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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Organizationalism vs. insurrectionarism and expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizationalism_vs._insurrectionarism_and_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Methods_of_organizing:_platformism_vs._synthesism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Methods_of_organizing:_platformism_vs._synthesism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Methods of organizing: platformism vs. synthesism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Methods_of_organizing:_platformism_vs._synthesism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spanish_Revolution_of_1936" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_Revolution_of_1936"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Spanish Revolution of 1936</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_Revolution_of_1936-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-war_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Post-war years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philosophical_debates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philosophical_debates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Philosophical debates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philosophical_debates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Anarchist communism</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 51 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunistischer_Anarchismus" title="Kommunistischer Anarchismus – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kommunistischer Anarchismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="شيوعية لاسلطوية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شيوعية لاسلطوية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%88%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="নৈৰাজ্যবাদী সাম্যবাদ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="নৈৰাজ্যবাদী সাম্যবাদ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcocomunismu" title="Anarcocomunismu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Anarcocomunismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarxo-kommunizm" title="Anarxo-kommunizm – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Anarxo-kommunizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Анарха-камунізм – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Анарха-камунізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Анархо-комунизъм – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Анархо-комунизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisme_llibertari" title="Comunisme llibertari – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Comunisme llibertari" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchokomunismus" title="Anarchokomunismus – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Anarchokomunismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarko-kommunisme" title="Anarko-kommunisme – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Anarko-kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunistischer_Anarchismus" title="Kommunistischer Anarchismus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kommunistischer Anarchismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Αναρχοκομμουνισμός – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αναρχοκομμουνισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcocomunismo" title="Anarcocomunismo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anarcocomunismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarki-komunismo" title="Anarki-komunismo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Anarki-komunismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo_libertario" title="Komunismo libertario – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Komunismo libertario" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="آنارکو کمونیسم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنارکو کمونیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communisme_libertaire" title="Communisme libertaire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Communisme libertaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo_libertario" title="Comunismo libertario – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Comunismo libertario" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%82%98%EB%A5%B4%EC%BD%94%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="아나르코공산주의 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아나르코공산주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AD%D5%B8-%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Անարխո-կոմունիզմ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անարխո-կոմունիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarhokomunizam" title="Anarhokomunizam – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Anarhokomunizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarko-Komunisme" title="Anarko-Komunisme – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Anarko-Komunisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anark%C3%B3-komm%C3%BAnismi" title="Anarkó-kommúnismi – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Anarkó-kommúnismi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarco-comunismo" title="Anarco-comunismo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anarco-comunismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%95-%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="אנרכו-קומוניזם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנרכו-קומוניזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D-%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ანარქო-კომუნიზმი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანარქო-კომუნიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarhokomunisms" title="Anarhokomunisms – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Anarhokomunisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-komunizmas" title="Anarcho-komunizmas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Anarcho-komunizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchokommunizmus" title="Anarchokommunizmus – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Anarchokommunizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Анархистички комунизам – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Анархистички комунизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="അരാജക കമ്മ്യൂണിസം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അരാജക കമ്മ്യൂണിസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchocommunisme" title="Anarchocommunisme – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Anarchocommunisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A3%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="無政府共産主義 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="無政府共産主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarkokommunisme" title="Anarkokommunisme – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Anarkokommunisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="انارکوکمونیزم – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="انارکوکمونیزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchizm_komunistyczny" title="Anarchizm komunistyczny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Anarchizm komunistyczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcocomunismo" title="Anarcocomunismo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Anarcocomunismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarho-comunism" title="Anarho-comunism – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Anarho-comunism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Анархо-коммунизм – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Анархо-коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchist_communism" title="Anarchist communism – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Anarchist communism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-communism" title="Anarcho-communism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Anarcho-communism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchokomunizmus" title="Anarchokomunizmus – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Anarchokomunizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Анархокомунизам – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Анархокомунизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarho-komunizam" title="Anarho-komunizam – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Anarho-komunizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarkokommunismi" title="Anarkokommunismi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Anarkokommunismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A2-%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ลัทธิอนาธิปไตย-คอมมิวนิสต์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลัทธิอนาธิปไตย-คอมมิวนิสต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D3%A3" title="Коммунизми анархистӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Коммунизми анархистӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarko-kom%C3%BCnizm" title="Anarko-komünizm – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Anarko-komünizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Anarcho-communism" title="Category:Anarcho-communism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anarchist communism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rb-star.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Rb-star.svg/75px-Rb-star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Rb-star.svg/113px-Rb-star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Rb-star.svg/150px-Rb-star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="952" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchy" title="Anarchy">Anarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-authoritarianism" title="Anti-authoritarianism">Anti-authoritarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-capitalism" title="Anti-capitalism">Anti-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-statism" title="Anti-statism">Anti-statism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_consciousness" title="Class consciousness">Class consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classless_society" title="Classless society">Classless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common-pool_resource" title="Common-pool resource">Common resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consensus_decision-making" title="Consensus decision-making">Consensus decision-making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-operative_economics" title="Co-operative economics">Co-operative economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egalitarian_community" title="Egalitarian community">Egalitarian community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_of_producers" title="Free association of producers">Free association</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;">"<a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">From each according to his ability,<br />to each according to his needs</a>"</div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_strike" title="General strike">General strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_economy" title="Gift economy">Gift economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Give-away_shop" title="Give-away shop">Give-away shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_abolitionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Market abolitionism">Market abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_aid_(organization_theory)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutual aid (organization theory)">Mutual aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefigurative_politics" title="Prefigurative politics">Prefigurative politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_communism" title="Primitive communism">Primitive communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateless_society" title="Stateless society">Stateless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_control" title="Workers' control">Workers' control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worker_cooperative" title="Worker cooperative">Worker cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_council" title="Workers' council">Workers' council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wage_slavery" title="Wage slavery">Wage slavery</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Anarcho-communists" title="Category:Anarcho-communists">People</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Berkman" title="Alexander Berkman">Berkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iosif_Bleikhman" title="Iosif Bleikhman">Bleikhman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Bookchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Cafiero" title="Carlo Cafiero">Cafiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Covelli" title="Emilio Covelli">Covelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_D%C3%A9jacque" title="Joseph Déjacque">Déjacque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarissa_Dixon" title="Clarissa Dixon">Dixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Dumartheray" title="François Dumartheray">Dumartheray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buenaventura_Durruti" title="Buenaventura Durruti">Durruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Faure" title="Sébastien Faure">Faure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Galleani" title="Luigi Galleani">Galleani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Goldman" title="Emma Goldman">Goldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Flores_Mag%C3%B3n" title="Ricardo Flores Magón">Magón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Meltzer" title="Albert Meltzer">Meltzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volin" title="Volin">Volin</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Organizational forms</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insurrectionary_anarchism" title="Insurrectionary anarchism">Insurrectionary anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platformism" title="Platformism">Platformism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesis_anarchism" title="Synthesis anarchism">Synthesis federations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-syndicalism" title="Anarcho-syndicalism">Anarcho-syndicalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;;font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Conquest_of_Bread" title="The Conquest of Bread">The Conquest of Bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fields,_Factories,_and_Workshops" title="Fields, Factories, and Workshops">Fields, Factories, and Workshops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_Aid:_A_Factor_of_Evolution" title="Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution">Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_Other_Essays" title="Anarchism and Other Essays">Anarchism and Other Essays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Now_and_After" title="Now and After">Now and After</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Scarcity_Anarchism" title="Post-Scarcity Anarchism">Post-Scarcity Anarchism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomism" title="Autonomism">Autonomism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communization" title="Communization">Communization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_communism" title="Council communism">Council communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_communism" title="Left communism">Left communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">Libertarian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_anarchism" title="Social anarchism">Social anarchism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="border-bottom: none; padding-top:5px;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/16px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/24px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/32px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="456" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Anarchism" title="Portal:Anarchism">Anarchism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anarchist_communism_sidebar" title="Template:Anarchist communism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anarchist_communism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Anarchist communism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anarchist_communism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anarchist communism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Anarchist communism</b><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Political_ideology" class="mw-redirect" title="Political ideology">political ideology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anarchist_schools_of_thought" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist schools of thought">anarchist school of thought</a> that advocates <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a>. It calls for the abolition of <a href="/wiki/Private_property" title="Private property">private property</a> but retention of <a href="/wiki/Personal_property" title="Personal property">personal property</a> and <a href="/wiki/Collective_ownership" title="Collective ownership">collectively-owned</a> items, goods, and services. It supports <a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">social ownership</a> of property and the distribution of resources "<a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs</a>". </p><p>Anarchist communism was first formulated as such in the Italian section of the <a href="/wiki/International_Workingmen%27s_Association" title="International Workingmen's Association">International Workingmen's Association</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPernicone1993111–113_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPernicone1993111–113-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The theoretical work of <a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Peter Kropotkin</a> took importance later as it expanded and developed pro-organizationalist and insurrectionary anti-organizationalist section.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198774–75_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198774–75-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of anarchist communist societies are the anarchist territories of the <a href="/wiki/Makhnovshchina" title="Makhnovshchina">Makhnovshchina</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and those of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Revolution_of_1936" title="Spanish Revolution of 1936">Spanish Revolution</a>, most notably <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Catalonia" title="Revolutionary Catalonia">revolutionary Catalonia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forerunners">Forerunners</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Forerunners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The modern current of <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a> was founded by the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Babouvism" title="Neo-Babouvism">Neo-Babouvists</a> of the journal <i>L'Humanitaire</i>, who drew from the "anti-political and anarchist ideas" of <a href="/wiki/Sylvain_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Sylvain Maréchal">Sylvain Maréchal</a>. The foundations of anarcho-communism were laid by <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_D%C3%A9zamy" title="Théodore Dézamy">Théodore Dézamy</a> in his 1843 work <i>Code de la Communauté</i>, which was formulated as a critique of <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cabet" title="Étienne Cabet">Étienne Cabet</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">utopian socialism</a>. In his <i>Code</i>, Dézamy advocated the abolition of <a href="/wiki/Money" title="Money">money</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Division_of_labour" title="Division of labour">division of labour</a> and the <a href="/wiki/State_(polity)" title="State (polity)">state</a>, and the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">common ownership</a> of property and the distribution of resources "<a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">from each according to their ability, to each according to their needs</a>". In anticipation of anarchist communism, Dézamy rejected the need for a transitional stage between capitalism and communism, instead calling for immediate <a href="/wiki/Communisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Communisation">communisation</a> through the direct cessation of <a href="/wiki/Commerce" title="Commerce">commerce</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198761–62_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198761–62-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Horace_Vernet-Barricade_rue_Soufflot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Horace_Vernet-Barricade_rue_Soufflot.jpg/220px-Horace_Vernet-Barricade_rue_Soufflot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Horace_Vernet-Barricade_rue_Soufflot.jpg/330px-Horace_Vernet-Barricade_rue_Soufflot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Horace_Vernet-Barricade_rue_Soufflot.jpg/440px-Horace_Vernet-Barricade_rue_Soufflot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4961" data-file-height="3893" /></a><figcaption>Painting of the <a href="/wiki/June_Days_uprising" title="June Days uprising">June Days uprising</a>, which <a href="/wiki/Joseph_D%C3%A9jacque" title="Joseph Déjacque">Joseph Déjacque</a> considered to be a <a href="/wiki/Social_revolution" title="Social revolution">social revolution</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Proletariat" title="Proletariat">proletariat</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution_of_1848" title="French Revolution of 1848">French Revolution of 1848</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_D%C3%A9jacque" title="Joseph Déjacque">Joseph Déjacque</a> formulated a radical form of communism that opposed both the <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_republic" title="Revolutionary republic">revolutionary republicanism</a> of <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Blanqui" class="mw-redirect" title="Auguste Blanqui">Auguste Blanqui</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mutualism_(economic_theory)" title="Mutualism (economic theory)">mutualism</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon" title="Pierre-Joseph Proudhon">Pierre-Joseph Proudhon</a>. Déjacque opposed the authoritarian conception of a "<a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_the_proletariat" title="Dictatorship of the proletariat">dictatorship of the proletariat</a>", which he considered to be inherently <a href="/wiki/Reactionary" title="Reactionary">reactionary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Counter-revolutionary" title="Counter-revolutionary">counter-revolutionary</a>. Instead, he upheld the <a href="/wiki/Autonomy" title="Autonomy">autonomy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Self-organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-organisation">self-organisation</a> of the workers, which he saw expressed during the <a href="/wiki/June_Days_uprising" title="June Days uprising">June Days uprising</a>, against the <a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">representative politics</a> of governmentalism. Opposed not just to government, but to all forms of <a href="/wiki/Oppression" title="Oppression">oppression</a>, Déjacque advocated for a <a href="/wiki/Social_revolution" title="Social revolution">social revolution</a> to abolish the state, as well as religion, the nuclear family and private property. In their place, Déjacque upheld a form of <a href="/wiki/Anarchy" title="Anarchy">anarchy</a> based on the free distribution of resources.