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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_modern_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_modern_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Early modern period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_modern_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_and_19th_centuries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_and_19th_centuries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>18th and 19th centuries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_and_19th_centuries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-World_War_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>World War I</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Student_population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Student population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mayor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mayor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Mayor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mayor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buildings_and_landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buildings_and_landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Buildings and landmarks</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Buildings_and_landmarks-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Buildings and landmarks subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Buildings_and_landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Secular" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secular"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Secular</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secular-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Religious</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colleges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Colleges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Born_in_Leuven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Born_in_Leuven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Born in Leuven</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Born_in_Leuven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lived_in_Leuven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lived_in_Leuven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Lived in Leuven</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lived_in_Leuven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Twin_towns/sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns/sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Twin towns/sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns/sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Friendly_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Friendly_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Friendly relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Friendly_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Leuven</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 76 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D9%86" title="لوفن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لوفن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B5%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Լյովեն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Լյովեն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ven" title="Löven – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Löven" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лёвен – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лёвен" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Лёвэн – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лёвэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Льовен – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Льовен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovaina" title="Lovaina – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lovaina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven_(parokya)" title="Leuven (parokya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Leuven (parokya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lova%C5%88" title="Lovaň – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lovaň" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6wen" title="Löwen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Löwen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%AD%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%BD" title="Λέβεν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λέβεν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovaina" title="Lovaina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lovaina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loveno" title="Loveno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Loveno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovaina_(hiria)" title="Lovaina (hiria) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lovaina (hiria)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="لوون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لوون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvain" title="Louvain – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Louvain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lov%C3%A1in" title="Lováin – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Lováin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A2%B0%EB%B2%88" title="뢰번 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뢰번" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B5%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Լյովեն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լյովեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovanio" title="Lovanio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lovanio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9F" title="לוון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לוון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovanium" title="Lovanium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lovanium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%93vena" title="Lēvena – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lēvena" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9iwen" title="Léiwen – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Léiwen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenas" title="Levenas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Levenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuve" title="Leuve – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Leuve" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%86" title="لويفن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لويفن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3" title="ルーヴェン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルーヴェン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6%C3%B6wen_(Steed)" title="Lööwen (Steed) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Lööwen (Steed)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovaina" title="Lovaina – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lovaina" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvain" title="Louvain – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Louvain" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovaina" title="Lovaina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lovaina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лёвен – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лёвен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Левен – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Левен" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D3%A9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Лөвен – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Лөвен" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="เลอเฟิน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เลอเฟิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Левен – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Левен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86" title="لووین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لووین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%AE-Lov%C3%A9n" title="Vî-Lovén – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Vî-Lovén" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E6%B1%B6" title="鲁汶 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="鲁汶" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E6%B1%B6" title="魯汶 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="魯汶" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuven" title="Leuven – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Leuven" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E6%B1%B6" title="鲁汶 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鲁汶" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q118958#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Leuven&params=50_53_N_04_42_E_region:BE_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°53′N</span> <span class="longitude">04°42′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.883°N 4.700°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.883; 4.700</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Capital of Flemish Brabant province, Belgium</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Louvain" and "Lowen" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Louvain_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Louvain (disambiguation)">Louvain (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lowen_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Lowen (disambiguation)">Lowen (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City and municipality in Flemish Community, Belgium</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Leuven</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Louvain</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Belgium" title="City status in Belgium">City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Belgium" title="Municipalities of Belgium">municipality</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tafelrond_Leuven_-_385956_-_onroerenderfgoed.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Leuven Town Hall in 2019"><img alt="Leuven Town Hall in 2019" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Tafelrond_Leuven_-_385956_-_onroerenderfgoed.jpg/250px-Tafelrond_Leuven_-_385956_-_onroerenderfgoed.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Tafelrond_Leuven_-_385956_-_onroerenderfgoed.jpg/375px-Tafelrond_Leuven_-_385956_-_onroerenderfgoed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Tafelrond_Leuven_-_385956_-_onroerenderfgoed.jpg/500px-Tafelrond_Leuven_-_385956_-_onroerenderfgoed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6453" data-file-height="5244" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><a href="/wiki/Leuven_Town_Hall" title="Leuven Town Hall">Leuven Town Hall</a> in 2019</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Leuven.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Leuven"><img alt="Flag of Leuven" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_Leuven.svg/120px-Flag_of_Leuven.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_Leuven.svg/250px-Flag_of_Leuven.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wapen_van_Leuven.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Leuven"><img alt="Coat of arms of Leuven" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Wapen_van_Leuven.svg/120px-Wapen_van_Leuven.svg.png" decoding="async" width="76" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Wapen_van_Leuven.svg/250px-Wapen_van_Leuven.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="390" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; height:5px;">Location of Leuven</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <div class="center" style="margin-top:1em"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_77cb2bb19880bb9f2bbcec3de5037f9f1f14ecf4"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Leuven&revid=1281305808&groups=_77cb2bb19880bb9f2bbcec3de5037f9f1f14ecf4" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Leuven&revid=1281305808&groups=_77cb2bb19880bb9f2bbcec3de5037f9f1f14ecf4 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgium_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Leuven is located in Belgium"><img alt="Leuven is located in Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Belgium_location_map.svg/250px-Belgium_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Belgium_location_map.svg/500px-Belgium_location_map.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1136" data-file-height="988" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:35.269%;left:53.191%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Leuven"><img alt="Leuven" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Leuven</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Belgium <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843" /><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-top:2px; border:1px solid grey;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; font-size:115%; text-align: left; height:auto; padding:0.2em; padding-left:0.6em; padding-right:2em;">Location of Leuven in Flemish Brabant</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leuven_Flemish-Brabant_Belgium_Map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Leuven_Flemish-Brabant_Belgium_Map.svg/250px-Leuven_Flemish-Brabant_Belgium_Map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Leuven_Flemish-Brabant_Belgium_Map.svg/500px-Leuven_Flemish-Brabant_Belgium_Map.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1047" data-file-height="464" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Leuven&params=50_53_N_04_42_E_region:BE_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°53′N</span> <span class="longitude">04°42′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.883°N 4.700°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.883; 4.700</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Belgium</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Community</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Community" title="Flemish Community">Flemish Community</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Region" title="Flemish Region">Flemish Region</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Belgium" title="Provinces of Belgium">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant">Flemish Brabant</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Arrondissements_of_Belgium#Administrative" title="Arrondissements of Belgium">Arrondissement</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Leuven_Arrondissement" class="mw-redirect" title="Leuven Arrondissement">Leuven</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohamed_Ridouani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohamed Ridouani (page does not exist)">Mohamed Ridouani</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Ridouani" class="extiw" title="nl:Mohamed Ridouani">nl</a>]</span> (<a href="/wiki/Vooruit_(political_party)" title="Vooruit (political party)">Vooruit</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Governing party/ies</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vooruit_(political_party)" title="Vooruit (political party)">Vooruit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Groen_(political_party)" title="Groen (political party)">Groen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christen-Democratisch_en_Vlaams" class="mw-redirect" title="Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams">CD&V</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">57.51 km<sup>2</sup> (22.20 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021-01-01)<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-f4e36f47530a0d86a13a8e044524bb43ffb97c83-v18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-f4e36f47530a0d86a13a8e044524bb43ffb97c83-v18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">101,032</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,800/km<sup>2</sup> (4,600/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Leuvener</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Belgium" title="Postal codes in Belgium">Postal codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">3000, 3001, 3010, 3012, 3018</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/NIS_code" title="NIS code">NIS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">24062</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Belgium" title="Telephone numbers in Belgium">Area codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">016</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leuven.be">www.leuven.be</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_Leuven.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Logo_of_Leuven.svg/120px-Logo_of_Leuven.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Logo_of_Leuven.svg/250px-Logo_of_Leuven.