CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Cairns - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4eb2dbd6-09e1-46cc-a422-503635c558fc","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Cairns","wgTitle":"Cairns","wgCurRevisionId":1259093639,"wgRevisionId":1259093639,"wgArticleId":305553,"wgIsArticle":true, "wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Cairns","wgRelevantArticleId":305553,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true,"wgMFScriptPath":"","wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample": false,"wgWMEPageLength":100000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":-16.92,"lon":145.78},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":true,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"an","autonym":"aragonés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ast","autonym":"asturianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym" :"Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"az","autonym":"azərbaycanca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ba","autonym":"башҡортса","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bar","autonym":"Boarisch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym":"བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"br","autonym":"brezhoneg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bs","autonym":"bosanski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym": "Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cdo","autonym":"閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym":"словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym":"dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym": "eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"el","autonym":"Ελληνικά","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eu","autonym":"euskara","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym":"fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fy","autonym":"Frysk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gan","autonym":"贛語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gl","autonym":"galego","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hif","autonym":"Fiji Hindi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hr","autonym":"hrvatski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ht","autonym":"Kreyòl ayisyen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo", "autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"io","autonym":"Ido","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"is","autonym":"íslenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jv","autonym":"Jawa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym":"Gĩkũyũ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kk","autonym":"қазақша","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"km","autonym":"ភាសាខ្មែរ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kn","autonym":"ಕನ್ನಡ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym": "къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks","autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ku","autonym":"kurdî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym":"lingála","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mk","autonym":"македонски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ml","autonym":"മലയാളം","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mn","autonym":"монгол","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mzn","autonym":"مازِرونی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym": "Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ne","autonym":"नेपाली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"new","autonym":"नेपाल भाषा","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nn","autonym":"norsk nynorsk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc","autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym":"ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pa","autonym":"ਪੰਜਾਬੀ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap","autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym": "Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc","autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ps","autonym":"پښتو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sah","autonym":"саха тыла","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs", "autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sh","autonym":"srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"si","autonym":"සිංහල","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sl","autonym":"slovenščina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sq","autonym":"shqip","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sw","autonym":"Kiswahili","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ta","autonym":"தமிழ்","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay", "autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"te","autonym":"తెలుగు","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym":"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"th","autonym":"ไทย","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yi","autonym":"ייִדיש","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zu","autonym":"isiZulu","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl", "bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl", "pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q189133","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false, "wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":true,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":true},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","skins.minerva.amc.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready", "wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.phonos.init","mediawiki.page.gallery","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.amc.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/1200px-Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="594"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/800px-Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="396"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/640px-Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="317"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Cairns - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Cairns rootpage-Cairns stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"><div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"> <a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"> <input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="/wiki/Main_Page" data-mw="interface"> Home </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="/wiki/Special:Random" data-mw="interface"> Random </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="/wiki/Special:Nearby" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> Nearby </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--login" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Cairns" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> Log in </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:MobileOptions&returnto=Cairns" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> Settings </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en&utm_key=minerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> Donate </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" data-mw="interface"> About Wikipedia </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" data-mw="interface"> Disclaimers </a> </li> </ul> </div> <label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"/> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> </div> <button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> Search </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Cairns</h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Cairns" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Cairns" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> Language </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Cairns" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> Watch </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city in Australia. For the stack, see <a href="/wiki/Cairn" title="Cairn">Cairn</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Cairns_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Cairns (disambiguation)">Cairns (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style>Cairns (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈkɛərnz/</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/29\/EnAU-Cairns.ogg\/EnAU-Cairns.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"EnAU-Cairns.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/EnAU-Cairns.ogg/EnAU-Cairns.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:EnAU-Cairns.ogg" title="File:EnAU-Cairns.ogg">ⓘ</a>; <a href="/wiki/Yidiny_language" title="Yidiny language">Yidiny</a>: Gimuy) is a city in the <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Region" title="Cairns Region">Cairns Region</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a>, Australia,<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> on the tropical north east coast of <a href="/wiki/Far_North_Queensland" title="Far North Queensland">Far North Queensland</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/2021_Australian_census" title="2021 Australian census">2021 census</a>, Cairns had a population of 153,181 people.<a href="#cite_note-Census2021-1">[1]</a> <table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="font-size: 125%; line-height: 1.3em; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Cairns <div style="font-weight:normal;font-size:88%">Gimuy (<a href="/wiki/Yidiny_language" title="Yidiny language">Yidiny</a>)</div><a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:262px;max-width:262px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:260px;max-width:260px"><div style="height:127px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns_(Queensland)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cairns CBD"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/258px-Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/387px-Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/516px-Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4776" data-file-height="2364"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Cairns_City,_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns City, Queensland">Cairns CBD</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:125px;max-width:125px"><div style="height:98px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns_City_Library,_Queensland,_2020,_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cairns City Library"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Cairns_City_Library%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_01.jpg/123px-Cairns_City_Library%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Cairns_City_Library%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_01.jpg/185px-Cairns_City_Library%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Cairns_City_Library%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_01.jpg/246px-Cairns_City_Library%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3742" data-file-height="2979"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Cairns_City_Council_Chambers" title="Cairns City Council Chambers">Cairns City Library</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:133px;max-width:133px"><div style="height:98px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns_Regional_Gallery,_Queensland,_2020,_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cairns Regional Gallery"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Cairns_Regional_Gallery%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_03.jpg/131px-Cairns_Regional_Gallery%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Cairns_Regional_Gallery%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_03.jpg/197px-Cairns_Regional_Gallery%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Cairns_Regional_Gallery%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_03.jpg/262px-Cairns_Regional_Gallery%2C_Queensland%2C_2020%2C_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3781" data-file-height="2836"></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Cairns_Regional_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns Regional Gallery">Cairns Regional Gallery</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="height:71px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Esplanade,_Cairns,_near_ShangriLa_Hotel_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Esplanade"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_near_ShangriLa_Hotel_-_panoramio.jpg/127px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_near_ShangriLa_Hotel_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_near_ShangriLa_Hotel_-_panoramio.jpg/191px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_near_ShangriLa_Hotel_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_near_ShangriLa_Hotel_-_panoramio.jpg/254px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_near_ShangriLa_Hotel_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="788"></a></div><div class="text-align-center">Esplanade</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style="height:71px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns_Esplanade_Lagoon_Pool,_Esplanade,_Cairns,_Queensland,_Australia_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cairns_Esplanade_Lagoon_Pool%2C_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_Queensland%2C_Australia_-_panoramio.jpg/127px-Cairns_Esplanade_Lagoon_Pool%2C_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_Queensland%2C_Australia_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cairns_Esplanade_Lagoon_Pool%2C_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_Queensland%2C_Australia_-_panoramio.jpg/191px-Cairns_Esplanade_Lagoon_Pool%2C_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_Queensland%2C_Australia_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cairns_Esplanade_Lagoon_Pool%2C_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_Queensland%2C_Australia_-_panoramio.jpg/254px-Cairns_Esplanade_Lagoon_Pool%2C_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_Queensland%2C_Australia_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="788"></a></div><div class="text-align-center">Cairns Marina and Lagoon</div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:190px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:190px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:190px"><a href="/wiki/File:Australia_Queensland_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cairns is located in Queensland"><img alt="Cairns is located in Queensland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Australia_Queensland_relief_location_map.jpg/190px-Australia_Queensland_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Australia_Queensland_relief_location_map.jpg/285px-Australia_Queensland_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Australia_Queensland_relief_location_map.jpg/380px-Australia_Queensland_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="973" data-file-height="1285"></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.634%;left:50.182%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Cairns" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Cairns</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cairns&params=16.92_S_145.78_E_type:city_region:AU-QLD&title=Cairns+%28town+centre%29">16°55′S 145°47′E / 16.92°S 145.78°E / -16.92; 145.78 (Cairns (town centre))</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">153,181 (2021)<a href="#cite_note-Census2021-1">[1]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Australia_by_population" title="List of cities in Australia by population">15th</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">602.36/km2 (1,560.11/sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1876</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_Australia" title="Postcodes in Australia">Postcode(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4870</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">7 m (23 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">254.3 km2 (98.2 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Australia" title="Time in Australia">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/AEST" class="mw-redirect" title="AEST">AEST</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B10:00" title="UTC+10:00">UTC+10:00</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li> 68 km (42 mi) SSE of <a href="/wiki/Port_Douglas" title="Port Douglas">Port Douglas</a> </li><li> 347 km (216 mi) NNW of <a href="/wiki/Townsville" title="Townsville">Townsville</a> </li><li> 1,064 km (661 mi) NW of <a href="/wiki/Rockhampton" title="Rockhampton">Rockhampton</a> </li><li> 1,695 km (1,053 mi) NNW of <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a> </li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_Queensland" title="Local government areas of Queensland">LGA(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cairns_Region" title="Cairns Region">Cairns Region</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Lands_administrative_divisions_of_Australia" title="Lands administrative divisions of Australia">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/County_of_Nares" title="County of Nares">Nares</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Electorates_of_the_Australian_states_and_territories" title="Electorates of the Australian states and territories">State electorate(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li> <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Cairns" title="Electoral district of Cairns">Cairns</a></li><li> <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Barron_River" title="Electoral district of Barron River">Barron River</a></li><li> <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mulgrave_(Queensland)" title="Electoral district of Mulgrave (Queensland)">Mulgrave</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives">Federal division(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li> <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Leichhardt" title="Division of Leichhardt">Leichhardt</a></li><li> <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Kennedy" title="Division of Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; border: 1px #ddd solid;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="background-color:#f0f0ff;border: 1px #FFF solid; text-align:center; width:33%;">Mean max temp</td> <td style="background-color:#f0f0ff;border: 1px #FFF solid; text-align:center; width:34%;">Mean min temp</td> <td style="background-color:#f0f0ff;border: 1px #FFF solid; text-align:center; width:33%;">Annual rainfall</td> </tr><tr style="border: 1px #FFF solid" class="mergedrow"> <td style="padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center; width:33%;"> 29.4 °C 85 °F</td> <td style="padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center; width:34%;">21.0 °C 70 °F</td> <td style="padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center; width:33%;">1,981.5 mm 78 in</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> The city was founded in 1876 and named after <a href="/wiki/William_Cairns" title="William Cairns">Sir William Wellington Cairns</a>, following the discovery of gold in the <a href="/wiki/Hodgkinson_Minerals_Area" title="Hodgkinson Minerals Area">Hodgkinson River</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:4-3">[3]</a> During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the city became a staging ground for the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied Forces</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Coral_Sea" title="Battle of the Coral Sea">Battle of the Coral Sea</a>. By the late 20th century the city had become a centre of <a href="/wiki/International_tourism" title="International tourism">international tourism</a>. In the early 21st century, it has developed into a major regional city. The economy of Cairns is based primarily on tourism, healthcare and education, along with a major capacity in aviation, marine and defence industries.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> The city has a <a href="/wiki/Gross_regional_domestic_product" title="Gross regional domestic product">gross regional product</a> at about $11.4 billion as of 2023.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> The city is served by <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Airport" title="Cairns Airport">Cairns International Airport</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_the_busiest_airports_in_Australia" title="List of the busiest airports in Australia">seventh busiest airport in Australia</a>. Cairns also has a major <a href="/wiki/Cruise_ship" title="Cruise ship">cruise ship</a> industry servicing both domestic and international markets, with terminals at <a href="/wiki/Ports_North" title="Ports North">Cairns Seaport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Wharf_Complex" title="Cairns Wharf Complex">Cairns Wharf Complex</a>. Cairns is a major tourist destination, with access to two <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO world heritage</a> sites; the <a href="/wiki/Daintree_Rainforest" title="Daintree Rainforest">Daintree Rainforest</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Wet_Tropics_of_Queensland" title="Wet Tropics of Queensland">Wet Tropics of Queensland</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef" title="Great Barrier Reef">Great Barrier Reef</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/Wonders_of_the_World#Seven_Natural_Wonders_of_the_World" title="Wonders of the World">seven natural wonders of the world</a>. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Demographics">2 Demographics</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Geography">3 Geography</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Urban_layout">3.1 Urban layout</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Climate">3.2 Climate</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#Tropical_cyclones">3.2.1 Tropical cyclones</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Facilities">4 Facilities</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Heritage_listings">5 Heritage listings</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Governance">6 Governance</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Economy">7 Economy</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Tourism">7.1 Tourism</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Commercial">7.2 Commercial</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Media">7.3 Media</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Industry_and_agriculture">7.4 Industry and agriculture</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Transport">8 Transport</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Roads">8.1 Roads</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Bus">8.2 Bus</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Rail">8.3 Rail</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#Airport">8.4 Airport</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#Port">8.5 Port</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#Defence_facilities">9 Defence facilities</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#Sister_cities">10 Sister cities</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Education">11 Education</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#Health">12 Health</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#Sport_and_recreation">13 Sport and recreation</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="#Soccer,_Australian_rules_football,_and_rugby">13.1 Soccer, Australian rules football, and rugby</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><a href="#Other_sports">13.2 Other sports</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="#Sporting_facilities">13.3 Sporting facilities</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><a href="#Amenities">14 Amenities</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30"><a href="#Indigenous_languages_and_representation">15 Indigenous languages and representation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-31"><a href="#Notable_people">16 Notable people</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-32"><a href="#Gallery">17 Gallery</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-33"><a href="#See_also">18 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-34"><a href="#Notes">19 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-35"><a href="#References">20 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-36"><a href="#External_links">21 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Cairns" title="History of Cairns">History of Cairns</a></div> Prior to <a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">British settlement</a>, the Cairns area was inhabited by the Gimuy Walubara <a href="/wiki/Yidiny_people" title="Yidiny people">Yidinji</a> people,<a href="#cite_note-Dixon01-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-cairnsindigenous-7">[7]</a> who still claim their <a href="/wiki/Native_title_in_Australia" title="Native title in Australia">native title rights</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Yidiny_language" title="Yidiny language">Yidinji</a> (also known as Yidinj, Yidiny, and Idindji) is an <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_languages" title="Australian Aboriginal languages">Australian Aboriginal language</a>. Its traditional language region is within the local government areas of <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Region" title="Cairns Region">Cairns Region</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tablelands_Region" title="Tablelands Region">Tablelands Region</a>, in such localities as Cairns, <a href="/wiki/Gordonvale,_Queensland" title="Gordonvale, Queensland">Gordonvale</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Mulgrave_River" title="Mulgrave River">Mulgrave River</a>, and the southern part of the <a href="/wiki/Atherton_Tableland" title="Atherton Tableland">Atherton Tableland</a> including <a href="/wiki/Atherton,_Queensland" title="Atherton, Queensland">Atherton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kairi,_Queensland" title="Kairi, Queensland">Kairi</a>. The area in which the city is located is known in the local Yidiny language as Gimuy,<a href="#cite_note-Dixon01-6">[6]</a> and the clan who inhabited the region before colonisation are the Gimuy-walubarra clan.<a href="#cite_note-cairnsindigenous-7">[7]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NativeWellsCairns.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/NativeWellsCairns.png/220px-NativeWellsCairns.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="832" data-file-height="991"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 262px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/NativeWellsCairns.png/220px-NativeWellsCairns.png" data-width="220" data-height="262" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/NativeWellsCairns.png/330px-NativeWellsCairns.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/NativeWellsCairns.png/440px-NativeWellsCairns.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>1874 map showing native wells situated within the future site of Cairns</figcaption></figure> From 1770 to the early 1870s the area was known to the British simply as <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Bay_(Queensland)" title="Trinity Bay (Queensland)">Trinity Bay</a>. The arrival of <a href="/wiki/Sea_cucumber_as_food" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea cucumber as food">beche de mer</a> fishermen from the late 1860s saw the first European presence in the area. On the site of the modern-day Cairns foreshore, there was a large native well which was used by these fishermen. A violent confrontation occurred in 1872 between local <a href="/wiki/Yidinji_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Yidinji people">Yidinji people</a> and Phillip Garland, a beche de mer fisherman, over the use of this well. The area from this date was subsequently called Battle Camp.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> In 1876, hastened by the need to export gold mined from the <a href="/wiki/Hodgkinson_Minerals_Area" title="Hodgkinson Minerals Area">Hodgkinson goldfields</a> on the tablelands to the west, closer investigation by several official expeditions established its potential for development into a port. Brinsley G. Sheridan surveyed the area and selected a place further up Trinity Inlet known to the diggers as Smith's Landing for a settlement which he renamed Thornton.