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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colonial_conflicts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Colonial conflicts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colonial_conflicts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_Boer_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_Boer_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Second Boer War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_Boer_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_World_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_World_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>First World War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_World_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_World_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_World_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Second World War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_World_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cold_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cold_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Cold War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cold_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Post-War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1</span> <span>Post-War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Korean_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Korean_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.2</span> <span>Korean War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Korean_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irregular_warfare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irregular_warfare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.3</span> <span>Irregular warfare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irregular_warfare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnam_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnam_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.4</span> <span>Vietnam War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnam_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peacekeeping_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peacekeeping_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Peacekeeping operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peacekeeping_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_history_(1999–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_history_(1999–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Recent history (1999–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_history_(1999–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Regiments_and_corps_of_the_New_Zealand_Army" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regiments_and_corps_of_the_New_Zealand_Army"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Regiments and corps of the New Zealand Army</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regiments_and_corps_of_the_New_Zealand_Army-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Army_Reserve" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Army_Reserve"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Army Reserve</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Army_Reserve-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personnel</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personnel subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Strength" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strength"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Strength</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strength-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uniforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uniforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Uniforms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uniforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rank_structure_and_insignia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rank_structure_and_insignia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Rank structure and insignia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rank_structure_and_insignia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Equipment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Equipment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Infantry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infantry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Infantry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infantry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mortars_and_artillery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mortars_and_artillery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Mortars and artillery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mortars_and_artillery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Armour</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport_and_utility_vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport_and_utility_vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Transport and utility vehicles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport_and_utility_vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_deployments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_deployments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Operational deployments</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Operational_deployments-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Operational deployments subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Operational_deployments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Former" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Former</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commemorations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commemorations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Commemorations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commemorations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">New Zealand Army</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arm%C3%A1da_Nov%C3%A9ho_Z%C3%A9landu" title="Armáda Nového Zélandu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Armáda Nového Zélandu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_Army" title="New Zealand Army – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="New Zealand Army" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Nueva_Zelanda" title="Ejército de Nueva Zelanda – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ejército de Nueva Zelanda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B4_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ارتش نیوزیلند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ارتش نیوزیلند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_Army" title="New Zealand Army – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="New Zealand Army" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%89%B4%EC%A7%88%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C_%EC%9C%A1%EA%B5%B0" title="뉴질랜드 육군 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뉴질랜드 육군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_Army" title="New Zealand Army – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="New Zealand Army" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95_%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="צבא ניו זילנד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צבא ניו זילנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaunz%C4%93landes_armija" title="Jaunzēlandes armija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jaunzēlandes armija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentera_Darat_New_Zealand" title="Tentera Darat New Zealand – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tentera Darat New Zealand" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand_Army" title="New Zealand Army – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="New Zealand Army" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex%C3%A9rcito_da_Nova_Zel%C3%A2ndia" title="Exército da Nova Zelândia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Exército da Nova Zelândia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Сухопутные войска Новой Зеландии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сухопутные войска Новой Зеландии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="กองทัพบกนิวซีแลนด์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กองทัพบกนิวซีแลนด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Новозеландська армія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Новозеландська армія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E8%98%AD%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D" title="新西蘭陸軍 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="新西蘭陸軍" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2630039#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22New+Zealand+Army%22">"New Zealand Army"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22New+Zealand+Army%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22New+Zealand+Army%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22New+Zealand+Army%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22New+Zealand+Army%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22New+Zealand+Army%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">New