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div class="center"><a href="/wiki/Logo" title="Logo">Logo</a> of Leuven</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Leuven</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɜː/: r-less 'ur' in 'nurse'">ɜː</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut'">ʌ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Dutch:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="nl-Latn-NL-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[ˈløːvə(n)]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/37\/Nl_be-Leuven.ogg\/Nl_be-Leuven.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Nl be-Leuven.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/Nl_be-Leuven.ogg/Nl_be-Leuven.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl_be-Leuven.ogg" title="File:Nl be-Leuven.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>), also called <b>Louvain</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/æ̃/: nasal 'in' in 'vin blanc'">æ̃</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a> also </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[luvɛ̃]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/b\/bc\/Louvain-FR.wav\/Louvain-FR.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Louvain-FR.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bc/Louvain-FR.wav/Louvain-FR.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Louvain-FR.wav" title="File:Louvain-FR.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span>), is the capital and largest <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Belgium" title="City status in Belgium">city</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Belgium" title="Provinces of Belgium">province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant">Flemish Brabant</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Region" title="Flemish Region">Flemish Region</a> of <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>. It is located about 25 kilometres (16 miles) east of <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>. The municipality itself comprises the <a href="/wiki/Deelgemeente" title="Deelgemeente">sub-municipalities</a> of <a href="/wiki/Heverlee" title="Heverlee">Heverlee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kessel-Lo" title="Kessel-Lo">Kessel-Lo</a>, Leuven proper, <a href="/wiki/Wilsele" title="Wilsele">Wilsele</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wijgmaal" title="Wijgmaal">Wijgmaal</a> and part of <a href="/wiki/Haasrode,_Leuven" title="Haasrode, Leuven">Haasrode</a> and <a href="/wiki/Korbeek-Lo,_Leuven" title="Korbeek-Lo, Leuven">Korbeek-Lo</a>. It is the eighth largest city in Belgium, with more than 100,244 inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Leuven has been a university city since 1425. This makes it the oldest university city in the <a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a>. <a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven">KU Leuven</a>, the largest Dutch-speaking university in the world and the largest university in the Low Countries (and thus also Belgium's largest university), has its flagship campus in Leuven.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city is home of the headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Anheuser-Busch_InBev" class="mw-redirect" title="Anheuser-Busch InBev">Anheuser-Busch InBev</a>, the world's largest beer brewer<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sixth-largest <a href="/wiki/Fast-moving_consumer_goods" title="Fast-moving consumer goods">fast-moving consumer goods</a> company.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Leuven" title="Timeline of Leuven">Timeline of Leuven</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leuven,_Belgium_;_Ferraris_Map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Leuven%2C_Belgium_%3B_Ferraris_Map.jpg/250px-Leuven%2C_Belgium_%3B_Ferraris_Map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Leuven%2C_Belgium_%3B_Ferraris_Map.jpg/330px-Leuven%2C_Belgium_%3B_Ferraris_Map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Leuven%2C_Belgium_%3B_Ferraris_Map.jpg/500px-Leuven%2C_Belgium_%3B_Ferraris_Map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="652" data-file-height="564" /></a><figcaption>"Loven ou Louvain" on the <a href="/wiki/Ferraris_map" title="Ferraris map">Ferraris map</a> (around 1775)</figcaption></figure> <p>The earliest mention of Leuven (<i>Loven</i>) dates from 891, when a Viking army was defeated by the <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Frankish</a> king <a href="/wiki/Arnulf_of_Carinthia" title="Arnulf of Carinthia">Arnulf of Carinthia</a> (see: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leuven_(891)" title="Battle of Leuven (891)">Battle of Leuven</a>). According to a legend, the city's red and white arms depict the blood-stained shores of the river <a href="/wiki/Dyle_(river)" title="Dyle (river)">Dyle</a> after this battle, similarly to the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Austria" title="Flag of Austria">flag of Austria</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Latvia" title="Flag of Latvia">flag of Latvia</a>. </p><p>Situated beside this river, and near to the stronghold of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brabant" title="Duchy of Brabant">Dukes of Brabant</a>, Leuven became the most important centre of trade in the <a href="/wiki/Duchy" title="Duchy">duchy</a> between the 11th and 14th centuries. A token of its former importance as a centre of cloth manufacture is shown in that ordinary linen cloth was known, in late-14th-century and 15th-century texts, as <i>lewyn</i> (other spellings: <i>Leuwyn</i>, <i>Levyne</i>, <i>Lewan(e)</i>, <i>Lovanium</i>, <i>Louvain</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_modern_period">Early modern period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early modern period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 15th century, a new golden era began with the founding of the largest and oldest university in the <a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Old University of Leuven">University of Leuven</a>, in 1425.<sup id="cite_ref-Inc2009_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inc2009-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prestigious buildings like the <a href="/wiki/Leuven_Town_Hall" title="Leuven Town Hall">Town Hall</a> and the <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Church,_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter's Church, Leuven">Saint Peter's Church</a> (itself designated a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/Belfries_of_Belgium_and_France" title="Belfries of Belgium and France">World Heritage Site</a> in 1999) were constructed. The art of painting flourished with painters such as <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Bouts" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirk Bouts">Dirk Bouts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Bouts" class="mw-redirect" title="Albrecht Bouts">Albrecht Bouts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jan_Rombouts_the_Elder" title="Jan Rombouts the Elder">Jan Rombouts the Elder</a>. The painter <a href="/wiki/Quinten_Metsys" class="mw-redirect" title="Quinten Metsys">Quinten Metsys</a> was born and trained in Leuven. </p><p>By the turn of the 16th century, Leuven had become a major European center for art and knowledge with humanists like <a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hieronymus_van_Busleyden" title="Hieronymus van Busleyden">Hieronymus van Busleyden</a> working there. In 1517 the latter founded the <a href="/wiki/Collegium_Trilingue" title="Collegium Trilingue">Collegium Trilingue</a> in which the three ancient languages: <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a> were taught. It promoted the critical study of classical literature and the Bible. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">Thomas More</a> published his <a href="/wiki/Utopia_(More_book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Utopia (More book)"><i>Utopia</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Martens" title="Dirk Martens">Dirk Martens</a> printing house in Leuven in 1516. <a href="/wiki/Gemma_Frisius" title="Gemma Frisius">Gemma Frisius</a> laid the foundation for modern triangulation methods and cartography. He further made important contributions to mathematics, geography and astronomy. <a href="/wiki/Gerardus_Mercator" title="Gerardus Mercator">Gerardus Mercator</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Dee" title="John Dee">John Dee</a> were among his students. Leuven became a leading centre for the fabrication of precision astronomical instruments, such as the planetaria and the terrestrial and celestial globes built by <a href="/wiki/Gaspard_van_der_Heyden" title="Gaspard van der Heyden">Gaspard van der Heyden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gualterus_Arsenius" title="Gualterus Arsenius">Gualterus Arsenius</a>. <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Vesalius" title="Andreas Vesalius">Andreas Vesalius</a> completed his medicine studies in Leuven, before moving to Padova and Basel. Religious persecutions of Protestants, followed by greater religious and political turmoil starting in the late 1560s, greatly affected intellectual life in Leuven. Many professors and alumni from Leuven moved abroad. The newly founded <a href="/wiki/University_of_Leiden" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Leiden">University of Leiden</a> in Holland, amongst others, would profit greatly from this brain drain. Despite this the university continued to excel in disciplines like theology with <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Molanus" class="mw-redirect" title="Johannes Molanus">Johannes Molanus</a> and classical studies with <a href="/wiki/Justus_Lipsius" title="Justus Lipsius">Justus Lipsius</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_and_19th_centuries">18th and 19th centuries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 18th and 19th centuries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leuven,_Belgium_(ca._1890-1900).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Leuven%2C_Belgium_%28ca._1890-1900%29.jpg/250px-Leuven%2C_Belgium_%28ca._1890-1900%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Leuven%2C_Belgium_%28ca._1890-1900%29.jpg/330px-Leuven%2C_Belgium_%28ca._1890-1900%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Leuven%2C_Belgium_%28ca._1890-1900%29.jpg/500px-Leuven%2C_Belgium_%28ca._1890-1900%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3403" data-file-height="2476" /></a><figcaption>View over Leuven, late 19th century</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 18th century, the brewery Den Horn (meaning "the horn") flourished. In 1708, Sebastien Artois became the master brewer at Den Horn, and gave his name to the brewery in 1717, now part of <a href="/wiki/AB_InBev" title="AB InBev">AB InBev</a>, whose flagship beer, <a href="/wiki/Stella_Artois" title="Stella Artois">Stella Artois</a>, is brewed in Leuven and sold in many countries. </p><p>Leuven developed considerably during the 19th century. Dozens of squares were created, including the Sint-Jacobsplein, the Volksplaats (today's <a href="/wiki/Ladeuzeplein" title="Ladeuzeplein">Ladeuzeplein</a>) and the Statieplein (today's Martelarenplein).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Even189597_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_Even189597-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1835, the streets of the city were lit with gas.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_Even189596_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_Even189596-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Voer stream was vaulted, the channels occupying the middle of the streets were removed, a number of narrow streets were widened or simply destroyed and a considerable number of sewers were installed. The municipal theatre and the main post office were built, respectively in 1866 and between 1893 and 1895.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDiriken200624_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDiriken200624-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also at this time that the central prison was built. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="World_War_I">World War I</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/The_Rape_of_Belgium#War_crimes" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rape of Belgium">The Rape of Belgium § War crimes</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Louvain" title="Sack of Louvain">Sack of Louvain</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Interior_of_the_Famous_Library_at_Louvain_destroyed_during_World_War_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Interior_of_the_Famous_Library_at_Louvain_destroyed_during_World_War_I.jpg/250px-Interior_of_the_Famous_Library_at_Louvain_destroyed_during_World_War_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Interior_of_the_Famous_Library_at_Louvain_destroyed_during_World_War_I.jpg/330px-Interior_of_the_Famous_Library_at_Louvain_destroyed_during_World_War_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Interior_of_the_Famous_Library_at_Louvain_destroyed_during_World_War_I.jpg/500px-Interior_of_the_Famous_Library_at_Louvain_destroyed_during_World_War_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2218" data-file-height="1248" /></a><figcaption>The ruins of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)" title="Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)">Catholic University of Leuven</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Academic_libraries_in_Leuven" title="Academic libraries in Leuven">library</a> after it was burned by the German army in 1914</figcaption></figure> <p>Leuven has several times been besieged or occupied by foreign armies; these include the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leuven_(891)" title="Battle of Leuven (891)">Battle of Leuven (891)</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leuven" title="Siege of Leuven">Siege of Leuven</a> (1635) and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leuven_(1831)" title="Battle of Leuven (1831)">Battle of Leuven (1831)</a>. In the 20th century, both world wars inflicted major damage upon the city. Upon Germany's entry into <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the town was heavily damaged by rampaging soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In all, about 300 civilians died.<sup id="cite_ref-eb12_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/University_Hall,_Leuven" title="University Hall, Leuven">The university library</a> was <a href="/wiki/List_of_destroyed_libraries" title="List of destroyed libraries">destroyed</a> on 25 August 1914, using petrol and incendiary pastilles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKramer20076,_8_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKramer20076,_8-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately 230,000 volumes were lost in the destruction, including <a href="/wiki/Gothic_art" title="Gothic art">Gothic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> manuscripts, a collection of 750 medieval manuscripts, and more than 1,000 <a href="/wiki/Incunabula" class="mw-redirect" title="Incunabula">incunabula</a> (books printed before 1501).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams201838_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams201838-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The German atrocities and the cultural destruction caused worldwide outrage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECharney2010122_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECharney2010122-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams201841_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams201841-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The burning of the city was done as a reprisal, which at the time was legal under international law, as the Germans alleged that Belgian civilians had taken part in the fighting and killed German troops.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-McNair_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNair-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The old library building was rebuilt after the war, and much of the collection was replaced. A new, dedicated Central Library was built on the square now known as <a href="/wiki/Ladeuzeplein" title="Ladeuzeplein">Ladeuzeplein</a>; it was officially opened on 4 July 1928.