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Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs) | NICHD - Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

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aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-CarneyComplex" type="button" > <span>Carney Complex</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-CarneyComplex" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/carneycomplex" class="parent-link"> <span>Carney Complex</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/carneycomplex/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/carneycomplex/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/carneycomplex/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/carneycomplex/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-CerebralPalsy" type="button" > <span>Cerebral Palsy</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-CerebralPalsy" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cerebral-palsy" class="parent-link"> <span>Cerebral Palsy</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cerebral-palsy/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cerebral-palsy/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cerebral-palsy/findastudy"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cerebral-palsy/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-CongenitalAdrenalHyperplasia(CAH)" type="button" > <span>Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-CongenitalAdrenalHyperplasia(CAH)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cah" class="parent-link"> <span>Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cah/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cah/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cah/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cah/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-CongenitalAnomalies" type="button" > <span>Congenital Anomalies</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-CongenitalAnomalies" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/congenital-anomalies" class="parent-link"> <span>Congenital Anomalies</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/congenital-anomalies/about"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/congenital-anomalies/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/congenital-anomalies/findastudy"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/congenital-anomalies/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-ContraceptionandBirthControl" type="button" > <span>Contraception and Birth Control</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-ContraceptionandBirthControl" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/contraception" class="parent-link"> <span>Contraception and Birth Control</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/contraception/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/contraception/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/contraception/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/contraception/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-CushingSyndrome" type="button" > <span>Cushing Syndrome</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-CushingSyndrome" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cushing" class="parent-link"> <span>Cushing Syndrome</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cushing/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cushing/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cushing/findastudy"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/cushing/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Diabetes" type="button" > <span>Diabetes</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Diabetes" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/diabetes" class="parent-link"> <span>Diabetes</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/diabetes/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/diabetes/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/diabetes/findastudy"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/diabetes/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-DownSyndrome" type="button" > <span>Down Syndrome</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-DownSyndrome" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/downsyndrome" class="parent-link"> <span>Down Syndrome</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/down/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/down/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/down/findastudy"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/down/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-DrivingRisk" type="button" > <span>Driving Risk</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-DrivingRisk" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/drivingrisk" class="parent-link"> <span>Driving Risk</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/driving/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/driving/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/driving/findastudy"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/driving/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-EarlyLearning" type="button" > <span>Early Learning</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-EarlyLearning" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/early-learning" class="parent-link"> <span>Early Learning</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/early-learning/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/early-learning/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/early-learning/findastudy"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/early-learning/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Endometriosis" type="button" > <span>Endometriosis</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Endometriosis" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/endometriosis" class="parent-link"> <span>Endometriosis</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/endometri/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/endometri/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/endometri/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/endometri/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-FragileXSyndrome" type="button" > <span>Fragile X Syndrome</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-FragileXSyndrome" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fragilex" class="parent-link"> <span>Fragile X Syndrome</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fragilex/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fragilex/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fragilex/findastudy"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fragilex/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-FragileX-AssociatedPrimaryOvarianInsufficiency(FXPOI)" type="button" > <span>Fragile X-Associated Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (FXPOI)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-FragileX-AssociatedPrimaryOvarianInsufficiency(FXPOI)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fxpoi" class="parent-link"> <span>Fragile X-Associated Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (FXPOI)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fxpoi/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fxpoi/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fxpoi/findastudy"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fxpoi/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-FragileX-AssociatedTremorandAtaxiaSyndrome(FXTAS)" type="button" > <span>Fragile X-Associated Tremor and Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-FragileX-AssociatedTremorandAtaxiaSyndrome(FXTAS)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fxtas" class="parent-link"> <span>Fragile X-Associated Tremor and Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fxtas/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fxtas/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fxtas/findastudy"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/fxtas/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-HIV/AIDS" type="button" > <span>HIV/AIDS</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-HIV/AIDS" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/hiv" class="parent-link"> <span>HIV/AIDS</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/hiv/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/hiv/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/hiv/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/hiv/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-High-RiskPregnancy" type="button" > <span>High-Risk Pregnancy</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-High-RiskPregnancy" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/high-risk" class="parent-link"> <span>High-Risk Pregnancy</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/high-risk/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/high-risk/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/high-risk/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/high-risk/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Hypoparathyroidism" type="button" > <span>Hypoparathyroidism</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Hypoparathyroidism" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/hypopara" class="parent-link"> <span>Hypoparathyroidism</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/hypopara/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/hypopara/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/hypopara/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/hypopara/resources/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-InfantCareandInfantHealth" type="button" > <span>Infant Care and Infant Health</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-InfantCareandInfantHealth" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infantcare" class="parent-link"> <span>Infant Care and Infant Health</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infantcare/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infantcare/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infantcare/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infantcare/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-InfantMortality" type="button" > <span>Infant Mortality</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-InfantMortality" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infant-mortality" class="parent-link"> <span>Infant Mortality</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infant-mortality/topicinfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infant-mortality/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infant-mortality/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infant-mortality/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-InfertilityandFertility" type="button" > <span>Infertility and Fertility</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-InfertilityandFertility" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infertility" class="parent-link"> <span>Infertility and Fertility</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infertility/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infertility/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infertility/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/infertility/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-current" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-IntellectualandDevelopmentalDisabilities(IDDs)" type="button" > <span>Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-IntellectualandDevelopmentalDisabilities(IDDs)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/idds" class="parent-link"> <span>Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-KlinefelterSyndrome(KS)" type="button" > <span>Klinefelter Syndrome (KS)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-KlinefelterSyndrome(KS)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/klinefelter" class="parent-link"> <span>Klinefelter Syndrome (KS)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/klinefelter/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/klinefelter/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/klinefelter/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/klinefelter/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-LaborandDelivery" type="button" > <span>Labor and Delivery</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-LaborandDelivery" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/labor-delivery" class="parent-link"> <span>Labor and Delivery</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/labor-delivery/topicinfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/labor-delivery/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/labor-delivery/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/labor-delivery/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-LearningDisabilities" type="button" > <span>Learning Disabilities</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-LearningDisabilities" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/learningdisabilities" class="parent-link"> <span>Learning Disabilities</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/learning/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/learning/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/learning/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/learning/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-MaternalMorbidityandMortality" type="button" > <span>Maternal Morbidity and Mortality</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-MaternalMorbidityandMortality" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/maternal-morbidity-mortality" class="parent-link"> <span>Maternal Morbidity and Mortality</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/maternal-morbidity-mortality/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/maternal-morbidity-mortality/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/maternal-morbidity-mortality/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/maternal-morbidity-mortality/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-McCune-AlbrightSyndrome(MAS)" type="button" > <span>McCune-Albright Syndrome (MAS)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-McCune-AlbrightSyndrome(MAS)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/mccune-albright" class="parent-link"> <span>McCune-Albright Syndrome (MAS)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/mccune-albright/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/mccune-albright/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/mccune-albright/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/mccune-albright/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Men&#039;sReproductiveHealth" type="button" > <span>Men&#039;s Reproductive Health</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Men&#039;sReproductiveHealth" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menshealth" class="parent-link"> <span>Men&#039;s Reproductive Health</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menshealth/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menshealth/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menshealth/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menshealth/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Menopause" type="button" > <span>Menopause</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Menopause" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menopause" class="parent-link"> <span>Menopause</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menopause/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menopause/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menopause/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menopause/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-MenstruationandMenstrualProblems" type="button" > <span>Menstruation