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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Nýlegar breytingar</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:N%C3%BDjustu_greinar"><span>Nýjustu greinar</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Samf%C3%A9lagsg%C3%A1tt" title="Um verkefnið, hvernig er hægt að hjálpa og hvar á að byrja"><span>Samfélagsgátt</span></a></li><li id="n-Potturinn" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Potturinn"><span>Potturinn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Fors%C3%AD%C3%B0a" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Frjálsa alfræðiritið" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-is.svg" width="118" height="12" style="width: 7.375em; 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Skrá inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Síður fyrir útskráða notendur <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A1lp:Introduction" aria-label="Læra meira um breytingar"><span>Læra meira</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Framl%C3%B6g_m%C3%ADn" title="Listi yfir breytingar frá þessu IP-staðfangi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Framlög</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Spjallas%C3%AD%C3%B0a_m%C3%ADn" title="Spjall um breytingar frá þessu IP-staðfangi [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Spjall</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vefsíða"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Efni" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Efni</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">færa í hliðarstiku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">fela</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjun</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Skilgreining" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skilgreining"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Skilgreining</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Skilgreining-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sýna/fela Skilgreining undirkafla</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Skilgreining-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Réttlætingarvandinn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Réttlætingarvandinn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Réttlætingarvandinn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Réttlætingarvandinn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Efahyggja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efahyggja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Efahyggja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Efahyggja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Félagsfræði_þekkingar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Félagsfræði_þekkingar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Félagsfræði þekkingar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Félagsfræði_þekkingar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aðrar_skilgreiningar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aðrar_skilgreiningar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Aðrar skilgreiningar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aðrar_skilgreiningar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tilvitnanir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tilvitnanir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tilvitnanir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tilvitnanir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tengt_efni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tengt_efni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tengt efni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tengt_efni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenglar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenglar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tenglar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenglar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heimildir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heimildir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Heimildir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heimildir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Efni" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Sýna/fela efnisyfirlit" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Sýna/fela efnisyfirlit</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Þekking</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Fara á grein á öðru tungumáli. Til staðar á 143 tungumálum" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-143" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">143 tungumál</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kennis" title="Kennis – afríkanska" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kennis" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afríkanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissen" title="Wissen – svissnesk þýska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wissen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="svissnesk þýska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conoiximiento" title="Conoiximiento – aragonska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Conoiximiento" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A9" title="معرفة – arabíska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معرفة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86" title="عرفان – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="عرفان" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conocencia" title="Conocencia – astúríska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Conocencia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúríska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilik" title="Bilik – aserska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bilik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="بیلیک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیلیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Белем – baskír" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Белем" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baskír" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissn" title="Wissn – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Wissn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BD%C4%97nuoj%C4%97ms" title="Žėnuojėms – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Žėnuojėms" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaraman" title="Kaaraman – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kaaraman" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Веды – hvítrússneska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Веды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="hvítrússneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Веды – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Веды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Знание – búlgarska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Знание" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgarska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="জ্ঞান – bengalska" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gouiziegezh" title="Gouiziegezh – bretónska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gouiziegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanje" title="Znanje – bosníska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Znanje" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosníska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parbinotoan" title="Parbinotoan – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Parbinotoan" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC" title="Эрдэм – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Эрдэм" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coneixement" title="Coneixement – katalónska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Coneixement" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Хаар – tsjetsjenska" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Хаар" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tsjetsjenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A5%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%94%E1%8E%B2%E1%8E%A2" title="ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ – Cherokee-mál" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎥᎦᏔᎲᎢ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee-mál" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86" title="زانین – miðkúrdíska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="miðkúrdíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poznatek" title="Poznatek – tékkneska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Poznatek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tékkneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%99%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%EA%99%97" title="Ꙁнаниꙗ – kirkjuslavneska" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Ꙁнаниꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="kirkjuslavneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%C4%95%D0%BB%D3%B3" title="Пĕлӳ – sjúvas" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пĕлӳ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="sjúvas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwybodaeth_(epistemoleg)" title="Gwybodaeth (epistemoleg) – velska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwybodaeth (epistemoleg)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viden" title="Viden – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Viden" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissen" title="Wissen – þýska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wissen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="þýska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BD%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Γνώση – gríska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γνώση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gríska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Gæðagrein"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge" title="Knowledge – enska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Knowledge" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="enska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scio" title="Scio – esperantó" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Scio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conocimiento" title="Conocimiento – spænska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Conocimiento" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spænska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teadmine" title="Teadmine – eistneska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Teadmine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="eistneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezagutza" title="Ezagutza – baskneska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ezagutza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4" title="دانش – persneska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tieto" title="Tieto – finnska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tieto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kila_(ivakavuvuli)" title="Kila (ivakavuvuli) – fídjeyska" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kila (ivakavuvuli)" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fídjeyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connaissance" title="Connaissance – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Connaissance" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weden" title="Weden – norðurfrísneska" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Weden" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="norðurfrísneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kennis" title="Kennis – vesturfrísneska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kennis" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vesturfrísneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98" title="知識 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="知識" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kon%C3%A9sans" title="Konésans – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Konésans" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co%C3%B1ecemento" title="Coñecemento – galisíska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Coñecemento" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembikuaa" title="Tembikuaa – gvaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tembikuaa" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilimi" title="Ilimi – hása" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ilimi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hása" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A2" title="ידע – hebreska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ידע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="ज्ञान – hindí" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyaan" title="Gyaan – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Gyaan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanje" title="Znanje – króatíska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Znanje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="króatíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konesans" title="Konesans – haítíska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Konesans" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haítíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismeret" title="Ismeret – ungverska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ismeret" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AB%D6%84" title="Գիտելիք – armenska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գիտելիք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognoscentia" title="Cognoscentia – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cognoscentia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penemu" title="Penemu – íban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Penemu" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="íban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengetahuan" title="Pengetahuan – indónesíska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pengetahuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indónesíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pannakaammo" title="Pannakaammo – ílokó" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pannakaammo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ílokó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Ховр – ingús" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ховр" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savo" title="Savo – ídó" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Savo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ídó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conoscenza" title="Conoscenza – ítalska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Conoscenza" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ítalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98" title="知識 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="知識" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nalij" title="Nalij – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Nalij" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ცოდნა – georgíska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცოდნა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilim" title="Bilim – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Bilim" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamussni" title="Tamussni – kabíle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tamussni" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabíle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC" title="Білім – kasakska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Білім" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಜ್ಞಾನ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EC%8B%9D" title="지식 – kóreska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지식" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kóreska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zan%C3%AEn" title="Zanîn – kúrdíska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zanîn" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kúrdíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Билим – kirgiska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Билим" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientia_(declarativa)" title="Scientia (declarativa) – latína" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scientia (declarativa)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latína" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%ABssen" title="Wëssen – lúxemborgíska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wëssen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lúxemborgíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conoscenza" title="Conoscenza – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Conoscenza" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%89" title="ຄວາມຮູ້ – laó" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຄວາມຮູ້" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDinojimas" title="Žinojimas – litháíska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žinojimas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litháíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zin%C4%81%C5%A1anas" title="Zināšanas – lettneska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zināšanas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahalalana" title="Fahalalana – malagasíska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fahalalana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Знаење – makedónska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Знаење" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D" title="അറിവ് – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അറിവ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Мэдлэг – mongólska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мэдлэг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongólska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="ज्ञान – maratí" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengetahuan" title="Pengetahuan – malaíska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pengetahuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coincimiento" title="Coincimiento – mirandesíska" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Coincimiento" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B4" title="دونش – masanderaní" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="دونش" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="masanderaní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weten" title="Weten – lágþýska; lágsaxneska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Weten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lágþýska; lágsaxneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="ज्ञान – nepalska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="ज्ञान – nevarí" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevarí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kennis" title="Kennis – hollenska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kennis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunnskap" title="Kunnskap – nýnorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kunnskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nýnorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunnskap" title="Kunnskap – norskt bókmál" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kunnskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bókmál" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coneissen%C3%A7a" title="Coneissença – oksítaníska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Coneissença" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksítaníska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਗਿਆਨ – púnjabí" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="púnjabí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiedza" title="Wiedza – pólska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wiedza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pólska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conossensa" title="Conossensa – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Conossensa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="معلومات – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="معلومات" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%87" title="پوهه – pastú" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پوهه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pastú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conhecimento" title="Conhecimento – portúgalska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Conhecimento" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portúgalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yachay" title="Yachay – kvesjúa" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kvesjúa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunoa%C8%99tere" title="Cunoaștere – rúmenska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cunoaștere" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rúmenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Знание – rússneska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Знание" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rússneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Знаня – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Знаня" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="विद्या – sanskrít" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="विद्या" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrít" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Билии – jakút" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Билии" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakút" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ – santalí" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canuscenza" title="Canuscenza – sikileyska" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Canuscenza" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sikileyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knawledge" title="Knawledge – skoska" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Knawledge" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skoska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanje" title="Znanje – serbókróatíska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Znanje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbókróatíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8" title="දැණුම – singalíska" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දැණුම" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge" title="Knowledge – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Knowledge" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedenie_(filozofia)" title="Vedenie (filozofia) – slóvakíska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vedenie (filozofia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slóvakíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanje" title="Znanje – slóvenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Znanje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slóvenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malamalama" title="Malamalama – samóska" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Malamalama" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samóska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruzivo" title="Ruzivo – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ruzivo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqoon" title="Aqoon – sómalska" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Aqoon" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="sómalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njohuria" title="Njohuria – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Njohuria" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Знање – serbneska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Знање" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangaweruh" title="Pangaweruh – súndanska" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Pangaweruh" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="súndanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunskap" title="Kunskap – sænska" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kunskap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sænska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujuzi" title="Ujuzi – svahílí" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ujuzi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahílí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="அறிவு – tamílska" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அறிவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamílska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9E%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="విజ్ఞానం – telúgú" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="విజ్ఞానం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telúgú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Дониш – tadsjikska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Дониш" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89" title="ความรู้ – taílenska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความรู้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taílenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilim" title="Bilim – túrkmenska" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Bilim" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="túrkmenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaalaman" title="Kaalaman – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kaalaman" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilgi" title="Bilgi – tyrkneska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bilgi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vutivi" title="Vutivi – tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vutivi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Белем – tatarska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Белем" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Знання – úkraínska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Знання" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="úkraínska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4" title="دانش – úrdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دانش" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="úrdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilim" title="Bilim – úsbekska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bilim" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="úsbekska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri_th%E1%BB%A9c" title="Tri thức – víetnamska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tri thức" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="víetnamska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaram" title="Kaaram – varaí" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kaaram" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86" title="知识 – wu-kínverska" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="知识" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kínverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A9%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="რჩქინა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რჩქინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%9F" title="וויסן – jiddíska" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וויסן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caiz" title="Caiz – súang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Caiz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="súang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86" title="知识 – kínverska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="知识" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kínverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%AC-sek" title="Tì-sek – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tì-sek" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98" title="知識 – kantónska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="知識" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULwazi" title="ULwazi – súlú" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="ULwazi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="súlú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eekking"><span>Lesa</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&veaction=edit" title="Breyta þessari síðu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Breyta</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=edit" title="Breyta frumkóða síðunnar [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Breyta frumkóða</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=history"><span>Breytingaskrá</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Almennt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:S%C3%AD%C3%B0ur_sem_tengjast_hinga%C3%B0/%C3%9Eekking" title="Listi yfir síður sem tengjast í þessa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Hvað tengist hingað</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:N%C3%BDlegar_breytingar_tengdar/%C3%9Eekking" rel="nofollow" title="Nýlegar breytingar á ítengdum síðum [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Skyldar breytingar</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hlaða_inn_skrá" title="Hlaða inn skrám [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Hlaða inn skrá</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0ur" title="Listi yfir kerfissíður [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Kerfissíður</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&oldid=1738974" title="Varanlegur tengill í þessa útgáfu síðunnar"><span>Varanlegur tengill</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=info" title="Frekari upplýsingar um þessa síðu"><span>Síðuupplýsingar</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:CiteThisPage&page=%C3%9Eekking&id=1738974&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Upplýsingar um hvernig á að vitna í þessa síðu"><span>Vitna í þessa síðu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fis.