Zealand Army</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</a>: <i lang="mi">Ngāti Tūmatauenga</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crest_of_the_New_Zealand_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Crest_of_the_New_Zealand_Army.svg/175px-Crest_of_the_New_Zealand_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Crest_of_the_New_Zealand_Army.svg/263px-Crest_of_the_New_Zealand_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Crest_of_the_New_Zealand_Army.svg/350px-Crest_of_the_New_Zealand_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="249" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1845<span class="noprint">; 180 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1845</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_New_Zealand" title="Colony of New Zealand">Colony of New Zealand</a> (1845–1907)</li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand"><img alt="New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_Zealand" title="Dominion of New Zealand">Dominion of New Zealand</a> (1907–1947)</li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand"><img alt="New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a><br />(1947–present)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Army" title="Army">Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Land_warfare" title="Land warfare">Land warfare</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">4,292 (Regular)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />2,052 (Reserve)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Defence_Force" title="New Zealand Defence Force">New Zealand Defence Force</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Garrison/HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wellington" title="Wellington">Wellington</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data">Red and black</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Anniversaries</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anzac_Day" title="Anzac Day">Anzac Day</a>, <a href="/wiki/25_April" class="mw-redirect" title="25 April">25 April</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Equipment</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_New_Zealand_Army" title="List of equipment of the New Zealand Army">List of equipment of the New Zealand Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Flagstaff_War" title="Flagstaff War">Flagstaff War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/First_Taranaki_War" title="First Taranaki War">First Taranaki War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Second_Taranaki_War" title="Second Taranaki War">Second Taranaki War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_the_Waikato" title="Invasion of the Waikato">Invasion of the Waikato</a><br /><a href="/wiki/East_Cape_War" title="East Cape War">East Cape War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/T%C4%ABtokowaru%27s_War" title="Tītokowaru's War">Tītokowaru's War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Te_Kooti%27s_War" title="Te Kooti's War">Te Kooti's War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Second Boer War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Malayan_Emergency" title="Malayan Emergency">Malayan Emergency</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Borneo_Confrontation" class="mw-redirect" title="Borneo Confrontation">Borneo Confrontation</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Operation_Midford" title="Operation Midford">Operation Midford</a><br /><a href="/wiki/East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timor">East Timor</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon Islands Civil War">Solomon Islands</a><br /><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Operation_Astute" title="Operation Astute">Operation Astute</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nzdf.mil.nz/army/">https://www.nzdf.mil.nz/army/</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander-in-Chief">Commander-in-Chief</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Governor-General of New Zealand">Governor-General</a> <a href="/wiki/Cindy_Kiro" title="Cindy Kiro">Dame Alcyion Cynthia Kiro</a>, as representative of <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> as <a href="/wiki/King_of_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="King of New Zealand">King of New Zealand</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Defence_Force_(New_Zealand)" title="Chief of Defence Force (New Zealand)">Chief of Defence Force</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data">Air Marshal Tony Davies</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Army_(New_Zealand)" title="Chief of Army (New Zealand)">Chief of Army</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Major General <a href="/wiki/Rose_King_(army_officer)" title="Rose King (army officer)">Rose King</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Logo</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand_Army_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f7/New_Zealand_Army_logo.svg/170px-New_Zealand_Army_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f7/New_Zealand_Army_logo.svg/255px-New_Zealand_Army_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f7/New_Zealand_Army_logo.svg/340px-New_Zealand_Army_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="571" data-file-height="138" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Wartime flag</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/170px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/255px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/340px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>New Zealand Army</b> (<a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</a>: <i lang="mi">Ngāti Tūmatauenga</i>, <span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Tribe of the <a href="/wiki/T%C5%ABmatauenga" title="Tūmatauenga">God of War</a></span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><sup id="cite_ref-Newsroom_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newsroom-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is the principal <a href="/wiki/Army" title="Army">land warfare force</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, a component of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Defence_Force" title="New Zealand Defence Force">New Zealand Defence Force</a> alongside the <a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Navy" title="Royal New Zealand Navy">Royal New Zealand Navy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Air_Force" title="Royal New Zealand Air Force">Royal New Zealand Air Force</a>. </p><p>Formed in 1845, as the <b>New Zealand Military Forces</b>, the Army traces its history from settler militia raised in that same year.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current name was adopted by the New Zealand Army Act 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During its history, the New Zealand Army has fought in a number of major wars, including the <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War#New_Zealand" title="Second Boer War">Second Boer War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_World_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World Wars">Second World Wars</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_in_the_Korean_War" title="New Zealand in the Korean War">Korean War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Malayan_Emergency" title="Malayan Emergency">Malayan Emergency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Malaysia_confrontation" title="Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation">Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_in_the_Vietnam_War" title="New Zealand in the Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, and more recently in <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq</a> and <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">Afghanistan</a>. </p><p>Since the 1970s, deployments have tended to be assistance to multilateral peacekeeping efforts. Considering the small size of the force, operational commitments have remained high since the start of the <a href="/wiki/INTERFET" class="mw-redirect" title="INTERFET">East Timor</a> deployment in 1999. New Zealand personnel also served in several <a href="/wiki/List_of_UN_peacekeeping_missions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UN peacekeeping missions">UN</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_non-UN_peacekeeping_missions" title="List of non-UN peacekeeping missions">other</a> <a href="/wiki/Peacekeeping" title="Peacekeeping">peacekeeping</a> missions including the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Assistance_Mission_to_Solomon_Islands" title="Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands">Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Multinational_Force_and_Observers" title="Multinational Force and Observers">Sinai</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_South_Sudan" title="United Nations Mission in South Sudan">South