and Menstrual Problems</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-MenstruationandMenstrualProblems" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menstruation" class="parent-link"> <span>Menstruation and Menstrual Problems</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menstruation/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menstruation/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menstruation/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/menstruation/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-MuscularDystrophy" type="button" > <span>Muscular Dystrophy</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-MuscularDystrophy" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/musculardys" class="parent-link"> <span>Muscular Dystrophy</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/musculardys/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/musculardys/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/musculardys/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/musculardys/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-NecrotizingEnterocolitis(NEC)" type="button" > <span>Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-NecrotizingEnterocolitis(NEC)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/nec" class="parent-link"> <span>Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/nec/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/nec/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/nec/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/nec/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-NeuralTubeDefects(NTDs)" type="button" > <span>Neural Tube Defects (NTDs)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-NeuralTubeDefects(NTDs)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/ntds" class="parent-link"> <span>Neural Tube Defects (NTDs)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/ntds/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/ntds/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/ntds/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/ntds/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Neuroscience" type="button" > <span>Neuroscience</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Neuroscience" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/neuro" class="parent-link"> <span>Neuroscience</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/neuro/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/neuro/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/neuro/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/neuro/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-NewbornScreening" type="button" > <span>Newborn Screening</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-NewbornScreening" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/newborn" class="parent-link"> <span>Newborn Screening</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/newborn/conditioninfo/default"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/newborn/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/newborn/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/newborn/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-ObesityandOverweight" type="button" > <span>Obesity and Overweight</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-ObesityandOverweight" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/obesity" class="parent-link"> <span>Obesity and Overweight</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/obesity/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/obesity/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/obesity/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/obesity/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-OsteogenesisImperfecta(OI)" type="button" > <span>Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-OsteogenesisImperfecta(OI)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/osteogenesisimp" class="parent-link"> <span>Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/osteogenesisimp/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/osteogenesisimp/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/osteogenesisimp/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/osteogenesisimp/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PediatricInjury" type="button" > <span>Pediatric Injury</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PediatricInjury" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pediatric" class="parent-link"> <span>Pediatric Injury</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pediatric/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pediatric/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pediatric/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pediatric/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PelvicFloorDisorders" type="button" > <span>Pelvic Floor Disorders</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PelvicFloorDisorders" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pelvicfloor" class="parent-link"> <span>Pelvic Floor Disorders</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pelvicfloor/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pelvicfloor/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pelvicfloor/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pelvicfloor/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PelvicPain" type="button" > <span>Pelvic Pain</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PelvicPain" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pelvicpain" class="parent-link"> <span>Pelvic Pain</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pelvicpain/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pelvicpain/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pelvicpain/clinicaltrials/default"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pelvicpain/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Pharmacology" type="button" > <span>Pharmacology</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Pharmacology" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pharma" class="parent-link"> <span>Pharmacology</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pharma/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pharma/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pharma/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pharma/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Phenylketonuria(PKU)" type="button" > <span>Phenylketonuria (PKU)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Phenylketonuria(PKU)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pku" class="parent-link"> <span>Phenylketonuria (PKU)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pku/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pku/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pku/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pku/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PheochromocytomaandParaganglioma" type="button" > <span>Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PheochromocytomaandParaganglioma" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pheochrom" class="parent-link"> <span>Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pheochrom/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pheochrom/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pheochrom/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pheochrom/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PituitaryTumors" type="button" > <span>Pituitary Tumors</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PituitaryTumors" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pituitarytumors" class="parent-link"> <span>Pituitary