CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Lignan - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"2009052d-ef20-4fa9-bbc0-2fd275a11524","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Lignan","wgTitle":"Lignan","wgCurRevisionId":1246725099,"wgRevisionId":1246725099,"wgArticleId":1831262,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Pages using div col with small parameter","Lignans","Wood extracts"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Lignan","wgRelevantArticleId":1831262,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia", "wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":8000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q424634","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={ "ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging", "ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.6"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Lignan - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignan"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignan"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Lignan rootpage-Lignan skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Lignan" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Lignan" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Lignan" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Lignan" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biosynthesis_and_metabolism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biosynthesis_and_metabolism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biosynthesis and metabolism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biosynthesis_and_metabolism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Food_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Food_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Food sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Food_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prevalence_and_health_effects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prevalence_and_health_effects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Prevalence and health effects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prevalence_and_health_effects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lignan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%BA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ليغنان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليغنان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignan" title="Lignan – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lignan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignany" title="Lignany – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lignany" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignane" title="Lignane – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lignane" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Λιγνάνες – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λιγνάνες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignano" title="Lignano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lignano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignano" title="Lignano – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lignano" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignane" title="Lignane – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lignane" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignano" title="Lignano – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lignano" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Лигнан – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лигнан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignaan" title="Lignaan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lignaan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B0%E3%83%8A%E3%83%B3" title="リグナン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リグナン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignan" title="Lignan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lignan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignan" title="Lignan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lignan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Лигнаны – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лигнаны" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignaanit" title="Lignaanit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lignaanit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignan" title="Lignan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lignan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Лігнани – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лігнани" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E8%84%82%E7%B4%A0" title="木脂素 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="木脂素" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q424634#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lignan" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Lignan" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lignan"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lignan"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Lignan" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Lignan" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&oldid=1246725099" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Lignan&id=1246725099&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlQ%C4%B1sald%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLignan"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLignan"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Lignan&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lignans" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q424634" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Group of polyphenols in plant matter</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the phytoestrogen. For the wood polymer, see <a href="/wiki/Lignin" title="Lignin">Lignin</a>. For the wine and table grape, see <a href="/wiki/Lignan_(grape)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lignan (grape)">Lignan (grape)</a>. For the town in Italy, see <a href="/wiki/Lignano_Sabbiadoro" title="Lignano Sabbiadoro">Lignano Sabbiadoro</a>.</div> <p>The <b>lignans</b> are a large group of low molecular weight <a href="/wiki/Polyphenol" title="Polyphenol">polyphenols</a> found in <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plants</a>, particularly <a href="/wiki/Seed" title="Seed">seeds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whole_grain" title="Whole grain">whole grains</a>, and vegetables.