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198762–64_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198762–64-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Déjacque particularly focused his critique on private commerce, such as that espoused by Proudhon and the <a href="/wiki/Ricardian_socialism" title="Ricardian socialism">Ricardian socialists</a>. He considered a worker's right to be to the satisfaction of their needs, rather than to keep the product of their own labour, as he felt the latter would inevitably lead to <a href="/wiki/Capital_accumulation" title="Capital accumulation">capital accumulation</a>. He thus advocated for all property to be held under common ownership and for "unlimited freedom of production and consumption", subordinated only to the authority of the "statistics book". In order to guarantee the universal satisfaction of needs, Déjacque saw the need for the abolition of <a href="/wiki/Forced_labour" title="Forced labour">forced labour</a> through <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">workers' self-management</a>, and the abolition of the division of labour through integrating the <a href="/wiki/Proletariat" title="Proletariat">proletariat</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Intelligentsia" title="Intelligentsia">intelligentsia</a> into a single class. In order to achieve this vision of a communist society, he proposed a transitionary period of in which <a href="/wiki/Direct_democracy" title="Direct democracy">direct democracy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barter" title="Barter">direct exchange</a> would be upheld, positions of state would undergo <a href="/wiki/Democratization" title="Democratization">democratization</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Police" title="Police">police</a> and <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">military</a> would be abolished.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198764–66_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198764–66-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Déjacque's communist platform outlined in his <i>Humanisphere</i> preceded the program of the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a>, and would anticipate the anarcho-communism later elaborated by <a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Errico Malatesta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Peter Kropotkin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Galleani" title="Luigi Galleani">Luigi Galleani</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198766–67_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198766–67-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formulation_in_the_International_Workingmen's_Association"><span id="Formulation_in_the_International_Workingmen.27s_Association"></span>Formulation in the International Workingmen's Association</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Formulation in the International Workingmen's Association"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/International_Workingmen%27s_Association" title="International Workingmen's Association">International Workingmen's Association</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mikhail_Bakunin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mikhail_Bakunin.jpg/220px-Mikhail_Bakunin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mikhail_Bakunin.jpg/330px-Mikhail_Bakunin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mikhail_Bakunin.jpg/440px-Mikhail_Bakunin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="717" data-file-height="951" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Mikhail Bakunin</a>, leader of the anti-authoritarian faction within the <a href="/wiki/International_Workingmen%27s_Association" title="International Workingmen's Association">International Workingmen's Association</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Workingmen%27s_Association" title="International Workingmen's Association">International Workingmen's Association</a> (IWA) was established in 1864,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChattopadhyay2018178–179Graham2019326Pengam198767_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChattopadhyay2018178–179Graham2019326Pengam198767-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at a time when a formalised anarchist movement did not yet exist. Of the few individual anarchists that were influential at this time, it was Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's conception of <a href="/wiki/Federalism" title="Federalism">federalism</a> and his advocacy of <a href="/wiki/Abstentionism" title="Abstentionism">abstentionism</a> that inspired many of the French delegates that founded the IWA and lay the groundwork for the growth of anarchism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019326–327_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019326–327-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the French delegates were a more radical minority that opposed Proudhon's mutualism, which held the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_family" title="Nuclear family">nuclear family</a> as its base social unit. Led by the trade unionist <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Varlin" title="Eugène Varlin">Eugène Varlin</a>, the radicals advocated for a "non-authoritarian communism", which upheld the <a href="/wiki/Municipality#Communes" title="Municipality">commune</a> as the base social unit and advocated for the <a href="/wiki/Universal_access_to_education" title="Universal access to education">universal access to education</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019327–328_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019327–328-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the entry of <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Mikhail Bakunin</a> into the IWA that first infused the federalists with a programme of <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">revolutionary socialism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-statism" title="Anti-statism">anti-statism</a>, which agitated for <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">workers' self-management</a> and <a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">direct action</a> against capitalism and the state.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019329–332_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019329–332-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By this time, the <a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxists</a> of the IWA had begun to denounce their <a href="/wiki/Anti-authoritarianism" title="Anti-authoritarianism">anti-authoritarian</a> opponents as "anarchists", a label previously adopted by Proudhon and Déjacque and later accepted by the anti-authoritarians themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilbur2019217–218_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilbur2019217–218-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the defeat of the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a> in 1871, the IWA split over questions of <a href="/wiki/Socialist_economics" title="Socialist economics">socialist economics</a> and the means of bringing about a <a href="/wiki/Classless_society" title="Classless society">classless society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019332–333Pengam198767_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019332–333Pengam198767-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a>, who favoured the conquest of state power by political parties, banned the anarchists from the IWA.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019334_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019334-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The anarchist faction around the <a href="/wiki/Jura_Federation" title="Jura Federation">Jura Federation</a> resolved to reconstitute as their own <a href="/wiki/Anarchist_St._Imier_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist St. Imier International">Anti-Authoritarian International</a>, which was constructed as a more decentralised and federal organisation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019334–336_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019334–336-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two of the IWA's largest branches, in <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/First_Spanish_Republic" title="First Spanish Republic">Spain</a>, repudiated Marxism and adopted the anti-authoritarian platform.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvrich197123Graham2019335–336_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvrich197123Graham2019335–336-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Guillaume.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/James_Guillaume.jpg/220px-James_Guillaume.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/James_Guillaume.jpg/330px-James_Guillaume.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/James_Guillaume.jpg/440px-James_Guillaume.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/James_Guillaume" title="James Guillaume">James Guillaume</a>, whose work set the foundation for the development of communism from collectivism.</figcaption></figure> <p>As a <a href="/wiki/Collectivist_anarchism" title="Collectivist anarchism">collectivist</a>, Bakunin had himself opposed communism, which he considered to be an inherently <a href="/wiki/Authoritarian_socialism" title="Authoritarian socialism">authoritarian ideology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChattopadhyay2018169Pengam198767Pernicone199328Turcato2019238_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChattopadhyay2018169Pengam198767Pernicone199328Turcato2019238-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But with Bakunin's death in 1876, the anarchists began to shift away from his theory of collectivism and towards an anarchist communism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilbur2019214_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilbur2019214-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term "anarchist communism" was first printed in <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Dumartheray" title="François Dumartheray">François Dumartheray</a>'s February 1876 pamphlet, <i>To manual workers, supporters of political action</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107Marshall2008437Pengam198768–69_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107Marshall2008437Pengam198768–69-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lis%C3%A9e_Reclus" title="Élisée Reclus">Élisée Reclus</a> was quick to express his support for anarchist communism,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989109Graham2019338Pengam198768–69_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989109Graham2019338Pengam198768–69-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at a meeting of the Anti-Authoritarian International in <a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a> the following month.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198768–69_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198768–69-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/James_Guillaume" title="James Guillaume">James Guillaume</a>'s August 1876 pamphlet, <i>Ideas on Social Organisation</i>, outlined a proposal by which the <a href="/wiki/Collective_ownership" title="Collective ownership">collective ownership</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Means_of_production" title="Means of production">means of production</a> could be used in order to transition towards a <a href="/wiki/Communist_society" title="Communist society">communist society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108Marshall2008437Pengam198767–68Pernicone1993111–112_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108Marshall2008437Pengam198767–68Pernicone1993111–112-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Guillaume considered a necessary prerequisite for communism would be a general condition of <a href="/wiki/Post-scarcity_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-scarcity economy">abundance</a>, which could set the foundation for the abandonment of <a href="/wiki/Exchange_value" title="Exchange value">exchange value</a> and the free distribution of resources.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108Graham2019338Pengam198768Pernicone1993111–112_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108Graham2019338Pengam198768Pernicone1993111–112-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This program for anarcho-communism was adopted by the <a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Italy" title="Anarchism in Italy">Italian anarchists</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019338Marshall2008437Pengam198768–69Pernicone1993110–111Turcato2019238_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019338Marshall2008437Pengam198768–69Pernicone1993110–111Turcato2019238-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who had already begun to question collectivism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107–108Pengam198768–69Pernicone1993110–111Turcato2019238_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107–108Pengam198768–69Pernicone1993110–111Turcato2019238-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carlo_Cafiero.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Carlo_Cafiero.jpg/220px-Carlo_Cafiero.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Carlo_Cafiero.jpg/330px-Carlo_Cafiero.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Carlo_Cafiero.jpg/440px-Carlo_Cafiero.jpg 2x" data-file-width="656" data-file-height="875" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Cafiero" title="Carlo Cafiero">Carlo Cafiero</a>, who led the break from <a href="/wiki/Collectivist_anarchism" title="Collectivist anarchism">collectivist anarchism</a> with the first programme for anarchist communism.</figcaption></figure> <p>Although Guillaume had himself <a href="/wiki/Anarchism_without_adjectives" title="Anarchism without adjectives">remained neutral</a> throughout the debate, in September 1877, the Italian anarcho-communists clashed with the <a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Spain" title="Anarchism in Spain">Spanish collectivists</a> at what would be the Anti-Authoritarian International's final congress in <a href="/wiki/Verviers" title="Verviers">Verviers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019339Pengam198769_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019339Pengam198769-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alongside the economic question, the two factions were also divided by the question of organisation. While the collectivists upheld <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">trade unions</a> as a means for achieving anarchy, the communists considered them to be inherently <a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">reformist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Counter-revolutionary" title="Counter-revolutionary">counter-revolutionary</a> organisations that were prone to <a href="/wiki/Bureaucracy" title="Bureaucracy">bureaucracy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">corruption</a>. Instead, the communists preferred small, loosely-organised <a href="/wiki/Affinity_group" title="Affinity group">affinity groups</a>, which they believed closer conformed to anti-authoritarian principles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108–109_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108–109-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 1880, a Congress of the defunct International's <a href="/wiki/Jura_Federation" title="Jura Federation">Jura Federation</a> adopted <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Cafiero" title="Carlo Cafiero">Carlo Cafiero</a>'s programme of <i>Anarchy and Communism</i>, which outlined a clear break with Guillaume's collectivist programme.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019340Pengam198769_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019340Pengam198769-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cafiero rejected the use of an exchange value and the collective ownership of industry, which he believed would lead to <a href="/wiki/Capital_accumulation" title="Capital accumulation">capital accumulation</a> and consequently <a href="/wiki/Social_stratification" title="Social stratification">social stratification</a>. Instead Cafiero called for the abolition of all <a href="/wiki/Wage_labour" title="Wage labour">wage labour</a>, which he saw as a relic of <a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">capitalism</a>, and for the distribution of resources "<a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">from each according to their ability, to each according to their needs</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107–108Pengam198769_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107–108Pengam198769-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organizationalism_vs._insurrectionarism_and_expansion">Organizationalism vs. insurrectionarism and expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Organizationalism vs. insurrectionarism and expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Insurrectionary_anarchism" title="Insurrectionary anarchism">Insurrectionary anarchism</a></div> <p>As anarcho-communism emerged in the mid-19th century, it had an intense debate with <a href="/wiki/Bakuninist" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakuninist">Bakuninist</a> <a href="/wiki/Collectivist_anarchism" title="Collectivist anarchism">collectivism</a> and, within the anarchist movement, over participation in the workers' movement, as well as on other issues. So in Kropotkin's anarcho-communist theory of evolution, the risen people themselves are meant to be the rational industrial manager rather than a working class organized as enterprise.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198774–75_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198774–75-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1880 and 1890, with the "perspective of an <a href="/wiki/Immanent" class="mw-redirect" title="Immanent">immanent</a> revolution", who was "opposed to the official workers' movement, which was then in the process of formation (general <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social Democratisation</a>). They were opposed not only to political (statist) struggles but also to strikes which put forward wage or other claims, or which were organised by trade unions." However, "[w]hile they were not opposed to strikes as such, they were opposed to trade unions and the struggle for the <a href="/wiki/Eight-hour_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Eight-hour day">eight-hour day</a>. This anti-reformist tendency was accompanied by an anti-organisational tendency, and its partisans declared themselves in favor of agitation amongst the unemployed for the expropriation of foodstuffs and other articles, for the expropriatory strike and, in some cases, for '<a href="/wiki/Individual_recuperation" class="mw-redirect" title="Individual recuperation">individual recuperation</a>' or acts of terrorism."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198774–75_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198774–75-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even after <a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Peter Kropotkin</a> and others overcame their initial reservations and decided to enter <a href="/wiki/Labor_union" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor union">labor unions</a>, anti-syndicalist anarchist-communists remained, such as <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Faure" title="Sébastien Faure">Sébastien Faure</a>'s <i>Le Libertaire</i> group and Russian partisans of economic terrorism and expropriations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198775_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198775-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most anarchist publications in the United States were in Yiddish, German, or Russian. However, the American anarcho-communist journal <i><a href="/wiki/Free_Society" title="Free Society">The Firebrand</a></i> was published in English, permitting the dissemination of anarchist communist thought to English-speaking populations in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Goldman-MSF-551_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goldman-MSF-551-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the anarchist historian <a href="/wiki/Max_Nettlau" title="Max Nettlau">Max Nettlau</a>, the first use of the term "libertarian communism" was in November 1880, when a French anarchist congress employed it to identify its doctrines more clearly.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENettlau1996145_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENettlau1996145-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French anarchist journalist <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Faure" title="Sébastien Faure">Sébastien Faure</a>, later founder and editor of the four-volume <i><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_Encyclopedia" title="Anarchist Encyclopedia">Anarchist Encyclopedia</a>,</i> started the weekly paper <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Libertaire</i></span> (<i>The Libertarian</i>) in 1895.