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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-System_of_recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Persons_of_Cultural_Merit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persons_of_Cultural_Merit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Persons of Cultural Merit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persons_of_Cultural_Merit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Order_of_Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Order_of_Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Order of Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Order_of_Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Selected_recipients" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selected_recipients"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Selected recipients</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selected_recipients-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Person_of_Cultural_Merits&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Person of Cultural Merits">Person of Cultural Merits</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Japanese recognition and honor</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shuntaro_Ito_and_Hinako_Yokota_20201104.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Shuntaro_Ito_and_Hinako_Yokota_20201104.jpg/250px-Shuntaro_Ito_and_Hinako_Yokota_20201104.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Shuntaro_Ito_and_Hinako_Yokota_20201104.jpg/375px-Shuntaro_Ito_and_Hinako_Yokota_20201104.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Shuntaro_Ito_and_Hinako_Yokota_20201104.jpg/500px-Shuntaro_Ito_and_Hinako_Yokota_20201104.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Award Ceremony for the Persons of Cultural Merit (November 4, 2020)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Person of Cultural Merit</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">文化功労者</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><i>bunka kōrōsha</i></i></span>)</span> is an official Japanese recognition and <a href="/wiki/Japanese_honors_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese honors system">honour</a> which is awarded annually to select people who have made outstanding cultural contributions. This distinction is intended to play a role as a part of a system of support measures for the promotion of creative activities in Japan. By 1999, 576 people had been selected as Persons of Cultural Merit.<sup id="cite_ref-mext1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mext1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="System_of_recognition">System of recognition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Person_of_Cultural_Merit&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: System of recognition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Order of Culture and Persons of Cultural Merit function in tandem to honor those who have contributed to the advancement and development of Japanese culture in a variety of fields, including academia, arts, science<sup id="cite_ref-mext1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mext1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sports.<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Persons_of_Cultural_Merit">Persons of Cultural Merit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Person_of_Cultural_Merit&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Persons of Cultural Merit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Certificate_of_the_Person_of_Cultural_Merit_for_Maki_Kawai_20211103.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Certificate_of_the_Person_of_Cultural_Merit_for_Maki_Kawai_20211103.png/200px-Certificate_of_the_Person_of_Cultural_Merit_for_Maki_Kawai_20211103.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Certificate_of_the_Person_of_Cultural_Merit_for_Maki_Kawai_20211103.png/300px-Certificate_of_the_Person_of_Cultural_Merit_for_Maki_Kawai_20211103.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Certificate_of_the_Person_of_Cultural_Merit_for_Maki_Kawai_20211103.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="283" /></a><figcaption>Certificate of the Person of Cultural Merit (for <a href="/wiki/Maki_Kawai" title="Maki Kawai">Maki Kawai</a>, November 3, 2021)</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1951 <i>Law on Pensions for the Persons of Cultural Merit</i> honors persons of cultural merit by providing a special government-sponsored pension. Since 1955, the new honorees have been announced on the same day as the award ceremony for the Order of Culture.<sup id="cite_ref-mext1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mext1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Order_of_Culture">Order of Culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Person_of_Cultural_Merit&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Order of Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Culture" title="Order of Culture">Order of Culture</a></div> <p>The award ceremony, which takes place at the Imperial Palace on the <a href="/wiki/Day_of_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of Culture">Day of Culture</a> (November 3). Candidates for the Order of Culture are selected from the Persons of Cultural Merit by the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Education,_Culture,_Sports,_Science_and_Technology" title="Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology">Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology</a>, who then recommends the candidates to the Prime Minister. The final decisions are made by the Cabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-mext1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mext1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_recipients">Selected recipients</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Person_of_Cultural_Merit&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Selected recipients"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Dynamic_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">dynamic list</a> and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Person_of_Cultural_Merit" title="Special:EditPage/Person of Cultural Merit">adding missing items</a> with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>.</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makoto_Asashima" title="Makoto Asashima">Makoto Asashima</a>, developmental biologist<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seiji_Ozawa" title="Seiji Ozawa">Seiji Ozawa</a>, conductor<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hisao_D%C5%8Dmoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hisao Dōmoto (page does not exist)">Hisao Domoto</a>, abstract painter</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toru_Funamura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toru Funamura (page does not exist)">Toru Funamura</a>, composer<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshi_Ichiyanagi" title="Toshi Ichiyanagi">Toshi Ichiyanagi</a>, composer<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akira_Isogai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akira Isogai (page does not exist)">Akira Isogai</a>, bio-organic chemistry researcher<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tota_Kaneko" class="mw-redirect" title="Tota Kaneko">Tota Kaneko</a>, haiku poet<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asami_Maki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asami Maki (page does not exist)">Asami Maki</a>, choreographer<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyoko_Matsuoka" title="Kyoko