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accesskey="r"><span>Koartlyn feroare</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Samar_in_side" title="Gean nei likefolle hokfoar side [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Samar in side</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="It plak om eat út te fiskjen"><span>Help</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Haadside" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedy" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fy.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-fy.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div 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name="search" placeholder="Wikipedy trochsykje" aria-label="Wikipedy trochsykje" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Wikipedy trochsykje [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Wiki:Sykje"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Sykje</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoanlik ark"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fy.wikipedia.org&uselang=fy" class=""><span>Donaasjes</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:Nije_ynstellings_oanmeitsje&returnto=Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Jo wurde fan herten útnûge in akkount oan te meitsjen en jo oan te melden, mar it hoecht net" class=""><span>Akkount meitsje</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:Oanmelde&returnto=Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Jo wurde fan herten útnûge jo oan te melden, mar it hoecht net [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Oanmelde</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Mear opsjes" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoanlik ark" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoanlik ark</span> 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href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:Oanmelde&returnto=Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Jo wurde fan herten útnûge jo oan te melden, mar it hoecht net [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oanmelde</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Siden foar ôfmelde meidoggers <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Yntroduksje" aria-label="Mear witte oer bewurkjen"><span>mear witte</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Myn_bydragen" title="List fan wizigings makke fan dit YP-adres ôf [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Myn_oerlis" title="Oerlis oer bewurkings fan dit YP-adres ôf [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Oerlis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webstee"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Ynhâld" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ynhâld</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">nei sydbalke ferplakke</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ferbergje</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Begjin</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geografy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Floara_en_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Floara_en_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Floara en fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Floara_en_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skiednis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skiednis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Skiednis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Skiednis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Subseksje Skiednis omklappe</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Skiednis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prehistoarje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistoarje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Prehistoarje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistoarje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De_Romeinske_Tiid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_Romeinske_Tiid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>De Romeinske Tiid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_Romeinske_Tiid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De_Midsiuwen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_Midsiuwen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>De Midsiuwen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_Midsiuwen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-De_fiif_folken_fan_Skotlân" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_fiif_folken_fan_Skotlân"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>De fiif folken fan Skotlân</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_fiif_folken_fan_Skotlân-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-It_Skotske_keninkryk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#It_Skotske_keninkryk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>It Skotske keninkryk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-It_Skotske_keninkryk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Frijheidsstriid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frijheidsstriid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Frijheidsstriid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frijheidsstriid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De_uny_mei_Ingelân" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_uny_mei_Ingelân"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>De uny mei Ingelân</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_uny_mei_Ingelân-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De_jakobityske_opstannen_en_ûnderdrukking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_jakobityske_opstannen_en_ûnderdrukking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>De jakobityske opstannen en ûnderdrukking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_jakobityske_opstannen_en_ûnderdrukking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Achttjinde_en_njoggentjinde_iuw" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Achttjinde_en_njoggentjinde_iuw"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Achttjinde en njoggentjinde iuw</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Achttjinde_en_njoggentjinde_iuw-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moderne_tiid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moderne_tiid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Moderne tiid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moderne_tiid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bestjoer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bestjoer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bestjoer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bestjoer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ekonomy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ekonomy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Subseksje Ekonomy omklappe</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ekonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Faluta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faluta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Faluta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faluta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Demografy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demografy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Subseksje Demografy omklappe</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demografy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Algemien" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Algemien"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Algemien</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Algemien-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etnisiteit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etnisiteit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Etnisiteit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etnisiteit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Taal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Godstsjinst" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Godstsjinst"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Godstsjinst</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Godstsjinst-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultuer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultuer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Kultuer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kultuer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klimaat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klimaat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Klimaat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klimaat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sjoch_ek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sjoch_ek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sjoch ek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sjoch_ek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keppelings_om_utens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keppelings_om_utens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Keppelings om utens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keppelings_om_utens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Ynhâld" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ynhâldsopjefte omklappe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ynhâldsopjefte omklappe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Skotlân</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nei it artikel yn in oare taal gean. Beskikber yn 215 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-215" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">215 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="topside"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotland" title="Skotland – Afrikaansk" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skotland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iskusiya" title="Iskusiya – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Iskusiya" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottland" title="Schottland – Switsers Dútsk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Schottland" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switsers Dútsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%AE%E1%89%B5%E1%88%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5" title="ስኮትላንድ – Amhaarsk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ስኮትላንድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhaarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escocia" title="Escocia – Aragoneesk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Escocia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – âldingelsk" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="âldingelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="إسكتلندا – Arabysk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسكتلندا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="سكوطلاندا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سكوطلاندا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF" title="سكوتلاند – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سكوتلاند" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="topside"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escocia" title="Escocia – Asturysk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Escocia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eotlandiya" title="Şotlandiya – Azerbeidzjaansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şotlandiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ایسکاتلند – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایسکاتلند" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шотландия – Basjkiersk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiersk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlandia" title="Skotlandia – Balineesk" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Skotlandia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balineesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottland" title="Schottland – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Schottland" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0kuot%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Škuotėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Škuotėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskosya" title="Eskosya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Eskosya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Шатландыя – Wyt-Russysk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шатландыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Wyt-Russysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Шатляндыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Шатляндыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шотландия – Bulgaarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="स्कॉटलैंड – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="स्कॉटलैंड" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="স্কটল্যান্ড – Bengaalsk" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্কটল্যান্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaalsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="སི་ཁོ་ཁྲི་ལན་ཌི། – Tibetaansk" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སི་ཁོ་ཁྲི་ལན་ཌི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bro-Skos" title="Bro-Skos – Bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bro-Skos" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0kotska" title="Škotska – Bosnysk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Škotska" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Шотланд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Шотланд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="topside"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esc%C3%B2cia" title="Escòcia – Katalaansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escòcia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escocia" title="Escocia – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Escocia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%AD-g%C3%A1ik-l%C3%A0ng" title="Sŭ-gáik-làng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sŭ-gáik-làng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Шотланди – Tsjetsjeensk" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Шотланди" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland_(apil_sa_nasod)" title="Scotland (apil sa nasod) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Scotland (apil sa nasod)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yr_Alban" title="Yr Alban – Welsk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Yr Alban" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%86%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF" title="سکۆتلاند – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سکۆتلاند" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scozia" title="Scozia – Korsikaansk" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Scozia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsikaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotsko" title="Skotsko – Tsjechysk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Skotsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szk%C3%B2ck%C3%B4" title="Szkòckô – Kasjoebysk" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Szkòckô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kasjoebysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Шотланди – Tsjoevasjysk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шотланди" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotland" title="Skotland – Deensk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Skotland" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottland" title="Schottland – Dútsk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schottland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Dútsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0sko%C3%A7ya" title="İskoçya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İskoçya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0otiska" title="Šotiska – Nedersorbysk" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Šotiska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Nedersorbysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="स्कटल्याण्ड – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="स्कटल्याण्ड" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BA%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Σκωτία – Gryks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σκωτία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Gryks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sc%C3%B2sia" title="Scòsia – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Scòsia" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Ingelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="nijsgjirrige siden"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlando" title="Skotlando – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Skotlando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="topside"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escocia" title="Escocia – Spaansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escocia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0otimaa" title="Šotimaa – Estlânsk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Šotimaa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estlânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="topside"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskozia" title="Eskozia – Baskysk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eskozia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escocia" title="Escocia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Escocia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="اسکاتلند – Perzysk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسکاتلند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlanti" title="Skotlanti – Finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Skotlanti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotimaa" title="Sotimaa – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Sotimaa" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikoteladi" title="Sikoteladi – Fijysk" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Sikoteladi" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotland" title="Skotland – Faeröersk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Skotland" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faeröersk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cosse" title="Écosse – Frânsk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Écosse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlun" title="Skotlun – Noard-Frysk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Skotlun" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noard-Frysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albain" title="Albain – Iersk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Albain" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iersk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alba" title="Alba – Schotsk Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Alba" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schotsk Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escocia" title="Escocia – Galisysk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Escocia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="اسکاتلند – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="اسکاتلند" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ek%C3%B3sia" title="Ekósia – Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ekósia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B3" title="𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍄𐍄𐌴𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 – Gothysk" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍄𐍄𐌴𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="स्कॉटलंड – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="स्कॉटलंड" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nalbin" title="Nalbin – Manks" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Nalbin" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kekokia" title="Kekokia – Hawaïaansk" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kekokia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaïaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="סקוטלנד – Hebreeuwsk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סקוטלנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuwsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="स्कॉट्लैण्ड – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्कॉट्लैण्ड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Շոտլանդիա – Armeensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շոտլանդիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սկովտիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սկովտիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0kotska" title="Škotska – Kroatysk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Škotska" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0otiska" title="Šotiska – Oppersorbysk" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Šotiska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Oppersorbysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ek%C3%B2s" title="Ekòs – Haïtiaansk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ekòs" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%B3cia" title="Skócia – Hongaarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Skócia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotia" title="Scotia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Scotia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlandia" title="Skotlandia – Yndonezysk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Skotlandia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Yndonezysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotia" title="Scotia – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Scotia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="סקאטלאנד – Jiddysk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סקאטלאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskosia" title="Eskosia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Eskosia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotia" title="Skotia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Skotia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%E1%BB%8D%CC%81tl%C3%A1nd%C3%AC" title="Skọ́tlándì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Skọ́tlándì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotland" title="Skotland – Yslâns" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skotland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslâns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scozia" title="Scozia – Italiaansk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scozia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="スコットランド – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スコットランド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekotlan" title="Sekotlan – Javaansk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sekotlan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="შოტლანდია – Georgysk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შოტლანდია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shotlandiya" title="Shotlandiya – Karakalpaks" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Shotlandiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Karakalpaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skutlanda" title="Skutlanda – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Skutlanda" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Шотлэнд – Kabardysk" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Шотлэнд" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ek%C9%94s%C9%A9" title="Ekɔsɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ekɔsɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шотландия – Kirgizysk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шотландия – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%A1%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%93" title="ស្កុតឡិន – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ស្កុតឡិន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸ್ಕಾಟ್‌ಲೆಂಡ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸ್ಕಾಟ್‌ಲೆಂಡ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%94%ED%8B%80%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C" title="스코틀랜드 – Koreaansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스코틀랜드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шотландия – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottland" title="Schottland – Kölsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Schottland" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Kölsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlenda" title="Skotlenda – Koerdysk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Skotlenda" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шотландия – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alban" title="Alban – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Alban" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotia" title="Scotia – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scotia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scozia" title="Scozia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Scozia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskosia" title="Eskosia – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Eskosia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottland" title="Schottland – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Schottland" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjotland" title="Sjotland – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sjotland" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sc%C3%B2%C3%A7ia" title="Scòçia – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Scòçia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scozia" title="Scozia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Scozia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ek%C3%B3si" title="Ekósi – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ekósi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%94" title="ປະເທດເອກົດ – Laotiaansk" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດເອກົດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laotiaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0kotija" title="Škotija – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Škotija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotija" title="Skotija – Letlâns" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Skotija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letlâns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ek%C3%B4sy" title="Ekôsy – Malagasysk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ekôsy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dtirana" title="Kōtirana – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kōtirana" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7%E1%80%90%E1%80%9C%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="စကော့တလန်နိုင်ငံ – Birmees" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="စကော့တလန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlandia" title="Skotlandia – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Skotlandia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шкотска – Macedonysk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Шкотска" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="സ്കോട്ട്‌ലൻഡ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്കോട്ട്‌ലൻഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Шотланд – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шотланд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A0%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯂꯦꯟ – Manipoeri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯂꯦꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipoeri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%80%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="သကတ်လာန် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="သကတ်လာန်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="स्कॉटलंड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="स्कॉटलंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skozja" title="Skozja – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Skozja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sc%C3%B3cia" title="Scócia – Mirandees" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Scócia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="اسکاتلند – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اسکاتلند" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottland" title="Schottland – Laagduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Schottland" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Laagduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schotlaand" title="Schotlaand – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Schotlaand" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="स्कटल्यान्ड – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="स्कटल्यान्ड" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schotland" title="Schotland – Nederlânsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Schotland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skottland" title="Skottland – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Skottland" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skottland" title="Skottland – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Skottland" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotia" title="Skotia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Skotia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Acosse" title="Êcosse – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Êcosse" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esc%C3%B2cia" title="Escòcia – Occitaansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Escòcia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Шотланди – Ossetysk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Шотланди" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1" title="ਸਕਾਟਲੈਂਡ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਕਾਟਲੈਂਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskosia" title="Eskosia – Papiaments" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Eskosia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiaments" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cosse" title="Écosse – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Écosse" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlund" title="Skotlund – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Skotlund" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szkocja" title="Szkocja – Poalsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szkocja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poalsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sc%C3%B2ssia" title="Scòssia – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Scòssia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%B9_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="سکاٹ لینڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سکاٹ لینڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%BC%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89" title="سکاټلينډ – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سکاټلينډ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esc%C3%B3cia" title="Escócia – Portugeesk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escócia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugeesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iskuthallp%27a" title="Iskuthallp'a – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Iskuthallp'a" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scozia" title="Scozia – Reto-Romaansk" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Scozia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Romaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sco%C8%9Bia" title="Scoția – Roemeensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scoția" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandia" title="Scotlandia – Aromaniaansk" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Scotlandia" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromaniaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шотландия – Russysk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шкоция – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Шкоция" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%B0" title="ᱥᱠᱚᱴᱞᱮᱱᱰ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱠᱚᱴᱞᱮᱱᱰ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isc%C3%B2tzia" title="Iscòtzia – Sardinysk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Iscòtzia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scozzia" title="Scozzia – Siciliaansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Scozzia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%AA%D8%A7%D9%BD%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%8A" title="اسڪاٽلينڊ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اسڪاٽلينڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0kotska" title="Škotska – Servokroatysk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Škotska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servokroatysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B9%A2ku%E1%B9%ADlanda" title="Ṣkuṭlanda – Tashelhiyt" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Ṣkuṭlanda" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tashelhiyt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%90%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းသၵွတ်ႉတလႅၼ်ႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းသၵွတ်ႉတလႅၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BA" title="ස්කොට්ලන්තය – Singalees" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ස්කොට්ලන්තය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0k%C3%B3tsko" title="Škótsko – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Škótsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0kotska" title="Škotska – Sloveensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Škotska" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikotilani" title="Sikotilani – Samoaansk" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Sikotilani" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotland" title="Skotland – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Skotland" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotland" title="Skotland – Somalysk" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Skotland" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="topside"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skocia" title="Skocia – Albaneesk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Skocia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шкотска – Servysk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шкотска" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikoshilandi" title="Sikoshilandi – Swazi" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Sikoshilandi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swazi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlound" title="Skotlound – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Skotlound" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlandia" title="Skotlandia – Soendaneesk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Skotlandia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Soendaneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skottland" title="Skottland – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Skottland" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uskoti" title="Uskoti – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uskoti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szkocyjo" title="Szkocyjo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Szkocyjo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="இசுக்கொட்லாந்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுக்கொட்லாந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="స్కాట్లాండ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="స్కాట్లాండ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esk%C3%B3sia" title="Eskósia – Tetun" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Eskósia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шотландия – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศสกอตแลนด์ – Thais" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศสกอตแลนด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eotlandi%C3%BDa" title="Şotlandiýa – Turkmeens" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Şotlandiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikotilani" title="Sikotilani – Tongaansk" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Sikotilani" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlan" title="Skotlan – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Skotlan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0sko%C3%A7ya" title="İskoçya – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İskoçya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="nijsgjirrige siden"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шотландия – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шотландия – Oedmoerts" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шотландия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Oedmoerts" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="شوتلاندىيە – Oeigoers" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="شوتلاندىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Oeigoers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Шотландія – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шотландія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%B9_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="اسکاٹ لینڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اسکاٹ لینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shotlandiya" title="Shotlandiya – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shotlandiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sc%C3%B2sia" title="Scòsia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Scòsia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0otlandii" title="Šotlandii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Šotlandii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schotland" title="Schotland – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Schotland" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skot%C3%A4n" title="Skotän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Skotän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esc%C3%B4sse" title="Escôsse – Waals" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Escôsse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Waals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Scotland" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="苏格兰 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苏格兰" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESkotlani" title="ESkotlani – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="ESkotlani" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="შოტლანდია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="შოტლანდია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schotland" title="Schotland – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Schotland" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭 – Sineesk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蘇格蘭" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Sineesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="蘇格蘭" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭 – Kantoneesk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇格蘭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantoneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%CD%98-kat-l%C3%A2n" title="So͘-kat-lân – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="So͘-kat-lân" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiKotilandi" title="IsiKotilandi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsiKotilandi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlan" title="Skotlan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Skotlan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7%E1%80%90%E1%80%9C%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="သကော့တလန်ခမ်းထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="သကော့တလန်ခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlandia" title="Skotlandia – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Skotlandia" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skotlandia" title="Skotlandia – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Skotlandia" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0otlandij%C9%99" title="Šotlandijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Šotlandijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q22#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Yntertaalkeppelings bewurkje" class="wbc-editpage">Keppelings bewurkje</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nammeromten"> <div 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fy" dir="ltr"><table class="toccolours vatop infobox" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="float:right;width:300px;margin-left:0.5em;border: 1px solid #999999; color: #000; background-color: #f8f8f8; font-size:85%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" bgcolor="#f8f8f8"><big><big>Skotlân <br /><small><i>Scotland</i> / <i>Alba</i></small></big></big> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #B0C4DE;">flagge </th> <th style="background-color: #B0C4DE;">wapen </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Flag_of_Scotland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/125px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/188px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/250px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Royal_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Royal_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg/60px-Royal_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Royal_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg/90px-Royal_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Royal_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg/120px-Royal_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="599" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a>: <i><b>In My Defens God Me Defend</b></i> <br /><small>("As Ik Ferdigening Brek Bin, Sil My God Ferdigenje")</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #B0C4DE;">geografyske lokaasje </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Scotland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Scotland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg/250px-Scotland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Scotland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg/375px-Scotland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Scotland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg/500px-Scotland_in_the_UK_and_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="1720" /></a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #B0C4DE;">algemien </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/List_fan_lannen_en_gebieten#Ofhinklike_gebieten" class="mw-redirect" title="List fan lannen en gebieten">gebietsdiel fan</a></b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> it <a href="/wiki/Feriene_Keninkryk" title="Feriene Keninkryk">Feriene Keninkryk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Steatsfoarm" title="Steatsfoarm">pol. status</a></b> </td> <td>dielútmeitsjend lân mei <br />   selsbestjoer </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Haadst%C3%AAd" title="Haadstêd">haadstêd</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edinburch" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburch">Edinburch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Offisjele_taal" title="Offisjele taal">offisjele taal</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ingelsk" title="Ingelsk">Ingelsk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #B0C4DE;">sifers </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Befolking" title="Befolking">ynwennertal</a></b> </td> <td>5.328.000 <small>(2013)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Befolkingstichtens" title="Befolkingstichtens">befolkingstichtens</a></b> </td> <td>68,0 / km² </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Oerflakte" title="Oerflakte">oerflak</a></b> </td> <td>78.387 km² <small>(ynkl. wetter)</small><br /> 76.898 km² <small>(allinnich lân)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #B0C4DE;">bykommende ynformaasje </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Muntienheid" title="Muntienheid">muntienheid</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Britske_p%C3%BBn" class="mw-redirect" title="Britske pûn">Britske pûn</a> (£) (GBP) <br /><small>(ynkl. Skotske pûn)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Tiids%C3%B4ne" title="Tiidsône">tiidsône</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC">UTC</a> (S.T. UTC+1) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Tillefoan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tillefoan">tillefoan</a></b> </td> <td>+44 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/TLD" class="mw-redirect" title="TLD">ynternetekstinsje</a></b> </td> <td>.scot <small>(ek .uk)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Ynternet" title="Ynternet">webside</a></b> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotland.org">www.scotland.org</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Skotlân</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ingelsk" title="Ingelsk">Ingelsk</a>: <i>Scotland</i>, útspr.: ['skɒtlənd]; <a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a>: <i>Scotland</i>, útspr.: ['skɔtɫənd]; <a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Gaelysk" title="Skotsk-Gaelysk">Skotsk-Gaelysk</a>: <i>Alba</i>, útspr.: ['al̪ˠapə]) is in dielútmeitsjend lân (<i>constituent country</i>) fan it <a href="/wiki/Feriene_Keninkryk_fan_Grut-Brittanje_en_Noard-Ierl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Feriene Keninkryk fan Grut-Brittanje en Noard-Ierlân">Feriene Keninkryk fan Grut-Brittanje en Noard-Ierlân</a>. It hat sûnt <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a> in beheinde foarm fan selsbestjoer, mei in eigen <a href="/wiki/Parlemint" title="Parlemint">parlemint</a> en in eigen regear. It gebiet bestiet út 'e noardlike ein fan it <a href="/wiki/Eil%C3%A2n" title="Eilân">eilân</a> <a href="/wiki/Grut-Brittanje_(eil%C3%A2n)" title="Grut-Brittanje (eilân)">Grut-Brittanje</a>, ynkl. in grut tal lytsere eilantsjes foar de westkust (de <a href="/wiki/Hebriden" title="Hebriden">Hebriden</a>) en yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Noardsee" title="Noardsee">Noardsee</a> (de <a href="/wiki/Orkney-eilannen" title="Orkney-eilannen">Orkney</a>- en de <a href="/wiki/Sjetl%C3%A2neilannen" title="Sjetlâneilannen">Sjetlâneilannen</a>). Neffens in skatting út <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a> hie Skotlân doe 5.328.000 ynwenners. </p><p>Fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Iere_Midsiuwen" title="Iere Midsiuwen">Iere Midsiuwen</a> ôf wie Skotlân in ûnôfhinklik <a href="/wiki/Keninkryk" class="mw-redirect" title="Keninkryk">keninkryk</a>, it <a href="/wiki/Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Keninkryk Skotlân">Keninkryk Skotlân</a>, dat gauris yn <a href="/wiki/Oarloch" title="Oarloch">oarloch</a> wie mei <a href="/wiki/Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Ingelân">Ingelân</a>, dêr't it yn it suden oan grinzget. Nei't kening <a href="/wiki/Jakobus_VI_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakobus VI fan Skotlân">Jakobus VI</a> fan Skotlân yn <a href="/wiki/1603" title="1603">1603</a> as Jakobus I op 'e Ingelske troan kaam, waarden de beide lannen lykwols yn in <a href="/wiki/Personele_uny" title="Personele uny">personele uny</a> mei-inoar ferbûn. Dy bân waard yn <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a> omset yn in politike uny, wêrby't Skotlân syn selsstannigens en selsbestjoer ferlear en ûnderdiel waard fan <a href="/wiki/Grut-Brittanje" class="mw-redirect" title="Grut-Brittanje">Grut-Brittanje</a>, dat út 'e Ingelske haadstêd <a href="/wiki/Londen" title="Londen">Londen</a> wei regearre waard. </p><p>Nei ferskate mislearre opstannen yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Santjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Santjinde iuw">santjinde</a> en <a href="/wiki/Achttjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Achttjinde iuw">achttjinde iuw</a> wiene de Skotten twongen om har ûnder it Britske bewâld del te jaan, mar sûnt de ein fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Tweintichste_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Tweintichste iuw">tweintichste iuw</a> is der yn it lân in sterke ûnôfhinklikheidsbeweging ûntstien, dy't oanfierd wurdt troch de <a href="/wiki/Nasjonalisme" title="Nasjonalisme">nasjonalistyske</a> <a href="/wiki/Politike_partij" title="Politike partij">partij</a> <a href="/wiki/Skotske_Nasjonale_Partij" title="Skotske Nasjonale Partij">SNP</a>. Yn <a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a> waard foar it earst in referindum oer ûnôfhinklikheid holden, wêrby't 45% fan 'e Skotten foar stimde. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Dielside bewurkje: Etymology" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Etymology"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De namme "Skotlân" is ôfkomstich fan it wurd <i>Scoti</i>, de <a href="/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn">Latynske</a> namme foar de <a href="/wiki/Gaelyske_talen" title="Gaelyske talen">Gaelen</a> (de <a href="/wiki/Kelten" title="Kelten">Kelten</a> yn it noardwesten fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Britske_Eilannen" title="Britske Eilannen">Britske Eilannen</a>, dêr't behalven de <a href="/wiki/Skotten" title="Skotten">Skotten</a> ek de <a href="/wiki/Ieren_(folk)" title="Ieren (folk)">Ieren</a> en de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manksen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manksen (noch net skreaun)">Manksen</a> ta hearre). Hoewol't de Latynske term <i>Scotia</i> oarspronklik in oantsjutting foar <a href="/wiki/Ierl%C3%A2n" title="Ierlân">Ierlân</a> wie, kaam de namme troch de Gaelyske ferovering fan westlik Skotlân, yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Sechsde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Sechsde iuw">sechsde iuw</a>, op dat gebiet te slaan. Neitiid ferwiisden de kenings fan it feriene Skotlân nei harsels as <i>Basileus Scottorum</i> of <i>Rex Scottorum</i> ("kening fan de Gaelen"; <i>basileus</i> is <a href="/wiki/Gryksk" title="Gryksk">Gryksk</a> foar "soeverein", en <i>rex</i> is <a href="/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn">Latyn</a> foar "kening"), of ek wol <i>Rex Scotiae</i> ("kening fan Gaelelân"). Dy lêste foarm wie nei gedachten in oanpassing dy't feroarsake waard trochdat de Ierske hege kening <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brian_Bor%C3%BAma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brian Borúma (noch net skreaun)">Brian Borúma</a> himsels yn <a href="/wiki/1005" title="1005">1005</a> de titel <i>Imperator Scottorum</i> ("keizer fan 'e Gaelen") oanmeat. Oant yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Alfde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfde iuw">alfde iuw</a> bleau "Skotlân" in term dy't inkeld brûkt waard foar it Gaelysktalige diel fan it lân, benoarden de rivier de <a href="/wiki/Forth_(rivier)" title="Forth (rivier)">Forth</a>. (Dêrnjonken waard ek "Albaanje", in ôflieding fan it Skotsk-Gaelyske <i>Alba</i>, wol brûkt foar dat gebiet.) Pas fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Lette_Midsiuwen" class="mw-redirect" title="Lette Midsiuwen">Lette Midsiuwen</a> ôf rekke de term "Skotlân" yn gebrûk foar hiel it lân. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Scotland_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Scotland_map.png/200px-Scotland_map.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Scotland_map.png 1.5x" data-file-width="253" data-file-height="372" /></a><figcaption>In lânkaart fan Skotlân.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografy">Geografy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Dielside bewurkje: Geografy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Geografy"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It fêstelân fan Skotlân beslacht it noardlike trêdepart fan it <a href="/wiki/Eil%C3%A2n" title="Eilân">eilân</a> <a href="/wiki/Grut-Brittanje_(eil%C3%A2n)" title="Grut-Brittanje (eilân)">Grut-Brittanje</a>, dat foar de kust fan <a href="/wiki/Noardwest-Jeropa" title="Noardwest-Jeropa">Noardwest-Jeropa</a> yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Atlantyske_Oseaan" title="Atlantyske Oseaan">Atlantyske Oseaan</a> leit en ta de <a href="/wiki/Britske_Eilannen" title="Britske Eilannen">Britske Eilannen</a> heart. Skotlân hat in totaal oerflak fan 78.387 km², wêrfan't 1,9% út wetter bestiet. Dêrmei is it kwa grutte ferlykber mei <a href="/wiki/Tsjechje" title="Tsjechje">Tsjechje</a>. De iennichste lângrins fan Skotlân is dy mei <a href="/wiki/Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Ingelân">Ingelân</a>, dy't yn it suden oer in ôfstân fan 96 km fan it súdwesten nei it noardeasten rint, fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Solway_Firth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solway Firth (noch net skreaun)">Solway Firth</a> yn it westen oant de mûning fan 'e rivier de <a href="/wiki/Tweed_(rivier)" title="Tweed (rivier)">Tweed</a> yn it easten. </p><p>Skotlân wurdt oan trije kanten troch <a href="/wiki/See" title="See">see</a> omjûn: yn it easten en noardeasten troch de <a href="/wiki/Noardsee" title="Noardsee">Noardsee</a>, yn it noarden en westen troch de iepen <a href="/wiki/Atlantyske_Oseaan" title="Atlantyske Oseaan">Atlantyske Oseaan</a>, en yn it súdwesten troch de <a href="/wiki/Ierske_See" title="Ierske See">Ierske See</a> en it <a href="/wiki/Noarderkanaal_(Britske_Eilannen)" title="Noarderkanaal (Britske Eilannen)">Noarderkanaal</a>, dy't de eilannen Grut-Brittanje en <a href="/wiki/Ierl%C3%A2n_(eil%C3%A2n)" title="Ierlân (eilân)">Ierlân</a> faninoar skiede. Yn dyselde krite rikt de útein fan it <a href="/wiki/Skiereil%C3%A2n" title="Skiereilân">skiereilân</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kintyre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kintyre (noch net skreaun)">Kintyre</a> oant op 30 km ôfstân fan 'e kust fan <a href="/wiki/Noard-Ierl%C3%A2n" title="Noard-Ierlân">Noard-Ierlân</a>. It tichstbye diel fan it fêstelân fan <a href="/wiki/Jeropa" title="Jeropa">Jeropa</a> is de kust fan súdwestlik <a href="/wiki/Noarwegen" title="Noarwegen">Noarwegen</a>, op 305 km ôfstân nei it noardwesten, wylst de autonome <a href="/wiki/Denemark" title="Denemark">Deenske</a> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%AAreu-eilannen" title="Fêreu-eilannen">Fêreu-eilannen</a> op 270 km nei it noarden lizze. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Scotland_(Location)_Named_(HR).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Scotland_%28Location%29_Named_%28HR%29.png/180px-Scotland_%28Location%29_Named_%28HR%29.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Scotland_%28Location%29_Named_%28HR%29.png/270px-Scotland_%28Location%29_Named_%28HR%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Scotland_%28Location%29_Named_%28HR%29.png/360px-Scotland_%28Location%29_Named_%28HR%29.png 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="759" /></a><figcaption>In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reli%C3%ABf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reliëf (noch net skreaun)">reliëfkaart</a> fan Skotlân.</figcaption></figure> <p>It Skotske fêstelân kin rûchwei opdield wurde yn trije kriten, wêrfan't de <a href="/wiki/Berch" title="Berch">bercheftige</a> <a href="/wiki/Skotske_Heechlannen" title="Skotske Heechlannen">Skotske Heechlannen</a> <a href="/wiki/Geografy" title="Geografy">geografysk</a> sjoen fierwei de grutste binne, mei't se de hiele noardwestlike helte fan it lân beslane. De Heechlannen kinne sels ek wer opspjalten wurde yn twa parten, ntl. de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noardwestlike_Heechlannen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noardwestlike Heechlannen (noch net skreaun)">Noardwestlike Heechlannen</a> yn it uterste noardwesten, en de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grampians&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grampians (noch net skreaun)">Grampians</a> yn it midnoarden. Dy beide kriten wurde faninoar skaat troch de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Glen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Glen (noch net skreaun)">Great Glen</a>, in sintrale delling dy't fan it súdwesten nei it noardeasten dwers troch it berchlân rint, en dêr't û.m. it ferneamde <a href="/wiki/Loch_Ness" title="Loch Ness">Loch Ness</a>, de djipste <a href="/wiki/Mar" title="Mar">mar</a> fan 'e Britske Eilannen, yn leit. De Heechlannen omfiemje ek de heechste <a href="/wiki/Berch" title="Berch">berch</a> fan 'e Britske Eilannen, de <a href="/wiki/Ben_Nevis" title="Ben Nevis">Ben Nevis</a>, mei in hichte fan 1.344 m, en Skotlâns langste <a href="/wiki/Rivier" title="Rivier">rivier</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Tay_(rivier)" title="Tay (rivier)">Tay</a>, mei in lingte fan 180 km. Fierders lizze se besiedde mei marren, wêrûnder it ferneamde en skildereftige <a href="/w/index.php?title=Loch_Lomond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loch Lomond (noch net skreaun)">Loch Lomond</a>. </p><p>Súdlik fan 'e Heechlannen leit it Skotske leechlân, in relatyf smelle bân fan flak gebiet dat fan kust nei kust rint. Dat gebiet is fierwei it tichtst befolke, mei as foarnaamste wenkearnen de Skotske haadstêd <a href="/wiki/Edinburch" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburch">Edinburch</a>, oan 'e eastkust, en de yndustrystêd <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, oan 'e westkust. Hjirby moat trouwens oantekene wurde dat "leechlân" en "flak" yn Skotlân mar relative begripen binne. Yn eardere <a href="/wiki/Geology" title="Geology">geologyske</a> tiidrekken hat it leechlân nammentlik ek bergen kend; sa is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur%27s_Seat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur's Seat (noch net skreaun)">Arthur's Seat</a>, binnen de beboude kom fan Edinburch, in útdôve <a href="/wiki/Fulkaan" title="Fulkaan">fulkaan</a>. Besuden it leechlân wurdt it gebiet tsjin 'e Ingelske grins oan dominearre troch it <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAdskotsk_Berchl%C3%A2n" title="Súdskotsk Berchlân">Súdskotsk Berchlân</a>, in rige <a href="/wiki/Heuvel" title="Heuvel">heuvels</a> fan hast 200 km lang, dy't fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stranraer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stranraer (noch net skreaun)">Stranraer</a> oan 'e Ierske See oant <a href="/w/index.php?title=East-Lothian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East-Lothian (noch net skreaun)">East-Lothian</a> oan 'e Noardsee rikt. Dit gebiet wurdt trochsnien troch brede dellingen en telt withoefolle heuvelpjutsen, wêrfan't de heechste de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merrick_(Gallowegen)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merrick (Gallowegen) (noch net skreaun)">Merrick</a>, yn 'e krite <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallowegen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gallowegen (noch net skreaun)">Gallowegen</a> is, mei in hichte fan 843 m. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:View_of_loch_lomond.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/View_of_loch_lomond.JPG/250px-View_of_loch_lomond.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/View_of_loch_lomond.JPG/375px-View_of_loch_lomond.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/View_of_loch_lomond.JPG/500px-View_of_loch_lomond.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>In útsjoch oer it skildereftige <a href="/w/index.php?title=Loch_Lomond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loch Lomond (noch net skreaun)">Loch Lomond</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Skotlân telt fierders mear as 790 <a href="/wiki/Eil%C3%A2n" title="Eilân">eilannen</a>, dy't rûchwei yn trije <a href="/wiki/Arsjipel" title="Arsjipel">arsjipels</a> yndield wurde kinne. De <a href="/wiki/Hebriden" title="Hebriden">Hebriden</a>, dy't foar de noardwestkust lizze, foarmje de grutste fan dy trije groepen, en wurde ek wol fierder opspjalten yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Binnenste_Hebriden" title="Binnenste Hebriden">Binnenste</a> en de <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BBtenste_Hebriden" title="Bûtenste Hebriden">Bûtenste Hebriden</a>. De grutste Binnenste Hebriden binne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skye_(eil%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skye (eilân) (noch net skreaun)">Skye</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mull_(eil%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mull (eilân) (noch net skreaun)">Mull</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islay_(eil%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islay (eilân) (noch net skreaun)">Islay</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jura_(eil%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jura (eilân) (noch net skreaun)">Jura</a>; it eilân <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arran_(eil%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arran (eilân) (noch net skreaun)">Arran</a>, dat oare kant it skiereilân <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kintyre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kintyre (noch net skreaun)">Kintyre</a> leit, wurdt yn 'e regel net ta de Binnenste Hebriden rekkene. De grutste Bûtenste Hebriden binne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_(eil%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lewis (eilân) (noch net skreaun)">Lewis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harris_(eil%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harris (eilân) (noch net skreaun)">Harris</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noard-Uist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noard-Uist (noch net skreaun)">Noard-Uist</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BAd-Uist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Súd-Uist (noch net skreaun)">Súd-Uist</a>. It petiterige en no ûnbewenne <a href="/wiki/Sint-Kilda" title="Sint-Kilda">Sint-Kilda</a> leit westlik fan 'e Bûtenste Hebriden in hiel ein de Atlantyske Oseaan yn. Noardlik fan Skotlân lizze de oare beide grutte eilannegroepen, de <a href="/wiki/Orkney-eilannen" title="Orkney-eilannen">Orkney-eilannen</a> (foar de Noardskotske kust) en de <a href="/wiki/Sjetl%C3%A2neilannen" title="Sjetlâneilannen">Sjetlâneilannen</a> (fierder de Noardsee op). Dêrnjonken lizze der ek eilannen yn 'e riviermûnings fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Firth_fan_Clyde" title="Firth fan Clyde">Firth fan Clyde</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Firth_fan_Forth" title="Firth fan Forth">Firth fan Forth</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Floara_en_fauna">Floara en fauna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Dielside bewurkje: Floara en fauna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Floara en fauna"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Skotlân is ferneamd om syn <a href="/wiki/Natoer" title="Natoer">natoerskientme</a>, hoewol't ferskate gruttere <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BBchdier" class="mw-redirect" title="Sûchdier">sûchdieren</a> der yn 'e histoaryske perioade troch de <a href="/wiki/Minske" title="Minske">minske</a> mei <a href="/wiki/Oerbejaging" class="mw-redirect" title="Oerbejaging">oerbejaging</a> útrûge binne, lykas de <a href="/wiki/Jeraziatyske_lynks" title="Jeraziatyske lynks">lynks</a>, de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brune_bear&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brune bear (noch net skreaun)">brune bear</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Wolf" title="Wolf">wolf</a>, de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eland (noch net skreaun)">eland</a>, it <a href="/wiki/Everswyn" title="Everswyn">everswyn</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Bever" title="Bever">bever</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Walrus" title="Walrus">walrus</a>. Tsjintwurdich binne der yn 'e Heechlannen noch altyd grutte populaasjes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reahart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reahart (noch net skreaun)">reaharten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ree" title="Ree">reeën</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeropeeske_wylde_kat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeropeeske wylde kat (noch net skreaun)">wylde katten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beamotter" title="Beamotter">beamotters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiskotter" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiskotter">fiskotters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harmeling" title="Harmeling">harmelingen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murd" title="Murd">murden</a> en <a href="/wiki/Sniehazze" title="Sniehazze">sniehazzen</a>. Oan 'e Skotske kusten libje grutte koloanjes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gewoane_seeh%C3%BBn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gewoane seehûn (noch net skreaun)">gewoane</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grize_seeh%C3%BBn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grize seehûn (noch net skreaun)">grize seehûnen</a>. Foar it <a href="/wiki/Reade_iikhoarntsje" class="mw-redirect" title="Reade iikhoarntsje">reade iikhoarntsje</a>, dat yn oare dielen fan Grut-Brittanje yn 'e knipe kommen is troch de opmars fan it út <a href="/wiki/Amearika" class="mw-redirect" title="Amearika">Amearika</a> ôfkomstige <a href="/wiki/Grize_iikhoarntsje" class="mw-redirect" title="Grize iikhoarntsje">grize iikhoarntsje</a>, binne de <a href="/wiki/Nullew%C3%A2ld" title="Nullewâld">nullewâlden</a> fan 'e Skotlân in wier taflecht wurden. Der binne sûnt <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> eksperiminten geande mei it op 'e nij útsetten fan bevers en everswinen. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Lepus_timidus_01-cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Lepus_timidus_01-cropped.jpg/200px-Lepus_timidus_01-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Lepus_timidus_01-cropped.jpg/300px-Lepus_timidus_01-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Lepus_timidus_01-cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="223" /></a><figcaption>De <a href="/wiki/Sniehazze" title="Sniehazze">sniehazze</a>, dy't yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Skotske_Heechlannen" title="Skotske Heechlannen">Skotske Heechlannen</a> rûnom foarkomt.</figcaption></figure> <p>Wat <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BBgels" title="Fûgels">fûgels</a> oangiet is de <a href="/wiki/Keningsearn" title="Keningsearn">keningsearn</a> min ofte mear in nasjonaal symboal fan Skotlân wurden. De <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sniehin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sniehin (noch net skreaun)">sniehin</a>, dy't winterdeis in wyt fearreklaad kriget, komt rûnom foar yn 'e Heechlannen. Op rotsen foar de kust nestelje ûnbidige koloanjes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gint_(f%C3%BBgel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gint (fûgel) (noch net skreaun)">ginten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seepappegaai" title="Seepappegaai">seepappegaaien</a> en oare seefûgels. Ferskate <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B4ff%C3%BBgels" title="Rôffûgels">rôffûgelsoarten</a> dy't ferdwûn wiene, binne sûnt <a href="/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a> wer op 'e nij yntrodusearre, wêrûnder de <a href="/wiki/See-earn" class="mw-redirect" title="See-earn">see-earn</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Reade_glee" title="Reade glee">reade glee</a>. </p><p>De <a href="/wiki/Floara" class="mw-redirect" title="Floara">floara</a> fan Skotlân bestiet út sawol <a href="/wiki/Mingd_w%C3%A2ld" title="Mingd wâld">mingd wâld</a> as <a href="/wiki/Nullew%C3%A2ld" title="Nullewâld">nullewâld</a>, mei dêropta <a href="/wiki/Heide" title="Heide">heide</a>- en <a href="/wiki/Toendra" class="mw-redirect" title="Toendra">toendrasoarten</a>. Hoewol't it lân mar in relatyf leech oantal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faskul%C3%AAre_planten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faskulêre planten (noch net skreaun)">faskulêre planten</a> (<i>Tracheophyta</i>) telt, komme der nammenste mear <a href="/wiki/Moassen" title="Moassen">moassen</a> (<i>Bryophyta</i>) foar. It op grutte skaal oanplantsjen fan produksjebosken, en it behearbelied oangeande weidlân foar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skiep&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skiep (noch net skreaun)">skiep</a> en kommersjele <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fjildsport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fjildsport (noch net skreaun)">fjildsportaktiviteiten</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Golf_(sport)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golf (sport) (noch net skreaun)">golfbanen</a>) hat in negative ynfloed hân op 'e fersprieding fan lânseigen planteguod. In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spjirrebeam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spjirrebeam (noch net skreaun)">spjirrebeam</a> oan 'e igge fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Loch_Fyne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loch Fyne (noch net skreaun)">Loch Fyne</a>, dy't dêr yn 'e <a href="/wiki/1870" title="1870">1870</a>-er jierren plante is, hat de namme de heechste <a href="/wiki/Beam" title="Beam">beam</a> fan it Feriene Keninkryk te wêzen, wylst de <a href="/wiki/Taksisbeam_fan_Fortingall" class="mw-redirect" title="Taksisbeam fan Fortingall">Taksisbeam fan Fortingall</a> nei gedachten omtrint 5.000 jier âld is en dêrmei mooglik it âldste libbene <a href="/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme">organisme</a> yn <a href="/wiki/Jeropa" title="Jeropa">Jeropa</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skiednis">Skiednis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Dielside bewurkje: Skiednis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Skiednis"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistoarje">Prehistoarje</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Dielside bewurkje: Prehistoarje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Prehistoarje"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is ûnbekend hoenear't de earste <a href="/wiki/Minske" title="Minske">minsken</a> har yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Prehistoarje" title="Prehistoarje">Prehistoarje</a> yn Skotlân nei wenjen setten, mei't de opmars en weromtocht fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Gletsjer" title="Gletsjer">gletsjers</a> ûnder ferskate <a href="/wiki/Iistiid" title="Iistiid">iistiden</a> alle spoaren fan minsklike bewenning fan foàr it <a href="/wiki/Mesolitikum" title="Mesolitikum">Mesolitikum</a> útwiske hat. Yn alle gefallen kamen de earste minsklike <a href="/wiki/Jager-sammelder" class="mw-redirect" title="Jager-sammelder">jager-sammelders</a> fan nei de lêste iistiid omtrint 12.800 jier lyn yn Skotlân oan. Permaninte wenten waarden ynsafier bekend foar it earst likernôch 9.500 jier lyn boud, en de earste <a href="/wiki/Doarp" title="Doarp">doarpen</a> waarden omtrint 6.000 jier lyn oanlein. Ut dy snuorje datearret it goed bewarre bleaune doarp <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skara_Brae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skara Brae (noch net skreaun)">Skara Brae</a>, op it haadeilân fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Orkney-eilannen" title="Orkney-eilannen">Orkney-eilannen</a>. Wenten, grêven en fynplakken fan rituële betsjutting út it <a href="/wiki/Neolitikum" title="Neolitikum">Neolitikum</a> binne fral goed bewarre bleaun op 'e Orkey- en <a href="/wiki/Sjetl%C3%A2neilannen" title="Sjetlâneilannen">Sjetlâneilannen</a> en op 'e <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BBtenste_Hebriden" title="Bûtenste Hebriden">Bûtenste Hebriden</a>, dêr't de lju troch in tekoart oan <a href="/wiki/Beam" title="Beam">beammen</a> twongen wiene om mei <a href="/wiki/Stien" class="mw-redirect" title="Stien">stien</a> te bouwen. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Knapp_of_Howar_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Knapp_of_Howar_2.jpg/250px-Knapp_of_Howar_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Knapp_of_Howar_2.jpg/375px-Knapp_of_Howar_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Knapp_of_Howar_2.jpg/500px-Knapp_of_Howar_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>It âldste steande hûs fan noardlik <a href="/wiki/Jeropa" title="Jeropa">Jeropa</a>, yn it Skotske Knap of Howar, út 3.500 f.Kr.</figcaption></figure> <p>Yn <a href="/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a> waard te <a href="/w/index.php?title=Forteviot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forteviot (noch net skreaun)">Forteviot</a>, deunby <a href="/wiki/Perth_(Skotl%C3%A2n)" title="Perth (Skotlân)">Perth</a>, in 4.000 jier âlde grêftombe mei rike grêfgeskinken fan in fierders ûnbekende hearsker út 'e iere <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%BBnstiid" title="Brûnstiid">Brûnstiid</a> opdobbe. Saakkundigen wolle wol hawwe dat Skotlân doedestiden diel útmakke fan in hannelskultuer dy't de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlantyske_Br%C3%BBnstiid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atlantyske Brûnstiid (noch net skreaun)">Atlantyske Brûnstiid</a> neamd wurdt en dêr't ek oare <a href="/wiki/Kelten" title="Kelten">Keltyske</a> riken yn <a href="/wiki/Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Ingelân">Ingelân</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Frankryk</a> en op it <a href="/wiki/Ibearysk_Skiereil%C3%A2n" title="Ibearysk Skiereilân">Ibearysk Skiereilân</a> ta heard hawwe soene. Ut dy tiid datearje in grut tal <a href="/wiki/Monolyt" class="mw-redirect" title="Monolyt">monolityske</a> monuminten (wêrûnder <a href="/wiki/Stiensirkel" title="Stiensirkel">stiensirkels</a>) en grêftombes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De_Romeinske_Tiid">De Romeinske Tiid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Dielside bewurkje: De Romeinske Tiid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: De Romeinske Tiid"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Histoaryske boarnen oer (sij it net út) Skotlân begjinne mei de ferovering troch de <a href="/wiki/Romeinske_Ryk" title="Romeinske Ryk">Romeinen</a> fan it súdlike twatrêde part fan it <a href="/wiki/Eil%C3%A2n_Grut-Brittanje" class="mw-redirect" title="Eilân Grut-Brittanje">eilân Grut-Brittanje</a>, yn it jier <a href="/wiki/43" title="43">43</a>. Yn dy tiid waard Skotlân fan Kaledoanje neamd, en de bewenners fan dat lân hiene neat op mei útlânske oerhearsking. Neffens de Romeinske <a href="/wiki/Skiedskriuwer" class="mw-redirect" title="Skiedskriuwer">skiedskriuwer</a> <a href="/wiki/Tasitus_(skriuwer)" title="Tasitus (skriuwer)">Tasitus</a> namen de Kaledoaniërs as ien man de wapens op tsjin 'e Romeinen. Se foelen Romeinske fortifikaasjes oan en fierden in soarte fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerilja-oarloch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guerilja-oarloch (noch net skreaun)">guerilja-oarloch</a> tsjin 'e Romeinske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Legioen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legioen (noch net skreaun)">legioenen</a>, wêrby't se soms spektakulêre súksessen behellen. Sa wisten se by in nachtlike oanfal hast it hiele <a href="/w/index.php?title=Romeinske_9e_Legioen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romeinske 9e Legioen (noch net skreaun)">Romeinske 9e Legioen</a> út te rûgjen foar't dat ûntset wurde koe troch in ôfdieling <a href="/wiki/Hynstefolk" class="mw-redirect" title="Hynstefolk">hynstefolk</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Hadrian%27s_wall_at_Greenhead_Lough.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Hadrian%27s_wall_at_Greenhead_Lough.jpg/250px-Hadrian%27s_wall_at_Greenhead_Lough.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Hadrian%27s_wall_at_Greenhead_Lough.jpg/375px-Hadrian%27s_wall_at_Greenhead_Lough.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Hadrian%27s_wall_at_Greenhead_Lough.jpg/500px-Hadrian%27s_wall_at_Greenhead_Lough.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1296" data-file-height="972" /></a><figcaption>De <a href="/wiki/Muorre_fan_Hadrianus" title="Muorre fan Hadrianus">Muorre fan Hadrianus</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Yn <a href="/wiki/83" title="83">83</a> of <a href="/wiki/84" title="84">84</a> waarden de Kaledoaniërs lykwols yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Slach_by_Mons_Graupius" title="Slach by Mons Graupius">Slach by Mons Graupius</a> ferslein troch de Romeinske fjildhear <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gnaius_Julius_Agrikola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gnaius Julius Agrikola (noch net skreaun)">Gnaius Julius Agrikola</a>. Neffens Tasitus soe harren lieder in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalgakus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalgakus (noch net skreaun)">Kalgakus</a> west hawwe, dy't de Romeinen derfan beskuldige de wrâld ta in woastenije te meitsjen en dat "it bringen fan frede" te neamen. Nei Agrikola syn oerwinning teagen de Romeinen einlings op nei it noarden, dêr't se deunby de grins tusken it leechlân en de Heechlannen in ferdigeningsliny begûnen oan te lizzen. De ferovering rûn lykwols op 'e non, en trije jier letter hiene de Romeinen har alwer weromlûke moatten oant yn it <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAdskotsk_Berchl%C3%A2n" title="Súdskotsk Berchlân">Súdskotsk Berchlân</a>. Dêr leine se de ferneamde <a href="/wiki/Muorre_fan_Hadrianus" title="Muorre fan Hadrianus">Muorre fan Hadrianus</a> oan, dy't fan 'e Ierske See oant de Noardsee rûn, en de noardgrins waard fan 'e Romeinske provinsje <a href="/wiki/Brittanje" title="Brittanje">Brittanje</a>. </p><p>Yn twa koarte perioaden (de lêste fan <a href="/wiki/208" title="208">208</a> oant <a href="/wiki/210" title="210">210</a>) wisten de Romeinen de grins in eintsje op te skowen nei it noarden, dêr't se yn it sintrale leechlân de minder bekende <a href="/wiki/Muorre_fan_Antoninus" title="Muorre fan Antoninus">Muorre fan Antoninus</a> bouden. Mei't de Romeinske besetting fan in oansjenlik part fan súdlik Skotlân mar in fjirtich jier duorre, kin steld wurde dat Skotlân bûten it <a href="/wiki/Romeinske_Ryk" title="Romeinske Ryk">Romeinske Ryk</a> bleau, al soarge de neite fan 'e provinsje <a href="/wiki/Brittanje" title="Brittanje">Brittanje</a> derfoar dat it tusken de <a href="/wiki/Earste_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Earste iuw">earste</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Fyfde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Fyfde iuw">fyfde iuw</a> wol deeglik in sterke <a href="/w/index.php?title=Romanisaasje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romanisaasje (noch net skreaun)">romanisaasje</a> ûndergie. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Serpent_stone.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Serpent_stone.JPG/180px-Serpent_stone.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Serpent_stone.JPG/270px-Serpent_stone.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Serpent_stone.JPG/360px-Serpent_stone.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>In <a href="/wiki/Pikten" title="Pikten">Piktysk</a> monolitysk monumint by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aberlemno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aberlemno (noch net skreaun)">Aberlemno</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De_Midsiuwen">De Midsiuwen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Dielside bewurkje: De Midsiuwen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: De Midsiuwen"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="De_fiif_folken_fan_Skotlân"><span id="De_fiif_folken_fan_Skotl.C3.A2n"></span>De fiif folken fan Skotlân</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Dielside bewurkje: De fiif folken fan Skotlân" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: De fiif folken fan Skotlân"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Midsiuwen" title="Midsiuwen">Midsiuwen</a> ûntjoech Skotlân him ta in grienmank fan <a href="/wiki/Folk" title="Folk">folken</a> en riken. It noarden en noardeasten fan it lân waard bewenne troch de <a href="/wiki/Pikten" title="Pikten">Pikten</a>, in folk fan ûndúdlik komôf. It wurdt tsjintwurdich wierskynlik achte dat hja ôfstammelingen wiene fan 'e earste weach fan <a href="/wiki/Kelten" title="Kelten">Keltyske</a> lânferhuzers dy't yn it lêste milennium f.Kr. fan it fêstelân fan Jeropa oerstiek nei de Britske Eilannen en him dêr fermong mei de besteande <a href="/wiki/Pre-Yndo-Jeropeeske_talen" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Yndo-Jeropeeske talen">Pre-Yndo-Jeropeeske</a> bewenners. Mei't der lykwols net genôch fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piktysk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piktysk (noch net skreaun)">Piktyske</a> taal oerlevere is om ta in wisse klassifikaasje te kommen, is it net út te sluten dat se eins gjin Kelten wiene, mar it lêste selsstannige restant fan 'e oerbefolking fan Skotlân. </p><p>It Súdskotsk Berchlân en it grutste part fan it leechlân waard al foarôfgeande oan 'e Romeinske Tiid bewenne troch <a href="/wiki/Brytoanyske_talen" title="Brytoanyske talen">Brytoanyske</a> Kelten dy't opdield wiene yn ferskate stammen. Hja wiene nau besibben oan soartgelikense stammen oare kant de Muorre fan Hadrianus, wêrûnder de sterk romanisearre <a href="/wiki/Briganten" title="Briganten">Briganten</a>, dy't al yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Earste_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Earste iuw">earste iuw</a> troch de Romeinen ûnderwurpen wiene. Dizze Brytoanyske Kelten sprieken <a href="/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt">dialekten</a> dy't nau besibbe wiene oan it <a href="/wiki/Welsk" title="Welsk">Welsk</a>, en sadwaande wurdt it Midsiuwske suden fan Skotlân en it oangrinzgjende diel fan noardlik Ingelân troch wittenskippers wol oantsjut mei de Welske namme <i><a href="/wiki/Hen_Ogledd" title="Hen Ogledd">Hen Ogledd</a></i>, "it Alde Noarden". It wichtichste ryk fan 'e Brytoanyske Kelten yn súdlik Skotlân wie <a href="/w/index.php?title=Strathclyde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strathclyde (noch net skreaun)">Strathclyde</a>, dat syn sintrum hie by it hjoeddeiske <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Traigh_Sheilebost.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Traigh_Sheilebost.jpg/230px-Traigh_Sheilebost.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Traigh_Sheilebost.jpg/345px-Traigh_Sheilebost.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Traigh_Sheilebost.jpg/460px-Traigh_Sheilebost.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>It <a href="/wiki/Str%C3%A2n" title="Strân">strân</a> op it eilân <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harris_(eil%C3%A2n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harris (eilân) (noch net skreaun)">Harris</a>, yn 'e <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BBtenste_Hebriden" title="Bûtenste Hebriden">Bûtenste Hebriden</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Fierders setten omtrint <a href="/wiki/500" title="500">500</a> de earste <a href="/wiki/Gaelen" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaelen">Gaelen</a> (of Skotten) út <a href="/wiki/Ierl%C3%A2n_(eil%C3%A2n)" title="Ierlân (eilân)">Ierlân</a> har nei wenjen oan 'e Skotske westkust. Hja namen <a href="/wiki/Taal" title="Taal">taal</a> en <a href="/wiki/Kultuer" title="Kultuer">kultuer</a> mei út Ierlân, en út harren <a href="/wiki/Gaelyske_talen" title="Gaelyske talen">Gaelyske</a> <a href="/wiki/Keltyske_talen" title="Keltyske talen">Keltyske taal</a> soe him neitiid it <a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Gaelysk" title="Skotsk-Gaelysk">Skotsk-Gaelysk</a> ûntjaan. Ek wiene sy it dy't (yn 'e persoan fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Tsjerkfaar" title="Tsjerkfaar">tsjerkfaar</a> <a href="/wiki/Kolumba" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolumba">Kolumba</a>) it <a href="/wiki/Kristendom" title="Kristendom">kristendom</a> nei Skotlân ta brochten. Oan 'e ein fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Sechsde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Sechsde iuw">sechsde iuw</a> waarden de lytse Gaelyske rykjes troch kening <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aidan_fan_Dalriada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aidan fan Dalriada (noch net skreaun)">Aidan</a> feriene ta it keninkryk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalriada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dalriada (noch net skreaun)">Dalriada</a>, dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dunadd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dunadd (noch net skreaun)">Dunadd</a> as haadplak hie. De riken fan 'e Gaelen en de Pikten rekken meitiid almar mear mei-inoar fergroeid, oant de Gaelyske kening <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_MacAlpin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenneth MacAlpin">Kenneth MacAlpin</a> yn <a href="/wiki/843" title="843">843</a> op 'e Piktyske troan kaam. Om't bekend is dat de erfopfolging by de Pikten fia de mem rûn, wurdt wol tocht dat Kenneth syn mem in Piktyske prinsesse west hawwe moat. </p><p>Underwilens wiene de <a href="/wiki/Germaanske_talen" title="Germaanske talen">Germaanske</a> <a href="/wiki/Angelen" title="Angelen">Angelen</a> mei de <a href="/wiki/Saksen_(folk)" title="Saksen (folk)">Saksen</a> en guon <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jutten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jutten (noch net skreaun)">Jutten</a> en <a href="/wiki/Friezen" title="Friezen">Friezen</a> by it <a href="/wiki/Germaanske_Folkeferfarren" class="mw-redirect" title="Germaanske Folkeferfarren">Germaanske Folkeferfarren</a> oan 'e ein fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Romeinske_Tiid" class="mw-redirect" title="Romeinske Tiid">Romeinske Tiid</a> nei de Britske Eilannen tein. Yn 'e <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A2nde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Sânde iuw">sânde iuw</a> hiene hja yn noardlik Ingelân it keninkryk <a href="/wiki/Noardumbrje_(keninkryk)" class="mw-redirect" title="Noardumbrje (keninkryk)">Noardumbrje</a> stifte, en dêrwei begûnen se yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Achtste_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Achtste iuw">achtste iuw</a> oan in opmars yn súdlik Skotlân, ta skea fan 'e ûnderskate riken fan 'e Brytoanyske Kelten dêre. Op it hichtepunt fan har macht behearsken de Angelen it hiele súdeasten fan Skotlân, oan <a href="/wiki/Edinburch" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburch">Edinburch</a> ta, mar fan likernôch <a href="/wiki/800" title="800">800</a> ôf brochten ynterne strideraasjes harren hegemony ûnder fuotten. Boppedat waarden ek de Angelen doe slim teheistere troch de ynfallen fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Wytsingen" title="Wytsingen">Wytsingen</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG/250px-Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG/375px-Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG/500px-Edinburgh_Castle_from_the_south_east.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2404" /></a><figcaption>It Kastiel fan <a href="/wiki/Edinburch" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburch">Edinburch</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Dy Wytsingen wiene yn it gefal fan Skotlân <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noaren_(folk)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noaren (folk) (noch net skreaun)">Noaren</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Denen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Denen (noch net skreaun)">Denen</a>, mar hoewol't ek de Denen mei harren ynfallen grutte skea en slim lijen oer it lân brochten, wiene de Noaren wichtiger. Dy beheinden har nammentlik net inkeld ta ynfallen, mar setten har ek nei wenjen yn it lân, benammen yn it uterste noarden fan 'e Heechlannen (it skiereilân <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caithness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caithness (noch net skreaun)">Caithness</a>) en op 'e Hebriden. Op 'e Orkney- en Sjetlâneilannen waard de oarspronklike Piktyske befolking folslein troch de Noarske kolonisten assimilearre, mar dy beide eilannegroepen foelen yn dy tiid ûnder de Noarske Kroan, en waarden hielendal net ta Skotlân rekkene. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="It_Skotske_keninkryk">It Skotske keninkryk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Dielside bewurkje: It Skotske keninkryk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: It Skotske keninkryk"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As de berte fan it <a href="/wiki/Keninkryk_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Keninkryk Skotlân">Keninkryk Skotlân</a> wurdt ornaris de kroaning beskôge, yn <a href="/wiki/843" title="843">843</a>, fan <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_MacAlpin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenneth MacAlpin">Kenneth MacAlpin</a> ta kening fan Piktlân. Op dat barren folge in stadige ekspânsje fan it mienskiplike keninkryk fan 'e Pikten en de Gaelen, dat tsjin 'e <a href="/wiki/Alfde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfde iuw">alfde iuw</a> "Skotlân" kaam te hjitten. Tsjin 'e <a href="/wiki/Tolfde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolfde iuw">tolfde iuw</a> hiene de Skotske kenings it Brytoanyske súdwesten en it Angelsaksyske súdeasten ferovere, en waarden se as <a href="/wiki/Lienhear" class="mw-redirect" title="Lienhear">lienhear</a> erkend troch de hearskers fan it Gaelyske <a href="/wiki/Skiereil%C3%A2n" title="Skiereilân">skiereilân</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallowegen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gallowegen (noch net skreaun)">Gallowegen</a>, yn it uterste súdwesten, en it Noarske Caithness, yn it uterste noarden. Mei de komst fan in feriene keninkryk ûntstie ek in proses wêrby't Skotlân omtrint de tolfde iuw stadichoan begûn te <a href="/wiki/Feodalisme" title="Feodalisme">feodalisearjen</a>, in ûntwikkeling dy't allinnich mar fuortsterke waard troch de ymmigraasje fan <a href="/wiki/Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Ingelân">Anglo</a>-<a href="/wiki/Normandje" title="Normandje">Normandyske</a> <a href="/wiki/Ealju" class="mw-redirect" title="Ealju">ealju</a> út Ingelân en <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Frankryk</a> wei. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:William_Wallace_Statue_,_Aberdeen2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg/250px-William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg/375px-William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg/500px-William_Wallace_Statue_%2C_Aberdeen2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2539" data-file-height="1869" /></a><figcaption>It stânbyld fan 'e Skotske frijheidsstrider <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace" title="William Wallace">William Wallace</a>, yn <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>De steatkundige grinzen fan Skotlân waarden úteinlik fierhinne fêstlein yn it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdrach_fan_York&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdrach fan York (noch net skreaun)">Ferdrach fan York</a>, út <a href="/wiki/1237" title="1237">1237</a>, mei <a href="/wiki/Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Ingelân">Ingelân</a>, en yn it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdrach_fan_Perth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdrach fan Perth (noch net skreaun)">Ferdrach fan Perth</a>, út <a href="/wiki/1266" title="1266">1266</a>, mei <a href="/wiki/Noarwegen" title="Noarwegen">Noarwegen</a>. Dêr wiene trije wichtige útsûnderings op. It eilân <a href="/wiki/Man_(eil%C3%A2n)" title="Man (eilân)">Man</a>, yn 'e Ierske See, hearde lange tiid by Skotlân, mar gie yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Trettjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Trettjinde iuw">trettjinde iuw</a> ferlern oan Ingelân en ûntjoech him letter ta in selsbestjoerend gebiet dat tsjintwurdich ôfhinklik is fan 'e Britske Kroan mar net fan it Britske regear. Fierders slagge it de Skotten pas yn <a href="/wiki/1472" title="1472">1472</a> om 'e <a href="/wiki/Orkney-eilannen" title="Orkney-eilannen">Orkney</a>- en de <a href="/wiki/Sjetl%C3%A2neilannen" title="Sjetlâneilannen">Sjetlâneilannen</a> los te weakjen fan Noarwegen, en gie yn it uterste súdeasten de stêd <a href="/wiki/Berwick-upon-Tweed" title="Berwick-upon-Tweed">Berwick-upon-Tweed</a> noch yn <a href="/wiki/1482" title="1482">1482</a> ferlern oan Ingelân. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Frijheidsstriid">Frijheidsstriid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Dielside bewurkje: Frijheidsstriid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Frijheidsstriid"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nei it ferstjerren fan kening <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_III_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Aleksander III fan Skotlân">Aleksander III</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1286" title="1286">1286</a>, fjouwer jier letter folge troch de dea fan syn iennichste erfgenamte, syn pakesizzer <a href="/wiki/Margareta_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Margareta fan Skotlân">Margareta</a>, byneamd de Faam fan Noarwegen, ûntstie der in krisis yn Skotlân wêrby't de troan foarearst leech bleau en it lân regearre waard troch de saneamde <a href="/wiki/Beskermhear_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Beskermhear fan Skotlân">beskermhearen</a>. Dat machtsfakuum bea in iepening foar <a href="/wiki/Edwert_I_fan_Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Edwert I fan Ingelân">Edwert I fan Ingelân</a> om syn ynfloed yn Skotlân út te wreidzjen, temear om't him troch de Skotten frege waard om as skiedsrjochter te fungearjen tusken de ferskate troanpretendinten, in barren dat bekend kaam te stean as de '<a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Cause&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Cause (noch net skreaun)">Grutte Kwestje</a>' (<i>Great Cause</i>). Op Edwert syn oanstean waard yn <a href="/wiki/1292" title="1292">1292</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Jan fan Balliol</a>, byneamd Jan Leechmantel, te Berwick-upon-Tweed ta kening kroane, wylst er sels fan 'e Skotten erkenning ôftwong as "alderheechste hear" (<i>Lord Paramount</i>) fan Skotlân, wat derop delkaam dat hy, as kening fan Ingelân, tenei de <a href="/wiki/Lienhear" class="mw-redirect" title="Lienhear">lienhear</a> fan 'e kening fan Skotlân wie. Dêrmei ûndermine er daliks elts gesach dat de nije kening hawwe kinnen hie en makke er Jan ta in soarte fan Ingelsk <a href="/wiki/Lienman" class="mw-redirect" title="Lienman">fazal</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Stirling_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stirling_Bridge.jpg/250px-Stirling_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stirling_Bridge.jpg/375px-Stirling_Bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Stirling_Bridge.jpg/500px-Stirling_Bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>De brêge fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stirling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stirling (noch net skreaun)">Stirling</a>, it toaniel fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Stirling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Stirling (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Stirling</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1297" title="1297">1297</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Twa jier letter, yn <a href="/wiki/1294" title="1294">1294</a>, easke Edwert fan 'e Skotske kening en eallju dat se yn it Ingelske leger tsjinje soene, dat op it <a href="/wiki/Jeropa" title="Jeropa">Jeropeeske</a> fêstelân tsjin 'e <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Frânsen</a> focht. Dat gie sels Jan te fier, en ynstee fan oan Edwert syn easken te foldwaan, sleaten de Skotten doe in bûnsgenoatskip mei de Frankryk, de saneamde <i><a href="/wiki/Auld_Alliance" title="Auld Alliance">Auld Alliance</a></i> ("Alde Alliânsje"), dy't fan <a href="/wiki/1295" title="1295">1295</a> oant <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a> duorje soe. Edwert die dêrop in ynfal yn Skotlân, sette Jan fan Balliol ôf en griep sels de macht yn it lân. Dat late ta de saneamde <a href="/wiki/Skotske_Un%C3%B4fhinklikheidsoarloggen" title="Skotske Unôfhinklikheidsoarloggen">Skotske Unôfhinklikheidsoarloggen</a>, wêrby't <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9as_fan_Moray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andréas fan Moray (noch net skreaun)">Andréas fan Moray</a> en <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace" title="William Wallace">William Wallace</a> as de wichtichste lieders fan it Skotske ferset tsjin 'e Ingelske oerhearsking nei foarren kamen. Hja fersloegen de Ingelsen yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Stirling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Stirling (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Stirling</a>, yn <a href="/wiki/1297" title="1297">1297</a>, mar litten it jiers dêrop in slimmen nederlaach yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Falkirk_(1298)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Falkirk (1298) (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Falkirk</a>. Hoewol't Wallace úteinlik troch ferrie yn Ingelske hannen foel en yn <a href="/wiki/1305" title="1305">1305</a> op in <a href="/wiki/Londen" title="Londen">Londensk</a> skavot einige, wie dat net de ein fan 'e striid, sa't Edwert hope hie. </p><p>Want yn <a href="/wiki/1306" title="1306">1306</a> fermoarde <a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Bruce" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert de Bruce">Robert de Bruce, greve fan Carrick</a>, ien fan 'e wichtichste Skotske troanpretendinten, yn 'e <i><a href="/wiki/Greyfriars_Kirk_(Dumfries)" title="Greyfriars Kirk (Dumfries)">Greyfriars Kirk</a></i> yn <a href="/wiki/Dumfries" title="Dumfries">Dumfries</a> syn foarnaamste rivaal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_III_fan_Comyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan III fan Comyn (noch net skreaun)">Jan III fan Comyn, hear fan Badenoch</a>. Minder as sân wiken letter waard er ta kening fan Skotlân kroane. As Robert I wraksele er dêrnei mear as tweintich jier lang, earst om 'e ûnôfhinklikheid fan syn heitelân werom te winnen, en dêrnei om dy ûnôfhinklikheid feilich te stellen foar de takomst. Mei de oerwinning oer de Ingelsen yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Bannockburn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Bannockburn (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Bannockburn</a>, yn <a href="/wiki/1314" title="1314">1314</a>, bewiisden de Skotten dat se wer baas yn eigen hûs wiene. It jiers dêrop waard Robert syn broer <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bruce_(hege_kening_fan_Ierl%C3%A2n)" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Bruce (hege kening fan Ierlân)">Edward fan Bruce</a> ta hege kening fan Ierlân kroane ûnder de koartduorjende Skotske ynfaazje fan dat troch de Ingelsen bestjoerde eilân. Yn <a href="/wiki/1320" title="1320">1320</a> liet Robert de <a href="/wiki/Ferklearring_fan_Arbroath" title="Ferklearring fan Arbroath">Ferklearring fan Arbroath</a> ôfkundigje, wrâlds earste dokumintearre ûnôfhinklikheidsferklearring. Doe't dy de stipe krige fan <a href="/wiki/Paus" title="Paus">paus</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jehannes_XXII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jehannes XXII (noch net skreaun)">Jehannes XXII</a>, moast ek de Ingelske Kroan him úteinlik by in selsstannich Skotlân dellizze. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg/200px-MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg/300px-MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg/400px-MK18541_Bannockburn_Robert_the_Bruce.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1323" data-file-height="1974" /></a><figcaption>It stânbyld fan <a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Bruce" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert de Bruce">Robert de Bruce</a> op it slachfjild fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Bannockburn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Bannockburn (noch net skreaun)">Bannockburn</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Nettsjinsteande dat holden de beide Britske keninkriken noch iuwenlang in muoisume en by fleagen fijannige relaasje. De oarloch mei Ingelân gie noch desennia lang troch nei de dea fan Robert I yn <a href="/wiki/1329" title="1329">1329</a>. Boppedat late de bittere rivaliteit tusken de Bruce-dynasty en de Comyn/Balliol-famylje ta ynterne rebûlje yn Skotlân en sels ta in <a href="/wiki/Boargeroarloch" title="Boargeroarloch">boargeroarloch</a> dy't oant de midden fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Fjirtjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Fjirtjinde iuw">fjirtjinde iuw</a> oanhold. Hoewol't de Bruce-dynasty de winner yn dy striid waard, feroarsake it brekme oan manlike erfgenamten fan kening <a href="/wiki/David_II_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="David II fan Skotlân">David II</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1371" title="1371">1371</a> dat mei syn omkesizzer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_II_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert II fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Robert II</a> it <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%BBs_Stuart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hûs Stuart (noch net skreaun)">Hûs Stuart</a> op 'e troan kaam. De Stuarts (eins: Stewarts) hearsken dêrnei oant de <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%AAss%C3%A2nse" title="Renêssânse">Renêssânse</a> oer Skotlân, en ûnder harren bewâld makke it lân in gruttere woltier troch as ea tefoaren, nettsjinsteande de oanhâldende konfrontaasjes mei Ingelân en de swierrichheden dy't feroarsake waarden troch de almar djippere kulturele kleau tusken it leechlân en de Heechlannen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De_uny_mei_Ingelân"><span id="De_uny_mei_Ingel.C3.A2n"></span>De uny mei Ingelân</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Dielside bewurkje: De uny mei Ingelân" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: De uny mei Ingelân"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yn <a href="/wiki/1502" title="1502">1502</a> tekene <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakobus_IV_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakobus IV fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Jakobus IV fan Skotlân</a> it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdrach_fan_Ivige_Frede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdrach fan Ivige Frede (noch net skreaun)">Ferdrach fan Ivige Frede</a> mei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hindrik_VII_fan_Ingel%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hindrik VII fan Ingelân (noch net skreaun)">Hindrik VII fan Ingelân</a>. Om dat te besegeljen naam er Hindrik syn dochter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Margareta_Tudor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margareta Tudor (noch net skreaun)">Margareta Tudor</a> ta frou, in houlik dat late ta in famyljebân tusken de <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%BBs_Tudor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hûs Tudor (noch net skreaun)">Tudors</a> fan Ingelân en de Stuarts fan Skotlân. In goede tsien jier letter, yn <a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a>, waard Jakobus troch omstannichheden, de <i>Auld Alliance</i> mei Frankryk en Ingelske agresje twongen en doch in ynfal yn noardlik Ingelân, mar de ekspedysje waard in fiasko, en it Skotske leger waard ferneatigjend ferslein yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Flodden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Flodden (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Flodden</a>, dêr't Jakobus IV by omkaam. Syn soan, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakobus_V_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakobus V fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Jakobus V</a>, stoar yn <a href="/wiki/1543" title="1543">1543</a> sûnder manlike opfolgers, sadat syn dochter <a href="/wiki/Marije_I_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="Marije I fan Skotlân">Marije Stuart</a> op 'e troan kaam as keninginne. Yn <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a> moast Skotlân ûnder Ingelske druk mei it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdrach_fan_Edinburch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdrach fan Edinburch (noch net skreaun)">Ferdrach fan Edinburch</a> de <i>Auld Alliance</i> mei Frankryk beëinigje. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_(1618-1620).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg/170px-Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg/255px-Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg/340px-Portrait_of_King_James_I_%26_VI_%281618-1620%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="3394" /></a><figcaption>Kening <a href="/wiki/Jakobus_VI_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakobus VI fan Skotlân">Jakobus VI fan Skotlân</a>, dy't as Jakobus I ek op 'e Ingelske troan kaam.</figcaption></figure> <p>Datselde jiers, <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a>, fierde Skotlân de troch de tsjerkeherfoarmer <a href="/wiki/John_Knox" title="John Knox">John Knox</a> beïvere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotske_Reformaasje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotske Reformaasje (noch net skreaun)">Reformaasje</a> troch en waard it sadwaande in <a href="/wiki/Kalvinisme" title="Kalvinisme">kalvinistysk</a> lân. Dat late ta nije ynterne striid, mei't de yn Frankryk goedroomsk grutbrochte Marije der neat fan witte woe om nei it <a href="/wiki/Protestantisme" title="Protestantisme">protestantisme</a> oer te gean. Yn in barbaarske boargeroarloch waarden de oanhingers fan 'e keninginne lytsman makke, en Marije sels waard yn <a href="/wiki/1567" title="1567">1567</a> ôfset, wêrnei't Skotlân regearre waard troch in rige reginten foar har jonge soan <a href="/wiki/Jakobus_VI_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakobus VI fan Skotlân">Jakobus VI</a>. Nei in mislearre besykjen om 'e troan werom te winnen, flechte Marije de grins mei Ingelân oer, dêr't se troch har efternicht <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_fan_Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Elizabeth I fan Ingelân">Elizabeth I</a> krapoan tweintich jier lang finzen holden waard, oant har <a href="/wiki/Eksek%C3%BAsje" class="mw-redirect" title="Eksekúsje">eksekúsje</a> yn <a href="/wiki/1587" title="1587">1587</a>. </p><p>Doe't mei Elizabeth yn <a href="/wiki/1603" title="1603">1603</a> it Hûs Tudor útstoar, waard Jakobus VI fan Skotlân as har neiste famyljelid har erfgenamt, en kaam er as <a href="/wiki/Jakobus_I_fan_Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Jakobus I fan Ingelân">Jakobus I</a> op 'e Ingelske troan. Sadwaande waarden Skotlân, Ingelân en ek Ierlân doe feriene yn in <a href="/wiki/Personele_uny" title="Personele uny">personele uny</a>, mei ien en deselde kening oan it bewâld. Hoewol't it lân tenei fierhinne út it Ingelske Londen wei regearre waard, bleau Skotlân lykwols noch in iuw lang yn namme in selsstannich lân, útsein ûnder de koarte perioade fan it <a href="/wiki/Protektoraat_(Grut-Brittanje)" class="mw-redirect" title="Protektoraat (Grut-Brittanje)">Protektoraat</a> (<a href="/wiki/1657" title="1657">1657</a>-<a href="/wiki/1659" title="1659">1659</a>) en it dêropfoljgende <a href="/wiki/Mieneb%C3%AAst_fan_Ingel%C3%A2n,_Skotl%C3%A2n_en_Ierl%C3%A2n" title="Mienebêst fan Ingelân, Skotlân en Ierlân">Mienebêst fan Ingelân, Skotlân en Ierlân</a> (<a href="/wiki/1659" title="1659">1659</a>-<a href="/wiki/1660" title="1660">1660</a>), doe't <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Ingelske_Republyk" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingelske Republyk">Ingelske republikeinen</a> de Britske Eilannen ta ien steat ferienen. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:1st_Viscount_Dundee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/1st_Viscount_Dundee.jpg/200px-1st_Viscount_Dundee.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/1st_Viscount_Dundee.jpg/300px-1st_Viscount_Dundee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/1st_Viscount_Dundee.jpg/400px-1st_Viscount_Dundee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="654" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Graham_fan_Claverhouse,_1e_boarchgreve_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="John Graham fan Claverhouse, 1e boarchgreve Dundee">John Graham fan Claverhouse</a>, byneamd <i>Bonnie Dundee</i>, besocht yn <a href="/wiki/1689" title="1689">1689</a> om 'e nocht en behâldt Skotlân foar kening <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakobus_VII_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakobus VII fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Jakobus VII</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Pas yn <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a> waard mei de beide (Ingelske en Skotske) Wetten op de Uny it feriene keninkryk fan <a href="/wiki/Grut-Brittanje" class="mw-redirect" title="Grut-Brittanje">Grut-Brittanje</a> skepen, mei ien parlemint en ien regear (allebeide yn Londen). Dat barde nei it jammerdearlik ferrûne besykjen om in Skotske koloanje te stiftsjen yn wat no <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> is, dêr't nei't sein wurdt frijwol alle grûnbesitters yn Skotlân jild yn stutsen hiene. It bankrot fan 'e Skotske elite, dat dêr it gefolch fan wie, die in protte om sokken derfan te oertsjûgjen dat de uny mei Ingelân in goed ding wie (foar de miening fan it gewoane folk hie doedestiden nimmen belangstelling), en Ingelske drigeminten dat der oarloch komme soe as de Skotten net omlyk woene, beklonken de kwestje. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De_jakobityske_opstannen_en_ûnderdrukking"><span id="De_jakobityske_opstannen_en_.C3.BBnderdrukking"></span>De jakobityske opstannen en ûnderdrukking</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Dielside bewurkje: De jakobityske opstannen en ûnderdrukking" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: De jakobityske opstannen en ûnderdrukking"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oan 'e ein fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Santjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Santjinde iuw">santjinde</a> en yn 'e earste helte fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Achttjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Achttjinde iuw">achttjinde iuw</a> fûnen der yn Skotlân ferskate <a href="/wiki/Jakobitisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakobitisme">jakobityske</a> opstannen plak. Dat hie dermei te krijen dat kening <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakobus_VII_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakobus VII fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Jakobus VII</a> (Jakobus II fan Ingelân) yn <a href="/wiki/1688" title="1688">1688</a>-<a href="/wiki/1689" title="1689">1689</a> fanwegen <a href="/wiki/Roomsk-katolisisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Roomsk-katolisisme">roomske</a> sympatyen fan 'e troan staat wie, by wat yn Ingelân de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glorieuze_Revol%C3%BAsje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glorieuze Revolúsje (noch net skreaun)">Glorieuze Revolúsje</a> neamd waard, troch syn dochter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marije_II_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marije II fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Marije II</a> en har <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlânske</a> man <a href="/wiki/Willem_III_fan_Oranje-Nassau" title="Willem III fan Oranje-Nassau">Willem III fan Oranje-Nassau</a>. Hoewol't it Hûs Stuart yn 'e persoan fan Marije II en letter yn dy fan har suster <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anne fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Anne</a> (dy't Willem nei dy syn dea yn <a href="/wiki/1702" title="1702">1702</a> opfolge) noch oant <a href="/wiki/1714" title="1714">1714</a> oan 'e macht bleau, fûnen in protte Skotten dizze revolúsje hielendal net sa glorieus, en bleaune trou oan 'e ôfsette kening Jakobus en dy syn rjochtlike opfolgers: syn soan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakobus_III_Stuart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakobus III Stuart (noch net skreaun)">Jakobus VIII</a>, de saneamde Alde Pretendint, en syn pakesizzers <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karel_III_Stuart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karel III Stuart (noch net skreaun)">Karel III</a>, de Jonge Pretendint, en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hindrik_I_Stuart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hindrik I Stuart (noch net skreaun)">Hindrik I</a>, de lêste manlike Stuart, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kardinaal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kardinaal (noch net skreaun)">kardinaal</a> fan 'e Tsjerke, dy't yn <a href="/wiki/1807" title="1807">1807</a> sûnder bern ferstoar. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Lost_Portrait_of_Charles_Edward_Stuart.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Lost_Portrait_of_Charles_Edward_Stuart.jpg/180px-Lost_Portrait_of_Charles_Edward_Stuart.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Lost_Portrait_of_Charles_Edward_Stuart.jpg/270px-Lost_Portrait_of_Charles_Edward_Stuart.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Lost_Portrait_of_Charles_Edward_Stuart.jpg/360px-Lost_Portrait_of_Charles_Edward_Stuart.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4421" data-file-height="5412" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karel_Edwert_Stuart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karel Edwert Stuart (noch net skreaun)">Karel Edwert Stuart</a>, skildere troch <a href="/wiki/Allan_Ramsay" title="Allan Ramsay">Allan Ramsay</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hoewol't de jakobityske opstannen tsjintwurdich gauris beskôge wurde as in ier <a href="/wiki/Nasjonalisme" title="Nasjonalisme">nasjonalistysk</a> besykjen om 'e Skotske ûnôfhinklikheid werom te winnen, wie it eins earder in striid fan roomsen tsjin protestanten, of oars fan politike oanhingers fan it âlde rezjym tsjin dy fan it nije. Boppedat woene de Stuarts net inkeld de Skotske troan, mar ek de Ingelske weromwinne, en as dat harren slagge wie, soe der oangeande de politike status fan Skotlân nei alle gedachten gjin sprút feroare wêze. Mar hoe't it ek sij, de earste jakobityske opstân, as dy sa neamd wurde kin, fûn plak yn <a href="/wiki/1689" title="1689">1689</a>, fuort nei de Glorieuze Revolúsje, doe't <a href="/wiki/John_Graham_fan_Claverhouse,_1e_boarchgreve_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="John Graham fan Claverhouse, 1e boarchgreve Dundee">John Graham fan Claverhouse, 1e boarchgreve Dundee</a>, dy't doedestiden de offisjele befelhawwer fan it Skotske leger wie, in striidmacht mobilisearre om Skotlân foar Jakobus VII te behâlden en de út Ingelân optsjende willemityske legers op te kearen. Behalven reguliere troepen makke er dêrby gebrûk fan in grut tal leden fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Skotske_clans" title="Skotske clans">Heechlânske clans</a>, dy't de namme hiene fûleindige fjochters te wêzen (mei't se al sûnt de Midsiuwen allegeduerigen ûnderling deilis wiene). Hoewol't <i>Bonnie Dundee</i>, sa't er neitiid neamd waard, yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Killiecrankie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Killiecrankie (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Killiecrankie</a> in grutte oerwinning behelle, sneuvele er sels op it slachfjild, wêrnei't syn leger as snie foar de sinne fuortteide en Skotlân foar de jakobityske saak ferlern gie. </p><p>Nei't Skotlân yn <a href="/wiki/1707" title="1707">1707</a> syn ûnôfhinklikheid kwytrekke wie en nei't yn <a href="/wiki/1714" title="1714">1714</a> de <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsl%C3%A2n" title="Dútslân">Dútske</a> <a href="/wiki/Karfoarst" title="Karfoarst">karfoarst</a> fan <a href="/wiki/Hannover_(keninkryk)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hannover (keninkryk)">Hannover</a> as <a href="/wiki/George_I_fan_Grut-Brittanje" title="George I fan Grut-Brittanje">George I</a> op 'e Britske troan kommen wie, fûn der yn <a href="/wiki/1715" title="1715">1715</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakobityske_Opst%C3%A2n_fan_1715&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakobityske Opstân fan 1715 (noch net skreaun)">nije jakobityske opstân</a> plak, dy't yn Skotlân bekend kaam te stean as <i>the Fifteen</i>. Dêrby brocht <a href="/wiki/John_Erskine,_greve_fan_Mar_(1675-1732)" title="John Erskine, greve fan Mar (1675-1732)">John Erskine, greve fan Mar</a> de clans gear om tsjin it nije Hannoveraanske bewâld te striden, mar syn legerke waard yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Sheriffmuir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Sheriffmuir (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Sheriffmuir</a> ferslein, wêrnei't Mar de lêste santjin jier fan syn libben as balling yn Frankryk trochbrocht. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:The_Battle_of_Culloden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/The_Battle_of_Culloden.jpg/250px-The_Battle_of_Culloden.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/The_Battle_of_Culloden.jpg/375px-The_Battle_of_Culloden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/The_Battle_of_Culloden.jpg/500px-The_Battle_of_Culloden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1207" /></a><figcaption>De <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Culloden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Culloden (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Culloden</a>, yn <a href="/wiki/1746" title="1746">1746</a>, op in <a href="/wiki/Skilderij" title="Skilderij">skilderij</a> fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Morier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Morier (noch net skreaun)">David Morier</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>De <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakobityske_Opst%C3%A2n_fan_1745&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakobityske Opstân fan 1745 (noch net skreaun)">meast ferneamde jakobityske opstân</a>, <i>the Forty-Five</i>, fûn plak yn <a href="/wiki/1745" title="1745">1745</a>, doe't de Jonge Pretendint Karel Edwert Stuart, better bekend as <i>Bonnie Prince Charlie</i>, op 'e Skotske kust lâne en de Heechlânske clans oprôp ta rebûlje, en in grut diel fan 'e clans gehoar joech oan dy oprop. Hoewol't dizze opstân begûn sûnder ienige foarm fan tarieding, hiene de jakobiten diskear it elemint fan 'e ferrassing oan har kant, en boppedat wiene de measte Britske troepen op it fêstelân fan Jeropa behelle yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastenrykske_S%C3%BAksesjeoarloch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastenrykske Súksesjeoarloch (noch net skreaun)">Eastenrykske Súksesjeoarloch</a>. Nei in flugge oerwinning yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Prestonpans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Prestonpans (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Prestonpans</a> wisten de jakobiten grutte parten fan Skotlân, mei dêrûnder de haadstêd Edinburch, yn 'e hannen te krijen. Dêrnei begûn prins Karel mei syn Heechlânske leger oan in opmars troch Ingelân, mar wat fierder oft de Skotten fan har heitelân ôf rekken, wat minder oft it har noaske en wat mear oft <a href="/wiki/Desersje" title="Desersje">desertearren</a>. Likegoed wisten de jakobiten <a href="/w/index.php?title=Derby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Derby (noch net skreaun)">Derby</a>, yn súdlik Ingelân, te berikken foar't se tsjinkeard wurde koene troch guon mei tûzen hasten fan it kontinint weromhelle Ingelske troepen. In weromtocht wie doe net oan te ûntkommen, en prins Karel moast him mei syn leger weromlûke yn 'e Skotske Heechlannen, dêr't lykwols nije troepen wûn wurde koene. De opstân einige op 't lêst yn 'e klimaktyske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slach_by_Culloden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slach by Culloden (noch net skreaun)">Slach by Culloden</a>, dêr't de moed fan 'e Heechlânske clans op <a href="/wiki/16_april" title="16 april">16 april</a> <a href="/wiki/1746" title="1746">1746</a> smoard waard yn it boalderjen fan Ingelske <a href="/wiki/Kanon_(wapen)" title="Kanon (wapen)">kanonnen</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Culloden_Battlefield_Memorial_Cairn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Culloden_Battlefield_Memorial_Cairn.jpg/150px-Culloden_Battlefield_Memorial_Cairn.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Culloden_Battlefield_Memorial_Cairn.jpg/225px-Culloden_Battlefield_Memorial_Cairn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Culloden_Battlefield_Memorial_Cairn.jpg/300px-Culloden_Battlefield_Memorial_Cairn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>It Culloden-monumint, oprjochte yn <a href="/wiki/1881" title="1881">1881</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Karel Edwert Stuart doarme neitiid in simmer lang troch de Heechlannen en de Hebriden fan skûlplak nei skûlplak, oant er úteinlik ûntkomme koe nei Frankryk, dêr't er oant syn dea yn <a href="/wiki/1788" title="1788">1788</a> neat mear út 'e wei sette. Underwilens krige Skotlân nei ôfrin fan 'e opstân slim te lijen fan Ingelske ûnderdrukking. It Britske leger hold plonderjend en brânskattend hûs yn it lân en 120 fan 'e jakobityske lieders krigen de <a href="/wiki/Deastraf" title="Deastraf">deastraf</a>, wylst mear as 1.100 oaren fan hûs en hiem ferballe waarden nei de koloanjes. It dragen fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Kilt" title="Kilt">kilt</a> waard oant <a href="/wiki/1782" title="1782">1782</a> by wet ferbean, en de befolking fan 'e Heechlannen en de Hebriden waard fierder troffen troch in miltêre besetting dy't noch jierren oanhold. De opstân fan 1745 wie in ramp dy't it clanwêzen yn Skotlân nea wer te boppe komme soe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Achttjinde_en_njoggentjinde_iuw">Achttjinde en njoggentjinde iuw</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Dielside bewurkje: Achttjinde en njoggentjinde iuw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Achttjinde en njoggentjinde iuw"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nei de opskuor fan 'e jakobityske opstannen wist benammen it Skotske leechlân yn 'e twadde helte fan 'e achttjinde iuw al rillegau wer de tried op te pakken. De saneamde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotske_Ferljochting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotske Ferljochting (noch net skreaun)">Skotske Ferljochting</a>, mei figueren as de <a href="/wiki/Natuerkundige" title="Natuerkundige">natuerkundigen</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">James Clerk Maxwell</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Thomson,_1e_baron_Kelvin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Thomson, 1e baron Kelvin (noch net skreaun)">William Thomson baron Kelvin</a> en <a href="/wiki/Yngenieur" title="Yngenieur">yngenieurs</a> as <a href="/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt">James Watt</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Murdoch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Murdoch (noch net skreaun)">William Murdoch</a>, klearre it paad foar in <a href="/wiki/Yndustri%C3%ABle_Revol%C3%BAsje" title="Yndustriële Revolúsje">Yndustriële Revolúsje</a> dy't fan Skotlân in <a href="/wiki/Ekonomy" title="Ekonomy">ekonomyske</a> grutmacht makke. It wie yn dy tiid dat de <a href="/wiki/Yndustry" title="Yndustry">yndustrystêd</a> <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a> foar it earst yn oansjen kaam, benammen as ien fan 'e wichtichste sintra fan <a href="/wiki/Skipsbou" title="Skipsbou">skipsbou</a> fan 'e wrâld. De yndustrialisaasje gie lykwols ek mank mei abominabele wurk- en wenomstannichheden foar de arbeiders fan 'e almar úttynjende fabriken. Yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Njoggentjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Njoggentjinde iuw">njoggentjinde iuw</a> hie Glasgow fierwei it heechste bernestjertesifer fan Skotlân en ûnder de deun opinoar libjende arbeiderspopulaasje koene besmetlike sykten as <a href="/wiki/Tuberkuloaze" title="Tuberkuloaze">tuberkuloaze</a> en <a href="/wiki/Goalera" title="Goalera">goalera</a> har as diggelfjoer ferspriede. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:John_Atkinson_Grimshaw_-_Shipping_on_the_Clyde_(1881).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/John_Atkinson_Grimshaw_-_Shipping_on_the_Clyde_%281881%29.jpg/250px-John_Atkinson_Grimshaw_-_Shipping_on_the_Clyde_%281881%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/John_Atkinson_Grimshaw_-_Shipping_on_the_Clyde_%281881%29.jpg/375px-John_Atkinson_Grimshaw_-_Shipping_on_the_Clyde_%281881%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/John_Atkinson_Grimshaw_-_Shipping_on_the_Clyde_%281881%29.jpg/500px-John_Atkinson_Grimshaw_-_Shipping_on_the_Clyde_%281881%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2750" data-file-height="1637" /></a><figcaption>"Skipfeart op 'e Clyde", in <a href="/wiki/Skilderij" title="Skilderij">skilderij</a> fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Atkinson_Grimshaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Atkinson Grimshaw (noch net skreaun)">John Atkinson Grimshaw</a>, út <a href="/wiki/1881" title="1881">1881</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ek op kultureel mêd droech Skotlân yn dy tiid o sa by oan 'e Ingelsktalige wrâld, mei <a href="/wiki/Skriuwer" title="Skriuwer">skriuwers</a> as sir <a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a> en letter <a href="/wiki/Robert_Louis_Stevenson" title="Robert Louis Stevenson">Robert Louis Stevenson</a>, sir <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle" title="Arthur Conan Doyle">Arthur Conan Doyle</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_MacDonald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George MacDonald (noch net skreaun)">George MacDonald</a>. Op it mêd fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Keunst" title="Keunst">keunst</a> kaam oan 'e ein fan 'e njoggentjinde iuw de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glasgowske_Skoalle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glasgowske Skoalle (noch net skreaun)">Glasgowske Skoalle</a> ta bloei, dy't in Keltyske weroplibbing yn 'e moderne keunst kombinearre mei in beskate <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japanske</a> styl. Under it tiidrek fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Romantyk" title="Romantyk">Romantyk</a> waarden yn 'e <a href="/wiki/1820" title="1820">1820</a>-er jierren de kilt en it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tartan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tartan (noch net skreaun)">tartan</a> oannommen troch de Skotske elite. </p><p>Dat wie lykwols net folle mear as symboalpolityk, mei't deselde grûnbesitters yn 'e Heechlannen en op 'e Hebriden de saneamde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heechl%C3%A2nske_Frijmakkings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heechlânske Frijmakkings (noch net skreaun)">Heechlânske Frijmakkings</a> (<i>Highland Clearances</i>) trochfierden, wêrby't tsientûzenen lytse pachtboeren ûnmeilydsum fan 'e grûn ferdreaun waarden dy't harren famyljes faak al iuwenlang bewenne en bewurke hiene, inkeld en allinnich sadat dy omset wurde koe yn winstjaander weidlân foar skiep. It grutste part fan 'e ûnteigene en fan har lân ferdreaune clanleden hie gjin oare kar as om te <a href="/wiki/Emigraasje" class="mw-redirect" title="Emigraasje">emigrearjen</a>, om yn in nij lân op 'e nij te begjinnen. Tusken <a href="/wiki/1841" title="1841">1841</a> en <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a> ferfearen nei skatting 2 miljoen Skotten nei <a href="/wiki/Noard-Amearika" title="Noard-Amearika">Noard-Amearika</a> en <a href="/wiki/Austraalje_(l%C3%A2n)" title="Austraalje (lân)">Austraalje</a>, en nochris 750.000 nei Ingelân. Oan 'e oare kant wie der fan 'e 1820-er oant de <a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a>-er jierren oanhâldend sprake fan <a href="/wiki/Ymmigraasje" class="mw-redirect" title="Ymmigraasje">ymmigraasje</a> út Ierlân, troch lju dy't ôfkamen op it wurk op 'e skipswerven fan Glasgow. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Sir_Walter_Scott_-_Raeburn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sir_Walter_Scott_-_Raeburn.jpg/200px-Sir_Walter_Scott_-_Raeburn.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sir_Walter_Scott_-_Raeburn.jpg/300px-Sir_Walter_Scott_-_Raeburn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sir_Walter_Scott_-_Raeburn.jpg/400px-Sir_Walter_Scott_-_Raeburn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="646" /></a><figcaption>Sir <a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a> beävensearre mei syn <a href="/wiki/Romantyk" title="Romantyk">romantyske</a> <a href="/wiki/Literatuer" title="Literatuer">literatuer</a> in werwurdearring fan 'e Skotske <a href="/wiki/Kultuer" title="Kultuer">kultuer</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moderne_tiid">Moderne tiid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Dielside bewurkje: Moderne tiid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Moderne tiid"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Skotlân spile in wichtige rol yn 'e Britske oarlochsynset yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Earste_Wr%C3%A2ldoarloch" class="mw-redirect" title="Earste Wrâldoarloch">Earste Wrâldoarloch</a>. Behalven dat in grut part fan 'e Britske oarlochsskippen fan Skotske makkelei wie, waarden der mear as in heal miljoen soldaten nei it front ta stjoerd (op in befolking fan 4,8 miljoen minsken), wêrfan't goed 125.000 omkamen en likernôch 150.000 swier ferwûne weromkearden. Yn dyseldichste snuorje krige de <a href="/wiki/Sosjalisme" title="Sosjalisme">sosjalistyske</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Labourpartij_(Grut-Brittanje)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Labourpartij (Grut-Brittanje) (noch net skreaun)">Labourpartij</a> foar it earst fêste foet oan 'e grûn yn Skotlân, benammen ûnder de arbeiders fan Glasgow. </p><p>Yn it <a href="/wiki/Ynterbellum" title="Ynterbellum">Ynterbellum</a> waard it lân troffen troch <a href="/wiki/Ekonomy" title="Ekonomy">ekonomyske</a> stagnaasje, folge troch de <a href="/wiki/Grutte_Depresje" title="Grutte Depresje">Grutte Depresje</a>, mei as gefolch dat in protte fral jonge Skotten it heitelân ferliet, op 'e siik nei in better libben om utens. Iroanysk genôch wie it de <a href="/wiki/Twadde_Wr%C3%A2ldoarloch" class="mw-redirect" title="Twadde Wrâldoarloch">Twadde Wrâldoarloch</a> dy't Skotlân nije wolfeart trochdat der doe fannijs grutte fraach ûntstie nei oarlochsskippen en oar swier materieel. Nei <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> rekke Skotlân troch in ferâlderjende yndustry stadichoan ekonomysk wer yn 'e ûnderwâl. Benammen de skipsbousektor is sûnt alhiel opdoekt, mei slimme earmoede yn Glasgow ta gefolch. Underwilens ûntstie fan 'e santiger jierren ôf oan 'e oare kant fan it lân in nije yndustry mei as sintrum <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>, troch de <a href="/wiki/Ierdoalje" title="Ierdoalje">oaljeboarrings</a> yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Noardsee" title="Noardsee">Noardsee</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Royal_Scots_with_flag_01-1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Royal_Scots_with_flag_01-1945.jpg/220px-Royal_Scots_with_flag_01-1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Royal_Scots_with_flag_01-1945.jpg/330px-Royal_Scots_with_flag_01-1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Royal_Scots_with_flag_01-1945.jpg/440px-Royal_Scots_with_flag_01-1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="798" /></a><figcaption>Skotske militêren yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Twadde_Wr%C3%A2ldoarloch" class="mw-redirect" title="Twadde Wrâldoarloch">Twadde Wrâldoarloch</a> mei in bútmakke <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japanske</a> flagge.</figcaption></figure> <p>Nei de Twadde Wrâldoarloch stiek ek it Skotske <a href="/wiki/Nasjonalisme" title="Nasjonalisme">nasjonalisme</a> foar it earst de kop op, dat polityk fertsjintwurdige waard troch de <a href="/wiki/Skotske_Nasjonale_Partij" title="Skotske Nasjonale Partij">Skotske Nasjonale Partij</a> (SNP). Yn 't earstoan waarden de nasjonalisten, dy't de ûnôfhinklikheid fan Skotlân foarstiene, troch de fêstige politike oarder yn it Feriene Keninkryk útlake, mar nei ferkiezingsoerwinnings fan 'e SNP oan 'e ein fan 'e jierren sechstich en yn 'e earste helte fan 'e jierren santich, fergie harren tsjinstanners it laitsjen al gau. Hoewol't de nasjonalisten fan <a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a> ôf in soad stipe ferlearen, diene de ympopulêre en as anty-Skotsk ûnderfûne maatregels fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konservative_Partij_(Grut-Brittanje)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konservative Partij (Grut-Brittanje) (noch net skreaun)">Konservative</a> premier <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> yn 'e twadde helte fan 'e tachtiger jierren in protte om 'e eardere ferliezen fan 'e nasjonalisten goed te meitsjen. </p><p>De oanwaaksende rop om selsbestjoer late yn <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> ta it hâlden fan in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Referindum_oer_Skotsk_selsbestjoer_fan_1997&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Referindum oer Skotsk selsbestjoer fan 1997 (noch net skreaun)">referindum</a>, wêrby't de Skotske befolking yn oerweldigjende mjitte keas foar in eigen parlemint en in eigen autonoom regear. De earste ferkiezings foar it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotsk_Parlemint&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotsk Parlemint (noch net skreaun)">Skotske parlemint</a> waarden holden yn <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a>, en neitiid waard in koälysjeregear gearstald fan Labour en de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberaal-Demokraten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberaal-Demokraten (noch net skreaun)">Liberaal-Demokraten</a>, dat oant <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a> oan 'e macht bleau. Tsjin dy tiid wie de SNP sa groeid dat dy op eigen manneboet en mei stipe fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotske_Griene_Partij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotske Griene Partij (noch net skreaun)">Skotske Griene Partij</a> in minderheidsregear foarmje koe, en nei in nije ferkiezingsoerwinning yn <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> behellen de nasjonalisten sels in nipte mearderheid yn it Skotske parlemint. Dêrnei fielden se har sterkernôch om einlings in referindum oer ûnôfhinklikens út te skriuwen, mar doe't <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotske_%C3%BBn%C3%B4fhinklikheidsreferindum_fan_2014&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotske ûnôfhinklikheidsreferindum fan 2014 (noch net skreaun)">dat holden waard</a>, op <a href="/wiki/19_septimber" title="19 septimber">19 septimber</a> <a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a>, die bliken dat de Skotske befolking (noch) net ree wie om it lân fan 'e rest fan it Feriene Keninkryk los te meitsjen: de foarstanners ferlearen it fan 'e tsjinstanners mei 45% tsjin 55%. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Alex_Salmond,_First_Minister_of_Scotland.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Alex_Salmond%2C_First_Minister_of_Scotland.jpg/200px-Alex_Salmond%2C_First_Minister_of_Scotland.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Alex_Salmond%2C_First_Minister_of_Scotland.jpg/300px-Alex_Salmond%2C_First_Minister_of_Scotland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Alex_Salmond%2C_First_Minister_of_Scotland.jpg/400px-Alex_Salmond%2C_First_Minister_of_Scotland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1139" data-file-height="1075" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alex_Salmond" title="Alex Salmond">Alex Salmond</a>, de earste <a href="/wiki/SNP" class="mw-redirect" title="SNP">SNP</a>-premier fan Skotlân.</figcaption></figure> <p>Premier en SNP-lieder <a href="/wiki/Alex_Salmond" title="Alex Salmond">Alex Salmond</a> besleat dêrnei om ôf te treden, en waard opfolge troch fise-premier <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Nicola Sturgeon</a>. Mei't de Britske premier <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cameron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Cameron (noch net skreaun)">David Cameron</a> út namme fan it nee-kamp de deis foar de ferkiezings de Skotske befolking alderhanne ûnthjitten op it mêd fan mear jild en mear selsbestjoer die as men mar tsjin ûnôfhinklikheid stimme soe, en de deis nei de oerwinning fan 'e nee-kampanje tebekklaude, liket it derop dat in protte Skotten har bedragen fiele. Nei it referindum groeide de SNP dan ek fan minder as 26.000 leden oant mear as 115.000 leden yn <a href="/wiki/Maaie" title="Maaie">maaie</a> <a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015</a>, doe't der lanlike Britske ferkiezings holden waarden. Dêrby boekten de nasjonalisten in meunsteroerwinning troch 56 fan 'e 59 Skotske sitten yn it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Britske_Legerh%C3%BBs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Britske Legerhûs (noch net skreaun)">Britske Legerhûs</a> te winnen. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg/130px-Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg/195px-Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg/260px-Nicola_Sturgeon_election_infobox_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1925" data-file-height="2569" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Sturgeon" title="Nicola Sturgeon">Nicola Sturgeon</a>, de earste froulike premier fan Skotlân.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bestjoer">Bestjoer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Dielside bewurkje: Bestjoer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Bestjoer"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mei't Skotlân ûnderdiel útmakket fan it Feriene Keninkryk is it steatshaad fan Skotlân de <a href="/wiki/List_fan_keningen_fan_Grut-Brittanje" title="List fan keningen fan Grut-Brittanje">Britske monarch</a>, en dat is sûnt <a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a> keninginne <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II_fan_it_Feriene_Keninkryk" title="Elizabeth II fan it Feriene Keninkryk">Elizabeth II</a>. Doe't dyselde op 'e troan kaam ûntstie der yn Skotlân rebûlje oer it feit dat hja harsels net inkeld yn Ingelân, mar ek yn Skotlân Elizabeth II neamde, mei't der nea in Skotske keninginne Elizabeth I west hie. Yn 'e rjochtsaak dy't dêroer fierd waard, stelde de rjochterlike macht lykwols de Kroan yn it gelyk, en dêrby waard fêstlein dat tenei altyd de heechste nûmering oanholden wurde sil. Dus as der yn 'e takomst nochris in kening Jakobus (James) op 'e Britske troan komt, dan sil dy Jakobus VIII neamd wurde, ek al hat Ingelân mar twa Jakobussen as kening hân. De Britske troanopfolger, dy't yn Ingelân de titel "prins fan Wales" draacht, wurdt yn Skotlân de "hartoch fan Rothesay" neamd. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:The_main_chamber,_the_Scottish_Parliament_-_geograph.org.uk_-_400523.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/The_main_chamber%2C_the_Scottish_Parliament_-_geograph.org.uk_-_400523.jpg/250px-The_main_chamber%2C_the_Scottish_Parliament_-_geograph.org.uk_-_400523.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/The_main_chamber%2C_the_Scottish_Parliament_-_geograph.org.uk_-_400523.jpg/375px-The_main_chamber%2C_the_Scottish_Parliament_-_geograph.org.uk_-_400523.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/The_main_chamber%2C_the_Scottish_Parliament_-_geograph.org.uk_-_400523.jpg/500px-The_main_chamber%2C_the_Scottish_Parliament_-_geograph.org.uk_-_400523.