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%259Eekking"><span>Fá styttan tengil</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fis.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%259Eekking"><span>Niðurhlaða QR-kóða</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Prenta/flytja út </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%C3%9Eekking"><span>Búa til bók</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:DownloadAsPdf&page=%C3%9Eekking&action=show-download-screen"><span>Sækja sem PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&printable=yes" title="Prentanleg útgáfa af þessari síðu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Prentvæn útgáfa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Í öðrum verkefnum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Knowledge" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikiquote.org/wiki/%C3%9Eekking" hreflang="is"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9081" title="Tengill á tengdan hlut í gagnagrunni [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata hlutur</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Síðuverkfæri"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Útlit"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Útlit</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">færa í hliðarstiku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">fela</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Úr Wikipediu, frjálsa alfræðiritinu</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="is" dir="ltr"><p><b>Þekking</b> er það <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81stand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ástand (síða er ekki enn til)">ástand</a> að <a href="/wiki/Skilningur" title="Skilningur">skilja</a> eitthvað og geta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hagn%C3%BDting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hagnýting (síða er ekki enn til)">hagnýtt</a> sér <a href="/wiki/Sta%C3%B0reynd" title="Staðreynd">staðreyndina</a> í einhverjum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tilgangur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tilgangur (síða er ekki enn til)">tilgangi</a>. Það sem við getum þekkt eða vitað eru staðreyndir, <a href="/wiki/Sannleikur" title="Sannleikur">sannleikur</a> eða <a href="/wiki/Uppl%C3%BDsingar" title="Upplýsingar">upplýsingar</a>. Öflun þekkingar er nefnd <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A6rd%C3%B3mur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lærdómur (síða er ekki enn til)">lærdómur</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skilgreining">Skilgreining</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Breyti hluta: Skilgreining" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Skilgreining"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Þekkingarhugtakið</i> er tengt <a href="/wiki/Hugtak" title="Hugtak">hugtökum</a> á borð við skoðun, sannleika, <a href="/wiki/Merking" title="Merking">merkingu</a>, upplýsingum, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lei%C3%B0beiningar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leiðbeiningar (síða er ekki enn til)">leiðbeiningum</a> og <a href="/wiki/Samskipti" title="Samskipti">samskiptum</a>. </p><p>Í <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eekkingarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Þekkingarfræði">þekkingarfræði</a>, þeirri <a href="/wiki/Undirgrein" class="mw-redirect" title="Undirgrein">undirgrein</a> <a href="/wiki/Heimspeki" title="Heimspeki">heimspekinnar</a> sem fæst við <a href="/wiki/E%C3%B0li" title="Eðli">eðli</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uppspretta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uppspretta (síða er ekki enn til)">uppsprettu</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Takm%C3%B6rk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takmörk (síða er ekki enn til)">takmörk</a> þekkingar, er þekking jafnan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skilgreining&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skilgreining (síða er ekki enn til)">skilgreind</a> sem <a href="/wiki/Sannleikur" title="Sannleikur">sönn</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6kstu%C3%B0ningur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rökstuðningur (síða er ekki enn til)">rökstudd</a> <a href="/wiki/Sko%C3%B0un" title="Skoðun">skoðun</a>. Þessi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skilgreining&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skilgreining (síða er ekki enn til)">skilgreining</a> kemur fyrst fyrir í samræðunni <i><a href="/wiki/Menon_(Platon)" title="Menon (Platon)">Menon</a></i> eftir <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> (en Platon hafnaði henni sem ófullnægjandi síðar í samræðunni <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ee%C3%A6tetos_(Platon)" title="Þeætetos (Platon)">Þeætetos</a></i>). Nú er almennt talið að þetta séu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nau%C3%B0synleg_skilyr%C3%B0i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nauðsynleg skilyrði (síða er ekki enn til)">nauðsynleg</a> en ekki <a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A6gjanleg_skilyr%C3%B0i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nægjanleg skilyrði (síða er ekki enn til)">nægjanleg skilyrði</a> þekkingar. </p><p>Það er umdeilt hvað telst vera þekking, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fullvissa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fullvissa (síða er ekki enn til)">fullvissa</a> eða sannleikur. Um þessi mál deila heimspekingar, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lagsv%C3%ADsindi" title="Félagsvísindi">félagsvísindamenn</a> og <a href="/wiki/Sagnfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Sagnfræði">sagnfræðingar</a>. <a href="/wiki/Austurr%C3%ADki" title="Austurríki">Austurríski</a> heimspekingurinn <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a> skrifaði <i>Um fullvissu</i> – stutt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spakm%C3%A6li&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spakmæli (síða er ekki enn til)">spakmæli</a> um þessi hugtök – þar sem hann rannsakaði <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengsl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tengsl (síða er ekki enn til)">tengslin</a> á milli þekkingar og fullvissu. Einn þráðurinn í hugsun hans hefur verið einn helsti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Innbl%C3%A1stur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Innblástur (síða er ekki enn til)">innblásturinn</a> að þeirri undirgrein heimspekinnar sem kallast <a