<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name derives from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> word for "wood".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lignans are precursors to <a href="/wiki/Phytoestrogen" title="Phytoestrogen">phytoestrogens</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They may play a role as <a href="/wiki/Antifeedant" title="Antifeedant">antifeedants</a> in the defense of seeds and plants against <a href="/wiki/Herbivore" title="Herbivore">herbivores</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biosynthesis_and_metabolism">Biosynthesis and metabolism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biosynthesis and metabolism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="title"><div>Structures of some lignans</div></div><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Matairesinol.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Matairesinol, illustrating the dibenzylbutyrolactone motif"><img alt="Matairesinol, illustrating the dibenzylbutyrolactone motif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Matairesinol.png/180px-Matairesinol.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Matairesinol.png/270px-Matairesinol.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Matairesinol.png/360px-Matairesinol.png 2x" data-file-width="1811" data-file-height="1367" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Matairesinol" title="Matairesinol">Matairesinol</a>, illustrating the dibenzylbutyrolactone motif</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Secoisolariciresinol_Structural_Formula_V.1.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Secoisolariciresinol, illustrating the 9,9'-dihydroxydibenzylbutane motif"><img alt="Secoisolariciresinol, illustrating the 9,9'-dihydroxydibenzylbutane motif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Secoisolariciresinol_Structural_Formula_V.1.svg/180px-Secoisolariciresinol_Structural_Formula_V.1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Secoisolariciresinol_Structural_Formula_V.1.svg/270px-Secoisolariciresinol_Structural_Formula_V.1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Secoisolariciresinol_Structural_Formula_V.1.svg/360px-Secoisolariciresinol_Structural_Formula_V.1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="436" data-file-height="349" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Secoisolariciresinol" title="Secoisolariciresinol">Secoisolariciresinol</a>, illustrating the 9,9'-dihydroxydibenzylbutane motif</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Justicidin_A.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Justicidin A, illustrating the arylnaphthalene motif"><img alt="Justicidin A, illustrating the arylnaphthalene motif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Justicidin_A.svg/162px-Justicidin_A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="162" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Justicidin_A.svg/243px-Justicidin_A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Justicidin_A.svg/324px-Justicidin_A.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Justicidin_A" title="Justicidin A">Justicidin A</a>, illustrating the arylnaphthalene motif</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pinoresinol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pinoresinol, illustrating the furanofuran motif"><img alt="Pinoresinol, illustrating the furanofuran motif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pinoresinol.svg/180px-Pinoresinol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pinoresinol.svg/270px-Pinoresinol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Pinoresinol.svg/360px-Pinoresinol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pinoresinol" title="Pinoresinol">Pinoresinol</a>, illustrating the furanofuran motif</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Steganacin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Steganacin, illustrating the dibenzocyclooctadienelactone motif"><img alt="Steganacin, illustrating the dibenzocyclooctadienelactone motif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Steganacin.svg/180px-Steganacin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Steganacin.svg/270px-Steganacin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Steganacin.svg/360px-Steganacin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="515" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Steganacin" title="Steganacin">Steganacin</a>, illustrating the dibenzocyclooctadienelactone motif</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Podophyllotoxin2DCSD.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Podophyllotoxin, illustrating the aryltetralin motif"><img alt="Podophyllotoxin, illustrating the aryltetralin motif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Podophyllotoxin2DCSD.svg/159px-Podophyllotoxin2DCSD.svg.png" decoding="async" width="159" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Podophyllotoxin2DCSD.svg/238px-Podophyllotoxin2DCSD.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Podophyllotoxin2DCSD.svg/318px-Podophyllotoxin2DCSD.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="580" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Podophyllotoxin" title="Podophyllotoxin">Podophyllotoxin</a>, illustrating the aryltetralin motif</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>Lignans and <a href="/wiki/Lignin" title="Lignin">lignin</a> differ in their molecular weight, the former being small and soluble in water, the latter being high polymers that are undigestable. Both are <a href="/wiki/Polyphenol" title="Polyphenol">polyphenolic</a> substances derived by oxidative coupling of <a href="/wiki/Monolignol" title="Monolignol">monolignols</a>. Thus, most lignans feature a C<sub>18</sub> cores, resulting from the dimerization of C<sub>9</sub> precursors. The coupling of the lignols occurs at C8. Eight classes of lignans are: "furofuran, furan, dibenzylbutane, dibenzylbutyrolactone, aryltetralin, arylnaphthalene, dibenzocyclooctadiene, and dibenzylbutyrolactol."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many lignans are metabolized by mammalian gut microflora, producing so-called <a href="/wiki/Enterolignan" title="Enterolignan">enterolignans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Food_sources">Food sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Food sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Flax_seed" class="mw-redirect" title="Flax seed">Flax seeds</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sesame_seed" class="mw-redirect" title="Sesame seed">sesame seeds</a> contain high levels of lignans.