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENettlau1996162_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENettlau1996162-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Methods_of_organizing:_platformism_vs._synthesism">Methods of organizing: platformism vs. synthesism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Methods of organizing: platformism vs. synthesism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Russia" title="Anarchism in Russia">Anarchism in Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makhnovshchina" title="Makhnovshchina">Makhnovshchina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Platformism" title="Platformism">Platformism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Synthesis_anarchism" title="Synthesis anarchism">Synthesis anarchism</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1921._%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/1921._%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg/150px-1921._%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/1921._%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg/225px-1921._%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/1921._%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg/300px-1921._%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="429" data-file-height="660" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Nestor Makhno</a>, 1921</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, the anarcho-communist guerrilla leader <a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Nestor Makhno</a> led an independent anarchist army during the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a>. A commander of the <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Insurgent_Army_of_Ukraine" title="Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine">Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine</a>, Makhno led a <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerrilla">guerrilla</a> campaign opposing both the Bolshevik "Reds" and monarchist "Whites". The <a href="/wiki/Makhnovshchina" title="Makhnovshchina">Makhnovist movement</a> made various tactical military pacts while fighting various reaction forces and organizing an <a href="/wiki/List_of_anarchist_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of anarchist communities">anarchist society</a> committed to resisting state authority, whether <a href="/wiki/Capitalist_state" title="Capitalist state">capitalist</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bolshevik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolshevik">Bolshevik</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OIHMW163_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OIHMW163-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fauresebastien_police.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Fauresebastien_police.jpg/220px-Fauresebastien_police.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Fauresebastien_police.jpg/330px-Fauresebastien_police.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Fauresebastien_police.jpg/440px-Fauresebastien_police.jpg 2x" data-file-width="646" data-file-height="987" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Faure" title="Sébastien Faure">Sébastien Faure</a>, French anarcho-communist proponent of <a href="/wiki/Synthesis_anarchism" title="Synthesis anarchism">synthesis anarchism</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Dielo Truda platform in Spain also met with strong criticism. Miguel Jimenez, a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Anarchist_Federation" title="Iberian Anarchist Federation">Iberian Anarchist Federation</a> (FAI), summarized this as follows: too much influence in it of <a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a>, it erroneously divided and reduced anarchists between individualist anarchists and anarcho-communist sections, and it wanted to unify the anarchist movement along the lines of the anarcho-communists. He saw anarchism as more complex than that, that anarchist tendencies are not mutually exclusive as the platformists saw it and that both individualist and communist views could accommodate anarchosyndicalism.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sébastian Faure had strong contacts in Spain, so his proposal had more impact on Spanish anarchists than the Dielo Truda platform, even though individualist anarchist influence in Spain was less intense than it was in France. The main goal there was reconciling anarcho-communism with anarcho-syndicalism.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish_Revolution_of_1936">Spanish Revolution of 1936</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Spanish Revolution of 1936"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Revolution_of_1936" title="Spanish Revolution of 1936">Spanish Revolution of 1936</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CNT-AIT-FAI.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/CNT-AIT-FAI.jpg/220px-CNT-AIT-FAI.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/CNT-AIT-FAI.jpg/330px-CNT-AIT-FAI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/CNT-AIT-FAI.jpg/440px-CNT-AIT-FAI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="674" /></a><figcaption>CNT-FAI Anarchists during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Revolution_of_1936" title="Spanish Revolution of 1936">Spanish Revolution of 1936</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The most extensive application of anarcho-communist ideas happened in the anarchist territories during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Revolution_of_1936" title="Spanish Revolution of 1936">Spanish Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Spain_1936_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spain_1936-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandera_CNT-FAI.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bandera_CNT-FAI.svg/220px-Bandera_CNT-FAI.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bandera_CNT-FAI.svg/330px-Bandera_CNT-FAI.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bandera_CNT-FAI.svg/440px-Bandera_CNT-FAI.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="215" data-file-height="130" /></a><figcaption>The flag initially designed and used by the <a href="/wiki/Anarcho-syndicalism" title="Anarcho-syndicalism">anarcho-syndicalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Confederaci%C3%B3n_Nacional_del_Trabajo" title="Confederación Nacional del Trabajo">CNT–FAI</a> confederation of <a href="/wiki/Labour_unions" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour unions">labor unions</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> representing the anarchist faction of the conflict. Today, the flag is commonly used by anarcho-communists, anarcho-syndicalists, <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">libertarian socialists</a>, and, more generally, <a href="/wiki/Social_anarchists" class="mw-redirect" title="Social anarchists">social anarchists</a> alike.</figcaption></figure> <p>In Spain, the national anarcho-syndicalist trade union <a href="/wiki/Confederaci%C3%B3n_Nacional_del_Trabajo" title="Confederación Nacional del Trabajo">Confederación Nacional del Trabajo</a> initially refused to join a popular front electoral alliance, and abstention by CNT supporters led to a right-wing election victory. In 1936, the CNT changed its policy, and anarchist votes helped bring the popular front back to power. Months later, the former ruling class responded with an attempted coup causing the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> (1936–1939).<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response to the army rebellion, an <a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Spain" title="Anarchism in Spain">anarchist-inspired</a> movement of peasants and industrial workers, supported by armed militias, took control of <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a> and large areas of rural Spain, where they <a href="/wiki/Collective_farming" title="Collective farming">collectivized</a> the land.<sup id="cite_ref-Bolloten_1984,_p.54_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bolloten_1984,_p.54-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, even before the fascist victory in 1939, the anarchists were losing ground in a bitter struggle with the <a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinists</a>, who controlled the distribution of military aid to the Republican cause from the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. The events known as the Spanish Revolution was a workers' <a href="/wiki/Social_revolution" title="Social revolution">social revolution</a> that began during the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> in 1936 and resulted in the widespread implementation of <a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Spain" title="Anarchism in Spain">anarchist</a> and, more broadly, <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian socialist">libertarian socialist</a> organizational principles throughout various portions of the country for two to three years, primarily <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anarchist_Aragon" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist Aragon">Aragon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andalusia" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a>, and parts of <a href="/wiki/Levante,_Spain" title="Levante, Spain">the Levante</a>. Much of <a href="/wiki/Spain%27s_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Spain's economy">Spain's economy</a> was put under worker control; in <a href="/wiki/Anarchist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist">anarchist</a> strongholds like Catalonia, the figure was as high as 75%, but lower in areas with heavy <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Spain_(main)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Spain (main)">Communist Party of Spain</a> influence, as the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a>-allied party actively resisted attempts at <a href="/wiki/Collectivization" class="mw-redirect" title="Collectivization">collectivization</a> enactment. Factories were run through worker committees, and <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agrarian</a> areas became collectivized and ran as libertarian <a href="/wiki/Commune_(intentional_community)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commune (intentional community)">communes</a>. </p><p>Anarchist <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Leval" title="Gaston Leval">Gaston Leval</a> estimated that about eight million people participated directly or at least indirectly in the Spanish Revolution,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDolgoff1974[httpsarchiveorgdetailsanarchistcollect0000dolgpage6mode1up_6]_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDolgoff1974[httpsarchiveorgdetailsanarchistcollect0000dolgpage6mode1up_6]-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which historian <a href="/wiki/Sam_Dolgoff" title="Sam Dolgoff">Sam Dolgoff</a> claimed was the closest any revolution had come to realizing a free, stateless mass society.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDolgoff19745_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDolgoff19745-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stalinist-led troops suppressed the collectives and persecuted both <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Marxist_Unification" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers' Party of Marxist Unification">dissident Marxists</a> and anarchists.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Museo_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa_cartel_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Museo_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa_cartel_1.jpg/220px-Museo_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa_cartel_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Museo_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa_cartel_1.jpg/330px-Museo_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa_cartel_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Museo_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa_cartel_1.jpg/440px-Museo_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa_cartel_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1671" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">anti-fascist</a> poster from the libertarian socialist factions of <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, Spain, reading "The surveillance of the city must be ensured by the Antifascist Popular Guard" as a warning of <a href="/wiki/Nationalist_faction_(Spanish_Civil_War)" title="Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)">Nationalist</a> terrorism</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_years">Post-war years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-war years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anarcho-communism entered into internal debates over the organization issue in the post-World War II era. Founded in October 1935, the Anarcho-Communist Federation of Argentina (FACA, Federación Anarco-Comunista Argentina) in 1955 renamed itself the <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Libertarian_Federation" title="Argentine Libertarian Federation">Argentine Libertarian Federation</a>. The <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Anarchiste" class="mw-redirect" title="Fédération Anarchiste">Fédération Anarchiste</a> (FA) was founded in Paris on 2 December 1945 and elected the platformist anarcho-communist George Fontenis as its first secretary the following year. It was composed of a majority of activists from the former FA (which supported <a href="/wiki/Volin" title="Volin">Volin</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Synthesis_anarchism" title="Synthesis anarchism">Synthesis</a>) and some members of the former Union Anarchiste, which supported the CNT-FAI support to the Republican government during the Spanish Civil War, as well as some young Resistants. In 1950 a clandestine group formed within the FA called Organisation Pensée Bataille (OPB), led by George Fontenis.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new decision-making process was founded on <a href="/wiki/Unanimity" title="Unanimity">unanimity</a>: each person has a right of veto on the orientations of the federation. The FCL published the same year <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Manifeste du communisme libertaire</i></span>. Several groups quit the FCL in December 1955, disagreeing with the decision to present "revolutionary candidates" to the legislative elections. On 15–20 August 1954, the Ve intercontinental plenum of the CNT took place. A group called <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Entente anarchiste</i></span> appeared, which was formed of militants who did not like the new ideological orientation that the OPB was giving the FCL seeing it was authoritarian and almost Marxist.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The FCL lasted until 1956, just after participating in state legislative elections with ten candidates. This move alienated some members of the FCL and thus produced the end of the organization.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A group of militants who disagreed with the FA turning into FCL reorganized a new Federation Anarchiste established in December 1953.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This included those who formed <i>L'Entente anarchiste,</i> who joined the new FA and then dissolved L'Entente. The new base principles of the FA were written by the individualist anarchist <a href="/wiki/Charles-Auguste_Bontemps" title="Charles-Auguste Bontemps">Charles-Auguste Bontemps</a> and the non-platformist anarcho-communist <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Joyeux" title="Maurice Joyeux">Maurice Joyeux</a> which established an organization with a plurality of tendencies and autonomy of groups organized around <a href="/wiki/Synthesist_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Synthesist anarchism">synthesist principles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to historian Cédric Guérin, the new Federation Anarchiste identity included the unconditional rejection of <a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a>, motivated in significant part by the previous conflict with George Fontenis and his OPB.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1970s, the French <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Anarchiste" class="mw-redirect" title="Fédération Anarchiste">Fédération Anarchiste</a> evolved into a joining of the principles of <a href="/wiki/Synthesis_anarchism" title="Synthesis anarchism">synthesis anarchism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Platformism" title="Platformism">platformism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philosophical_debates">Philosophical debates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Philosophical debates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anarchist communism supports <a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">social ownership</a> of property.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mayne_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayne-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rob Sparrow outlined four main reasons why anarcho-communists oppose patriotism:<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>The belief in equality for all people</li> <li>The use of patriotism to <a href="/wiki/Bourgeois_nationalism" title="Bourgeois nationalism">subjugate the working class</a></li> <li>The association between patriotism and <a href="/wiki/Militarism" title="Militarism">militarism</a></li> <li>The use of patriotism to encourage <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">loyalty to the state</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anarcho-communists" title="Category:Anarcho-communists">Anarcho-communists</a> (category)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communization" title="Communization">Communization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_communism" title="Council communism">Council communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_economy" title="Gift economy">Gift economy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Communism_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian Communism (journal)">Libertarian Communism</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Marxism" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian Marxism">Libertarian Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neozapatismo" title="Neozapatismo">Neozapatismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_libertarianism" title="Outline of libertarianism">Outline of libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refusal_of_work" title="Refusal of work">Refusal of work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_anarchism" title="Social anarchism">Social anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_council" title="Workers' council">Workers' council</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Also known as <b>anarcho-communism</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>libertarian communism</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENettlau1996145_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENettlau1996145-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHodges2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Donald_C._Hodges" title="Donald C. Hodges">Hodges, Donald C.</a> (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pu7zAgAAQBAJ"><i>Sandino's Communism: Spiritual Politics for the Twenty-First Century</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_Press" title="University of Texas Press">University of Texas Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pu7zAgAAQBAJ&q=Anarcho-communism&pg=PA3">3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0292715646" title="Special:BookSources/978-0292715646"><bdi>978-0292715646</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210722044609/https://books.google.com/books?id=Pu7zAgAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 22 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2019</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sandino%27s+Communism%3A+Spiritual+Politics+for+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0292715646&rft.aulast=Hodges&rft.aufirst=Donald+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPu7zAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKinna2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Kinna" title="Ruth Kinna">Kinna, Ruth</a> (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dNuoAwAAQBAJ"><i>The Bloomsbury Companion to Anarchism</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury Publishing</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dNuoAwAAQBAJ&q=Anarcho-communism&pg=PA329">329</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1441142702" title="Special:BookSources/978-1441142702"><bdi>978-1441142702</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210115214158/https://books.google.com/books?id=dNuoAwAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 15 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2019</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bloomsbury+Companion+to+Anarchism&rft.pages=329&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1441142702&rft.aulast=Kinna&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdNuoAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWetherly2017" class="citation book cs1">Wetherly, Paul (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uXfJDgAAQBAJ"><i>Political Ideologies</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uXfJDgAAQBAJ&q=anarcho-communism">130</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uXfJDgAAQBAJ&q=anarcho-communism">137</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uXfJDgAAQBAJ&q=anarcho-communism">424</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0198727859" title="Special:BookSources/978-0198727859"><bdi>978-0198727859</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210722044620/https://books.google.com/books?id=uXfJDgAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 22 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2019</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Ideologies&rft.pages=130%2C+137%2C+424&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0198727859&rft.aulast=Wetherly&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuXfJDgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENettlau1996145-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENettlau1996145_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENettlau1996145_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNettlau1996">Nettlau 1996</a>, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolloten1991" class="citation book cs1">Bolloten, Burnett (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-VarDLHA3_YC&q=%22libertarian%20communism%22&pg=PA65"><i>The Spanish Civil War: Revolution and Counterrevolution</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_Press" title="University of North Carolina Press">University of North Carolina Press</a>. p. 