Даневірке – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Даневірке" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Danevirke" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Danevirke&amp;params=54_28_N_9_27_E_region:DE-SH_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">54°28′N</span> <span class="longitude">9°27′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.467°N 9.450°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">54.467; 9.450</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">System of Danish fortifications in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Dannevirke_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dannevirke (disambiguation)">Dannevirke (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Danevirke</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="label">Schleswig-Holstein </span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Karte_Danewerk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Karte_Danewerk.jpg/250px-Karte_Danewerk.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Karte_Danewerk.jpg/375px-Karte_Danewerk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Karte_Danewerk.jpg/500px-Karte_Danewerk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1015" data-file-height="816" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Danevirke: construction phases</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Germany_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Danevirke is located in Germany"><img alt="Danevirke is located in Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/375px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1073" data-file-height="1272" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:8.013%;left:39.5%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Danevirke"><img alt="Danevirke" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/10px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/15px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/20px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div>Danevirke</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Germany</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Germany_Schleswig-Holstein_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Danevirke is located in Schleswig-Holstein"><img alt="Danevirke is located in Schleswig-Holstein" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Germany_Schleswig-Holstein_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Germany_Schleswig-Holstein_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Germany_Schleswig-Holstein_adm_location_map.svg/375px-Germany_Schleswig-Holstein_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Germany_Schleswig-Holstein_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Germany_Schleswig-Holstein_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="966" data-file-height="773" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:35.167%;left:45.833%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Danevirke"><img alt="Danevirke" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/10px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/15px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/20px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:6px"><div>Danevirke</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Schleswig-Holstein</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Danevirke&amp;params=54_28_N_9_27_E_region:DE-SH_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">54°28′N</span> <span class="longitude">9°27′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.467°N 9.450°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">54.467; 9.450</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Walls, ramparts, trenches</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">3.6–6.0 m</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Site information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Controlled&#160;by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Danes" title="Danes">Danes</a> (historically the <a href="/wiki/Danes_(tribe)" title="Danes (tribe)">Germanic tribe</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Open&#160;to<br />the&#160;public</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Condition</th><td class="infobox-data">Ruin</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Site history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Built</th><td class="infobox-data">Before 500 AD. <br />Multiple later expansions.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Built&#160;by</th><td class="infobox-data">Unknown initiator. <br />Expanded by King Gudfred, Harald Bluetooth, Canute IV, Valdemar I and others.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">In&#160;use</th><td class="infobox-data">974,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 1848, 1864.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Materials</th><td class="infobox-data">Earth, timber, stone, bricks</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151960987">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Danewerk_Krummwall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Danewerk_Krummwall.jpg/220px-Danewerk_Krummwall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Danewerk_Krummwall.jpg/330px-Danewerk_Krummwall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Danewerk_Krummwall.jpg/440px-Danewerk_Krummwall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="477" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Wall</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="border:4px solid #0177D3; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Sites_by_country" title="World Heritage Sites by country">Location</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Schleswig,_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data">Archaeological Border Complex of <a href="/wiki/Hedeby" title="Hedeby">Hedeby</a> and the Danevirke</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site#Selection_criteria" title="World Heritage Site">Criteria</a></th><td class="infobox-data category">Cultural:&#160;(iii), (iv)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Reference</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1553">1553</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.3em;">Inscription</th><td class="infobox-data">2018 (42nd <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Committee" title="World Heritage Committee">Session</a>)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Danevirke</b> or <b>Danework</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (modern <a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a> spelling: <i>Dannevirke</i>; in <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Norse language">Old Norse</a>: <i>Danavirki</i>, in <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i>Danewerk</i>, literally meaning <i><a href="/wiki/Earthworks_(archaeology)" title="Earthworks (archaeology)">earthwork</a> of the Danes</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>) is a system of <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Danish</a> fortifications