Sudan</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Sudan" title="United Nations Mission in Sudan">Sudan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NZIISS2011_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NZIISS2011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/New_Zealand_Army" title="Special:EditPage/New Zealand Army">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22New+Zealand+Army%22">"New Zealand Army"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22New+Zealand+Army%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22New+Zealand+Army%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22New+Zealand+Army%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22New+Zealand+Army%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22New+Zealand+Army%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_New_Zealand" title="Military history of New Zealand">Military history of New Zealand</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonial_conflicts">Colonial conflicts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Colonial conflicts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Volunteer_Force_(New_Zealand)" title="Volunteer Force (New Zealand)">Volunteer Force (New Zealand)</a></div> <p>War had been an integral part of the life and culture of the <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a>, even prior to European contact. The <a href="/wiki/Musket_Wars" title="Musket Wars">Musket Wars</a> continued this trend and dominated the first years of European trade and settlement. </p><p>The first European settlers in the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Islands" title="Bay of Islands">Bay of Islands</a> formed a volunteer militia from which some New Zealand Army units trace their origins. British forces and Māori fought in various <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Wars" title="New Zealand Wars">New Zealand Wars</a> starting in 1843, and culminating in the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_the_Waikato" title="Invasion of the Waikato">Invasion of the Waikato</a> in the mid-1860s, during which colonial forces were used with great effect. From the 1870s, the numbers of Imperial (British) troops was reduced, leaving settler units to continue the campaign. </p><p>The first permanent military force was the Colonial Defence Force, which was active in 1862. This was replaced in 1867 by the Armed Constabulary, which performed both military and policing roles. After being renamed the New Zealand Constabulary Force, it was divided into separate military and police forces in 1886. The military force was called the Permanent Militia and later renamed the Permanent Force. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_Boer_War">Second Boer War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Second Boer War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Major <a href="/wiki/Alfred_William_Robin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred William Robin">Alfred William Robin</a> led the First Contingent sent from New Zealand to South Africa to participate in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Boer War</a> in October 1899.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The New Zealand Army sent ten contingents in total (including the <a href="/wiki/4th_New_Zealand_Contingent" title="4th New Zealand Contingent">4th New Zealand Contingent</a>), of which the first six were raised and instructed by Lieutenant Colonel <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry_Banks" title="Joseph Henry Banks">Joseph Henry Banks</a>, who led the 6th Contingent into battle. These were mounted riflemen, and the first contingents had to pay to go, providing their own horses, equipment and weapons. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Landing_stores_with_mules,_Gallipoli,_ca_1915.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Landing_stores_with_mules%2C_Gallipoli%2C_ca_1915.jpg/220px-Landing_stores_with_mules%2C_Gallipoli%2C_ca_1915.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Landing_stores_with_mules%2C_Gallipoli%2C_ca_1915.jpg/330px-Landing_stores_with_mules%2C_Gallipoli%2C_ca_1915.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Landing_stores_with_mules%2C_Gallipoli%2C_ca_1915.jpg/440px-Landing_stores_with_mules%2C_Gallipoli%2C_ca_1915.jpg 2x" data-file-width="701" data-file-height="485" /></a><figcaption>New Zealand troops landing stores, <a href="/wiki/Gallipoli" title="Gallipoli">Gallipoli</a> in <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">WWI</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Defence Act 1909, which displaced the old <a href="/wiki/Volunteer_Force_(New_Zealand)" title="Volunteer Force (New Zealand)">volunteer system</a>, remodelled the defences of the dominion on a territorial basis, embodying the principles of universal service between certain ages. It provided for a territorial force, or fighting strength, fully equipped for modern requirements, of thirty thousand men. These troops, with the territorial reserve, formed the first line; and the second line comprised rifle clubs and training sections. Under the terms of the Act, every male, unless physically unfit, was required to take his share of the defence of the dominion. The Act provided for the gradual military training of every male from the age of 14 to 25, after which he was required to serve in the reserve up to the age of thirty. From the age of 12 to 14, every boy at school performed a certain amount of military training, and, on leaving, was transferred to the senior cadets, with whom he remained, undergoing training, until 18 years of age, when he joined the territorials. After serving in the territorials until 25 (or less if earlier reliefs were recommended), and in the reserve until 30, a discharge was granted; but the man remained liable under the Militia Act to be called up, until he reached the age of 55. As a result of Lord Kitchener's visit to New Zealand in 1910, slight alterations were made—chiefly affecting the general and administrative staffs, and which included the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Staff_Corps" title="New Zealand Staff Corps">New Zealand Staff Corps</a>—and the scheme was set in motion in January, 1911. Major-General Sir Alexander Godley, of the Imperial General Staff, was engaged as commandant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_World_War">First World War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: First World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_New_Zealand_in_World_War_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of New Zealand in World War I">Military history of New Zealand in World War I</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BG_Hart_inspecting_men_of_4th_Brigade,_July_1917.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/BG_Hart_inspecting_men_of_4th_Brigade%2C_July_1917.jpg/220px-BG_Hart_inspecting_men_of_4th_Brigade%2C_July_1917.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/BG_Hart_inspecting_men_of_4th_Brigade%2C_July_1917.jpg/330px-BG_Hart_inspecting_men_of_4th_Brigade%2C_July_1917.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/BG_Hart_inspecting_men_of_4th_Brigade%2C_July_1917.jpg/440px-BG_Hart_inspecting_men_of_4th_Brigade%2C_July_1917.jpg 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="499" /></a><figcaption>New Zealand soldiers in France during 1917</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>, New Zealand raised the initially all volunteer <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Expeditionary_Force" title="New Zealand Expeditionary Force">New Zealand Expeditionary Force</a> (NZEF) for service overseas. A smaller expeditionary force, the <a href="/wiki/Samoa_Expeditionary_Force" title="Samoa Expeditionary Force">Samoa Expeditionary Force</a>, was tasked to occupy <a href="/wiki/German_Samoa" title="German Samoa">German Samoa</a>, which it achieved without resistance.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The NZEF would be sent to Egypt and would participate in the <a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallipoli Campaign">Gallipoli Campaign</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Australian_and_New_Zealand_Army_Corps" title="Australian and New Zealand Army Corps">Australian and New Zealand Army Corps</a> (ANZAC). The <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Division" title="New Zealand Division">New Zealand Division</a> was then formed which fought on the Western Front and the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Mounted_Rifles_Brigade" title="New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade">New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade</a> fought in Palestine. After Major General Godley departed with the NZEF in October 1914, Major General <a href="/wiki/Alfred_William_Robin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred William Robin">Alfred William Robin</a> commanded New Zealand Military Forces at home throughout the war, as commandant. </p><p>The total number of New Zealand troops and nurses to serve overseas in 1914–1918, excluding those in British and other dominion forces, was 100,000, from a population of just over a million. Forty-two percent of men of military age served in the NZEF. 16,697 New Zealanders were killed and 41,317 were wounded during the war—a 58 percent casualty rate. Approximately a further thousand men died within five years of the war's end, as a result of injuries sustained, and 507 died whilst training in New Zealand between 1914 and 1918. New Zealand had one of the highest casualty—and death—rates per capita of any country involved in the war. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_World_War">Second World War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Second World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_New_Zealand_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of New Zealand during World War II">Military history of New Zealand during World War II</a></div><p> During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/2nd_New_Zealand_Expeditionary_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force">2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force</a> (I.E. <a href="/wiki/2nd_Division_(New_Zealand)" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd Division (New Zealand)">2nd Division</a>) fought in <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Western_Desert_campaign" title="Western Desert campaign">Western Desert campaign</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Italian_campaign_(World_War_II)" title="Italian campaign (World War II)">Italian campaign</a>. Among its units was the famed 28th <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_Battalion" title="Māori Battalion">Māori Battalion</a>. Following Japan's entry into the war, <a href="/wiki/3rd_Division_(New_Zealand)" title="3rd Division (New Zealand)">3rd Division</a>, 2 NZEF IP (in Pacific) saw action in the Pacific, seizing a number of islands from the Japanese. New Zealanders contributed to various Allied special forces units, such as the original <a href="/wiki/Long_Range_Desert_Group" title="Long Range Desert Group">Long Range Desert Group</a> in North Africa and <a href="/wiki/Z_Special_Unit" title="Z Special Unit">Z Force</a> in the Pacific.</p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:E_003261_E_Maoris_in_North_Africa_July_1941.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Maori men kneeling, performing the haka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/E_003261_E_Maoris_in_North_Africa_July_1941.jpg/220px-E_003261_E_Maoris_in_North_Africa_July_1941.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/E_003261_E_Maoris_in_North_Africa_July_1941.jpg/330px-E_003261_E_Maoris_in_North_Africa_July_1941.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/E_003261_E_Maoris_in_North_Africa_July_1941.jpg/440px-E_003261_E_Maoris_in_North_Africa_July_1941.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3040" data-file-height="2999" /></a><figcaption>Maori troops performing a haka in North Africa during July 1941</figcaption></figure><p>As part of the preparations for the possible outbreak of war in the Pacific, the defensive forces stationed in New Zealand were expanded in late 1941. On 1 November, three new <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigade</a> headquarters were raised (taking the total in the New Zealand Army to seven), and three divisional headquarters were established to coordinate the units located in the Northern, Central and Southern Military Districts.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooke_262_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooke_262-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The division in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Military_District_(New_Zealand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Military District (New Zealand)">Northern Military District</a> was designated the Northern Division,<sup id="cite_ref-Barrowclough_DNZB_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrowclough_DNZB-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and comprised the <a href="/wiki/1st_Brigade_(New_Zealand)" title="1st Brigade (New Zealand)">1st</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=12th_Brigade_(New_Zealand)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12th Brigade (New Zealand) (page does not exist)">12th Brigade Groups</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Northern Division later became <a href="/wiki/1st_Division_(New_Zealand)" title="1st Division (New Zealand)">1st Division</a>. <a href="/wiki/4th_Division_(New_Zealand)" title="4th Division (New Zealand)">4th Division</a> was established in the Central Military District (with <a href="/wiki/2nd_Infantry_Brigade_(New_Zealand)" title="2nd Infantry Brigade (New Zealand)">2nd</a> and 7th brigades), and <a href="/wiki/5th_Division_(New_Zealand)" title="5th Division (New Zealand)">5th</a> in the south (with 3rd, 10th and 11th brigades). </p><p>The forces stationed in New Zealand were considerably reduced as the threat of invasion passed. During early 1943, each of the three home defence divisions were cut from 22,358 to 11,530 men. The non-divisional units suffered even greater reductions.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooke_279_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooke_279-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The New Zealand government ordered a general stand-down of the defensive forces in the country on 28 June, which led to further reductions in the strength of units and a lower state of readiness.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooke_280_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooke_280-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of the year, almost all of the Territorial Force personnel had been demobilised (though they retained their uniforms and equipment), and only 44 soldiers were posted to the three divisional and seven brigade headquarters.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooke_281_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooke_281-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The war situation continued to improve, and the 4th Division, along with the other two divisions and almost all the remaining Territorial Force units, was disbanded on 1 April 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooke_281_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooke_281-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 6th New Zealand Division was also briefly formed as a deception formation by renaming the NZ camp at <a href="/wiki/Maadi" title="Maadi">Maadi</a> in southern <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, the New Zealanders' base area in Egypt, in 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the <a href="/wiki/1st_Army_Tank_Brigade_(New_Zealand)" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Army Tank Brigade (New Zealand)">1st Army Tank Brigade (New Zealand)</a> was also active for a time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cold_War">Cold War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cold War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Post-War">Post-War</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The New Zealand Army was formed from the New Zealand Military Forces following the Second World War. Attention focused on preparing a third Expeditionary Force potentially for service against the Soviets. <a href="/wiki/Compulsory_Military_Training_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Compulsory Military Training in New Zealand">Compulsory military training</a> was introduced to man the force, which was initially division-sized. The New Zealand Army Act 1950 stipulated that the Army would consist from then on of Army Troops (army headquarters, Army Schools, and base units); District Troops (<a href="/wiki/Northern_Military_District_(New_Zealand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Military District (New Zealand)">Northern Military District</a>, Central and Southern Military Districts, the 12 subordinate area HQs, elementary training elements, coastal artillery and composite AA regiments); and the New Zealand Division, the mobile striking force.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The division was alternatively known as '3NZEF'. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Korean_War">Korean War</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Korean War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Army's first combat after the Second World War was in the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_in_the_Korean_War" title="New Zealand in the Korean War">Korean War</a>, which began with North Korea's invasion of the South on 25 June 1950. After some debate, on 26 July 1950, the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_government" class="mw-redirect" title="New Zealand government">New Zealand government</a> announced it would raise a volunteer military force to serve with the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Command_(Korea)" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Command (Korea)">United Nations Command</a> in Korea. The idea was opposed initially by <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Army_(New_Zealand)" title="Chief of Army (New Zealand)">Chief of the General Staff</a>, Major-General <a href="/wiki/Keith_Lindsay_Stewart" title="Keith Lindsay Stewart">Keith Lindsay Stewart</a>, who did not believe the force would be large enough to be self-sufficient. His opposition was overruled and the government raised what was known as <a href="/wiki/Kayforce" class="mw-redirect" title="Kayforce">Kayforce</a>, a total of 1,044 men selected from among volunteers. <a href="/wiki/16th_Field_Regiment,_Royal_New_Zealand_Artillery" class="mw-redirect" title="16th Field Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery">16th Field Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery</a> and support elements arrived later during the conflict from New Zealand. The force arrived at <a href="/wiki/Pusan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pusan">Pusan</a> on New Year's Eve, and on 21 January, joined the British <a href="/wiki/27th_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="27th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)">27th Infantry Brigade</a> representing the <a href="/wiki/1st_Commonwealth_Division" title="1st Commonwealth Division">1st Commonwealth Division</a>, along with Australian, Canadian, and Indian forces. The New Zealanders immediately saw combat and spent the next two and a half years taking part in the operations which led the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> forces back to and over the 38th Parallel, later recapturing <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> in the process. </p><p>The majority of Kayforce had returned to New Zealand by 1955, though it was not until 1957 that the last New Zealand soldiers had left Korea. In all, about 4700 men served with Kayforce.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1957, the <a href="/wiki/9th_Coast_Regiment,_Royal_New_Zealand_Artillery" title="9th Coast Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery">9th Coast Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery</a>, was reduced to a <a href="/wiki/Cadre_(military)" title="Cadre (military)">cadre</a> along with the other coastal artillery regiments (<a href="/wiki/10th_Coast_Regiment,_Royal_New_Zealand_Artillery" title="10th Coast Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery">10th</a> and <a href="/wiki/11th_Coast_Regiment,_Royal_New_Zealand_Artillery" title="11th Coast Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery">11th</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECookeCrawford2011322–323_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECookeCrawford2011322–323-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooke2016822–823_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooke2016822–823-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Personnel were gradually run down until there was only a single supervisory District Gunner. All three were disbanded in 1967. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Irregular_warfare">Irregular warfare</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Irregular warfare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Through the 1950s, New Zealand Army forces were deployed to the <a href="/wiki/Malayan_Emergency" title="Malayan Emergency">Malayan Emergency</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Indonesia-Malaysia_confrontation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation">Confrontation with Indonesia</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a> squadron was raised for this commitment, but most forces came from the New Zealand infantry battalion in the Malaysia–Singapore area. The battalion was committed to the <a href="/wiki/Far_East_Strategic_Reserve" title="Far East Strategic Reserve">Far East Strategic Reserve</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1957 national government defence review directed the discontinuation of coastal defence training, and the approximately 1000 personnel of the 9th, 10th, and 11th coastal regiments <a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Artillery" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal New Zealand Artillery">Royal New Zealand Artillery</a> had their compulsory military training obligation removed. A small cadre of regulars remained, but as Henderson, Green, and Cook say, 'the coastal artillery had quietly died.'<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All the fixed guns were dismantled and sold for scrap by the early 1960s. After 1945, the <a href="/wiki/Valentine_tank" title="Valentine tank">Valentine tanks</a> in service were eventually replaced by about ten <a href="/wiki/M41_Walker_Bulldog" title="M41 Walker Bulldog">M41 Walker Bulldogs</a>, supplemented by a small number of <a href="/wiki/Centurion_tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Centurion tank">Centurion tanks</a>. Eventually, both were superseded by <a href="/wiki/FV101_Scorpion" title="FV101 Scorpion">FV101 Scorpion</a> armoured reconnaissance vehicles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vietnam_War">Vietnam War</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Vietnam War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Royal_New_Zealand_Infantry_Regiment_during_the_Vietnam_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment during the Vietnam War">Military history of the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment during the Vietnam War</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand_soldier_with_an_Australian_M113_in_South_Vietnam_during_1968.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/New_Zealand_soldier_with_an_Australian_M113_in_South_Vietnam_during_1968.jpg/220px-New_Zealand_soldier_with_an_Australian_M113_in_South_Vietnam_during_1968.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/New_Zealand_soldier_with_an_Australian_M113_in_South_Vietnam_during_1968.jpg/330px-New_Zealand_soldier_with_an_Australian_M113_in_South_Vietnam_during_1968.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/New_Zealand_soldier_with_an_Australian_M113_in_South_Vietnam_during_1968.jpg/440px-New_Zealand_soldier_with_an_Australian_M113_in_South_Vietnam_during_1968.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="526" /></a><figcaption>New Zealand soldier from W Company, RNZIR patrols in Vietnam, 1968</figcaption></figure> <p>New Zealand sent troops to the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> in 1964 because of <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> concerns and alliance considerations. </p><p>Initial contributions were a New Zealand team of non-combat army engineers in 1964 followed by a battery from the Royal New Zealand Artillery in 1965 which served initially with the Americans until the formation of the <a href="/wiki/1st_Australian_Task_Force" title="1st Australian Task Force">1st Australian Task Force</a> in 1966. Thereafter, the battery served with the task force until 1971. </p><p>Two Companies of <a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Infantry_Regiment" title="Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment">New Zealand infantry</a>, Whisky Company and Victor Company, served with the 1st Australian Task Force from 1967 until 1971. Some also served with the Australian and New Zealand Army Training teams until 1972. </p><p>NZ SAS arrived in 1968 and served with the Australian SAS until the Australian and New Zealand troop withdrawal in 1971. </p><p>Members from various branches of the NZ Army also served with U.S and Australian air and cavalry detachments as well as in intelligence, medical, and engineering.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In all, 3850 military personnel from all military branches of service served in Vietnam. New Zealand infantry accounted for approximately 1600 and the New Zealand artillery battery accounted for approximately 750. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peacekeeping_operations">Peacekeeping operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Peacekeeping operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The New Zealand Division was disbanded in 1961, as succeeding governments reduced the force, first to two brigades, and then a single one.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This one-brigade force became, in the 1980s, the Integrated Expansion Force, to be formed by producing three composite battalions from the six Territorial Force infantry regiments. In 1978, a national museum for the Army, the <a href="/wiki/QEII_Army_Memorial_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="QEII Army Memorial Museum">QEII Army Memorial Museum</a>, was built at <a href="/wiki/Waiouru" title="Waiouru">Waiouru</a>, the Army's main training base in the central <a href="/wiki/North_Island" title="North Island">North Island</a>. </p><p>After the 1983 Defence Review, the Army's command structure was adjusted to distinguish more clearly the separate roles of operations and base support training. There was an internal reorganisation within the Army General Staff, and New Zealand Land Forces Command in Takapuna was split into a Land Force Command and a Support Command.