<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Landete_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landete-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The principal lignan precursor found in flaxseeds is <a href="/wiki/Secoisolariciresinol_diglucoside" title="Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside">secoisolariciresinol diglucoside</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Landete_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landete-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other foods containing lignans include cereals (<a href="/wiki/Rye" title="Rye">rye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oat" title="Oat">oat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a>), <a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">soybeans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tofu" title="Tofu">tofu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cruciferous_vegetables" title="Cruciferous vegetables">cruciferous vegetables</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Broccoli" title="Broccoli">broccoli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cabbage" title="Cabbage">cabbage</a>, and some fruits, particularly <a href="/wiki/Apricot" title="Apricot">apricots</a> and <a href="/wiki/Strawberry" title="Strawberry">strawberries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lignans are not present in <a href="/wiki/Seed_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Seed oil">seed oil</a>, and their contents in whole or <a href="/wiki/Mill_(grinding)" title="Mill (grinding)">ground</a> seeds may vary according to geographic location, climate, and maturity of the seed crop, and the duration of seed storage.<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol were the first plant lignans identified in foods.<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typically, lariciresinol and pinoresinol contribute about 75% to the total lignan intake, whereas secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol contribute only about 25%.<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Foods containing lignans:<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Milder_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milder-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Source</th> <th>Lignan amount </th></tr> <tr> <td>Flaxseeds</td> <td>85.5 mg per oz (28.35 g) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sesame seeds</td> <td>11.2 mg per oz </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Brassica" title="Brassica">Brassica</a></i> vegetables</td> <td>0.3-0.8  mg per half <a href="/wiki/Cup_(unit)" title="Cup (unit)">cup</a> (125 ml) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Strawberries</td> <td>0.2 mg per half cup </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prevalence_and_health_effects">Prevalence and health effects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prevalence and health effects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lignans are the principal source of dietary <a href="/wiki/Phytoestrogen" title="Phytoestrogen">phytoestrogens</a> in typical <a href="/wiki/Western_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Western diet">Western diets</a>, even though most research on phytoestrogen-rich diets has focused on <a href="/wiki/Soy" class="mw-redirect" title="Soy">soy</a> <a href="/wiki/Isoflavones" class="mw-redirect" title="Isoflavones">isoflavones</a>. Lignan's <a href="/wiki/Enterolignan" title="Enterolignan">enterolignan</a> products <a href="/wiki/Enterodiol" title="Enterodiol">enterodiol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Enterolactone" title="Enterolactone">enterolactone</a> have weak <a href="/wiki/Estrogenic" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrogenic">estrogenic</a> activity, but they may also exert biological effects through non-estrogenic means.<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2021 review found that lignans have a positive effect on lipid profiles of patients with <a href="/wiki/Dyslipidemia" title="Dyslipidemia">dyslipidemia</a> related diseases.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2022 there is limited evidence that dietary intake of lignans is associated with a reduced cancer and cardiovascular disease risk.<sup id="cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col div-col-small" style="column-width: 30;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herbalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbalism">Herbalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmacognosy" title="Pharmacognosy">Pharmacognosy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavonolignan" title="Flavonolignan">Flavonolignan</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-lpi.oregonstate-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lpi.oregonstate_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/phytochemicals/lignans">"Lignans"</a>. Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University. 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lignans&rft.pub=Micronutrient+Information+Center%2C+Linus+Pauling+Institute%2C+Oregon+State+University&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flpi.oregonstate.edu%2Finfocenter%2Fphytochemicals%2Flignans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALignan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From <i>lign-</i> (Latin, "wood") + <i>-an</i> (chemical suffix).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKorkinaKostyukDe_LucaPastore2011" class="citation journal cs1">Korkina, L; Kostyuk, V; De Luca, C; Pastore, S (2011). "Plant phenylpropanoids as emerging anti-inflammatory agents". <i>Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry</i>. <b>11</b> (10): 823–35. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2174%2F138955711796575489">10.2174/138955711796575489</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21762105">21762105</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mini+Reviews+in+Medicinal+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Plant+phenylpropanoids+as+emerging+anti-inflammatory+agents&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=823-35&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2174%2F138955711796575489&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21762105&rft.aulast=Korkina&rft.aufirst=L&rft.au=Kostyuk%2C+V&rft.au=De+Luca%2C+C&rft.au=Pastore%2C+S&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALignan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaleemKimAliLee2005" class="citation journal cs1">Saleem, Muhammad; Kim, Hyoung Ja; Ali, Muhammad Shaiq; Lee, Yong Sup (2005). "An update on bioactive plant lignans". <i>Natural Product Reports</i>. <b>22</b> (6): 696–716. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1039%2FB514045P">10.1039/B514045P</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16311631">16311631</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Product+Reports&rft.atitle=An+update+on+bioactive+plant+lignans&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=696-716&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1039%2FB514045P&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16311631&rft.aulast=Saleem&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hyoung+Ja&rft.au=Ali%2C+Muhammad+Shaiq&rft.au=Lee%2C+Yong+Sup&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALignan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUmezawa2003" class="citation journal cs1">Umezawa, Toshiaki (2003). "Diversity in lignan biosynthesis". <i>Phytochemistry Reviews</i>. <b>2</b> (3): 371–90. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1023%2FB%3APHYT.0000045487.02836.32">10.1023/B:PHYT.0000045487.02836.32</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6276953">6276953</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytochemistry+Reviews&rft.atitle=Diversity+in+lignan+biosynthesis&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=371-90&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2FB%3APHYT.0000045487.02836.32&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A6276953%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Umezawa&rft.aufirst=Toshiaki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALignan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdlercreutz2007" class="citation journal cs1">Adlercreutz, Herman (2007). "Lignans and Human Health". <i>Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences</i>. <b>44</b> (5–6): 483–525. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10408360701612942">10.1080/10408360701612942</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17943494">17943494</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:31753060">31753060</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Clinical+Laboratory+Sciences&rft.atitle=Lignans+and+Human+Health&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5%E2%80%936&rft.pages=483-525&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A31753060%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17943494&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F10408360701612942&rft.aulast=Adlercreutz&rft.aufirst=Herman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALignan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeinonenNurmiLiukkonenPoutanen2001" class="citation journal cs1">Heinonen, S; Nurmi, T; Liukkonen, K; Poutanen, K; Wähälä, K; Deyama, T; Nishibe, S; Adlercreutz, H (2001). "In vitro metabolism of plant lignans: New precursors of mammalian lignans enterolactone and enterodiol". <i>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry</i>. <b>49</b> (7): 3178–86. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fjf010038a">10.1021/jf010038a</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11453749">11453749</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=In+vitro+metabolism+of+plant+lignans%3A+New+precursors+of+mammalian+lignans+enterolactone+and+enterodiol&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=3178-86&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fjf010038a&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11453749&rft.aulast=Heinonen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=Nurmi%2C+T&rft.au=Liukkonen%2C+K&rft.au=Poutanen%2C+K&rft.au=W%C3%A4h%C3%A4l%C3%A4%2C+K&rft.au=Deyama%2C+T&rft.au=Nishibe%2C+S&rft.au=Adlercreutz%2C+H&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALignan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Landete-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Landete_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Landete_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandete2012" class="citation journal cs1">Landete, José (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0963996912000087">"Plant and mammalian lignans: A review of source, intake, metabolism, intestinal bacteria and health"</a>. <i>Food Research International</i>. <b>46</b> (1): 410–24. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.foodres.2011.12.023">10.1016/j.foodres.2011.12.023</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Research+International&rft.atitle=Plant+and+mammalian+lignans%3A+A+review+of+source%2C+intake%2C+metabolism%2C+intestinal+bacteria+and+health&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=410-24&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.foodres.2011.12.023&rft.aulast=Landete&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fpii%2FS0963996912000087&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALignan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Milder-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Milder_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilderArtsvan_de_PutteVenema2005" class="citation journal cs1">Milder IE, Arts IC, van de Putte B, Venema DP, Hollman PC (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1079%2FBJN20051371">"Lignan contents of Dutch plant foods: a database including lariciresinol, pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol"</a>. <i>British Journal of Nutrition</i>. <b>93</b> (3): 393–402. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1079%2FBJN20051371">10.1079/BJN20051371</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15877880">15877880</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Journal+of+Nutrition&rft.atitle=Lignan+contents+of+Dutch+plant+foods%3A+a+database+including+lariciresinol%2C+pinoresinol%2C+secoisolariciresinol+and+matairesinol&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=393-402&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1079%2FBJN20051371&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15877880&rft.aulast=Milder&rft.aufirst=IE&rft.au=Arts%2C+IC&rft.au=van+de+Putte%2C+B&rft.au=Venema%2C+DP&rft.au=Hollman%2C+PC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1079%252FBJN20051371&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALignan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYang,_C.,_Xia,_H.,_Wan,_M.2021" class="citation journal cs1">Yang, C., Xia, H., Wan, M. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8504108">"Comparisons of the effects of different flaxseed products consumption on lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines and anthropometric indices in patients with dyslipidemia related diseases: systematic review and a dose–response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"</a>. <i>Nutrition & Metabolism</i>. <b>18</b> (1): 91. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs12986-021-00619-3">10.1186/s12986-021-00619-3</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8504108">8504108</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34635132">34635132</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nutrition+%26+Metabolism&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+the+effects+of+different+flaxseed+products+consumption+on+lipid+profiles%2C+inflammatory+cytokines+and+anthropometric+indices+in+patients+with+dyslipidemia+related+diseases%3A+systematic+review+and+a+dose%E2%80%93response+meta-analysis+of+randomized+controlled+trials&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=91&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8504108%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34635132&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2Fs12986-021-00619-3&rft.au=Yang%2C+C.%2C+Xia%2C+H.%2C+Wan%2C+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8504108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALignan" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lignan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120414191253/http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/lignan/LG0n1.html#p11">IUPAC lignan nomenclature</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Xenoestrogens" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Xenoestrogens" title="Template:Xenoestrogens"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Xenoestrogens" title="Template talk:Xenoestrogens"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Xenoestrogens" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Xenoestrogens"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Xenoestrogens" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Xenoestrogen" title="Xenoestrogen">Xenoestrogens</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Phytoestrogens" class="mw-redirect" title="Phytoestrogens">Phytoestrogens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Flavanones" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavanones">Flavanones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hesperetin" title="Hesperetin">Hesperetin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquiritigenin" title="Liquiritigenin">Liquiritigenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naringenin" title="Naringenin">Naringenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinocembrin" title="Pinocembrin">Pinocembrin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Flavones" title="Flavones">Flavones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acacetin" title="Acacetin">Acacetin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7,8-Dihydroxyflavone" class="mw-redirect" title="7,8-Dihydroxyflavone">7,8-Dihydroxyflavone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirificin" title="Mirificin">Mirificin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prenylflavonoids" class="mw-redirect" title="Prenylflavonoids">Prenylflavonoids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8-Prenylnaringenin" title="8-Prenylnaringenin">8-Prenylnaringenin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6-Prenylnaringenin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6-Prenylnaringenin (page does not exist)">6-Prenylnaringenin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8-Geranylnaringenin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8-Geranylnaringenin (page does not exist)">8-Geranylnaringenin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6,8-Diprenylnaringenin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6,8-Diprenylnaringenin (page does not exist)">6,8-Diprenylnaringenin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Icaritin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Icaritin (page does not exist)">Icaritin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Isoflavones" class="mw-redirect" title="Isoflavones">Isoflavones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biochanin_A" title="Biochanin A">Biochanin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daidzein" title="Daidzein">Daidzein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daidzin" title="Daidzin">Daidzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formononetin" title="Formononetin">Formononetin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genistein" title="Genistein">Genistein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genistin" title="Genistin">Genistin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycitein" title="Glycitein">Glycitein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ononin" title="Ononin">Ononin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prunetin" title="Prunetin">Prunetin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerarin" title="Puerarin">Puerarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tectorigenin" title="Tectorigenin">Tectorigenin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Isoflavanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Isoflavanes">Isoflavanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Equol" title="Equol">Equol</a> (<a href="/wiki/S-Equol" class="mw-redirect" title="S-Equol"><i>S</i>-Equol</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glabridin" title="Glabridin">Glabridin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dihydrochalcone" title="Dihydrochalcone">Dihydrochalcones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phloretin" title="Phloretin">Phloretin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phlorizin" title="Phlorizin">Phlorizin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Isoflavenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Isoflavenes">Isoflavenes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Glabrene" title="Glabrene">Glabrene</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coumestans" class="mw-redirect" title="Coumestans">Coumestans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coumestan" title="Coumestan">Coumestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coumestrol" title="Coumestrol">Coumestrol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Desmethylwedelolactone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desmethylwedelolactone (page does not exist)">Desmethylwedelolactone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedelolactone" title="Wedelolactone">Wedelolactone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lignans" class="mw-redirect" title="Lignans">Lignans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enterodiol" title="Enterodiol">Enterodiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enterolactone" title="Enterolactone">Enterolactone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Flavonolignans" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavonolignans">Flavonolignans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silybin" class="mw-redirect" title="Silybin">Silybin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinchonain-Ib" title="Cinchonain-Ib">Cinchonain-Ib</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Flavonol" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavonol">Flavonols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quercetin" title="Quercetin">Quercetin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deoxymiroestrol" class="mw-redirect" title="Deoxymiroestrol">Deoxymiroestrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miroestrol" title="Miroestrol">Miroestrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resveratrol" title="Resveratrol">Resveratrol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%91-Isosparteine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Α-Isosparteine (page does not exist)">α-Isosparteine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mycoestrogen" title="Mycoestrogen">Mycoestrogens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zearalanone" title="Zearalanone">Zearalanone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zearalenone" title="Zearalenone">Zearalenone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeranol" title="Zeranol">α-Zearalanol (zeranol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha-zearalenol" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-zearalenol">α-Zearalenol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%92-Zearalanol" class="mw-redirect" title="Β-Zearalanol">β-Zearalanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%92-Zearalenol" title="Β-Zearalenol">β-Zearalenol</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Derivatives" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penicillamine" title="Penicillamine"><small>D</small>-Penicillamine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Synthetic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alkylphenol" title="Alkylphenol">Alkylphenols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atrazine" title="Atrazine">Atrazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butylated_hydroxyanisole" title="Butylated hydroxyanisole">BHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisphenol_A" title="Bisphenol A">Bisphenol A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisphenol_F" title="Bisphenol F">Bisphenol F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisphenol_S" title="Bisphenol S">Bisphenol S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene" title="Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene">DDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane" class="mw-redirect" title="Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane">DDT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieldrin" title="Dieldrin">Dieldrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dioxins_and_dioxin-like_compounds" title="Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds">Dioxins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endosulfan" title="Endosulfan">Endosulfan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzacamene" title="Enzacamene">Enzacamene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythrosine" title="Erythrosine">Erythrosine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heptachlor" title="Heptachlor">Heptachlor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindane" title="Lindane">Lindane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxychlor" title="Methoxychlor">Methoxychlor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonylphenol" title="Nonylphenol">Nonylphenol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraben" title="Paraben">Parabens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polybrominated_biphenyl" title="Polybrominated biphenyl">PBBs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polychlorinated_biphenyl" title="Polychlorinated biphenyl">PCBs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentachlorophenol" title="Pentachlorophenol">Pentachlorophenol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-Hydroxybenzoic_acid" title="4-Hydroxybenzoic acid">PHBA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phthalates" title="Phthalates">Phthalates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propyl_gallate" title="Propyl gallate">Propyl gallate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfluorinated_compound" title="Perfluorinated compound">Perfluorinated compound</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metalloestrogen" title="Metalloestrogen">Metalloestrogens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aluminium</li> <li>Antimony</li> <li>Arsenite</li> <li>Barium</li> <li>Cadmium</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium">Chromium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" title="Cobalt">Cobalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">Copper</a></li> <li>Lead</li> <li>Mercury</li> <li>Nickel</li> <li>Selenite</li> <li>Tin</li> <li>Vanadate</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Types_of_phenylpropanoids" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Phenylpropanoid" title="Template:Phenylpropanoid"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Phenylpropanoid" title="Template talk:Phenylpropanoid"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Phenylpropanoid" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Phenylpropanoid"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Types_of_phenylpropanoids" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Types of <a href="/wiki/Phenylpropanoid" title="Phenylpropanoid">phenylpropanoids</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classes of <a href="/wiki/Phenylpropanoid" title="Phenylpropanoid">phenylpropanoids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxycinnamic_acid" title="Hydroxycinnamic acid">Hydroxycinnamic acids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromone" title="Chromone">Chromones</a> (<a