href="/wiki/Athafnafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Athafnafræði">athafnafræði</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Réttlætingarvandinn"><span id="R.C3.A9ttl.C3.A6tingarvandinn"></span>Réttlætingarvandinn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Breyti hluta: Réttlætingarvandinn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Réttlætingarvandinn"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lengst af í <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saga_heimspekinnar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saga heimspekinnar (síða er ekki enn til)">sögu heimspekinnar</a> var <i>þekking</i> talin vera skoðun sem var rökstudd og sönn og fól í sér réttlætta fullvissu. Allar skoðanir sem fólu ekki í sér réttlætta fullvissu voru nefndar einungis <i>sennilegar skoðanir</i>. Oft skilgreina heimspekingar þekkingu enn sem sanna rökstudda skoðun. Þekkingarfræðin er sú undirgrein heimspekinnar sem fjallar um <a href="/wiki/E%C3%B0li" title="Eðli">eðli</a> þekkingar, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uppspretta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uppspretta (síða er ekki enn til)">uppsprettu</a> hennar og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Takm%C3%B6rk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takmörk (síða er ekki enn til)">takmörk</a>. </p><p>En hvernig getum við sýnt fram á að skoðanir okkar séu þekking? Réttlæting og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitnisbur%C3%B0ur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vitnisburður (síða er ekki enn til)">vitnisburður</a> eru hvort tveggja þekkingarfræðileg <a href="/w/index.php?title=Einkenni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Einkenni (síða er ekki enn til)">einkenni</a> skoðana. Þau eru, með öðrum <a href="/wiki/Or%C3%B0" title="Orð">orðum</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eiginleiki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eiginleiki (síða er ekki enn til)">eiginleikar</a> sem gefa til kynna að skoðun sé eða kunni að vera sönn. Við gætum reynt að nota önnur þekkingarfræðileg einkenni í skilgreiningunni á þekkingu ef við vildum. Í stað „sannrar rökstuddrar skoðunar“ eða „sannrar skoðunar ásamt vitnisburði“ gætum við sagt að þekking sé „skynsöm sönn skoðun“ eða „réttlætt sönn skoðun“. Munurinn á þessum möguleikum skiptir litlu hér. Aðalatriðið er að til þess að skoðun geti talist vera þekking, verður hún að hafa einhver jákvæð þekkingarfræðileg einkenni. Hún getur ekki verið handahófskennd, tilviljanakennd eða órökrétt. Þekkingarfræðingar fjalla um þessi efni í umfjöllun sinni um <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9ttl%C3%A6ting" class="mw-disambig" title="Réttlæting">réttlætingu</a> skoðana. </p><p>Einn þekktur skilgreiningarvandi um þekkingu er þekktur sem <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gettier_vandinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gettier vandinn (síða er ekki enn til)">Gettier vandinn</a></i>. Gettier vandinn verður til vegna tiltekinna <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gagnd%C3%A6mi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gagndæmi (síða er ekki enn til)">gagndæma</a> við skilgreiningu þekkingar sem sönn rökstudd skoðun. Gettier gagndæmi eru gagndæmi sem sýna að við tilteknar aðstæður getur maður haft sanna rökstudda skoðun en samt sem áður ekki búið yfir þekkingu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Efahyggja">Efahyggja</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Breyti hluta: Efahyggja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Efahyggja"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Þegar <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADsindama%C3%B0ur" class="mw-redirect" title="Vísindamaður">vísindamenn</a> eða heimspekingar syrja „Er þekking möguleg?“ eiga þeir við „Hef ég einhvern tímann svo rökstudda og gulltryggða skoðun að ég geti kallað hana þekkingu?“ Heimspekilegir <a href="/wiki/Efahyggja" title="Efahyggja">efahyggjumenn</a> segja oft „nei“ eða reyna að sýna fram á að ekki fáist úr því skorið. Heimspekileg efahyggja er annaðhvort sú <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afsta%C3%B0a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afstaða (síða er ekki enn til)">afstaða</a> að þekking sé ómöguleg þar sem nægjanleg réttlæting skoðana sé ófáanleg eða að það sé ekki hægt að vita hvort þekking sé möguleg né heldur neitt annað þar sem við höfum jafnmikla <a href="/wiki/%C3%81st%C3%A6%C3%B0a" title="Ástæða">ástæðu</a> til þess að trúa og til þess að trúa ekki einhverju; og þess vegna verðum við að fresta því að fella dóma. (Sumir efahyggjumenn hafna því að fyrrnefnda afstaðan sé efahyggja, sjá <a href="/wiki/Sextos_Empeirikos" title="Sextos Empeirikos">Sextos Empeirikos</a> og <a href="/wiki/Pyrrhonismi" title="Pyrrhonismi">pyrrhonismi</a>). </p><p>Þetta er önnur afstaða en <a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%ADsindaleg_efahyggja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vísindaleg efahyggja (síða er ekki enn til)">Vísindaleg efahyggja</a> sem er sú <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vinnuregla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vinnuregla (síða er ekki enn til)">vinnuregla</a> að fallast ekki á neina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fullyr%C3%B0ingu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fullyrðingu (síða er ekki enn til)">fullyrðingu</a> fyrr en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitnisbur%C3%B0ur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vitnisburður (síða er ekki enn til)">vitnisburður</a> hefur fengist fyrir henni. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Félagsfræði_þekkingar"><span id="F.C3.A9lagsfr.C3.A6.C3.B0i_.C3.BEekkingar"></span>Félagsfræði þekkingar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Breyti hluta: Félagsfræði þekkingar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Félagsfræði þekkingar"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sumar hliðar þekkingar hafa félagsleg einkenni. Þekking er til dæmis eins konar félagsleg <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ver%C3%B0m%C3%A6ti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verðmæti (síða er ekki enn til)">verðmæti</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A9lagsfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i_%C3%BEekkingar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Félagsfræði þekkingar (síða er ekki enn til)">Félagsfræði þekkingar</a> rannsakar hvernig <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengsl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tengsl (síða er ekki enn til)">tengslunum</a> er háttað á milli <a href="/wiki/Samf%C3%A9lag" title="Samfélag">samfélagsins</a> og þekkingar. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Einstaklingur" title="Einstaklingur">Einstaklingar</a> og <a href="/wiki/Menningarsamf%C3%A9lag" class="mw-redirect" title="Menningarsamfélag">menningarsamfélög</a> auka þekkingu sína með <a href="/wiki/Reynsla" title="Reynsla">reynslu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Athugun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Athugun (síða er ekki enn til)">Athugunum</a> og <a href="/wiki/Aflei%C3%B0sla" title="Afleiðsla">afleiðslu</a>. Auk félagsfræði þekkingar rannsakar <a href="/wiki/Mannfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Mannfræði">mannfræðin</a> útbreiðslu þessarar þekkingar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aðrar_skilgreiningar"><span id="A.C3.B0rar_skilgreiningar"></span>Aðrar skilgreiningar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Breyti hluta: Aðrar skilgreiningar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Aðrar skilgreiningar"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Þekking er „upplýsingar ásamt reynslu, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhengi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samhengi (síða er ekki enn til)">samhengi</a>, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BAlkun" class="mw-disambig" title="Túlkun">túlkun</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Dhugun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Íhugun (síða er ekki enn til)">íhugun</a>. Hún er <a href="/wiki/Afur%C3%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Afurð">afurð</a> vandlegrar <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Arvinnsla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Úrvinnsla (síða er ekki enn til)">úrvinnslu</a> upplýsinga sem eru tilbúnar til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Notkun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Notkun (síða er ekki enn til)">notkunar</a> við <a href="/wiki/%C3%81kvar%C3%B0anataka" title="Ákvarðanataka">ákvarðanatöku</a> og í <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ath%C3%B6fn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Athöfn (síða er ekki enn til)">athöfnum</a>.“ T. Davenport o.fl., 1998. </p><p>„Þekking sem er falin í orðum eða táknum er þekking sem hægt er að miðla á formlegu, kerfisbundnu máli. Á hinn bóginn hefur þögul þekking persónuleg einkenni sem gera að verkum að erfitt er að formgera hana og tjá hana öðrum.“ I. Nonaka, 1994 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tilvitnanir">Tilvitnanir</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Breyti hluta: Tilvitnanir" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Tilvitnanir"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>„Þekkingarþráin er öllum mönnum í blóð borin.“ <a href="/wiki/Arist%C3%B3teles" title="Aristóteles">Aristóteles</a> (384-322 f.Kr.), <i>Frumspekin</i> I, 980a21. (þýð. Svavars Hrafns Svavarssonar)</li> <li>„En það er einnig hægt að trúa því sem er í raun staðreynd án þess að vita það.“ <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Jules_Ayer" title="Alfred Jules Ayer">Alfred Jules Ayer</a> (1910-1989), í <i>The Problem of Knowledge</i></li> <li>„Ég dreg því þá ályktun að nauðsynleg og nægjanleg skilyrði þess að maður viti eitthvað séu í fyrsta lagi þau að það sem maður er sagður vita sé satt, í öðru lagi að maður sé viss um það og í þriðja lagi að maður hafi rétt á því að vera viss um það.“ <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Jules_Ayer" title="Alfred Jules Ayer">Alfred Jules Ayer</a> (1910-1989) í <i>The Problem of Knowledge</i></li> <li>„Ég hef ekki sagt mikið um þekkingu okkar á því sem býr hugum okkar sjálfra. Líkt og öll önnur þekking getur hún ekki verið til í einangrun frá félagslegum rótum sínum; hugmyndin um mann sjálfan sem sjálfstæða verund veltur á því að við áttum okkur á tilvist annarra, og það gerist fyrst og fremst í gegnum samskipti við aðra.“ <a href="/wiki/Donald_Davidson" title="Donald Davidson">Donald Davidson</a> (1917-2003)</li> <li>„Ákveðin undrun - til dæmis á frelsi, þekkingu og tilgangi lífsins - virðist mér fela í sér meiri innsýn heldur en allar hinar svonefndu lausnir við þessum vandamálum. Undrunin er ekki afleiðing mistaka í beitingu tungumálsins eða í hugsun, og það er engin von um að kantískur eða wittgensteinískur hreinleiki fáist með því að forðast ákveðnar freistandi gildrur í beitingu skynseminnar eða tungumálsins.“ <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nagel" title="Thomas Nagel">Thomas Nagel</a> (1937- ) í <i>The View From Nowhere</i></li> <li>„Er einhver þekking til í heiminum sem er svo örugg að skynsamur maður gæti ekki efast um hana? Þessi spurning, sem virðist ef til vill við fyrstu sýn ekki afar erfið viðureignar, er í raun erfiðasta spurning sem hægt er að spyrja. Þegar við höfum gert okkur grein fyrir hindrununum sem standa í vegi fyrir einföldu og öruggu svari, þá höfum við byrjað að iðka heimspeki - því heimspeki er einungis tilraun til að svara slíkum spurningum, ekki af kæruleysi eða kreddufestu, líkt og við gerum í daglegu lífi okkar og jafnvel í vísindum líka, heldur á gagnrýninn hátt, eftir að við höfum rannsakað allt sem gerir spurningar af þessu tagi erfiðar og eftir allan óskýrleikann og alla ringulreiðina sem kraumar undir hefðbundnum hversdagslegum hugmyndum okkar.“ <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a> (1872-1970), í <i>The Problems of Philosophy</i></li> <li>„Ég veit ekki einu sinni þetta eitt, að ég viti ekki neitt. Ég dreg hins vegar þessa ályktun bæði um mig og aðra menn.“ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fransisco_Sanches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fransisco Sanches (síða er ekki enn til)">Fransisco Sanches</a> (1551-1623) í <i>Að ekkert er vitað</i> (<i>Quod nihil scitur</i>)</li> <li>„Við sjáum bara ekki hversu sérhæfð notkun orðanna ‚Ég veit‘ er.“ Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951)</li> <li>„Því ‚Ég veit‘ virðist lýsa stöðu mála sem tryggir það sem er vitað, tryggir að það er staðreynd. Maður gleymir alltaf orðunum „Ég taldi mig ‚vita‘.“ Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951)</li> <li>„Ég trúi því sem ég veit.“ Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951)</li> <li>„Barnið lærir með því að trúa þeim fullorðna. Efinn kemur á eftir trúnni.“ Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951)</li> <li>„Gæti einhver skilið orðið ‚sársauki‘ sem ekki hefði fundið til sársauka? - Kennir reynslan mér að svona sé því farið eða ekki? - Og ef við segjum ‚Maður gæti ekki ímyndað sér sársauka án þess að hafa fundið til einhvern tímann‘ - hvernig myndum við vita það? Hvernig fæst úr því skorið hvort það sé satt eða ekki? <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a> (1889-1951)</li> <li>„Ég sit úti í garði með heimspekingi; hann segir hvað eftir annað ‚Ég veit að þetta er tré‘ og bendir á tré sem er nálægt okkur. Einhver annar kemur til okkar og heyrir þetta. Ég segi honum: ‚Þessi maður er ekki klikkaður. Við erum bara að stunda heimspeki.‘“ <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a> (1889-1951) í <i>Um fullvissu</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tengt_efni">Tengt efni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Breyti hluta: Tengt efni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Tengt efni"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athafnafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Athafnafræði">Athafnafræði</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efahyggja" title="Efahyggja">Efahyggja</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fullvissa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fullvissa (síða er ekki enn til)">Fullvissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Gettier" title="Edmund Gettier">Edmund Gettier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrhon" title="Pyrrhon">Pyrrhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrhonismi" title="Pyrrhonismi">Pyrrhonismi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raunhyggja" title="Raunhyggja">Raunhyggja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6khyggja" title="Rökhyggja">Rökhyggja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannleikur" title="Sannleikur">Sannleikur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sextos_Empeirikos" title="Sextos