Tumors</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pituitarytumors/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pituitarytumors/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pituitarytumors/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pituitarytumors/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PolycysticOvarySyndrome(PCOS)" type="button" > <span>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PolycysticOvarySyndrome(PCOS)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pcos" class="parent-link"> <span>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pcos/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pcos/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pcos/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pcos/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Prader-WilliSyndrome(PWS)" type="button" > <span>Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Prader-WilliSyndrome(PWS)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/prader-willi" class="parent-link"> <span>Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/prader-willi/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/prader-willi/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/prader-willi/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/prader-willi/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Pre-PregnancyCareandPrenatalCare" type="button" > <span>Pre-Pregnancy Care and Prenatal Care</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Pre-PregnancyCareandPrenatalCare" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preconceptioncare" class="parent-link"> <span>Pre-Pregnancy Care and Prenatal Care</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preconceptioncare/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preconceptioncare/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preconceptioncare/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preconceptioncare/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PreeclampsiaandEclampsia" type="button" > <span>Preeclampsia and Eclampsia</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PreeclampsiaandEclampsia" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preeclampsia" class="parent-link"> <span>Preeclampsia and Eclampsia</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preeclampsia/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preeclampsia/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preeclampsia/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preeclampsia/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PregnancyLoss" type="button" > <span>Pregnancy Loss</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PregnancyLoss" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pregnancyloss" class="parent-link"> <span>Pregnancy Loss</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pregnancyloss/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pregnancyloss/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pregnancyloss/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pregnancyloss/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Pregnancy" type="button" > <span>Pregnancy</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Pregnancy" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pregnancy" class="parent-link"> <span>Pregnancy</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pregnancy/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pregnancy/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pregnancy/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/pregnancy/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PretermLaborandBirth" type="button" > <span>Preterm Labor and Birth</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PretermLaborandBirth" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preterm" class="parent-link"> <span>Preterm Labor and Birth</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preterm/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preterm/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preterm/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/preterm/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PrimaryOvarianInsufficiency(POI)" type="button" > <span>Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PrimaryOvarianInsufficiency(POI)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/poi" class="parent-link"> <span>Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/poi/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/poi/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/poi/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/poi/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-PubertyandPrecociousPuberty" type="button" > <span>Puberty and Precocious Puberty</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-PubertyandPrecociousPuberty" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/puberty" class="parent-link"> <span>Puberty and Precocious Puberty</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/puberty/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/puberty/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/puberty/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/puberty/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-ReadingandReadingDisorders" type="button" > <span>Reading and Reading Disorders</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-ReadingandReadingDisorders" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/reading" class="parent-link"> <span>Reading and Reading Disorders</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/reading/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/reading/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/reading/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/reading/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-RehabilitationMedicine" type="button" > <span>Rehabilitation Medicine</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-RehabilitationMedicine" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rehabilitation-medicine" class="parent-link"> <span>Rehabilitation Medicine</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rehabilitation-medicine/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rehabilitation-medicine/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rehabilitation-medicine/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rehabilitation-medicine/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-RehabilitativeandAssistiveTechnology" type="button" > <span>Rehabilitative and Assistive Technology</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-RehabilitativeandAssistiveTechnology" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rehabtech" class="parent-link"> <span>Rehabilitative and Assistive Technology</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rehabtech/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rehabtech/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rehabtech/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rehabtech/resources"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/reproductivehealth"> <span>Reproductive Health</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-RettSyndrome" type="button" > <span>Rett Syndrome</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-RettSyndrome" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rett" class="parent-link"> <span>Rett Syndrome</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rett/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rett/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rett/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/rett/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-SexuallyTransmittedDiseases(STDs)" type="button" > <span>Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-SexuallyTransmittedDiseases(STDs)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stds" class="parent-link"> <span>Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stds/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stds/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stds/clinicaltrials/default"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stds/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Sleep" type="button" > <span>Sleep</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Sleep" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/sleep" class="parent-link"> <span>Sleep</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/sleep/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/sleep/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/sleep/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/sleep/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-SpinaBifida" type="button" > <span>Spina