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Land_Force_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Land Force Command">Land Force Command</a>, which from then on comprised 1st Task Force in the North Island and the 3rd Task Force in the South Island, assumed responsibility for operational forces, Territorial Force manpower management and collective training. <a href="/wiki/Support_Command_(New_Zealand)" title="Support Command (New Zealand)">Support Command</a> which from then on comprised three elements, the Army Training Group in Waiouru, the Force Maintenance Group (FMG) based in Linton, and Base Area Wellington (BAW) based in Trentham, assumed responsibility for individual training, third line logistics and base support. Headquarters Land Force Command remained at Takapuna, and Headquarters Support Command was moved to Palmerston North. </p><p>The Army was prepared to field a Ready Reaction Force which was a battalion group based on 2/1 RNZIR; the Integrated Expansion Force (17 units) brigade sized, which would be able to follow up 90 days after mobilization; and a Force Maintenance Group of 19 units to provide logistical support to both forces.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The battalion in South East Asia, designated 1st Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment by that time, was brought home in 1989. </p><p>In the late 1980s, Exercise Golden Fleece was held in the North Island. It was the largest exercise for a long period.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the later part of the 20th century, New Zealand personnel served in a large number of UN and other peacekeeping deployments including: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Truce_Supervision_Organization" title="United Nations Truce Supervision Organization">United Nations Truce Supervision Organization</a> for over 50 years in the Middle East<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Midford" title="Operation Midford">Operation Agila</a> in Rhodesia<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multinational_Force_and_Observers" title="Multinational Force and Observers">Multinational Force and Observers</a> (MFO) in the Sinai</li> <li>Cambodia where members of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Corps_of_Signals" title="Royal New Zealand Corps of Signals">Royal New Zealand Corps of Signals</a> (RNZSigs) were attached to the Australian Force Communications Unit (FCU) of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia" title="United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia">United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Supply_Contingent_Somalia" title="New Zealand Supply Contingent Somalia">New Zealand Supply Contingent Somalia</a> of the larger <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_Somalia_I" title="United Nations Operation in Somalia I">United Nations Operation in Somalia I</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_Somalia_II" title="United Nations Operation in Somalia II">United Nations Operation in Somalia II</a> until March 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>United Nations Accelerated Demining Programme (ADP) in Mozambique<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Angola_Verification_Mission_II" title="United Nations Angola Verification Mission II">United Nations Angola Verification Mission II</a> in Angola<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Protection_Force" title="United Nations Protection Force">United Nations Protection Force</a> in Bosnia<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Endeavour Peace Accord, <a href="/wiki/Bougainville_Island" title="Bougainville Island">Bougainville</a><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In 1994, the Army was granted a status of <a href="/wiki/Iwi" title="Iwi">iwidom</a> as "Ngāti <a href="/wiki/T%C5%ABmatauenga" title="Tūmatauenga">Tūmatauenga</a>" with the blessings of the <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_King_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Māori King Movement">Māori Queen</a> <a href="/wiki/Te_Atairangikaahu" title="Te Atairangikaahu">Te Atairangikaahu</a> and surrounding tribes of the base in Waiouru: Ngāti Tūwharetoa, Ngāti Kahungunu, Ngāti Maniapoto and Ngāti Tuhoe.<sup id="cite_ref-Newsroom_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newsroom-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_history_(1999–present)"><span id="Recent_history_.281999.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Recent history (1999–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Recent history (1999–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OH_07-0205_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force_(4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/OH_07-0205_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force_%284%29.jpg/220px-OH_07-0205_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/OH_07-0205_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force_%284%29.jpg/330px-OH_07-0205_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/OH_07-0205_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force_%284%29.jpg/440px-OH_07-0205_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>A member of 1 RNZIR in East Timor during 2007</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand_PRT_in_Bagram.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/New_Zealand_PRT_in_Bagram.jpg/220px-New_Zealand_PRT_in_Bagram.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/New_Zealand_PRT_in_Bagram.jpg/330px-New_Zealand_PRT_in_Bagram.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/New_Zealand_PRT_in_Bagram.jpg/440px-New_Zealand_PRT_in_Bagram.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1880" /></a><figcaption>New Zealand soldiers in Afghanistan 2009</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 21st century, New Zealanders have served in <a href="/wiki/East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timor">East Timor</a> (1999 onwards),<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–present)">Afghanistan</a>, and Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-Keating_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keating-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NZDF forces have also been involved in international Peacekeeping actions such as <a href="/wiki/Regional_Assistance_Mission_to_Solomon_Islands" title="Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands">Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands</a> (2003–2015), <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_the_Republic_of_South_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan">United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan</a> (2003–), <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mine_Action_Service" title="United Nations Mine Action Service">United Nations Mine Action Coordination Centre</a> in Southern Lebanon (2007–2008), and <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_the_Republic_of_South_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan">United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan</a> (2011.) </p><p>In 2003, the New Zealand government decided to replace its existing fleet of <a href="/wiki/M113_armoured_personnel_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="M113 armoured personnel carrier">M113 armoured personnel carriers</a>, purchased in the 1960s, with the Canadian-built <a href="/wiki/NZLAV" class="mw-redirect" title="NZLAV">NZLAV</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the M113s were decommissioned by the end of 2004. An agreement made to sell the M113s via an Australian weapons dealer in February 2006 had to be cancelled when the US State Department refused permission for New Zealand to sell the M113s under a contract made when the vehicles were initially purchased.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The replacement of the M113s with the General Motors LAV III (<a href="/wiki/NZLAV" class="mw-redirect" title="NZLAV">NZLAV</a>) led to a review in 2001 on the purchase decision-making by New Zealand's auditor-general. The review found shortcomings in the defence acquisition process, but not in the eventual vehicle selection. In 2010, the government said it would look at the possibility of selling 35 LAVs, around a third of the fleet, as being surplus to requirements.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 September 2010, in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/2010_Canterbury_earthquake" title="2010 Canterbury earthquake">2010 Canterbury earthquake</a>, the New Zealand Defence Force deployed to the worst affected areas of Christchurch to aid in relief efforts and assist NZ police in enforcing a night time curfew at the request of Christchurch Mayor Bob Parker and Prime Minister John Key.<sup id="cite_ref-curfew_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-curfew-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:220426-F-YM277-1022_Military_members_from_Canada_and_New_Zealand_greet_each_other.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/220426-F-YM277-1022_Military_members_from_Canada_and_New_Zealand_greet_each_other.jpg/220px-220426-F-YM277-1022_Military_members_from_Canada_and_New_Zealand_greet_each_other.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/220426-F-YM277-1022_Military_members_from_Canada_and_New_Zealand_greet_each_other.jpg/330px-220426-F-YM277-1022_Military_members_from_Canada_and_New_Zealand_greet_each_other.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/220426-F-YM277-1022_Military_members_from_Canada_and_New_Zealand_greet_each_other.jpg/440px-220426-F-YM277-1022_Military_members_from_Canada_and_New_Zealand_greet_each_other.