Matsuoka">Kyoko Matsuoka</a>, author and translator<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makoto_Nagao" title="Makoto Nagao">Makoto Nagao</a>, information engineering<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomijuro_Nakamura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomijuro Nakamura (page does not exist)">Tomijuro Nakamura</a>, Kabuki actor<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatsuo_Nishida" title="Tatsuo Nishida">Tatsuo Nishida</a>, linguist<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Man_Nomura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Man Nomura (page does not exist)">Man Nomura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyogen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyogen">Kyogen</a> actor<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sayume_Okuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sayume Okuda (page does not exist)">Sayume Okuda</a>, craftswoman<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiroyuki_Sakaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiroyuki Sakaki (page does not exist)">Hiroyuki Sakaki</a>, electronic engineer<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koichi_Shimoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koichi Shimoda (page does not exist)">Koichi Shimoda</a>, physicist<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiichi_Sumikawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiichi Sumikawa (page does not exist)">Kiichi Sumikawa</a>, sculptor<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenichi_Tominaga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenichi Tominaga (page does not exist)">Kenichi Tominaga</a>, economic sociologist<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naoya_Shiga" title="Naoya Shiga">Naoya Shiga</a> (1951), author<sup id="cite_ref-mext1_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mext1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Hideki Yukawa</a> (1951), physicist<sup id="cite_ref-mext1_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mext1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masuji_Ibuse" title="Masuji Ibuse">Masuji Ibuse</a> (1966), author (for the work <a href="/wiki/Black_Rain_(novel)" title="Black Rain (novel)">Black Rain</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haruko_Sugimura" title="Haruko Sugimura">Haruko Sugimura</a> (1974), actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motoo_%C5%8Ctaguro" title="Motoo Ōtaguro">Motoo Ōtaguro</a> (1977), music critic<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susumu_Tonegawa" title="Susumu Tonegawa">Susumu Tonegawa</a> (1983), medical researcher<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisaya_Morishige" title="Hisaya Morishige">Hisaya Morishige</a> (1984), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuku_Akino" title="Fuku Akino">Fuku Akino</a> (1991), <a href="/wiki/Nihonga" title="Nihonga">Nihonga</a> painter<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryotaro_Shiba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryotaro Shiba">Ryotaro Shiba</a> (1991), writer<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isuzu_Yamada" title="Isuzu Yamada">Isuzu Yamada</a> (1993), actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migishi_Setsuko" title="Migishi Setsuko">Migishi Setsuko</a> (1994), painter<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakucho_Setouchi" title="Jakucho Setouchi">Jakucho Setouchi</a> (1997), Buddhist nun and author<sup id="cite_ref-Jiji_11-11-2021_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jiji_11-11-2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsuko_Mori" title="Mitsuko Mori">Mitsuko Mori</a> (1998), actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koji_Nakanishi" title="Koji Nakanishi">Koji Nakanishi</a> (1999), chemist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marius_Jansen" class="mw-redirect" title="Marius Jansen">Marius Berthus Jansen</a> (1999), historian<sup id="cite_ref-mext1_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mext1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ito_Masami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ito Masami (page does not exist)">Ito Masami</a> (2000), judge<sup id="cite_ref-mext1_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mext1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bando_Mamoru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bando Mamoru (page does not exist)">Ishimura Uzaemon XVII</a> (2000), <a href="/wiki/Kabuki" title="Kabuki">Kabuki</a> actor<sup id="cite_ref-mext1_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mext1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotaro_Yasuoka" class="mw-redirect" title="Shotaro Yasuoka">Shotaro Yasuoka</a> (2001), writer<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Keene" title="Donald Keene">Donald Keene</a> (2002), educator<sup id="cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Ifukube" title="Akira Ifukube">Akira Ifukube</a> (2003), composer<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shozo_Shimada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shozo Shimada (page does not exist)">Shozo Shimada</a> (2004), artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Takakura" title="Ken Takakura">Ken Takakura</a> (2006), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatsuya_Nakadai" title="Tatsuya Nakadai">Tatsuya Nakadai</a> (2007), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makoto_Asashima" title="Makoto Asashima">Makoto Asashima</a> (2008), biologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakamura_Tomijyuro_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Nakamura Tomijyuro V">Nakamura Tomijyuro V</a> (2008), Kabuki actor<sup id="cite_ref-jtoday_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jtoday-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiho_Koki" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiho Koki">Taiho Koki</a> (2009), <a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">sumo</a> wrestler<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshihide_Kozai" title="Yoshihide Kozai">Yoshihide Kozai</a> (2009), astronomer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayuri_Yoshinaga" title="Sayuri Yoshinaga">Sayuri Yoshinaga</a> (2010), actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hideji_%C5%8Ctaki" title="Hideji Ōtaki">Hideji Ōtaki</a> (2011), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsumoto_K%C5%8Dshir%C5%8D_IX" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsumoto Kōshirō IX">Matsumoto Kōshirō IX</a> (2012), Kabuki actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki" title="Hayao Miyazaki">Hayao Miyazaki</a> (2012), film director, animator, manga artist, producer, and screenwriter<sup id="cite_ref-asahi1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-asahi1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shun%27ichi_Amari" title="Shun'ichi Amari">Shun'ichi Amari</a> (2012), mathematician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroko_Takenishi" title="Hiroko Takenishi">Hiroko Takenishi</a> (2012), author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsumasa_Anno" title="Mitsumasa Anno">Mitsumasa Anno</a> (2012), artist, children's author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keiji_Morokuma" title="Keiji Morokuma">Keiji Morokuma</a> (2012), theoretical and computational chemist<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobutaka_Hirokawa" title="Nobutaka Hirokawa">Nobutaka Hirokawa</a> (2013), neuroscientist and cell biologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamio_Yamakawa" title="Tamio