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="World_War_II">World War II</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In World War II, after the start of the <a href="/wiki/Case_Yellow" class="mw-redirect" title="Case Yellow">German offensive</a>, Leuven formed part of the <a href="/wiki/British_Expeditionary_Force_(World_War_II)" title="British Expeditionary Force (World War II)">British Expeditionary Force</a>'s front line and was defended by units of the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Division_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Division (United Kingdom)">3rd Division</a> and Belgian troops. From 14 to 16 May 1940, the German <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_B" title="Army Group B">Army Group B</a> assaulted the city with heavy air and artillery support. The British withdrew their forces to the <a href="/wiki/River_Senne" class="mw-redirect" title="River Senne">River Senne</a> on the night of 16 May and the town was occupied the next day.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new university library building was set on fire by shelling, on 16 May, and nearly a million books were lost.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Leuven (1991–2020) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF0E2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.6<br />(43.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4<br />(39.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.1<br />(62.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">11.2<br />(52.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2<br />(34.2) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9<br />(40.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9<br />(53.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5<br />(45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3<br />(39.7) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9<br />(35.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.9<br />(44.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.4<br />(2.77) </td> <td style="background: #99FF99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.2<br />(2.45) </td> <td style="background: #ADFFAD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.5<br />(2.15) </td> <td style="background: #BCFFBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.3<br />(1.70) </td> <td style="background: #ACFFAC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.5<br />(2.19) </td> <td style="background: #97FF97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.3<br />(2.65) </td> <td style="background: #92FF92; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.7<br />(2.86) </td> <td style="background: #88FF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.5<br />(3.13) </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.5<br />(2.38) </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.8<br />(2.47) </td> <td style="background: #95FF95; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.5<br />(2.70) </td> <td style="background: #82FF82; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.5<br />(3.29) </td> <td style="background: #9CFF9C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">780.7<br />(30.74) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.7 </td> <td style="background: #6161FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #7676FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1 </td> <td style="background: #8D8DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 </td> <td style="background: #8181FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #6868FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8 </td> <td style="background: #5757FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.6 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">129.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #6B6B6B; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #949494; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #BABA47; color:#000000;" class="notheme">129 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">181 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">210 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">211 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">217 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">204 </td> <td style="background: #CBCB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">160 </td> <td style="background: #B4B468; color:#000000;" class="notheme">117 </td> <td style="background: #7C7C7C; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #5B5B5B; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">50 </td> <td style="background: #C0C022; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,678 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: KMI/IRM<sup id="cite_ref-eather1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eather1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Given the presence of the <a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven">KU Leuven</a>, Europe's most innovative university according to Reuters,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> much of the local economy is concentrated on spin-offs from academic research. In addition, the Leuven-based research centre, <a href="/wiki/IMEC" title="IMEC">IMEC</a>, is a research centre in the field of nano-electronics and digital technologies. As a result, dozens of companies in high technological fields such as biotech, robotics, additive manufacturing and IT, are located near these research institutes on the Arenberg Science Park and <a href="/wiki/Haasrode_Research-Park" title="Haasrode Research-Park">Haasrode Research-Park</a>. Quite a few international companies such as <a href="/wiki/Siemens" title="Siemens">Siemens</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Huawei" title="Huawei">Huawei</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nitto_Denko" title="Nitto Denko">Nitto Denko</a>, JSR Corporation or Commscope have important, often research oriented branches, in Leuven. The academic hospital <a href="/wiki/UZ_Leuven" title="UZ Leuven">UZ Leuven</a>, first in Europe regarding the number of clinical tests per capita and approval rates for clinical trials, <a href="/wiki/UZ_Leuven" title="UZ Leuven">UZ Leuven</a> is another advanced research institute. It is one of Europe's largest academic hospitals. As a result, large numbers of private service providers are active in the medical, financial and legal fields. </p><p>Because it is the capital of the province of <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant">Flemish Brabant</a>, many governmental institutions are located in Leuven, as well as the regional headquarters of transport corporations such as <a href="/wiki/De_Lijn" title="De Lijn">De Lijn</a>. As one of Flanders Art-Cities,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a large range of cafés, restaurants, cultural institutions and shopping neighbourhoods, Leuven also attracts a growing number of tourists. </p><p>Leuven is the worldwide headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Anheuser-Busch_InBev" class="mw-redirect" title="Anheuser-Busch InBev">Anheuser-Busch InBev</a>, the largest beer company in the world and is considered one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Fast-moving_consumer_goods" title="Fast-moving consumer goods">fast-moving consumer goods</a> (FMCG) companies in the world. InBev's <a href="/wiki/Stella_Artois" title="Stella Artois">Stella Artois</a> brewery and main offices dominate the entire north-eastern part of the town, between the railway station and the <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canal</a> to <a href="/wiki/Mechelen" title="Mechelen">Mechelen</a>. Finally, Leuven is the ancestral home of the <a href="/wiki/KBC_Group" title="KBC Group">KBC Group</a>. KBC is one of the leading financial groups in Europe. It is a multi-channel bank-insurance group, with a geographic focus on Belgium and Central Europe, catering mainly to retail clients, SMEs and local midcaps. As one of the largest companies in Belgium and it has its insurance and auto lease HQ in Leuven. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 1 January 2024, the population of Leuven was 104,009. The <a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Leuven" title="Arrondissement of Leuven">arrondissement of Leuven</a> counted 527,443 in January 2024. </p><p>The city itself is made up out of the centre of Leuven (30,313), <a href="/wiki/Kessel-Lo" title="Kessel-Lo">Kessel-Lo</a> (29,147), <a href="/wiki/Heverlee" title="Heverlee">Heverlee</a> (22,521), <a href="/wiki/Wilsele" title="Wilsele">Wilsele</a> (9,786) and <a href="/wiki/Wijgmaal" title="Wijgmaal">Wijgmaal</a> (3,592). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_population">Student population</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Student population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Leuven has a large international student population, mainly concentrated around the city centre. The <a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</a> (<a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven">KU Leuven</a>; University of Leuven) has three campuses in the city, with a total of more than 50,000 students as of June 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the oldest Catholic university still in existence in the world, and the largest university in Belgium. There are also a number of <i><a href="/wiki/Hogescholen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hogescholen">hogescholen</a></i> (universities of applied sciences), such as the UC Leuven-Limburg (UCLL). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within the city and its immediate surroundings, most distances can be covered on foot or with a bicycle. Several streets are off-limits to vehicle traffic and, within the city centre, road speed regulations prescribe 30 km/h (19 mph) as the maximum speed limit, making it a pedestrian and bicycle-friendly city. There are also a few car parking lots. </p><p>There are numerous buses, primarily operated by the public transport company <a href="/wiki/De_Lijn" title="De Lijn">De Lijn</a>, that connect the city with the region while providing travel options within the city centre. The so-called Ringbus follows the <a href="/wiki/Ring_road" title="Ring road">ring road</a> of the city. Buses 91 and 616 connect Leuven with <a href="/wiki/Brussels_Airport" title="Brussels Airport">Brussels Airport</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Historisch_Station_Leuven.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Historisch_Station_Leuven.jpg/220px-Historisch_Station_Leuven.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Historisch_Station_Leuven.jpg/330px-Historisch_Station_Leuven.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Historisch_Station_Leuven.jpg/440px-Historisch_Station_Leuven.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5819" data-file-height="3274" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Leuven_railway_station" title="Leuven railway station">Leuven railway station</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Leuven_railway_station" title="Leuven railway station">Leuven railway station</a> is located on the <a href="/wiki/National_Railway_Company_of_Belgium" title="National Railway Company of Belgium">NMBS</a> railway lines 35 (Leuven–<a href="/wiki/Aarschot" title="Aarschot">Aarschot</a>–<a href="/wiki/Hasselt" title="Hasselt">Hasselt</a>), 36 (<a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>–<a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge" title="Liège">Liège</a>), 36N (<a href="/wiki/Schaerbeek" title="Schaerbeek">Schaerbeek</a>–Leuven), 53 (<a href="/wiki/Schellebelle" class="mw-redirect" title="Schellebelle">Schellebelle</a>–Leuven), and 139 (Leuven–<a href="/wiki/Ottignies" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottignies">Ottignies</a>). In <a href="/wiki/Bierbeek" title="Bierbeek">Bierbeek</a>, south-east of Leuven, lies the beginning of <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_Belgium" title="High-speed rail in Belgium">HSL 2</a>, the high-speed railway towards Liège. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/European_route_E40" title="European route E40">European route E40</a> passes Leuven in the south, the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E314" title="European route E314">European route E314</a> connects Leuven with the city of <a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mayor">Mayor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Mayor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Leuven" title="List of mayors of Leuven">List of mayors of Leuven</a></div> <p>After the municipal election on 13 October 2024, the Vooruit party strengthens its position. The governing coalition of Leuven will continue working together which consists of <a href="/wiki/Socialistische_Partij_Anders" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialistische Partij Anders">Vooruit</a> (23 out of 47 seats), <a href="/wiki/Groen_(political_party)" title="Groen (political party)">Groen</a> (5 seats) and <a href="/wiki/Christen-Democratisch_en_Vlaams" class="mw-redirect" title="Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams">CD&V</a> (7 seats), with Vooruit providing the mayor with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohamed_Ridouani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohamed Ridouani (page does not exist)">Mohamed Ridouani</a>. The opposition is composed of <a href="/wiki/New_Flemish_Alliance" title="New Flemish Alliance">N-VA</a> (10 seats), <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Belgium" title="Workers' Party of Belgium">PVDA</a> (1 seat) and <a href="/wiki/Vlaams_Belang" title="Vlaams Belang">Vlaams Belang</a> (1 seat).<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of Belgium's conservatories is based in Leuven: the <a href="/wiki/Lemmensinstituut" title="Lemmensinstituut">Lemmens Institute</a>, which is described as "Faculty of Music, Performing Arts and Education". It is known for its music therapy education and its wordart-drama education. Kunstencentrum STUK is a cultural centre and venue in the city center for music, theatre, <a href="/wiki/Sound_art" title="Sound art">sound art</a>, and dance. Leuven holds a summer rock festival, <a href="/wiki/Marktrock" title="Marktrock">Marktrock</a>. Leuven has some university orchestras, such as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_Symphony_Orchestra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University Symphony Orchestra (page does not exist)">University Symphony Orchestra</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitair_Symfonisch_Orkest" class="extiw" title="nl:Universitair Symfonisch Orkest">nl</a>]</span> (USO),<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_Symphonic_Band&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University Symphonic Band (page does not exist)">University Symphonic Band</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitair_Harmonieorkest" class="extiw" title="nl:Universitair Harmonieorkest">nl</a>]</span> (UHO).<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arenberg_Orchestra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arenberg Orchestra (page does not exist)">Arenberg Orchestra</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenbergorkest" class="extiw" title="nl:Arenbergorkest">nl</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2009, the <a href="/wiki/M_%E2%80%93_Museum_Leuven" title="M – Museum Leuven">M – Museum Leuven</a> opened in Leuven. It is a museum for both contemporary and historical art, located near het Ladeuzeplein. It has hosted exhibitions by international artists such as Angus Fairhurst, Sol LeWitt, Roe Ethridge and Charles Burns as well as Belgian artists such as Ilse D'Hollander, Jan Vercruysse, Antoon Van Dyck and Freek Wambacq. </p><p>Leuven has a rich beer culture, being the birthplace of several beers such as <a href="/wiki/Stella_Artois" title="Stella Artois">Stella Artois</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Inc2009_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inc2009-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leuvense Tripel, <a href="/wiki/Domus" title="Domus">Domus</a><sup id="cite_ref-Inc2009_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inc2009-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Keizersberg. It has several bars priding themselves in offering a wide variety of local and international beers, including a bar that claims to offer more than 3000 different beers. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Higher_Institute_of_Philosophy" title="Higher Institute of Philosophy">Higher Institute of Philosophy</a> holds the archives of the German philosopher <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Husserl" title="Edmund Husserl">Edmund Husserl</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Power_at_Den_Dreef_Stadion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/King_Power_at_Den_Dreef_Stadion.jpg/220px-King_Power_at_Den_Dreef_Stadion.