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Xia</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Weidong Xia"> <meta name="keywords" content="Weidong Xia"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Weidong Xia"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 9</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Weidong Xia</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Factors Affecting General Practitioners’ Transfer of Specialized Self-Care Knowledge to Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weidong%20Xia">Weidong Xia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malgorzata%20Kolotylo"> Malgorzata Kolotylo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuan%20Tan"> Xuan Tan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the key factors that influence general practitioners’ learning and transfer of specialized arthritis knowledge and self-care techniques to patients during normal patient visits. Drawing on the theory of planed behavior and using matched survey data collected from general practitioners before and after training sessions provided by specialized orthopedic physicians, the study suggests that the general practitioner’s intention to use and transfer learned knowledge was influenced mainly by intrinsic motivation, organizational learning culture and absorptive capacity, but was not influenced by extrinsic motivation. The results provide both theoretical and practical implications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20study" title="empirical study">empirical study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20knowledge%20management" title=" healthcare knowledge management"> healthcare knowledge management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20self-care" title=" patient self-care"> patient self-care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physician%20knowledge%20transfer" title=" physician knowledge transfer"> physician knowledge transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50458/factors-affecting-general-practitioners-transfer-of-specialized-self-care-knowledge-to-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Design of Transformerless Electric Energy Router in Smart Home</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weidong%20Fu">Weidong Fu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qingsong%20Wang"> Qingsong Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Hua"> Wei Hua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20Cheng"> Ming Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giuseppe%20Buja"> Giuseppe Buja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A single-phase transformerless electric energy router (TL-EER) is proposed for renewable energy management and power quality improvement in smart homes. The proposed TL-EER only contains four semiconductor switching devices, which reduces costs greatly compared to traditional electric energy routers. TL-EER functions as intelligent systems that optimize the flow and distribution of energy within a grid, enabling seamless interaction between generation, storage, and consumption. In addition, TL-EER operates in multiple modes and could be converted to diverse topologies by changing the states of relays. As for power quality, voltage and current compensating methods are adapted. Thus, high-quality electrical energy could be transferred to the load, and the grid-side power factor could be improved. Finally, laboratory prototypes are established to validate the effectiveness of the system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformerless" title="transformerless">transformerless</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20energy%20router" title=" electric energy router"> electric energy router</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20flow" title=" power flow"> power flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20quality" title=" power quality"> power quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20factor" title=" power factor"> power factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193534/design-of-transformerless-electric-energy-router-in-smart-home" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">9</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> An Approach to Electricity Production Utilizing Waste Heat of a Triple-Pressure Cogeneration Combined Cycle Power Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soheil%20Mohtaram">Soheil Mohtaram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wu%20Weidong"> Wu Weidong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yashar%20Aryanfar"> Yashar Aryanfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates the points with heat recovery potential in a triple-pressure cogeneration combined cycle power plant and determines the amount of waste heat that can be recovered. A modified cycle arrangement is then adopted for accessing thermal potentials. Modeling the energy system is followed by thermodynamic and energetic evaluation, and then the price of the manufactured products is also determined using the Total Revenue Requirement (TRR) method and term economic analysis. The results of optimization are then presented in a Pareto chart diagram by implementing a new model with dual objective functions, which include power cost and produce heat. This model can be utilized to identify the optimal operating point for such power plants based on electricity and heat prices in different regions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20loss" title="heat loss">heat loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unused%20energy" title=" unused energy"> unused energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficient%20production" title=" efficient production"> efficient production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triple-pressure%20cogeneration" title=" triple-pressure cogeneration"> triple-pressure cogeneration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166144/an-approach-to-electricity-production-utilizing-waste-heat-of-a-triple-pressure-cogeneration-combined-cycle-power-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Slope Stability Considering the Top Building Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Micke%20Didit">Micke Didit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiwen%20Zhang"> Xiwen Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weidong%20Zhu"> Weidong Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Slope stability is one of the most important subjects of geotechnics. The slope top-loading plays a key role in the stability of slopes in hill slope areas. Therefore, it is of great importance to study the relationship between the load and the stability of the slope. This study aims to analyze the influence of the building load applied on the top of the slope and deduces its effect on the slope stability. For this purpose, a three-dimensional slope model under different building loads with different distances to the slope shoulder was established using the finite-difference analysis software Flac3D. The results show that the loads applied at different distances on the top of the slope have different effects on the slope stability. The slope factor of safety (fos) increases with the increase of the distance between the top-loading and the slope shoulder, resulting in the decrease of the coincidence area between the load-deformation and the potential sliding surface. The