in <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a>, Germany. This historically important linear defensive earthwork across the neck of the <a href="/wiki/Jutland" title="Jutland">Cimbrian peninsula</a> was initiated by the <a href="/wiki/Danes_(Germanic_tribe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Danes (Germanic tribe)">Danes</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age_Scandinavia" title="Iron Age Scandinavia">Nordic Iron Age</a> about AD 650. It was later expanded multiple times during Denmark's <a href="/wiki/Viking_Age" title="Viking Age">Viking Age</a> and <a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a>. The Danevirke was last used for military purposes in 1864 during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Schleswig_War" title="Second Schleswig War">Second War of Schleswig</a>. </p><p>The Danevirke consists of several walls, trenches and the Schlei Barrier. The walls stretch for 30&#160;km, from the former Viking trade centre of <a href="/wiki/Hedeby" title="Hedeby">Hedeby</a> near <a href="/wiki/Schleswig,_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a> coast in the east to the extensive marshlands in the west of the peninsula. One of the walls (named <i>Østervolden</i>), between the <a href="/wiki/Schlei" title="Schlei">Schlei</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eckernf%C3%B6rde" title="Eckernförde">Eckernförde</a> inlets, defended the <a href="/wiki/Schwansen" title="Schwansen">Schwansen</a> peninsula. </p><p>According to written sources, work on the Danevirke was started by the Danish King <a href="/wiki/Gudfred" title="Gudfred">Gudfred</a> in 808. Fearing an invasion by the <a href="/wiki/Carolingian_Empire" title="Carolingian Empire">Franks</a>, who had conquered heathen <a href="/wiki/Frisia" title="Frisia">Frisia</a> over the previous 100 years and <a href="/wiki/Old_Saxony" title="Old Saxony">Old Saxony</a> in 772 to 804, Godfred began work on an enormous structure to defend his realm, separating the <a href="/wiki/Jutland" title="Jutland">Jutland</a> <a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">peninsula</a> from the northern extent of the Frankish empire. However, the Danes were also in conflict with the <a href="/wiki/Saxons" title="Saxons">Saxons</a> south of Hedeby during the Nordic Iron Age, and recent archaeological excavations have revealed that the Danevirke was initiated much earlier than King Gudfred's reign, at least as far back as 500 AD and probably well before that.<sup id="cite_ref-museum_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museum-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Because of its historical importance and testimony to the defense of trade routes in the Viking Age, the Danevirke and the nearby Viking town of <a href="/wiki/Hedeby" title="Hedeby">Hedeby</a> were inscribed on the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_List" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage List">World Heritage List</a> in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-unesco_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unesco-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbolism">Symbolism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Symbolism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thyra_Danebod.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Thyra_Danebod.gif/220px-Thyra_Danebod.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Thyra_Danebod.gif/330px-Thyra_Danebod.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Thyra_Danebod.gif/440px-Thyra_Danebod.gif 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="495" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich" title="Lorenz Frølich">Lorenz Frølich</a>'s impression of <a href="/wiki/Thyra" title="Thyra">Thyra Dannebod</a> ordering the foundation of the Danevirke.</figcaption></figure> <p>Legend has it that Queen <a href="/wiki/Thyra" title="Thyra">Thyra</a> ordered the Danevirke to be built. She was the wife of the first historically recognized king of Denmark, <a href="/wiki/Gorm_the_Old" title="Gorm the Old">Gorm the Old</a> (reign c. 936 – c. 958). </p><p>With the emergence of <a href="/wiki/National_state" class="mw-redirect" title="National state">national states</a> in Europe during the 19th Century, the Danevirke became a powerful symbol for Denmark and for the idea of a unique <a href="/wiki/Danes" title="Danes">Danish people</a> and <a href="/wiki/Danish_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Danish culture">Danish culture</a>. Throughout the nineteenth century, Denmark and Germany struggled politically and militarily for possession of the territory variously known as <i>Sønderjylland</i> or <i>Slesvig</i> by the Danes and <i>Schleswig</i> by the Germans. Two wars were fought, the <a href="/wiki/First_Schleswig_War" title="First Schleswig War">First Schleswig War</a> (1848–1851) and the <a href="/wiki/Second_Schleswig_War" title="Second Schleswig War">Second Schleswig War</a> (1864), eventually resulting in a Danish defeat and subsequent German annexation. In this hostile context, the Danevirke played an important role, at first as a mental cultural barrier against Germany, but soon also as a concrete military fortification, when it was strengthened with cannon emplacements and entrenchments in 1850 and again in 1861.<sup id="cite_ref-Dannevirke_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dannevirke-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 19th Century <i>Dannevirke</i> was adopted as the title of several Danish nationalist journals dealing specifically with the question of Danish autonomy vis-à-vis Germany, the most notable of these being published by <a href="/wiki/N._F._S._Grundtvig" title="N. F. S. Grundtvig">N. F. S. Grundtvig</a> in 1816–19. In earlier times, the Danevirke had indeed defined a cultural and <a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">linguistic</a> border between Danish and German <a href="/wiki/Fiefdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiefdom">fiefdoms</a>, but the cultural and linguistic frontiers had gradually moved north, and by the 19th century territory as far north as <a href="/wiki/Flensburg" title="Flensburg">Flensburg</a> was predominantly German-speaking, but remained part of Denmark.<sup id="cite_ref-Dannevirke_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dannevirke-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeological_record">Archaeological record</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Archaeological record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaeological excavations in 1969–1975 established, with the help of <a href="/wiki/Dendrochronology" title="Dendrochronology">dendrochronology</a>, that the main structure of the Danevirke had been built in three phases between AD&#160;737 and 968. It is, therefore, contemporary with <a href="/wiki/Offa%27s_Dyke" title="Offa&#39;s Dyke">Offa's Dyke</a> on the border between <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> and <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, another great defensive structure of the late 8th century. </p><p>New <a href="/wiki/Carbon-14_dating" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon-14 dating">carbon-14 dating</a> in 2013 has revealed that the second stage started around 500 AD, and the oldest fortifications are even older than that.