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/King_Power_at_Den_Dreef_Stadion.jpg/330px-King_Power_at_Den_Dreef_Stadion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/King_Power_at_Den_Dreef_Stadion.jpg/440px-King_Power_at_Den_Dreef_Stadion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1940" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Den Dreef Stadium</figcaption></figure> <p>Leuven was voted European City of Sport for 2021, highlighted by hosting the <a href="/wiki/2021_UCI_Road_World_Championships" title="2021 UCI Road World Championships">UCI Road World Championships</a>, which will follow several routes of the <a href="/wiki/Grote_Prijs_Jef_Scherens" class="mw-redirect" title="Grote Prijs Jef Scherens">Grote Prijs Jef Scherens</a>, a yearly cycling race in and around Leuven. The city also hosts the start of the <a href="/wiki/Brabantse_Pijl" title="Brabantse Pijl">Brabantse Pijl</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Classic_cycle_races" title="Classic cycle races">semi-classic</a> race and the <a href="/wiki/Cyclocross_Leuven" title="Cyclocross Leuven">Cyclocross Leuven</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Cyclo-cross" title="Cyclo-cross">cyclo-cross</a> race held each year in January. </p><p>The main <a href="/wiki/Football_club_(association_football)" title="Football club (association football)">football club</a> of the municipality is <a href="/wiki/Oud-Heverlee_Leuven" title="Oud-Heverlee Leuven">Oud-Heverlee Leuven</a>, successor of prior clubs <a href="/wiki/Daring_Club_Leuven" title="Daring Club Leuven">Daring Club Leuven</a> and <a href="/wiki/K._Stade_Leuven" title="K. Stade Leuven">Stade Leuven</a>. Both the men's team and <a href="/wiki/Oud-Heverlee_Leuven_(women)" title="Oud-Heverlee Leuven (women)">OH Leuven women</a> play at the highest level. The city's prime basketball team is the <a href="/wiki/Leuven_Bears" title="Leuven Bears">Leuven Bears</a>, they play their home games at the SportOase. Other known top-tier teams include <a href="/wiki/IHC_Leuven" title="IHC Leuven">IHC Leuven</a> (ice hockey), <a href="/wiki/KHC_Leuven" title="KHC Leuven">KHC Leuven</a> (field hockey) , Leuven aquatics(waterpolo) and VC Haasrode-Leuven (volleyball). Daring Club Leuven Atletiek is one of the oldest athletics clubs in Belgium, where <a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_3000_metres_steeplechase" title="Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's 3000 metres steeplechase">1964 Olympic gold medallist</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Roelants" title="Gaston Roelants">Gaston Roelants</a> was a member. </p><p>There is also a GAA club in Leuven, the club is named, 'the Earls of Leuven', after the <a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a>. The Earls of Leuven has become one of the most well-known GAA clubs in Europe, and is an affiliated University sports club. The city of Leuven has become the home of Collegiate Gaelic Games activity in Europe due to its organisation of the 2022, 2023, and 2024 Collegiate Games. This GAA club is part of a wider European league, <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Games_Europe" title="Gaelic Games Europe">Gaelic Games Europe</a>, which is in itself part of the global organisation, <a href="/wiki/The_Gaelic_Athletic_Association_(GAA)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA)">The Gaelic Athletic Association</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Buildings_and_landmarks">Buildings and landmarks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Buildings and landmarks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secular">Secular</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Secular"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Leuven_Town_Hall" title="Leuven Town Hall">Town Hall</a>, built between 1439 and 1463 by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulpitius_van_Vorst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulpitius van Vorst (page does not exist)">Sulpitius van Vorst</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulpitius_van_Vorst" class="extiw" title="nl:Sulpitius van Vorst">nl</a>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_II_Keldermans" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan II Keldermans">Jan II Keldermans</a>, and following their death, <a href="/wiki/Matheus_de_Layens" title="Matheus de Layens">Matheus de Layens</a>, in a <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brabant" title="Duchy of Brabant">Brabantian</a> late-<a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> style. In the 19th century, 236 statues were added to the exterior, each representing a prominent local scholar, artist or noble from the city's history. The reception hall dates from 1750.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arenberg_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Arenberg Castle">Arenberg Castle</a> was originally built in 16th century in the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance style</a> and was extensively renovated in the <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Neogothic style</a> in the 19th century. The duke of Arenberg donated the domain to the <a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</a> in 1916. It is open to the public. It has a green park outside with gardens. Eggs of wild ducks can be seen around the park.</li> <li>The Linen-hall, in an early-Gothic style, with baroque addition, is today the University Hall.</li> <li>The University Library on the <a href="/wiki/Ladeuzeplein" title="Ladeuzeplein">Ladeuzeplein</a> was built by the American architect <a href="/wiki/Whitney_Warren" title="Whitney Warren">Whitney Warren</a>. It was a gift from the American people to Leuven after <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, during which the Germans burned down the original library. The tower houses one of the largest carillons in the world.</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Oude_Markt" title="Oude Markt">Oude Markt</a></i> or <i>Old Market</i> square located in the centre of Leuven features a vibrant social scene, the centre of which displays a life-size statue of 'De Kotmadam', or "The Landlady" resting on a bench.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ayuntamiento_de_Leuven_(3431743649).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Ayuntamiento_de_Leuven_%283431743649%29.jpg/250px-Ayuntamiento_de_Leuven_%283431743649%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Ayuntamiento_de_Leuven_%283431743649%29.jpg/330px-Ayuntamiento_de_Leuven_%283431743649%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Ayuntamiento_de_Leuven_%283431743649%29.jpg/500px-Ayuntamiento_de_Leuven_%283431743649%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption><i>Fonske</i> was designed by Jef Claerhout.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sint-Donatus_Park" title="Sint-Donatus Park">Sint-Donatus Park</a> contains remains of the medieval city wall.</li> <li><i>Totem</i> is a statue at the centre of the Ladeuzeplein; it is a work of the Belgian artist <a href="/wiki/Jan_Fabre" title="Jan Fabre">Jan Fabre</a>. Featuring a 23-metre (75') high needle impaling a giant jewelled beetle, the statue towers over the square in front of the university library.</li> <li><i>Fonske</i> is a statue near the centre of town. Its full name is <i>Fons Sapientiae</i>, Latin for "fountain of wisdom". The statue represents a university student who, while reading a book, lets wisdom flow into his head as liquid from a glass. Just like <a href="/wiki/Manneken_Pis" title="Manneken Pis">Manneken Pis</a> in Brussels, <i>Fonske</i> is, from time to time, dressed in costumes appropriate for specific occasions.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious">Religious</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Religious"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Church,_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter's Church, Leuven">St. Peter's Church</a> (1425–1500) was finished by <a href="/wiki/Jan_Keldermans" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan Keldermans">Jan Keldermans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matheus_de_Layens" title="Matheus de Layens">Matheus de Layens</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, the church was damaged. During the restoration, a <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> <a href="/wiki/Crypt" title="Crypt">crypt</a> from the 11th century was found. In the church itself, there are several paintings from the 15th to 18th centuries (among which, <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Bouts" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirk Bouts">Dirk Bouts</a>' famous painting of the <a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a>) and the grave of <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">Duke</a> <a href="/wiki/Henry_I,_Duke_of_Brabant" title="Henry I, Duke of Brabant">Henry I of Brabant</a>. The 50-metre (165') high tower – which was meant to be 169 metres (555') high, but was never completed – is home to a <a href="/wiki/Carillon" title="Carillon">carillon</a>. The tower was included in <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>'s list of <a href="/wiki/Belfries_of_Belgium_and_France" title="Belfries of Belgium and France">Belfries of Belgium and France</a> in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Saint-Anthony's Chapel, Pater Damiaanplein, from the 17th to the 20th centuries, contains the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Father_Damien" title="Father Damien">Father Damien</a>, the "leper priest" of <a href="/wiki/Molokai" title="Molokai">Molokai</a>, who was <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonised</a> by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> on Sunday 11 October 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-CNA_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNA-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VR_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VR-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i> calls him "the Apostle of the Lepers",<sup id="cite_ref-Cite_CE1913_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cite_CE1913-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in some cases, he is known as the "leper priest". The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Catholic</a> priest's remains were returned in Belgium in 1936, after having been originally buried on the Hawaiian Island of <a href="/wiki/Molokai" title="Molokai">Molokai</a> where he had served the outcast lepers until his death.</li> <li>The Church of Saint Michael was built in the typical <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> Style.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Saint_Quentin%27s_Church" title="Saint Quentin's Church">Saint Quentin's Church</a> incorporates remains of a Romanesque church built in the 13th century.</li> <li>The Large <a href="/wiki/Grand_B%C3%A9guinage,_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Béguinage, Leuven">Beguinage</a> is one of the world's best remaining examples of its architectural type. It was recognised by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> as a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> in 1998.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Abbey" title="Park Abbey">Park Abbey</a>, a 42ha <a href="/wiki/Premonstratensian" class="mw-redirect" title="Premonstratensian">Premonstratensian</a> Abbey founded in 1129 and manufacturing site of the <a href="/wiki/Parc_Abbey_Bible" title="Parc Abbey Bible">Parc Abbey Bible</a>. It is one of the best preserved abbey complexes in the Low Countries<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is still inhabited by a small community of <a href="/wiki/Canons_regular" class="mw-redirect" title="Canons regular">Canons regular</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keizersberg_Abbey" title="Keizersberg Abbey">Keizersberg Abbey</a>, an active Neo-Romanesque Benedictine Abbey founded in 1888.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is situated on the Keizersberg ("Emperor's Mountain") which used to be the location of a 12th-century ducal castle until it was demolished in 1782.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlierbeek_Abbey" title="Vlierbeek Abbey">Vlierbeek Abbey</a>, a former <a href="/wiki/Benedictine" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedictine">Benedictine</a> abbey founded in 1127.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Gertrude%27s_Abbey,_Leuven" title="St Gertrude's Abbey, Leuven">Sint-Geertrui Abdij</a>, a former <a href="/wiki/Augustinians" title="Augustinians">Augustinian</a> abbey founded in 1206.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John_Berchmans_University_College,_Heverlee" title="St John Berchmans University College, Heverlee">Lerkeveld</a> is a Jesuit house, student residence, and headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Society of Jesus</a> in Belgium.</li> <li>The Al Fath mosque was built in 2016 and is used as a mosque where people can pray.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Al Ihsaan is a government-funded mosque that was found in 1976 and that is still actively used as a place for people to pray. Al Ihsaan also offers Arabic lessons.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>There are several other smaller churches and chapels throughout the town.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colleges">Colleges</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Colleges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Old University of Leuven">Old University of Leuven</a> used to have <a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_of_Leuven_University" title="List of colleges of Leuven University">40 constituent colleges and 4 pedagogies</a>, some of which are still being used by KU Leuven. The most notable ones are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Ghost_College,_Leuven" title="Holy Ghost College, Leuven">Holy Ghost College</a>, founded in 1442, currently a residence for theology students and priests at KU Leuven.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegium_Trilingue" title="Collegium Trilingue">Collegium Trilingue</a>, which promoted the teaching of Hebrew, Greek and Latin. It was founded in 1517 by the humanist <a href="/wiki/Hieronymus_Busleyden" class="mw-redirect" title="Hieronymus Busleyden">Hieronymus Busleyden</a> under impulse of <a href="/wiki/Desiderius_Erasmus" class="mw-redirect" title="Desiderius Erasmus">Desiderius Erasmus</a> and served as a model for France's <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_de_France" title="Collège de France">Collège de France</a></span></span>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope%27s_College,_Leuven" title="Pope's College, Leuven">Pope's College</a>, a college for theology students of the <a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Old University of Leuven">Old University of Leuven</a> founded by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Adrian_VI" title="Pope Adrian VI">Pope Adrian VI</a> in 1523.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Anthony%27s_College,_Leuven" title="St Anthony's College, Leuven">St Anthony's College</a>, founded in 1607, was located on the Pater Damiaanplein and has been a centre of Irish learning on the European Continent since the early 17th century. <a href="/wiki/The_Leuven_Institute_for_Ireland_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="The Leuven Institute for Ireland in Europe">The Leuven Institute for Ireland in Europe</a> is now located on the premises.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_the_Great_Market_in_Leuven,_by_Wolfgang_de_Smet,_1650-1700_-_Museum_M_-_Leuven,_Belgium_-_DSC05617.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="View of the Oude Markt, by Wolfgang de Smet, c. 1650–1700"><img alt="View of the Oude Markt, by Wolfgang de Smet, c. 1650–1700" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/View_of_the_Great_Market_in_Leuven%2C_by_Wolfgang_de_Smet%2C_1650-1700_-_Museum_M_-_Leuven%2C_Belgium_-_DSC05617.JPG/120px-View_of_the_Great_Market_in_Leuven%2C_by_Wolfgang_de_Smet%2C_1650-1700_-_Museum_M_-_Leuven%2C_Belgium_-_DSC05617.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/View_of_the_Great_Market_in_Leuven%2C_by_Wolfgang_de_Smet%2C_1650-1700_-_Museum_M_-_Leuven%2C_Belgium_-_DSC05617.JPG/250px-View_of_the_Great_Market_in_Leuven%2C_by_Wolfgang_de_Smet%2C_1650-1700_-_Museum_M_-_Leuven%2C_Belgium_-_DSC05617.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="4809" data-file-height="3092" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of the <a href="/wiki/Oude_Markt" title="Oude Markt">Oude Markt</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_de_Smet" title="Wolfgang de Smet">Wolfgang de Smet</a>, <span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1650–1700</span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Michael_Neher_-_Marktplatz_in_L%C3%B6wen_(1854).