CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91367eb33f4efd96',cH: '8TAwIUz3qHUuSu0WU1QcIr1ssEHHSsKGejBDzf94l9E-1739802831-1.2.1.1-aNDt.ZVnKQyMv6NHfuSyEuo0hBozxbtqfIt8ZApqHedSwTPesA5AQqp7ztD0Rkw7',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/159876\/assessing-students-attitudinal-response-towards-the-use-of-virtual-reality-in-a-mandatory-english-class-at-a-womens-university-in-japan?__cf_chl_tk=Swt_cy5muycC_m9C9Kw5lFouNlzeYuIlo.dK3f5BrYk-1739802831-1.0.1.1-OB.Ue3zQ8TLm.eeuBy20.4DnXBlYcfNIn0hecaI3488",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739802831',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/159876\/assessing-students-attitudinal-response-towards-the-use-of-virtual-reality-in-a-mandatory-english-class-at-a-womens-university-in-japan?__cf_chl_f_tk=Swt_cy5muycC_m9C9Kw5lFouNlzeYuIlo.dK3f5BrYk-1739802831-1.0.1.1-OB.Ue3zQ8TLm.eeuBy20.4DnXBlYcfNIn0hecaI3488",md: "JqMF42EywC6Lwv1WNcg7lf3ymczR.MiiNRpWjoiYgmI-1739802831-1.2.1.1-O2iaB9IxPwG3LI603O8UrkmuCzIvtfa1lrZ2DlzFg22CXZpDhFg6llky1pKv5vuhBRZC9o6m35gFj_HPFvJmn1HXyL3mlb.wfE_XcvwVDWYpC9FlPiCnOpGbYN.lUI7XErPwmO3BjOH_mOByrmgdA9CrFRSzqAxrsXOSrcpOufna51rneOwny3WicGHqrtwYQZodynJJXsOrZxILHp5se4l6YpfPiLAT7I47GDJ.tToetMQmUr236_Pwvld4e5z62c7IE9UimvqwwcKaPwsS3nH9C1aCy88HcVKCKwowPa9uoH_mEUGhHqu1I1_0.N2RBknIO8qqsjJmMxcS0CtqL2ieFXSoQclOarMAjukRyAJSw7T8HI38rc3hA0N_LVtmSBXT3rKVFk7ujg_i02OffaaPWu.yG3ploLf1QUt9XRWYeXYn5G61pwd6q93MgEe0fRVH3Dokolju7El0eofqi3JTFILy52JCYB43v9qhsBZQwXs7hGq9RIK8NaADPQZkyfKLd_lbnvJiNBmBKRuZQeh_v_nj0FAfXKkE.aujXeQa2BUcI3OViKdTuqPBmFsZp7QtRa.P.264B9V5A9NOBat6JUxRGyLeWr73DEZRJeL0eR.zUJTHpF6QZBeXIsfjVJfNX0i8zU9GmPuEEsxFkFsbtUWA2N7abM9XIhoWlB9bX_4Dq2pNrKgv8HG1wTyCl76BHh75oighCRmvpryeOP.4Q4CXICAsqTm5LtfRL9MkDB7xM9JlYs.FOzWSlbljHc6XwVnF8pNajnPf1CNPt0IINnthY5oXaEaOmoZM_Hc7ES9HFJITZeXQzq5XKtbrDT1RAGON3nt_28ZltnzcK1NS5h9Qvdi.7ko6fgKK_34tQzGu9QQ_a80MjbTG1zX0gVWla6k3E6pU2boO6P_uP2qk9wCFwuymY.8z7QzlLXtovJuHEiJz8_ZYg5Ow52nLdgMFt2Q9CAKcfZtL3yprVV5eT.M_98WD4t.5nYPBm998tGSUq_yJAElmFK3x5vQAn8vjrBiNTCRzq2pXfPUOv_VmzGkaG.wQ0yOCf3l6j7zXCaiI4j1Tr4GYDzb3YP8ClccdI660th81kQNC73_tZPfxxnx1UD0rCq0p1xbYht0.MeaKgkh9rGNleTXRupbLaADh6BHKYhNy2tIOB_nm8D.we2MtRFsQnmdMCisSMqBSCJVDw_B.0wvNgiS34GW9lIPODwhykz5ev8kqu9e1s23aMFelY9IlqrFwgOsMTG3Yc3tWgnfYdTdaKv5bnJFejnWFAkCsiMlAO5CpHq9a8CGDEfEaeOQ.n04wXJZGri8ZqNYpHtcLyDHDyEZ0XitLKSq8CYL_Tu3i._QQr8T00RZLOnWHn0yAyUlp.HxNcCw1HXaCNWD3hMITWE4Sy3yn.kkh6ssPG5osulC1xtyM.4E_gw5s8zn0j1SGEpaLVoNlby3vZakRO3tFbb8GbhZM7RJzyJpMpoKCbQM41oS77peXqdAwutJyM_QSBL3obdiI02pIpCvr0dqFaUTejJwVnd2eeeDTZtpIWE_1A14YOueMY1.zyZ.yisfxkq7xTdKZcZqXrGYMn9Qbv7pPcmxtAOaDzCx4CzIMKGrcaVpLcF0nRX.xEI_Li_whFJ825ktJUEchE24G_uuxRwj7smVdedojnVrR3lu5DMvjGyPqJQ1Uvh.O12mBIceCozjgSgNhMunOOXM0fyBKoIOMqZyxyTE0ZcVaKuOtb8qV3l0CGbWYnRdOOpu6rpOaNcYuXbyIMfS0vwtK3sbdNHK4xm5vtogsz9x0hk4zav3p9poKDb5IdIM06oNhpAVHYRzP7DnjRRKaV7PR4qALUnpDimkvE7FXzi7RsVDWkT7xO10VUMrWgiizdSsvfHQoh0daOryUnZjjeiyZ5bUWDjcNkzjNPEQFGn1xSnSNg6UZkmA7Y_u6TKsCPORT7PRcUXgmi6Ak7KOYGH5bFdba89Xl8QDsb2Ektnt1AgEZoG2P.JQiLv2wPPfRXGWrwd7PDHURXcAU7sZoydgwqJ5GdiuI2uVOY7im5NwJXERrglDSkh6fFB.IgViPYGpKmjVasdGX7.yHiardF6tlvYEHc.DXmFE8SMJCz3Mcse9kppwGSqTBGTm0I0g0sQ_S5LjBIqZkbDJUv8z.2Xag1BBg3tLeJwONU1Zwip.aOYkxx_DlEgoWmZpS1FxcHT7eY.WrYfkB_MIEW_8uajS.CA.qLQaynIGMrueulKipg3fm9Dn9rVvylAbPA6z8zoHXKkK8gYlo7hg",mdrd: "XcCFHOvX823RujTIoFbwcd19EXMuR9MjgbKpbgHjMWM-1739802831-1.2.1.1-pGPQS1GQvWLNhqBdj17ob4WhcyfLzp18DAT2GGLxD.4AhCoWOG7jQWqL0efa2svIOm_OknqF6nPnI8xmAWGcR8GFZovaqqzFw2PtgzieaQEQz87NH2B7W.Mk1FCMgII8B0eIAsZtEznLx4ugKIaRDiTk2VQcqFzj7SRSR7ZJSA6JgjdZhyZdDkjRi9F8dMOHqic4AGYgwO4.7vyov56ah9QapxOU.U0l80GiMJTMK0F0u_Dafa0P6mkwwHCiVNwqfSef6HhpLWhoMBo04Ztqx9VE8Ez4v2dlveyOUJ8SgdbANrX7TYHhBNio_orjztS_46imvM1D7qiNdR3N4XmuXni8cYfCApjRxSQ4hQuISoWqtFxiy5Sf8kKCJExMR4r0yrL6dLFDA4qw8ju3ipgAL7e3waHrRLJSa2plA6cDWJ_FeqWFs0IKtymVvU5pAi1QQ5Rl45lx9AT8F0Es2xzHM3q2xO_oZ9Sg_r9raOsWcwsxk2bxVt_qFr0gWuFh6OhoLcip_8BXBn3_