Bifida</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-SpinaBifida" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/spinabifida" class="parent-link"> <span>Spina Bifida</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/spinabifida/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/spinabifida/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/spinabifida/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/spinabifida/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-SpinalCordInjury(SCI)" type="button" > <span>Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-SpinalCordInjury(SCI)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/spinalinjury" class="parent-link"> <span>Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/spinalinjury/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/spinalinjury/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/spinalinjury/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/spinalinjury/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Stillbirth" type="button" > <span>Stillbirth</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Stillbirth" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stillbirth" class="parent-link"> <span>Stillbirth</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stillbirth/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stillbirth/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stillbirth/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Stroke" type="button" > <span>Stroke</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Stroke" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stroke" class="parent-link"> <span>Stroke</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stroke/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stroke/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stroke/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/stroke/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-SuddenInfantDeathSyndrome(SIDS)" type="button" > <span>Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-SuddenInfantDeathSyndrome(SIDS)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/sids" class="parent-link"> <span>Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/sids/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/sids/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/sids/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/sids/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-TraumaticBrainInjury(TBI)" type="button" > <span>Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-TraumaticBrainInjury(TBI)" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/tbi" class="parent-link"> <span>Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/tbi/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/tbi/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/tbi/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/tbi/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-TurnerSyndrome" type="button" > <span>Turner Syndrome</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-TurnerSyndrome" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/turner" class="parent-link"> <span>Turner Syndrome</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/turner/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/turner/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/turner/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/turner/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-UrinaryTractHealth" type="button" > <span>Urinary Tract Health</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-UrinaryTractHealth" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/urinary" class="parent-link"> <span>Urinary Tract Health</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/urinary/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/urinary/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/urinary/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/urinary/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-UterineFibroids" type="button" > <span>Uterine Fibroids</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-UterineFibroids" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/uterine" class="parent-link"> <span>Uterine Fibroids</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/uterine/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/uterine/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/uterine/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/uterine/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Vaginitis" type="button" > <span>Vaginitis</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Vaginitis" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vaginitis" class="parent-link"> <span>Vaginitis</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vaginitis/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vaginitis/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vaginitis/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vaginitis/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Vasectomy" type="button" > <span>Vasectomy</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Vasectomy" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vasectomy" class="parent-link"> <span>Vasectomy</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vasectomy/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vasectomy/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vasectomy/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vasectomy/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Vulvodynia" type="button" > <span>Vulvodynia</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Vulvodynia" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vulvodynia" class="parent-link"> <span>Vulvodynia</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vulvodynia/conditioninfo"> <span>About</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vulvodynia/researchinfo"> <span>NICHD Research Information</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vulvodynia/clinicaltrials"> <span>Find a Study</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/vulvodynia/more_information"> <span>More Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/topics/womenshealth"> <span>Women&#039;s Health</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/sts"> <span>Safe to Sleep® Campaign</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/ncmhep"> <span>National Child and Maternal Health Education 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class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/funding-opps-and-notices/active-nofos-notices" class="parent-link"> <span>Active Funding Opportunities and Notices for NICHD</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/funding-opps-and-notices/active-nofos-notices/parent"> <span>Parent Announcements (For Unsolicited or Investigator-Initiated Applications)</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/funding-opps-and-notices/funding-types"> <span>Types of NICHD Funding Mechanisms</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/funding-opps-and-notices/dissemination"> <span>NICHD Priorities for Dissemination and Implementation Research</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Contracts" type="button" > <span>Contracts</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Contracts" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/contracts" class="parent-link"> <span>Contracts</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/contracts/about-OA"> <span>About