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> However, after <a href="/wiki/Native_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Police">Native Police</a> officers <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Douglas-Douglas" title="Alexander Douglas-Douglas">Alexander Douglas-Douglas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Arthur_Johnstone" title="Robert Arthur Johnstone">Robert Arthur Johnstone</a> opened a new track from the goldfields to Battle Camp, this more coastal site became preferable.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The area was named Cairns in late 1876 in honour of the then Governor of Queensland, William Cairns.<a href="#cite_note-:4-3">[3]</a> The site was predominantly <a href="/wiki/Mangrove" title="Mangrove">mangrove</a> swamps and sand ridges. Labourers gradually cleared the swamps, and the sand ridges were filled with dried mud, sawdust from local sawmills, and ballast from a quarry at Edge Hill. Throughout the late 19th century, Cairns prospered from <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Australians" title="Chinese Australians">the settlement of Chinese immigrants</a> who helped develop the region's agriculture.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Soon after Cairns was established "a few entrepreneurial Chinese men began to experiment with crops such as cotton, tobacco, coffee, rice, sugar, and bananas, while market gardeners grew much needed fruit and vegetables. This marked the beginning of the agricultural industry, which became the dominant industry."<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> "The growing agricultural industry in the Cairns region provided the impetus for Cairns Chinatown to develop as Chinese men turned to support industries such as market gardening and shop keeping. They were not only ex-miners, but a growing number of immigrants arriving directly from China to take advantage of the agricultural boom. In 1886 the Chinese population accounted for 60% of all farmers and 90% of gardeners, that is 795 cultivators and gardeners."<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> As agricultural changes and the White Australia policy impacted the Chinese population of Cairns, including its once thriving Chinatown declined. A Police census stated the Chinese population of Cairns was 450 in 1909, a decrease of around 1,000 since 1901.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> "Grafton Street, Cairns was the historical site for Cairns Chinatown - the largest and longest running Chinese community outside Brisbane from the 1880s until the mid 1940s. Supporting a diverse population of Chinese settlers, entrepreneurs, women and families, ..."<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> "From the early 1880s when the Lily Creek Chinese camp moved into Sachs Street, Chinatown was a busy and thriving community. According to Cathie May, the social structure of the community was divided according to place of origin with storekeepers on the eastern side of Sachs Street predominantly Sze Yap, and Chung Shan storekeepers and merchants on the western side. Nearly all Chinese immigrants to Cairns were from Guangdong Province in the Southern Delta area of China. Most came from Loong Dou, a small distinct district in Chung Shan, with a smaller group from Sze Yap or the "Four Districts" in Toishan. Some also came from Sam Yap or "Three Districts." "<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> As the 20th century progressed the Cairns Chinatown declined. "Australian Born Chinese showed little interest in maintaining the Chinese enclave. Many were westernised having at least one European parent or grandparent, or had themselves grown up assimilated into the broader Cairns community through their experiences at school. Neither cultural tastes, nor race relations, provided an incentive for Australian born Chinese to remain living in Chinatown. The barriers causing racial residential segregation were removed and many families lived outside Chinatown."<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> The Cairns Parish of the Roman Catholic Vicariate Apostolic of Cooktown (now the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Cairns" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Cairns">Roman Catholic Diocese of Cairns</a>) was established in 1884.<a href="#cite_note-:2-20">[20]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queensland_State_Archives_2220_Selectors_Homestead_1897.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Queensland_State_Archives_2220_Selectors_Homestead_1897.png/220px-Queensland_State_Archives_2220_Selectors_Homestead_1897.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="518"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 158px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Queensland_State_Archives_2220_Selectors_Homestead_1897.png/220px-Queensland_State_Archives_2220_Selectors_Homestead_1897.png" data-width="220" data-height="158" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Queensland_State_Archives_2220_Selectors_Homestead_1897.png/330px-Queensland_State_Archives_2220_Selectors_Homestead_1897.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Queensland_State_Archives_2220_Selectors_Homestead_1897.png/440px-Queensland_State_Archives_2220_Selectors_Homestead_1897.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Farm in Cairns in 1897</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:StateLibQld_1_139085_State_Government_Building_at_Cairns,_ca._1936.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/StateLibQld_1_139085_State_Government_Building_at_Cairns%2C_ca._1936.jpg/220px-StateLibQld_1_139085_State_Government_Building_at_Cairns%2C_ca._1936.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="574"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 126px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/StateLibQld_1_139085_State_Government_Building_at_Cairns%2C_ca._1936.jpg/220px-StateLibQld_1_139085_State_Government_Building_at_Cairns%2C_ca._1936.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="126" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/StateLibQld_1_139085_State_Government_Building_at_Cairns%2C_ca._1936.jpg/330px-StateLibQld_1_139085_State_Government_Building_at_Cairns%2C_ca._1936.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/StateLibQld_1_139085_State_Government_Building_at_Cairns%2C_ca._1936.jpg/440px-StateLibQld_1_139085_State_Government_Building_at_Cairns%2C_ca._1936.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Cairns War Memorial, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1936</figcaption></figure> Debris from the construction of a railway to <a href="/wiki/Herberton,_Queensland" title="Herberton, Queensland">Herberton</a> on the Atherton Tableland, a project which started in 1886, was also used. The railway opened up land later used for agriculture on the lowlands (sugar cane, corn, rice, bananas, pineapples), and for fruit and dairy production on the Tableland. The success of local agriculture helped establish Cairns as a port, and the creation of a harbour board in 1906 supported its robust economic future.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> The Wharf Estate Cairns went on sale in Brisbane via auction on 19 February 1889 by John Macnamara & Co. Land Auctioneers. The land was part of the place known as the Railway Reserve. The sale was described by the Auctioneers as the 'largest ever yet held in Northern Queensland'.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> On 25 April 1926 (<a href="/wiki/ANZAC_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="ANZAC Day">ANZAC Day</a>), the Cairns Sailors and Soldiers War Memorial was unveiled by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Frederick_Draper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Frederick Draper (page does not exist)">Alexander Frederick Draper</a>, the mayor of the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Cairns" title="City of Cairns">City of Cairns</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> During World War II, the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied Forces</a> used Cairns as a staging base for operations in the Pacific,<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> with <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Air_Force" title="Royal Australian Air Force">Royal Australian Air Force</a> operational bases (now the airport), as well as a major military seaplane base, <a href="/wiki/Naval_Base_Cairns" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Base Cairns">Naval Base Cairns</a>, in Trinity Inlet, and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy" title="Royal Australian Navy">Royal Australian Navy</a> bases near the current wharf. Combat missions were flown out of Cairns in support of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Coral_Sea" title="Battle of the Coral Sea">Battle of the Coral Sea</a> in 1942. <a href="/wiki/Edmonton,_Queensland" title="Edmonton, Queensland">Edmonton</a> and <a href="/wiki/White_Rock,_Queensland_(Cairns_Region)" title="White Rock, Queensland (Cairns Region)">White Rock</a> south of Cairns were major military supply areas and U.S. <a href="/wiki/Paratrooper" title="Paratrooper">Paratroopers</a> trained at <a href="/wiki/Gordonvale" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordonvale">Gordonvale</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Goldsborough_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Goldsborough Valley">Goldsborough Valley</a>. A Special Forces training base was established at the old "<a href="/wiki/Fairview,_Cairns" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairview, Cairns">Fairview</a>" homestead on Munro's Hill, <a href="/wiki/Mooroobool,_Queensland" title="Mooroobool, Queensland">Mooroobool</a>. This base was officially known as the <a href="/wiki/Z_Experimental_Station" title="Z Experimental Station">Z Experimental Station</a>, but referred to informally as "The House on the Hill".<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> After World War II, Cairns gradually developed into a centre for tourism. The opening of the <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Airport" title="Cairns Airport">Cairns International Airport</a> in 1984 helped establish the city as a desirable destination for <a href="/wiki/International_tourism" title="International tourism">international tourism</a> particularly from the emerging Japanese market.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Demographics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> In the <a href="/wiki/2016_Australian_census" title="2016 Australian census">2016 census</a>, the urban area of Cairns had a population of 144,730 people.<a href="#cite_note-Census2016-31">[31]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/2021_Australian_census" title="2021 Australian census">2021 census</a>, the urban area of Cairns had a population of 153,181 people.<a href="#cite_note-Census2021-1">[1]</a> <ul><li>Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 9.7% of the population.<a href="#cite_note-Census2021-1">[1]</a></li> <li>68.2% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 4.0%, New Zealand 2.9%, Papua New Guinea 1.5%, Philippines 1.3% and India 1.2%.<a href="#cite_note-Census2021-1">[1]</a></li> <li>76.1% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Japanese 1.5%, Nepali 0.7%, Mandarin 0.7%, Punjabi 0.6%, and Creole languages 0.6%.<a href="#cite_note-Census2021-1">[1]</a></li> <li>The most common responses for religion were No Religion 41.9%, Catholic 19.7%, Not stated 10.1%, Anglican 9.8%, other Christian 2.8%.<a href="#cite_note-Census2021-1">[1]</a></li></ul> Due to Far North Queensland's close proximity to <a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a>, the region has a large number of people of <a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesian</a> origin. Cairns notably has a large <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinean_Australians" title="Papua New Guinean Australians">Papua New Guineans</a> community. Approximately 10,000 <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guineans" class="mw-redirect" title="Papua New Guineans">Papua New Guineans</a> live in Cairns, more than anywhere outside of <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> itself.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Glass_floor_wide_shot_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Glass_floor_wide_shot_2.jpg/220px-Glass_floor_wide_shot_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="787"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Glass_floor_wide_shot_2.jpg/220px-Glass_floor_wide_shot_2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Glass_floor_wide_shot_2.jpg/330px-Glass_floor_wide_shot_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Glass_floor_wide_shot_2.jpg/440px-Glass_floor_wide_shot_2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Skyrail_Rainforest_Cableway" title="Skyrail Rainforest Cableway">Skyrail Rainforest Cableway</a> goes over the rainforest and is one of the city's main tourist attractions.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goldsbrough.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Goldsbrough.jpg/220px-Goldsbrough.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Goldsbrough.jpg/220px-Goldsbrough.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Goldsbrough.jpg/330px-Goldsbrough.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Goldsbrough.jpg/440px-Goldsbrough.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The Mulgrave River running through the Goldsbrough Valley to the south of Gordonvale</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fruit_bats,_Cairns.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Fruit_bats%2C_Cairns.JPG/220px-Fruit_bats%2C_Cairns.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Fruit_bats%2C_Cairns.JPG/220px-Fruit_bats%2C_Cairns.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Fruit_bats%2C_Cairns.JPG/330px-Fruit_bats%2C_Cairns.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Fruit_bats%2C_Cairns.JPG/440px-Fruit_bats%2C_Cairns.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Fruit bats hanging from a mango tree, central Cairns</figcaption></figure> Cairns is located on the east coast of <a href="/wiki/Cape_York_Peninsula" title="Cape York Peninsula">Cape York Peninsula</a> on a coastal strip between the <a href="/wiki/Coral_Sea" title="Coral Sea">Coral Sea</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Dividing_Range" title="Great Dividing Range">Great Dividing Range</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> The northern part of the city is located on <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Bay_(Queensland)" title="Trinity Bay (Queensland)">Trinity Bay</a> and the city centre is located on <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Inlet" title="Trinity Inlet">Trinity Inlet</a>. To the south of the Trinity Inlet lies the <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australian" class="mw-redirect" title="Aboriginal Australian">Aboriginal</a> community of <a href="/wiki/Yarrabah" class="mw-redirect" title="Yarrabah">Yarrabah</a>. Some of the city's suburbs are located on flood plains. The <a href="/wiki/Mulgrave_River" title="Mulgrave River">Mulgrave River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barron_River_(Queensland)" title="Barron River (Queensland)">Barron River</a> flow within the greater Cairns area but not through the <a href="/wiki/Cairns_CBD" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns CBD">Cairns CBD</a>. The city's centre foreshore is located on a mud flat. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urban_layout">Urban layout</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Urban layout" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Esplanade,_Cairns,_2015_(01).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2801%29.JPG/220px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2801%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3792" data-file-height="2133"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2801%29.JPG/220px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2801%29.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2801%29.JPG/330px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2801%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2801%29.JPG/440px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2801%29.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>City centre of Cairns</figcaption></figure> Cairns is a provincial city, with a linear urban layout that runs from the south at Edmonton to the north at <a href="/wiki/Ellis_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellis Beach">Ellis Beach</a>. The city is approximately 52 km (32 mi) from north to south; it has experienced a recent <a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">urban sprawl</a>, with suburbs occupying land once used for sugar cane farming. The Northern Beaches consist of a number of beach communities extending north along the coast. In general, each beach suburb is at the end of a spur road extending from the <a href="/wiki/Captain_Cook_Highway" title="Captain Cook Highway">Captain Cook Highway</a>. From south to north, these are <a href="/wiki/Machans_Beach,_Queensland" title="Machans Beach, Queensland">Machans Beach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holloways_Beach,_Queensland" title="Holloways Beach, Queensland">Holloways Beach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yorkeys_Knob,_Queensland" title="Yorkeys Knob, Queensland">Yorkeys Knob</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Park,_Queensland" title="Trinity Park, Queensland">Trinity Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Beach,_Queensland" title="Trinity Beach, Queensland">Trinity Beach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kewarra_Beach,_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Kewarra Beach, Queensland">Kewarra Beach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clifton_Beach,_Queensland" title="Clifton Beach, Queensland">Clifton Beach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palm_Cove,_Queensland" title="Palm Cove, Queensland">Palm Cove</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ellis_Beach,_Queensland" title="Ellis Beach, Queensland">Ellis Beach</a>. The suburb of <a href="/wiki/Smithfield,_Queensland" title="Smithfield, Queensland">Smithfield</a> is inland against the mountains of the Great Dividing Range, between Yorkeys Knob and Trinity Park. It serves as the main hub for the Northern Beaches, with a modern shopping arcade, called Smithfield Shopping Centre. South of Smithfield and inland from the Northern Beaches along the edge of the Barron River <a href="/wiki/Flood_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Flood plain">flood plain</a> are the suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Caravonica,_Queensland" title="Caravonica, Queensland">Caravonica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamerunga,_Queensland" title="Kamerunga, Queensland">Kamerunga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freshwater,_Queensland" title="Freshwater, Queensland">Freshwater</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Stratford,_Queensland" title="Stratford, Queensland">Stratford</a>. This area is sometimes referred to as Freshwater Valley, though it is actually the lower part of Redlynch Valley; further up the valley are the suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Redlynch,_Queensland" title="Redlynch, Queensland">Redlynch</a>, on the western side of Redlynch Valley, and <a href="/wiki/Brinsmead,_Queensland" title="Brinsmead, Queensland">Brinsmead</a> on the eastern side. Stratford, Freshwater, and Brinsmead are separated from Cairns city by Mount Whitfield (elevation 365 m (1,198 ft)) and Whitfield Range. <a href="/wiki/Crystal_Cascades" title="Crystal Cascades">Crystal Cascades</a> and <a href="/wiki/Copperlode_Falls_Dam" title="Copperlode Falls Dam">Copperlode Falls Dam</a> are also behind this range. (<a href="/wiki/Kuranda,_Queensland" title="Kuranda, Queensland">Kuranda</a>, a town on the Barron River on the western side of the Macalister Range, forms part of the Cairns economic catchment but is in the <a href="/wiki/Tablelands_Region" title="Tablelands Region">Tablelands local government</a> area and is not part of the Cairns urban area.) The <a href="/wiki/Cairns_CBD" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns CBD">city centre of Cairns</a> is adjacent to the suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Cairns_North" title="Cairns North">Cairns North</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Parramatta_Park,_Queensland" title="Parramatta Park, Queensland">Parramatta Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bungalow,_Queensland" title="Bungalow, Queensland">Bungalow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portsmith" title="Portsmith">Portsmith</a>, and close to <a href="/wiki/Westcourt,_Queensland" title="Westcourt, Queensland">Westcourt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manunda,_Queensland" title="Manunda, Queensland">Manunda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manoora,_Queensland" title="Manoora, Queensland">Manoora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edge_Hill,_Queensland" title="Edge Hill, Queensland">Edge Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whitfield,_Queensland" title="Whitfield, Queensland">Whitfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanimbla,_Queensland" title="Kanimbla, Queensland">Kanimbla</a>, City View, <a href="/wiki/Mooroobool,_Queensland" title="Mooroobool, Queensland">Mooroobool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Earlville,_Queensland" title="Earlville, Queensland">Earlville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woree,_Queensland" title="Woree, Queensland">Woree</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bayview_Heights,_Queensland" title="Bayview Heights, Queensland">Bayview Heights</a>. The small suburb of <a href="/wiki/Aeroglen,_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeroglen, Queensland">Aeroglen</a> is pressed between Mount Whitfield and the airport, on the Captain Cook Highway between <a href="/wiki/Cairns_North,_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns North, Queensland">Cairns North</a> and Stratford. Southside Cairns, situated in a narrow area between <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Inlet" title="Trinity Inlet">Trinity Inlet</a> to the east and Lamb Range to the west, includes the suburbs of <a href="/wiki/White_Rock,_Queensland_(Cairns_Region)" title="White Rock, Queensland (Cairns Region)">White Rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Sheridan,_Queensland" title="Mount Sheridan, Queensland">Mount Sheridan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bentley_Park,_Queensland" title="Bentley Park, Queensland">Bentley Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edmonton,_Queensland" title="Edmonton, Queensland">Edmonton</a>. The townships of <a href="/wiki/Goldsborough,_Queensland" title="Goldsborough, Queensland">Goldsborough</a>, <a href="/wiki/Little_Mulgrave,_Queensland" title="Little Mulgrave, Queensland">Little Mulgrave</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Aloomba,_Queensland" title="Aloomba, Queensland">Aloomba</a> are near <a href="/wiki/Gordonvale,_Queensland" title="Gordonvale, Queensland">Gordonvale</a>, on the Mulgrave River. This area is serviced by the <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Highway" title="Bruce Highway">Bruce Highway</a>. Several other small towns and communities within Cairns's jurisdiction are sparsely located along the Bruce Highway, the furthest being <a href="/wiki/Bramston_Beach,_Queensland" title="Bramston Beach, Queensland">Bramston Beach</a>, 81 km (50 mi) south of the <a href="/wiki/Cairns_CBD" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns CBD">Cairns CBD</a>; the largest of these townships is <a href="/wiki/Babinda" title="Babinda">Babinda</a>, about 60 km (37 mi) from the city. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Climate" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Children_on_tropical_beach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Children_on_tropical_beach.jpg/220px-Children_on_tropical_beach.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Children_on_tropical_beach.jpg/220px-Children_on_tropical_beach.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Children_on_tropical_beach.jpg/330px-Children_on_tropical_beach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Children_on_tropical_beach.jpg/440px-Children_on_tropical_beach.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Tropical beach in Cairns</figcaption></figure> Cairns experiences a <a href="/wiki/Tropics" title="Tropics">tropical</a> <a href="/wiki/Climate" title="Climate">climate</a>, specifically a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_monsoon_climate" title="Tropical monsoon climate">tropical monsoon climate</a> (Am) under the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Wet_season" title="Wet season">wet season</a> with heavy <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoonal</a> downpours runs from November to May, with a relatively <a href="/wiki/Dry_season" title="Dry season">dry season</a> from June to October, though light showers occur during this period.<a href="#cite_note-CoC-36">[36]</a> Cairns's mean annual rainfall is just under 2,000 millimetres (79 in), although monthly totals in the wet season from December to April can exceed 1,000 mm (39 in), with the highest monthly rainfall being recorded in January 1981, when over 1,417.4 mm (55.80 in) of rain fell.<a href="#cite_note-ave-37">[37]</a> In contrast, as little as 721 millimetres or 28.39 inches fell in the record dry calendar year of 2002. Cairns has hot, humid summers and very warm winters.<a href="#cite_note-CoC-36">[36]</a> Mean maximum temperatures vary from 26.2 °C (79.2 °F) in July to 31.7 °C (89.1 °F) in January. <a href="/wiki/Australian_monsoon" title="Australian monsoon">Monsoonal activity</a> during the wet season occasionally causes major <a href="/wiki/Flooding" class="mw-redirect" title="Flooding">flooding</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Barron_River_(Queensland)" title="Barron River (Queensland)">Barron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mulgrave_River" title="Mulgrave River">Mulgrave</a> Rivers, cutting off-road and rail access to the city. Cairns has 97.0 clear days, annually. Dewpoint in the wet season (summer) averages at 23 °C (73 °F). The average temperature of the sea ranges from 23.8 °C (74.8 °F) in July to 29.4 °C (84.9 °F) in January.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Cairns (16º52'12"S, 145º45'00"E, 2 m AMSL) (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1942-2024) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF0700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.4 (104.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.0 (104.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.7 (99.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.8 (98.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3 (88.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8 (87.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1 (86.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4 (88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF3400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.9 (93.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0 (96.8) </td> <td style="background: #EF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.6 (108.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.5 (104.9) </td> <td style="background: #EF0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">42.6 (108.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.7 (89.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5 (88.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.9 (87.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.6 (85.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.0 (82.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6 (79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2 (79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.0 (80.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7 (83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.9 (85.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.1 (88.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.8 (89.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">29.4 (85.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0 (75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1 (75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4 (74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0 (71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1 (68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5 (65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2 (63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3 (63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8 (65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8 (69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5 (72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7 (74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.0 (69.