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0807819067" title="Special:BookSources/978-0807819067"><bdi>978-0807819067</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220211095511/https://books.google.com/books?id=-VarDLHA3_YC&q=%22libertarian%20communism%22&pg=PA65">Archived</a> from the original on 11 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2011</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spanish+Civil+War%3A+Revolution+and+Counterrevolution&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=University+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0807819067&rft.aulast=Bolloten&rft.aufirst=Burnett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-VarDLHA3_YC%26q%3D%2522libertarian%2520communism%2522%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPernicone1993111–113-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPernicone1993111–113_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPernicone1993">Pernicone 1993</a>, pp. 111–113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198774–75-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198774–75_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198774–75_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198774–75_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 74–75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkirda2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Skirda" title="Alexandre Skirda">Skirda, Alexandre</a> (2004) [1982]. <i>Nestor Makhno: Anarchy's Cossack</i>. Translated by Sharkey, Paul. Edinburgh: <a href="/wiki/AK_Press" title="AK Press">AK Press</a>. p. 394. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-902593-68-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-902593-68-5"><bdi>1-902593-68-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/58872511">58872511</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nestor+Makhno%3A+Anarchy%27s+Cossack&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pages=394&rft.pub=AK+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F58872511&rft.isbn=1-902593-68-5&rft.aulast=Skirda&rft.aufirst=Alexandre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBookchin2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Bookchin, Murray</a> (2 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211023194646/http://www.revoltlib.com/%3Fid%3D1045"><i>To Remember Spain: The Anarchist and Syndicalist Revolution of 1936</i></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.revoltlib.com/?id=1045">the original</a> on 23 October 2021. <q>In anarchist industrial areas like Catalonia, an estimated three-quarters of the economy was placed under workers' control, as it was in anarchist rural areas like Aragon. [...] In the more thoroughly anarchist areas, particularly among the agrarian collectives, money was eliminated and the material means of life were allocated strictly according to need rather than work, following the traditional precepts of a libertarian communist society.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=To+Remember+Spain%3A+The+Anarchist+and+Syndicalist+Revolution+of+1936&rft.date=2017-02-02&rft.aulast=Bookchin&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.revoltlib.com%2F%3Fid%3D1045&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198761–62-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198761–62_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 61–62.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198762–64-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198762–64_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 62–64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198764–66-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198764–66_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 64–66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198766–67-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198766–67_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 66–67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChattopadhyay2018178–179Graham2019326Pengam198767-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChattopadhyay2018178–179Graham2019326Pengam198767_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChattopadhyay2018">Chattopadhyay 2018</a>, pp. 178–179; <a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, p. 326; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019326–327-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019326–327_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, pp. 326–327.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019327–328-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019327–328_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, pp. 327–328.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019329–332-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019329–332_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, pp. 329–332.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilbur2019217–218-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilbur2019217–218_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilbur2019">Wilbur 2019</a>, pp. 217–218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019332–333Pengam198767-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019332–333Pengam198767_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, pp. 332–333; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019334-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019334_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, p. 334.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019334–336-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019334–336_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, pp. 334–336.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvrich197123Graham2019335–336-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvrich197123Graham2019335–336_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAvrich1971">Avrich 1971</a>, p. 23; <a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, pp. 335–336.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChattopadhyay2018169Pengam198767Pernicone199328Turcato2019238-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChattopadhyay2018169Pengam198767Pernicone199328Turcato2019238_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChattopadhyay2018">Chattopadhyay 2018</a>, p. 169; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, p. 67; <a href="#CITEREFPernicone1993">Pernicone 1993</a>, p. 28; <a href="#CITEREFTurcato2019">Turcato 2019</a>, p. 238.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilbur2019214-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilbur2019214_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilbur2019">Wilbur 2019</a>, p. 214.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107Marshall2008437Pengam198768–69-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107Marshall2008437Pengam198768–69_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEsenwein1989">Esenwein 1989</a>, p. 107; <a href="#CITEREFMarshall2008">Marshall 2008</a>, p. 437; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 68–69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989109Graham2019338Pengam198768–69-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989109Graham2019338Pengam198768–69_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEsenwein1989">Esenwein 1989</a>, p. 109; <a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, p. 338; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 68–69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198768–69-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198768–69_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 68–69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108Marshall2008437Pengam198767–68Pernicone1993111–112-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108Marshall2008437Pengam198767–68Pernicone1993111–112_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEsenwein1989">Esenwein 1989</a>, p. 108; <a href="#CITEREFMarshall2008">Marshall 2008</a>, p. 437; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 67–68; <a href="#CITEREFPernicone1993">Pernicone 1993</a>, pp. 111–112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108Graham2019338Pengam198768Pernicone1993111–112-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108Graham2019338Pengam198768Pernicone1993111–112_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEsenwein1989">Esenwein 1989</a>, p. 108; <a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, p. 338; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, p. 68; <a href="#CITEREFPernicone1993">Pernicone 1993</a>, pp. 111–112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019338Marshall2008437Pengam198768–69Pernicone1993110–111Turcato2019238-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019338Marshall2008437Pengam198768–69Pernicone1993110–111Turcato2019238_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, p. 338; <a href="#CITEREFMarshall2008">Marshall 2008</a>, p. 437; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 68–69; <a href="#CITEREFPernicone1993">Pernicone 1993</a>, pp. 110–111; <a href="#CITEREFTurcato2019">Turcato 2019</a>, p. 238.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107–108Pengam198768–69Pernicone1993110–111Turcato2019238-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107–108Pengam198768–69Pernicone1993110–111Turcato2019238_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEsenwein1989">Esenwein 1989</a>, pp. 107–108; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, pp. 68–69; <a href="#CITEREFPernicone1993">Pernicone 1993</a>, pp. 110–111; <a href="#CITEREFTurcato2019">Turcato 2019</a>, p. 238.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019339Pengam198769-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019339Pengam198769_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, p. 339; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, p. 69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108–109-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989108–109_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEsenwein1989">Esenwein 1989</a>, pp. 108–109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGraham2019340Pengam198769-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGraham2019340Pengam198769_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGraham2019">Graham 2019</a>, p. 340; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, p. 69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107–108Pengam198769-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsenwein1989107–108Pengam198769_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEsenwein1989">Esenwein 1989</a>, pp. 107–108; <a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, p. 69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPengam198775-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPengam198775_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPengam1987">Pengam 1987</a>, p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Goldman-MSF-551-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Goldman-MSF-551_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFalk2005" class="citation book cs1">Falk, Candace, ed. (2005). <i>Emma Goldman: A Documentary History of the American Years, Vol. 2: Making Speech Free, 1902–1909</i>. University of California Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=maVVkiKG3nQC&pg=PA551">551</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-22569-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-22569-5"><bdi>978-0-520-22569-5</bdi></a>. <q><i>Free Society</i> was the principal English-language forum for anarchist ideas in the United States at the beginning of the twentieth century.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emma+Goldman%3A+A+Documentary+History+of+the+American+Years%2C+Vol.+2%3A+Making+Speech+Free%2C+1902%E2%80%931909&rft.pages=551&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-520-22569-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENettlau1996162-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENettlau1996162_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNettlau1996">Nettlau 1996</a>, p. 162.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYekelchyk2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Serhy_Yekelchyk" title="Serhy Yekelchyk">Yekelchyk, Serhy</a> (2007). <i>Ukraine : Birth of a Modern Nation</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530546-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530546-3"><bdi>978-0-19-530546-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ukraine+%3A+Birth+of+a+Modern+Nation&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-530546-3&rft.aulast=Yekelchyk&rft.aufirst=Serhy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OIHMW163-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OIHMW163_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTownshend1997" class="citation book cs1">Townshend, Charles, ed. (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordillustrate0000unse_i3j8"><i>The Oxford Illustrated History of Modern War</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordillustrate0000unse_i3j8/page/163/mode/1up">163</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0198204275" title="Special:BookSources/978-0198204275"><bdi>978-0198204275</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Illustrated+History+of+Modern+War&rft.pages=163&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0198204275&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordillustrate0000unse_i3j8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGarner2008">Garner 2008</a>: "Jiménez evitó ahondar demasiado en sus críticas hacia la naturaleza abiertamente marxista de algunas partes de la Plataforma, limitándose a aludir a la crítica de Santillán en La Protesta, que afirmaba que los rusos no habían sido el único grupo responsable de permitir la infiltración de las ideas marxistas, lo que iba claramente dirigido a los sindicalistas de España17. Jiménez aceptó que la Plataforma había sido un intento encomiable de resolver el eterno problema de la desunión dentro de las filas anarquistas, pero consideraba que el programa ruso tenía sus defectos. La Plataforma se basaba en una premisa errónea sobre la naturaleza de las tendencias dentro del movimiento anarquista: dividía a los anarquistas en dos grupos diferentes, individualistas y comunistas, y con ello rechazaba la influencia de los primeros y proponía la unificación del movimiento anarquista en torno a la ideas de los segundos. Jiménez afirmaba que la realidad era mucho más compleja: esas diferentes tendencias dentro del movimiento anarquista no eran contradictorias ni excluyentes. Por ejemplo, era posible encontrar elementos en ambos grupos que apoyaran las tácticas del anarcosindicalismo. Por tanto, rechazaba el principal argumento de los plataformistas según el cual las diferentes tendencias se excluían entre sí."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGarner2008">Garner 2008</a>: "Debido a sus contactos e influencia con el movimiento del exilio español, la propuesta de Faure arraigó más en los círculos españoles que la Plataforma, y fue publicada en las prensas libertarias tanto en España como en Bélgica25. En esencia, Faure intentaba reunir a la familia anarquista sin imponer la rígida estructura que proponía la Plataforma, y en España se aceptó así. Opuesta a la situación de Francia, en España la influencia del anarquismo individualista no fue un motivo serio de ruptura. Aunque las ideas de ciertos individualistas como Han Ryner y Émile Armand tuvieron cierto impacto sobre el anarquismo español, afectaron sólo a aspectos como el sexo y el amor libre."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spain_1936-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Spain_1936_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBookchin2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Bookchin, Murray</a> (2 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211023194646/http://www.revoltlib.com/%3Fid%3D1045"><i>To Remember Spain: The Anarchist and Syndicalist Revolution of 1936</i></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.revoltlib.com/?id=1045">the original</a> on 23 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=To+Remember+Spain%3A+The+Anarchist+and+Syndicalist+Revolution+of+1936&rft.date=2017-02-02&rft.aulast=Bookchin&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.revoltlib.com%2F%3Fid%3D1045&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeevor2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Antony_Beevor" title="Antony Beevor">Beevor, Antony</a> (2006). <i>The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Weidenfeld_%26_Nicolson" title="Weidenfeld & Nicolson">Weidenfeld & Nicolson</a>. p. 46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0297848325" title="Special:BookSources/978-0297848325"><bdi>978-0297848325</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Battle+for+Spain%3A+The+Spanish+Civil+War+1936%E2%80%931939&rft.place=London&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0297848325&rft.aulast=Beevor&rft.aufirst=Antony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bolloten_1984,_p.54-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bolloten_1984,_p.54_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolloten1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Burnett_Bolloten" title="Burnett Bolloten">Bolloten, Burnett</a> (1984). <i>The Spanish Civil War: Revolution and Counterrevolution</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_Press" title="University of North Carolina Press">University of North Carolina Press</a>. p. 1107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8078-6043-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8078-6043-4"><bdi>978-0-8078-6043-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spanish+Civil+War%3A+Revolution+and+Counterrevolution&rft.pages=1107&rft.pub=University+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-8078-6043-4&rft.aulast=Bolloten&rft.aufirst=Burnett&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDolgoff1974[httpsarchiveorgdetailsanarchistcollect0000dolgpage6mode1up_6]-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDolgoff1974[httpsarchiveorgdetailsanarchistcollect0000dolgpage6mode1up_6]_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDolgoff1974">Dolgoff 1974</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anarchistcollect0000dolg/page/6/mode/1up">6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDolgoff19745-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDolgoff19745_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDolgoff1974">Dolgoff 1974</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirchall2004" class="citation book cs1">Birchall, Ian (2004). <i>Sartre Against Stalinism</i>. <a href="/wiki/Berghahn_Books" title="Berghahn Books">Berghahn Books</a>. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1571815422" title="Special:BookSources/978-1571815422"><bdi>978-1571815422</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sartre+Against+Stalinism&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1571815422&rft.aulast=Birchall&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuérin2000_50-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuérin2000">Guérin 2000</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuérin2000">Guérin 2000</a>: "Si la critique de la déviation autoritaire de la FA est le principal fait de ralliement, on peut ressentir dès le premier numéro un état d'esprit qui va longtemps coller à la peau des anarchistes français. Cet état d'esprit se caractérise ainsi sous une double forme : d'une part un rejet inconditionnel de l'ennemi marxiste, d'autre part des questions sur le rôle des anciens et de l'évolution idéologique de l'anarchisme. C'est Fernand Robert qui attaque le premier : "Le LIB est devenu un journal marxiste. En continuant à le soutenir, tout en reconnaissant qu'il ne nous plaît pas, vous faîtes une mauvaise action contre votre idéal anarchiste. Vous donnez la main à vos ennemis dans la pensée. Même si la FA disparaît, même si le LIB disparaît, l'anarchie y gagnera. Le marxisme ne représente plus rien. Il faut le mettre bas; je pense la même chose des dirigeants actuels de la FA. L'ennemi se glisse partout."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteele1992" class="citation book cs1">Steele, David Ramsay (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_1K6AAAAIAAJ"><i>From Marx to Mises: Post-capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation</i></a>. Open Court. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87548-449-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87548-449-5"><bdi>978-0-87548-449-5</bdi></a>. <q>One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Marx+to+Mises%3A+Post-capitalist+Society+and+the+Challenge+of+Economic+Calculation&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Open+Court&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-87548-449-5&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=David+Ramsay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_1K6AAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mayne-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mayne_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMayne1999" class="citation book cs1">Mayne, Alan James (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6MkTz6Rq7wUC&q=Communist+anarchism+belives+in+collective+ownership&pg=PA131"><i>From Politics Past to Politics Future: An Integrated Analysis of Current and Emergent Paradigms</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Greenwood_Publishing_Group" title="Greenwood Publishing Group">Greenwood Publishing Group</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0275961510" title="Special:BookSources/978-0275961510"><bdi>978-0275961510</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210327103934/https://books.google.com/books?id=6MkTz6Rq7wUC&q=Communist+anarchism+belives+in+collective+ownership&pg=PA131">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Politics+Past+to+Politics+Future%3A+An+Integrated+Analysis+of+Current+and+Emergent+Paradigms&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0275961510&rft.aulast=Mayne&rft.aufirst=Alan+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6MkTz6Rq7wUC%26q%3DCommunist%2Banarchism%2Bbelives%2Bin%2Bcollective%2Bownership%26pg%3DPA131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrimoratzPavković2007" class="citation book cs1">Primoratz, Igor; Pavković, Aleksandar (2007). <i>Patriotism : philosophical and political perspectives</i>. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-8978-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-8978-2"><bdi>978-0-7546-8978-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/318534708">318534708</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patriotism+%3A+philosophical+and+political+perspectives&rft.place=Aldershot%2C+England&rft.pub=Ashgate&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F318534708&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-8978-2&rft.aulast=Primoratz&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.au=Pavkovi%C4%87%2C+Aleksandar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAvrich1971" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Avrich" title="Paul Avrich">Avrich, Paul</a> (1971) [1967]. <a href="/wiki/The_Russian_Anarchists" title="The Russian Anarchists"><i>The Russian Anarchists</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Princeton,_New_Jersey" title="Princeton, New Jersey">Princeton</a>: <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-00766-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-00766-7"><bdi>0-691-00766-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1154930946">1154930946</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Russian+Anarchists&rft.place=Princeton&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1971&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1154930946&rft.isbn=0-691-00766-7&rft.aulast=Avrich&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerkman1972" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Berkman" title="Alexander Berkman">Berkman, Alexander</a> (1972) [1929]. <a href="/wiki/Now_and_After" title="Now and After"><i>What is Communist Anarchism?</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dover_Publications" title="Dover Publications">Dover Publications</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-486-22839-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-486-22839-8"><bdi>0-486-22839-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/79-188813">79-188813</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/573111">573111</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+is+Communist+Anarchism%3F&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Dover+Publications&rft.date=1972&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F573111&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F79-188813&rft.isbn=0-486-22839-8&rft.aulast=Berkman&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChattopadhyay2018" class="citation book cs1">Chattopadhyay, Paresh (2018). "Anarchist Communism". <i>Socialism and Commodity Production</i>. <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>: <a href="/wiki/Brill_(publisher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill (publisher)">Brill</a>. pp. 169–185. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004377516_008">10.1163/9789004377516_008</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004377516" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004377516"><bdi>978-9004377516</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anarchist+Communism&rft.btitle=Socialism+and+Commodity+Production&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=169-185&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004377516_008&rft.isbn=978-9004377516&rft.aulast=Chattopadhyay&rft.aufirst=Paresh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolgoff1974" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Dolgoff" title="Sam Dolgoff">Dolgoff, Sam</a> (1974). <a href="/wiki/The_Anarchist_Collectives" title="The Anarchist Collectives"><i>The Anarchist Collectives: Workers' Self-Management in the Spanish Revolution</i></a>. Free Life Editions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-914156-03-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-914156-03-9"><bdi>0-914156-03-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/73-88239">73-88239</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Anarchist+Collectives%3A+Workers%27+Self-Management+in+the+Spanish+Revolution&rft.pub=Free+Life+Editions&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F73-88239&rft.isbn=0-914156-03-9&rft.aulast=Dolgoff&rft.aufirst=Sam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsenwein1989" class="citation book cs1">Esenwein, George Richard (1989). <i>Anarchist Ideology and the Working-class Movement in Spain, 1868–1898</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0520063983" title="Special:BookSources/978-0520063983"><bdi>978-0520063983</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anarchist+Ideology+and+the+Working-class+Movement+in+Spain%2C+1868%E2%80%931898&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0520063983&rft.aulast=Esenwein&rft.aufirst=George+Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarner2008" class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Garner, Jason (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121031042738/http://www.acracia.org/Acracia/La_busqueda_de_la_unidad_anarquista.html">"La búsqueda de la unidad anarquista: la Federación Anarquista Ibérica antes de la II República"</a>. <i>Germinal. Revista de Estudios Libertarios</i> (in Spanish). No. 6. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acracia.org/Acracia/La_busqueda_de_la_unidad_anarquista.html">the original</a> on 31 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Germinal.+Revista+de+Estudios+Libertarios&rft.atitle=La+b%C3%BAsqueda+de+la+unidad+anarquista%3A+la+Federaci%C3%B3n+Anarquista+Ib%C3%A9rica+antes+de+la+II+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.issue=6&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Garner&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acracia.org%2FAcracia%2FLa_busqueda_de_la_unidad_anarquista.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraham2019" class="citation book cs1">Graham, Robert (2019). "Anarchism and the First International". In Adams, Matthew S.; Levy, Carl (eds.). <i>The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism</i>. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 325–342. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-75620-2_19">10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_19</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3319756196" title="Special:BookSources/978-3319756196"><bdi>978-3319756196</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158605651">158605651</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anarchism+and+the+First+International&rft.btitle=The+Palgrave+Handbook+of+Anarchism&rft.place=London&rft.pages=325-342&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A158605651%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-319-75620-2_19&rft.isbn=978-3319756196&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuérin2000" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Guérin, Cédric (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930014916/http://public.federation-anarchiste.org/IMG/pdf/Cedric_Guerin_Histoire_du_mvt_libertaire_1950_1970.pdf">"Pensée et action des anarchistes en France : 1950–1970"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in French). University of Lille III. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://public.federation-anarchiste.org/IMG/pdf/Cedric_Guerin_Histoire_du_mvt_libertaire_1950_1970.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 30 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pens%C3%A9e+et+action+des+anarchistes+en+France+%3A+1950%E2%80%931970&rft.pub=University+of+Lille+III&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Gu%C3%A9rin&rft.aufirst=C%C3%A9dric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublic.federation-anarchiste.org%2FIMG%2Fpdf%2FCedric_Guerin_Histoire_du_mvt_libertaire_1950_1970.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKropotkin1901" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin, Peter</a> (1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theanarchistlibrary.org/library/petr-kropotkin-communism-and-anarchy">"Communism and Anarchy"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230702232904/https://www.theanarchistlibrary.org/library/petr-kropotkin-communism-and-anarchy">Archived</a> from the original on 2 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2023</span> – via The Anarchist Library.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Communism+and+Anarchy&rft.date=1901&rft.aulast=Kropotkin&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theanarchistlibrary.org%2Flibrary%2Fpetr-kropotkin-communism-and-anarchy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Marshall_(author)" title="Peter Marshall (author)">Marshall, Peter H.</a> (2008) [1992]. <i><a href="/wiki/Demanding_the_Impossible" title="Demanding the Impossible">Demanding the Impossible: A History of Anarchism</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: <a href="/wiki/Harper_Perennial" title="Harper Perennial">Harper Perennial</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-00-686245-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-00-686245-1"><bdi>978-0-00-686245-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/218212571">218212571</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Demanding+the+Impossible%3A+A+History+of+Anarchism&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Harper+Perennial&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F218212571&rft.isbn=978-0-00-686245-1&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Peter+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNettlau1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Max_Nettlau" title="Max Nettlau">Nettlau, Max</a> (1996). <i>A Short History of Anarchism</i>. Freedom Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0900384899" title="Special:BookSources/978-0900384899"><bdi>978-0900384899</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Short+History+of+Anarchism&rft.pub=Freedom+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0900384899&rft.aulast=Nettlau&rft.aufirst=Max&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPengam1987" class="citation book cs1">Pengam, Alain (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dqmvCwAAQBAJ&q=anarcho-communism+stateless+communism&pg=PA60">"Anarcho-Communism"</a>. In Ribel, Maximilien; Crump, John (eds.). <i>Non-Market Socialism in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries</i>. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 60–82. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-349-18775-1_4">10.1007/978-1-349-18775-1_4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-349-18775-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-349-18775-1"><bdi>978-1-349-18775-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anarcho-Communism&rft.btitle=Non-Market+Socialism+in+the+Nineteenth+and+Twentieth+Centuries&rft.pages=60-82&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-1-349-18775-1_4&rft.isbn=978-1-349-18775-1&rft.aulast=Pengam&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdqmvCwAAQBAJ%26q%3Danarcho-communism%2Bstateless%2Bcommunism%26pg%3DPA60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPernicone1993" class="citation book cs1">Pernicone, Nunzio (1993). <i>Italian Anarchism, 1864–1892</i>. <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-05692-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-05692-7"><bdi>0-691-05692-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/92-46661">92-46661</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Italian+Anarchism%2C+1864%E2%80%931892&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F92-46661&rft.isbn=0-691-05692-7&rft.aulast=Pernicone&rft.aufirst=Nunzio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurcato2019" class="citation book cs1">Turcato, Davide (2019). "Anarchist Communism". In Adams, Matthew S.; Levy, Carl (eds.). <i>The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism</i>. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 237–248. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-75620-2_13">10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_13</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3319756196" title="Special:BookSources/978-3319756196"><bdi>978-3319756196</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:242094330">242094330</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anarchist+Communism&rft.btitle=The+Palgrave+Handbook+of+Anarchism&rft.place=London&rft.pages=237-248&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A242094330%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-319-75620-2_13&rft.isbn=978-3319756196&rft.aulast=Turcato&rft.aufirst=Davide&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilbur2019" class="citation book cs1">Wilbur, Shawn P. (2019). "Mutualism". In Adams, Matthew S.; Levy, Carl (eds.). <i>The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism</i>. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 213–224. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-75620-2_11">10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_11</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3319756196" title="Special:BookSources/978-3319756196"><bdi>978-3319756196</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:242074567">242074567</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mutualism&rft.btitle=The+Palgrave+Handbook+of+Anarchism&rft.place=London&rft.pages=213-224&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A242074567%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-319-75620-2_11&rft.isbn=978-3319756196&rft.aulast=Wilbur&rft.aufirst=Shawn+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArshinovMakhnoMett2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Arshinov" title="Peter Arshinov">Arshinov, Peter</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno, Nestor</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ida_Mett" title="Ida Mett">Mett, Ida</a>; et al. (2006) [1926]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nestormakhno.info/english/newplatform/org_plat.htm"><i>The Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists</i></a>. Translated by McNab, Nestor. <a href="/wiki/Delo_Truda" title="Delo Truda">Delo Truda</a> – via The Nestor Makhno Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Organizational+Platform+of+the+General+Union+of+Anarchists&rft.pub=Delo+Truda&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Arshinov&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Makhno%2C+Nestor&rft.au=Mett%2C+Ida&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nestormakhno.info%2Fenglish%2Fnewplatform%2Forg_plat.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBookchin1978" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Bookchin, Murray</a> (1978). <a href="/wiki/The_Spanish_Anarchists" title="The Spanish Anarchists"><i>The Spanish Anarchists</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Harper_(publisher)" title="Harper (publisher)">Harper & Row</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-090607-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-090607-3"><bdi>0-06-090607-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spanish+Anarchists&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0-06-090607-3&rft.aulast=Bookchin&rft.aufirst=Murray&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCafiero2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Cafiero" title="Carlo Cafiero">Cafiero, Carlo</a> (2005) [1880]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/subject/anarchism/cafiero/anarchy-communism.htm">"Anarchy and Communism"</a>. In Graham, Robert (ed.). <a href="/wiki/Anarchism:_A_Documentary_History_of_Libertarian_Ideas" title="Anarchism: A Documentary History of Libertarian Ideas"><i>Anarchism: A Documentary History of Libertarian Ideas</i></a>. Vol. 1. <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Black_Rose_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Rose Books">Black Rose Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55164-250-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-55164-250-6"><bdi>1-55164-250-6</bdi></a> – via <a href="/wiki/Marxists_Internet_Archive" title="Marxists Internet Archive">Marxists Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anarchy+and+Communism&rft.btitle=Anarchism%3A+A+Documentary+History+of+Libertarian+Ideas&rft.place=Montreal&rft.pub=Black+Rose+Books&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-55164-250-6&rft.aulast=Cafiero&rft.aufirst=Carlo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Fsubject%2Fanarchism%2Fcafiero%2Fanarchy-communism.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDéjacque2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_D%C3%A9jacque" title="Joseph Déjacque">Déjacque, Joseph</a> (2012) [1854]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.libertarian-labyrinth.org/working-translations/joseph-dejacque-the-revolutionary-question/"><i>The Revolutionary Question</i></a>. Translated by Wilbur, Shawn P. – via The Libertarian Labyrinth.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Revolutionary+Question&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=D%C3%A9jacque&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.libertarian-labyrinth.org%2Fworking-translations%2Fjoseph-dejacque-the-revolutionary-question%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDéjacque2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_D%C3%A9jacque" title="Joseph Déjacque">Déjacque, Joseph</a> (2012) [1858]. Hartman, Janine C.; Lause, Mark A. 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"Théodore Dézamy: Philosophy of the Current Crisis". In Corcoran, Paul E. (ed.). <i>Before Marx: Socialism and Communism in France, 1830–48</i>. <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan</a>. pp. 188–196. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-349-17146-0_4">10.1007/978-1-349-17146-0_4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-349-17146-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-349-17146-0"><bdi>978-1-349-17146-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Th%C3%A9odore+D%C3%A9zamy%3A+Philosophy+of+the+Current+Crisis&rft.btitle=Before+Marx%3A+Socialism+and+Communism+in+France%2C+1830%E2%80%9348&rft.pages=188-196&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-1-349-17146-0_4&rft.isbn=978-1-349-17146-0&rft.aulast=D%C3%A9zamy&rft.aufirst=Th%C3%A9odore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlores_Magón1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Flores_Mag%C3%B3n" title="Ricardo Flores Magón">Flores Magón, Ricardo</a> (1977). Poole, David (ed.). <i>Land and liberty: anarchist influences in the Mexican revolution</i>. <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Black_Rose_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Rose Books">Black Rose Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-919-61830-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-919-61830-8"><bdi>0-919-61830-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4916961">4916961</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Land+and+liberty%3A+anarchist+influences+in+the+Mexican+revolution&rft.place=Montreal&rft.pub=Black+Rose+Books&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4916961&rft.isbn=0-919-61830-8&rft.aulast=Flores+Mag%C3%B3n&rft.aufirst=Ricardo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalleani1982" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Galleani" title="Luigi Galleani">Galleani, Luigi</a> (1982) [1925]. <i>The End of Anarchism?</i>. Translated by Sartin, Max; D’Attilio, Robert. <a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cienfuegos_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Cienfuegos Press">Cienfuegos Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/10323698">10323698</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+End+of+Anarchism%3F&rft.place=Orkney&rft.pub=Cienfuegos+Press&rft.date=1982&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F10323698&rft.aulast=Galleani&rft.aufirst=Luigi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKinna2012" class="citation book cs1">Kinna, Ruth (December 2012). "Anarchism, Individualism and Communism: William Morris's Critique of Anarcho-communism". 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In <a href="/wiki/Roger_Nash_Baldwin" title="Roger Nash Baldwin">Baldwin, Roger Nash</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/kropotkinsrevolu00krop"><i>Kropotkin's Revolutionary Pamphlets</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dover_Publications" title="Dover Publications">Dover Publications</a>. pp. 44–78. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/77-111606">77-111606</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/943046641">943046641</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anarchist+Communism%3A+Its+Basis+and+Principles&rft.btitle=Kropotkin%27s+Revolutionary+Pamphlets&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=44-78&rft.pub=Dover+Publications&rft.date=1970&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F943046641&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F77-111606&rft.aulast=Kropotkin&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdwardmac.pitzer.edu%2Fanarchist_archives%2Fkropotkin%2Frevpamphlets%2Fanarchistcommunism.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKropotkin1970b" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin, Peter</a> (1970b) [1927]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/anarchist_archives/kropotkin/philandideal.html">"Anarchism: Its Philosophy and Ideal"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Roger_Nash_Baldwin" title="Roger Nash Baldwin">Baldwin, Roger Nash</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/kropotkinsrevolu00krop"><i>Kropotkin's Revolutionary Pamphlets</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dover_Publications" title="Dover Publications">Dover Publications</a>. pp. 114–144. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/77-111606">77-111606</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/943046641">943046641</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anarchism%3A+Its+Philosophy+and+Ideal&rft.btitle=Kropotkin%27s+Revolutionary+Pamphlets&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=114-144&rft.pub=Dover+Publications&rft.date=1970&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F943046641&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F77-111606&rft.aulast=Kropotkin&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdwardmac.pitzer.edu%2Fanarchist_archives%2Fkropotkin%2Fphilandideal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMclaughlin2007" class="citation book cs1">Mclaughlin, Paul (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kkj5i3CeGbQC"><i>Anarchism and Authority: A Philosophical Introduction to Classical Anarchism</i></a>. Aldershot: <a href="/wiki/Ashgate_Publishing" title="Ashgate Publishing">Ashgate Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-6196-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-6196-2"><bdi>978-0-7546-6196-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2007007973">2007007973</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anarchism+and+Authority%3A+A+Philosophical+Introduction+to+Classical+Anarchism&rft.place=Aldershot&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2007007973&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-6196-2&rft.aulast=Mclaughlin&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dkkj5i3CeGbQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalatesta2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Malatesta, Errico</a> (2014). 