slope is no longer affected by the potential risk of sliding at approximately 20 m away from the slope shoulder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20load" title="building load">building load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite-difference%20analysis" title=" finite-difference analysis"> finite-difference analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FLAC3D%20software" title=" FLAC3D software"> FLAC3D software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20factor%20of%20safety" title=" slope factor of safety"> slope factor of safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20stability" title=" slope stability"> slope stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150072/slope-stability-considering-the-top-building-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Trajectory Design and Power Allocation for Energy -Efficient UAV Communication Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuling%20Cui">Yuling Cui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danhao%20Deng"> Danhao Deng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaowei%20Wang"> Chaowei Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weidong%20Wang"> Weidong Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely used in wireless communication, attracting more and more attention from researchers. UAVs can not only serve as a relay for auxiliary communication but also serve as an aerial base station for ground users (GUs). However, limited energy means that they cannot work all the time and cover a limited range of services. In this paper, we investigate 2D UAV trajectory design and power allocation in order to maximize the UAV's service time and downlink throughput. Based on deep reinforcement learning, we propose a depth deterministic strategy gradient algorithm for trajectory design and power distribution (TDPA-DDPG) to solve the energy-efficient and communication service quality problem. The simulation results show that TDPA-DDPG can extend the service time of UAV as much as possible, improve the communication service quality, and realize the maximization of downlink throughput, which is significantly improved compared with existing methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UAV%20trajectory%20design" title="UAV trajectory design">UAV trajectory design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20allocation" title=" power allocation"> power allocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficient" title=" energy efficient"> energy efficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=downlink%20throughput" title=" downlink throughput"> downlink throughput</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20reinforcement%20learning" title=" deep reinforcement learning"> deep reinforcement learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DDPG" title=" DDPG"> DDPG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131461/trajectory-design-and-power-allocation-for-energy-efficient-uav-communication-based-on-deep-reinforcement-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Automatic Registration of Rail Profile Based Local Maximum Curvature Entropy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao%20Wang">Hao Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shengchun%20Wang"> Shengchun Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weidong%20Wang"> Weidong Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> On the influence of train vibration and environmental noise on the measurement of track wear, we proposed a method for automatic extraction of circular arc on the inner or outer side of the rail waist and achieved the high-precision registration of rail profile. Firstly, a polynomial fitting method based on truncated residual histogram was proposed to find the optimal fitting curve of the profile and reduce the influence of noise on profile curve fitting. Then, based on the curvature distribution characteristics of the fitting curve, the interval search algorithm based on dynamic window’s maximum curvature entropy was proposed to realize the automatic segmentation of small circular arc. At last, we fit two circle centers as matching reference points based on small circular arcs on both sides and realized the alignment from the measured profile to the standard designed profile. The static experimental results show that the mean and standard deviation of the method are controlled within 0.01mm with small measurement errors and high repeatability. The dynamic test also verified the repeatability of the method in the train-running environment, and the dynamic measurement deviation of rail wear is within 0.2mm with high repeatability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curvature%20entropy" title="curvature entropy">curvature entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profile%20registration" title=" profile registration"> profile registration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rail%20wear" title=" rail wear"> rail wear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structured%20light" title=" structured light"> structured light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=train-running" title=" train-running"> train-running</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89368/automatic-registration-of-rail-profile-based-local-maximum-curvature-entropy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Screening of Hypertension, Risks, Knowledge/Awareness in Second Cycle Schools in Ghana: A National Cross-Sectional Study Among Students Aged 12–22</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cecilia%20Amponsem-Boateng">Cecilia Amponsem-Boateng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timothy%20Bonney%20Oppongx"> Timothy Bonney Oppongx</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weidong%20Zhang"> Weidong Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Boakye%20Yiadom"> Jonathan Boakye Yiadom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lianke%20Wang"> Lianke Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwabena%20Acheampong"> Kwabena Acheampong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Godfrey%20Opolot"> Godfrey Opolot</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Ghana, the management of hypertension in primary health care is a cost-effective way of addressing premature deaths from vascular disorders that include hypertension. There is little or no evidence of large-scale studies on the prevalence, risk, and knowledge/awareness of hypertension in students aged 12–22 years in Ghana. In a cross-sectional study, blood pressure, anthropometric indices, and knowledge/awareness assessment of students at second-cycle schools were recorded from 2018 to 2020 in three regions of Ghana. Multistage cluster sampling was used in selecting regions and the schools. Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was categorized by the Joint National Committee 7, where appropriate, chi-square, scatter plots, and correlations were used in showing associations. A total of 3165 students comprising 1776 (56.1%) females and 1389 (43.9%) males participated in this study within three regions of Ghana. The minimum age was 12 years and the maximum age was 22 years. The mean age was 17.21 with standard deviation (SD: 1.59) years. A 95% conﬁdence interval was set for estimations and a P value < 0.05 was set as signiﬁcant. The prevalence rate of overall hypertension was 19.91% and elevated (prehypertension) was 26.07%. Risk indicators such as weight, BMI, waist circumference, physical activity, and form of the diet were positively correlated with hypertension. Among Ghanaian students currently in second-cycle educational institutions, 19.91% were hypertensive and 26.07% were prehypertensive. This may indicate a probable high prevalence of hypertension in the future adult population if measures are not taken to curb the associated risks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypertension" title="hypertension">hypertension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second-cycle%20schools" title=" second-cycle schools"> second-cycle schools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghana" title=" Ghana"> Ghana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth" title=" youth"> youth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172409/screening-of-hypertension-risks-knowledgeawareness-in-second-cycle-schools-in-ghana-a-national-cross-sectional-study-among-students-aged-12-22" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172409.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Research Analysis of Urban Area Expansion Based on Remote Sensing </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheheryar%20Khan">Sheheryar Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weidong%20Li"> Weidong Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fanqian%20Meng"> Fanqian Meng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect is one of the foremost problems out of other ecological and socioeconomic issues in urbanization. Due to this phenomenon that human-made urban areas have replaced the rural landscape with the surface that increases thermal conductivity and urban warmth; as a result, the temperature in the city is higher than in the surrounding rural areas. To affect the evidence of this phenomenon in the Zhengzhou city area, an observation of the temperature variations in the urban area is done through a scientific method that has been followed. Landsat 8 satellite images were taken from 2013 to 2015 to calculate the effect of Urban Heat Island (UHI) along with the NPP-VRRIS night-time remote sensing data to analyze the result for a better understanding of the center of the built-up area. To further support the evidence, the correlation between land surface temperatures and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was calculated using the Red band 4 and Near-infrared band 5 of the Landsat 8 data. Mono-window algorithm was applied to retrieve the land surface temperature (LST) distribution from the Landsat 8 data using Band 10 and 11 accordingly to convert the top-of-atmosphere radiance (TOA) and to convert the satellite brightness temperature. Along with Landsat 8 data, NPP-VIIRS night-light data is preprocessed to get the research area data. The analysis between Landsat 8 data and NPP night-light data was taken to compare the output center of the Built-up area of Zhengzhou city. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=built-up%20area" title="built-up area">built-up area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20surface%20temperature" title=" land surface temperature"> land surface temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mono-window%20algorithm" title=" mono-window algorithm"> mono-window algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDVI" title=" NDVI"> NDVI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threshold%20method" title=" threshold method"> threshold method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengzhou" title=" Zhengzhou"> Zhengzhou</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133463/research-analysis-of-urban-area-expansion-based-on-remote-sensing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Effect of Packing Ratio on Fire Spread across Discrete Fuel Beds: An Experimental Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qianqian%20He">Qianqian He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naian%20Liu"> Naian Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaodong%20Xie"> Xiaodong Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linhe%20Zhang"> Linhe Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Zhang"> Yang Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weidong%20Yan"> Weidong Yan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the wild, the vegetation layer with exceptionally complex fuel composition and heterogeneous spatial distribution strongly affects the rate of fire spread (ROS) and fire intensity. Clarifying the influence of fuel bed structure on fire spread behavior is of great significance to wildland fire management and prediction. The packing ratio is one of the key physical parameters describing the property of the fuel bed. There is a threshold value of the packing ratio for ROS, but little is known about the controlling mechanism. In this study, to address this deficiency, a series of fire spread experiments were performed across a discrete fuel bed composed of some regularly arranged laser-cut cardboards, with constant wind speed and different packing ratios (0.0125-0.0375). The experiment aims to explore the relative importance of the internal and surface heat transfer with packing ratio. The dependence of the measured ROS on the packing ratio was almost consistent with the previous researches. The data of the radiative and total heat fluxes show that the internal heat transfer and surface heat transfer are both enhanced with increasing packing ratio (referred to as ‘Stage 1’). The trend agrees well with the variation of the flame length. The results extracted from the video show that the flame length markedly increases with increasing packing ratio in Stage 1. Combustion intensity is suggested to be increased, which, in turn, enhances the heat radiation. The heat flux data shows that the surface heat transfer appears to be more important than the internal heat transfer (fuel preheating inside the fuel bed) in Stage 1. On the contrary, the internal heat transfer dominates the fuel preheating mechanism when the packing ratio further increases (referred to as ‘Stage 2’) because the surface heat flux keeps almost stable with the packing ratio in Stage 2. As for the heat convection, the flow velocity was measured using Pitot tubes both inside and on the upper surface of the fuel bed during the fire spread. Based on the gas velocity distribution ahead of the flame front, it is found that the airflow inside the fuel bed is restricted in Stage 2, which can reduce the internal heat convection in theory. However, the analysis indicates not the influence of inside flow on convection and combustion, but the decreased internal radiation of per unit fuel is responsible for the decrease of ROS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20fuel%20bed" title="discrete fuel bed">discrete fuel bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20spread" title=" fire spread"> fire spread</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packing%20ratio" title=" packing ratio"> packing ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wildfire" title=" wildfire"> wildfire</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133214/effect-of-packing-ratio-on-fire-spread-across-discrete-fuel-beds-an-experimental-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133214.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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