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2 (64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9 (64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7 (63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0 (55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 (50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 (43.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 (45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 (46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3 (48.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.4 (54.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6 (58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.1 (62.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.2 (43.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">388.7 (15.30) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">475.5 (18.72) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">367.4 (14.46) </td> <td style="background: #00EB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178.1 (7.01) </td> <td style="background: #86FF86; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.0 (3.19) </td> <td style="background: #BDFFBD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.6 (1.68) </td> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.5 (1.40) </td> <td style="background: #D7FFD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6 (1.05) </td> <td style="background: #D3FFD3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4 (1.12) </td> <td style="background: #A0FFA0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.4 (2.50) </td> <td style="background: #7BFF7B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.1 (3.35) </td> <td style="background: #00E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">185.9 (7.32) </td> <td style="background: #07FF07; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,958.1 (77.09) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) </th> <td style="background: #3939FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.0 </td> <td style="background: #2A2AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.7 </td> <td style="background: #4444FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.1 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.4 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #A3A3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2 </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7 </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 </td> <td style="background: #9595FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #7878FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">118.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average afternoon <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #2424FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">57 </td> <td style="background: #2828FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55 </td> <td style="background: #2424FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">57 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #1111FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">62 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9 (73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6 (74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9 (71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4 (68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5 (65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7 (62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.1 (59.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3 (59.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7 (62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5 (65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3 (68.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9 (71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">19.3 (66.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">213.9 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">175.2 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">204.6 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">210.0 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">220.1 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">210.0 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">232.5 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">251.1 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">270.0 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">279.0 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">258.0 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">241.8 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,766.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFFF43; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF47; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF78; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF78; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF68; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">63 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Meteorology" title="Bureau of Meteorology">Bureau of Meteorology</a> (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1942-2024)<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tropical_cyclones">Tropical cyclones</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tropical cyclones" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Like most of North and Far North Queensland, Cairns is prone to tropical cyclones, usually forming between November and May. Cyclones that have affected the Cairns region include: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Jasper" title="Cyclone Jasper">Cyclone Jasper</a>, 2023</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Yasi" title="Cyclone Yasi">Cyclone Yasi</a>, 2011</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Larry" title="Cyclone Larry">Cyclone Larry</a>, 2006</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severe_Tropical_Cyclone_Abigail_(2001)" class="mw-redirect" title="Severe Tropical Cyclone Abigail (2001)">Cyclone Abigail</a>, 2001</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Steve" title="Cyclone Steve">Cyclone Steve</a>, 2000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Rona" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyclone Rona">Cyclone Rona</a>, 1999</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Justin" title="Cyclone Justin">Cyclone Justin</a>, 1997</li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Jasper" title="Cyclone Jasper">Cyclone Jasper</a> in December 2023 caused record flooding. The <a href="/wiki/Barron_River_(Queensland)" title="Barron River (Queensland)">Barron River</a> exceeded the March 1977 record of 3.8 metres (12 ft), making it the worst flooding event in Cairns since records began in 1915.<a href="#cite_note-abc-cairns-record-15-dec-23-41">[41]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Facilities">Facilities</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Facilities" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> The City Library, operated by the <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Regional_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns Regional Council">Cairns Regional Council</a>, opened in 1979<a href="#cite_note-:0-42">[42]</a> and is situated at 151 Abbott Street.<a href="#cite_note-:1-43">[43]</a> A major refurbishment was undertaken in 1999 and a further minor refurbishment was implemented in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-:0-42">[42]</a> Public accessible wifi is available.<a href="#cite_note-:1-43">[43]</a> Current Library services and collections can be accessed from the Cairns Libraries website.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="Heritage_listings">Heritage listings</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Heritage listings" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> Cairns has a number of <a href="/wiki/Heritage-listed" class="mw-redirect" title="Heritage-listed">heritage-listed</a> sites, including: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cairns-to-Kuranda_railway_line" title="Cairns-to-Kuranda railway line">Cairns-to-Kuranda railway line</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></li> <li>Abbott Street: <a href="/wiki/Dr_EA_Koch_Memorial" title="Dr EA Koch Memorial">Dr EA Koch Memorial</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Abbott Street: <a href="/wiki/Barrier_Reef_Hotel" title="Barrier Reef Hotel">Barrier Reef Hotel</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Abbott Street: <a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_House,_Cairns" title="Bishop's House, Cairns">Bishop's House</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Abbott Street: <a href="/wiki/St_Monica%27s_High_School_Administration_Building" title="St Monica's High School Administration Building">St Monica's High School Administration Building</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></li> <li>6A–8A Abbott Street: former <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Customs_House" title="Cairns Customs House">Cairns Customs House</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></li> <li>38–40 Abbott Street: <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Court_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns Court House">Cairns Court House</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></li> <li>151 Abbott Street: <a href="/wiki/Cairns_City_Council_Chambers" title="Cairns City Council Chambers">Cairns City Council Chambers</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a></li> <li>179 Abbott Street: <a href="/wiki/St_Joseph%27s_Convent,_Cairns" title="St Joseph's Convent, Cairns">St Joseph's Convent</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></li> <li>183 Abbott Street: <a href="/wiki/St_Monica%27s_War_Memorial_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="St Monica's War Memorial Cathedral">St Monica's War Memorial Cathedral</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></li> <li>Collins Avenue, Edge Hill: <a href="/wiki/Flecker_Botanical_Gardens" title="Flecker Botanical Gardens">Flecker Botanical Gardens</a></li> <li>Collins Avenue, Edge Hill: <a href="/wiki/WWII_RAN_Fuel_Installation" class="mw-redirect" title="WWII RAN Fuel Installation">WWII RAN Fuel Installation</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a></li> <li>Grafton Street: <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Control_Room" title="Cairns Control Room">Cairns Control Room</a>, World War II Volunteer Defence Corps<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></li> <li>99 Grafton Street: former <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Chinatown" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns Chinatown">Cairns Chinatown</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a></li> <li>28D Grove Street, Parramatta Park: <a href="/wiki/Grove_Street_Pensioners%27_Cottages" title="Grove Street Pensioners' Cottages">Grove Street Pensioners' Cottages</a><a href="#cite_note-qhr2-58">[58]</a></li> <li>Lake Street: <a href="/wiki/Bolands_Centre" title="Bolands Centre">Bolands Centre</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a></li> <li>37 Lake Street: former <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Steamship_Co_Ltd_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelaide Steamship Co Ltd Building">Adelaide Steamship Co Ltd Building</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a></li> <li>39–49 Lake Street: former <a href="/wiki/Central_Hotel,_Cairns" title="Central Hotel, Cairns">Central Hotel</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a></li> <li>87 Lake Street: <a href="/wiki/Hides_Hotel" title="Hides Hotel">Hides Hotel</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a></li> <li>93–105 Lake Street: former <a href="/wiki/Cairns_School_of_Arts" title="Cairns School of Arts">School of Arts</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a></li> <li>399 Kamerunga Road, Redlynch: <a href="/wiki/Xavier_and_Sadie_Herbert%27s_Cottage" title="Xavier and Sadie Herbert's Cottage">Xavier and Sadie Herbert's Cottage</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></li> <li>127–145 McLeod Street, Cairns North: <a href="/wiki/McLeod_Street_Pioneer_Cemetery" title="McLeod Street Pioneer Cemetery">McLeod Street Pioneer Cemetery</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a></li> <li>180 McLeod, Cairns North: <a href="/wiki/Herries_Private_Hospital" title="Herries Private Hospital">Herries Private Hospital</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a></li> <li>Minnie Street: <a href="/wiki/St_Monica%27s_Old_Cathedral,_Cairns" title="St Monica's Old Cathedral, Cairns">St Monica's Old Cathedral</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></li> <li>8 Minnie Street: <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Masonic_Temple" title="Cairns Masonic Temple">Cairns Masonic Temple</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a></li> <li>Sheridan Street, Cairns North: <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Technical_College_and_High_School_Building" title="Cairns Technical College and High School Building">Cairns Technical College and High School Building</a><a href="#cite_note-qhr-69">[69]</a></li> <li>The Esplanade: <a href="/wiki/Cairns_War_Memorial" title="Cairns War Memorial">Cairns War Memorial</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a></li> <li>51 The Esplanade: former <a href="/wiki/Mulgrave_Shire_Council_Chambers" title="Mulgrave Shire Council Chambers">Mulgrave Shire Council Chambers</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a></li> <li>183–185 The Esplanade, Cairns North: <a href="/wiki/Floriana,_Cairns" title="Floriana, Cairns">Floriana</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a></li> <li>Wharf Street: <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Wharf_Complex" title="Cairns Wharf Complex">Cairns Wharf Complex</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a></li> <li>29 Wharf Street: former <a href="/wiki/Jack_and_Newell_Building" title="Jack and Newell Building">Jack and Newell Building</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Governance" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Australia,_Queensland,_Cairns,_The_Lagoon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Australia%2C_Queensland%2C_Cairns%2C_The_Lagoon.jpg/220px-Australia%2C_Queensland%2C_Cairns%2C_The_Lagoon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="47" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="12445" data-file-height="2665"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 47px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Australia%2C_Queensland%2C_Cairns%2C_The_Lagoon.jpg/220px-Australia%2C_Queensland%2C_Cairns%2C_The_Lagoon.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="47" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Australia%2C_Queensland%2C_Cairns%2C_The_Lagoon.jpg/330px-Australia%2C_Queensland%2C_Cairns%2C_The_Lagoon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Australia%2C_Queensland%2C_Cairns%2C_The_Lagoon.jpg/440px-Australia%2C_Queensland%2C_Cairns%2C_The_Lagoon.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The Lagoon on the Cairns Esplanade on the left, separated by the boardwalk from the ocean on the right, at low tide</figcaption></figure> Cairns is part of the <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Region" title="Cairns Region">Cairns Region</a> <a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_Queensland" title="Local government areas of Queensland">local government area</a> which is governed by a Regional Council. The Council consists of a directly elected mayor and 9 councillors, elected from 9 single-member divisions (or wards) using an optional <a href="/wiki/Ranked_voting_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranked voting systems">preferential voting</a> system. Elections are held every four years.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> The Cairns Region consists of three former local government areas. The first was the original <a href="/wiki/City_of_Cairns" title="City of Cairns">City of Cairns</a>, consisting of the Cairns City region as listed above. The second, which was amalgamated in 1995, was the <a href="/wiki/Shire_of_Mulgrave_(Queensland)" title="Shire of Mulgrave (Queensland)">Shire of Mulgrave</a> (comprising the other areas, namely the Northern Beaches, Redlynch Valley and Southside). The town of Gordonvale was once called Nelson. The third area is the <a href="/wiki/Shire_of_Douglas" title="Shire of Douglas">Shire of Douglas</a>, which amalgamated in 2008 during major statewide local government reforms and then de-amalgamated in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> At the time of the 1995 amalgamation, Cairns City had a population of approximately 40,000 and Mulgrave Shire had a population of approximately 60,000. Both local government authorities had chambers in the Cairns <a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">CBD</a>. The old Cairns City Council chambers has been converted into a new city library. In a controversial decision,<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> new Council chambers were constructed on previously contaminated land in the mainly industrial suburb of Portsmith. Cairns has three representatives in the <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Queensland Parliament">Queensland Parliament</a>, from the electoral districts of <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Barron_River" title="Electoral district of Barron River">Barron River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Cairns" title="Electoral district of Cairns">Cairns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mulgrave_(Queensland)" title="Electoral district of Mulgrave (Queensland)">Mulgrave</a>. The city is represented in the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Federal Parliament</a> by representatives elected from the districts of <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Leichhardt" title="Division of Leichhardt">Leichhardt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Kennedy" title="Division of Kennedy">Kennedy</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#bdb76b;"> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Cairns_Region" title="Cairns Region">Cairns Regional Council</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">Division</td> <td style="text-align:center">Councillor</td> <td style="text-align:center">Councillor </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Cairns" title="List of mayors of Cairns">Mayor</a></td> <td>Harry Cozens</td> <td>Team Eden </td></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Brett Moller</td> <td>Unity Team </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>Matthew Tickner</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>Cathy Zeiger</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>Trevor Tim</td> <td>Team Eden </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>Rob Pyne</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>Kristy Vallely</td> <td>Unity Team </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>Anna Middleton</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>Rhonda Coghlan</td> <td>Unity Team </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>Brett Olds</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#bdb76b;"> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Queensland">Queensland</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">District</td> <td style="text-align:center">Member of Parliament</td> <td style="text-align:center">Party</td> <td style="text-align:center">Term </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Barron_River" title="Electoral district of Barron River">Barron River</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Craig_Crawford_(politician)" title="Craig Crawford (politician)">Craig Crawford</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(Queensland_Branch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Labor Party (Queensland Branch)">Labor</a></td> <td>2015– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Cairns" title="Electoral district of Cairns">Cairns</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Healy_(politician)" title="Michael Healy (politician)">Michael Healy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(Queensland_Branch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Labor Party (Queensland Branch)">Labor</a></td> <td>2017– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mulgrave_(Queensland)" title="Electoral district of Mulgrave (Queensland)">Mulgrave</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Pitt" title="Curtis Pitt">Curtis Pitt</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(Queensland_Branch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Labor Party (Queensland Branch)">Labor</a></td> <td>2009– </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background:#bdb76b;"> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Australia">Australia</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">Division</td> <td style="text-align:center">Member of Parliament</td> <td style="text-align:center">Party</td> <td style="text-align:center">Term </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Division_of_Kennedy" title="Division of Kennedy">Kennedy</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bob_Katter" title="Bob Katter">Bob Katter</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Katter%27s_Australian_Party" title="Katter's Australian Party">Katter's Australian</a></td> <td>1993– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Division_of_Leichhardt" title="Division of Leichhardt">Leichhardt</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warren_Entsch" title="Warren Entsch">Warren Entsch</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_National_Party_of_Queensland" title="Liberal National Party of Queensland">Liberal National</a></td> <td>2010– </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Economy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns_night.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Cairns_night.JPG/220px-Cairns_night.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2231" data-file-height="1085"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 107px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Cairns_night.JPG/220px-Cairns_night.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="107" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Cairns_night.JPG/330px-Cairns_night.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Cairns_night.JPG/440px-Cairns_night.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Cairns at night; the wharves. The casino's dome can be seen in the background.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns_Esplanade_-_Pier_(Shangrila_Hotel).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Cairns_Esplanade_-_Pier_%28Shangrila_Hotel%29.jpg/220px-Cairns_Esplanade_-_Pier_%28Shangrila_Hotel%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2254" data-file-height="1403"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 137px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Cairns_Esplanade_-_Pier_%28Shangrila_Hotel%29.jpg/220px-Cairns_Esplanade_-_Pier_%28Shangrila_Hotel%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="137" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Cairns_Esplanade_-_Pier_%28Shangrila_Hotel%29.jpg/330px-Cairns_Esplanade_-_Pier_%28Shangrila_Hotel%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Cairns_Esplanade_-_Pier_%28Shangrila_Hotel%29.jpg/440px-Cairns_Esplanade_-_Pier_%28Shangrila_Hotel%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Cairns Pier</figcaption></figure> Cairns serves as the major commercial centre for the Far North Queensland and Cape York Peninsula Regions. It is a base for the regional offices of various government departments. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Tourism" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Tourism plays a major part in the Cairns <a href="/wiki/Economic_system" title="Economic system">economy</a>. According to <a href="/wiki/Tourism_Australia" title="Tourism Australia">Tourism Australia</a>, the Cairns region is the fourth-most-popular destination for international tourists in Australia after Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> While the city does not rank amongst Australia's top 10 destinations for domestic tourism, it attracts a significant number of Australian holiday makers despite its distance from major capitals.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> There is also a growing interest in Cairns from the Chinese leisure market with regular scheduled direct flights from Chinese cities such as Shanghai and Guangzhou. During the 2013 Chinese Lunar New Year period alone, Cairns saw 20,000 Chinese holidaymakers flying in on chartered flights.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The city is near the <a href="/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef" title="Great Barrier Reef">Great Barrier Reef</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Wet_Tropics_of_Queensland" title="Wet Tropics of Queensland">Wet Tropics of Queensland</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Atherton_Tableland" title="Atherton Tableland">Atherton Tableland</a>. Great Barrier Reef tours that operate from Cairns are very popular and hence Cairns is also considered as the gateway to Great Barrier Reef. The Cairns <a href="/wiki/Esplanade" title="Esplanade">esplanade</a> includes a swimming lagoon with adjoining barbecue areas. Cairns Esplanade Lagoon opened in March 2003.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Though initially controversial, the 4800-square-metre pool has proved a very popular local attraction since its opening. In May 2003, the then Cairns Mayor <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Byrne_(mayor)" title="Kevin Byrne (mayor)">Kevin Byrne</a> declared that <a href="/wiki/Toplessness" title="Toplessness">topless</a> sunbathing is permitted here.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> Many leisure activities are conducted in this area, including flea market, sports classes and many more. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercial">Commercial</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Commercial" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Several shopping centres of various sizes are located throughout Cairns. The largest of these are <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Central" title="Cairns Central">Cairns Central</a> shopping centre, located in the central business district (CBD), and Stockland Cairns, located in the suburb of Earlville. In Westcourt, one of the city's oldest shopping centres has been refurbished, with the city's first <a href="/wiki/Direct_Factory_Outlets" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct Factory Outlets">DFO</a>.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> To service the needs of suburbs further from the city centre, shopping complexes are also located at Mount Sheridan, Redlynch, Smithfield, and Clifton Beach. In 2010, the state government opened the second stage of William McCormack Place, an A$80 million office building credited as the first 6-star <a href="/wiki/Green_Star_(Australia)" title="Green Star (Australia)">green star-rated</a> building in the city.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Media" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns_Post_-_Premises_2016_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Cairns_Post_-_Premises_2016_%282%29.jpg/220px-Cairns_Post_-_Premises_2016_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2605" data-file-height="1465"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Cairns_Post_-_Premises_2016_%282%29.jpg/220px-Cairns_Post_-_Premises_2016_%282%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Cairns_Post_-_Premises_2016_%282%29.jpg/330px-Cairns_Post_-_Premises_2016_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Cairns_Post_-_Premises_2016_%282%29.jpg/440px-Cairns_Post_-_Premises_2016_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Premises of The Cairns Post on Abbott Street (2016)</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/The_Cairns_Post" title="The Cairns Post">The Cairns Post</a>, published by <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Rupert Murdoch</a>'s <a href="/wiki/News_Corp_Australia" title="News Corp Australia">News Corp.