Yamakawa">Tamio Yamakawa</a> (2014), biochemist<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsuneko_Okazaki" title="Tsuneko Okazaki">Tsuneko Okazaki</a> (2015), molecular biologist<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsumura_Setsuko" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsumura Setsuko">Tsumura Setsuko</a> (2016), novelist<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakamura_Kichiemon_II" title="Nakamura Kichiemon II">Nakamura Kichiemon II</a> (2017), Kabuki actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutsuo_Takahashi" title="Mutsuo Takahashi">Mutsuo Takahashi</a> (2017), poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisashi_Yamamoto" title="Hisashi Yamamoto">Hisashi Yamamoto</a> (2018), chemist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moto_Hagio" title="Moto Hagio">Moto Hagio</a> (2019), manga artist<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Shigeru Miyamoto</a> (2019), video game developer<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koichi_Sugiyama" title="Koichi Sugiyama">Koichi Sugiyama</a> (2020), composer<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobuhiro_Kiyotaki" title="Nobuhiro Kiyotaki">Nobuhiro Kiyotaki</a> (2020), economist<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masatoshi_Sakai" title="Masatoshi Sakai">Masatoshi Sakai</a> (2020), record producer<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshiyuki_Tomino" title="Yoshiyuki Tomino">Yoshiyuki Tomino</a> (2021), Mecha anime creator, animator, songwriter, director, screenwriter, novelist<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Person_of_Cultural_Merit&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Decoration_for_Science_and_Art" title="Austrian Decoration for Science and Art">Cross of Honour for Science and Art, First Class</a> (Austria)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Medal_of_Merit_for_Culture_and_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Medal of Merit for Culture and Art">Italian Medal of Merit for Culture and Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_National_Treasure_(Japan)" title="Living National Treasure (Japan)">Living National Treasure (Japan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Arts_and_Letters_of_Spain" title="Order of Arts and Letters of Spain">Order of Arts and Letters of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Honour_(Russia)" title="Order of Honour (Russia)">Order of Honour (Russia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Companions_of_Honour" title="Order of the Companions of Honour">Order of the Companions of Honour</a> (UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordre_des_Arts_et_des_Lettres" title="Ordre des Arts et des Lettres">Ordre des Arts et des Lettres</a> (France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pour_le_M%C3%A9rite" title="Pour le Mérite">Pour le Mérite</a> (Germany; recognised by the state, though not a state order)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Person_of_Cultural_Merit&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mext1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mext1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mext1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mext1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mext1_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mext1_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mext1_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mext1_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mext1_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mext1_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education,_Culture,_Sports,_Science_and_Technology_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan)">Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan)</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/html/hpae200001/hpae200001_2_083.html"><i>Culture 2000</i>.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yomiuri2008-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yomiuri2008_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a 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July 26, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gundam+News&rft.atitle=Gundam+Creator+Yoshiyuki+Tomino+Honored+as+Person+of+Cultural+Merit&rft.date=2021-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgundamnews.org%2Fgundam-creator-yoshiyuki-tomino-honored-as-person-of-cultural-merit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APerson+of+Cultural+Merit" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Person_of_Cultural_Merit&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Peterson, James W., Barry C. Weaver and Michael A. Quigley. (2001). <i>Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States.</i> San Ramon, California: Orders and Medals Society of America. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-890974-09-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-890974-09-1">978-1-890974-09-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Person_of_Cultural_Merit&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Japan, Cabinet Office: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www8.cao.go.jp/shokun/en/index-e.html">Decorations and Medals in Japan</a> <ul><li>Decoration Bureau: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www8.cao.go.jp/shokun/en/honors-system.html#OrderOfCulture">Order of Culture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Mint" title="Japan Mint">Japan Mint</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130105120056/http://www.mint.go.jp/eng/operations/order/medalsofhonor.html">Production Process</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Japan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Japan" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Japan">Orders, decorations, and medals of Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current honors and orders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Chrysanthemum" title="Order of the Chrysanthemum">Order of the Chrysanthemum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Paulownia_Flowers" title="Order of the Paulownia Flowers">Order of the Paulownia Flowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Rising_Sun" title="Order of the Rising Sun">Order of the Rising Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Sacred_Treasure" title="Order of the Sacred Treasure">Order of the Sacred Treasure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Culture" title="Order of Culture">Order of Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Precious_Crown" title="Order of the Precious Crown">Order of the Precious Crown</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Person of Cultural Merit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medals_of_Honor_(Japan)" title="Medals of Honor (Japan)">Medals of Honor</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/50px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/75px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/100px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former honors and orders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kazoku" title="Kazoku">Peerage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Kite" title="Order of the Golden Kite">Order of the Golden Kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukochosho" title="Bukochosho">Bukochosho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Medal_of_Honor" title="Military Medal of Honor">Military Medals of Honor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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