<sup id="cite_ref-museum_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museum-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Previous carbon-14 dating had dated some of the early constructions to the second half of the 7th century, and <a href="/wiki/Dendrochronology" title="Dendrochronology">dendrochronology</a> also suggests that the examined constructions began not very long after 737, about 70 years before the reign of king <a href="/wiki/Gudfred" title="Gudfred">Gudfred</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gyldendal_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gyldendal-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Size">Size</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Size"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_danavirki.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Map_danavirki.JPG/170px-Map_danavirki.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Map_danavirki.JPG/255px-Map_danavirki.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Map_danavirki.JPG/340px-Map_danavirki.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The Danevirke (shown in red) on the 16th century <i><a href="/wiki/Carta_Marina" class="mw-redirect" title="Carta Marina">Carta Marina</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Olaus_Magnus" title="Olaus Magnus">Olaus Magnus</a>, published in 1539.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Danevirke is about 30 kilometres (19&#160;mi) long overall, with a height varying between 3.6 and 6 metres (12 and 20&#160;ft). During the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, the structure was reinforced with <a href="/wiki/Palisade" title="Palisade">palisades</a> and masonry walls, and was used by Danish kings as a gathering point for Danish military excursions, including a series of <a href="/wiki/Northern_Crusades" title="Northern Crusades">crusader</a> raids against the <a href="/wiki/Slavic_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic peoples">Slavs</a> of the south Baltic. In particular, the 12th-century King <a href="/wiki/Valdemar_I_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar I of Denmark">Valdemar the Great</a> reinforced parts of the Danevirke with a brick wall, which enabled a continued military use of this strategically important structure. The reinforced parts of the structure are consequently known in Danish as <i>Valdemarsmuren</i> (lit: Valdemar's wall).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stages_in_the_building_of_the_Danevirke">Stages in the building of the Danevirke</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Stages in the building of the Danevirke"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dannevirke.english.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Dannevirke.english.png/240px-Dannevirke.english.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Dannevirke.english.png/360px-Dannevirke.english.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Dannevirke.english.png/480px-Dannevirke.english.png 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Map showing Danevirke/Danewerk and the <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A6rvejen" title="Hærvejen">Hærvejen/Ochsenweg</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eider_Treene2.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Eider_Treene2.gif/220px-Eider_Treene2.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Eider_Treene2.gif/330px-Eider_Treene2.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Eider_Treene2.gif/440px-Eider_Treene2.gif 2x" data-file-width="1244" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Map of the rivers <a href="/wiki/Eider_(river)" title="Eider (river)">Eider</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treene_(river)" title="Treene (river)">Treene</a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Rheider_Au" title="Rheider Au">Rheider Au</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Schlei" title="Schlei">Schlei bay</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Danevirke 1</b> – Hovedvolden ("the main <a href="/wiki/Defensive_wall" title="Defensive wall">rampart</a>"), Nordvolden ("the north rampart"), Østervolden ("the east rampart")<br />The first Danevirke was built in five stages, starting about 650, according to <a href="/wiki/Carbon-14_dating" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon-14 dating">carbon-14 dating</a>. The first three stages were simple ramparts of soil, and the fourth stage was a palisade rampart with heavy timber front, built in 737. In the final stages the timber palisade was reinforced with a heavy stone wall around the timber.<sup id="cite_ref-Gyldendal_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gyldendal-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Work is said to have been started by <a href="/wiki/Ongendus" title="Ongendus">Angantyr</a>, and continued by <a href="/wiki/Sigfred" title="Sigfred">Siegfried</a>, and ended by <a href="/wiki/Gudfred" title="Gudfred">Guðfrið</a> according to annales in 808. <ul><li>Hovedvolden: From <a href="/wiki/Rheider_Au" title="Rheider Au">Rejde Å</a> (now called Rheider&#160;Au) to a small lake called Dannevirke&#160;Sø. It was the main segment of the Danevirke. About 2&#160;m high and 12&#160;m wide.</li> <li>Nordvolden: From the northeastern side of Dannevirke Sø, and further north about 7&#160;km.</li> <li>Østervolden: About 3.3&#160;km long, and protecting <a href="/wiki/Schwansen" title="Schwansen">Schwansen</a>.</li> <li>A 900 m long submerged construction in <a href="/wiki/Slien" class="mw-redirect" title="Slien">Slien</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><b>Danevirke 2</b> – Kovirke ("cow-work")/Kograben ("cow-moat" or "district moat")<br />Built either by Guðfrið or by <a href="/wiki/Harald_Bluetooth" title="Harald Bluetooth">Harald Bluetooth</a> (if it is the work mentioned as newly made in the <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Frankish</a> royal annals in 808, then Harald did not build it) it stretched from the Rheide&#160;Å about 7&#160;km to a southern extension of the <a href="/wiki/Schlei" title="Schlei">Schlei</a> bay which is now a lake called Selker Noor. Its palisade was about 3&#160;m high, and was a little more solid than that on the first ramparts. The bank of earth behind the palisade was about 2&#160;m high and 7&#160;m wide. It had a V-shaped <a href="/wiki/Moat" title="Moat">moat</a>, 4&#160;m wide and 3&#160;m deep.<br />The construction period of this rampart would have been some time between 770 and 970.