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>De gearkomstseal fan it Skotske Parlemint te Holyrood.</figcaption></figure> <p>Skotlân is in "dielútmeitsjend lân" (<i>constituent country</i>) fan it <a href="/wiki/Feriene_Keninkryk" title="Feriene Keninkryk">Feriene Keninkryk</a>, krekt as <a href="/wiki/Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Ingelân">Ingelân</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> en <a href="/wiki/Noard-Ierl%C3%A2n" title="Noard-Ierlân">Noard-Ierlân</a>. Oan dy oantsjutting is gjin politike status ferbûn (mei't Ingelân bgl. hielendal gjin selsbestjoer hat). Skotlân beskikt sûnt <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a>, nei't de Skotske befolking dêr twa jier earder by in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Referindum_oer_Skotsk_selsbestjoer_fan_1997&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Referindum oer Skotsk selsbestjoer fan 1997 (noch net skreaun)">referindum</a> ta besletten hiene, wól oer in foarm fan selsbestjoer, sij it in beheinden-ien. It hat in eigen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotsk_Parlemint&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotsk Parlemint (noch net skreaun)">Skotsk Parlemint</a>, dat fêstige is yn 'e Edinburchske wyk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Holyrood_(Edinburch)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holyrood (Edinburch) (noch net skreaun)">Holyrood</a>, en dêrom ek wol mei dy namme oantsjut wurdt. Dit parlemint bestiet út ien keamer en is opmakke út 129 leden, wêrfan't 73 in beskaat <a href="/wiki/Kiesdistrikt" title="Kiesdistrikt">kiesdistrikt</a> fertsjintwurdigje, wylst de oare 56 yn acht ferskillende regio's keazen wurde op grûn fan it kiesstelsel fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proporsjonele_represintaasje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proporsjonele represintaasje (noch net skreaun)">proporsjonele represintaasje</a> (sa't bgl. <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a> hat). Ien fan 'e leden fan it parlemint wurdt op foardracht fan datselde parlemint troch de Britske monarch beneamd ta premier fan Skotlân, en kin dan sels oare parlemintsleden ta ministers yn syn regear beneame. </p><p>It Skotske parlemint en regear hawwe sizzenskip oer in soad saken, wêrûnder it <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Bnderwiis" class="mw-redirect" title="Ûnderwiis">ûnderwiis</a>, de <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BBnenssoarch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sûnenssoarch (noch net skreaun)">sûnenssoarch</a> en beskate juridyske kwestjes. Sa kin it dat it <a href="/wiki/Heger_%C3%BBnderwiis" class="mw-redirect" title="Heger ûnderwiis">heger ûnderwiis</a> en syktekosten foar de âlderein yn Skotlân no fergees binne, wylst dy saken yn 'e rest fan Grut-Brittanje almar djoerder wurde. Fierders wie Skotlân it earste diel fan it Feriene Keninkryk dêr't it ferbean waard om yn iepenbiere gelegenheden te smoken, en sette it ek as earste lânsdiel de legalisaasje fan it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homohoulik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homohoulik (noch net skreaun)">homohoulik</a> yn gong (hoewol't it op dat mêd letter ynhelle waard troch Ingelân en Wales). It Skotske parlemint hat ek it rjocht om in beskate mjitte fan belestings yn Skotlân te heffen. Mar definsje, bûtenlânsk belied, de sosjale útkearings en it meastepart fan 'e belestingheffing is noch altyd stevich yn 'e hannen fan it lanlike Britske parlemint en regear. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Bute_House,_Charlotte_Square_Edinburgh.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Bute_House%2C_Charlotte_Square_Edinburgh.JPG/250px-Bute_House%2C_Charlotte_Square_Edinburgh.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Bute_House%2C_Charlotte_Square_Edinburgh.JPG/375px-Bute_House%2C_Charlotte_Square_Edinburgh.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Bute_House%2C_Charlotte_Square_Edinburgh.JPG/500px-Bute_House%2C_Charlotte_Square_Edinburgh.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3948" data-file-height="2248" /></a><figcaption><i>Bute House</i>, de offisjele residinsje fan 'e premier fan Skotlân.</figcaption></figure> <p>Skotlân telt sân offisjele stêden: <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edinburch" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburch">Edinburch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inverness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inverness (noch net skreaun)">Inverness</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stirling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stirling (noch net skreaun)">Stirling</a> en <a href="/wiki/Perth_(Skotl%C3%A2n)" title="Perth (Skotlân)">Perth</a>. It lân is lid fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Britsk-Ierske_Ried&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Britsk-Ierske Ried (noch net skreaun)">Britsk-Ierske Ried</a> en fan 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Britsk-Ierske_Parlemint%C3%AAre_Assimblee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Britsk-Ierske Parlemintêre Assimblee (noch net skreaun)">Britsk-Ierske Parlemintêre Assimblee</a>. Der binne 59 Skotske kiesdistrikten fertsjintwurdige yn it Britske Legerhûs (fan yn totaal 750); en Skotlân hat seis sitten yn it <a href="/wiki/Jeropeesk_Parlemint" title="Jeropeesk Parlemint">Jeropeesk Parlemint</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomy">Ekonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Dielside bewurkje: Ekonomy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Ekonomy"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hoewol't de <a href="/wiki/Skipsbou" title="Skipsbou">skipsbou</a>, de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stienkoal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stienkoal (noch net skreaun)">koaleminen</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Stiel" title="Stiel">stielyndustry</a>, sektors dy't ienris fan krúsjaal belang wiene foar de Skotske <a href="/wiki/Ekonomy" title="Ekonomy">ekonomy</a>, nei de <a href="/wiki/Twadde_Wr%C3%A2ldoarloch" class="mw-redirect" title="Twadde Wrâldoarloch">Twadde Wrâldoarloch</a> alhiel yn it ûnleech rekken troch ynternasjonale konkurrinsje, ferâldere en yneffisjinte masinery en deilisskip tusken wurkjouwers en wurknimmers, is Skotlân sûnt de tachtiger jierren wer by de wâl opklaud. Ien fan 'e wichtichste pylders fan 'e Skotske ekonomy is no de <a href="/wiki/Ierdoalje" title="Ierdoalje">oalje</a>- en <a href="/wiki/Ierdgas" title="Ierdgas">gasyndustry</a> mei syn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boarplatfoarms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boarplatfoarms (noch net skreaun)">boarplatfoarms</a> yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Noardsee" title="Noardsee">Noardsee</a>, dy't ûnderstipe wurdt troch in útwreide ynfrastruktuer fan oaljeraffinaderijen en oanleveringsbedriuwen fan spesjalisearre ark en reau op it Skotske fêstelân, benammen yn 'e krite om <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a> hinne. As Skotlân ûnôfhinklik wêze soe, dan soene 95% fan 'e Britske oalje- en gasfoarrieden binnen de Skotske grinzen lizze. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg/250px-Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg/375px-Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg/500px-Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>In <a href="/wiki/Boarplatfoarm" title="Boarplatfoarm">boarplatfoarm</a> yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Noardsee" title="Noardsee">Noardsee</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Troch de frij algemiene deyndustrialisaasje fan Skotlân is fierders de úttynjende <a href="/wiki/Tsjinstesektor" title="Tsjinstesektor">tsjinstesektor</a> fan grut belang, wêrfan't it <a href="/wiki/Bankw%C3%AAzen" class="mw-redirect" title="Bankwêzen">bank</a>- en <a href="/wiki/Fersekering" title="Fersekering">fersekeringswêzen</a> it wichtichste plak ynnimt, mei in stikmannich grutte bedriuwen dy't harren haadkertier yn <a href="/wiki/Edinburch" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburch">Edinburch</a> hawwe, lykas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lloyds_Banking_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lloyds Banking Group (noch net skreaun)">Lloyds Banking Group</a>, de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Bank_of_Scotland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Bank of Scotland (noch net skreaun)">Royal Bank of Scotland</a>, de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bank_of_Scotland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bank of Scotland (noch net skreaun)">Bank of Scotland</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_Life&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard Life (noch net skreaun)">Standard Life</a>. De Skotske haadstêd besette yn <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a> noch it fyftjinde plak op 'e list mei de grutste finansjele sintra fan 'e wrâld, hoewol't it sûnt dy tiid in stik sakke is. Ek wichtich foar de Skotske ekonomy is de produksje fan <a href="/wiki/Elektroanika" title="Elektroanika">elektroanika</a>, dy't konsintrearre is yn en om <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a> hinne – in krite dy't dêrom nei analogy fan it <a href="/wiki/Feriene_Steaten" title="Feriene Steaten">Amerikaanske</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a></i> wol de <i>Silicon Glen</i> neamd wurdt. </p><p>De <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A2nbou" title="Lânbou">lânbou</a> en <a href="/wiki/Fiskerij" title="Fiskerij">fiskerij</a>, dat ienris ek tige wichtige sektors wiene foar de Skotske ekonomy, binne geandewei de tweintichste iuw alhiel marginalisearre rekke. Oan 'e oare kant is it <a href="/wiki/Toerisme" title="Toerisme">toerisme</a> noch altyd groeiende, en datoangeande hat Skotlân hiel wat te bieden, mei syn natoerskientme, syn libbene kultuer en syn fassinearjende skiednis. Ien fan 'e grutste trekpleisters wurdt noch altyd foarme troch de troebele wetters fan it mysterieuze <a href="/wiki/Loch_Ness" title="Loch Ness">Loch Ness</a>, dêr't wierskynlik net (of dochs al?) in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meunster_fan_Loch_Ness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meunster fan Loch Ness (noch net skreaun)">meunster</a> yn huzet. Om alle toeristen, sakelju, oaljelju en oaren tagong ta it lân te ferskaffen, beskikt Skotlân njonken ferskate <a href="/wiki/Fear_(iepenbier_ferfier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fear (iepenbier ferfier)">feartsjinsten</a> dy't reguliere ferbinings ûnderhâlde mei Noarwegen, Ierlân en Nederlân, oer fiif grutte ynternasjonale <a href="/wiki/Lofthaven" title="Lofthaven">lofthavens</a>, te <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edinburch" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburch">Edinburch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prestwick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prestwick (noch net skreaun)">Prestwick</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inverness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inverness (noch net skreaun)">Inverness</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:LochNessUrquhart.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/LochNessUrquhart.jpg/270px-LochNessUrquhart.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/LochNessUrquhart.jpg/405px-LochNessUrquhart.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/LochNessUrquhart.jpg/540px-LochNessUrquhart.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="663" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Loch_Ness" title="Loch Ness">Loch Ness</a>, mei op de foargrûn it Kastiel Urquhart.</figcaption></figure> <p>De wichtichste <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eksport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eksport (noch net skreaun)">eksportprodukten</a> fan Skotlân (ynkl. hannel mei oare dielen fan it Feriene Keninkryk) binne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wisky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wisky (noch net skreaun)">wisky</a>, elektroanika en finansjele tsjinsten. Yn totaal hie de Skotske eksport yn <a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a> in wearde fan <a href="/wiki/Britsk_p%C3%BBn" class="mw-redirect" title="Britsk pûn">£</a>26 miljard. De wichtichste net-Britske hannelspartners fan Skotlân binne <a href="/wiki/Ierl%C3%A2n" title="Ierlân">Ierlân</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Feriene_Steaten" title="Feriene Steaten">Feriene Steaten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsl%C3%A2n" title="Dútslân">Dútslân</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Frankryk</a> en <a href="/wiki/Noarwegen" title="Noarwegen">Noarwegen</a>. Yn <a href="/wiki/Oktober" title="Oktober">oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a> hie Skotlân in wurkleazens fan 5,5%, wylst it Feriene Keninkryk as gehiel in wurkleazens fan 6,0% hie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faluta">Faluta</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Dielside bewurkje: Faluta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Faluta"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Skotlân hat deselde <a href="/wiki/Muntienheid" title="Muntienheid">muntienheid</a> as de rest fan it Feriene Keninkryk, te witten: it <a href="/wiki/Britske_p%C3%BBn" class="mw-redirect" title="Britske pûn">Britske pûn</a>. Lykwols, op it mêd fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Papierjild&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Papierjild (noch net skreaun)">papierjild</a> jout it fia in trijetal banken (de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bank_of_Scotland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bank of Scotland (noch net skreaun)">Bank of Scotland</a>, de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Bank_of_Scotland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Bank of Scotland (noch net skreaun)">Royal Bank of Scotland</a> en de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clydesdale_Bank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clydesdale Bank (noch net skreaun)">Clydesdale Bank</a>) noch altyd eigen biljetten út. It Skotske papierjild kin eins net foar in eigen faluta oanmurken wurde (allinnich al om't Skotlân gjin eigen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muntjild&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muntjild (noch net skreaun)">muntjild</a> hat), en is earder in regionale foarm fan it Britske pûn. De Skotske biljetten binne likefolle wurdich as Britske biljetten fan deselde denominaasje, en binne net inkeld yn Skotlân, mar yn it hiele Feriene Keninkryk jildich, krekt sa't it Britske pûn ek yn Skotlân jildich is. Ien ynteressant detail is noch dat der fan it Britske pûn biljetten fan £5, £10, £20 en £50 binne, wylst it "Skotske pûn" ek in briefke fan £1 hat. Yn <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a> wiene der foar £3,8 miljard oan Skotske bankbiljetten yn omrin, wêrfan't de wearde garandearre is troch de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bank_of_England&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bank of England (noch net skreaun)">Bank of England</a>, de Britske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steatsbank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steatsbank (noch net skreaun)">steatsbank</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Edinburgh_Airport_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Edinburgh_Airport_1.jpg/250px-Edinburgh_Airport_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Edinburgh_Airport_1.jpg/375px-Edinburgh_Airport_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Edinburgh_Airport_1.jpg/500px-Edinburgh_Airport_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2551" /></a><figcaption>Edinburgh Airport, ien fan 'e drokste <a href="/wiki/Lofthaven" title="Lofthaven">lofthavens</a> fan Skotlân.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografy">Demografy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Dielside bewurkje: Demografy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Demografy"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Algemien">Algemien</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Dielside bewurkje: Algemien" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Algemien"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Neffens de folkstelling fan <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> hie Skotlân doe 5.313.600 ynwenners, mei in <a href="/wiki/Befolkingstichtens" title="Befolkingstichtens">befolkingstichtens</a> dy't 67,5 minsken de km² bedroech. Neffens in skatting út <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a> wie de befolking doe oanwoeksen ta 5.327.700 minsken. Dêrfan wenje fierwei de measten yn 'e saneamde Sintrale Gurdle, in brede bân dy't yn it leechlân dwers troch Skotlân rint, fan <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, oan 'e westkust, nei <a href="/wiki/Edinburch" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburch">Edinburch</a>, oan 'e eastkust. Hoewol't Edinburch de haadstêd fan it lân is, is Glasgow fierwei de grutste stêd, mei mear as 584.000 ynwenners. As alle foarstêden meirekkene wurde komt de agglomeraasje Grut-Glasgow sels út op 1,2 miljoen ynwenners. Oare wichtige stêden yn 'e Sintrale Gurdle binne <a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a> en <a href="/wiki/Perth_(Skotl%C3%A2n)" title="Perth (Skotlân)">Perth</a>. De grutste stêd dy't bûten dat gebiet falt, is <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>. De <a href="/wiki/Skotske_Heechlannen" title="Skotske Heechlannen">Heechlannen</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Hebriden" title="Hebriden">Hebriden</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Orkney-eilannen" title="Orkney-eilannen">Orkney</a>- en <a href="/wiki/Sjetl%C3%A2neilannen" title="Sjetlâneilannen">Sjetlâneilannen</a> binne mar tige tinbefolke, en ek it <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAdskotsk_Berchl%C3%A2n" title="Súdskotsk Berchlân">Súdskotsk Berchlân</a> is winliken in plattelânsgebiet, dat dominearre wurdt troch lânbou en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boskbou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boskbou (noch net skreaun)">boskbou</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Glasgow_Skyline,_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Glasgow_Skyline%2C_2012.jpg/350px-Glasgow_Skyline%2C_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Glasgow_Skyline%2C_2012.jpg/525px-Glasgow_Skyline%2C_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Glasgow_Skyline%2C_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="294" /></a><figcaption>De <i><a href="/wiki/Skyline" class="mw-redirect" title="Skyline">skyline</a></i> fan <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etnisiteit">Etnisiteit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Dielside bewurkje: Etnisiteit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Etnisiteit"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Op it mêd fan <a href="/wiki/Etnisiteit" class="mw-redirect" title="Etnisiteit">etnisiteit</a> joech by de folkstelling fan <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> 62% fan 'e befolking op "inkeld Skotsk" te wêzen, wylst 18% himsels seach as "Skotsk en Britsk" en 8% as "inkeld Britsk". Ek wie der 4% dy't in oare nasjonaliteit opjoech. Fan dy oaren hearden de measten ta de lju út it eardere <a href="/wiki/Britsk-Ynje" title="Britsk-Ynje">Britsk-Ynje</a> dy't har sûnt de <a href="/wiki/Twadde_Wr%C3%A2ldoarloch" class="mw-redirect" title="Twadde Wrâldoarloch">Twadde Wrâldoarloch</a> yn Skotlân nei wenjen set hawwe. Dizze Aziaten, sa't se yn Grut-Brittanje yn 'e regel neamd wurde, binne yn Skotlân fral konsintrearre yn Glasgow, hoewol't Edinburch en Dundee ek oansjenlike Aziatyske mienskippen hawwe. Yn 2011 waard de grutste allochtoane minderheid yn Skotlân foarme troch de likernôch 49.000 <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistanen</a>, folge troch krapoan 33.000 <a href="/wiki/Yndia" title="Yndia">Ynjers</a> en hast 4.000 <a href="/wiki/Banglades" class="mw-redirect" title="Banglades">Bingalezen</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Scots_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Scots_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png/180px-Scots_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Scots_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png/270px-Scots_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Scots_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png/360px-Scots_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png 2x" data-file-width="9970" data-file-height="14790" /></a><figcaption>De fersprieding fan <a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsktaligen</a> neffens gegevens fan 'e folkstelling fan <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ek hat it lân in <a href="/wiki/Sina" title="Sina">Sineeske</a> mienskip fan likernôch 34.000 minsken en dêropta noch sa'n 30.000 <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrikanen</a>, 10.000 <a href="/wiki/Arabieren" title="Arabieren">Arabieren</a> en 6.500 <a href="/wiki/Karibysk_Gebiet" title="Karibysk Gebiet">Karibiërs</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jeropa" title="Jeropa">Jeropeeske</a> minderheden binne der ek, wêrûnder <a href="/wiki/Ingelsen" title="Ingelsen">Ingelsen</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Welsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Welsen (noch net skreaun)">Welsen</a> (mei-inoar 417.000), <a href="/wiki/Ieren_(folk)" title="Ieren (folk)">Ieren</a> (54.000) en fan oarsprong <a href="/wiki/Nomade" title="Nomade">nomadyske</a> groepen, lykas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotske_Reizgers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotske Reizgers (noch net skreaun)">Skotske</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ierske_Reizgers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ierske Reizgers (noch net skreaun)">Ierske Reizgers</a> en <a href="/wiki/Roma_(folk)" title="Roma (folk)">Roma</a> (mei-inoar 4.200). Under de frijheid fan reizgjen binnen de <a href="/wiki/Jeropeeske_Uny" title="Jeropeeske Uny">Jeropeeske Uny</a> binne der ek in protte lju út <a href="/wiki/East-Jeropa" title="East-Jeropa">East-Jeropa</a> nei Grut-Brittanje kommen, en fan dy groepen wiene yn 2011 yn Skotlân de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poalen_(folk)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poalen (folk) (noch net skreaun)">Poalen</a> it talrykst, mei sa'n 61.000 minsken. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taal">Taal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Dielside bewurkje: Taal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Taal"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De oarspronklike <a href="/wiki/Taal" title="Taal">taal</a> fan it leechlân, it Súdskotsk Berchlân en de Skotske eastkust oant benoarden <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a> is it <a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a>, in nau oan it Ingelsk besibbe <a href="/wiki/Westgermaanske_talen" title="Westgermaanske talen">Westgermaanske taal</a>, dy't foarhinne ek wol as in Ingelsk <a href="/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt">dialekt</a> beskôge waard, mar sûnt <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> yn <a href="/wiki/Grut-Brittanje" class="mw-redirect" title="Grut-Brittanje">Grut-Brittanje</a> erkenning genietet as in selsstannige taal. Hoewol't by de Skotske folkstelling fan <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> troch 1.540.000 minsken (oftewol 30,0% fan 'e befolking) opjûn waard dat men Skotsk sprekke koe, wie it mar foar 125.000 minsken (2,4%) de <a href="/wiki/Memmetaal" title="Memmetaal">memmetaal</a>. </p><p>Op 'e Orkney- en Sjetlâneilannen waard oarspronklik in lânseigen, út it <a href="/wiki/Noarsk" title="Noarsk">Noarsk</a> ûntstiene <a href="/wiki/Noardgermaanske_talen" title="Noardgermaanske talen">Noardgermaanske taal</a> sprutsen, it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norn (noch net skreaun)">Norn</a>. De lêste sprekker dêrfan stoar lykwols yn <a href="/wiki/1850" title="1850">1850</a>, en sûnt hearre de beide arsjipels ta it taalgebiet fan it Skotsk, al is it dialekt dat dêr sprutsen wurdt, it saneamde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eil%C3%A2nskotsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eilânskotsk (noch net skreaun)">Eilânskotsk</a>, min te ferstean foar Skotsksprekkers fan it fêstelân. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png/180px-Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png/270px-Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png/360px-Scots_Gaelic_speakers_in_the_2011_census.png 2x" data-file-width="9969" data-file-height="14790" /></a><figcaption>De fersprieding fan <a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Gaelysk" title="Skotsk-Gaelysk">Skotsk-Gaelysktaligen</a> neffens gegevens fan 'e folkstelling fan <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Yn 'e Noardwestlike Heechlannen en op 'e Hebriden is de lânseigen taal it <a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Gaelysk" title="Skotsk-Gaelysk">Skotsk-Gaelysk</a>, dat ta de <a href="/wiki/Keltyske_talen" title="Keltyske talen">Keltyske taalgroep</a> heart. Oars as dat faak tocht wurdt, hat it Skotsk-Gaelysk nea de taal fan hiel Skotlân west, en hjoed de dei is it foar de oergrutte mearderheid fan 'e Skotten ûnfersteanber, mei't it al sûnt de <a href="/wiki/Lette_Midsiuwen" class="mw-redirect" title="Lette Midsiuwen">Lette Midsiuwen</a> stadichoan terrein priisjaan moat. Neffens de folkstelling fan <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> binne der sa'n 87.000 lju (1,6%) dy't Skotsk-Gaelysk sprekke kinne, mei dêrûnder sa'n 57.000 memmetaalsprekkers (1,1%). </p><p>Yn Skotlân wurde sawol it Skotsk as it Skotsk-Gaelysk erkend as <a href="/wiki/Minderheidstaal" title="Minderheidstaal">minderheidstaal</a> en yn <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> binne se allebeide troch it Britske regear as sadanich opjûn foar it <a href="/wiki/Jeropeesk_H%C3%A2nf%C3%AAst_foar_Regionale_of_Minderheidstalen" title="Jeropeesk Hânfêst foar Regionale of Minderheidstalen">Jeropeesk Hânfêst foar Regionale of Minderheidstalen</a>. Under de Wet op 'e Skotsk-Gaelyske Taal, fan <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>, hat de <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B2rd_na_G%C3%A0idhlig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bòrd na Gàidhlig (noch net skreaun)">Bòrd na Gàidhlig</a></i> ("Skotsk-Gaelyske Taalried") de opdracht krigen om "derop ta te sjen dat it Skotsk-Gaelysk him ûntjout ta in offisjele taal fan Skotlân, dy't likefolle respekt kriget as it Ingelsk." Yn kontrast dêrmei wurd it Skotsk inkeld erkend as in "tradisjonele taal". </p><p>Yn alle gefallen is it <a href="/wiki/Ingelsk" title="Ingelsk">Ingelsk</a> op dit stuit noch altyd de iennichste offisjele taal fan Skotlân, dy't troch de grutte mearderheid fan 'e befolking as memmetaal sprutsen wurdt. Eins is it Ingelsk in útlânsk ynslûpsel dat sûnt likernôch <a href="/wiki/1600" title="1600">1600</a> in noch altyd net tsjinkearde opmars yn Skotlân makket. It meast sprutsen dialekt fan it Ingelsk yn Skotlân is it saneamde <a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Ingelsk" title="Skotsk-Ingelsk">Skotsk-Ingelsk</a> (dat net betize wurde moat mei it Skotsk), en dat him benammen fan it Standertingelsk ûnderskiedt troch in rôljende r, in tige tsjûke l en in protte regionale wurden en wurdfoarmen dy't faak ûntliend binne oan it Skotsk en minder faak oan it Skotsk-Gaelysk. Yn 'e Heechlannen, dêr't it Ingelsk it Skotsk-Gaelysk almar fierder tebek twingt, wurdt fierders it <a href="/wiki/Heechl%C3%A2nsk-Ingelsk" title="Heechlânsk-Ingelsk">Heechlânsk-Ingelsk</a> sprutsen, dat minder ynfloed fan it Skotsk en mear fan it Skotsk-Gaelysk fertoant. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Skyline_of_Aberdeen,_Scotland,_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Skyline_of_Aberdeen%2C_Scotland%2C_2010.jpg/250px-Skyline_of_Aberdeen%2C_Scotland%2C_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Skyline_of_Aberdeen%2C_Scotland%2C_2010.jpg/375px-Skyline_of_Aberdeen%2C_Scotland%2C_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Skyline_of_Aberdeen%2C_Scotland%2C_2010.jpg/500px-Skyline_of_Aberdeen%2C_Scotland%2C_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>De haven fan <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Godstsjinst">Godstsjinst</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Dielside bewurkje: Godstsjinst" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Godstsjinst"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Neffens gegevens fan 'e folkstelling fan <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> bestiet 54% fan 'e Skotske befolking út <a href="/wiki/Kristendom" title="Kristendom">kristenen</a>, wylst <a href="/wiki/Ate%C3%AFsme" title="Ateïsme">ateïsten</a> en <a href="/wiki/Agnostisisme" title="Agnostisisme">agnosten</a> krapoan 37% fan 'e befolking útmeitsje. Sûnt de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotske_Reformaasje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotske Reformaasje (noch net skreaun)">Skotske Reformaasje</a> fan <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a> is de <a href="/wiki/Presbyterianisme" title="Presbyterianisme">presbyteriaanske</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsjerke_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsjerke fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Tsjerke fan Skotlân</a>, dy't bekendstiet as de <i>Kirk</i> (Skotsk foar "tsjerke"), de steatstsjerke fan it lân. Yn <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> wie likernôch 12% fan 'e Skotske befolking (638.000 minsken) lid fan 'e <i>Kirk</i>, wylst nochris 40% gjin lid wie, mar him der wol mei ferbûn fielde. </p><p>De oare grutte kristlike denominaasje fan Skotlân is de <a href="/wiki/Roomsk-Katolike_Tsjerke" title="Roomsk-Katolike Tsjerke">Roomsk-Katolike Tsjerke</a>, mei 19% fan 'e befolking oftewol sa'n 975.000 minsken, fral konsintrearre yn it westen fan it lân. Nei de Reformaasje bleau in diel fan 'e Heechlannen nammentlik roomsk, en guon fan 'e Hebriden, wêrûnder <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uist (noch net skreaun)">Uist</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barra (noch net skreaun)">Barra</a>, ek. Boppedat waard de Roomsk-Katolike Tsjerke dêre, mar fral ek yn Glasgow, yn <a href="/wiki/Njoggentjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Njoggentjinde iuw">njoggentjinde iuw</a> fuortsterke troch ymmigraasje út Ierlân wei. Fan 'e oare kristlike groepearrings yn Skotlân moat fral de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frije_Tsjerke_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frije Tsjerke fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Frije Tsjerke fan Skotlân</a> (ek wol bekend as de <i>Wee Frees</i>, de "Lytse Frijen") neamd wurde, in swiere kalvinistyske tsjerke dy't him yn <a href="/wiki/1843" title="1843">1843</a> fan 'e <i>Kirk</i> ôfspjalte. In soartgelikense denominaasje wurdt foarme troch de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frije_Presbyteriaanske_Tsjerke_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frije Presbyteriaanske Tsjerke fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">Frije Presbyteriaanske Tsjerke fan Skotlân</a>, in sels noch swierdere tsjerke dy't him yn <a href="/wiki/1893" title="1893">1893</a> ôfskate fan 'e <i>Wee Frees</i>. De oanhing fan dizze beide "frije" tsjerken is benammen konsintrearre op 'e <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BBtenste_Hebriden" title="Bûtenste Hebriden">Bûtenste Hebriden</a>, wat it foar <a href="/wiki/Toerisme" title="Toerisme">toeristen</a> ferfelende gefolch hat dat se (as se net goed fan 'e sitewaasje op 'e hichte binne) dêr sneins in dei fêst komme kinne te sitten om't de <a href="/wiki/Fearboat" class="mw-redirect" title="Fearboat">fearboaten</a> op 'e "dei fan God" net farre meie. Njonken ferskate oare miniskule presbyteriaanske splintertsjerkjes is der dan fierders noch de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotske_Episkopaalske_Tsjerke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skotske Episkopaalske Tsjerke (noch net skreaun)">Skotske Episkopaalske Tsjerke</a>, de Skotske ôfdieling fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Anglikaanske_Tsjerke" title="Anglikaanske Tsjerke">Anglikaanske Tsjerke</a>, dy't sa'n 35.000 leden hat. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Iona_Abbey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Iona_Abbey.jpg/200px-Iona_Abbey.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Iona_Abbey.jpg/300px-Iona_Abbey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Iona_Abbey.jpg/400px-Iona_Abbey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="579" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>De Abdij fan Iona, dêr't it <a href="/wiki/Kristendom" title="Kristendom">kristendom</a> wei ferspraat waard oer hiel Skotlân.</figcaption></figure> <p>Fan 'e net-kristlike <a href="/wiki/Religy" title="Religy">religyen</a> is de <a href="/wiki/Islaam" class="mw-redirect" title="Islaam">islaam</a> tsjintwurdich it grutst, mei sa'n 40.000 oanhingers (minder as 0,9% fan 'e befolking). Der binne ek oansjenlike <a href="/wiki/Joadendom" class="mw-redirect" title="Joadendom">joadske</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme">hindoeïstyske</a> en <a href="/wiki/Sikhisme" title="Sikhisme">sikh</a>-mienskippen, benammen yn <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>. De likernôch 7.000 oanhingers fan it <a href="/wiki/Moderne_heidendom" class="mw-redirect" title="Moderne heidendom">moderne heidendom</a> binne mear oer it lân ferspraat. Fierders is it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samy%C3%A9_Ling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samyé Ling (noch net skreaun)">Samyé Ling</a>-kleaster, by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eskdalemuir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eskdalemuir (noch net skreaun)">Eskdalemuir</a>, dat yn <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a> fjirtich jier bestie, it âldste <a href="/wiki/Boedisme" title="Boedisme">boedistyske</a> <a href="/wiki/Kleaster" title="Kleaster">kleaster</a> fan <a href="/wiki/West-Jeropa" title="West-Jeropa">West-Jeropa</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kultuer">Kultuer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Dielside bewurkje: Kultuer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Kultuer"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wa't oan Skotlân tinkt, sil al gau de <a href="/wiki/Kilt" title="Kilt">kilt</a> yn 't sin komme, de Skotske manljusrok, dy't makke is fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tartan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tartan (noch net skreaun)">tartan</a>, de ferneamde weve <a href="/wiki/Wol_(stof)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wol (stof)">wollene</a> stof yn rútsjepatroan. Oan dat patroan kin de kenner daliks weromsjen ta hokker <a href="/wiki/Skotske_clans" title="Skotske clans">clan</a> oft de drager heart. De kilt wurdt û.m. noch droegen troch de dielnimmers oan 'e saneamde <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highland_games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Highland games (noch net skreaun)">Highland games</a></i>, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kr%C3%AAftsport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krêftsport (noch net skreaun)">krêftsport</a> wêrby't men û.m. mei beamstammen smite en grutte stiennen tille moat. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Royal_Banner_of_Scotland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Royal_Banner_of_Scotland.svg/200px-Royal_Banner_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Royal_Banner_of_Scotland.svg/300px-Royal_Banner_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Royal_Banner_of_Scotland.svg/400px-Royal_Banner_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>De wapenbanier fan Skotlân.</figcaption></figure> <p>In symboal fan 'e Skotske identiteit dat men yn Skotlân oeral tsjinkomt, is it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skeankr%C3%BAs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skeankrús (noch net skreaun)">skeankrús</a> fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Apostel" title="Apostel">apostel</a> <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9as_(apostel)" title="Andréas (apostel)">Andréas</a> (<i>Saint Andrew</i>), de beskermhillige fan it lân. It stiet ek op 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flagge_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flagge fan Skotlân (noch net skreaun)">flagge fan Skotlân</a>, dy't bestiet út in blau fjild mei wyt skeankrús. As alternative flagge wurdt trouwens ek gauris de Skotske <a href="/wiki/Wapenbanier" class="mw-redirect" title="Wapenbanier">wapenbanier</a> brûkt, dy't bestiet út in giel fjild mei in klimmende reade liuw en in dûbele reade binnenseame fersierd mei reade leeljes. It fieren fan 'e wapenbanier, dy't ûntliend is oan it <a href="/wiki/Heraldyk" title="Heraldyk">wapen</a> fan Skotlân, is feitliks by wet inkeld tastien foar it keningshûs en net foar de befolking, mar dêr litte de Skotten har neat oan gelegen lizze. Noch wer in oar Skotsk symboal is de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stikel_(plant)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stikel (plant) (noch net skreaun)">stikel</a> (<i>thistle</i>) de nasjonale <a href="/wiki/Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant">plant</a> fan Skotlân. It folle minder bekende nasjonale bist fan Skotlân is de <a href="/wiki/Ienhoarn" title="Ienhoarn">ienhoarn</a>. </p><p>Tige wichtich foar de Skotske kultuer is ek de lânseigen <a href="/wiki/Muzyk" title="Muzyk">muzyk</a>, dy't tradisjoneel makke wurdt op 'e bekende <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doedelsek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doedelsek (noch net skreaun)">doedelsek</a>, mar ek op 'e <a href="/wiki/Harpe" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpe">harpe</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Tromme" title="Tromme">tromme</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Fidel" title="Fidel">fidel</a> en de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akkorde%C3%B6n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akkordeön (noch net skreaun)">akkordeön</a>. It ûnoffisjele Skotske <a href="/wiki/Folksliet" title="Folksliet">folksliet</a> is <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flower_of_Scotland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flower of Scotland (noch net skreaun)">Flower of Scotland</a></i>, dat faak spile wurdt foarôfgeande oan <a href="/wiki/Sport" title="Sport">sportwedstriden</a> en by oare spesjale gelegenheden. In oar wichtich en tige ferneamd Skotsk liet is <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scotland_the_Brave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scotland the Brave (noch net skreaun)">Scotland the Brave</a></i>. De Skotske nasjonale feestdei is <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Andrew%27s_Day&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St. Andrew's Day (noch net skreaun)">St. Andrew's Day</a></i>, op <a href="/wiki/30_novimber" title="30 novimber">30 novimber</a>, dat sûnt <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a> in by wet fêstleine frije dei is. Foar <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Burns%27_Night&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burns' Night (noch net skreaun)">Burns' Night</a></i>, wijd oan 'e ferneamde <a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsktalige</a> dichter <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns" title="Robert Burns">Robert Burns</a> (en holden op Burns syn bertedei, <a href="/wiki/25_jannewaris" title="25 jannewaris">25 jannewaris</a>), wurde lykwols mear aktiviteiten organisearre, fral yn Skotske mienskippen bûten Skotlân. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tartan_Day&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tartan Day (noch net skreaun)">Tartan Day</a></i>, op <a href="/wiki/6_april" title="6 april">6 april</a> (de dei dat yn <a href="/wiki/1320" title="1320">1320</a> de <a href="/wiki/Ferklearring_fan_Arbroath" title="Ferklearring fan Arbroath">Ferklearring fan Arbroath</a> ôfkundige waard) is in resint ferskynsel, dat syn oarsprong fynt yn <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Tiree,_Balephuil_Bay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg/230px-Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg/345px-Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg/460px-Tiree%2C_Balephuil_Bay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiree&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiree (noch net skreaun)">Tiree</a>, oan 'e westkust, ien fan 'e sinnichste plakken fan Skotlân.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klimaat">Klimaat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Dielside bewurkje: Klimaat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Klimaat"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Skotlân hat in tuskenbeiden <a href="/wiki/Seeklimaat" title="Seeklimaat">seeklimaat</a>, mei koele <a href="/wiki/Simmer" title="Simmer">simmers</a> en relatyf mylde <a href="/wiki/Winter" title="Winter">winters</a>. Troch de noardlike lizzing en it bercheftige terrein is it der winterdeis lykwols in stik kâlder as yn 'e rest fan <a href="/wiki/Grut-Brittanje" class="mw-redirect" title="Grut-Brittanje">Grut-Brittanje</a>, en falt der ek folle mear <a href="/wiki/Snie" title="Snie">snie</a>. By 't winter is it yn it leechlân trochinoar 6 °C, en by 't simmer 18 °C. Rekôrtemperatueren wiene –27,2 °C op <a href="/wiki/11_febrewaris" title="11 febrewaris">11 febrewaris</a> <a href="/wiki/1895" title="1895">1895</a> yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grampians&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grampians (noch net skreaun)">Grampians</a>, en 32,9 °C op <a href="/wiki/9_augustus" title="9 augustus">9 augustus</a> <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a> deunby de Ingelske grins. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Bagpipe_performer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bagpipe_performer.jpg/120px-Bagpipe_performer.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bagpipe_performer.jpg/180px-Bagpipe_performer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bagpipe_performer.jpg/240px-Bagpipe_performer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="964" /></a><figcaption>In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doedelsek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doedelsek (noch net skreaun)">doedelsek-spiler</a> yn tradisjonele <a href="/wiki/Skotske_dracht" title="Skotske dracht">Skotske dracht</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Yn it westen fan Skotlân is it yn 'e regel waarmer as yn 'e rest fan it lân, wat feroarsake wurdt troch de waarme <a href="/wiki/Golfstream" title="Golfstream">Golfstreaming</a> yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Atlantyske_Oseaan" title="Atlantyske Oseaan">Atlantyske Oseaan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Delslach_(waar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delslach (waar)">Delslachhoemannichten</a> rinne sterk útinoar. De westlike Heechlannen, dêr't op guon plakken mear as 3.000 mm oan reinwetter jiers falt, binne it wietst, wylst it leechlân ornaris minder as 800 mm kriget. Wat heger oft men komt, wat mear <a href="/wiki/Snie" title="Snie">snie</a> oft der falt. Yn 'e Grampians leit trochinoar 59 dagen yn 't jier snie, wylst dat oan 'e kust trochinoar mar 10 dagen jiers it gefal is. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sjoch_ek">Sjoch ek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Dielside bewurkje: Sjoch ek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Sjoch ek"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skotten" title="Skotten">Skotten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skotsk" title="Skotsk">Skotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skotsk-Gaelysk" title="Skotsk-Gaelysk">Skotsk-Gaelysk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_fan_keningen_fan_Skotl%C3%A2n" title="List fan keningen fan Skotlân">List fan keningen fan Skotlân</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skotske_clans" title="Skotske clans">Skotske clans</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keppelings_om_utens">Keppelings om utens</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Dielside bewurkje: Keppelings om utens" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skotl%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Keppelings om utens"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;cursor:help;" title="Taal: Ingelsk">(in) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotland.org">Offisjele webside fan Skotlân</a></li> <li><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;cursor:help;" title="Taal: Ingelsk">(in) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.scot">Offisjele webside fan it Skotske regear</a></li> <li><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;cursor:help;" title="Taal: Ingelsk">(in) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitscotland.com">Offisjele webside fan 'e Skotske VVV</a></li></ul> <div style="position:absolute; visibility:hidden; height:0; margin-top:1em;"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boarnen,_noaten_en_referinsjes"><span id="Boarnen.2C_noaten_en_referinsjes"></span>Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berjocht:Boarnen&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Edit section's source code: Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </div> <table class="toccolours" style="font-size:85%; margin-top:1em; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 5px; clear: both;" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <td><b>Boarnen, noaten en/as referinsjes:</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <p>Foar boarnen en oare literatuer, sjoch ûnder: <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland"><i>References</i> en <i>Further reading</i>, op dizze side</a>. </p> <hr /> <div class="interProject" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Scotland" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Scotland">Commons</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate plainlinks"><div id="commonscat" class="plainlinks" style="padding:5px;"> <table id="catcommonslink" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td id="commonsinfopict" rowspan="1" valign="top"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Wikimedia Commons</figcaption></figure> </td> <td id="commonslink"> Ofbylden dy't by dit ûnderwerp hearre, binne te finen yn de kategory <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Scotland?uselang=fy">Scotland</a> fan <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="commons:">Wikimedia Commons</a>. </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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