href="/wiki/Furanochromone" title="Furanochromone">Furanochromones</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnamaldehyde" title="Cinnamaldehyde">Cinnamaldehydes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monolignol" title="Monolignol">Monolignols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coumarin" title="Coumarin">Coumarins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcone" title="Chalcone">Chalcones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavonoid" title="Flavonoid">Flavonoids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allylbenzenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Allylbenzenes">Allylbenzenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilbenoid" title="Stilbenoid">Stilbenoids</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lignans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lignin" title="Lignin">Lignins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suberin" title="Suberin">Suberins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Examples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhododendrin" title="Rhododendrin">Rhododendrin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Types_of_lignans" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lignan" title="Template:Lignan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lignan" title="Template talk:Lignan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lignan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lignan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Types_of_lignans" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Types of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">lignans</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lignans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arboreol" title="Arboreol">Arboreol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctigenin" title="Arctigenin">Arctigenin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamaecypanone_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chamaecypanone A (page does not exist)">Chamaecypanone A</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamaecypanone_B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chamaecypanone B (page does not exist)">B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eudesmin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eudesmin (page does not exist)">Eudesmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globoidnan_A" title="Globoidnan A">Globoidnan A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmelanone" title="Gmelanone">Gmelanone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmelinol" title="Gmelinol">Gmelinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gummadiol" title="Gummadiol">Gummadiol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isootobanone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isootobanone (page does not exist)">Isootobanone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyoniresinol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lyoniresinol (page does not exist)">Lyoniresinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macelignan" title="Macelignan">Macelignan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matairesinol" title="Matairesinol">Matairesinol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obtulignolide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obtulignolide (page does not exist)">Obtulignolide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinoresinol" title="Pinoresinol">Pinoresinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluviatilol" title="Pluviatilol">Pluviatilol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podophyllotoxin" title="Podophyllotoxin">Podophyllotoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secoisolariciresinol" title="Secoisolariciresinol">Secoisolariciresinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesamin" title="Sesamin">Sesamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesamolin" title="Sesamolin">Sesamolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steganacin" title="Steganacin">Steganacin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lignan <a href="/wiki/Glycoside" title="Glycoside">glycosides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctiin" title="Arctiin">Arctiin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviculin" title="Aviculin">Aviculin</a> (isolariciresinol-9'-rhamnopyranoside)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secoisolariciresinol_diglucoside" title="Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside">Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside</a> (SDG)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Enterolignan" title="Enterolignan">Mammalian lignans (enterolignans)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enterodiol" title="Enterodiol">Enterodiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enterolactone" title="Enterolactone">Enterolactone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lariciresinol" title="Lariciresinol">Lariciresinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxymatairesinol" title="Hydroxymatairesinol">Hydroxymatairesinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syringaresinol" title="Syringaresinol">Syringaresinol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neolignan" class="mw-redirect" title="Neolignan">Neolignans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balanophonin" title="Balanophonin">Balanophonin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusiderin" title="Eusiderin">Eusiderin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honokiol" title="Honokiol">Honokiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interiotherin" title="Interiotherin">Interiotherin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linderin_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linderin A (page does not exist)">Linderin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnolol" title="Magnolol">Magnolol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megaphone_(molecule)" title="Megaphone (molecule)">Megaphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-O-Methylhonokiol" title="4-O-Methylhonokiol">4-O-Methylhonokiol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhaphidecursinol_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhaphidecursinol A (page does not exist)">Rhaphidecursinol A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhaphidecursinol_B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhaphidecursinol B (page does