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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Verdunningsreeks" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Verdunningsreeks" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Verdunningsreeks" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Voorbeeld" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voorbeeld"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Voorbeeld</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voorbeeld-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Voorbeeld-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voorbeeld-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Niet_lineaire_relatie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Niet_lineaire_relatie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Niet lineaire relatie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Niet_lineaire_relatie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lineaire_relatie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lineaire_relatie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Lineaire relatie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lineaire_relatie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Verdunningsreeks</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 8 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verd%C3%BCnnungsreihe" title="Verdünnungsreihe – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Verdünnungsreihe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a 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<div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p>Een <b>verdunningsreeks</b> is een opeenvolgende reeks van oplossingen van dezelfde stof, maar met telkens een kleinere <a href="/wiki/Chemische_concentratie" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemische concentratie">chemische concentratie</a>. Meestal worden de verdunningsstappen in gelijke proporties genomen (bijvoorbeeld telkens een factor 10 verschil in de concentratie). </p><p>Verdunningsreeksen worden dikwijls ingezet in de <a href="/wiki/Kalibratie" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalibratie">kalibratie</a> van een analysetoestel, zoals een <a href="/wiki/Spectrometer" title="Spectrometer">spectrometer</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voorbeeld">Voorbeeld</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verdunningsreeks&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Voorbeeld" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verdunningsreeks&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Voorbeeld"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Niet_lineaire_relatie">Niet lineaire relatie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verdunningsreeks&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Niet lineaire relatie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verdunningsreeks&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Niet lineaire relatie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Je wilt een <a href="/wiki/Verdunning" title="Verdunning">verdunning</a> maken van een zoutoplossing die een concentratie heeft van 1 <a href="/wiki/Mol_(eenheid)" title="Mol (eenheid)">mol</a>/<a href="/wiki/Liter" title="Liter">liter</a>. Je neemt 1 liter van deze zoutoplossing van 1 M en je brengt dit bij 9 l verdunningsvloeistof (bufferoplossing, of <a href="/wiki/Gedestilleerd_water" title="Gedestilleerd water">gedestilleerd water</a>, afhankelijk van de toepassing): </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {1{\mbox{ M}}\cdot 1{\mbox{ l}}}{1{\mbox{ l}}+9{\mbox{ l}}}}={\frac {1}{10}}{\mbox{ M}}{\frac {\mbox{l}}{\mbox{l}}}=0,1{\mbox{ M}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext> M</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext> l</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext> l</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mn>9</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext> l</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>10</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext> M</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>l</mtext> </mstyle> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>l</mtext> </mstyle> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext> M</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {1{\mbox{ M}}\cdot 1{\mbox{ l}}}{1{\mbox{ l}}+9{\mbox{ l}}}}={\frac {1}{10}}{\mbox{ M}}{\frac {\mbox{l}}{\mbox{l}}}=0,1{\mbox{ M}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c28ee5c5f809b8cbef953300efed74ac0bb85ae4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:28.402ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {1{\mbox{ M}}\cdot 1{\mbox{ l}}}{1{\mbox{ l}}+9{\mbox{ l}}}}={\frac {1}{10}}{\mbox{ M}}{\frac {\mbox{l}}{\mbox{l}}}=0,1{\mbox{ M}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Zo kun je in gelijke stapjes blijven verder verdunnen door telkens 1 liter van het mengsel te nemen en er 9 liter verdunningsvloeistof bij te voegen: 1 M, 0,1 M, 0,01 M, 0,001 M, 0,0001 M, ... In de praktijk wordt dan niet met hoeveelheden van 1 liter gewerkt maar wordt slechts 10 ml verdund tot 100 ml, Het effect is hetzelfde: de opgeloste hoeveelheid zout zit in een tien keer zo groot volume. </p><p>Deze manier van verdunnen wordt vooral toegepast als de reactie van de te meten grootheid niet evenredig is met de concentratie. Een voorbeeld hiervan is het overleven van planten in een steeds hogere zoutconcentratie. Bij lage concentraties zullen alle planten blijven leven, bij hoge gaan ze allemaal dood. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lineaire_relatie">Lineaire relatie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verdunningsreeks&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Lineaire relatie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verdunningsreeks&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Lineaire relatie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Een tweede standaardmanier om een verdunningsreeks te maken is uitgaande van de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stam-oplossing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stam-oplossing (de pagina bestaat niet)">stam-oplossing</a> 1, 2, 3, ... ml te verdunnen tot 100 ml. Uitgaande van dezelfde oplossing als in het eerstevoorbeeld ontstaat dan een serie met concentraties van 0.01 M, 0.02 M, 0.03 M .... etc. </p><p>Deze manier van verdunnen wordt vooral toegepast als de te meten grootheid evenredig is met de concentratie. Een voorbeeld hiervan is de <a href="/wiki/UV/VIS-spectroscopie#Extinctie" title="UV/VIS-spectroscopie">extinctie</a> van licht in oplossingen met een steeds iets hogere concentratie. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Verdunningsreeks&oldid=64450229">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Verdunningsreeks&oldid=64450229</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Analytische_chemie" title="Categorie:Analytische chemie">Analytische chemie</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 9 jun 2023 om 12:01.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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