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Translated by Sharkey, Paul. <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>: <a href="/wiki/AK_Press" title="AK Press">AK Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1849351447" title="Special:BookSources/978-1849351447"><bdi>978-1849351447</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/859185688">859185688</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Method+of+Freedom&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=AK+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F859185688&rft.isbn=978-1849351447&rft.aulast=Malatesta&rft.aufirst=Errico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalatesta2016" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Malatesta, Errico</a> (2016). Turcato, David (ed.). <i>The Complete Works of Errico Malatesta</i>. Translated by Sharkey, Paul. <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>: <a href="/wiki/AK_Press" title="AK Press">AK Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1849352581" title="Special:BookSources/978-1849352581"><bdi>978-1849352581</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/974145362">974145362</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Works+of+Errico+Malatesta&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=AK+Press&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F974145362&rft.isbn=978-1849352581&rft.aulast=Malatesta&rft.aufirst=Errico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNappalos2012" class="citation book cs1">Nappalos, Scott (2012). "Ditching Class: The Praxis of Anarchist Communist Economics". In Shannon, Deric; Nocella, Anthony J.; Asimakopoulos, John (eds.). <i>The Accumulation of Freedom: Writings on Anarchist Economics</i>. <a href="/wiki/AK_Press" title="AK Press">AK Press</a>. pp. 291–312. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84935-094-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84935-094-5"><bdi>978-1-84935-094-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2011936250">2011936250</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ditching+Class%3A+The+Praxis+of+Anarchist+Communist+Economics&rft.btitle=The+Accumulation+of+Freedom%3A+Writings+on+Anarchist+Economics&rft.pages=291-312&rft.pub=AK+Press&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2011936250&rft.isbn=978-1-84935-094-5&rft.aulast=Nappalos&rft.aufirst=Scott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPuente1982" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Puente" title="Isaac Puente">Puente, Isaac</a> (1982) [1932]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libcom.org/article/libertarian-communism-isaac-puente">"Libertarian Communism"</a>. <i>Anarchist Review</i>. No. 6. <a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cienfuegos_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Cienfuegos Press">Cienfuegos Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anarchist+Review&rft.atitle=Libertarian+Communism&rft.issue=6&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Puente&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibcom.org%2Farticle%2Flibertarian-communism-isaac-puente&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamnath2019" class="citation book cs1">Ramnath, Maia (2019). "Non-Western Anarchisms and Postcolonialism". In Adams, Matthew S.; Levy, Carl (eds.). <i>The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism</i>. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 677–695. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-75620-2_38">10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_38</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3319756196" title="Special:BookSources/978-3319756196"><bdi>978-3319756196</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:150357033">150357033</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Non-Western+Anarchisms+and+Postcolonialism&rft.btitle=The+Palgrave+Handbook+of+Anarchism&rft.place=London&rft.pages=677-695&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A150357033%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-319-75620-2_38&rft.isbn=978-3319756196&rft.aulast=Ramnath&rft.aufirst=Maia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShannon2019" class="citation book cs1">Shannon, Deric (2019). "Anti-Capitalism and Libertarian Political Economy". In Adams, Matthew S.; Levy, Carl (eds.). <i>The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism</i>. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 91–106. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-75620-2_5">10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_5</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3319756196" title="Special:BookSources/978-3319756196"><bdi>978-3319756196</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158841066">158841066</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anti-Capitalism+and+Libertarian+Political+Economy&rft.btitle=The+Palgrave+Handbook+of+Anarchism&rft.place=London&rft.pages=91-106&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A158841066%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-319-75620-2_5&rft.isbn=978-3319756196&rft.aulast=Shannon&rft.aufirst=Deric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnarchist+communism" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarchist_communism&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anarkismo.net/">Anarkismo.net</a> – anarchist communist news maintained by platformist organizations with discussion and theory from across the globe</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theanarchistlibrary.org/category/topic/anarcho-communism">Anarchocommunism texts at The Anarchist Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/30571222">Kropotkin: The Coming Revolution</a> – short documentary to introduce the idea of anarcho-communism in Peter Kropotkin's own words</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 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.portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/19px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/29px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/38px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="456" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Anarchism" title="Portal:Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/19px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/29px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/38px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="diagram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png/19px-Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png/29px-Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png/38px-Libertarianism-groups-diagram.png 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="647" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Libertarianism" title="Portal:Libertarianism">Libertarianism</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/21px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/42px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anarchist_communism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anarchist_communism" title="Template:Anarchist communism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anarchist_communism" title="Template talk:Anarchist communism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anarchist_communism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anarchist communism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anarchist_communism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anarchist communism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchy" title="Anarchy">Anarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-authoritarianism" title="Anti-authoritarianism">Anti-authoritarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-capitalism" title="Anti-capitalism">Anti-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-statism" title="Anti-statism">Anti-statism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_consciousness" title="Class consciousness">Class consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class struggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classless_society" title="Classless society">Classless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common-pool_resource" title="Common-pool resource">Common resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons" title="Commons">Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consensus_decision-making" title="Consensus decision-making">Consensus decision-making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-operative_economics" title="Co-operative economics">Co-operative economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egalitarian_community" title="Egalitarian community">Egalitarian community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_of_producers" title="Free association of producers">Free association</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Give-away_shop" title="Give-away shop">Give-away shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_strike" title="General strike">General strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_economy" title="Gift economy">Gift economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_abolitionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Market abolitionism">Market abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_aid_(organization_theory)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutual aid (organization theory)">Mutual aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefigurative_politics" title="Prefigurative politics">Prefigurative politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_communism" title="Primitive communism">Primitive communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateless_society" title="Stateless society">Stateless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worker_cooperative" title="Worker cooperative">Worker cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_control" title="Workers' control">Workers' control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_council" title="Workers' council">Workers' council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wage_slavery" title="Wage slavery">Wage slavery</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Red_star#Use_by_socialist_or_revolutionary_organizations" title="Red star"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Rb-star.svg/75px-Rb-star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Rb-star.svg/113px-Rb-star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Rb-star.svg/150px-Rb-star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="952" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Anarcho-communists" title="Category:Anarcho-communists">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Berkman" title="Alexander Berkman">Alexander Berkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Murray Bookchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Cafiero" title="Carlo Cafiero">Carlo Cafiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Covelli" title="Emilio Covelli">Emilio Covelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_D%C3%A9jacque" title="Joseph Déjacque">Joseph Déjacque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarissa_Dixon" title="Clarissa Dixon">Clarissa Dixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buenaventura_Durruti" title="Buenaventura Durruti">Buenaventura Durruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Faure" title="Sébastien Faure">Sébastien Faure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iosif_Bleikhman" title="Iosif Bleikhman">Iosif Bleikhman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Galleani" title="Luigi Galleani">Luigi Galleani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Goldman" title="Emma Goldman">Emma Goldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Peter Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Flores_Mag%C3%B3n" title="Ricardo Flores Magón">Ricardo Flores Magón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Nestor Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Errico Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Meltzer" title="Albert Meltzer">Albert Meltzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volin" title="Volin">Volin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizational forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insurrectionary_anarchism" title="Insurrectionary anarchism">Insurrectionary anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platformism" title="Platformism">Platformism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesis_anarchism" title="Synthesis anarchism">Synthesis federations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theoretical works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_Other_Essays" title="Anarchism and Other Essays">Anarchism and Other Essays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Conquest_of_Bread" title="The Conquest of Bread">The Conquest of Bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fields,_Factories,_and_Workshops" title="Fields, Factories, and Workshops">Fields, Factories, and Workshops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_Aid:_A_Factor_of_Evolution" title="Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution">Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Now_and_After" title="Now and After">Now and After</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Scarcity_Anarchism" title="Post-Scarcity Anarchism">Post-Scarcity Anarchism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomism" title="Autonomism">Autonomism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communization" title="Communization">Communization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_communism" title="Council communism">Council communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_communism" title="Left communism">Left communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">Libertarian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_anarchism" title="Social anarchism">Social anarchism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 0 #aaa;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anarchy-symbol-red.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Anarchy-symbol-red.svg/10px-Anarchy-symbol-red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Anarchy-symbol-red.svg/15px-Anarchy-symbol-red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Anarchy-symbol-red.svg/20px-Anarchy-symbol-red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Anarchism" title="Portal:Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/10px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/15px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/20px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/10px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/15px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/20px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anarchism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anarchism" title="Template:Anarchism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anarchism" title="Template talk:Anarchism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anarchism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anarchism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anarchism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Anarchist_theory" title="Category:Anarchist theory">Concepts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchy" title="Anarchy">Anarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_Black_Cross" title="Anarchist Black Cross">Anarchist Black Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_criminology" title="Anarchist criminology">Anarchist criminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anationalism">Anationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-authoritarianism" title="Anti-authoritarianism">Anti-authoritarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-capitalism" title="Anti-capitalism">Anti-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antimilitarism" title="Antimilitarism">Anti-militarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affinity_group" title="Affinity group">Affinity group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_social_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous social center">Autonomous social center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_bloc" title="Black bloc">Black bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classless_society" title="Classless society">Classless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class struggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consensus_decision-making" title="Consensus decision-making">Consensus decision-making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">Conscientious objector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_work" title="Critique of work">Critique of work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decentralization" title="Decentralization">Decentralization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_ecology" title="Deep ecology">Deep ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">Direct action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_love" title="Free love">Free love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freethought" title="Freethought">Freethought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizontalidad" title="Horizontalidad">Horizontalidad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">Individualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_law" title="Anarchist law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_aid_(organization_theory)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutual aid (organization theory)">Mutual aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Participatory politics">Participatory politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_autonomous_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Permanent autonomous zone">Permanent autonomous zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefigurative_politics" title="Prefigurative politics">Prefigurative politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_of_the_deed" title="Propaganda of the deed">Propaganda of the deed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refusal_of_work" title="Refusal of work">Refusal of work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution" title="Revolution">Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rewilding_(anarchism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rewilding (anarchism)">Rewilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabotage" title="Sabotage">Sabotage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_culture" title="Security culture">Security culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-ownership" title="Self-ownership">Self-ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_ecology_(Bookchin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Social ecology (Bookchin)">Social ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociocracy" title="Sociocracy">Sociocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somatherapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Somatherapy">Somatherapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spontaneous_order" title="Spontaneous order">Spontaneous order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting" title="Squatting">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temporary_Autonomous_Zone" title="Temporary Autonomous Zone">Temporary autonomous zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_egoists" title="Union of egoists">Union of egoists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voluntary_association" title="Voluntary association">Voluntary association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_council" title="Workers' council">Workers' council</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Issues_in_anarchism" title="Category:Issues in anarchism">Issues</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_animal_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchism and animal rights">Animal rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_capitalism" title="Anarchism and capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_education" title="Anarchism and education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_issues_related_to_love_and_sex" title="Anarchism and issues related to love and sex">Love and sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_nationalism" title="Anarchism and nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_religion" title="Anarchism and religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_violence" title="Anarchism and violence">Violence</a></li></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Anarchist_schools_of_thought" title="Category:Anarchist schools of thought">Schools of thought</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Classical_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical anarchism">Classical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualist_anarchism" title="Individualist anarchism">Individualist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egoist_anarchism" title="Egoist anarchism">Egoist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegalism" title="Illegalism">Illegalist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-naturism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarcho-naturism">Naturist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_anarchism" title="Philosophical anarchism">Philosophical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutualism_(economic_theory)" title="Mutualism (economic theory)">Mutualist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_anarchism" title="Social anarchism">Social</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collectivist_anarchism" title="Collectivist anarchism">Collectivist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-communism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarcho-communism">Communist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magonism" title="Magonism">Magonist</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Post-classical_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-classical anarchism">Post-classical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarcha-feminism" title="Anarcha-feminism">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_anarchism" title="Green anarchism">Green</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-primitivism" title="Anarcho-primitivism">Primitivist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_ecology_(Bookchin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Social ecology (Bookchin)">Social ecology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence anarchism">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurrectionary_anarchism" title="Insurrectionary anarchism">Insurrectionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-pacifism" title="Anarcho-pacifism">Pacifist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_religion#Religious_anarchism_and_anarchist_themes_in_religions" title="Anarchism