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of the Grote Markt, by Michael Neher, 1854"><img alt="View of the Grote Markt, by Michael Neher, 1854" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Michael_Neher_-_Marktplatz_in_L%C3%B6wen_%281854%29.jpg/120px-Michael_Neher_-_Marktplatz_in_L%C3%B6wen_%281854%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Michael_Neher_-_Marktplatz_in_L%C3%B6wen_%281854%29.jpg/250px-Michael_Neher_-_Marktplatz_in_L%C3%B6wen_%281854%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="2006" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of the Grote Markt, by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Neher" title="Michael Neher">Michael Neher</a>, 1854</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leuven_City_Hall,_looking_up_from_base_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Town hall"><img alt="Town hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Leuven_City_Hall%2C_looking_up_from_base_at_night.jpg/120px-Leuven_City_Hall%2C_looking_up_from_base_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="74" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Leuven_City_Hall%2C_looking_up_from_base_at_night.jpg/250px-Leuven_City_Hall%2C_looking_up_from_base_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3538" data-file-height="5724" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Town hall</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leuven,_Oude_Markt_foto4_2007-08-27_12.26.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="View of the Brusselsestraat from De Grote Markt"><img alt="View of the Brusselsestraat from De Grote Markt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Leuven%2C_Oude_Markt_foto4_2007-08-27_12.26.JPG/120px-Leuven%2C_Oude_Markt_foto4_2007-08-27_12.26.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Leuven%2C_Oude_Markt_foto4_2007-08-27_12.26.JPG/250px-Leuven%2C_Oude_Markt_foto4_2007-08-27_12.26.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of the Brusselsestraat from De Grote Markt</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven,_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The University Library"><img alt="The University Library" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg/120px-2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg/250px-2011-09-24_17.42_Leuven%2C_universiteitsbibliotheek_ceg74154_foto4.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4416" data-file-height="3312" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The University Library</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FonskeLeuven.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fonske"><img alt="Fonske" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/FonskeLeuven.jpg/90px-FonskeLeuven.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/FonskeLeuven.jpg/135px-FonskeLeuven.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/FonskeLeuven.jpg/180px-FonskeLeuven.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Fonske</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JacquemartCollegialeSaintPierreLouvain.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Jacquemart at the Collegiate church in Leuven"><img alt="Jacquemart at the Collegiate church in Leuven" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/JacquemartCollegialeSaintPierreLouvain.JPG/120px-JacquemartCollegialeSaintPierreLouvain.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/JacquemartCollegialeSaintPierreLouvain.JPG/250px-JacquemartCollegialeSaintPierreLouvain.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jacquemart_(bellstriker)" title="Jacquemart (bellstriker)">Jacquemart</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Collegiate_church" title="Collegiate church">Collegiate church</a> in Leuven</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Castle_Arenberg,_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Castle Arenberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven"><img alt="Castle Arenberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg/120px-Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg/180px-Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg/240px-Castle_Arenberg%2C_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2708" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Castle Arenberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leuven_station_Martelarenplein.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Leuven train station"><img alt="Leuven train station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Leuven_station_Martelarenplein.jpg/120px-Leuven_station_Martelarenplein.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Leuven_station_Martelarenplein.jpg/180px-Leuven_station_Martelarenplein.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Leuven_station_Martelarenplein.jpg/240px-Leuven_station_Martelarenplein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2551" data-file-height="1848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Leuven train station</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leuven-Groot-Begijnhof.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Groot-Begijnhof"><img alt="Groot-Begijnhof" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Leuven-Groot-Begijnhof.jpg/120px-Leuven-Groot-Begijnhof.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Leuven-Groot-Begijnhof.jpg/180px-Leuven-Groot-Begijnhof.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Leuven-Groot-Begijnhof.jpg/240px-Leuven-Groot-Begijnhof.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Groot-Begijnhof</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leuven-Adrian-VI-College.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Adrian-VI College"><img alt="Adrian-VI College" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Leuven-Adrian-VI-College.jpg/120px-Leuven-Adrian-VI-College.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Leuven-Adrian-VI-College.jpg/180px-Leuven-Adrian-VI-College.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Leuven-Adrian-VI-College.jpg/240px-Leuven-Adrian-VI-College.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Adrian-VI College</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Martelarenplein_Leuven_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Martelarenplein"><img alt="Martelarenplein" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Martelarenplein_Leuven_2008.jpg/120px-Martelarenplein_Leuven_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Martelarenplein_Leuven_2008.jpg/250px-Martelarenplein_Leuven_2008.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Martelarenplein</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leuven_Fochplein_A.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rector De Somerplein"><img alt="Rector De Somerplein" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Leuven_Fochplein_A.jpg/120px-Leuven_Fochplein_A.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Leuven_Fochplein_A.jpg/250px-Leuven_Fochplein_A.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3744" data-file-height="2204" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rector De Somerplein</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oude_Markt_Leuven.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oude Markt"><img alt="Oude Markt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Oude_Markt_Leuven.jpg/120px-Oude_Markt_Leuven.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Oude_Markt_Leuven.jpg/250px-Oude_Markt_Leuven.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2428" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Oude Markt</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Peter%27s_Church,_Leuven_(DSCF0898).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St. Peter's church"><img alt="St. Peter's church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/St._Peter%27s_Church%2C_Leuven_%28DSCF0898%29.jpg/120px-St._Peter%27s_Church%2C_Leuven_%28DSCF0898%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/St._Peter%27s_Church%2C_Leuven_%28DSCF0898%29.jpg/250px-St._Peter%27s_Church%2C_Leuven_%28DSCF0898%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3629" data-file-height="2947" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">St. Peter's church</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Born_in_Leuven">Born in Leuven</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Born in Leuven"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Most <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Brabant" title="Duke of Brabant">Dukes of Brabant</a> in the 12th and 13th centuries</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_of_Brabant,_Queen_of_France" title="Marie of Brabant, Queen of France">Maria of Brabant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen_consort" title="Queen consort">queen consort</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a> (1256–1321)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Elsevier" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Elsevier">Louis Elsevier</a>, book publisher (1540–1617)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Matsys" title="Quentin Matsys">Quentin Matsys</a>, painter (1466–1530)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrus_Phalesius_the_Elder" title="Petrus Phalesius the Elder">Petrus Phalesius the Elder</a>, publisher (c. 1501/05 – c. 1573/74)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrus_van_der_Aa" title="Petrus van der Aa">Petrus van der Aa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jurist" title="Jurist">jurist</a> (1530–1594)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerio_Profondavalle" title="Valerio Profondavalle">Valerio Profondavalle</a>, painter (b. 1533)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriaan_van_Roomen" title="Adriaan van Roomen">Adriaan van Roomen</a>, mathematician (1561–1615)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_B%C3%A9riot" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles de Bériot">Charles de Bériot</a>, violinist (1802–1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Pr%C3%A9vinaire" title="Eugène Prévinaire">Eugène Prévinaire</a>, second governor of the <a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Belgium" title="National Bank of Belgium">National Bank of Belgium</a> (1805–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurent-Guillaume_de_Koninck" title="Laurent-Guillaume de Koninck">Laurent-Guillaume de Koninck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palaeontologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaeontologist">palaeontologist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chemist" title="Chemist">chemist</a> (1809–1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Stas" title="Jean Stas">Jean Stas</a>, analytical chemist (1813–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardine_Hamaekers" title="Bernardine Hamaekers">Bernardine Hamaekers</a>, opera singer (1836–1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_De_Greef_(composer)" title="Arthur De Greef (composer)">Arthur De Greef</a>, pianist and composer (1862–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Hissette" title="Jean Hissette">Jean Hissette</a>, ophthalmologist (1888–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jef_Scherens" title="Jef Scherens">Jef Scherens</a>, cyclist, seven-time <a href="/wiki/UCI_Track_Cycling_World_Championships_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_sprint" title="UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's sprint">track cycling world champion, Men's Sprint</a> (1909–1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Claes" title="Georges Claes">Georges Claes</a>, cyclist, two-time <a href="/wiki/Paris%E2%80%93Roubaix" title="Paris–Roubaix">Paris–Roubaix</a> winner (1920–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hortense_Clews" title="Hortense Clews">Hortense Clews</a>, World War II <a href="/wiki/Resistance_during_World_War_II" title="Resistance during World War II">Resistance</a> worker and <a href="/wiki/Concentration_Camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Concentration Camp">Concentration Camp</a> survivor (1926–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Berckmans" title="Arthur Berckmans">Arthur Berckmans</a>, comics author (1929–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Eyskens" title="Mark Eyskens">Mark Eyskens</a>, politician and former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belgium" title="Prime Minister of Belgium">Prime Minister of Belgium</a> (b. 1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Hoet" title="Jan Hoet">Jan Hoet</a>, curator and art critic (1936–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Tobback" title="Louis Tobback">Louis Tobback</a>, politician and mayor (b. 1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Fabry" title="Danny Fabry">Danny Fabry</a>, musician (b. 1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emiel_Puttemans" title="Emiel Puttemans">Emiel Puttemans</a>, middle- and long-distance runner (b. 1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Vandenbroucke_(politician)" title="Frank Vandenbroucke (politician)">Frank Vandenbroucke</a>, politician (b. 1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_de_Radigu%C3%A8s" title="Patrick de Radiguès">Patrick de Radiguès</a>, racing driver and sailor (b. 1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Liboton" title="Roland Liboton">Roland Liboton</a>, cyclist, four-time <a href="/wiki/UCI_Cyclo-cross_World_Championships" title="UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships">cyclo-cross world champion</a> (b. 1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didier_de_Radigu%C3%A8s" title="Didier de Radiguès">Didier de Radiguès</a>, racing driver (b. 1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Van_Dijck" title="William Van Dijck">William Van Dijck</a>, athlete, 1987 World Championships bronze medallist in 3000m steeplechase (b. 1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Meuwissen" title="Thomas Meuwissen">Thomas Meuwissen</a>, violinmaker (b. 1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Bosteels" title="Bruno Bosteels">Bruno Bosteels</a>, philosopher, known for English translations of <a href="/wiki/Alain_Badiou" title="Alain Badiou">Alain Badiou</a> (b. 1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Vanistendael" title="Judith Vanistendael">Judith Vanistendael</a>, comics author, illustrator (b. 1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Gevaert" title="Kim Gevaert">Kim Gevaert</a>, sprint athlete, Olympic gold medalist in 4×100 relay Beijing 2008 (Silver; Gold after Russian disqualification) (b. 1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Vandenbroeck" class="mw-redirect" title="Jonathan Vandenbroeck">Jonathan Vandenbroeck</a>, singer-songwriter, better known as <a href="/wiki/Milow" title="Milow">Milow</a> (b. 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dries_Mertens" title="Dries Mertens">Dries Mertens</a>, footballer (b. 1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selah_Sue" title="Selah Sue">Selah Sue</a>, musician and songwriter (b. 1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sennek" title="Sennek">Sennek</a>, singer; represented Belgium at the 2018 <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest" title="Eurovision Song Contest">Eurovision</a> with the song "A Matter of Time" (b. 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stienes_Longin" title="Stienes Longin">Stienes Longin</a>, racing driver (b. 1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper_Stuyven" title="Jasper Stuyven">Jasper Stuyven</a>, cyclist (b. 1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurens_Sweeck" title="Laurens Sweeck">Laurens Sweeck</a>, cyclist (b. 1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Broeders" title="Ben Broeders">Ben Broeders</a>, pole vault athlete (b. 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elise_Mertens" title="Elise Mertens">Elise Mertens</a>, tennis (b. 