LHie6yU.r4ah31rtAORqSY5gRTHz.gGEhHzqrVTI3duAG13Im4qneWrLcbNGKtAHv4oqThUksJNXOwm.zGWESqaw3B9GNbGrU2yL.AgZtVR2aRg5g8RqzAxXXIgJPBzIQKmE9glFg3yzVgYYstlNOoA2.BGL4yxD63Vr4rCrdJMYVv5688iKNYPuVeEH6VdZ3m5ldI7UMFzctnM5mm2QQyfs_EdzvlBJP0HgqTZpKkwc1eC7rkNPFCGTPpPhoDoocnmGa.heEKHKDeSrqTgYwNu7LPuraxWr_23yH0N9lFrGotCOUOu2YMabsmTnxlfh0CIdrFDuH6r53chHuQODdzSI8iMi9EQusviyWI8U77Q3VhTHyh4t0OD9dlSHz8BA_8CzfmJKGcc231aYQtTrmd3MIuDh6ZdPB04aHlDeS.UubfNBpKpOgUfESYj551OrF2Q.FK8pOgizvaMTy11gm76T16RIS3VTRFAyx4GMBGudSZeTGn6cZBVp96JlyJrf92_yyr5nEEGTUOWC5AdJeBEXc8Wx.QGlhEq5pXiG6LyH3M_ZiAt5tt4mKUso3G4eVGBzxCxFXRtGNbH9PbH0LWZ.L5FsbJy_5NVMk2mO4.2dl1sCNngp0xRlQ3X0kx4JR5i0aWkQG3BFKci0eer2UDm_ZCSfmfqXXu82kCytUQ4rZTQUnvqa5QLMPTNOLo0vg.RTBuHdyzu52RnBj02esXQGFRLEkqNC5iSo6WMzNuUjQ0VaXKX6M08RN9GMx8rlC47tTy1GY9bXsGDuLiiTkgevjeP6M0q.9TV.bLq22Wi17Rqp2NCA6rpB7o1_rN.f8G.4MHBd3XPTvhyumrnj7PYISW9R6AzNMLCU_Kc9eVTAgw.lbqyy10s1ALU2WmjVVl9OZp7WdmvRLJ2z4o11nnb6WnDaZ2iMATQonsubIcq_axbfFwQ1D_2GXY_ueKMto8cpQsFSR6ZwzwBviW0T_bgFQhfvXHfirY1Tj9F3QSAaHixyLuudlmKSUU8Kr65LgS2Ug5CXpweMdrjCdBHZr5ExoN047tHsrjqrlwEXl2ZtpBNMLt3IZjSGd2Nuc2eVJ1zJCMGIQqWfEjjZ6CZq5inC5GgEw78GDlkaZxshARJHh5Ka5MoeEzAvzqqMEbzdtpa7beojFA1Hjd_RzsQJz7PR0QANyL6pTu45.Dy0vYT5yKGbkp56SHsz0sSTCLcBwqr6wq2nBSnB4dG.4riNtlh4u3k2umTV9Z7uqfc7HRh6vvAK5M2yQBHoN85ZVLddilesgiQn0WlBnMbn6623.469qTg.J_kBcUvz7.0Le_jkJnHQCHfIUl5uqAy20shFKtW4eQKAWFfTMgQbEKJEX6XtLJXmuYFePfxsiqUwZCxYt_sWA14bbKU7690qNaLZo61YgcZ5TlqY3JitfgJICSIzh7wmYE4dV0_N.teTpwwPfE8n5Z19hpbDdzpJrkhk0uHlQveKSA"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91367eb33f4efd96';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/159876\/assessing-students-attitudinal-response-towards-the-use-of-virtual-reality-in-a-mandatory-english-class-at-a-womens-university-in-japan?__cf_chl_rt_tk=Swt_cy5muycC_m9C9Kw5lFouNlzeYuIlo.dK3f5BrYk-1739802831-1.0.1.1-OB.Ue3zQ8TLm.eeuBy20.4DnXBlYcfNIn0hecaI3488" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>