<sup id="cite_ref-Gyldendal_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gyldendal-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Danevirke 3</b> – Hovedvolden/Hauptwall/"main rampart", Krumvolden/Krummwall/"curved rampart", Buevolden/Bogenwall/"bow rampart"), Dobbeltvolden/Doppelwall/"double rampart", Forbindelsesvolden ("the connecting rampart")/Margarethenwall ("Margret's rampart")<br />Hovedvolden was expanded, so that it was now about 5&#160;m high and about 20&#160;m wide. Krumvolden was built through the Rheide&#160;Å, and overlapped with Hovedvolden. Forbindelsesvolden closed a gap between Halvkredsvolden ("the semicircle rampart", a bank that protected <a href="/wiki/Hedeby" title="Hedeby">Hedeby</a>) and Hovedvolden near Dannevirke&#160;Sø. Buevolden and Dobbeltvolden protected an important road junction. This wall is connected to most of the building work is attributed to <a href="/wiki/Harald_Bluetooth" title="Harald Bluetooth">Harald Bluetooth</a>. <a href="/wiki/Arild_Hvitfeldt" class="mw-redirect" title="Arild Hvitfeldt">Arild Hvitfeldt</a>'s <i>Danmarks Riges Krønike</i> adds a little detail to the extension of the Danevirke in that time period. "Then summoned (Queen) <a href="/wiki/Thyra" title="Thyra">Thyra</a> (wife of <a href="/wiki/Gorm_the_Old" title="Gorm the Old">Gorm the Old</a>) Danes from all the kingdom's regions to meet at the border and under her supervision they built a wall of earth and timber from Slien over the moors to Trene. The Scanians received the western section from Karlegat to Trene. Zealanders and Funen dwellers received the section east from Slien (Schlei bay) to Karlegat. Jutlanders provided provisions to the whole army." This would place Thyra's extension sometime before 940. Forbindelsesvolden was attacked by the <a href="/wiki/Saxons" title="Saxons">Saxons</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ottonian_dynasty" title="Ottonian dynasty">Ottonian dynasty</a> in 974.</li> <li><b>Danevirke 4</b> – Hovedvolden/Hauptwall/"main rampart".<br />Reinforcement on the Main Wall finished in 954, and a new Forbindelsevold build from 964 to 968. <a href="/wiki/Harald_Bluetooth" title="Harald Bluetooth">Harald Bluetooth</a> is thought to be the main constructor.<sup id="cite_ref-Gyldendal_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gyldendal-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Danevirke 5</b> – Forbindelsesvolden, Krumvolden, and Hovedvolden<br />Under <a href="/wiki/Canute_IV_of_Denmark" title="Canute IV of Denmark">Canute IV of Denmark</a> (1080–86) Denmark was at war with the German empire. The Danevirke was strengthened at the beginning of the 12th century: the moats were deepened and the ramparts were made higher. A granite boulder palisade wall was built on a part of Hovedvolden.</li> <li><b>Danevirke 6</b> – Hovedvolden and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thyraborg&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thyraborg (page does not exist)">Thyraborg</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Valdemar_I_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar I of Denmark">Valdemar I</a> fortified the rest of Hovedvolden with the famous "Valdemar-wall", a 7-m high wall of stones in mortar on a granite boulder base, propped up with buttresses and covered with tiles. This was a large reinforcement, and doubtless deterred many who tried to send an army northwards through <a href="/wiki/Jutland" title="Jutland">Jutland</a>. It was the last true reinforcement of the ramparts. Later Thyraborg castle was built.</li></ul> <p>The Danevirke began to lose its purpose in the 14th century, owing both to the expense of manning it and to the development of <a href="/wiki/Ballista" title="Ballista">ballistas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trebuchet" title="Trebuchet">trebuchets</a>, and similar siege engines. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_and_Second_Schleswig_Wars">First and Second Schleswig Wars</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: First and Second Schleswig Wars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_Schleswig_War">First Schleswig War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: First Schleswig War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/First_Schleswig_War" title="First Schleswig War">First Schleswig War</a> commenced on 31 March 1848 but Prussia did not become involved until a naval incident on 19 April. Therefore, on 23 April, General <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Graf_von_Wrangel" title="Friedrich Graf von Wrangel">Friedrich von Wrangel</a> marched his 12,000 <a href="/wiki/Prussian_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Prussian army">Prussian troops</a> upon weak Danish resistance at the Danevirke entrenchment and, after a short engagement near the town of <a href="/wiki/Dannewerk" title="Dannewerk">Dannewerk</a>, drove the Danish army into retreat and seized the city of <a href="/wiki/Schleswig" class="mw-redirect" title="Schleswig">Schleswig</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> An armistice signed on 2 August 1848 caused the Prussians to evacuate Schleswig-Holstein but did not end the war. Further engagements in the next two years saw fighting in the vicinity of the Danevirke but not directly involving it. Final peace was signed on 8 May 1852. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_Schleswig_War">Second Schleswig War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Second Schleswig War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Evacuation_of_Danevirke" title="Evacuation of Danevirke">Evacuation of Danevirke</a></div> <p>The last military use of the Danevirke was during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Schleswig_War" title="Second Schleswig War">Second Schleswig War</a> in 1864. Due especially to the above-mentioned emotive nationalist symbolism, public opinion in Denmark and the Danish military had expected the coming battle to take place along the Danevirke. After centuries of abandonment and decay, the Danevirke fortifications were partially restored, strengthened, and equipped with <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> installations in 1850 and 1861. In the Second War of Schleswig, there was some early <a href="/wiki/Skirmish" class="mw-redirect" title="Skirmish">skirmishing</a> to the south of the Danevirke, but no battle took place at it, as the Danish Commander in Chief, <a href="/wiki/Christian_Julius_De_Meza" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Julius De Meza">General de Meza</a>, withdrew all soldiers to the trenches at <a href="/wiki/Dybb%C3%B8l" title="Dybbøl">Dybbøl</a>, owing to an unexpected threat of being outflanked, as the Schlei and the <a href="/wiki/Wetland" title="Wetland">wetlands</a> between the Danevirke and <a href="/wiki/Husum" title="Husum">Husum</a> had frozen solid in a hard winter and could be crossed easily, and the territory immediately south of the Danevirke had been conquered by the advancing German army. This retreat came as a surprise to the Austro-Prussian army, and almost all of the Danish army succeeded in completing the evacuation. It resulted, however, in the abandonment of important pieces of heavy artillery, and it remains a matter of historical debate why the railway to <a href="/wiki/Flensburg" title="Flensburg">Flensburg</a> was never properly used for the evacuation. News of the retreat came as a great shock to Danish public opinion which had considered the Danevirke to be impregnable, and General de&#160;Meza was promptly relieved of his command. The Danevirke has remained in German possession ever since.