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandela_Keita" title="Mandela Keita">Mandela Keita</a>, footballer (b. 2002)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lived_in_Leuven">Lived in Leuven</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Lived in Leuven"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Abbeloos" title="Jean Baptiste Abbeloos">Jean Baptiste Abbeloos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oriental_studies" title="Oriental studies">orientalist</a> and rector of the University of Leuven (1836–1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Adrian_VI" title="Pope Adrian VI">Adrian VI</a>, pope and theologian (1459–1523)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Baius" class="mw-redirect" title="Michel Baius">Michel Baius</a>, theologian (1513–1589)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Basius" title="Johannes Basius">Johannes Basius</a>, agent and advisor of <a href="/wiki/William_the_Silent" title="William the Silent">William of Orange</a> (1540–1596)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Bouts" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirk Bouts">Dirk Bouts</a>, painter (c. 1410/20–1475)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustace_Chapuys" title="Eustace Chapuys">Eustace Chapuys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imperial_ambassadors_to_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial ambassadors to England">Imperial ambassador to England</a> (1489–1556)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Duve" title="Christian de Duve">Christian de Duve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cytologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Cytologist">cytologist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biochemist" title="Biochemist">biochemist</a>, recipient of the 1974 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_for_Physiology_or_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine</a> (b. 1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiderius_Erasmus" class="mw-redirect" title="Desiderius Erasmus">Desiderius Erasmus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">humanist</a> and theologian (1466–1536)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Vanden_Gheyn" title="Matthias Vanden Gheyn">Matthias Vanden Gheyn</a>, composer, <a href="/wiki/Organist" title="Organist">organist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carillonist" class="mw-redirect" title="Carillonist">carillonist</a> (1721–1785)</li> <li>Joseph Heremans, professor, Immunologist, discovered IgA and coined the term <i>Immunoglobulins </i> (1927–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Jansen" title="Cornelius Jansen">Cornelius Jansen</a>, father of <a href="/wiki/Jansenism" title="Jansenism">Jansenism</a> (1585–1638)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Janssens" title="Jean-Baptiste Janssens">Jean-Baptiste Janssens</a>, philosophy teacher, <a href="/wiki/Superior_General_of_the_Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior General of the Society of Jesus">Superior General of the Society of Jesus</a> (1889–1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Qadeer_Khan" title="Abdul Qadeer Khan">Abdul Qadeer Khan</a>, metallurgical engineer (1935-2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matheus_de_Layens" title="Matheus de Layens">Matheus de Layens</a>, architect (d.1483)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Lema%C3%AEtre" title="Georges Lemaître">Georges Lemaître</a>, astronomer (1894–1966), notable for proposing the <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a> theory for the origin of the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">universe</a>, dubbed by him as "hypothesis of the <a href="/wiki/Primeval_atom" class="mw-redirect" title="Primeval atom">primeval atom</a>" or the "Cosmic Egg".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lewis_(basketball)" title="Ron Lewis (basketball)">Ron Lewis</a>, basketball player (b. 1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Louvain" title="Margaret of Louvain">Margaret of Louvain</a>, servant, Catholic saint (1207–1225)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justus_Lipsius" title="Justus Lipsius">Justus Lipsius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Philologist">philologist</a> and humanist (1547–1606)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerardus_Mercator" title="Gerardus Mercator">Gerardus Mercator</a>, cartographer (1512–1594)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADche%C3%A1l_%C3%93_Cl%C3%A9irigh" title="Mícheál Ó Cléirigh">Mícheál Ó Cléirigh</a>, Irish <a href="/wiki/Chronicler" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronicler">chronicler</a> (1590–1643)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dani%C3%ABl_Theys" title="Daniël Theys">Daniël Theys</a>, expressive artist and glassmaker (b. 1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Van_der_Roost" title="Jan Van der Roost">Jan Van der Roost</a>, composer (b. 1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pieter-Jozef_Verhaghen" title="Pieter-Jozef Verhaghen">Pieter-Jozef Verhaghen</a>, painter (1728–1811)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Verheyen" title="Philip Verheyen">Philip Verheyen</a>, surgeon and <a href="/wiki/Rector_(academia)" title="Rector (academia)">rector</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Old University of Leuven">University of Leuven</a> (1648–1711)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Vesalius" title="Andreas Vesalius">Andreas Vesalius</a>, anatomist, physician (1514–1564)</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Belgium" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Belgium">List of twin towns and sister cities in Belgium</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns/sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns.2Fsister_cities"></span>Twin towns/sister cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Twin towns/sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/120px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Leuven" title="Special:EditPage/Leuven">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Leuven is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%27s-Hertogenbosch" title="'s-Hertogenbosch">'s-Hertogenbosch</a>, Netherlands</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a><sup id="cite_ref-Kraków_twins_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kraków_twins-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCdenscheid" title="Lüdenscheid">Lüdenscheid</a>, Germany</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rennes" title="Rennes">Rennes</a>, France</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve" title="Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve">Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve</a>, Belgium</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Friendly_relations">Friendly relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Friendly relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aside from the aforementioned cities, Leuven has friendly relations with: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tainan_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Tainan City">Tainan</a>, Taiwan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa"><img alt="South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Stellenbosch" title="Stellenbosch">Stellenbosch</a>, South Africa</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wuxi" title="Wuxi">Wuxi</a>, People's Republic of China</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/60px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Oca%C3%B1a,_Spain" title="Ocaña, Spain">Ocaña, Spain</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ocana.es/">"Ocaña"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oca%C3%B1a&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocana.es%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p>Leuven has an 'adoptive village' </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cristian,_Sibiu" title="Cristian, Sibiu">Cristian</a>, Romania</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koninklijke_Oost-_en_Westvlaamsche_Kring" title="Koninklijke Oost- en Westvlaamsche Kring">Koninklijke Oost- en Westvlaamsche Kring</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-f4e36f47530a0d86a13a8e044524bb43ffb97c83-v18-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-f4e36f47530a0d86a13a8e044524bb43ffb97c83-v18_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://statbel.fgov.be/"><i>Statbel</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/WDQ_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WDQ (identifier)">Wikidata</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12480" class="extiw" title="d:Q12480">Q12480</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Statbel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstatbel.fgov.be%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Federal Ministry of Home Affairs, 1 November 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kuleuven.be/english/about-kuleuven/">"About KU Leuven"</a>. <i>Kuleuven.be</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180509111826/https://www.kuleuven.be/english/about-kuleuven/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kuleuven.be&rft.atitle=About+KU+Leuven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuleuven.be%2Fenglish%2Fabout-kuleuven%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.technavio.com/blog/top-companies-global-beer-market">"Top 10 Largest Beer Companies in the World 2020 | Top Beer Brands"</a>. <i>Blog.technavio.com</i>. 8 May 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190815152713/https://blog.technavio.com/blog/top-companies-global-beer-market">Archived</a> from the original on 15 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Blog.technavio.com&rft.atitle=Top+10+Largest+Beer+Companies+in+the+World+2020+%26%23124%3B+Top+Beer+Brands&rft.date=2020-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.technavio.com%2Fblog%2Ftop-companies-global-beer-market&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mbaskool.com/fun-corner/top-brand-lists/17609-top-10-fmcg-companies-in-the-world.html">"Top 10 FMCG Companies in the World 2021"</a>. <i>Mbaskool.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190604130707/https://www.mbaskool.com/fun-corner/top-brand-lists/17609-top-10-fmcg-companies-in-the-world.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mbaskool.com&rft.atitle=Top+10+FMCG+Companies+in+the+World+2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mbaskool.com%2Ffun-corner%2Ftop-brand-lists%2F17609-top-10-fmcg-companies-in-the-world.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021027093553/http://www.library.ucla.edu/yrl/reference/maps/blaeu/germania-inferior-nt.htm#prima_brabantiae">"Blaeu Atlas (UCLA Library – YRL Reference and Instructional Services)"</a>. Library.ucla.edu. 2 April 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.library.ucla.edu/yrl/reference/maps/blaeu/germania-inferior-nt.htm#prima_brabantiae">the original</a> on 27 October 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blaeu+Atlas+%28UCLA+Library+%E2%80%93+YRL+Reference+and+Instructional+Services%29&rft.pub=Library.ucla.edu&rft.date=2003-04-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.library.ucla.edu%2Fyrl%2Freference%2Fmaps%2Fblaeu%2Fgermania-inferior-nt.htm%23prima_brabantiae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inc2009-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inc2009_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inc2009_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inc2009_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFodor's_Travel_Publications,_Inc2009" class="citation book cs1">Fodor's Travel Publications, Inc (January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b9Skyy86HOQC"><i>Fodor's Belgium</i></a>. Fodor's Travel Publications. p. 27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4000-0881-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4000-0881-0"><bdi>978-1-4000-0881-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231004153524/https://books.google.com/books?id=b9Skyy86HOQC">Archived</a> from the original on 4 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Arenbergorkest.be&rft.atitle=Arenbergorkest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arenbergorkest.be%2Fnl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110811191931/http://arenbergorkest.ulyssis.be/">"Het Arenbergorkest - Leuvens studentenorkest"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arenbergorkest.ulyssis.be/">the original</a> on 11 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNESCO&rft.atitle=World+Heritage+List+%7C+Belfries+of+Belgium+and+France&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F943&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNA-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CNA_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/15099/apostle-of-the-lepers-spanish-mystic-among-10-to-be-canonized">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Apostle of the Lepers,' Spanish mystic among 10 to be canonized"</a>. <i>Catholicnewsagency.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100528085828/http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/apostle_of_the_lepers_spanish_mystic_among_10_to_be_canonized/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholicnewsagency.com&rft.atitle=%27Apostle+of+the+Lepers%2C%27+Spanish+mystic+among+10+to+be+canonized&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F15099%2Fapostle-of-the-lepers-spanish-mystic-among-10-to-be-canonized&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VR-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VR_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://storico.radiovaticana.org/en1/storico/2009-10/324616_pope_proclaims_five_new_saints.html">"Pope Proclaims Five New Saints"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pope+Proclaims+Five+New+Saints&rft.pub=Radio+Vaticana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstorico.radiovaticana.org%2Fen1%2Fstorico%2F2009-10%2F324616_pope_proclaims_five_new_saints.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cite_CE1913-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cite_CE1913_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBoeynaems1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Boeynaems, Libert H. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abdijkeizersberg.be&rft.atitle=Abdij+Keizersberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabdijkeizersberg.be%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alfath.be/">"Al Fath | Al Fath Moskee"</a>. <i>Alfath.be</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220706075442/https://alfath.be/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alfath.be&rft.atitle=Al+Fath+%26%23124%3B+Al+Fath+Moskee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Falfath.be%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alihsaan.be/">"Home"</a>. <i>Alihsaan.be</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220629225235/http://alihsaan.be/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alihsaan.be&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alihsaan.be%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kraków_twins-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kraków_twins_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130702022307/http://www.krakow.pl/otwarty_na_swiat/2531%2Ckat%2C0%2C6%2Cmiasta_partnerskie.html">"Kraków – Miasta Bliźniacze"</a> [Kraków – Twin Cities]. <i>Miejska Platforma Internetowa Magiczny Kraków</i> (in Polish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Miejska+Platforma+Internetowa+Magiczny+Krak%C3%B3w&rft.atitle=Krak%C3%B3w+%E2%80%93+Miasta+Bli%C5%BAniacze&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.krakow.pl%2Fotwarty_na_swiat%2F2531%2Ckat%2C0%2C6%2Cmiasta_partnerskie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pers.leuven.be/samenwerking-tussen-leuven-en-new-delhi-verankerd">"Samenwerking tussen Leuven en New Delhi verankerd"</a> (in Dutch). 25 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181215065958/https://pers.leuven.be/samenwerking-tussen-leuven-en-new-delhi-verankerd">Archived</a> from the original on 15 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Samenwerking+tussen+Leuven+en+New+Delhi+verankerd&rft.date=2017-09-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpers.leuven.be%2Fsamenwerking-tussen-leuven-en-new-delhi-verankerd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Leuven#Bibliography" title="Timeline of Leuven">Bibliography of the history of Leuven</a></div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Some_Old_Flemish_Towns/Louvain" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Some Old Flemish Towns/Louvain">"Louvain"</a>, chapter from <a href="/wiki/George_Wharton_Edwards" title="George Wharton Edwards">George Wharton Edwards</a>'s 1911 book, <i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Some_Old_Flemish_Towns" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Some Old Flemish Towns">Some Old Flemish Towns</a></i>. (Wikisource)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCharney2010" class="citation book cs1">Charney, Noah (2010). <i>Stealing the Mystic Lamb: The True Story of the World's Most Coveted Masterpiece</i>. PublicAffairs. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58648800-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58648800-0"><bdi>978-1-58648800-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stealing+the+Mystic+Lamb%3A+The+True+Story+of+the+World%27s+Most+Coveted+Masterpiece&rft.pub=PublicAffairs&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-58648800-0&rft.aulast=Charney&rft.aufirst=Noah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDiriken2006" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Diriken, Pierre (2006). <i>Geogids Leuven</i> (in Dutch). Kortessem. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-752-2450-8" title="Special:BookSources/90-752-2450-8"><bdi>90-752-2450-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geogids+Leuven&rft.pub=Kortessem&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=90-752-2450-8&rft.aulast=Diriken&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Knuth, Rebecca (2006). <i>Burning Books and Leveling Libraries: Extremist Violence and Cultural Destruction</i>. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKramer2007" class="citation book cs1">Kramer, Alan (2007). <i><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_of_Destruction:_Culture_and_Mass_Killing_in_the_First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamic of Destruction: Culture and Mass Killing in the First World War">Dynamic of Destruction: Culture and Mass Killing in the First World War</a></i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280342-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280342-9"><bdi>978-0-19-280342-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dynamic+of+Destruction%3A+Culture+and+Mass+Killing+in+the+First+World+War&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-280342-9&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Tuchman, Barbara (1962). <i>The Guns of August</i>. New York: Macmillan.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVan_Even1895" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Van Even, Edward (1895). <i>Louvain dans le passé et dans le présent</i> (in French). Peeters (published 2001). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-87723-578-5" title="Special:BookSources/2-87723-578-5"><bdi>2-87723-578-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Louvain+dans+le+pass%C3%A9+et+dans+le+pr%C3%A9sent&rft.pub=Peeters&rft.date=1895&rft.isbn=2-87723-578-5&rft.aulast=Van+Even&rft.aufirst=Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2018" class="citation book cs1">Williams, John P. (2018). "The Flames of Louvain: Total War and the Destruction of European High Culture in Belgium by German Occupying Forces in August 1914". In Christophe Declercq & Felicity Rash (ed.). <i>The Great War in Belgium and the Netherlands: Beyond Flanders Fields</i>. Palgrave Macmillan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Flames+of+Louvain%3A+Total+War+and+the+Destruction+of+European+High+Culture+in+Belgium+by+German+Occupying+Forces+in+August+1914&rft.btitle=The+Great+War+in+Belgium+and+the+Netherlands%3A+Beyond+Flanders+Fields&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=John+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeuven" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leuven&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Leuven" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Leuven">Leuven</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/120px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Leuven#Q118958" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Leuven">Leuven</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leuven.be">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cwisdb.kuleuven.be/kaarten-bin/basiskaart.pl">Detailed map of Leuven</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051130022740/http://cwisdb.kuleuven.be/kaarten-bin/basiskaart.pl">Archived</a> 30 November 2005 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (detailed map of Leuven by the KUL)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://overpass-turbo.eu/?Q=%5Btimeout%3A20%5D%5Bout%3Ajson%5D%3B%0A%28%0Anode%5B%22name%3Aetymology%3Awikidata%22~%22%28%5E%7C%3B%29%28Q118958%29%28%3B%7C%24%29%22%5D%3B%0Away%5B%22name%3Aetymology%3Awikidata%22~%22%28%5E%7C%3B%29%28Q118958%29%28%3B%7C%24%29%22%5D%3B%0Arelation%5B%22name%3Aetymology%3Awikidata%22~%22%28%5E%7C%3B%29%28Q118958%29%28%3B%7C%24%29%22%5D%3B%0A%3E%3E%3B%0A%29%3B%0Aout%20geom%3B%0A%7B%7Bstyle%3A%0Anode%20%5Bname%3Aetymology%3Awikidata%5D%7B%0A%20%20text%3A%20name%3B%0A%20%20icon-image%3A%20url%28%22https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSpecial%3ARedirect%2Ffile%2FLogo%20of%20Leuven.svg%22%29%3B%0A%20%20icon-width%3A%2032%3B%7D%0A%7D%7D%0A&R">Streets worldwide named after Leuven, zoomable</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belgiantrain.be/nl/travel-info/origin-destination/brussels-leuven">Trains between Brussels and Leuven</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Leuven25" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Leuven25" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Leuven</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haacht" title="Haacht">Haacht</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rotselaar" title="Rotselaar">Rotselaar</a></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Herent" title="Herent">Herent</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bertem" title="Bertem">Bertem</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Leuven</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Holsbeek" title="Holsbeek">Holsbeek</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lubbeek" title="Lubbeek">Lubbeek</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oud-Heverlee" title="Oud-Heverlee">Oud-Heverlee</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bierbeek" title="Bierbeek">Bierbeek</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Populated_places_in_Leuven104" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Populated_places_in_Leuven" title="Template:Populated places in Leuven"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Populated_places_in_Leuven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Populated places in Leuven (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Populated_places_in_Leuven" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Populated places in Leuven"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Populated_places_in_Leuven104" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Populated places in <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leuven</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Deelgemeente" title="Deelgemeente">Sub-municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heverlee" title="Heverlee">Heverlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kessel-Lo" title="Kessel-Lo">Kessel-Lo</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leuven</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wijgmaal" title="Wijgmaal">Wijgmaal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilsele" title="Wilsele">Wilsele</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_Leuven.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Logo_of_Leuven.svg/60px-Logo_of_Leuven.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Logo_of_Leuven.svg/120px-Logo_of_Leuven.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighbourhoods,<br />villages and hamlets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egenhoven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egenhoven (page does not exist)">Egenhoven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haasrode,_Leuven" title="Haasrode, Leuven">Haasrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korbeek-Lo,_Leuven" title="Korbeek-Lo, Leuven">Korbeek-Lo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nieuw_Kwartier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nieuw Kwartier (page does not exist)">Nieuw Kwartier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Terbank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terbank (page does not exist)">Terbank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_in_the_province_of_Flemish_Brabant,_Flanders,_Belgium401" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Municipalities_in_Flemish_Brabant" title="Template:Municipalities in Flemish Brabant"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Municipalities_in_Flemish_Brabant" title="Template talk:Municipalities in Flemish Brabant"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities_in_Flemish_Brabant" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities in Flemish Brabant"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_in_the_province_of_Flemish_Brabant,_Flanders,_Belgium401" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Belgium" title="Municipalities of Belgium">Municipalities</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Belgium" title="Provinces of Belgium">province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Brabant" title="Flemish Brabant">Flemish Brabant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flemish_Region" title="Flemish Region">Flanders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Halle-Vilvoorde" title="Arrondissement of Halle-Vilvoorde">Halle-Vilvoorde</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affligem" title="Affligem">Affligem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asse" title="Asse">Asse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beersel" title="Beersel">Beersel</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bever,_Belgium" title="Bever, Belgium">Bever</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilbeek" title="Dilbeek">Dilbeek</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drogenbos" title="Drogenbos">Drogenbos</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimbergen" title="Grimbergen">Grimbergen</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Halle,_Belgium" title="Halle, Belgium">Halle</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoeilaart" title="Hoeilaart">Hoeilaart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampenhout" title="Kampenhout">Kampenhout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapelle-op-den-Bos" title="Kapelle-op-den-Bos">Kapelle-op-den-Bos</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kraainem" title="Kraainem">Kraainem</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennik" title="Lennik">Lennik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liedekerke" title="Liedekerke">Liedekerke</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Linkebeek" title="Linkebeek">Linkebeek</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Londerzeel" title="Londerzeel">Londerzeel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machelen" title="Machelen">Machelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meise" title="Meise">Meise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchtem" title="Merchtem">Merchtem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opwijk" title="Opwijk">Opwijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overijse" title="Overijse">Overijse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pajottegem" title="Pajottegem">Pajottegem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepingen" title="Pepingen">Pepingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosdaal" title="Roosdaal">Roosdaal</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sint-Genesius-Rode" title="Sint-Genesius-Rode">Sint-Genesius-Rode</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint-Pieters-Leeuw" title="Sint-Pieters-Leeuw">Sint-Pieters-Leeuw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steenokkerzeel" title="Steenokkerzeel">Steenokkerzeel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternat" title="Ternat">Ternat</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vilvoorde" title="Vilvoorde">Vilvoorde</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wemmel" title="Wemmel">Wemmel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wezembeek-Oppem" title="Wezembeek-Oppem">Wezembeek-Oppem</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaventem" title="Zaventem">Zaventem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zemst" title="Zemst">Zemst</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Belgievlbrabant.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Belgievlbrabant.png/100px-Belgievlbrabant.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Belgievlbrabant.png/150px-Belgievlbrabant.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Belgievlbrabant.png/200px-Belgievlbrabant.png 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="335" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Leuven" title="Arrondissement of Leuven">Leuven</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Aarschot" title="Aarschot">Aarschot</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begijnendijk" title="Begijnendijk">Begijnendijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekkevoort" title="Bekkevoort">Bekkevoort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertem" title="Bertem">Bertem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bierbeek" title="Bierbeek">Bierbeek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boortmeerbeek" title="Boortmeerbeek">Boortmeerbeek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boutersem" title="Boutersem">Boutersem</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Diest" title="Diest">Diest</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geetbets" title="Geetbets">Geetbets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glabbeek" title="Glabbeek">Glabbeek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haacht" title="Haacht">Haacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herent" title="Herent">Herent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoegaarden" title="Hoegaarden">Hoegaarden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holsbeek" title="Holsbeek">Holsbeek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huldenberg" title="Huldenberg">Huldenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keerbergen" title="Keerbergen">Keerbergen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kortenaken" title="Kortenaken">Kortenaken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kortenberg" title="Kortenberg">Kortenberg</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Landen" title="Landen">Landen</a></b></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leuven</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linter,_Belgium" title="Linter, Belgium">Linter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbeek" title="Lubbeek">Lubbeek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oud-Heverlee" title="Oud-Heverlee">Oud-Heverlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotselaar" title="Rotselaar">Rotselaar</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Scherpenheuvel-Zichem" title="Scherpenheuvel-Zichem">Scherpenheuvel-Zichem</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tervuren" title="Tervuren">Tervuren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tielt-Winge" title="Tielt-Winge">Tielt-Winge</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tienen" title="Tienen">Tienen</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tremelo" title="Tremelo">Tremelo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Zoutleeuw" title="Zoutleeuw">Zoutleeuw</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b>Bold</b> indicates <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Belgium" title="City status in Belgium">cities</a></li> <li><i>Italic</i> indicates <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_with_language_facilities" title="Municipalities with language facilities">municipalities with language facilities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_of_Louvain/Leuven151" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_of_Louvain" title="Template:Universities of Louvain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_of_Louvain" title="Template talk:Universities of Louvain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_of_Louvain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities of Louvain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_of_Louvain/Leuven151" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Universities of Louvain/Leuven</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">1425–1797</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Old_University_of_Leuven28" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Old University of Leuven">Old University of Leuven</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Theology,_Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Faculty of Theology, Old University of Leuven">Faculty of Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arras_College,_Leuven" title="Arras College, Leuven">Arras College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegium_Trilingue" title="Collegium Trilingue">Collegium Trilingue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Ghost_College,_Leuven" title="Holy Ghost College, Leuven">Holy Ghost College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge_College,_Leuven" title="Liège College, Leuven">Liège College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Ivo%27s_College,_Leuven" title="St Ivo's College, Leuven">Saint Ivo's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope%27s_College,_Leuven" title="Pope's College, Leuven">Pope's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Anne%27s_College,_Leuven" title="St Anne's College, Leuven">Saint Anne's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Anthony%27s_College,_Leuven" title="St Anthony's College, Leuven">St Anthony's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Leuven" title="Trinity College, Leuven">Trinity