and religion">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_anarchism" title="Christian anarchism">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_religion#Buddhism" title="Anarchism and religion">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish anarchism">Jewish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_without_adjectives" title="Anarchism without adjectives">Without adjectives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_anarchism" title="Contemporary anarchism">Contemporary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_anarchism" title="Black anarchism">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_anarchism" title="Market anarchism">Free-market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postcolonial_anarchism" title="Postcolonial anarchism">Postcolonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-anarchism">Post-anarchist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-left_anarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-left anarchy">Post-left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queer_anarchism" title="Queer anarchism">Queer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of federation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affinity_group" title="Affinity group">Affinity group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-syndicalism" title="Anarcho-syndicalism">Anarcho-syndicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platformism" title="Platformism">Platformism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesis_anarchism" title="Synthesis anarchism">Synthesis anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_egoists" title="Union of egoists">Union of egoists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Anarchist_economics" title="Category:Anarchist economics">Economics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communization" title="Communization">Communization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperative" title="Cooperative">Cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cost_the_limit_of_price" title="Cost the limit of price">Cost the limit of price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Decentralized_planning" title="Planned economy">Decentralized planned economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_of_producers" title="Free association of producers">Free association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_strike" title="General strike">General strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_economy" title="Gift economy">Gift economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Give-away_shop" title="Give-away shop">Give-away shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_voucher" title="Labour voucher">Labour voucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_socialism" title="Market socialism">Market socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_bank" title="Mutual bank">Mutual bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_credit" title="Mutual credit">Mutual credit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_ownership" title="Social ownership">Social ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wage_slavery" title="Wage slavery">Wage slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Workers' self-management</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Anarchist_culture" title="Category:Anarchist culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_las_Barricadas" title="A las Barricadas">A las Barricadas</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_bookfair" title="Anarchist bookfair">Anarchist bookfair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-punk" title="Anarcho-punk">Anarcho-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_the_arts" title="Anarchism and the arts">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIY_ethic" class="mw-redirect" title="DIY ethic">DIY ethic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escuela_Moderna" class="mw-redirect" title="Escuela Moderna">Escuela Moderna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_dealing_with_anarchism" title="List of films dealing with anarchism">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeganism" title="Freeganism">Freeganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infoshop" title="Infoshop">Infoshop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Media_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Media Center">Independent Media Center</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Internationale" title="The Internationale">The Internationale</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish anarchism">Jewish anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifestyle_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifestyle anarchism">Lifestylism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Workers%27_Day" title="International Workers' Day">May Day</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/No_gods,_no_masters" class="mw-redirect" title="No gods, no masters">No gods, no masters</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_education" title="Popular education">Popular education</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Property_is_theft!" class="mw-redirect" title="Property is theft!">Property is theft!</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_cheerleading" title="Radical cheerleading">Radical cheerleading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_environmentalism" title="Radical environmentalism">Radical environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-managed_social_center" title="Self-managed social center">Self-managed social center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_symbolism" title="Anarchist symbolism">Symbolism</a></li></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Anarchism">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Revolutions of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Regional_Federation_of_the_IWA" title="Spanish Regional Federation of the IWA">Spanish Regional Federation of the IWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Congress_(1872)" title="Hague Congress (1872)">Hague Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonal_rebellion" title="Cantonal rebellion">Cantonal rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymarket_affair" title="Haymarket affair">Haymarket affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Conference_of_Rome_for_the_Social_Defense_Against_Anarchists" title="International Conference of Rome for the Social Defense Against Anarchists">International Conference of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_the_Thirty" title="Trial of the Thirty">Trial of the Thirty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Conference_of_Rome_for_the_Social_Defense_Against_Anarchists" title="International Conference of Rome for the Social Defense Against Anarchists">International Conference of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrer_movement" title="Ferrer movement">Ferrer movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strandza_Commune" class="mw-redirect" title="Strandza Commune">Strandza Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Anarchist_Congress_of_Amsterdam" title="International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam">Congress of Amsterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragic_Week_(Spain)" title="Tragic Week (Spain)">Tragic Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Treason_Incident" title="High Treason Incident">High Treason Incident</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manifesto_of_the_Sixteen" title="Manifesto of the Sixteen">Manifesto of the Sixteen</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%931919" class="mw-redirect" title="German Revolution of 1918–1919">German Revolution of 1918–1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Soviet_Republic" title="Bavarian Soviet Republic">Bavarian Soviet Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_United_States_anarchist_bombings" title="1919 United States anarchist bombings">1919 United States bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biennio_Rosso" title="Biennio Rosso">Biennio Rosso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronstadt_rebellion" title="Kronstadt rebellion">Kronstadt rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makhnovshchina" title="Makhnovshchina">Makhnovshchina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amakasu_Incident" title="Amakasu Incident">Amakasu Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Revolution_of_1936" title="Spanish Revolution of 1936">Spanish Revolution of 1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barcelona_May_Days" class="mw-redirect" title="Barcelona May Days">Barcelona May Days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_inverted_triangle" class="mw-redirect" title="Red inverted triangle">Red inverted triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labadie_Collection" title="Labadie Collection">Labadie Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provo_(movement)" title="Provo (movement)">Provo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_68" title="May 68">May 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIP_(company)" title="LIP (company)">LIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Sharpley_Library" title="Kate Sharpley Library">Kate Sharpley Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Anarchist_Centenary_Celebrations" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Anarchist Centenary Celebrations">Australian Anarchist Centenary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnival_Against_Capital" title="Carnival Against Capital">Carnival Against Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Seattle_WTO_protests" title="1999 Seattle WTO protests">1999 Seattle WTO protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Really_Really_Free_Market" title="Really Really Free Market">Really Really Free Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupy_movement" title="Occupy movement">Occupy movement</a></li></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Anarchists" title="Category:Anarchists">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Alston" title="Ashanti Alston">Alston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Armand" title="Émile Armand">Armand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Bakunin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Berkman" title="Alexander Berkman">Berkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Bonanno" title="Alfredo Bonanno">Bonanno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Bookchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_Bourdin" title="Martial Bourdin">Bourdin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Chomsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltairine_de_Cleyre" title="Voltairine de Cleyre">Cleyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Day" title="Dorothy Day">Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buenaventura_Durruti" title="Buenaventura Durruti">Durruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Ellul" title="Jacques Ellul">Ellul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Kom%27boa_Ervin" title="Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin">Ervin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Faure" title="Sébastien Faure">Faure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fauset_MacDonald" title="Thomas Fauset MacDonald">Fauset MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ferrer" title="Francisco Ferrer">Ferrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Feyerabend" title="Paul Feyerabend">Feyerabend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severino_Di_Giovanni" title="Severino Di Giovanni">Giovanni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Godwin" title="William Godwin">Godwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Goldman" title="Emma Goldman">Goldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Prada" title="Manuel González Prada">González Prada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Graeber" title="David Graeber">Graeber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Guillaume" title="James Guillaume">Guillaume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Zhen_(anarchist)" title="He Zhen (anarchist)">He-Yin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanno_Sugako" title="Kanno Sugako">Kanno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dtoku_Sh%C5%ABsui" title="Kōtoku Shūsui">Kōtoku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Landauer" title="Gustav Landauer">Landauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Shifu" title="Liu Shifu">Liu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Flores_Mag%C3%B3n" title="Ricardo Flores Magón">Magón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigorii_Maksimov" title="Grigorii Maksimov">Maksimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_Mett" title="Ida Mett">Mett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Michel" title="Louise Michel">Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Most" title="Johann Most">Most</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Parsons" title="Lucy Parsons">Parsons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesc_Pi_i_Margall" title="Francesc Pi i Margall">Pi i Margall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Pouget" title="Émile Pouget">Pouget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon" title="Pierre-Joseph Proudhon">Proudhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiratsuka_Raich%C5%8D" title="Hiratsuka Raichō">Raichō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lis%C3%A9e_Reclus" title="Élisée Reclus">Reclus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Rocker" title="Rudolf Rocker">Rocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Abad_de_Santill%C3%A1n" title="Diego Abad de Santillán">Santillán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysander_Spooner" title="Lysander Spooner">Spooner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Stirner" title="Max Stirner">Stirner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau" title="Henry David Thoreau">Thoreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy" title="Leo Tolstoy">Tolstoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Tucker" title="Benjamin Tucker">Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volin" title="Volin">Volin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Ward" title="Colin Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Warren" title="Josiah Warren">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efim_Yarchuk" title="Efim Yarchuk">Yarchuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Zerzan" title="John Zerzan">Zerzan</a></li></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_anarchism" title="Outline of anarchism">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anarcho-punk_bands" title="List of anarcho-punk bands">Anarcho-punk bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_about_anarchism" title="List of books about anarchism">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_anarchists" title="List of fictional anarchists">Fictional characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_dealing_with_anarchism" title="List of films dealing with anarchism">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_anarchists" title="List of Jewish anarchists">Jewish anarchists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anarchist_musicians" title="List of anarchist musicians">Musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anarchist_periodicals" title="List of anarchist periodicals">Periodicals</a></li></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Anarchism_by_region" title="Category:Anarchism by region">By region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Africa" title="Anarchism in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Albania" title="Anarchism in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Algeria" title="Anarchism in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Andorra" title="Anarchism in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Argentina" title="Anarchism in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Armenia" title="Anarchism in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Australia" title="Anarchism in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Austria" title="Anarchism in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Azerbaijan" title="Anarchism in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Bangladesh" title="Anarchism in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Belarus" title="Anarchism in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Belgium" title="Anarchism in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Bolivia" title="Anarchism in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Anarchism in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Brazil" title="Anarchism in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Bulgaria" title="Anarchism in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Canada" title="Anarchism in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Chile" title="Anarchism in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_China" title="Anarchism in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Colombia" title="Anarchism in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Anarchism in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Croatia" title="Anarchism in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Cuba" title="Anarchism in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Cyprus" title="Anarchism in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Anarchism in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Denmark" title="Anarchism in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Anarchism in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_East_Timor" title="Anarchism in East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Ecuador" title="Anarchism in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Egypt" title="Anarchism in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_El_Salvador" title="Anarchism in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Estonia" title="Anarchism in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Finland" title="Anarchism in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_France" title="Anarchism in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_French_Guiana" title="Anarchism in French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Georgia" title="Anarchism in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Germany" title="Anarchism in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Greece" title="Anarchism in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Guatemala" title="Anarchism in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Hong_Kong" title="Anarchism in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Hungary" title="Anarchism in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Iceland" title="Anarchism in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_India" title="Anarchism in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Indonesia" title="Anarchism in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Iran" title="Anarchism in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Ireland" title="Anarchism in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Israel" title="Anarchism in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Italy" title="Anarchism in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Japan" title="Anarchism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Korea" title="Anarchism in Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Latvia" title="Anarchism in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Malaysia" title="Anarchism in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Mexico" title="Anarchism in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Monaco" title="Anarchism in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Mongolia" title="Anarchism in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Morocco" title="Anarchism in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Anarchism in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_New_Zealand" title="Anarchism in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Nicaragua" title="Anarchism in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Nigeria" title="Anarchism in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Norway" title="Anarchism in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Panama" title="Anarchism in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Paraguay" title="Anarchism in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Peru" title="Anarchism in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_the_Philippines" title="Anarchism in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Poland" title="Anarchism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Portugal" title="Anarchism in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Anarchism in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Romania" title="Anarchism in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Russia" title="Anarchism in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Serbia" title="Anarchism in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Singapore" title="Anarchism in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_South_Africa" title="Anarchism in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Spain" title="Anarchism in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Sweden" title="Anarchism in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Switzerland" title="Anarchism in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Syria" title="Anarchism in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Taiwan" title="Anarchism in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Tunisia" title="Anarchism in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Turkey" title="Anarchism in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Ukraine" title="Anarchism in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Anarchism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Anarchism in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Uruguay" title="Anarchism in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Venezuela" title="Anarchism in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Vietnam" title="Anarchism in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_anarchism" title="Outline of anarchism">Related topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-corporate_activism" title="Anti-corporate activism">Anti-corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-consumerism" title="Anti-consumerism">Anti-consumerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">Anti-fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-globalization_movement" title="Anti-globalization