not exist)">Rhaphidecursinol B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Flavonolignan" title="Flavonolignan">Flavonolignans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinchonain-Ib" title="Cinchonain-Ib">Cinchonain-Ib</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dehydrosilybin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dehydrosilybin (page does not exist)">Dehydrosilybin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deoxysilycistin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deoxysilycistin (page does not exist)">Deoxysilycistin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deoxysilydianin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deoxysilydianin (page does not exist)">Deoxysilydianin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydnocarpin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydnocarpin (page does not exist)">Hydnocarpin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydnowightin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydnowightin (page does not exist)">Hydnowightin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neosilyhermin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neosilyhermin (page does not exist)">Neosilyhermin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palstatin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palstatin (page does not exist)">Palstatin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhodiolin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhodiolin (page does not exist)">Rhodiolin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salcolin_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salcolin A (page does not exist)">Salcolin A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salcolin_B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salcolin B (page does not exist)">Salcolin B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scutellaprostin_A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scutellaprostin A (page does not exist)">Scutellaprostin A</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scutellaprostin_B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scutellaprostin B (page does not exist)">B</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scutellaprostin_C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scutellaprostin C (page does not exist)">C</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scutellaprostin_D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scutellaprostin D (page does not exist)">D</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scutellaprostin_E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scutellaprostin E (page does not exist)">E</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scutellaprostin_F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scutellaprostin F (page does not exist)">F</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silandrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silandrin (page does not exist)">Silandrin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silyamandin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silyamandin (page does not exist)">Silyamandin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silibinin" title="Silibinin">Silibinin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silybinome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silybinome (page does not exist)">Silybinome</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silicristin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silicristin (page does not exist)">Silicristin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silydianin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silydianin (page does not exist)">Silydianin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silyhermin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silyhermin (page does not exist)">Silyhermin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tricin_4%27-O-(erythro-beta-guaiacylglyceryl)_ether&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tricin 4'-O-(erythro-beta-guaiacylglyceryl) ether (page does not exist)">Tricin 4'-O-(erythro-beta-guaiacylglyceryl) ether</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tricin_4%27-O-(threo-beta-guaiacylglyceryl)_ether&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tricin 4'-O-(threo-beta-guaiacylglyceryl) ether (page does not exist)">Tricin 4'-O-(threo-beta-guaiacylglyceryl) ether</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lignan&oldid=1246725099">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lignan&oldid=1246725099</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lignans" title="Category:Lignans">Lignans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wood_extracts" title="Category:Wood extracts">Wood extracts</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_div_col_with_small_parameter" title="Category:Pages using div col with small parameter">Pages using div col with small parameter</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 September 2024, at 18:04<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lignan&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6bd4c5df67-4kdzm","wgBackendResponseTime":147,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.373","walltime":"0.482","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1262,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":66342,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":568,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":71302,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 411.656 1 -total"," 34.76% 143.086 1 Template:Reflist"," 24.68% 101.591 1 Template:Short_description"," 21.02% 86.526 5 Template:Navbox"," 19.47% 80.134 1 Template:Xenoestrogens"," 19.31% 79.476 1 Template:Cite_web"," 10.98% 45.180 2 Template:Pagetype"," 10.75% 44.266 8 Template:Cite_journal"," 7.71% 31.734 4 Template:Main_other"," 7.37% 30.346 1 Template:Gallery"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.239","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4836530,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5857dfdcd6-xn2b5","timestamp":"20241203065954","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Lignan","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lignan","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q424634","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q424634","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-05-02T20:33:13Z","dateModified":"2024-09-20T18:04:58Z","headline":"group of polyphenols in plant matter"}</script> </body> </html>