</a> is the main daily newspaper published in the city. Widely available are also <a href="/wiki/The_Courier-Mail" title="The Courier-Mail">The Courier-Mail</a>, a daily newspaper published in Brisbane, and the national <a href="/wiki/Broadsheet" title="Broadsheet">broadsheet</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Australian" title="The Australian">The Australian</a>, which both are also published by News Corp. Cairns is served by five television stations, three commercial television stations (<a href="/wiki/WIN_Television" title="WIN Television">WIN Television</a>, <a href="/wiki/STQ" title="STQ">Seven Queensland</a> and <a href="/wiki/10_(Southern_Cross_Austereo)" title="10 (Southern Cross Austereo)">Southern Cross 10</a>) which are regional affiliates of the <a href="/wiki/Television_broadcasting_in_Australia" title="Television broadcasting in Australia">three Australian commercial television</a> networks (<a href="/wiki/Network_10" title="Network 10">10</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seven_Network" title="Seven Network">Seven</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nine_Network" title="Nine Network">Nine</a>), and public broadcasters the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation">ABC</a> and <a href="/wiki/Special_Broadcasting_Service" title="Special Broadcasting Service">SBS</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> services. All three main commercial networks produce local news coverage – <a href="/wiki/STQ#News" title="STQ">Seven Queensland</a> and <a href="/wiki/WIN_News#Queensland" title="WIN News">WIN Television</a> both air 30-minute local news bulletins at 6pm each weeknight, produced from newsrooms in the city but broadcast from studios in <a href="/wiki/Maroochydore" title="Maroochydore">Maroochydore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wollongong" title="Wollongong">Wollongong</a> respectively. Southern Cross 10 airs regional <a href="/wiki/10_News_First" title="10 News First">10 News First</a> updates throughout the day, broadcast from <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a>. Cairns radio stations include a number of public, commercial and community broadcasters. The ABC broadcasts <a href="/wiki/ABC_Far_North" title="ABC Far North">ABC Far North</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio_National" title="Radio National">ABC Radio National</a>, <a href="/wiki/ABC_NewsRadio" title="ABC NewsRadio">ABC NewsRadio</a>, <a href="/wiki/ABC_Classic" title="ABC Classic">ABC Classic FM</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Triple_J" title="Triple J">Triple J</a> youth network. Commercial radio stations include <a href="/wiki/Star_102.7" title="Star 102.7">Star 102.7</a>, 4CA 846 AM, <a href="/wiki/Hot_FM_(Australian_radio_network)" title="Hot FM (Australian radio network)">Hot FM</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Hit_Network" title="Hit Network">Hit Network</a>), <a href="/wiki/Sea_FM" title="Sea FM">Sea FM</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Triple_M" title="Triple M">Triple M</a>) and 104.3 <a href="/wiki/RadioTAB" title="RadioTAB">4TAB</a> sports radio, while the community radio stations are 4CCR-FM (Cairns FM 89.1), 101.9 Coast FM, <a href="/wiki/Vision_Christian_Radio" title="Vision Christian Radio">Vision Christian Radio</a>, Orbit FM 88.0FM & 87.8FM and 4CIM 98.7FM (Bumma Bippera Media). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry_and_agriculture">Industry and agriculture</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Industry and agriculture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The land around Cairns is still used for <a href="/wiki/Sugar_cane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar cane">sugar cane</a> farming, although this land is increasingly under pressure from new suburbs as the city grows. The <a href="/wiki/Mulgrave_Sugar_Mill" title="Mulgrave Sugar Mill">Mulgrave Sugar Mill</a> is located in Gordonvale (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cairns&params=17.0929_S_145.7889_E_type:landmark_region:AU-QLD&title=Mulgrave+Sugar+Mill">17°05′34″S 145°47′20″E / 17.0929°S 145.7889°E / -17.0929; 145.7889 (Mulgrave Sugar Mill)</a>).<a href="#cite_note-:3-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Barron_Gorge_Hydroelectric_Power_Station" title="Barron Gorge Hydroelectric Power Station">Barron Gorge Hydroelectric Power Station</a> is located nearby on the lower <a href="/wiki/Barron_River_(Queensland)" title="Barron River (Queensland)">Barron River</a>, and provides <a href="/wiki/Green_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Green power">green power</a>. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Transport" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> Cairns is an important transport hub in the Far North Queensland region. Located at the base of Cape York Peninsula, it provides important transport links between the Peninsula and <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Carpentaria" title="Gulf of Carpentaria">Gulf of Carpentaria</a> regions, and the areas to the south of the state. <a href="/wiki/Cairns_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns International Airport">Cairns International Airport</a> is essential to the viability of the area's tourism industry. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Roads" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Forestgardens.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Forestgardens.png/220px-Forestgardens.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="345"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 91px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Forestgardens.png/220px-Forestgardens.png" data-width="220" data-height="91" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Forestgardens.png/330px-Forestgardens.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Forestgardens.png/440px-Forestgardens.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Highway" title="Bruce Highway">Bruce Highway</a> in Cairns southern suburbs at morning <a href="/wiki/Peak_hour" class="mw-redirect" title="Peak hour">peak hour</a>.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Highway" title="Bruce Highway">Bruce Highway</a> runs for 1,700 km (1,056 mi) from <a href="/wiki/Bald_Hills,_Queensland" title="Bald Hills, Queensland">Bald Hills</a> on the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Brisbane" title="City of Brisbane">City of Brisbane's</a> northern boundary, and terminates in <a href="/wiki/Woree,_Queensland" title="Woree, Queensland">Woree</a>, a southern suburb in Cairns. The <a href="/wiki/Captain_Cook_Highway" title="Captain Cook Highway">Captain Cook Highway</a> (also referred as the Cook Highway) commences at <a href="/wiki/Aeroglen,_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeroglen, Queensland">Aeroglen</a>, a northern suburb of Cairns, and runs for approximately 76 km (47 mi) northwest to <a href="/wiki/Mossman,_Queensland" title="Mossman, Queensland">Mossman</a>.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> A need for future upgrades to the Bruce Highway to motorway standards through the southern suburbs to Gordonvale has been identified in regional planning strategies to cope with increasing congestion from rapid population growth. This will result in overpasses at all major intersections from Woree to Gordonvale. The motorway will divert from Bentley Park to Gordonvale, bypassing Edmonton to reduce the effects of road noise on residential areas.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Highway" title="Kennedy Highway">Kennedy Highway</a> commences at Smithfield on the Barron River flood plain north of Cairns, and ascends the Macalister Range to the township of Kuranda. The highway then extends to the town of <a href="/wiki/Mareeba" title="Mareeba">Mareeba</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Atherton_Tableland" title="Atherton Tableland">Atherton Tableland</a>, and continues to communities of Cape York Peninsula. The <a href="/wiki/Gillies_Highway" title="Gillies Highway">Gillies Highway</a> commences at the township of Gordonvale, and ascends the <a href="/wiki/Gillies_Range" title="Gillies Range">Gillies Range</a> (part of the Great Dividing Range) to the town of <a href="/wiki/Atherton,_Queensland" title="Atherton, Queensland">Atherton</a> on the Atherton Tableland, passing through the township of <a href="/wiki/Yungaburra,_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Yungaburra, Queensland">Yungaburra</a> on the way. The controversial private road, <a href="/wiki/Quaid_Road" title="Quaid Road">Quaid Road</a>, was constructed in 1989 through what is now a <a href="/wiki/Wet_Tropics" class="mw-redirect" title="Wet Tropics">Wet Tropics</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage">World Heritage Area</a>, and links <a href="/wiki/Wangetti,_Queensland" title="Wangetti, Queensland">Wangetti</a>, on the coast just north of Cairns, to <a href="/wiki/Southedge" title="Southedge">Southedge</a>, just south of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Molloy,_Queensland" title="Mount Molloy, Queensland">Mount Molloy</a>. The road is not open to the public and is not used for general traffic. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bus">Bus</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> A public bus transit network exists within the city, with two transit hubs located within the <a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">CBD</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Central" title="Cairns Central">Cairns Central</a> Railway Station precinct, and the Cairns City Bus Station located within the Lake street and Shield street area, through which all bus lines operate and provide linkage to taxi, ride share and intercity rail services.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> The transit network includes most parts of the city, from <a href="/wiki/Palm_Cove,_Queensland" title="Palm Cove, Queensland">Palm Cove</a> in the north, <a href="/wiki/Gordonvale,_Queensland" title="Gordonvale, Queensland">Gordonvale</a> in the south and <a href="/wiki/Redlynch,_Queensland" title="Redlynch, Queensland">Redlynch</a> to the west. It is managed throughout the city by <a href="/wiki/TransLink_(South_East_Queensland)" class="mw-redirect" title="TransLink (South East Queensland)">Translink</a>: through a service contract with the <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_Group#Queensland" title="Kinetic Group">Kinetic Group</a> company, however the <a href="/wiki/Go_card" title="Go card">Go Card</a> ticketing system has not been implemented in the region. A smaller <a href="/wiki/Shuttle_bus" title="Shuttle bus">shuttle bus</a> service, Jon's Kuranda Bus runs between Cairns and Kuranda alongside other private coach services. The main bus hubs in the Cairns CBD are the Cairns City bus station, opened in 2014,<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> and at <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Central" title="Cairns Central">Cairns Central</a>, the former servicing almost all bus lines in Cairns.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Cairns is served by long-distance coaches to Brisbane, and regional cities to the south. Coaches also operate west to <a href="/wiki/Mount_Isa" title="Mount Isa">Mount Isa</a> via <a href="/wiki/Townsville" title="Townsville">Townsville</a>, and to <a href="/wiki/Alice_Springs" title="Alice Springs">Alice Springs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Darwin,_Northern_Territory" title="Darwin, Northern Territory">Darwin</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory" title="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Rail" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:StateLibQld_1_100880.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/StateLibQld_1_100880.jpg/220px-StateLibQld_1_100880.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="747"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 164px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/StateLibQld_1_100880.jpg/220px-StateLibQld_1_100880.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="164" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/StateLibQld_1_100880.jpg/330px-StateLibQld_1_100880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/StateLibQld_1_100880.jpg/440px-StateLibQld_1_100880.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Railway workers on the Cairns Railway with a view of Glacier Rock in the background, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1891.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Cairns_railway_station" title="Cairns railway station">Cairns railway station</a> is the terminus for Queensland's <a href="/wiki/North_Coast_railway_line,_Queensland" title="North Coast railway line, Queensland">North Coast railway line</a>, which follows the eastern seaboard from Brisbane. Services are operated by <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Rail" title="Queensland Rail">Queensland Rail</a> (QR) and include the high-speed <a href="/wiki/Diesel_Tilt_Train" title="Diesel Tilt Train">Diesel Tilt Train</a>. Freight trains also operate along the route, with a QR Freight handling facility located at Portsmith. Pacific National Queensland (a division of <a href="/wiki/Pacific_National" title="Pacific National">Pacific National</a>, owned by <a href="/wiki/Asciano_Limited" title="Asciano Limited">Asciano Limited</a>) operates a rail siding at Woree. It runs private trains on the rail network owned by the Queensland State Government and managed by QR's Network Division. The <a href="/wiki/Kuranda_Scenic_Railway" title="Kuranda Scenic Railway">Kuranda Scenic Railway</a> operates from Cairns. The tourist railway ascends the Macalister Range and is not used for commuter services. It passes through the suburbs of Stratford, Freshwater (stopping at Freshwater Station) and Redlynch before reaching Kuranda. Freight services to <a href="/wiki/Forsayth,_Queensland" title="Forsayth, Queensland">Forsayth</a> were discontinued in the mid-1990s. These were mixed freight and passenger services that served the semi-remote towns west of the Great Dividing Range. There is now a weekly passenger-only service, The <a href="/wiki/Savannahlander" title="Savannahlander">Savannahlander</a>, that leaves Cairns on Wednesday mornings. The Savannahlander is run by a private company, Cairns Kuranda Steam Trains. Cairns is served by a <a href="/wiki/Narrow_gauge_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrow gauge railway">narrow gauge</a> cane railway (or cane train) network that hauls harvested sugar cane to the <a href="/wiki/Mulgrave_Sugar_Mill" title="Mulgrave Sugar Mill">Mulgrave Sugar Mill</a> located in Gordonvale. The pressure of urban sprawl on land previously cultivated by cane farmers has seen this network reduced over recent years.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airport">Airport</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Airport" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns_Airport.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Cairns_Airport.JPG/220px-Cairns_Airport.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Cairns_Airport.JPG/220px-Cairns_Airport.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Cairns_Airport.JPG/330px-Cairns_Airport.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Cairns_Airport.JPG/440px-Cairns_Airport.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cairns_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns International Airport">Cairns International Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Cairns_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns International Airport">Cairns International Airport</a> is 7 km (4 mi) north of Cairns City between the CBD and the Northern Beaches. The domestic terminal at Cairns Airport underwent an extensive redevelopment which began in 2007 and was completed in 2010. In 2023, a new renovation began on the international terminal, which was expected to cost between <a href="/wiki/A%24" class="mw-redirect" title="A$">A$</a>40 and 50 million.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The airport has a domestic terminal, an international terminal, and a general aviation area. The airport handles international flights, and flights to major Australian cities, tourist destinations, and regional destinations throughout North Queensland. It is an important base for general aviation serving the Cape York Peninsula and Gulf of Carpentaria communities. The Cairns airport is also a base for the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Doctor_Service" title="Royal Flying Doctor Service">Royal Flying Doctor Service</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Port">Port</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Port" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns-marina.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cairns-marina.JPG/220px-Cairns-marina.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cairns-marina.JPG/220px-Cairns-marina.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cairns-marina.JPG/330px-Cairns-marina.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cairns-marina.JPG/440px-Cairns-marina.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Cairns Marina</figcaption></figure> The Cairns Seaport, located on Trinity Inlet, is operated by the Cairns Port Authority.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> It serves as an important port for tourist operators providing daily reef trips. These consist of large <a href="/wiki/Catamarans" class="mw-redirect" title="Catamarans">catamarans</a> capable of carrying over 300 passengers, as well as smaller operators that may take as few as 12 tourists. Cairns Port is also a port of call for <a href="/wiki/Cruise_ships" class="mw-redirect" title="Cruise ships">cruise ships</a>, such as Captain Cook Cruises, cruising the South Pacific Ocean. It also provides freight services to coastal townships on Cape York Peninsula, the <a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait" title="Torres Strait">Torres Strait</a> and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Yearly cargo through the port totals 1.13 million tonnes. Almost 90% of the trade is bulk cargoes<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-100">[100]</a> – including petroleum, sugar, molasses, fertiliser and LP gas. A large number of <a href="/wiki/Commercial_trawler" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial trawler">fishing trawlers</a> are also located at the port. There is also a marina that houses private yachts and boats used for tourist operations. The Trinity Wharf has recently been the subject of a major redevelopment to improve the area for tourist and cruise ship operations. The freight wharves are located to the south of Trinity Wharf further up Trinity Inlet. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><h2 id="Defence_facilities">Defence facilities</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Defence facilities" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy" title="Royal Australian Navy">Royal Australian Navy</a> has a base in Cairns (<a href="/wiki/HMAS_Cairns_(naval_base)" title="HMAS Cairns (naval base)">HMAS Cairns</a>).<a href="#cite_note-RANCairns-101">[101]</a> The base has a complement of 1000 personnel,<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> and supports nine vessels, including: <ul><li>Three <a href="/wiki/Armidale-class_patrol_boat" title="Armidale-class patrol boat">Armidale-class</a> patrol boats of Ardent Division</li> <li>Two <a href="/wiki/Cape-class_patrol_boat" title="Cape-class patrol boat">Cape-class</a> patrol boats</li></ul> Four ships of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy_Hydrographic_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Australian Navy Hydrographic Service">Royal Australian Navy Hydrographic Service</a>: <ul><li>Two <a href="/wiki/Leeuwin-class_survey_vessel" title="Leeuwin-class survey vessel">Leeuwin-class</a> hydrographic ships</li> <li>Two <a href="/wiki/Paluma-class_motor_launch" title="Paluma-class motor launch">Paluma-class</a> survey ships</li></ul> Previously four of the six <a href="/wiki/Balikpapan-class_landing_craft_heavy" title="Balikpapan-class landing craft heavy">Balikpapan-class</a> landing craft were based in Cairns before their decommissioning.<a href="#cite_note-RANCairns-101">[101]</a> <a href="/wiki/Porton_Barracks" title="Porton Barracks">Porton Barracks</a>, in the outlying suburb of <a href="/wiki/Edmonton,_Queensland" title="Edmonton, Queensland">Edmonton</a>, is home to the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Army" title="Australian Army">Australian Army</a>'s <a href="/wiki/51st_Battalion,_Far_North_Queensland_Regiment" title="51st Battalion, Far North Queensland Regiment">51st Battalion, Far North Queensland Regiment</a>. Delta Company from the <a href="/wiki/Townsville" title="Townsville">Townsville</a>-based <a href="/wiki/31st/42nd_Battalion,_Royal_Queensland_Regiment" title="31st/42nd Battalion, Royal Queensland Regiment">31st/42nd Battalion, Royal Queensland Regiment</a> is also based here. Both units are components of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Army_Reserve" title="Australian Army Reserve">Australian Army Reserve</a>. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Sister cities" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea"><noscript><img alt="Papua New Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" data-alt="Papua New Guinea" data-width="20" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Lae" title="Lae">Lae</a>, Papua New Guinea (<a href="/wiki/Morobe_Province" title="Morobe Province">Morobe Province</a>) since 1984</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><noscript><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="Japan" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Minami,_Tokushima" title="Minami, Tokushima">Minami</a>, Japan (<a href="/wiki/Tokushima_Prefecture" title="Tokushima Prefecture">Tokushima Prefecture</a>) since 1969</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><noscript><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="Japan" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Oyama,_Tochigi" title="Oyama, Tochigi">Oyama</a>, Japan (<a href="/wiki/Tochigi_Prefecture" title="Tochigi Prefecture">Tochigi Prefecture</a>) since 15 June 2006</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><noscript><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" data-alt="Latvia" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a>, Latvia since 1990</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><noscript><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="United States" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale</a>, USA (<a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>) since 1987</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><noscript><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" data-alt="Canada" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Sidney,_British_Columbia" title="Sidney, British Columbia">Sidney</a>, Canada (<a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>) since 1984</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><noscript><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="China" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Zhanjiang" title="Zhanjiang">Zhanjiang</a>, People's Republic of China (<a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong province</a>) since 2005</li></ul> A selection of memorabilia and artifacts relating to Cairns Sister Cities is displayed at Cairns City Library.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Education" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Far_North_Queensland" title="List of schools in Far North Queensland">List of schools in Far North Queensland</a></div> Cairns has numerous primary and secondary schools. Separate systems of <a href="/wiki/Public_and_private_education_in_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Public and private education in Australia">private and public schools</a> operate in Queensland. <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> schools are operated by Catholic Education Cairns. The Catholic system encompasses nineteen primary schools, six secondary colleges and one P–12 college.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> The oldest <a href="/wiki/Marist_Brothers" title="Marist Brothers">Marist Brothers</a> college in Cairns is St Augustine's, which is a secondary college.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> As of 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit">[update]</a> there were almost 6,700 primary students and 4,000 secondary students enrolled in the Roman Catholic school system.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> There are also four other independent schools – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_Lutheran_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peace Lutheran College (page does not exist)">Peace Lutheran College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Anglican_School" title="Trinity Anglican School">Trinity Anglican School</a>, Freshwater Christian College and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Redlynch_State_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Redlynch State College (page does not exist)">Redlynch State College</a>. There is also <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinterland_Cairns_Steiner_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinterland Cairns Steiner School (page does not exist)">Hinterland Cairns Steiner School</a>, which is independent. The <a href="/wiki/James_Cook_University_(Cairns_campus)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Cook University (Cairns campus)">Cairns Campus</a> of <a href="/wiki/James_Cook_University" title="James Cook University">James Cook University</a> is located at Smithfield. <a href="/wiki/Central_Queensland_University" title="Central Queensland University">CQUniversity Australia</a> has established a study centre in Cairns.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> The city also hosts a <a href="/wiki/TAFE" class="mw-redirect" title="TAFE">TAFE</a> college, and a <a href="/wiki/School_of_the_Air" title="School of the Air">School of the Air</a> base, both located in the inner suburb of Manunda. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><h2 id="Health">Health</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Health" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns_Base_Hospital.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cairns_Base_Hospital.jpg/220px-Cairns_Base_Hospital.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cairns_Base_Hospital.jpg/220px-Cairns_Base_Hospital.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cairns_Base_Hospital.jpg/330px-Cairns_Base_Hospital.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cairns_Base_Hospital.jpg/440px-Cairns_Base_Hospital.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The Cairns Hospital from the air facing south.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Hospital" title="Cairns Hospital">Cairns Hospital</a> is situated on the Cairns Esplanade and is the major hospital for the Cape York Peninsula area. The smaller Cairns Private Hospital is located nearby. A new building was completed in 2015 to provide up to 168 more beds.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Cairns is a base for the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Doctor_Service" title="Royal Flying Doctor Service">Royal Flying Doctor Service</a>, which operates clinics and provides <a href="/wiki/MEDEVAC" class="mw-redirect" title="MEDEVAC">emergency evacuations</a> in remote communities throughout the region. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"><h2 id="Sport_and_recreation">Sport and recreation</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sport and recreation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soccer,_Australian_rules_football,_and_rugby">Soccer, Australian rules football, and rugby</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Soccer, Australian rules football, and rugby" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Cairns is home to <a href="/wiki/Cairns_FC" title="Cairns FC">Far North Queensland Heat</a>, who play in the 2nd tier of <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">soccer</a> in Australia. They compete in the <a href="/wiki/National_Premier_Leagues_Queensland" title="National Premier Leagues Queensland">NPL Queensland</a> which is one tier under the <a href="/wiki/A-League" class="mw-redirect" title="A-League">A-League</a>. The team has represented the city nationally previously at the <a href="/wiki/2014_FFA_Cup" title="2014 FFA Cup">2014 FFA Cup</a>. The team competes at <a href="/wiki/Barlow_Park" title="Barlow Park">Barlow Park</a>. The Cairns region has a large <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">soccer</a> community with a local competition which spans from <a href="/wiki/Port_Douglas,_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Douglas, Queensland">Port Douglas</a> to <a href="/wiki/Innisfail,_Queensland" title="Innisfail, Queensland">Innisfail</a> and west to <a href="/wiki/Dimbulah,_Queensland" title="Dimbulah, Queensland">Dimbulah</a>. Notable <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">soccer</a> players from the region include <a href="/wiki/Australia_men%27s_national_soccer_team" title="Australia men's national soccer team">Socceroos</a> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Farina" title="Frank Farina">Frank Farina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Corica" title="Steve Corica">Steve Corica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shane_Stefanutto" title="Shane Stefanutto">Shane Stefanutto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Thwaite" title="Michael Thwaite">Michael Thwaite</a>. Cairns has a seven-team Australian rules football competition, <a href="/wiki/AFL_Cairns" title="AFL Cairns">AFL Cairns</a>, between teams from the Cairns and Port Douglas region. <a href="/wiki/Cazalys_Stadium" title="Cazalys Stadium">Cazalys Stadium</a> currently hosts one <a href="/wiki/Australian_Football_League" title="Australian Football League">Australian Football League</a> (AFL) game each season. There is also an <a href="/wiki/AFL_Masters" class="mw-redirect" title="AFL Masters">AFL Masters</a> team that is based in Cairns, known as the Cairns Stingers. The <a href="/wiki/Northern_Pride_RLFC" title="Northern Pride RLFC">Northern Pride</a> <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Cup" title="Queensland Cup">Queensland Cup</a> rugby league team played their first season in 2008, and act as a feeder team to the <a href="/wiki/North_Queensland_Cowboys" title="North Queensland Cowboys">North Queensland Cowboys</a> who play in the <a href="/wiki/National_Rugby_League" title="National Rugby League">National Rugby League</a>. Cairns is represented by 11 Senior clubs, most notably Brothers Cairns, Ivanhoes Knights, Cairns Kangaroos, Edmonton Storm and Southern Suburbs Cockatoos in the Cairns District Rugby League. Cairns also hosts growing bases for <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">Rugby union</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cazaly%27s_Stadium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Cazaly%27s_Stadium.jpg/220px-Cazaly%27s_Stadium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3472" data-file-height="2312"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Cazaly%27s_Stadium.jpg/220px-Cazaly%27s_Stadium.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Cazaly%27s_Stadium.jpg/330px-Cazaly%27s_Stadium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Cazaly%27s_Stadium.jpg/440px-Cazaly%27s_Stadium.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Cazaly's Stadium</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sports">Other sports</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Other sports" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> There is a baseball league at <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity Beach">Trinity Beach</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Cairns also has a <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_League_(Australasia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Basketball League (Australasia)">National Basketball League</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_League_(Australasia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Basketball League (Australasia)">NBL</a>) team, the <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Taipans" title="Cairns Taipans">Cairns Taipans</a> whose home court is the <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Convention_Centre" title="Cairns Convention Centre">Cairns Convention Centre</a>, known as The Snakepit during Taipans home games. In 1965 the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Cairns_Open" title="City of Cairns Open">City of Cairns Open</a>, a professional golf tournament, was inaugurated. Significant golfers like <a href="/wiki/Randall_Vines" title="Randall Vines">Randall Vines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vic_Bennetts" title="Vic Bennetts">Vic Bennetts</a> won the event. In the mid-1970s it evolved into an amateur event. In modern times, the week-long event encompasses four tournaments, including a mixed team event and separate men's and women's tournaments.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Cairns is a major international destination for <a href="/wiki/Water_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Water sports">water sports</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scuba_diving" title="Scuba diving">scuba diving</a> due to its close proximity to the <a href="/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef" title="Great Barrier Reef">Great Barrier Reef</a>. Other recreational activities popular with tourists include <a href="/wiki/Whitewater_rafting" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitewater rafting">whitewater rafting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skydiving" class="mw-redirect" title="Skydiving">skydiving</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hang_gliding" title="Hang gliding">hang gliding</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kitesurfing" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitesurfing">kitesurfing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Snorkelling" class="mw-redirect" title="Snorkelling">snorkelling</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sporting_facilities">Sporting facilities</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Sporting facilities" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CAIRNS_MUSEUM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/CAIRNS_MUSEUM.jpg/220px-CAIRNS_MUSEUM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1993"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/CAIRNS_MUSEUM.jpg/220px-CAIRNS_MUSEUM.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/CAIRNS_MUSEUM.jpg/330px-CAIRNS_MUSEUM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/CAIRNS_MUSEUM.jpg/440px-CAIRNS_MUSEUM.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Cairns Museum</figcaption></figure> Notable sporting grounds include <a href="/wiki/Barlow_Park" title="Barlow Park">Barlow Park</a>, Parramatta Park, <a href="/wiki/Cazalys_Stadium" title="Cazalys Stadium">Cazalys Stadium</a>, the Cairns Convention Centre, and the Cairns <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">Hockey</a> Centre. The Cairns Showground is used for sports, in addition to the Cairns Show and funfairs.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"><h2 id="Amenities">Amenities</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Amenities" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> Established in 1978, the Cairns & District Chinese Association is an arts and heritage organisation seeking to preserve the Chinese culture and heritage of Cairns and North Queensland and enriching the contemporary cultural, social and economic diversity of the community. The society organises events such as the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_New_Year_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese New Year Festival">Chinese New Year Festival</a>, organises <a href="/wiki/Lion_dance" title="Lion dance">Lion dancers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dragon_boat" title="Dragon boat">dragon boat</a> racing, maintains the Lit Sung Goong Temple, and offers Chinese language classes and social group activities.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Established in 1989, the Cairns and District Family History Society maintains a library of world-wide <a href="/wiki/Genealogy" title="Genealogy">genealogy</a> material at 271 Gatton Street, <a href="/wiki/Westcourt,_Queensland" title="Westcourt, Queensland">Westcourt</a>. The society publishes new genealogical resources based on collecting and indexing family information relating to Far North Queensland.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The Cairns Historical Society operates the Cairns Museum and Cairns Historical Society Resource Centre at the former <a href="/wiki/Cairns_School_of_Arts" title="Cairns School of Arts">Cairns School of Arts</a> building on the corner of Lake and Shields Streets in <a href="/wiki/Cairns_City,_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns City, Queensland">Cairns City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> The Cairns branch of the <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Country_Women%27s_Association" title="Queensland Country Women's Association">Queensland Country Women's Association</a> meets at 264 Grafton Street, <a href="/wiki/Cairns_North,_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns North, Queensland">Cairns North</a>.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> St Monica's Catholic Cathedral is at 183 Abbott Street. It is within the Cairns Cathedral Parish of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Cairns" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Cairns">Roman Catholic Diocese of Cairns</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:2-20">[20]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(15)"><h2 id="Indigenous_languages_and_representation">Indigenous languages and representation</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Indigenous languages and representation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-15 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-15"> The <a href="/wiki/Yidiny_language" title="Yidiny language">Yidiny language</a> is a prominent language of the Cairns area.<a href="#cite_note-langmap-116">[116]</a> <a href="/wiki/Irukandji_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Irukandji language">Irukandji language</a> (also known as Yirrgay, Yurrgay, Yirrgandji, Djabuganjdji and Yirgay) is a language of <a href="/wiki/Far_North_Queensland" title="Far North Queensland">Far North Queensland</a>, particularly the area around the <a href="/wiki/Macalister_Range,_Queensland" title="Macalister Range, Queensland">Kuranda Range</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barron_River_(Queensland)" title="Barron River (Queensland)">Lower Barron River</a>. The Irukandji language region includes the landscape within <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Regional_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns Regional Council">Cairns Regional Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-langmap-116">[116]</a> <a href="/wiki/Yumplatok" class="mw-redirect" title="Yumplatok">Yumplatok</a> (also known as Torres Strait Creole and Broken) is a contemporary <a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait_Island_languages" title="Torres Strait Island languages">Torres Strait Island language</a> originating in the <a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait" title="Torres Strait">Torres Strait</a>. The contact with missionaries and others since the 1800s has led to the development of a <a href="/wiki/Pidgin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pidgin language">pidgin language</a>, which transitioned into a <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">creole language</a> and now has its own distinctive sound system, grammar, vocabulary, usage and meaning. Torres Strait Creole is spoken by most Torres Strait Islanders and is a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Standard_Australian_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Australian English">Standard Australian English</a> and traditional languages. It is an English-based creole; however, each island has its own version of creole. Torres Strait Creole is also spoken on the <a href="/wiki/Australian_mainland" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian mainland">Australian mainland</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Northern_Peninsula_Area_Region" title="Northern Peninsula Area Region">Northern Peninsula Area Region</a> and coastal communities such as Cairns, <a href="/wiki/Townsville" title="Townsville">Townsville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mackay,_Queensland" title="Mackay, Queensland">Mackay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rockhampton" title="Rockhampton">Rockhampton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a>.<a href="#cite_note-langmap-116">[116]</a> There are four <a href="/wiki/Traditional_owner" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional owner">traditional owner</a> groups representing the rights and interests of the peoples of the Cairns region. The Dawul Wuru (Yirrganydji) Aboriginal Corporation represents traditional owners in the area between Cairns and Port Douglas. Native title rights have been granted to the <a href="/wiki/Djabugay_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Djabugay people">Djabugay people</a> over land and waters within the <a href="/wiki/Barron_Gorge_National_Park" title="Barron Gorge National Park">Barron Gorge National Park</a> near Kuranda. The <a href="/wiki/Gunggandji" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunggandji">Gunggandji</a> people hold rights over more than 7,500 ha (19,000 acres) on the <a href="/wiki/Yarrabah,_Queensland" title="Yarrabah, Queensland">Yarrabah Peninsula</a>. The fourth group represents the Yidinji clans, and comprises Gimuy Walubara Yidinji, Dulabed Malanbarra and Yidinji, Mandingalbay Yidinji and Wadjanbarra Tableland Yidinji.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(16)"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Notable people" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-16 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-16"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Allen" title="Gavin Allen">Gavin Allen</a>, Queensland and Brisbane Broncos Rugby League player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Anu" title="Christine Anu">Christine Anu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pop_singer" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop singer">pop singer</a> and actress<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aron_Baynes" title="Aron Baynes">Aron Baynes</a>, basketball player in the <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">NBA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poppy_Boltz" title="Poppy Boltz">Poppy Boltz</a>, AFLW footballer<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Bowen" title="Matt Bowen">Matt Bowen</a>, Rugby League player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Bowes" title="Jack Bowes">Jack Bowes</a>, AFL footballer<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Boyd_(artist)" title="Daniel Boyd (artist)">Daniel Boyd</a>, contemporary artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_John_Brass" title="Leonard John Brass">Leonard John Brass</a>, botanist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Cantoni" title="Mark Cantoni">Mark 'Yank' Cantoni</a>, rugby league player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kev_Carmody" title="Kev Carmody">Kev Carmody</a>, singer-songwriter, born in Cairns</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Cockatoo-Collins" title="Che Cockatoo-Collins">Che Cockatoo-Collins</a>, AFL footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Clarke_(Australian_rules_footballer)" title="Troy Clarke (Australian rules footballer)">Troy Clarke</a>, AFL footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terence_Cooper" title="Terence Cooper">Terence Cooper</a>, film actor, artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Davies_(footballer)" title="Alex Davies (footballer)">Alex Davies</a>, AFL footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtenay_Dempsey" title="Courtenay Dempsey">Courtenay Dempsey</a>, AFL footballer, <a href="/wiki/Essendon_Football_Club" title="Essendon Football Club">Essendon Football Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Dixon_(Australian_footballer)" title="Charlie Dixon (Australian footballer)">Charlie Dixon</a>, AFL footballer, <a href="/wiki/Port_Adelaide_Football_Club" title="Port Adelaide Football Club">Port Adelaide Football Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqui_Dupuy" title="Jacqui Dupuy">Jacqui Dupuy</a>, AFLW footballer and netballer<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Fowler_(soccer)" title="Mary Fowler (soccer)">Mary Fowler</a>, soccer player for <a href="/wiki/Australia_women%27s_national_soccer_team" title="Australia women's national soccer team">Australia</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb_Graham" title="Caleb Graham">Caleb Graham</a>, AFL footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catriona_Gray" title="Catriona Gray">Catriona Gray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miss_Universe_2018" title="Miss Universe 2018">Miss Universe</a> winner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Halloran" title="Ben Halloran">Ben Halloran</a>, footballer for <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_United" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelaide United">Adelaide United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Ham" title="Ken Ham">Ken Ham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Creationist" class="mw-redirect" title="Creationist">creationist</a> and religious activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracey_Hannah" title="Tracey Hannah">Tracey Hannah</a>, downhill mountain biker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarrod_Harbrow" title="Jarrod Harbrow">Jarrod Harbrow</a>, AFL footballer, <a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_Football_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold Coast Football Club">Gold Coast Football Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Herbert" title="Xavier Herbert">Xavier Herbert</a>, writer<a href="#cite_note-ANU-124">[124]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Heron" title="Jacob Heron">Jacob Heron</a>, AFL footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Hodges" title="Justin Hodges">Justin Hodges</a>, international Rugby League player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erin_Holland" title="Erin Holland">Erin Holland</a>, an Australian singer and Television Host</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Jawai" title="Nathan Jawai">Nathan Jawai</a>, professional basketball player, first indigenous Australian to play in NBA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danilo_Jovanovitch" title="Danilo Jovanovitch">Danilo Jovanovitch</a>, poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leah_Kaslar" title="Leah Kaslar">Leah Kaslar</a>, AFLW footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Kiefel" title="Susan Kiefel">Susan Kiefel</a>, Chief Justice, <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Australia" title="High Court of Australia">High Court of Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ash_Kingsford" title="Richard Ash Kingsford">Richard Ash Kingsford</a>, Mayor of Brisbane, first Mayor of Cairns</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Louise" title="Emma Louise">Emma Louise</a>, musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayleen_Lynch" title="Rayleen Lynch">Rayleen Lynch</a>, retired Australian basketball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhyse_Martin" title="Rhyse Martin">Rhyse Martin</a>, Rugby League player, <a href="/wiki/Canterbury-Bankstown_Bulldogs" title="Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs">Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_McLennan" title="Grant McLennan">Grant McLennan</a>, musician, <a href="/wiki/The_Go-Betweens" title="The Go-Betweens">The Go-Betweens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Lucas" title="Isabel Lucas">Isabel Lucas</a>, actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Marshall_(whistleblower)" title="Steven Marshall (whistleblower)">Steven Marshall</a>, watch house officer and whistleblower</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_McGoldrick" title="Ryan McGoldrick">Ryan McGoldrick</a>, Rugby League player, <a href="/wiki/Castleford_Tigers" title="Castleford Tigers">Castleford Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nate_Myles" title="Nate Myles">Nate Myles</a>, international Rugby League player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Nicol" title="Johnny Nicol">Johnny Nicol</a>, musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DMo_(artist)" title="DMo (artist)">Danielle Oke</a>, artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Patterson" title="Grant Patterson">Grant Patterson</a>, Paralympic swimmer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_Reading" title="Wilma Reading">Wilma Reading</a>, singer<a href="#cite_note-womensweekly-125">[125]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Sarota" title="Adam Sarota">Adam Sarota</a>, international football player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Savage" title="Xavier Savage">Xavier Savage</a>, Rugby League player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamiso_Tabuai-Fidow" title="Hamiso Tabuai-Fidow">Hamiso Tabuai-Fidow</a>, Rugby League player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Thwaite" title="Michael Thwaite">Michael Thwaite</a>, footballer for <a href="/wiki/Liaoning_Whowin_F.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Liaoning Whowin F.C.">Liaoning Whowin</a>, and occasional <a href="/wiki/Australia_men%27s_national_soccer_team" title="Australia men's national soccer team">Socceroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenton_Thwaites" title="Brenton Thwaites">Brenton Thwaites</a>, actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhys_Wakefield" title="Rhys Wakefield">Rhys Wakefield</a>, actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naomi_Wenitong" title="Naomi Wenitong">Naomi Wenitong</a>, member of former pop and R&B duo <a href="/wiki/Shakaya" title="Shakaya">Shakaya</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(17)"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Gallery" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-17 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-17"> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Dawn,_the_Esplanade,_Cairns,_QLD.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="View of the pier and Esplanade at dawn"><noscript><img alt="View of the pier and Esplanade at dawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Dawn%2C_the_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_QLD.JPG/240px-Dawn%2C_the_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_QLD.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Dawn%2C_the_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_QLD.JPG/240px-Dawn%2C_the_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_QLD.JPG" data-alt="View of the pier and Esplanade at dawn" data-width="160" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Dawn%2C_the_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_QLD.JPG/360px-Dawn%2C_the_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_QLD.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Dawn%2C_the_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_QLD.JPG/480px-Dawn%2C_the_Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_QLD.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of the pier and Esplanade at dawn</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Esplanade,_Cairns,_2015_(02).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="City centre"><noscript><img alt="City centre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2802%29.JPG/270px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2802%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3776" data-file-height="2520"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2802%29.JPG/270px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2802%29.JPG" data-alt="City centre" data-width="180" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2802%29.JPG/405px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2802%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2802%29.JPG/540px-Esplanade%2C_Cairns%2C_2015_%2802%29.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">City centre</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Glass_bottom_boats_%26_Semi_sub.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Glass bottom boats and a Semi submarine at Green Island, Great Barrier Reef, outer Cairns"><noscript><img alt="Glass bottom boats and a Semi submarine at Green Island, Great Barrier Reef, outer Cairns" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Glass_bottom_boats_%26_Semi_sub.JPG/241px-Glass_bottom_boats_%26_Semi_sub.JPG" decoding="async" width="161" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="765"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 161px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Glass_bottom_boats_%26_Semi_sub.JPG/241px-Glass_bottom_boats_%26_Semi_sub.JPG" data-alt="Glass bottom boats and a Semi submarine at Green Island, Great Barrier Reef, outer Cairns" data-width="161" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Glass_bottom_boats_%26_Semi_sub.JPG/362px-Glass_bottom_boats_%26_Semi_sub.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Glass_bottom_boats_%26_Semi_sub.JPG/482px-Glass_bottom_boats_%26_Semi_sub.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Glass bottom boats and a Semi submarine at <a href="/wiki/Green_Island_(Queensland)" title="Green Island (Queensland)">Green Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef" title="Great Barrier Reef">Great Barrier Reef</a>, outer Cairns</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jack_Barnes_Bicentennial_Mangrove_Boardwalk.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jack Barnes Bicentennial Mangrove Boardwalk"><noscript><img alt="Jack Barnes Bicentennial Mangrove Boardwalk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jack_Barnes_Bicentennial_Mangrove_Boardwalk.jpg/120px-Jack_Barnes_Bicentennial_Mangrove_Boardwalk.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1448" data-file-height="2172"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 80px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jack_Barnes_Bicentennial_Mangrove_Boardwalk.jpg/120px-Jack_Barnes_Bicentennial_Mangrove_Boardwalk.jpg" data-alt="Jack Barnes Bicentennial Mangrove Boardwalk" data-width="80" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jack_Barnes_Bicentennial_Mangrove_Boardwalk.jpg/180px-Jack_Barnes_Bicentennial_Mangrove_Boardwalk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jack_Barnes_Bicentennial_Mangrove_Boardwalk.jpg/240px-Jack_Barnes_Bicentennial_Mangrove_Boardwalk.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jack Barnes Bicentennial Mangrove Boardwalk</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Barrier_Reef_Ferry.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A Great Barrier Reef ferry, Green Island, outer Cairns"><noscript><img alt="A Great Barrier Reef ferry, Green Island, outer Cairns" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Great_Barrier_Reef_Ferry.JPG/241px-Great_Barrier_Reef_Ferry.JPG" decoding="async" width="161" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="765"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 161px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Great_Barrier_Reef_Ferry.JPG/241px-Great_Barrier_Reef_Ferry.JPG" data-alt="A Great Barrier Reef ferry, Green Island, outer Cairns" data-width="161" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Great_Barrier_Reef_Ferry.JPG/362px-Great_Barrier_Reef_Ferry.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Great_Barrier_Reef_Ferry.JPG/482px-Great_Barrier_Reef_Ferry.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef" title="Great Barrier Reef">Great Barrier Reef</a> ferry, <a href="/wiki/Green_Island_(Queensland)" title="Green Island (Queensland)">Green Island</a>, outer Cairns</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuranda_Scenic_Railway_Cairns.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kuranda scenic railway, Kuranda"><noscript><img alt="Kuranda scenic railway, Kuranda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Kuranda_Scenic_Railway_Cairns.JPG/241px-Kuranda_Scenic_Railway_Cairns.JPG" decoding="async" width="161" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="765"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 161px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Kuranda_Scenic_Railway_Cairns.JPG/241px-Kuranda_Scenic_Railway_Cairns.JPG" data-alt="Kuranda scenic railway, Kuranda" data-width="161" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Kuranda_Scenic_Railway_Cairns.JPG/362px-Kuranda_Scenic_Railway_Cairns.