movement">Anti-globalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-statism" title="Anti-statism">Anti-statism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-war_movement" title="Anti-war movement">Anti-war movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autarchism" title="Autarchism">Autarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomism" title="Autonomism">Autonomism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Definition_of_anarchism_and_libertarianism" title="Definition of anarchism and libertarianism">Definition of anarchism and libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Dual Power">Dual Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labour movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_communism" title="Left communism">Left communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-libertarianism" title="Left-libertarianism">Left-libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">Libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">Libertarian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_between_Friedrich_Nietzsche_and_Max_Stirner" title="Relationship between Friedrich Nietzsche and Max Stirner">Relationship between Friedrich<br />Nietzsche and Max Stirner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Situationist_International" title="Situationist International">Situationist International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spontaneous_order" title="Spontaneous order">Spontaneous order</a></li></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/28px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/42px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/BlackFlagSymbol.svg/56px-BlackFlagSymbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="456" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Anarchism" title="Portal:Anarchism">Anarchism portal</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Anarchism" title="Category:Anarchism">Category</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_anarchism" title="Outline of anarchism">Outline</a></b></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Communism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Communism" title="Template:Communism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communism" title="Template talk:Communism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Communism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Communism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Communism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-capitalism" title="Anti-capitalism">Anti-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_consciousness" title="Class consciousness">Class consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classless_society" title="Classless society">Classless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">Communist party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_revolution" title="Communist revolution">Communist revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">Communist state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_society" title="Communist society">Communist society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_political_economy" title="Critique of political economy">Critique of political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_(Marxism_and_anarchism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Free association (Marxism and anarchism)">Free association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">"From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_abolitionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Market abolitionism">Market abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labour movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_revolution" title="Social revolution">Social revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateless_society" title="Stateless society">Stateless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wage_slavery" title="Wage slavery">Wage slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Workers' self-management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_communism" title="World communism">World communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_revolution" title="World revolution">World revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_the_proletariat" title="Dictatorship of the proletariat">Dictatorship of the proletariat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">Planned economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_economy" title="Gift economy">Gift economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialization_(Marxism)" title="Socialization (Marxism)">Socialization (Marxism)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_value" title="Use value">Use value</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_ideologies" title="List of communist ideologies">Variants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anarchist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Marxism" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian Marxism">Libertarian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Marxist_communism" title="Pre-Marxist communism">Pre-Marxist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_communism" title="Primitive communism">Primitive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_communism" title="Religious communism">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_communism" title="Christian communism">Christian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_communism" title="History of communism">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League" title="Communist League">Communist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Workingmen%27s_Association" title="International Workingmen's Association">First International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_International" title="Second International">Second International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Third International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_International" title="Fourth International">Fourth International</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_parties" title="List of communist parties">Communist Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Peace_Council" title="World Peace Council">WPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Trade_Unions" title="World Federation of Trade Unions">WFTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Democratic_Youth" title="World Federation of Democratic Youth">WFDY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Students" title="International Union of Students">IUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_International_Democratic_Federation" title="Women's International Democratic Federation">WIDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Scientific_Workers" title="World Federation of Scientific Workers">WFSW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organisation_of_Journalists" class="mw-redirect" title="International Organisation of Journalists">IOR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Communists" title="Category:Communists">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Meslier" title="Jean Meslier">Meslier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Babeuf</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonie_Pannekoek" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonie Pannekoek">Pannekoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">Du Bois</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Kollontai" title="Alexandra Kollontai">Kollontai</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Stalin</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Trotsky</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Luk%C3%A1cs" title="György Lukács">Lukács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Th%C3%A4lmann" title="Ernst Thälmann">Thälmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Bukharin" title="Nikolai Bukharin">Bukharin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Tito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Benjamin" title="Walter Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Khrushchev</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._L._R._James" title="C. L. R. James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Padmore" title="George Padmore">Padmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Beauvoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Nkrumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Hobsbawm" title="Eric Hobsbawm">Hobsbawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Althusser" title="Louis Althusser">Althusser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Freire" title="Paulo Freire">Freire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Paolo_Pasolini" title="Pier Paolo Pasolini">Pasolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Mandel" title="Ernest Mandel">Mandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">Raja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frantz_Fanon" title="Frantz Fanon">Fanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Berger" title="John Berger">Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Guattari" title="Félix Guattari">Guattari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Debord" title="Guy Debord">Debord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Amin" title="Samir Amin">Amin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Berlinguer" title="Enrico Berlinguer">Berlinguer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Negri" title="Antonio Negri">Negri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abimael_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Abimael Guzmán">Guzmán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Badiou" title="Alain Badiou">Badiou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Maria_Sison" title="Jose Maria Sison">Sison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Newton" title="Huey P. Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Holloway_(sociologist)" title="John Holloway (sociologist)">Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Hampton" title="Fred Hampton">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavoj_Zizek" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavoj Zizek">Zizek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_%C3%96calan" title="Abdullah Öcalan">Öcalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_S%C3%A1nchez_Gordillo" title="Juan Manuel Sánchez Gordillo">Gordillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Wilson_Gilmore" title="Ruth Wilson Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcomandante_Marcos" title="Subcomandante Marcos">Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hardt" title="Michael Hardt">Hardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodi_Dean" title="Jodi Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Graeber" title="David Graeber">Graeber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Lordon" title="Frédéric Lordon">Lordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Kelley" title="Robin Kelley">Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Fisher" title="Mark Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Prashad" title="Vijay Prashad">Prashad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Zyuganov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Hatherley" title="Owen Hatherley">Hatherley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Moufawad-Paul" title="J. Moufawad-Paul">Moufawad-Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohei_Saito" title="Kohei Saito">Saito</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Far-left politics in the United Kingdom">Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Communism in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Colombia" title="Communism in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_France" title="Communism in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_India" title="Communism in India">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Kerala" title="Communism in Kerala">Kerala</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Korea" title="Communism in Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Nepal" title="Communism in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Peru" title="Communism in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_the_Philippines" title="Communism in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Poland" title="Communism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_communism_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of communism in the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Sumatra" title="Communism in Sumatra">Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Vietnam" title="Communism in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communist_symbolism" title="Communist symbolism">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_and_sickle" title="Hammer and sickle">Hammer and sickle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_flag_(politics)" title="Red flag (politics)">Red flag (politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_star" title="Red star">Red star</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Internationale" title="The Internationale">The Internationale</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Workers_of_the_world,_unite!" title="Workers of the world, unite!">Workers of the world, unite!</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Criticism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_propaganda" title="Communist propaganda">Communist propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of communist party rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Marxism" title="Criticism of Marxism">Criticism of Marxism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21st-century_communist_theorists" title="21st-century communist theorists">21st-century communist theorists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti_anti-communism" title="Anti anti-communism">Anti anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_mass_killings" title="Anti-communist mass killings">Anti-communist mass killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">Anti-fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_killings_under_communist_regimes" title="Mass killings under communist regimes">Mass killings under communist regimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Intentional community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">Left-wing politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Left" title="Old Left">Old Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_and_LGBTQ_rights" title="Communism and LGBTQ rights">LGBTQ rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marx%27s_theory_of_alienation" title="Marx's theory of alienation">Marx's theory of alienation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_communism" title="National communism">National communism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_communism_in_Romania" title="National communism in Romania">Romania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare" title="Red Scare">Red Scare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_economics" title="Socialist economics">Socialist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_mode_of_production" title="Socialist mode of production">Socialist mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_communism" title="War communism">War communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worker_cooperative" title="Worker cooperative">Worker cooperative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, 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navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Libertarian_socialism_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Libertarian socialism navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Libertarian_socialism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="vertical-align:1px;"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">Libertarian socialism</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Schools<br />of thought</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collectivist_anarchism" title="Collectivist anarchism">Collectivist anarchism</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anarchist communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-syndicalism" title="Anarcho-syndicalism">Anarcho-syndicalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guild_socialism" title="Guild socialism">Guild socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomism" title="Autonomism">Autonomism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialisme_ou_Barbarie" title="Socialisme ou Barbarie">Chalieu-Montal Tendency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_communism" title="Council communism">Council communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_School" title="Frankfurt School">Frankfurt School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freudo-Marxism" title="Freudo-Marxism">Freudo-Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Situationist_International" title="Situationist International">Situationism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian socialism</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Communist_symbolism#Red_and_black_flag" title="Communist symbolism"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Anarchist_flag.svg/100px-Anarchist_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Anarchist_flag.svg/150px-Anarchist_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Anarchist_flag.svg/200px-Anarchist_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Concepts</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-authoritarianism" title="Anti-authoritarianism">Anti-authoritarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-capitalism" title="Anti-capitalism">Anti-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decentralization" title="Decentralization">Decentralization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egalitarian_community" title="Egalitarian community">Egalitarian community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_of_producers" title="Free association of producers">Free association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_aid_(organization_theory)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutual aid (organization theory)">Mutual aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worker_cooperative" title="Worker cooperative">Worker cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_control" title="Workers' control">Workers' control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Workers' self-management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Models</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communalism_(Bookchin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communalism (Bookchin)">Communalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decentralized_planning_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Decentralized planning (economics)">Decentralized planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guild_socialism" title="Guild socialism">Guild socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclusive_Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Inclusive Democracy">Inclusive Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_abolitionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Market abolitionism">Market abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_economics" title="Participatory economics">Participatory economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialization_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialization (economics)">Socialization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">People</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fourier" title="Charles Fourier">Charles Fourier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Pearl_Andrews" title="Stephen Pearl Andrews">Stephen Pearl Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Mikhail Bakunin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_D%C3%A9jacque" title="Joseph Déjacque">Joseph Déjacque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hodgskin" title="Thomas Hodgskin">Thomas Hodgskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Peter Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Landauer" title="Gustav Landauer">Gustav Landauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marcuse" title="Herbert Marcuse">Herbert Marcuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonie_Pannekoek" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonie Pannekoek">Antonie Pannekoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesc_Pi_i_Maragall" class="mw-redirect" title="Francesc Pi i Maragall">Francesc Pi i Maragall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon" title="Pierre-Joseph Proudhon">Pierre-Joseph Proudhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Reich" title="Wilhelm Reich">Wilhelm Reich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Rocker" title="Rudolf Rocker">Rudolf Rocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_R%C3%BChle" title="Otto Rühle">Otto Rühle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Albert" title="Michael Albert">Michael Albert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Murray Bookchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Castoriadis" title="Cornelius Castoriadis">Cornelius Castoriadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Noam Chomsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._D._H._Cole" title="G. D. H. Cole">G. D. H. Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takis_Fotopoulos" title="Takis Fotopoulos">Takis Fotopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Goodman" title="Paul Goodman">Paul Goodman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Hahnel" title="Robin Hahnel">Robin Hahnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Gu%C3%A9rin" title="Daniel Guérin">Daniel Guérin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Pallis" title="Chris Pallis">Chris Pallis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Significant<br />events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Workingmen%27s_Association" title="International Workingmen's Association">International Workingmen's Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1917%E2%80%931923" title="Revolutions of 1917–1923">Revolutions of 1917–1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Revolution_of_1936" title="Spanish Revolution of 1936">Spanish Revolution of 1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_social_movements" title="New social movements">New social movements</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; 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