the Office of Acquisitions</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/contracts/contacts"> <span>Acquisitions Contacts</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/contracts/eBidBoard"> <span>NICHD e-BidBoard</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/contracts/resources"> <span>Resources</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-GrantsProcess,Policies&amp;Strategies" type="button" > <span>Grants Process, Policies &amp; Strategies</span> 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href="/grants-contracts/process-strategies/contacts"> <span>NICHD Contacts for Funding Information</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/peer-review"> <span>Peer Review</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-SmallBusinessPrograms" type="button" > <span>Small Business Programs</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-SmallBusinessPrograms" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR" class="parent-link"> <span>Small Business Programs</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/about"> <span>About the Programs</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/priorities"> <span>NICHD Priorities</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-FundingOpportunities" type="button" > <span>Funding Opportunities</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-FundingOpportunities" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/funding" class="parent-link"> <span>Funding Opportunities</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/funding/targeted"> <span>Targeted Opportunities</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/types"> <span>Application Types</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/resources"> <span>Commercialization Resources</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/FAQs"> <span>FAQs</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-SmallBusinessSuccessStories" type="button" > <span>Small Business Success Stories</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-SmallBusinessSuccessStories" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/showcase" class="parent-link"> <span>Small Business Success Stories</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/showcase/BioSensics"> <span>BioSensics™ – Wearable Sensors for Stroke Recovery and Chronic Disability Care</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/showcase/SEEKER"> <span>SEEKER® – The First FDA-Authorized Newborn Screening Platform for Lysosomal Storage Disorders</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/SBIR_STTR/showcase/Simbex-HITS"> <span>Simbex Head Impact Telemetry System – Real-time Monitoring to Improve Safety in 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class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Training&amp;CareerDevelopment" type="button" > <span>Training &amp; Career Development</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Training&amp;CareerDevelopment" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/training-careers" class="parent-link"> <span>Training &amp; Career Development</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-SupportforTrainingatUniversitiesandOtherInstitutions" type="button" > <span>Support for Training at Universities and Other Institutions</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-SupportforTrainingatUniversitiesandOtherInstitutions" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/training-careers/extramural" class="parent-link"> <span>Support for Training at Universities and Other Institutions</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/training-careers/extramural/individual"> <span>Individual Research Fellowships (F)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/training-careers/extramural/career"> <span>Career Development (K) Awards</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/training-careers/extramural/institutional"> <span>Institutional Training Grants (T32/K12)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/training-careers/extramural/education"> <span>Education Grants (R25)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/training-careers/extramural/FAQs"> <span>FAQs About Extramural Training</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-TrainingatNICHD" type="button" > <span>Training at NICHD</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-TrainingatNICHD" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/training-careers/intramural" class="parent-link"> <span>Training at NICHD</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/training-careers/intramural/DIR"> <span>Training in the Division of Intramural Research (DIR)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/grants-contracts/training-careers/intramural/DiPHR"> <span>Training in the Division of Population Health Research (DiPHR)</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/forapplicants"> <span>For Applicants</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/clinicalresearchpoliciesredirect-grants"> <span>Clinical Research Policies</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/sampleapplicationsredirect"> <span>Sample Applications</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/sites/default/files/2017-12/Extramural_Res_Categories_Contacts.pdf"> <span>Find a Program Officer</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/forms.htm"> <span>Forms</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-ClinicalResearch" > <span>Clinical Research</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-ClinicalResearch" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/clinical-research" class="parent-link"> <span>Clinical Research</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/clinical-research#whatis"> <span>What Is Clinical Research?</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/clinical-research#find"> <span>Find NICHD Clinical Trials</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/clinical-research#clinicalcare"> <span>Where Can I Find Clinical Care Recommendations and Practice Guidelines?</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/forresearchers"> <span>For Researchers</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Pre-ApplicationProcessforNICHDNetworkMultisiteClinicalResearch" type="button" > <span>Pre-Application Process for NICHD Network Multisite Clinical Research</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Pre-ApplicationProcessforNICHDNetworkMultisiteClinicalResearch" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/clinical-research/clinical-trial-preapplication-process" class="parent-link"> <span>Pre-Application Process for NICHD Network Multisite Clinical Research</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/clinical-research/clinical-trial-network-non-NICHD-funding"> <span>Network Projects that Use Non-NICHD Funding</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/clinical-research/clinical-trial-preapplication-process/concept-proposal"> <span>Concept Proposal Info</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/clinical-research/par-23-037-faqs"> <span>PAR-23-037 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/clinicalresearchpoliciesredirect-clinical"> <span>Clinical Research Policies</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/NICHDpolicies-clinical"> <span>NICHD Policies for Data &amp; Safety Monitoring</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/health/clinical-research/CSI-curriculum"> <span>Clinician-Scientist Investigator (CSI) Curriculum</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button 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href="/newsroom/digital-media/videos"> <span>Videos</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/newsroom/digital-media/podcastsandaudio"> <span>Podcasts and Audio</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/newsroom/digital-media/socialmedia"> <span>Social