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Kuranda_Scenic_Railway_Cairns.JPG/482px-Kuranda_Scenic_Railway_Cairns.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kuranda scenic railway, <a href="/wiki/Kuranda,_Queensland" title="Kuranda, Queensland">Kuranda</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Mossman_River_and_Gorge.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Mossman river and Gorge, Daintree National Park, outskirts of Cairns"><noscript><img alt="Mossman river and Gorge, Daintree National Park, outskirts of Cairns" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Mossman_River_and_Gorge.JPG/241px-Mossman_River_and_Gorge.JPG" decoding="async" width="161" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="765"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 161px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Mossman_River_and_Gorge.JPG/241px-Mossman_River_and_Gorge.JPG" data-alt="Mossman river and Gorge, Daintree National Park, outskirts of Cairns" data-width="161" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Mossman_River_and_Gorge.JPG/362px-Mossman_River_and_Gorge.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Mossman_River_and_Gorge.JPG/482px-Mossman_River_and_Gorge.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mossman river and Gorge, <a href="/wiki/Daintree_National_Park" title="Daintree National Park">Daintree National Park</a>, outskirts of Cairns</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Moved_Termite_Mounts_Mareeba.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Moved termite mounds, Mareeba, Queensland, outskirts of Cairns"><noscript><img alt="Moved termite mounds, Mareeba, Queensland, outskirts of Cairns" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Moved_Termite_Mounts_Mareeba.JPG/241px-Moved_Termite_Mounts_Mareeba.JPG" decoding="async" width="161" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="765"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 161px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Moved_Termite_Mounts_Mareeba.JPG/241px-Moved_Termite_Mounts_Mareeba.JPG" data-alt="Moved termite mounds, Mareeba, Queensland, outskirts of Cairns" data-width="161" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Moved_Termite_Mounts_Mareeba.JPG/362px-Moved_Termite_Mounts_Mareeba.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Moved_Termite_Mounts_Mareeba.JPG/482px-Moved_Termite_Mounts_Mareeba.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Moved termite mounds, <a href="/wiki/Mareeba,_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="Mareeba, Queensland">Mareeba, Queensland</a>, outskirts of Cairns</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:QLD_Rescue_Helicopter.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Queensland rescue Helicopter, Green Island, Great Barrier Reef, outskirts of Cairns"><noscript><img alt="Queensland rescue Helicopter, Green Island, Great Barrier Reef, outskirts of Cairns" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/QLD_Rescue_Helicopter.JPG/241px-QLD_Rescue_Helicopter.JPG" decoding="async" width="161" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="765"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 161px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/QLD_Rescue_Helicopter.JPG/241px-QLD_Rescue_Helicopter.JPG" data-alt="Queensland rescue Helicopter, Green Island, Great Barrier Reef, outskirts of Cairns" data-width="161" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/QLD_Rescue_Helicopter.JPG/362px-QLD_Rescue_Helicopter.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/QLD_Rescue_Helicopter.JPG/482px-QLD_Rescue_Helicopter.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Queensland rescue Helicopter, <a href="/wiki/Green_Island_(Queensland)" title="Green Island (Queensland)">Green Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef" title="Great Barrier Reef">Great Barrier Reef</a>, outskirts of Cairns</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Marine_Stingers_Sign_Cairns.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Marine stingers sign, Trinity beach, Cairns"><noscript><img alt="Marine stingers sign, Trinity beach, Cairns" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Marine_Stingers_Sign_Cairns.JPG/241px-Marine_Stingers_Sign_Cairns.JPG" decoding="async" width="161" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="765"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 161px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Marine_Stingers_Sign_Cairns.JPG/241px-Marine_Stingers_Sign_Cairns.JPG" data-alt="Marine stingers sign, Trinity beach, Cairns" data-width="161" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Marine_Stingers_Sign_Cairns.JPG/362px-Marine_Stingers_Sign_Cairns.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Marine_Stingers_Sign_Cairns.JPG/482px-Marine_Stingers_Sign_Cairns.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Marine stingers sign, <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Beach,_Queensland" title="Trinity Beach, Queensland">Trinity beach</a>, Cairns</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 69.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 67.333333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hastings_Reef.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hastings Reef"><noscript><img alt="Hastings Reef" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Hastings_Reef.jpg/101px-Hastings_Reef.jpg" decoding="async" width="68" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="3412"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 68px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Hastings_Reef.jpg/101px-Hastings_Reef.jpg" data-alt="Hastings Reef" data-width="68" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Hastings_Reef.jpg/152px-Hastings_Reef.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Hastings_Reef.jpg/202px-Hastings_Reef.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hastings Reef</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairns-copperlode.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="City landscape"><noscript><img alt="City landscape" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cairns-copperlode.JPG/240px-Cairns-copperlode.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cairns-copperlode.JPG/240px-Cairns-copperlode.JPG" data-alt="City landscape" data-width="160" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cairns-copperlode.JPG/360px-Cairns-copperlode.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cairns-copperlode.JPG/480px-Cairns-copperlode.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">City landscape</div> </li> </ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(18)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-18 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-18"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cairns_road_network" title="Cairns road network">Cairns road network</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><noscript><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Queensland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Queensland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 32px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Queensland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Queensland.svg.png" data-alt="flag" data-width="32" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Queensland.svg/48px-Flag_of_Queensland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Queensland.svg/64px-Flag_of_Queensland.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Queensland" title="Portal:Queensland">Queensland portal</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(19)"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-19 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-19"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(20)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-20 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-20"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Census2021-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census2021_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census2021_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census2021_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census2021_1-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census2021_1-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census2021_1-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census2021_1-6">g</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAustralian_Bureau_of_Statistics2022" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Australian Bureau of Statistics">Australian Bureau of Statistics</a> (28 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/UCL303001">"Cairns (UCL)"</a>. 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 28 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2021+Census+QuickStats&rft.atitle=Cairns+%28UCL%29&rft.date=2022-06-28&rft.au=Australian+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abs.gov.au%2Fcensus%2Ffind-census-data%2Fquickstats%2F2021%2FUCL303001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189133#P4093" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><noscript><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" data-alt="Edit this at Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQPN5683" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnrm.qld.gov.au/qld/environment/land/place-names/search#/search=Cairns&types=0&place=Cairns5683">"Cairns – city (entry 5683)"</a>. Queensland Place Names. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Government" title="Queensland Government">Queensland Government</a>. Retrieved 26 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Place+Names&rft.atitle=Cairns+%E2%80%93+city+%28entry+5683%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnrm.qld.gov.au%2Fqld%2Fenvironment%2Fland%2Fplace-names%2Fsearch%23%2Fsearch%3DCairns%26types%3D0%26place%3DCairns5683&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article174709204">"The Electoral Rolls"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Telegraph_(Brisbane)" title="The Telegraph (Brisbane)">The Telegraph (Brisbane)</a>. No. 1, 246. Queensland, Australia. 9 October 1876. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210201131931/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/174709204">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 5 September 2018 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph+%28Brisbane%29&rft.atitle=The+Electoral+Rolls.&rft.issue=1%2C+246&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1876-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article174709204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://choose.cairns.qld.gov.au/work/key-industries">"Key industries in Cairns"</a>. Choose Cairns. 27 October 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231209055507/https://choose.cairns.qld.gov.au/work/key-industries">Archived</a> from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Key+industries+in+Cairns&rft.pub=Choose+Cairns&rft.date=2021-10-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchoose.cairns.qld.gov.au%2Fwork%2Fkey-industries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economy.id.com.au/cairns">"Cairns Regional Council: economic profile"</a>. .idcommunity. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231209055507/https://economy.id.com.au/cairns">Archived</a> from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cairns+Regional+Council%3A+economic+profile&rft.pub=.idcommunity&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomy.id.com.au%2Fcairns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dixon01-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dixon01_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dixon01_6-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDixon,_R._M._W.1977" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/R._M._W._Dixon" class="mw-redirect" title="R. M. W. Dixon">Dixon, R. M. W.</a> (1977). "A grammar of Yidiny". Cambridge Studies in Linguistics. Cambridge University Press. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-14242-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-14242-3"><bdi>0-521-14242-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+grammar+of+Yidiny&rft.btitle=Cambridge+Studies+in+Linguistics&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0-521-14242-3&rft.au=Dixon%2C+R.+M.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cairnsindigenous-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cairnsindigenous_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cairnsindigenous_7-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200409215848/https://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/community-environment/first-people/culture-history">"Indigenous culture and history"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cairns_Regional_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns Regional Council">Cairns Regional Council</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/community-environment/first-people/culture-history">the original</a> on 9 April 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cairns+Regional+Council&rft.atitle=Indigenous+culture+and+history&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairns.qld.gov.au%2Fcommunity-environment%2Ffirst-people%2Fculture-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aiatsis.gov.au/sites/default/files/products/native_title_in_the_news/ntnapr13.pdf">"Native Title in the News – April 2013"</a> (PDF). aiatsis.gov.au. Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150424060405/http://aiatsis.gov.au/sites/default/files/products/native_title_in_the_news/ntnapr13.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 24 April 2015. Retrieved 5 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aiatsis.gov.au&rft.atitle=Native+Title+in+the+News+%E2%80%93+April+2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faiatsis.gov.au%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fproducts%2Fnative_title_in_the_news%2Fntnapr13.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20351698">"SKETCHER"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Queenslander" title="The Queenslander">The Queenslander</a>. No. 2021. Queensland, Australia. 3 December 1904. p. 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210201131932/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/20351698">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 5 September 2018 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Queenslander&rft.atitle=SKETCHER.&rft.issue=2021&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1904-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article20351698&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article169858977">"TRINITY BAY"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mackay_Mercury_And_South_Kennedy_Advertiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Mackay Mercury And South Kennedy Advertiser">Mackay Mercury And South Kennedy Advertiser</a>. No. 550. Queensland, Australia. 28 October 1876. p. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210201131953/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/169858977">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 5 September 2018 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mackay+Mercury+And+South+Kennedy+Advertiser&rft.atitle=TRINITY+BAY.&rft.issue=550&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1876-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article169858977&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article174709206">"THORNTON"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Telegraph_(Brisbane)" class="mw-redirect" title="Telegraph (Brisbane)">The Telegraph</a>. No. 1, 246. Queensland, Australia. 9 October 1876. p. 3. Retrieved 5 September 2018 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=THORNTON.&rft.issue=1%2C+246&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1876-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article174709206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article174708058">"HODGKINSON GOLD-FIELD TO TRINITY BAY"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Telegraph_(Brisbane)" class="mw-redirect" title="Telegraph (Brisbane)">The Telegraph</a>. No. 1, 234. Queensland, Australia. 25 September 1876. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210201131956/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/174708058">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 5 September 2018 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=HODGKINSON+GOLD-FIELD+TO+TRINITY+BAY.&rft.issue=1%2C+234&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1876-09-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article174708058&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/explorer/trail/?id=cairns-city-chinese-heritage">"Cairns City Chinese heritage trail"</a>. Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Government. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221117160236/https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/explorer/trail/?id=cairns-city-chinese-heritage">Archived</a> from the original on 17 November 2022. Retrieved 12 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Cairns+City+Chinese+heritage+trail&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.des.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fexplorer%2Ftrail%2F%3Fid%3Dcairns-city-chinese-heritage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobb2012" class="citation book cs1">Robb, Sandi (2012). Cairns Chinatown: a heritage study A history of the Cairns Chinese community. Cairns & District Chinese Association Inc. p. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cairns+Chinatown%3A+a+heritage+study+A+history+of+the+Cairns+Chinese+community&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Cairns+%26+District+Chinese+Association+Inc&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Robb&rft.aufirst=Sandi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobb2012" class="citation book cs1">Robb, Sandi (2012). Cairns Chinatown: a heritage study A history of the Cairns Chinese community. Cairns & District Chinese Association Inc. p. 19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cairns+Chinatown%3A+a+heritage+study+A+history+of+the+Cairns+Chinese+community&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Cairns+%26+District+Chinese+Association+Inc&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Robb&rft.aufirst=Sandi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQueensland_State_Archives" class="citation book cs1">Queensland State Archives. Chinese Census. ITM86452.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chinese+Census&rft.pub=ITM86452&rft.au=Queensland+State+Archives&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobb2012" class="citation book cs1">Robb, Sandi (2012). Cairns Chinatown: a heritage study A history of the Cairns Chinese community. Cairns & District Chinese Association Inc. p. title page.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cairns+Chinatown%3A+a+heritage+study+A+history+of+the+Cairns+Chinese+community&rft.pages=title+page&rft.pub=Cairns+%26+District+Chinese+Association+Inc&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Robb&rft.aufirst=Sandi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobb2012" class="citation book cs1">Robb, Sandi (2012). Cairns Chinatown: a heritage study A history of the Cairns Chinese community. Cairns & District Chinese Association Inc. p. 18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cairns+Chinatown%3A+a+heritage+study+A+history+of+the+Cairns+Chinese+community&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Cairns+%26+District+Chinese+Association+Inc&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Robb&rft.aufirst=Sandi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobb2012" class="citation book cs1">Robb, Sandi (2012). Cairns Chinatown: a heritage study A history of the Cairns Chinese community. Cairns & District Chinese Association Inc. p. 87.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cairns+Chinatown%3A+a+heritage+study+A+history+of+the+Cairns+Chinese+community&rft.pages=87&rft.pub=Cairns+%26+District+Chinese+Association+Inc&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Robb&rft.aufirst=Sandi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_20-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairns.catholic.org.au/parishes/cairnscathedral.html">"Cairns Cathedral Parish"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Cairns" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Cairns">Roman Catholic Diocese of Cairns</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201118115123/http://www.cairns.catholic.org.au/parishes/cairnscathedral.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 November 2020. Retrieved 18 November 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roman+Catholic+Diocese+of+Cairns&rft.atitle=Cairns+Cathedral+Parish&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairns.catholic.org.au%2Fparishes%2Fcairnscathedral.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.murraylyons.com.au/history">"History of Murray & Lyons Solicitors – Cairns Legal Practice"</a>. www.murraylyons.com.au. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150227205123/http://www.murraylyons.com.au/history">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2015. Retrieved 5 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.murraylyons.com.au&rft.atitle=History+of+Murray+%26+Lyons+Solicitors+%E2%80%93+Cairns+Legal+Practice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.murraylyons.com.au%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518080643/http://www.cairnscruiselinerterminal.com.au/History">"Ports North – Cairns Cruise Liner Terminal – History"</a>. www.cairnscruiselinerterminal.com.au. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairnscruiselinerterminal.com.au/History">the original</a> on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 5 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cairnscruiselinerterminal.com.au&rft.atitle=Ports+North+%E2%80%93+Cairns+Cruise+Liner+Terminal+%E2%80%93+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairnscruiselinerterminal.com.au%2FHistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/185520329#">"Auction Sales"</a>. Telegraph. 16 February 1889. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191225174908/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/185520329">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Telegraph&rft.atitle=Auction+Sales&rft.date=1889-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fnewspaper%2Farticle%2F185520329%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article174772504">"Auction Sales"</a>. Telegraph. 26 April 1889. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210201131929/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/174772504">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Telegraph&rft.atitle=Auction+Sales&rft.date=1889-04-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article174772504&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation document cs1">"The Wharf Estate, Cairns" (Document). State Library of Queensland.: John McNamara & Co/McKellar lithographers. 19 February 1889. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10462%2Fderiv%2F253188">10462/deriv/253188</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wharf+Estate%2C+Cairns&rft.place=State+Library+of+Queensland.&rft.pub=John+McNamara+%26+Co%2FMcKellar+lithographers&rft.date=1889-02-19&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10462%2Fderiv%2F253188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20993850">"Memorial unveiled at Cairns"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Brisbane_Courier" class="mw-redirect" title="The Brisbane Courier">The Brisbane Courier</a>. 27 April 1926. p. 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210201131912/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/20993850">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 6 April 2014 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Brisbane+Courier&rft.atitle=Memorial+unveiled+at+Cairns.&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1926-04-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article20993850&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://monumentaustralia.org.au/display/90962-sailors%60-and-soldiers%60-war-memorial">"Sailors and Soldiers War Memorial"</a>. Monument Australia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140407125046/http://monumentaustralia.org.au/display/90962-sailors%60-and-soldiers%60-war-memorial">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 6 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sailors+and+Soldiers+War+Memorial&rft.pub=Monument+Australia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmonumentaustralia.org.au%2Fdisplay%2F90962-sailors%2560-and-soldiers%2560-war-memorial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110408134900/http://www.airforce.gov.au/raafmuseum/research/bases/cairns.htm">"Cairns"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RAAF_Museum" title="RAAF Museum">RAAF Museum</a>. Royal Australian Air Force. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airforce.gov.au/raafmuseum/research/bases/cairns.htm">the original</a> on 8 April 2011. Retrieved 13 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RAAF+Museum&rft.atitle=Cairns&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airforce.gov.au%2Fraafmuseum%2Fresearch%2Fbases%2Fcairns.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKie1960" class="citation book cs1">McKie, Ronald (1960). The Heroes. Sydney: Angus & Robertson Ltd. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-207-12133-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-207-12133-8"><bdi>0-207-12133-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Heroes&rft.place=Sydney&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Angus+%26+Robertson+Ltd&rft.date=1960&rft.isbn=0-207-12133-8&rft.aulast=McKie&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tourism.tropicalnorthqueensland.org.au/what-we-do/our-history/">"Our History"</a>. Tropical North Queensland. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230421042828/https://tourism.tropicalnorthqueensland.org.au/what-we-do/our-history/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tropical+North+Queensland&rft.atitle=Our+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftourism.tropicalnorthqueensland.org.au%2Fwhat-we-do%2Four-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census2016-31"><a href="#cite_ref-Census2016_31-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAustralian_Bureau_of_Statistics2017" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Australian Bureau of Statistics">Australian Bureau of Statistics</a> (27 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2016/UCL303001">"Cairns (UCL)"</a>. 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2016+Census+QuickStats&rft.atitle=Cairns+%28UCL%29&rft.date=2017-06-27&rft.au=Australian+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abs.gov.au%2Fcensus%2Ffind-census-data%2Fquickstats%2F2016%2FUCL303001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189133#P4093" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><noscript><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" data-alt="Edit this at Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tradelinked-cairns-png.com/areas/">"Regions we visit"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regions+we+visit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tradelinked-cairns-png.com%2Fareas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairns-australia.com/cairns-geography.html">"Cairns Geography - Cairns Australia"</a>. www.cairns-australia.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230421042831/https://www.cairns-australia.com/cairns-geography.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cairns-australia.com&rft.atitle=Cairns+Geography+-+Cairns+Australia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairns-australia.com%2Fcairns-geography.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTapperTapper1996" class="citation book cs1">Tapper, Andrew; Tapper, Nigel (1996). Gray, Kathleen (ed.). The weather and climate of Australia and New Zealand (First ed.). Melbourne, Australia: Oxford University Press. p. 300. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-553393-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-553393-3"><bdi>0-19-553393-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+weather+and+climate+of+Australia+and+New+Zealand&rft.place=Melbourne%2C+Australia&rft.pages=300&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-19-553393-3&rft.aulast=Tapper&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Tapper%2C+Nigel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLinacreGeerts,_Bart1997" class="citation book cs1">Linacre, Edward; Geerts, Bart (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mkZa1KLHCAQC&pg=PA379">Climates and Weather Explained</a>. London: Routledge. p. 379. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-12519-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-12519-7"><bdi>0-415-12519-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160624104916/https://books.google.com/books?id=mkZa1KLHCAQC&lpg=PA379&pg=PA379">Archived</a> from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Climates+and+Weather+Explained&rft.place=London&rft.pages=379&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-415-12519-7&rft.aulast=Linacre&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.au=Geerts%2C+Bart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmkZa1KLHCAQC%26pg%3DPA379&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CoC-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CoC_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CoC_36-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bom.gov.au/qld/cairns/climate.shtml">"Climate of Cairns"</a>. Bureau of Meteorology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110320220732/http://www.bom.gov.au/qld/cairns/climate.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2011. Retrieved 13 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bureau+of+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Climate+of+Cairns&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bom.gov.au%2Fqld%2Fcairns%2Fclimate.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ave-37"><a href="#cite_ref-ave_37-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_031011_All.shtml">"Climate statistics for Cairns Aero AWS"</a>. Bureau of Meteorology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120111032613/http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_031011_All.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 23 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+statistics+for+Cairns+Aero+AWS&rft.pub=Bureau+of+Meteorology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bom.gov.au%2Fclimate%2Faverages%2Ftables%2Fcw_031011_All.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seatemperature.org/australia-pacific/australia/cairns.htm">"Cairns Sea Temperature | Australia Water Temperatures"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160917212902/http://www.seatemperature.org/australia-pacific/australia/cairns.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cairns+Sea+Temperature+%26%23124%3B+Australia+Water+Temperatures&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seatemperature.org%2Faustralia-pacific%2Faustralia%2Fcairns.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/cvg/av?p_stn_num=031011&p_prim_element_index=0&p_comp_element_index=0&redraw=null&p_display_type=full_statistics_table&normals_years=1991-2020&tablesizebutt=normal">"Cairns Aero Climate Statistics (1991-2020)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Meteorology" title="Bureau of Meteorology">Bureau of Meteorology</a>. Retrieved 14 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cairns+Aero+Climate+Statistics+%281991-2020%29&rft.pub=Bureau+of+Meteorology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bom.gov.au%2Fjsp%2Fncc%2Fcdio%2Fcvg%2Fav%3Fp_stn_num%3D031011%26p_prim_element_index%3D0%26p_comp_element_index%3D0%26redraw%3Dnull%26p_display_type%3Dfull_statistics_table%26normals_years%3D1991-2020%26tablesizebutt%3Dnormal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_031011_All.shtml">"Cairns Aero Climate Statistics (1941-2024)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Meteorology" title="Bureau of Meteorology">Bureau of Meteorology</a>. Retrieved 14 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cairns+Aero+Climate+Statistics+%281941-2024%29&rft.pub=Bureau+of+Meteorology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bom.gov.au%2Fclimate%2Faverages%2Ftables%2Fcw_031011_All.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-abc-cairns-record-15-dec-23-41"><a href="#cite_ref-abc-cairns-record-15-dec-23_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacquesHilaryand2023" class="citation news cs1">Jacques, Owen; Hilary, Hilary; and, Staff (17 December 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-12-17/qld-flooding-fnq-cyclone-jasper-sunday/103238806">"Cairns cut off with 'worst flood on record' as mayors call for help from Australian Defence Force"</a>. ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231216232137/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-12-17/qld-flooding-fnq-cyclone-jasper-sunday/103238806">Archived</a> from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Cairns+cut+off+with+%27worst+flood+on+record%27+as+mayors+call+for+help+from+Australian+Defence+Force&rft.date=2023-12-17&rft.aulast=Jacques&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft.au=Hilary%2C+Hilary&rft.au=and%2C+Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2023-12-17%2Fqld-flooding-fnq-cyclone-jasper-sunday%2F103238806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> (updated 18 Dec 2023) </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_42-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/388497/SLQ_StatsBulletin1617_20171109.pdf">"Queensland Public Library Statistical Bulletin 2016–17"</a> (PDF). Public Library Connect. November 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180130022546/http://www.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/388497/SLQ_StatsBulletin1617_20171109.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 19 January 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Public+Library+Connect&rft.atitle=Queensland+Public+Library+Statistical+Bulletin+2016%E2%80%9317&rft.date=2017-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au%2F__data%2Fassets%2Fpdf_file%2F0012%2F388497%2FSLQ_StatsBulletin1617_20171109.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_43-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/networking/directory-of-public-libraries/branches/cairns/city_library">"City Library"</a>. Public Libraries Connect. 25 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180119120912/http://www.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/networking/directory-of-public-libraries/branches/cairns/city_library">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2018. Retrieved 19 January 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Public+Libraries+Connect&rft.atitle=City+Library&rft.date=2015-03-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au%2Fnetworking%2Fdirectory-of-public-libraries%2Fbranches%2Fcairns%2Fcity_library&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/library">"Cairns Libraries homepage"</a>. Cairns Library. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170905020537/http://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/library">Archived</a> from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cairns+Library&rft.atitle=Cairns+Libraries+homepage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairns.qld.gov.au%2Flibrary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR15530" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=600755">"Cairns Railway, Section from Redlynch to Crooked Creek Bridge (entry 600755)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Cairns+Railway%2C+Section+from+Redlynch+to+Crooked+Creek+Bridge+%28entry+600755%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D600755&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16441" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601681">"Dr EA Koch Memorial (entry 601681)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Dr+EA+Koch+Memorial+%28entry+601681%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601681&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16369" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601608">"Barrier Reef Hotel (entry 601608)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Barrier+Reef+Hotel+%28entry+601608%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601608&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16484" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601747">"Bishop's House (entry 601747)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Bishop%27s+House+%28entry+601747%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601747&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16485" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601748">"St Monica's High School Administration Building (entry 601748)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=St+Monica%27s+High+School+Administration+Building+%28entry+601748%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601748&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR15152" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=600377">"Cairns Customs House (former) (entry 600377)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Cairns+Customs+House+%28former%29+%28entry+600377%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D600377&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR15151" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=600376">"Cairns Court House Complex (entry 600376)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Cairns+Court+House+Complex+%28entry+600376%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D600376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16337" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601576">"Cairns City Council Chambers (entry 601576)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Cairns+City+Council+Chambers+%28entry+601576%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16486" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601749">"St Joseph's Convent (entry 601749)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=St+Joseph%27s+Convent+%28entry+601749%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601749&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16697" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601961">"St Monica's War Memorial Cathedral (entry 601961)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=St+Monica%27s+War+Memorial+Cathedral+%28entry+601961%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601961&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR22226" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=602605">"WWII RAN Fuel Installation (entry 602605)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=WWII+RAN+Fuel+Installation+%28entry+602605%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D602605&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR29196" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=602744">"World War II Volunteer Defence Corps, Cairns Control Room (entry 602744)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=World+War+II+Volunteer+Defence+Corps%2C+Cairns+Control+Room+%28entry+602744%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D602744&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR2962" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=602511">"99 Grafton St (entry 602511)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=99+Grafton+St+%28entry+602511%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D602511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-qhr2-58"><a href="#cite_ref-qhr2_58-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHRGrove_Street_Pensioners'_Cottages" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=%7B%7B%7B3%7D%7D%7D">"602832"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 22 January 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=602832&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D%7B%7B%7B3%7D%7D%7D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR2977" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=602536">"Bolands Centre (entry 602536)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Bolands+Centre+%28entry+602536%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D602536&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR15156" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=600381">"Adelaide Steamship Co Ltd (former) (entry 600381)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Adelaide+Steamship+Co+Ltd+%28former%29+%28entry+600381%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D600381&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR15154" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=600379">"Central Court (entry 600379)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Central+Court+%28entry+600379%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D600379&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR15157" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=600382">"Hides Hotel (entry 600382)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Hides+Hotel+%28entry+600382%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D600382&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR15155" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=600380">"School of Arts, Cairns (former) (entry 600380)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=School+of+Arts%2C+Cairns+%28former%29+%28entry+600380%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D600380&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16476" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601739">"Xavier and Sadie Herbert's Cottage (former) (entry 601739)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Xavier+and+Sadie+Herbert%27s+Cottage+%28former%29+%28entry+601739%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601739&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR15158" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=600383">"McLeod Street Pioneer Cemetery (entry 600383)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=McLeod+Street+Pioneer+Cemetery+%28entry+600383%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D600383&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16873" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=602137">"Herries Private Hospital (entry 602137)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Herries+Private+Hospital+%28entry+602137%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D602137&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16487" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601750">"St Monica's Old Cathedral (entry 601750)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=St+Monica%27s+Old+Cathedral+%28entry+601750%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601750&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16302" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601539">"Cairns Masonic Temple (entry 601539)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Cairns+Masonic+Temple+%28entry+601539%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601539&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-qhr-69"><a href="#cite_ref-qhr_69-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR3050" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=602834">"Cairns Technical College and High School Building (entry 602834)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 1 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Cairns+Technical+College+and+High+School+Building+%28entry+602834%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D602834&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR15153" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=600378">"Cairns War Memorial (entry 600378)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Cairns+War+Memorial+%28entry+600378%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D600378&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16649" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601913">"Mulgrave Shire Council Chambers (former) (entry 601913)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Mulgrave+Shire+Council+Chambers+%28former%29+%28entry+601913%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR31331" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=602738">"Floriana (entry 602738)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Floriana+%28entry+602738%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D602738&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16527" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601790">"Cairns Wharf Complex (entry 601790)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Cairns+Wharf+Complex+%28entry+601790%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601790&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQHR16371" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.ehp.qld.gov.au/heritage-register/detail/?id=601610">"Jack and Newell Building (former) (entry 601610)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Heritage_Register" title="Queensland Heritage Register">Queensland Heritage Register</a>. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 7 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Queensland+Heritage+Register&rft.atitle=Jack+and+Newell+Building+%28former%29+%28entry+601610%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.ehp.qld.gov.au%2Fheritage-register%2Fdetail%2F%3Fid%3D601610&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQueensland2024" class="citation web cs1">Queensland, Electoral Commission of (20 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecq.qld.gov.au/elections/election-events">"Election events"</a>. www.ecq.qld.gov.au. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240407085957/https://www.ecq.qld.gov.au/elections/election-events">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ecq.qld.gov.au&rft.atitle=Election+events&rft.date=2024-03-20&rft.aulast=Queensland&rft.aufirst=Electoral+Commission+of&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecq.qld.gov.au%2Felections%2Felection-events&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCouncil2022" class="citation web cs1">Council, Cairns Regional (1 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/experience-cairns/facts-figures-history/history/council-history">"Council history"</a>. Cairns Regional Council. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240502120948/https://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/experience-cairns/facts-figures-history/history/council-history">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cairns+Regional+Council&rft.atitle=Council+history&rft.date=2022-04-01&rft.aulast=Council&rft.aufirst=Cairns+Regional&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairns.qld.gov.au%2Fexperience-cairns%2Ffacts-figures-history%2Fhistory%2Fcouncil-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Land Row". The Cairns Post. News Limited. 19 July 2001. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cairns+Post&rft.atitle=Land+Row&rft.pages=1&rft.date=2001-07-19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/council/your-council/mayor-and-councillors/division-6">"Division 6: Kristy Vallely"</a>. 27 April 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240502120949/https://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/council/your-council/mayor-and-councillors/division-6">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Division+6%3A+Kristy+Vallely&rft.date=2023-04-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairns.qld.gov.au%2Fcouncil%2Fyour-council%2Fmayor-and-councillors%2Fdivision-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/qld-election-2015/results/electorates/">2015 Queensland State Election Results</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150225011053/http://www.abc.net.au/news/qld-election-2015/results/electorates/">Archived</a> 25 February 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080307161815/http://www.tourismaustralia.com/content/Research/Factsheets/TopTen_Regions_Dec2006.pdf">"International Market Tourism Facts"</a> (PDF). Tourism Australia. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tourismaustralia.com/content/Research/Factsheets/TopTen_Regions_Dec2006.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 7 March 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+Market+Tourism+Facts&rft.pub=Tourism+Australia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tourismaustralia.com%2Fcontent%2FResearch%2FFactsheets%2FTopTen_Regions_Dec2006.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061014171037/http://www.tourism.australia.com/Research.asp?lang=EN&sub=0361">"Research & Stats"</a>. Tourism Australia. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tourism.australia.com/Research.asp?lang=EN&sub=0361">the original</a> on 14 October 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Research+%26+Stats&rft.pub=Tourism+Australia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tourism.australia.com%2FResearch.asp%3Flang%3DEN%26sub%3D0361&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130605123025/http://www.ttgmice.com/article/chinese-groups-head-for-cairns/">"Chinese groups head for Cairns"</a>. TTGmice. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ttgmice.com/article/chinese-groups-head-for-cairns/">the original</a> on 5 June 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chinese+groups+head+for+Cairns&rft.pub=TTGmice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ttgmice.com%2Farticle%2Fchinese-groups-head-for-cairns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-03-29/cairns-esplanade-lagoon-20-year-anniversary-tourist-attraction/102159016">"Cairns Esplanade Lagoon remains a tourist magnet in Far North Queensland city, 20 years after it was built"</a>. ABC News. 29 March 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230329204313/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-03-29/cairns-esplanade-lagoon-20-year-anniversary-tourist-attraction/102159016">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Cairns+Esplanade+Lagoon+remains+a+tourist+magnet+in+Far+North+Queensland+city%2C+20+years+after+it+was+built&rft.date=2023-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2023-03-29%2Fcairns-esplanade-lagoon-20-year-anniversary-tourist-attraction%2F102159016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/05/23/1053585684244.html">"Backpacker Boobs Cause Stir"</a>. Sydney Morning Herald. 23 May 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080506093706/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/05/23/1053585684244.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2008. Retrieved 29 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Backpacker+Boobs+Cause+Stir&rft.date=2003-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Farticles%2F2003%2F05%2F23%2F1053585684244.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairnsesplanade.com/redevelopment.html">"Cairns Esplanade Redevelopment Progress – Topless Sunbathing"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071028103458/http://www.cairnsesplanade.com/redevelopment.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cairns+Esplanade+Redevelopment+Progress+%E2%80%93+Topless+Sunbathing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairnsesplanade.com%2Fredevelopment.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dfo.com.au/cairns/">"Direct Factory Outlets"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081101005345/http://www.dfo.com.au/cairns/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 November 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Direct+Factory+Outlets&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dfo.com.au%2Fcairns%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairns.com.au/article/2008/12/03/18345_print-version.html">"Direct Benefit"</a>. The Cairns Post. News Limited. 3 December 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091024043732/http://www.cairns.com.au/article/2008/12/03/18345_print-version.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cairns+Post&rft.atitle=Direct+Benefit&rft.date=2008-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairns.com.au%2Farticle%2F2008%2F12%2F03%2F18345_print-version.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110406002813/http://www.cleanenergy.qld.gov.au/zone_files/Office_of_Clean_Energy/william_mccormack.pdf">"William McCormack Place, Stage Two, Cairns"</a> (PDF). Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation. Queensland Government. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleanenergy.qld.gov.au/zone_files/Office_of_Clean_Energy/william_mccormack.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 6 April 2011. Retrieved 13 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Employment%2C+Economic+Development+and+Innovation&rft.atitle=William+McCormack+Place%2C+Stage+Two%2C+Cairns&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleanenergy.qld.gov.au%2Fzone_files%2FOffice_of_Clean_Energy%2Fwilliam_mccormack.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitalready.gov.au/media/DigitalTVTimetable_by_Region.pdf">Regional digital TV timetable</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101216193549/http://www.digitalready.gov.au/media/DigitalTVTimetable_by_Region.pdf">Archived</a> 16 December 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Australian Government </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-90"><a href="#cite_ref-:3_90-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.msfsugar.com.au/">"Msf Sugar"</a>. www.msfsugar.com.au. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151120222436/http://www.msfsugar.com.au/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.msfsugar.com.au&rft.atitle=Msf+Sugar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.msfsugar.com.au%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.msfsugar.com.au/our-mills/mulgrave-mill/">"Mulgrave Mill | Msf Sugar"</a>. www.msfsugar.com.au. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151121212201/http://www.msfsugar.com.au/our-mills/mulgrave-mill/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.msfsugar.com.au&rft.atitle=Mulgrave+Mill+%7C+Msf+Sugar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.msfsugar.com.au%2Four-mills%2Fmulgrave-mill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qldglobe.information.qld.gov.au/">"Queensland Globe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/State_of_Queensland" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Queensland">State of Queensland</a>. Retrieved 9 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Queensland+Globe&rft.pub=State+of+Queensland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqldglobe.information.qld.gov.au%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFar_North_Queensland_Regional_Planning_Advisory_Committee2000" class="citation journal cs1">Far North Queensland Regional Planning Advisory Committee (February 2000). "FNQ Regional Plan – Supporting Technical Documents – Integrated Transport". Far North Queensland Regional Plan: 41–43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0724297480" title="Special:BookSources/0724297480"><bdi>0724297480</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Far+North+Queensland+Regional+Plan&rft.atitle=FNQ+Regional+Plan+%E2%80%93+Supporting+Technical+Documents+%E2%80%93+Integrated+Transport&rft.pages=41-43&rft.date=2000-02&rft.isbn=0724297480&rft.au=Far+North+Queensland+Regional+Planning+Advisory+Committee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/88636/Keeping-our-CBD-inviting.pdf">"Keeping Our CBD Inviting (factsheet)"</a> (PDF). March 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171024100035/http://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/88636/Keeping-our-CBD-inviting.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Keeping+Our+CBD+Inviting+%28factsheet%29&rft.date=2016-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairns.qld.gov.au%2F__data%2Fassets%2Fpdf_file%2F0004%2F88636%2FKeeping-our-CBD-inviting.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBateman2014" class="citation news cs1">Bateman, Daniel (7 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairnspost.com.au/news/cairns/cairns-sunbus-drivers-dont-want-to-leave-temporary-esplanade-terminal/news-story/1208a7627dbee9b315558435b5b23d72">"Cairns Sunbus drivers don't want to leave temporary Esplanade terminal"</a>. Cairns Post. News Corp Australia. Retrieved 24 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cairns+Post&rft.atitle=Cairns+Sunbus+drivers+don%27t+want+to+leave+temporary+Esplanade+terminal&rft.date=2014-07-07&rft.aulast=Bateman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairnspost.com.au%2Fnews%2Fcairns%2Fcairns-sunbus-drivers-dont-want-to-leave-temporary-esplanade-terminal%2Fnews-story%2F1208a7627dbee9b315558435b5b23d72&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQueensland_Department_of_Transport_and_Main_Roads2020" class="citation map cs1">Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads (24 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translink.com.au/sites/default/files/assets/resources/plan-your-journey/maps/200224-cairns-network-map.pdf">"Cairns bus network map"</a> (PDF) (Map). TransLink. Queensland Government. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201018181732/https://translink.com.au/sites/default/files/assets/resources/plan-your-journey/maps/200224-cairns-network-map.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 21 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TransLink&rft.atitle=Cairns+bus+network+map&rft.date=2020-02-24&rft.au=Queensland+Department+of+Transport+and+Main+Roads&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftranslink.com.au%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fassets%2Fresources%2Fplan-your-journey%2Fmaps%2F200224-cairns-network-map.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> The Cairns Range Railway was built to connect the mining centre of Herberton with Cairns. Work began on 10 May 1886; the first sod was turned in Cairns by Samuel Griffith, Premier of Queensland, and the first train arrived in Herberton on 20 October 1910 (Information taken from: A.D. Broughton, A pictorial history of the construction of the Cairns Range Railway, 1886–1891, 1991). </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/-/media/Projects/C/Cairns-Transit-Network/Alignment-Plans/Concept-Design-Report/chapter05_land_use_planning_and_urban_design.pdf?la=en">"Cairns Transport Network: Concept Design Report"</a> (PDF). Department of Transport & Main Roads. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Government" title="Queensland Government">Queensland Government</a>. p. 5.42. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160516124645/http://tmr.qld.gov.au/-/media/Projects/C/Cairns-Transit-Network/Alignment-Plans/Concept-Design-Report/chapter05_land_use_planning_and_urban_design.pdf?la=en">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 16 May 2016. Retrieved 17 March 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Transport+%26+Main+Roads&rft.atitle=Cairns+Transport+Network%3A+Concept+Design+Report&rft.pages=5.42&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tmr.qld.gov.au%2F-%2Fmedia%2FProjects%2FC%2FCairns-Transit-Network%2FAlignment-Plans%2FConcept-Design-Report%2Fchapter05_land_use_planning_and_urban_design.pdf%3Fla%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairnsport.com.au/">"Cairns Port Authority"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050701074245/http://www.cairnsport.com.au/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cairns+Port+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairnsport.com.au%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-100"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_100-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121230103839/http://www.cairnsport.com.au/content/standard.asp?name=MC_Annual_Reports">"Cairns Port Authority 2005/6 Annual Report"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairnsport.com.au/content/standard.asp?name=MC_Annual_Reports">the original</a> on 30 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cairns+Port+Authority+2005%2F6+Annual+Report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairnsport.com.au%2Fcontent%2Fstandard.asp%3Fname%3DMC_Annual_Reports&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RANCairns-101">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RANCairns_101-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RANCairns_101-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080915223433/http://www.navy.gov.au/w/index.php/HMAS_Cairns">"HMAS Cairns"</a>. Royal Australian Navy. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navy.gov.au/w/index.php/HMAS_Cairns">the original</a> on 15 September 2008. Retrieved 21 August 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HMAS+Cairns&rft.pub=Royal+Australian+Navy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navy.gov.au%2Fw%2Findex.php%2FHMAS_Cairns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBergmann2022" class="citation web cs1">Bergmann, Kym (27 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theaustralian.com.au/special-reports/strategic-importance-of-cairns-set-to-grow/news-story/8791d88f5eac383bf19b801aa76c0255">"Strategic importance of Cairns set to grow"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410001046/https://www.theaustralian.com.au/special-reports/strategic-importance-of-cairns-set-to-grow/news-story/8791d88f5eac383bf19b801aa76c0255">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 9 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strategic+importance+of+Cairns+set+to+grow&rft.date=2022-10-27&rft.aulast=Bergmann&rft.aufirst=Kym&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.com.au%2Fspecial-reports%2Fstrategic-importance-of-cairns-set-to-grow%2Fnews-story%2F8791d88f5eac383bf19b801aa76c0255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/region/sister-cities">Sister cities – Cairns Regional Council</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150220070333/http://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/region/sister-cities">Archived</a> 20 February 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Cairns.qld.gov.au. Retrieved on 16 July 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cns.catholic.edu.au/index.php/our-schools/school-information/">"Catholic Education Services Cairns"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140419014332/http://www.cns.catholic.edu.au/index.php/our-schools/school-information/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catholic+Education+Services+Cairns&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cns.catholic.edu.au%2Findex.php%2Four-schools%2Fschool-information%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sac.qld.edu.au/">"St Augustine's Cairns"</a>. St Augustine's College. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181117023645/http://www.sac.qld.edu.au/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 November 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=St+Augustine%27s+College&rft.atitle=St+Augustine%27s+Cairns&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sac.qld.edu.au%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cns.catholic.edu.au/index.php/about/catholic-education-in-the-cairns-diocese/">"Catholic Education in the Cairns Diocese"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140517223659/http://www.cns.catholic.edu.au/index.php/about/catholic-education-in-the-cairns-diocese">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catholic+Education+in+the+Cairns+Diocese&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cns.catholic.edu.au%2Findex.php%2Fabout%2Fcatholic-education-in-the-cairns-diocese%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairns.com.au/article/2012/04/23/215915_local-news.html">A hub of higher learning for Cairns</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120808050415/http://www.cairns.com.au/article/2012/04/23/215915_local-news.html">Archived</a> 8 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140128081744/http://www.health.qld.gov.au/cbhredevelopment/">"Cairns Hospital redevelopment - home page"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.health.qld.gov.au/cbhredevelopment">the original</a> on 28 January 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cairns+Hospital+redevelopment+-+home+page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.health.qld.gov.au%2Fcbhredevelopment&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairnsbaseballleague.com/home.html">Cairns Baseball League</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130825225148/http://cairnsbaseballleague.com/home.html">Archived</a> 25 August 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Cairns Baseball League (23 July 2012). Retrieved on 16 July 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairnsgolfclub.com.au/10-golf/2-city-of-cairns-amateur-golf-week">"City of Cairns Amateur Golf Week - Cairns Golf Club"</a>. www.cairnsgolfclub.com.au. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220715032347/https://www.cairnsgolfclub.com.au/10-golf/2-city-of-cairns-amateur-golf-week">Archived</a> from the original on 15 July 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cairnsgolfclub.com.au&rft.atitle=City+of+Cairns+Amateur+Golf+Week+-+Cairns+Golf+Club&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairnsgolfclub.com.au%2F10-golf%2F2-city-of-cairns-amateur-golf-week&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairnsshow.com.au/events/the-cairns-show.html">Cairns Show Events</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090707062329/http://www.cairnsshow.com.au/events/the-cairns-show.html">Archived</a> 7 July 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cadcai.org/">"Cairns & District Chinese Association Inc"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170921232727/http://cadcai.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cairns+%26+District+Chinese+Association+Inc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cadcai.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdfhs.org/about-us/">"About us"</a>. Cairns and District Family History Society Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170612083126/http://cdfhs.org/about-us/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+us&rft.pub=Cairns+and+District+Family+History+Society+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcdfhs.org%2Fabout-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairnsmuseum.org.au/about-us">"About Us"</a>. Cairns Historical Society. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180314175643/http://www.cairnsmuseum.org.au/about-us">Archived</a> from the original on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 12 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us&rft.pub=Cairns+Historical+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairnsmuseum.org.au%2Fabout-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226010724/http://www.qcwa.org.au/branch-locations/">"Branch Locations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Country_Women%27s_Association" title="Queensland Country Women's Association">Queensland Country Women's Association</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qcwa.org.au/branch-locations/">the original</a> on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 26 December 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Branch+Locations&rft.pub=Queensland+Country+Women%27s+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qcwa.org.au%2Fbranch-locations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-langmap-116">^ <a href="#cite_ref-langmap_116-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-langmap_116-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-langmap_116-2">c</a> <a href="/wiki/File:CC_BY_icon-80x15.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/CC_BY_icon-80x15.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="15"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 80px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/CC_BY_icon-80x15.png" data-width="80" data-height="15" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> This Wikipedia article incorporates <a href="/wiki/CC_BY_4.0" class="mw-redirect" title="CC BY 4.0">CC BY 4.0</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slq.qld.gov.au/home/copyright">licensed</a> text from: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.slq.qld.gov.au/iyil/view/70">"Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map"</a>. State Library of Queensland. <a href="/wiki/State_Library_of_Queensland" title="State Library of Queensland">State Library of Queensland</a>. Retrieved 30 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=State+Library+of+Queensland&rft.atitle=Queensland+Aboriginal+and+Torres+Strait+Islander+languages+map&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmaps.slq.qld.gov.au%2Fiyil%2Fview%2F70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wettropicsplan.org.au/my-backyard/cairns-region/local-cultural-connections/">"Local Traditional Owners From The Cairns Region, Far North Queensland"</a>. Wet Tropics Plan. 10 November 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184218/https://www.wettropicsplan.org.au/my-backyard/cairns-region/local-cultural-connections/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 5 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wet+Tropics+Plan&rft.atitle=Local+Traditional+Owners+From+The+Cairns+Region%2C+Far+North+Queensland&rft.date=2018-11-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wettropicsplan.org.au%2Fmy-backyard%2Fcairns-region%2Flocal-cultural-connections%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090707045934/http://www.biggeststars.com/c/christine-anu-biography.html">"Christine Anu – Biography"</a>. BiggestStars.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biggeststars.com/c/christine-anu-biography.html">the original</a> on 7 July 2009. Retrieved 14 December 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BiggestStars.com&rft.atitle=Christine+Anu+%E2%80%93+Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biggeststars.com%2Fc%2Fchristine-anu-biography.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Christine Anu". <a href="/wiki/Who_Do_You_Think_You_Are%3F_(Australian_TV_series)" title="Who Do You Think You Are? (Australian TV series)">Who Do You Think You Are?</a>. Season 2. Episode 4. 18 October 2009. 3:55 minutes in. <a href="/wiki/Special_Broadcasting_Service" title="Special Broadcasting Service">Special Broadcasting Service</a>. <a href="/wiki/SBS_One" class="mw-redirect" title="SBS One">SBS One</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who+Do+You+Think+You+Are%3F&rft.series=Season+2.+Episode+4&rft.date=2009-10-18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairnspost.com.au/sport/afl-cairns-rise-of-poppy-boltz/news-story/e0055e81b97ba3679cba911e76f2638b">AFL Cairns: Rise of Poppy Boltz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240512072459/https://login.newscorpaustralia.com/authorize?client_id=KZfrePEaE0xQQCkDYsSxV4eUjPrS5OLH&response_type=token%20id_token&scope=openid%20profile&audience=newscorpaustralia&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairnspost.com.au%2Fremote%2Fidentity%2Fauth%2Flatest%2Flogin%2Fcallback.html&state=U6nlqiLlkk1cQ.~H-U8g3nlFdDYRmro_&nonce=xElFlnyQP2h9LmFRN8Tjzat4dv0Rurjf&response_mode=web_message&prompt=none&auth0Client=eyJuYW1lIjoiYXV0aDAuanMiLCJ2ZXJzaW9uIjoiOS4yNC4xIn0%3D">Archived</a> 12 May 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> from Cairns Post 1 December 2023 </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairnspost.com.au/news/cairns/from-cairns-to-geelong-how-jack-bowes-kicked-his-career-goals-to-be-signed-up-by-the-2022-premiers/news-story/a3c3fe77523e47b0f531f8a51f5cc1c5">Former Cairns player’s latest career goal kicked in Geelong</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240512072447/https://login.newscorpaustralia.com/authorize?client_id=KZfrePEaE0xQQCkDYsSxV4eUjPrS5OLH&response_type=token%20id_token&scope=openid%20profile&audience=newscorpaustralia&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairnspost.com.au%2Fremote%2Fidentity%2Fauth%2Flatest%2Flogin%2Fcallback.html&state=8oq4i9Y6skviETVdUxPrB_Y0PJaS2Vgr&nonce=epFO7YrxZ20lb4hOCfwBXAY4grZckVzO&response_mode=web_message&prompt=none&auth0Client=eyJuYW1lIjoiYXV0aDAuanMiLCJ2ZXJzaW9uIjoiOS4yNC4xIn0%3D">Archived</a> 12 May 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> from Cairns Post 13 October 2022 </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairnspost.com.au/sport/local-sport/dupuys-dualsports-skills-shine-as-rays-captain-stars-for-suns/news-story/f223a1990723ca9221bb48f82bec9fb1">Dupuy’s dual-sports skills shine as Rays captain stars for Suns</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240512072435/https://login.newscorpaustralia.com/authorize?client_id=KZfrePEaE0xQQCkDYsSxV4eUjPrS5OLH&response_type=token%20id_token&scope=openid%20profile&audience=newscorpaustralia&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairnspost.com.au%2Fremote%2Fidentity%2Fauth%2Flatest%2Flogin%2Fcallback.html&state=oTb570kTh7tt6l9LtIw3Sl6UIbfpM84M&nonce=O5IAEvVr_iuTz.fbqMqlUBrsHviDNq3u&response_mode=web_message&prompt=none&auth0Client=eyJuYW1lIjoiYXV0aDAuanMiLCJ2ZXJzaW9uIjoiOS4yNC4xIn0%3D">Archived</a> 12 May 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> from Cairns Post 26 June 2019 </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tropicnow.com.au/2021/august/2/from-trinity-beach-to-the-world-stage-the-rise-of-teen-matildas-sensation-mary-fowler">"From Trinity Beach to the world stage: the rise of teen Matildas sensation Mary Fowler"</a>. www.tropicnow.com.au. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230621053848/https://www.tropicnow.com.au/2021/august/2/from-trinity-beach-to-the-world-stage-the-rise-of-teen-matildas-sensation-mary-fowler">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.tropicnow.com.au&rft.atitle=From+Trinity+Beach+to+the+world+stage%3A+the+rise+of+teen+Matildas+sensation+Mary+Fowler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tropicnow.com.au%2F2021%2Faugust%2F2%2Ffrom-trinity-beach-to-the-world-stage-the-rise-of-teen-matildas-sensation-mary-fowler&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ANU-124"><a href="#cite_ref-ANU_124-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDougall" class="citation book cs1">McDougall, Russell. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/herbert-albert-francis-xavier-12623">"Albert Francis Xavier Herbert (1901–1984)"</a>. Biography – Albert Francis Xavier Herbert. Australian National University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130511112359/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/herbert-albert-francis-xavier-12623">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Albert+Francis+Xavier+Herbert+%281901%E2%80%931984%29&rft.btitle=Biography+%E2%80%93+Albert+Francis+Xavier+Herbert&rft.pub=Australian+National+University&rft.aulast=McDougall&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadb.anu.edu.au%2Fbiography%2Fherbert-albert-francis-xavier-12623&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-womensweekly-125"><a href="#cite_ref-womensweekly_125-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoys,_Larry1973" class="citation news cs1">Boys, Larry (6 June 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/47224788/4885882">"Can't help lovin that gal from Cairns"</a>. The Australian Women's Weekly. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160506015146/http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/47224788/4885882">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2016 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Australian+Women%27s+Weekly&rft.atitle=Can%27t+help+lovin+that+gal+from+Cairns&rft.date=1973-06-06&rft.au=Boys%2C+Larry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fnewspaper%2Farticle%2F47224788%2F4885882&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(21)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-21 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-21"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Cairns at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cairns,_Queensland" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Cairns, Queensland">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Cairns" class="extiw" title="voy:Cairns">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/">Cairns City Council Website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://queenslandplaces.com.au/cairns">University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Cairns</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ilovecairns.com.au/">Cairns Local Information Website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nfsa.gov.au/blog/2012/08/21/far-north-queensland-time-capsule/">Watch historical footage of Cairns and Far North Queensland</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130512033111/http://www.nfsa.gov.au/blog/2012/08/21/far-north-queensland-time-capsule/">Archived</a> 12 May 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> from the <a href="/wiki/National_Film_and_Sound_Archive" title="National Film and Sound Archive">National Film and Sound Archive</a> of Australia's collection.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.australia.com/en/places/cairns-and-surrounds/guide-to-cairns.html">Cairns</a> – Tourism Australia</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKenzieColemanWixted2011" class="citation web cs1">McKenzie, Jane; Coleman, Ros; Wixted, David (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/40888/CairnsThematic.pdf">"A Thematic History of the City of Cairns and its Regional Towns"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Cairns_City_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairns City Council">Cairns City Council</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180424061436/http://www.cairns.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/40888/CairnsThematic.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 24 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Thematic+History+of+the+City+of+Cairns+and+its+Regional+Towns&rft.pub=Cairns+City+Council&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=McKenzie&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.au=Coleman%2C+Ros&rft.au=Wixted%2C+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairns.qld.gov.au%2F__data%2Fassets%2Fpdf_file%2F0010%2F40888%2FCairnsThematic.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACairns" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Freeman, Jennifer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.slq.qld.gov.au/blog/collinson-index">The Collinson Index</a>. <a href="/wiki/State_Library_of_Queensland" title="State Library of Queensland">State Library of Queensland</a> [blog post, 2 September 2011]</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cairns&oldid=1259093639">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cairns&oldid=1259093639</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Cairns&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 23 November 2024, at 09:18 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B2_(%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF)" title="كيرنز (ولاية كوينزلاند) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كيرنز (ولاية كوينزلاند)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B2" title="کنز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کنز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B8" title="কেয়ার্নস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কেয়ার্নস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Кэрнс – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кэрнс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Кернс – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кернс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns_(lungsod)" title="Cairns (lungsod) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Cairns (lungsod)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B2_(%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7)" title="کنز (استرالیا) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کنز (استرالیا)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B9irn" title="Cùirn – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cùirn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BC%80%EC%96%B8%EC%8A%A4" title="케언스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="케언스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%BD" title="Քերնս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քերնս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="केर्न्स – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="केर्न्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81_(%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4)" title="Кэрнс (Квинсленд) – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кэрнс (Квинсленд)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A1" title="קיירנס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קיירנס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="კერნზი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კერნზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%93rnsa" title="Kērnsa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kērnsa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernsas" title="Kernsas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kernsas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="केर्न्स – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="केर्न्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B2,_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF" title="كيرنز, كوينزلاند – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كيرنز, كوينزلاند" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ကိန်းမြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကိန်းမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B1%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BA" title="ケアンズ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケアンズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B2" title="کارنز – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کارنز" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kens" title="Kens – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Kens" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns,_Queensland" title="Cairns, Queensland – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cairns, Queensland" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81_(%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4)" title="Кэрнс (Квинсленд) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кэрнс (Квинсленд)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="कैर्न्स – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कैर्न्स" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8E%D9%86%D8%B2" title="کێنز – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کێنز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Кернс – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кернс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Кернс – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кернс" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Кернс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кернс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B2" title="کیرنز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیرنز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Cairns" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%88%E6%98%86%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E%EF%BC%89" title="凯恩斯（昆士兰州） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="凯恩斯（昆士兰州）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%AC%E5%85%B9" title="柬兹 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="柬兹" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF_(%E6%98%86%E5%A3%AB%E8%98%AD%E5%B7%9E)" title="凱恩斯 (昆士蘭州) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="凱恩斯 (昆士蘭州)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 November 2024, at 09:18 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cairns&mobileaction=toggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Desktop</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div>  <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-rp9p7","wgBackendResponseTime":213,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.618","walltime":"1.960","ppvisitednodes":{"value":11574,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":359937,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":12960,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":20,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":468154,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1629.747 1 -total"," 41.65% 678.741 2 Template:Reflist"," 24.52% 399.645 89 Template:Cite_web"," 20.13% 328.056 1 Template:Infobox_Australian_place"," 6.82% 111.199 30 Template:Cite_QHR"," 6.75% 109.994 1 Template:Nativename"," 6.25% 101.822 4 Template:Navbox"," 5.97% 97.234 1 Template:Census_2021_AUS"," 5.79% 94.322 1 Template:Cairns_Region"," 3.95% 64.371 12 Template:Cite_news"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.959","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":23630813,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-7556f8b5dd-wvwdt","timestamp":"20241123091857","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Cairns","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cairns","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q189133","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q189133","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-08-27T05:55:26Z","dateModified":"2024-11-23T09:18:55Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/54\/Cairns_%28Queensland%29_%28cropped%29.jpg","headline":"city in Queensland, Australia"}</script><script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> </body> </html>