<sup id="cite_ref-Dannevirke_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dannevirke-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_World_War_II">In World War II</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: In World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the Allied invasion of <a href="/wiki/Normandy" title="Normandy">Normandy</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a> feared that a second Allied invasion might take place through Denmark, and contemplated converting the earthen wall into an anti-tank trench to counter this threat. Had the proposal been implemented, it would have destroyed the structure. </p><p>Hearing of the plans, Danish archaeologist <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B8ren_Telling&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Søren Telling (page does not exist)">Søren Telling</a> – aware that all archaeological investigation was under the ultimate jurisdiction of <a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">SS</a> chief <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Heinrich Himmler</a> – immediately telephoned both the head of the SS's archaeological department, <i>Amt für Ahnenerbe</i> ("Office for ancestral heritage"), and Himmler himself. Telling argued strongly against the destruction of an important remnant of "<a href="/wiki/Aryan" title="Aryan">Aryan</a> civilization" and Himmler authorized him to stop the construction of the anti-tank trench. He informed Telling that a written order would be dispatched but that it would take several days to arrive. Telling then drove to the site and ordered the commanding Wehrmacht officers to immediately stop the construction process. When the local Wehrmacht commander refused, Telling threatened him with reprisals from the SS. Construction was called off and Himmler's written order arrived two days later countering the Wehrmacht's original instructions.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Telling later settled near the site and considered himself a custodian of it until his death in 1968. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Dannewerk" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Dannewerk">Dannewerk</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Danewerk" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Danewerk">Danewerk</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_walls" title="List of walls">List of walls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadrian%27s_Wall" title="Hadrian&#39;s Wall">Hadrian's Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offa%27s_Dyke" title="Offa&#39;s Dyke">Offa's Dyke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dannevirke" title="Dannevirke">Dannevirke</a> (town in <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6tavirke" title="Götavirke">Götavirke</a> (Geatish Dyke)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Denmark" title="History of Denmark">History of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Schleswig-Holstein" title="History of Schleswig-Holstein">History of Schleswig-Holstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_Walls" title="Silesian Walls">Silesian Walls</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAndersen2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Andersen, H. Hellmuth (2004). <i>Til hele rigets værn</i> (in Danish). Højbjerg: Moesgård &amp; Wormianum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/87-89531-15-9" title="Special:BookSources/87-89531-15-9"><bdi>87-89531-15-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Til+hele+rigets+v%C3%A6rn&amp;rft.place=H%C3%B8jbjerg&amp;rft.pub=Moesg%C3%A5rd+%26+Wormianum&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=87-89531-15-9&amp;rft.aulast=Andersen&amp;rft.aufirst=H.+Hellmuth&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanevirke" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElse_Roesdahl" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Else Roesdahl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://danmarkshistorien.dk/perioder/vikingetiden-ca-800-1050/broer-ringborge-og-dannevirke/">"Broer, Ringborge og Dannevirke &#91;Bridges, Ringcastles and Danevirke&#93;"</a>. <i>danmarkshistorien.dk</i> (in Danish). Aarhus University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=danmarkshistorien.dk&amp;rft.atitle=Broer%2C+Ringborge+og+Dannevirke+%5BBridges%2C+Ringcastles+and+Danevirke%5D&amp;rft.au=Else+Roesdahl&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdanmarkshistorien.dk%2Fperioder%2Fvikingetiden-ca-800-1050%2Fbroer-ringborge-og-dannevirke%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanevirke" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFehring2014" class="citation book cs1">Fehring, Günter P. (24 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7RMcBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA140"><i>The Archaeology of Medieval Germany: An Introduction</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317605119" title="Special:BookSources/9781317605119"><bdi>9781317605119</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Archaeology+of+Medieval+Germany%3A+An+Introduction&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2014-10-24&amp;rft.isbn=9781317605119&amp;rft.aulast=Fehring&amp;rft.aufirst=G%C3%BCnter+P.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7RMcBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA140&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanevirke" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ordnet.dk/ods/ordbog?query=virke">Ordbog over det danske Sprog: Virke</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-museum-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-museum_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-museum_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museum-sonderjylland.dk/siderne/det-sker/05a58-Oktober2013.html#.Ul6dTerU_IU">Danevirke – Ældre end hidtil antaget!</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925230017/http://www.museum-sonderjylland.dk/siderne/det-sker/05a58-Oktober2013.html#.Ul6dTerU_IU">Archived</a> 25 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Museum South-Jutland. <span class="languageicon">(in Danish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-unesco-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-unesco_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1553">"Archaeological Border complex of Hedeby and the Danevirke"</a>. <i>UNESCO World Heritage Centre</i>. UNESCO<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&amp;rft.atitle=Archaeological+Border+complex+of+Hedeby+and+the+Danevirke&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F1553&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanevirke" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dannevirke-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dannevirke_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dannevirke_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dannevirke_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLotte_Flugt_Kold2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lotte