Media</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/newsroom/NICHDnews/index"> <span>Join NICHD Listservs</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button " aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-AboutNICHD" > <span>About NICHD</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-AboutNICHD" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about" class="parent-link"> <span>About NICHD</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-Organization" type="button" > <span>Organization</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-Organization" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about/org" class="parent-link"> <span>Organization</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-OfficeoftheDirector" type="button" > <span>Office of the Director</span> </button> <ul id="basic-mobile-nav-section-OfficeoftheDirector" class="usa-accordion__content" data-allow-multiple> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about/org/od" class="parent-link"> <span>Office of the Director</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about/org/od/directors_corner"> <span>Director&#039;s Corner</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about/org/od/oam"> <span>Office of Administrative Management (OAM)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about/org/od/oc"> <span>Office of Communications (OC)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about/org/od/odss"> <span>Office of Data Science and Sharing (ODSS)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about/org/od/ogh"> <span>Office of Global Health (OGH)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about/org/od/ohe"> <span>Office of Health Equity (OHE)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about/org/od/olppe"> <span>Office of Legislation, Public Policy, and Ethics (OLPPE)</span> </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <a href="/about/org/od/ospra"> <span>Office of Science Policy, Reporting, and Program Analysis (OSPRA)</span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu-link"> <button class="usa-accordion__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="basic-mobile-nav-section-DivisionofExtramuralResearch(DER)" type="button" > <span>Division of Extramural Research (DER)</span> </button> <ul 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<img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/2021-11/intellectual-developmental-disabilities-banner.jpg" width="1000" height="285" alt="Young boy with Down syndrome laughing." /> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-breadcrumbs" class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block display-none tablet:display-flex grid-col-fill"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <nav class="usa-breadcrumb usa-breadcrumb--wrap" aria-label="Breadcrumbs"> <ol class="usa-breadcrumb__list add-list-reset uswds-breadcrumbs uswds-horizontal-list"> <li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item"> <a href="/" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>Home</span></a> </li> <li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item"> <a href="/health" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>Health</span></a> </li> <li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item"> <a href="/health/topics" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>A to Z List</span></a> </li> <li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item 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region-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div id="block-nichd-page-title" class="block block-core block-page-title-block"> <h1 class="uswds-page-title page-title"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs)</span> </h1> </div> <div id="block-mobile-related-external-spn-url" class="block block-ctools-block block-entity-field:node:field-related-external-spn-url related-external-link display-block tablet:display-none mobile-related-external-link"> <div class="button-wrapper usa-button"> <a lang="es" class="button-link" aria-label="Visita esta página en español" href="https://espanol.nichd.nih.gov/salud/temas/idds">En Español</a> <svg class="usa-icon" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img"> <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/uswds_nichd/assets/img/sprite.svg#arrow_forward"></use> </svg> </div> </div> <div id="block-nichd-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"> <article data-history-node-id="410"> <div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>IDDs are a primary focus of NICHD’s research support. IDDs include disabilities and disorders that affect the nervous system, metabolism, and cell function and survival.</p> <p>NICHD supports and conducts research to understand the causes and effects of IDDs and to help identify effective therapies for these disorders. NICHD invests heavily in supporting many areas of IDD research, including genetic and developmental causes of IDDs; ways that IDDs affect learning, communication, cognition, and memory; interactions of the family and community with individuals with IDDs; and effect of individual factors on social interactions, behavior, and emotions.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-az-related-pages field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--title-and-relatedpages paragraph--view-mode--topic-grid"> <div class="grid-col-fill"> <div class="field field--name-field-group-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>General Information</h2></div> <div class="field field--name-field-related-pages field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items usa-card-group"> <div class="field__item usa-card tablet:grid-col-6"><article data-history-node-id="1849" class="usa-card__container"> <div class="usa-card__header"> <h3 class="usa-card__heading"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo" rel="bookmark"><span class="field field--name-field-short-title field--type-string field--label-above field__items"> About IDDs </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="usa-card__body"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-short-summary field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>IDDs are disorders that are usually present at birth and that uniquely affect the trajectory of the individual’s physical, intellectual, and/or emotional development.</p></div> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo" rel="bookmark" class="more-link" aria-label="Click to read more about About IDDs">More >></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="field__item usa-card tablet:grid-col-6"><article data-history-node-id="1850" class="usa-card__container"> <div class="usa-card__header"> <h3 class="usa-card__heading"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/symptoms" rel="bookmark"><span class="field field--name-field-short-title field--type-string field--label-above field__items"> What are the signs of IDDs? </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="usa-card__body"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-short-summary field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The signs of IDDs vary depending on the condition. A few signs include a delay in motor skills, difficulty remembering things, and challenges solving problems.</p></div> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/symptoms" rel="bookmark" class="more-link" aria-label="Click to read more about What are the signs of IDDs?">More >></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="field__item usa-card tablet:grid-col-6"><article data-history-node-id="1851" class="usa-card__container"> <div class="usa-card__header"> <h3 class="usa-card__heading"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/risk" rel="bookmark"><span class="field field--name-field-short-title field--type-string field--label-above field__items"> How many people are affected/at risk for IDDs? </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="usa-card__body"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-short-summary field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The exact number of people affected by IDDs is unknown. This is because IDDs cover a wide range of conditions, many of which are diagnosed several years after birth, rather than in newborns.