Empeirikos">Sextos Empeirikos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sko%C3%B0un" title="Skoðun">Skoðun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sta%C3%B0reynd" title="Staðreynd">Staðreynd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADsindaheimspeki" title="Vísindaheimspeki">Vísindaheimspeki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%ADsindaleg_efahyggja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vísindaleg efahyggja (síða er ekki enn til)">Vísindaleg efahyggja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADsindi" title="Vísindi">Vísindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eekkingarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Þekkingarfræði">Þekkingarfræði</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tenglar">Tenglar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Breyti hluta: Tenglar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Tenglar"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1870427">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .side-box{background-color:#0f0f0f;color:white}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .side-box{background-color:#0f0f0f;color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1795920">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikivitnun" title="Wikivitnun">Wikivitnun</a> er með safn tilvitnana á síðunni <i><b><a href="https://is.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/%C3%9Eekking" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Þekking">Þekking</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://polywog.navpoint.com/philosophy/epistemology/gettier_prob/">„The Gettier problem: Justified true belief?“</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050514075044/http://polywog.navpoint.com/philosophy/epistemology/gettier_prob/">Geymt</a> 14 maí 2005 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.princeton.edu/~jimpryor/courses/epist/notes/gettier.html">„Theory of Knowledge: The Gettier problem“</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060210112538/http://www.princeton.edu/~jimpryor/courses/epist/notes/gettier.html">Geymt</a> 10 febrúar 2006 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://informationr.net/ir/8-1/paper142.html">„The Duality of Knowledge“</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.groovyweb.uklinux.net/?page_name=philosophy%20of%20knowledge&category=philosophy">„Philosophy of Knowledge Glossary“</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060427044502/http://www.groovyweb.uklinux.net/?page_name=philosophy%20of%20knowledge&category=philosophy">Geymt</a> 27 apríl 2006 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><i>Dictionary of Philosophy of Mind:</i> „<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://philosophy.uwaterloo.ca/MindDict/knowledge.html">Knowledge</a>“</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a>:</i> „<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/epistemology-bayesian">Bayesian Epistemology</a>“</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a>:</i> „<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/epistemology">Epistemology</a>“</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a>:</i> „<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/epistemology-evolutionary">Evolutionary Epistemology</a>“</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a>:</i> „<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=49347">„Hvers konar þekking er öruggust?“</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADsindavefurinn" title="Vísindavefurinn">Vísindavefurinn</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=V%C3%ADsindavefurinn&rft.atitle=Hvers+konar+%C3%BEekking+er+%C3%B6ruggust%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visindavefur.is%2Fsvar.php%3Fid%3D49347&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%9Eekking" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1870430"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1873994"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=6722">„Skynjum við hlutina beint og milliliðalaust?“</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADsindavefurinn" title="Vísindavefurinn">Vísindavefurinn</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=V%C3%ADsindavefurinn&rft.atitle=Skynjum+vi%C3%B0+hlutina+beint+og+millili%C3%B0alaust%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visindavefur.is%2Fsvar.php%3Fid%3D6722&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fis.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%9Eekking" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heimildir">Heimildir</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Breyti hluta: Heimildir" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Eekking&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Heimildir"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fyrirmynd greinarinnar var „<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge" class="extiw" title="en:Knowledge">Knowledge</a></i>“ á <a href="/wiki/Enska" title="Enska">ensku</a> útgáfu <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>. Sótt 20. október 2005. </p> <ul><li>Creath, Richard, „Induction and the Gettier Problem“, <i>Philosophy and Phenomenological Research</i>, LII, (2) (júní) 1992.</li> <li>Feldman, Richard, „An Alleged Defect in Gettier Counterexamples“, <i>Australasian Journal of Philosophy</i>, 52 (1974): 68-69.</li> <li>Gettier, Edmund, „Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?“, <i>Analysis</i> 23 (1963): 121-23.</li> <li>Goldman, Alvin I., „Discrimination and Perceptual Knowledge“, <i>Journal of Philosophy</i>, 73.20 (1976), 771-791.</li> <li>Hetherington, Stephen, „Actually Knowing“, <i>The Philosophical Quarterly</i>, 48 (193), (október) (1998).</li> <li>Lehrer, Keith og Thomas D. Paxon, Jr., „Knowledge: Undefeated Justified True Belief“, <i>The Journal of Philosophy</i>, 66.8 (1969): 225-237.</li> <li>Levi, Don S., „The Gettier Problem and the Parable of the Ten Coins“, <i>Philosophy</i>, 70, 1995.</li> <li>Swain, Marshall, „Epistemic Defeasibility“, <i>American Philosophical Quarterly</i>, II, (I), (janúar) 1974.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20050302055841/www4.mmedia.is/geirth/spakmaeli.htm">Vefsíða Geirs Þórarinssonar</a>. Tilvitnanir fengnar af síðunni, þýð. hans nema annað sé tekið fram.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Sótt frá „<a dir="ltr" href="https://is.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Þekking&oldid=1738974">https://is.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Þekking&oldid=1738974</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Flokkar" title="Kerfissíða:Flokkar">Flokkar</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flokkur:%C3%9Eekkingarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Flokkur:Þekkingarfræði">Þekkingarfræði</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Flokkur:Heimspekileg_hugt%C3%B6k" title="Flokkur:Heimspekileg hugtök">Heimspekileg hugtök</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Þessari síðu var síðast breytt 22. desember 2021, klukkan 13:48.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Textinn er gefinn út samkvæmt <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:H%C3%B6fundar%C3%A9ttur" title="Wikipedia:Höfundaréttur">Creative Commons Tilvísun-DeilaEins leyfi</a>. 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