Flugt Kold (3 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://danmarkshistorien.dk/leksikon-og-kilder/vis/materiale/dannevirke/">"Dannevirke"</a>. <i>danmarkshistorien.dk</i> (in Danish). Aarhus University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=danmarkshistorien.dk&amp;rft.atitle=Dannevirke&amp;rft.date=2014-11-03&amp;rft.au=Lotte+Flugt+Kold&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdanmarkshistorien.dk%2Fleksikon-og-kilder%2Fvis%2Fmateriale%2Fdannevirke%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanevirke" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUffe_Christensen2013" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Uffe Christensen (27 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131001193014/http://jyllands-posten.dk/kultur/historie/ECE6015528/danevirke-er-noget-aeldre-end-antaget/">"Danevirke er noget ældre end antaget"</a>. <i>Jyllandsposten</i> (in Danish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jyllands-posten.dk/kultur/historie/ECE6015528/danevirke-er-noget-aeldre-end-antaget/">the original</a> on 1 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Jyllandsposten&amp;rft.atitle=Danevirke+er+noget+%C3%A6ldre+end+antaget&amp;rft.date=2013-08-27&amp;rft.au=Uffe+Christensen&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjyllands-posten.dk%2Fkultur%2Fhistorie%2FECE6015528%2Fdanevirke-er-noget-aeldre-end-antaget%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanevirke" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthias_Schulz2010" class="citation web cs1">Matthias Schulz (27 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/sensational-discovery-archeologists-find-gateway-to-the-viking-empire-a-714235.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Sensational' Discovery: Archeologists Find Gateway to the Viking Empire"</a>. Spiegel Online International<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%27Sensational%27+Discovery%3A+Archeologists+Find+Gateway+to+the+Viking+Empire&amp;rft.pub=Spiegel+Online+International&amp;rft.date=2010-08-27&amp;rft.au=Matthias+Schulz&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fgermany%2Fsensational-discovery-archeologists-find-gateway-to-the-viking-empire-a-714235.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanevirke" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gyldendal-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gyldendal_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gyldendal_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gyldendal_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gyldendal_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Danmarks_geografi_og_historie/Danmarks_historie/Danmark_f%C3%B8r_Reformationen/Dannevirke">"Dannevirke"</a> (in Danish). Gyldendal Business.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Dannevirke&amp;rft.pub=Gyldendal+Business&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.denstoredanske.dk%2FDanmarks_geografi_og_historie%2FDanmarks_historie%2FDanmark_f%25C3%25B8r_Reformationen%2FDannevirke&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanevirke" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnders_Bøgh" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Anders Bøgh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120314192633/http://danmarkshistorien.dk/perioder/hoejmiddelalderen-ca-1050-1340/valdemarstiden-1157-1241/">"Valdemarstiden 1157–1241"</a>. <i>danmarkshistorien.dk</i> (in Danish). Aarhus University. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://danmarkshistorien.dk/perioder/hoejmiddelalderen-ca-1050-1340/valdemarstiden-1157-1241/">the original</a> on 14 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=danmarkshistorien.dk&amp;rft.atitle=Valdemarstiden+1157%E2%80%931241&amp;rft.au=Anders+B%C3%B8gh&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdanmarkshistorien.dk%2Fperioder%2Fhoejmiddelalderen-ca-1050-1340%2Fvaldemarstiden-1157-1241%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanevirke" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heinrich Sybel, <i>The Founding of the German Empire by William I.</i> 1890. Volume 1, page 253</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenrik_Dannemand_Jensen2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Henrik Dannemand Jensen (4 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.b.dk/kultur/da-40.000-danske-soldater-opgav-dannevirke-og-forsvandt-i-ly-af-natten">"Da 40.000 danske soldater opgav Dannevirke og forsvandt i ly af natten &#91;When 40,000 Danish soldiers gave up Danevirke and disappeared under cover of darkness&#93;"</a>. <i>Berlingske (Kultur)</i> (in Danish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Berlingske+%28Kultur%29&amp;rft.atitle=Da+40.000+danske+soldater+opgav+Dannevirke+og+forsvandt+i+ly+af+natten+%5BWhen+40%2C000+Danish+soldiers+gave+up+Danevirke+and+disappeared+under+cover+of+darkness%5D&amp;rft.date=2014-02-04&amp;rft.au=Henrik+Dannemand+Jensen&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.b.dk%2Fkultur%2Fda-40.000-danske-soldater-opgav-dannevirke-og-forsvandt-i-ly-af-natten&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADanevirke" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.graenseforeningen.dk/leksikon/t/4155">including Himmler's warrant i Danish translation, authorizing Telling to protect the site</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danevirke&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090224021124/http://www.milhist.dk/start/uk_slesvigwars.htm">Slesvig Wars</a> in English and Danish</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museen-sh.de/ml/inst_druck.php?s=2&amp;t=1&amp;sparte=museen&amp;pid=&amp;inst=11">Museum at the Danewerk</a></li></ul> <p><i>Parts of this article are based on the articles <a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dannevirke" class="extiw" title="da:Dannevirke">Dannevirke</a> and <a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8ren_Telling" class="extiw" title="da:Søren Telling">Søren Telling</a> on the Danish Wikipedia, accessed on 23 July 2006.</i> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="20px_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Germany_15px" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg/20px-World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg/30px-World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg/40px-World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span>&#160;&#160;<a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">World Heritage Sites</span></a> in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Germany</span></a>&#160;&#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#008000;color:white;"><div><i>For official site names, see each article or the <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Germany" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Germany"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">List of World Heritage Sites in Germany</span></a>.