College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hall_(Leuven)" class="mw-redirect" title="University Hall (Leuven)">University Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_the_Old_University_of_Leuven" title="Category:Academic staff of the Old University of Leuven">Academic staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_University_of_Leuven_alumni" title="Category:Old University of Leuven alumni">Alumni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">1817–1835</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_Leuven" title="State University of Leuven">State University of Leuven</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">1834–1835</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Mechlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic University of Mechlin">Catholic University of Mechlin</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">1835–1968</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="CatholicUniversityof_Louvain73" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic University of Louvain">Catholic<br />University<br />of Louvain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Institutions:</b> <a href="/wiki/American_College_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="American College of the Immaculate Conception">American College of the Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Anthony%27s_College,_Leuven" title="St Anthony's College, Leuven">St Anthony's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovanium_University" title="Lovanium University">Lovanium University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Theology,_Catholic_University_of_Leuven" title="Faculty of Theology, Catholic University of Leuven">Faculty of Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hall_(Leuven)" class="mw-redirect" title="University Hall (Leuven)">University Hall</a><br /><b>Personalities:</b> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XVI" title="Pope Gregory XVI">Pope Gregory XVI</a></li> <li>Rector <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Fran%C3%A7ois_Xavier_de_Ram" title="Pierre François Xavier de Ram">Pierre de Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9-Joseph_Mercier" title="Désiré-Joseph Mercier">Désiré-Joseph Mercier</a></li> <li>Rector <a href="/wiki/Paulin_Ladeuze" title="Paulin Ladeuze">Paulin Ladeuze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Lema%C3%AEtre" title="Georges Lemaître">Georges Lemaître</a><br /><b>Nobel prizes:</b> <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Beernaert" title="Auguste Beernaert">Auguste Beernaert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Pire" title="Dominique Pire">Dominique Pire</a><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_University_of_Leuven_(1834%E2%80%931968)_alumni" title="Category:Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968) alumni">Alumni</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Belgian_American_Educational_Foundation" title="Belgian American Educational Foundation">Belgian American Educational Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedes_Sapientiae,_Leuven" title="Sedes Sapientiae, Leuven">Sedes Sapientiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_of_the_Catholic_University_of_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Split of the Catholic University of Louvain">Split of the Catholic University of Louvain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Since 1968</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain" title="UCLouvain">UCLouvain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Campuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvain-la-Neuve" title="Louvain-la-Neuve">Louvain-la-Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain_Brussels_Woluwe" title="UCLouvain Brussels Woluwe">Brussels Woluwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain_FUCaM_Mons" title="UCLouvain FUCaM Mons">FUCaM Mons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Louis_University,_Brussels" title="Saint-Louis University, Brussels">Saint-Louis Brussels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHU_UCLouvain_Namur" title="CHU UCLouvain Namur">CHU Namur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain_Charleroi" title="UCLouvain Charleroi">UCLouvain Charleroi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvain-la-Neuve" title="Louvain-la-Neuve">Louvain-la-Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woluwe-Saint-Lambert" title="Woluwe-Saint-Lambert">Woluwe-Saint-Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Gilles,_Belgium" title="Saint-Gilles, Belgium">Saint-Gilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mons,_Belgium" title="Mons, Belgium">Mons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tournai" title="Tournai">Tournai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleroi" title="Charleroi">Charleroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namur" title="Namur">Namur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinant" title="Dinant">Dinant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvoir" title="Yvoir">Yvoir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Faculties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvain_School_of_Management" title="Louvain School of Management">Louvain School of Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvain_School_of_Engineering" title="Louvain School of Engineering">Louvain School of Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Haps_Faculty_of_Translation_and_Interpreting" title="Marie Haps Faculty of Translation and Interpreting">Marie Haps Faculty of Translation and Interpreting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain_Faculty_of_Economic,_Social_and_Political_Sciences_and_Communication" title="UCLouvain Faculty of Economic, Social and Political Sciences and Communication">Faculty of Economic, Social and Political Sciences and Communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLouvain_Faculty_of_Architecture,_Architectural_Engineering_and_Urban_Planning" title="UCLouvain Faculty of Architecture, Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning">Faculty of Architecture, Architectural Engineering and Urban Planning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Higher_Institute_of_Philosophy" title="Higher Institute of Philosophy">Higher Institute of Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvain-la-Neuve_Cyclotron" title="Louvain-la-Neuve Cyclotron">Cyclotron Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Operations_Research_and_Econometrics" title="Center for Operations Research and Econometrics">Center for Operations Research and Econometrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Research_on_the_Epidemiology_of_Disasters" title="Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters">Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_d%27Etudes_des_Crises_et_Conflits_Internationaux" title="Centre d'Etudes des Crises et Conflits Internationaux">Centre d'Etudes des Crises et Conflits Internationaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Chair" title="Hoover Chair">Hoover Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_for_the_Analysis_of_Organisational_Communication_Systems" title="Laboratory for the Analysis of Organisational Communication Systems">Laboratory for the Analysis of Organisational Communication Systems</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Hospitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cliniques_universitaires_Saint-Luc" title="Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc">Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHU_UCLouvain_Namur" title="CHU UCLouvain Namur">CHU UCLouvain Namur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Press</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presses_universitaires_de_Louvain" title="Presses universitaires de Louvain">Presses universitaires de Louvain</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Revue_philosophique_de_Louvain" title="Revue philosophique de Louvain">Revue philosophique de Louvain</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Philosophical_Bibliography" title="International Philosophical Bibliography">International Philosophical Bibliography</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cahiers_de_l%27Institut_de_Linguistique_de_Louvain" title="Cahiers de l'Institut de Linguistique de Louvain">Cahiers de l'Institut de Linguistique de Louvain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Revue_d%27histoire_eccl%C3%A9siastique" title="Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique">Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Scriptorum_Christianorum_Orientalium" title="Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium">Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Subsidiary entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_L" title="Musée L">Musée L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aula_Magna_(UCLouvain)" title="Aula Magna (UCLouvain)">Aula Magna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvain-la-Neuve_Cyclotron" title="Louvain-la-Neuve Cyclotron">Louvain-la-Neuve Cyclotron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvain_Coop%C3%A9ration" title="Louvain Coopération">Louvain Coopération</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvain-la-Neuve_Science_Park" title="Louvain-la-Neuve Science Park">Louvain-la-Neuve Science Park</a></li> <li>Initialis Science Park</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_Louvain" title="Académie Louvain">Académie Louvain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Rectors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Macq" title="Pierre Macq">Pierre Macq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Coulie" title="Bernard Coulie">Bernard Coulie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Blondel" title="Vincent Blondel">Vincent Blondel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Nobel prizes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Duve" title="Christian de Duve">Christian de Duve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Claude" title="Albert Claude">Albert Claude</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #E6E6FF;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvain_modularity" class="mw-redirect" title="Louvain modularity">Louvain modularity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claroline" title="Claroline">Claroline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestre_Symphonique_des_%C3%89tudiants_de_Louvain-la-Neuve" title="Orchestre Symphonique des Étudiants de Louvain-la-Neuve">Orchestre Symphonique des Étudiants de Louvain-la-Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24h_v%C3%A9lo_de_Louvain-la-Neuve" class="mw-redirect" title="24h vélo de Louvain-la-Neuve">24h vélo de Louvain-la-Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Congolese_Students" title="Progressive Congolese Students">Progressive Congolese Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANLO" title="ANLO">ANLO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oz_(programming_language)" title="Oz (programming language)">Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekiga" title="Ekiga">Ekiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Beam_Applications" title="Ion Beam Applications">Ion Beam Applications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theme-based_shared_flat_(kot-%C3%A0-projet)" title="Theme-based shared flat (kot-à-projet)">Kot-à-projet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_the_Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" title="Category:Academic staff of the Université catholique de Louvain">Academic staff</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain_alumni" title="Category:Université catholique de Louvain alumni">Alumni</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven">KU Leuven</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Campuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_Kulak" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Kulak">KULAK</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kortrijk" title="Kortrijk">Kortrijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghent" title="Ghent">Ghent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geel" title="Geel">Geel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diepenbeek" title="Diepenbeek">Diepenbeek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aalst,_Belgium" title="Aalst, Belgium">Aalst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint-Katelijne-Waver" title="Sint-Katelijne-Waver">Sint-Katelijne-Waver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Faculties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Philosophy,_KU_Leuven" title="Institute of Philosophy, KU Leuven">Institute of Philosophy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leuven_Centre_for_Global_Governance_Studies" title="Leuven Centre for Global Governance Studies">Leuven Centre for Global Governance Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rega_Institute_for_Medical_Research" title="Rega Institute for Medical Research">Rega Institute for Medical Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch_Laboratory" title="Switch Laboratory">Switch Laboratory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hospitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UZ_Leuven" title="UZ Leuven">UZ Leuven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Press</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leuven_University_Press" title="Leuven University Press">Leuven University Press</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Revue_d%27histoire_eccl%C3%A9siastique" title="Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique">Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ITL_International_Journal_of_Applied_Linguistics" title="ITL International Journal of Applied Linguistics">ITL International Journal of Applied Linguistics</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiary entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kasteel_van_Arenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasteel van Arenberg">Arenberg Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arenberg_Research-Park" title="Arenberg Research-Park">Arenberg Research-Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven_Association" title="KU Leuven Association">KU Leuven Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hall_(Leuven)" class="mw-redirect" title="University Hall (Leuven)">University Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rectors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pieter_De_Somer" title="Pieter De Somer">Pieter De Somer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Vervenne" title="Marc Vervenne">Marc Vervenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Waer" title="Mark Waer">Mark Waer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rik_Torfs" title="Rik Torfs">Rik Torfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Sels" title="Luc Sels">Luc Sels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Theological_Faculty" title="Evangelical Theological Faculty">Evangelical Theological Faculty</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Academic_libraries_in_Leuven" title="Academic libraries in Leuven">Academic libraries in Leuven</a> · <a href="/wiki/Universities_in_Leuven" title="Universities in Leuven">Universities in Leuven</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style 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class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118958#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000123160734">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/124318105">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/145956205">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204237/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcwGC3wQd9FBpvVMyg7pP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4074300-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79003348">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11945570f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11945570f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Louvain (Belgie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge129887&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX454978">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000673585&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/25318">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007552535205171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981060868474506706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/38f97ed2-6128-4da3-be1d-423d75331ff2">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=53669">Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&oldid=1281305808">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuven&oldid=1281305808</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Leuven" title="Category:Leuven">Leuven</a></li><li><a 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