</p></div> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/risk" rel="bookmark" class="more-link" aria-label="Click to read more about How many people are affected/at risk for IDDs?">More >></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="field__item usa-card tablet:grid-col-6"><article data-history-node-id="1852" class="usa-card__container"> <div class="usa-card__header"> <h3 class="usa-card__heading"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/causes" rel="bookmark"><span class="field field--name-field-short-title field--type-string field--label-above field__items"> What causes IDDs? </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="usa-card__body"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-short-summary field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>IDDs have a variety of causes. Some possible causes include genetic mutations, chromosome abnormalities, infection during pregnancy, preterm birth, and traumatic brain injury.</p></div> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/causes" rel="bookmark" class="more-link" aria-label="Click to read more about What causes IDDs?">More >></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="field__item usa-card tablet:grid-col-6"><article data-history-node-id="1853" class="usa-card__container"> <div class="usa-card__header"> <h3 class="usa-card__heading"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/diagnosed" rel="bookmark"><span class="field field--name-field-short-title field--type-string field--label-above field__items"> How do healthcare providers diagnose IDDs? </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="usa-card__body"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-short-summary field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>A test of intelligence or cognition is typically used to diagnose an intellectual disability. Clinicians will also observe a child’s behavior for signs of a disability and assess adaptive behavior. </p></div> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/diagnosed" rel="bookmark" class="more-link" aria-label="Click to read more about How do healthcare providers diagnose IDDs?">More >></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="field__item usa-card tablet:grid-col-6"><article data-history-node-id="1855" class="usa-card__container"> <div class="usa-card__header"> <h3 class="usa-card__heading"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/cure" rel="bookmark"><span class="field field--name-field-short-title field--type-string field--label-above field__items"> What should I do if I think my child has an IDD? </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="usa-card__body"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-short-summary field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Many IDDs have no cure, but there are often ways to treat their symptoms. Your healthcare provider can help you and your child navigate treatment options for IDDs.</p></div> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/cure" rel="bookmark" class="more-link" aria-label="Click to read more about What should I do if I think my child has an IDD?">More >></a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="field__item usa-card tablet:grid-col-6"><article data-history-node-id="1854" class="usa-card__container"> <div class="usa-card__header"> <h3 class="usa-card__heading"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/treatment" rel="bookmark"><span class="field field--name-field-short-title field--type-string field--label-above field__items"> What are treatments for IDDs? </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="usa-card__body"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-short-summary field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>First, speak with your child’s healthcare provider if you suspect your child has an IDD. If the healthcare provider notices signs, then see a developmental pediatrician or another specialist.</p></div> <a href="/health/topics/idds/conditioninfo/treatment" rel="bookmark" class="more-link" aria-label="Click to read more about What are treatments for IDDs?">More >></a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--title-and-relatedpages paragraph--view-mode--topic-grid"> <div class="grid-col-fill"> <div class="field field--name-field-group-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Research</h2></div> <div class="field field--name-field-related-pages field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items usa-card-group"> <div class="field__item usa-card tablet:grid-col-6"><article data-history-node-id="1856" class="usa-card__container"> <div class="usa-card__header"> <h3 class="usa-card__heading"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/researchinfo" rel="bookmark"><span class="field field--name-field-short-title field--type-string field--label-above field__items"> NICHD IDDs Research Information </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="usa-card__body"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-short-summary field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>NICHD conducts and supports research on IDDs and on many disorders associated with IDDs.</p></div> <a href="/health/topics/idds/researchinfo" rel="bookmark" class="more-link" aria-label="Click to read more about NICHD IDDs Research Information">More >></a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--title-and-relatedpages paragraph--view-mode--topic-grid"> <div class="grid-col-fill"> <div class="field field--name-field-group-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Find a Study</h2></div> <div class="field field--name-field-related-pages field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items usa-card-group"> <div class="field__item usa-card tablet:grid-col-6"><article data-history-node-id="1848" class="usa-card__container"> <div class="usa-card__header"> <h3 class="usa-card__heading"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/clinicaltrials" rel="bookmark"><span class="field field--name-field-short-title field--type-string field--label-above field__items"> Find a Study on IDDs </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="usa-card__body"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-short-summary field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>NICHD conducts and supports a variety of clinical research projects related to IDDs.</p></div> <a href="/health/topics/idds/clinicaltrials" rel="bookmark" class="more-link" aria-label="Click to read more about Find a Study on IDDs">More >></a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--title-and-relatedpages paragraph--view-mode--topic-grid"> <div class="grid-col-fill"> <div class="field field--name-field-group-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>More Information</h2></div> <div class="field field--name-field-related-pages field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items usa-card-group"> <div class="field__item usa-card tablet:grid-col-6"><article data-history-node-id="1862" class="usa-card__container"> <div class="usa-card__header"> <h3 class="usa-card__heading"> <a href="/health/topics/idds/more_information/resources" rel="bookmark"><span class="field field--name-field-short-title field--type-string field--label-above field__items"> Resources </span> </a> </h3> </div> <div class="usa-card__body"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-short-summary field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Links to websites of groups that study or provide information about IDDs.</p></div> <a href="/health/topics/idds/more_information/resources" rel="bookmark" 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