</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#008000;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Germany" title="Northern Germany"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Northern</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADGB_Trade_Union_School" title="ADGB Trade Union School">ADGB Trade Union School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Modernism_Housing_Estates" title="Berlin Modernism Housing Estates">Berlin Modernism Housing Estates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bremen_City_Hall" title="Bremen City Hall">Bremen Town Hall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bremen_Roland" title="Bremen Roland">Roland on the Marketplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fagus_Factory" title="Fagus Factory">Fagus Factory in Alfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedeby" title="Hedeby">Hedeby</a> and the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Danevirke</a> Archaeological Border Complex</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildesheim_Cathedral" title="Hildesheim Cathedral">St. Mary's Cathedral</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Michael%27s_Church,_Hildesheim" title="St. Michael&#39;s Church, Hildesheim">St. Michael's Church</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hildesheim" title="Hildesheim">Hildesheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_Island" title="Museum Island">Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Hanseatic City of Lübeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaces_and_Parks_of_Potsdam_and_Berlin" title="Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin">Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rammelsberg" title="Rammelsberg">Mines of Rammelsberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goslar" title="Goslar">Historic Town of Goslar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Upper_Harz_Water_Regale" title="Upper Harz Water Regale">Upper Harz Water Management System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speicherstadt" title="Speicherstadt">Speicherstadt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kontorhaus_District" title="Kontorhaus District">Kontorhaus District</a> with <a href="/wiki/Chilehaus" title="Chilehaus">Chilehaus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></li> <li>Historic Centres of <a href="/wiki/Stralsund" title="Stralsund">Stralsund</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wismar" title="Wismar">Wismar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#008000;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Germany_(cultural_area)" title="Central Germany (cultural area)"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Central</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bauhaus_and_its_Sites_in_Weimar,_Dessau_and_Bernau" title="Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau">Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessau-W%C3%B6rlitz_Garden_Realm" title="Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm">Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/Dresden_Elbe_Valley" title="Dresden Elbe Valley">Dresden Elbe Valley</a></s> <i>(delisted in 2009)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ore_Mountain_Mining_Region" title="Ore Mountain Mining Region">Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li>Luther Memorials in <a href="/wiki/Eisleben" title="Eisleben">Eisleben</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wittenberg" title="Wittenberg">Wittenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskau_Park" title="Muskau Park">Muskauer Park / Park Mużakowski</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naumburg_Cathedral" title="Naumburg Cathedral">Naumburg Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quedlinburg" title="Quedlinburg">Collegiate Church, Castle, and Old Town of Quedlinburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wartburg" title="Wartburg">Wartburg Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Weimar_(World_Heritage_Site)" title="Classical Weimar (World Heritage Site)">Classical Weimar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#008000;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Germany"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Western</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aachen_Cathedral" title="Aachen Cathedral">Aachen Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustusburg_and_Falkenlust_Palaces,_Br%C3%BChl" title="Augustusburg and Falkenlust Palaces, Brühl">Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Brühl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergpark_Wilhelmsh%C3%B6he" title="Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe">Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cologne_Cathedral" title="Cologne Cathedral">Cologne Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Abbey_of_Corvey" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Abbey of Corvey">Carolingian Westwork and Civitas Corvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Germanic_Limes" title="Lower Germanic Limes">Lower Germanic Limes</a><sup><small>6</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhine_Gorge" title="Rhine Gorge">Upper Middle Rhine Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Monuments,_Cathedral_of_St_Peter_and_Church_of_Our_Lady_in_Trier" title="Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier">Roman Monuments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trier_Cathedral" title="Trier Cathedral">Cathedral of St. Peter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liebfrauenkirche,_Trier" title="Liebfrauenkirche, Trier">Church of Our Lady</a> in <a href="/wiki/Trier" title="Trier">Trier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speyer_Cathedral" title="Speyer Cathedral">Speyer Cathedral</a></li> <li>ShUM cities of <a href="/wiki/Jewish_courtyard,_Speyer" title="Jewish courtyard, Speyer">Speyer</a>, Worms and Mainz</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Spa_Towns_of_Europe" title="Great Spa Towns of Europe">Great Spa Towns of Europe</a><sup><small>8</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lklingen_Ironworks" title="Völklingen Ironworks">Völklingen Ironworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zollverein_Coal_Mine_Industrial_Complex" title="Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex">Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#008000;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Germany" title="Southern Germany"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Southern</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lorsch_Abbey" title="Lorsch Abbey">Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Architectural_Work_of_Le_Corbusier" title="The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier">The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augsburg_Water_Management_System" title="Augsburg Water Management System">Augsburg Water Management System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamberg" title="Bamberg">Town of Bamberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caves_and_Ice_Age_Art_in_the_Swabian_Jura" title="Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura">Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darmstadt_Artists%27_Colony" title="Darmstadt Artists&#39; Colony">Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt</a></li> <li>Frontiers of the Roman Empire in Bavaria<sup><small>7</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limes_(Roman_Empire)" title="Limes (Roman Empire)">Frontiers of the Roman Empire</a>:<sup><small>3</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/Limes_Germanicus" title="Limes Germanicus">Upper Germanic &amp; Rhaetian Limes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maulbronn_Monastery" title="Maulbronn Monastery">Maulbronn Monastery Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margravial_Opera_House" title="Margravial Opera House">Margravial Opera House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichenau_Island" title="Reichenau Island">Monastic Island of Reichenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regensburg" title="Regensburg">Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wieskirche" title="Wieskirche">Pilgrimage Church of Wies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_pile_dwellings_around_the_Alps" title="Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps">Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg_Residence" title="Würzburg Residence">Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#008000;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Natural_heritage" title="Natural heritage"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Natural</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messel_pit" class="mw-redirect" title="Messel pit">Messel Pit Fossil Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primeval_Beech_Forests_of_the_Carpathians_and_the_Ancient_Beech_Forests_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany">Ancient Beech Forests</a><sup><small>5</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadden_Sea" title="Wadden Sea">Wadden Sea</a><sup><small>6</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#008000;color:white;"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Shared with the <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Czech Republic"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Czech Republic</span></a></li> <li><sup>2</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of World Heritage Sites of Poland"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Poland</span></a></li> <li><sup>3</sup> Shared with the <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="List of World Heritage Sites of the United Kingdom"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">United Kingdom</span></a></li> <li><sup>4</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Austria" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Austria"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Austria</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_France" title="List of World Heritage Sites in France"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">France</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Italy" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Italy"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Italy</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Southern_Europe" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Southern Europe"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Slovenia</span></a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Switzerland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Switzerland"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Switzerland</span></a></li> <li><sup>5</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Albania</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Austria</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Belgium</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Bosnia and Herzegovina</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Bulgaria</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Croatia</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Czech Republic</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">France</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Italy</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">North Macedonia</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Poland</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Romania</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Slovakia</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Slovenia</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Spain</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Switzerland</span></a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Ukraine</span></a></li> <li><sup>6</sup> Shared with the <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Netherlands"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Netherlands</span></a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Northern_Europe" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Northern Europe"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Denmark</span></a></li> <li><sup>7</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Austria" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Austria"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Austria</span></a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Slovakia" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Slovakia"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Slovakia</span></a></li> <li><sup>8</sup> Shared with <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_France" title="List of World Heritage Sites in France"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">France</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Austria" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Austria"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Austria</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Belgium" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Belgium"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Belgium</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Czech Republic"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Czechia</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Italy" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Italy"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Italy</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">UK</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689454#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689454#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689454#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/28144647637855647001">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1319659/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh91006381">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12183822h">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12183822h">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007544104805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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