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capitalism și comunism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ideologii_sociale_-_capitalism_și_comunism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ideologii_culturale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ideologii_culturale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ideologii culturale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ideologii_culturale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ideologie</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 124 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-124" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">124 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologie" title="Ideologie – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ideologie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologie" title="Ideologie – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ideologie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%95%E1%8B%AE%E1%89%B0_%E1%8B%93%E1%88%88%E1%88%9D" title="ርዕዮተ ዓለም – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ርዕዮተ ዓለም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideoloch%C3%ADa" title="Ideolochía – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ideolochía" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="أيديولوجيا – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أيديولوجيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ايديولوجيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايديولوجيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideolox%C3%ADa" title="Ideoloxía – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ideoloxía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Идеология – avară" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Идеология" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0deologiya" title="İdeologiya – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İdeologiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C" title="ایدئولوژی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایدئولوژی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Идеология – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Идеология" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideuoluog%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Ideuoluogėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Ideuoluogėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ідэалогія – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ідэалогія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ідэалёгія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ідэалёгія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Идеология – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Идеология" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B6" title="ভাবাদর্শ – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভাবাদর্শ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologiezh" title="Ideologiezh – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ideologiezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologija" title="Ideologija – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ideologija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologi" title="Ideologi – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Ideologi" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Үзэл суртал – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Үзэл суртал" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologia" title="Ideologia – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ideologia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Идеологи – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Идеологи" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%84%DB%86%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="ئایدیۆلۆجی – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئایدیۆلۆجی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologie" title="Ideologie – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ideologie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideoleg" title="Ideoleg – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ideoleg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologi" title="Ideologi – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ideologi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologie" title="Ideologie – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ideologie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0deolociye" title="İdeolociye – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İdeolociye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ιδεολογία – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιδεολογία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideology" title="Ideology – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ideology" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologio" title="Ideologio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ideologio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideolog%C3%ADa" title="Ideología – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ideología" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideoloogia" title="Ideoloogia – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ideoloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologia" title="Ideologia – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ideologia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C" title="ایدئولوژی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایدئولوژی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologia" title="Ideologia – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ideologia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugmyndafr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Hugmyndafrøði – feroeză" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Hugmyndafrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Id%C3%A9ologie" title="Idéologie – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Idéologie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politike_streaming" title="Politike streaming – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Politike streaming" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Id%C3%A9-eola%C3%ADocht" title="Idé-eolaíocht – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Idé-eolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideolox%C3%ADa" title="Ideoloxía – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ideoloxía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%93%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94" title="אידאולוגיה – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אידאולוגיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="विचारधारा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विचारधारा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bichardhara" title="Bichardhara – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Bichardhara" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologija" title="Ideologija – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ideologija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideol%C3%B3gia" title="Ideológia – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ideológia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գաղափարախոսություն – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գաղափարախոսություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AD%D6%85%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գաղափարախօսութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գաղափարախօսութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologi" title="Ideologi – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ideologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideolohia" title="Ideolohia – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Ideolohia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologio" title="Ideologio – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ideologio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugmyndafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Hugmyndafræði – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hugmyndafræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologia" title="Ideologia – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ideologia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%87%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AD%E3%82%AE%E3%83%BC" title="イデオロギー – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イデオロギー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idh%C3%A9ologi" title="Idhéologi – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Idhéologi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="იდეოლოგია – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იდეოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologiya" title="Ideologiya – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ideologiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Идеология – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Идеология" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%85%90" title="이념 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이념" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Идеология – karaceai-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Идеология" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karaceai-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Edeoloj%C3%AE" title="Îdeolojî – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îdeolojî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tybonieth" title="Tybonieth – cornică" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Tybonieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Идеология – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Идеология" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologia" title="Ideologia – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ideologia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologie" title="Ideologie – limburgheză" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ideologie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologia" title="Ideologia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ideologia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologija" title="Ideologija – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ideologija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideolo%C4%A3ija" title="Ideoloģija – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ideoloģija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Идеологиясь – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Идеологиясь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Идеологија – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Идеологија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="പ്രത്യയശാസ്ത്രം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രത്യയശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Идеологи – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Идеологи" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologi" title="Ideologi – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ideologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideolo%C4%A1ija" title="Ideoloġija – malteză" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ideoloġija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malteză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%BF%E1%80%94%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ဒဿနဗေဒ – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒဿနဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C" title="ایدئولوژی – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ایدئولوژی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologie" title="Ideologie – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ideologie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologie" title="Ideologie – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ideologie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologi" title="Ideologi – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ideologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologi" title="Ideologi – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ideologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologia" title="Ideologia – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ideologia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilaanya" title="Ilaanya – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Ilaanya" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਵਿਚਾਰਧਾਰਾ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਚਾਰਧਾਰਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologia" title="Ideologia – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ideologia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideolog%C3%ACa" title="Ideologìa – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ideologìa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="آئیڈیالوجی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آئیڈیالوجی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%DA%89%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%D9%8A" title="ايډيالوژي – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ايډيالوژي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologia" title="Ideologia – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ideologia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuyay_yachay" title="Yuyay yachay – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yuyay yachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Идеология – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Идеология" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%91%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ідеолоґія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ідеолоґія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Идеология – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Идеология" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideology" title="Ideology – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ideology" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="نظرين جو علم – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="نظرين جو علم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologija" title="Ideologija – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ideologija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="දෘෂ්ටිවාදය – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දෘෂ්ටිවාදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideology" title="Ideology – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ideology" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideol%C3%B3gia" title="Ideológia – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ideológia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologija" title="Ideologija – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ideologija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aragti" title="Aragti – somaleză" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Aragti" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologjia" title="Ideologjia – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ideologjia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologija" title="Ideologija – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ideologija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideologi" title="Ideologi – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ideologi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itikadi" title="Itikadi – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Itikadi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="கருத்தியல் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கருத்தியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Идеология – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Идеология" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C" title="อุดมการณ์ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อุดมการณ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideolohiya" title="Ideolohiya – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ideolohiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0deoloji" title="İdeoloji – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İdeoloji" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Идеология – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Идеология" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%AF%DB%90%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="ئىدېئولوگىيە – uigură" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئىدېئولوگىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigură" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ідеологія – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ідеологія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="خیالیت – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خیالیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafkura" title="Mafkura – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mafkura" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideo%C5%82ozia" title="Ideołozia – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ideołozia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9D_th%E1%BB%A9c_h%E1%BB%87" title="Ý thức hệ – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ý thức hệ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idolohiya" title="Idolohiya – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Idolohiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E8%AD%98%E5%BD%A2%E6%85%8B" title="意識形態 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="意識形態" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="იდეოლოგია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იდეოლოგია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A2" title="אידעאלאגיע – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אידעאלאגיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E8%AD%98%E5%BD%A2%E6%85%8B" title="意識形態 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="意識形態" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E7%90%86" title="意理 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="意理" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8C-sek_h%C3%AAng-th%C3%A0i" title="Ì-sek hêng-thài – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ì-sek hêng-thài" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E8%AD%98%E5%BD%A2%E6%85%8B" title="意識形態 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="意識形態" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7257#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ideologie" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><p><b>Ideologia</b> reprezintă un ansamblu de diferite idei, concepții, indiferent ce conținut ar avea ele. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definiții"><span id="Defini.C8.9Bii"></span>Definiții</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ideologie&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Definiții" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ideologie&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Definiții"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În semnificația actuală, ideologia se referă la acel ansamblu de idei și principii care stabilesc o anume <a href="/wiki/Form%C4%83_de_guvern%C4%83m%C3%A2nt" title="Formă de guvernământ">formă de guvernământ</a>, sau o filosofie socială asupra celei mai bune forme de organizare a statului care satisface optim nevoile și împlinește la cel mai înalt nivel așteptările cetățenilor. </p><p>Accepțiuni clasice și moderne ale ideologiei: </p> <ul><li><b>de Tracy</b>: studiu obiectiv al (originii) ideilor;</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Marx" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Marx">Marx</a></b>: orice idee practică (în suprastructură); orice idee care contribuie la camuflarea contradicțiilor sociale; tot ce este nonștiință; falsa conștiință (Engels după Marx); iluzie (Marx, scrieri târzii); ceva superficial sau înșelător; ceva neempiric (<a href="/wiki/Engels" class="mw-redirect" title="Engels">Engels</a>);</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gramsci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gramsci — pagină inexistentă">Gramsci</a></b>: discurs, de obicei cu tentă <a href="/wiki/Idealism" title="Idealism">idealistă</a>, al intelectualilor „tradiționali” menit să mascheze totala lor desuetudine (ideologiile arbitrare); discurs care organizează masele umane și creează terenul pe care omul acționează, dobândește conștiința propriei sale poziții, luptă etc. (conștiință colectivă de clasă conectată) (ideologiile organice);</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Althusser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Althusser — pagină inexistentă">Althusser</a></b>: ideologia are o existență cvasimaterială, capabilă să definească ceea ce gândesc oamenii, întruchipată în societatea noastră prin „aparatul ideologic de stat”: biserici, școli și sindicate; ideologia nu este doar o reprezentare iluzorie a realității, ci și mijlocul prin care omul își trăiește relația cu realitatea; orice ideologie are funcția (care o definește) de a „constitui” indivizi concreți ca subiecți (ai autorităților etc.)</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Karl_Mannheim" title="Karl Mannheim">Karl Mannheim</a></b>: idee transcendentă situațional, care nu reușește niciodată de facto să-și realizeze conținutul;</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Minogue</b>: ostilitate împărtășită pentru <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">modernism</a>: pentru liberalism în politică, pentru <a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">individualism</a> în practică și pentru piață în economie;</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sartori" class="mw-disambig" title="Sartori">Sartori</a></b>: unealtă analitică; opusul pragmatismului;</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seliger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seliger — pagină inexistentă">Seliger</a></b>: orice set de credințe orientate spre acțiune organizate într-un sistem coerent;</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geertz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geertz — pagină inexistentă">Geertz</a></b>: sistem cultural;</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=McLellan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McLellan — pagină inexistentă">McLellan</a></b>: un aspect al tuturor sistemelor de semne și simboluri în măsura în care ele sunt implicate într-o distribuție asimetrică a puterii și resurselor. McLellan consideră că există un fel de mecanism intern de autoapărare, care se manifestă sub forma unei naivități metodologice, care îi determină pe teoreticieni să se lase ispitiți de o tentație, extrem de răspândită, aceea de a califica drept ideologie doar perspectiva celuilalt, în raport cu care viziunea proprie se constituie ca un punct de referință al obiectivității, ce permite o decelare corectă a caracteristicilor și a mecanismelor gândirii ideologice;</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Hoevels</b>: ideologia, este după Hoevels, rezultatul selecției memelor în condițiile dominației.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ideologii_sociale_-_capitalism_și_comunism"><span id="Ideologii_sociale_-_capitalism_.C8.99i_comunism"></span>Ideologii sociale - capitalism și comunism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ideologie&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Ideologii sociale - capitalism și comunism" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ideologie&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Ideologii sociale - capitalism și comunism"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Istoric sunt cunoscute mai multe tipuri de organizări statale, fiecare cu calitățile și lipsurile inerente. </p><p>Două mari ideologii asupra organizării sociale marchează timpurile moderne, anume organizarea capitalistă și cea socialist-comunistă. </p><p>Capitalismul pune accentul pe organizarea și conducerea democratică, pe <a href="/wiki/Proprietate_privat%C4%83" title="Proprietate privată">proprietate privată</a>, pe inițiativa liberă, pe <a href="/wiki/Comer%C8%9B_liber" title="Comerț liber">comerț liber</a>, pe <a href="/wiki/Concuren%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Concurență">concurență</a> în toate domeniile acțiunii sociale. </p><p>Comunismul, dimpotrivă, subliniază necesitatea proprietății comune a mijloacelor de producere a bunurilor și serviciilor, a subordonării individului unor principii socio-decizionale rigide, a delegării puterii politice unui grup de indivizi aparent aleși liber, dar în fapt aleși prin presiunea forței, amenințării și fricii. </p><p>Capitalismul, în principiu și în practică, folosește la maximum capabilitatea creativă și interactivă a cetățenilor, fiecare având dreptul să își folosească imaginația, talentul și inițiativa pentru a crea, populariza și oferi-comercializa produsele proprii, fie ca concepte sau bunuri materiale care satisfac nevoi. </p><p>Probabil cel mai mare defect structural al comunismului este inhibarea gândirii creative și acțiunii personale a majorității indivizilor, conduse mai degrabă tiranic decât democratic. Interzicerea practică a inițiativei de orice fel, duce la lipsa de performanță conceptuală și lucrativă generalizată, la inhibarea cercetărilor și experimentelor științifice, tehnologice sau culturale. </p><p>Fără informații și proiecte moderne în știință, tehnologie, artă, organizarea comunistă este săracă material și spiritual, monotonă și opresivă, dat fiind că toate activitățile se fac prin program politizat, nu implică o recompensă proporțională cu rezultatele muncii fiecăruia și interzic critica liberă a celor care conduc, sau încearcă să conducă, dar, de fapt, dezorganizează și ruinează sistematic națiunea prin decizii aberante, fără finalitate pozitivă. </p><p>În mod paradoxal, lumea comunistă, care se definește avangarda gândirii teoretice și practice, fiind incapabilă să creeze singură unelte și tehnologii performante, le cumpără din <a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">capitalism</a>, dar le folosește fără randament, nu le îmbunătățește sistematic, astfel calitatea bunurilor și serviciilor lasă mereu de dorit. </p><p>Pe de altă parte, cumpărând produse scumpe și oferind în loc materii prime ieftine, orânduirile pseudo-comuniste își utilizează resursele naturale în mod irațional și sărăcesc sistematic cetățenii. </p><p>Mulțimea de defecțiuni decizionale și contradicții între afirmații și fapte, care definesc comunismul, a dus în mod inevitabil la scoaterea lui din istorie ca organizare socială viabilă, capabilă să ofere satisfacții materiale și afective pentru majoritate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ideologii_culturale">Ideologii culturale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ideologie&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Ideologii culturale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ideologie&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Ideologii culturale"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Se pot identifica "ideologii" și în spațiul științific, cultural sau filozofic, ele implicând strategii creative specifice, construcții de sisteme de valori, propuneri de modalități de evaluare și aparate critice aplicate diferitelor realizări din sectoare creative importante ale artei sau științei, sau construcții de ipoteze asupra apariției și dezvoltării diferitelor realități fenomenale sau sociale. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ideologie&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ideologie&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: 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