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5693" data-file-height="4024" /></a><figcaption>Military members from <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> greet each other at the Ukraine Security Consultative Group at <a href="/wiki/Ramstein_Air_Base" title="Ramstein Air Base">Ramstein Air Base</a>, Germany, April 26, 2022.</figcaption></figure> <p>On the 21st of March, 2022, New Zealand announced that it would provide NZ$5 million for the purpose of non-lethal military equipment through <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> to <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, following the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, several surplus army equipment was donated, including 473 <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Combat_Helmet_(Australia)" title="Enhanced Combat Helmet (Australia)">Enhanced Combat Helmets</a>, 1,066 body armour plates and 571 flak vests and webbing. On the 11th of April this was followed by dispatching 50 troops to <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, primarily for logistics and intelligence purposes as a partner of <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>. On the 23rd May 2022 it was announced that the Army was to send 30 soldiers to the United Kingdom to assist in training Ukrainian forces on the <a href="/wiki/L118_light_gun" title="L118 light gun">L119 light gun</a> as part of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Interflex" title="Operation Interflex">Operation Interflex</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-politico1_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was in addition to providing 40 gun sights and ammunition for training purposes. It was announced that further analysists were sent to the United Kingdom on the 27th of June 2022. On the 15th of August, the NZDF announced it would send 120 army instructors to the United Kingdom, for the purposes of training basic infantry. The training is based on an expedited variant of the British Army's basic soldier course, covering weapon handling, combat first aid, operational law and other soldier skills. </p><p>At no point were New Zealand forces deployed within Ukraine itself. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_New_Zealand_Army" title="Structure of the New Zealand Army">Structure of the New Zealand Army</a></div> <p>The New Zealand Army is commanded by the <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Army_(New_Zealand)" title="Chief of Army (New Zealand)">Chief of Army</a> (Chief of the General Staff until 2002), who is a <a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">major general</a> or two-star appointment. As of 27 August 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the current Chief of Army is Major General <a href="/wiki/Rose_King_(army_officer)" title="Rose King (army officer)">Rose King</a>. The Chief of Army has responsibility for raising, training and sustaining those forces necessary to meet agreed government outputs. For operations, the Army's combat units fall under the command of the Land Component Commander, who is on the staff of the COMJFNZ at <a href="/wiki/Headquarters_Joint_Forces_New_Zealand" title="Headquarters Joint Forces New Zealand">Headquarters Joint Forces New Zealand</a> at Trentham in Upper Hutt. Forces under the Land Component Commander include the <a href="/wiki/1st_Brigade_(New_Zealand)" title="1st Brigade (New Zealand)">1st Brigade</a>, Training and Doctrine Command,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Joint Support Group (including health, military police). </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand_Army_structure_2022.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/New_Zealand_Army_structure_2022.png/480px-New_Zealand_Army_structure_2022.png" decoding="async" width="480" height="591" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/New_Zealand_Army_structure_2022.png/720px-New_Zealand_Army_structure_2022.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/New_Zealand_Army_structure_2022.png/960px-New_Zealand_Army_structure_2022.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1269" /></a><figcaption>Structure of the New Zealand Army 2020<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/No._3_Squadron_RNZAF" title="No. 3 Squadron RNZAF">No. 3 Squadron RNZAF</a> provides tactical air transport. </p><p><b>Land Training and Doctrine Group</b> </p> <ul><li>Land Operations Training Centre Waiouru encompasses the main army trade schools: <ul><li>Combat School</li> <li>School of Artillery</li> <li>Logistics Operations School</li> <li>School of Tactics</li> <li>Royal New Zealand School of Signals</li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Military_Intelligence_and_Security" title="School of Military Intelligence and Security">School of Military Intelligence and Security</a></li> <li>Trade Training School (Trentham)</li> <li>School of Military Engineering, 2 Engineer Regiment (Linton)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regiments_and_corps_of_the_New_Zealand_Army">Regiments and corps of the New Zealand Army</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Regiments and corps of the New Zealand Army"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Zealand_Army_Corps" title="List of New Zealand Army Corps">List of New Zealand Army Corps</a></div> <p>The following is a list of the <a href="/wiki/Corps#Administrative_Corps" title="Corps">Corps</a> of the New Zealand Army, ordered according to the traditional seniority of all the Corps.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>New Zealand Corps of Officer Cadets</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Regiment_of_New_Zealand_Artillery" title="Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery">Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Armoured_Corps" title="Royal New Zealand Armoured Corps">Royal New Zealand Armoured Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corps_of_Royal_New_Zealand_Engineers" title="Corps of Royal New Zealand Engineers">The Corps of Royal New Zealand Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Corps_of_Signals" title="Royal New Zealand Corps of Signals">Royal New Zealand Corps of Signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Infantry_Regiment" title="Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment">Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Special_Air_Service" title="New Zealand Special Air Service">New Zealand Special Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Intelligence_Corps" title="New Zealand Intelligence Corps">New Zealand Intelligence Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Army_Logistic_Regiment" title="Royal New Zealand Army Logistic Regiment">Royal New Zealand Army Logistic Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Army_Medical_Corps" title="Royal New Zealand Army Medical Corps">Royal New Zealand Army Medical Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Dental_Corps" title="Royal New Zealand Dental Corps">Royal New Zealand Dental Corps</a></li> <li>Royal New Zealand Chaplains Department</li> <li>New Zealand Army Legal Service</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Military_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal New Zealand Military Police">Royal New Zealand Military Police</a></li> <li>Royal New Zealand Army Education Corps (Disbanded)</li> <li>New Zealand Army Physical Training Corps (Disbanded)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Nursing_Corps" title="Royal New Zealand Nursing Corps">Royal New Zealand Nursing Corps</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Army_Reserve">Army Reserve</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Army Reserve"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Territorial Force (TF), the long established reserve component of the New Zealand Army, has as of 2009–2010 been renamed the Army Reserve, in line with other Commonwealth countries, though the term "Territorial Force" remains the official nomenclature in the <a href="/wiki/Defence_Act_1990" title="Defence Act 1990">Defence Act 1990</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It provides individual augmentees and formed bodies for operational deployments. There are Reserve units throughout New Zealand, and they have a long history. The modern Army Reserve is divided into three regionally-based battalion groups. Each of these is made up of smaller units of different specialities. The terms 'regiment' and 'battalion group' seem to be interchangeably used, which can cause confusion. However, it can be argued that both are accurate in slightly different senses. In a tactical sense, given that the Reserve units are groupings of all arms, the term 'battalion group' is accurate, though usually used for a much more single-arm heavy grouping, three infantry companies plus one armoured squadron, for example. NZ reserve battalion groups are composed of a large number of small units of different types. </p><p>The term 'regiment' can be accurately applied in the British regimental systems sense, as all the subunits collectively have been given the heritage of the former NZ infantry regiments (1900–1964). TF regiments prepare and provide trained individuals in order to top-up and sustain operational and non-operational units to meet directed outputs. TF regiments perform the function of a training unit, preparing individuals to meet prescribed outputs. The six regiments command all Territorial Force personnel within their region except those posted to formation or command headquarters, Military Police (MP) Company, Force Intelligence Group (FIG) or 1 New Zealand Special Air Services (NZSAS) Regiment. At a minimum, each regiment consists of a headquarters, a recruit induction training (RIT) company, at least one rifle company, and a number of combat support or combat service support companies or platoons. </p><p>3/1st Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment, previously existed on paper as a <a href="/wiki/En_cadre" class="mw-redirect" title="En cadre">cadre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If needed, it would have been raised to full strength through the regimentation of the Territorial Force infantry units. Army plans now envisage a three manoeuvre unit structure of 1 RNZIR, QAMR, and 2/1 RNZIR (light), being brought up to strength by TF individual and subunit reinforcements. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Cadet_Corps" title="New Zealand Cadet Corps">New Zealand Cadet Corps</a> also exists as an army-affiliated youth training and development organisation, part of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Cadet_Forces" title="New Zealand Cadet Forces">New Zealand Cadet Forces</a>. </p><p>A rationalisation plan to amalgamate the then existing six Reserve Regiments to three, and to abolish one third of Reserve personnel posts, had been mooted for some years. This was finally agreed by the New Zealand government in August 2011, and was implemented in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Scottish_Regiment" title="New Zealand Scottish Regiment">New Zealand Scottish Regiment</a>, a Territorial Force regiment first established in January 1939, and perpetuating the battle honors of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Divisional_Cavalry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Divisional Cavalry (page does not exist)">Divisional Cavalry</a> of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_New_Zealand_Division" title="2nd New Zealand Division">2nd New Zealand Division</a>, was finally disbanded in April 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a final parade on April 16, 2016, its Regimental Colours were laid up in the <a href="/wiki/Toitu_Otago_Settlers_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Toitu Otago Settlers Museum">Toitu Otago Settlers Museum</a>, Dunedin.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Territorial Forces Employer Support Council is an organisation that provides support to Reserve personnel of all three services and their civilian employers. It is a national organisation appointed by the minister of defence to work with employers and assist in making Reserve personnel available for operational deployments.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnel">Personnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Strength">Strength</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Strength"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Army comprises around 4,659 Regular Force personnel and 2,122 Reserve Force personnel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uniforms">Uniforms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Uniforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_New_Zealand_Army" title="Uniforms of the New Zealand Army">Uniforms of the New Zealand Army</a></div> <p>Like all Commonwealth countries <a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_New_Zealand_Army" title="Uniforms of the New Zealand Army">uniforms of the New Zealand Army</a> had historically followed those of the <a href="/wiki/British_Army_Uniform" class="mw-redirect" title="British Army Uniform">British Army</a>. From World War II until the late 1950s <a href="/wiki/British_Battledress" title="British Battledress">British Battledress</a> was worn, with British-issue "Jungle Greens" being used as field wear with Beret or Khaki Cap and British <a href="/wiki/Boonie_hat" title="Boonie hat">Boonie hat</a> (usually called a "J hat") during the <a href="/wiki/Malayan_Emergency" title="Malayan Emergency">Malayan Emergency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Malaysia_confrontation" title="Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation">Borneo</a> and the earlier stages of the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. </p><p>After initially serving with the U.S Army, New Zealand forces in Vietnam were amalgamated into the <a href="/wiki/1st_Australian_Task_Force" title="1st Australian Task Force">1st Australian Task Force</a> in 1966 and adopted Australian Jungle Greens ("JGs") from 1967. Uniforms were initially supplied from 1ATF stocks but were eventually made in New Zealand. In the early part of the war New Zealanders wore a black cravat embroidered with a small white Kiwi bird, a practice which began in Borneo in 1966. At first this was worn as part of the formal dress (although never official) but as the JGs worn by New Zealanders were almost identical to their Australian counterparts, the cravat was then sometimes worn on operations to distinguish them from Australians.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some local acquisition of U.S uniforms and equipment also occurred. The American uniforms were said to be popular with platoon leaders, mortar crew, and artillery men due to ease of carrying maps and documents.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bong_Son_(9680605934).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bong_Son_%289680605934%29.jpg/220px-Bong_Son_%289680605934%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bong_Son_%289680605934%29.jpg/330px-Bong_Son_%289680605934%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bong_Son_%289680605934%29.jpg/440px-Bong_Son_%289680605934%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="685" /></a><figcaption>RNZAF Officer Alan White wearing late-war "pixie suit" JG field shirt. Bong Son, Vietnam 1969</figcaption></figure> <p>The Australian JGs underwent some modifications to resemble U.S fatigues in 1968 and these new uniforms, nicknamed "pixie suits" (for the slant of the shirt pockets) were worn by New Zealand and Australian troops until the end of the war. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Special_Air_Service" title="New Zealand Special Air Service">New Zealand Special Air Service</a> were issued with standard U.S <a href="/wiki/Battle_dress_uniform" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle dress uniform">battle dress uniform</a> fatigues in <a href="/wiki/ERDL_pattern" title="ERDL pattern">ERDL camouflage pattern</a> during the Vietnam War period and through the 1970s thereafter.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jungle Greens continued to be used as field wear by the New Zealand Army throughout the 1970s until the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Military_camouflage" title="Military camouflage">Military camouflage</a> in 1980 and a return to British-style field uniforms. <a href="/wiki/Disruptive_Pattern_Camouflage" class="mw-redirect" title="Disruptive Pattern Camouflage">British DPM</a> was adopted in 1980 as the camouflage pattern for clothing, the colours of which were further modified several times to better suit New Zealand conditions. This evolved pattern is now officially referred to as <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_disruptive_pattern_material" title="New Zealand disruptive pattern material">New Zealand disruptive pattern material</a> (NZDPM.) Reforms in 1997 saw British-influenced modifications to the New Zealand combat uniform. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_NZ_Army_band_marches_on_Parliament_forecourt_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/The_NZ_Army_band_marches_on_Parliament_forecourt_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg/220px-The_NZ_Army_band_marches_on_Parliament_forecourt_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/The_NZ_Army_band_marches_on_Parliament_forecourt_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg/330px-The_NZ_Army_band_marches_on_Parliament_forecourt_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/The_NZ_Army_band_marches_on_Parliament_forecourt_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg/440px-The_NZ_Army_band_marches_on_Parliament_forecourt_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Members of the New Zealand Army Band wear the distinctive "lemon squeezer" <a href="/wiki/Campaign_hat" title="Campaign hat">Campaign hat</a> with full dress uniform</figcaption></figure> <p>The high crowned <a href="/wiki/Campaign_hat" title="Campaign hat">Campaign hat</a>, nicknamed the "lemon squeezer" in New Zealand, was for decades the most visible national distinction. This was adopted by the <a href="/wiki/Taranaki_Regiment" title="Taranaki Regiment">Taranaki Regiment</a> about 1911 and became general issue for all New Zealand units during the latter stages of World War I. The different branches of service were distinguished by coloured <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/puggaree" class="extiw" title="wikt:puggaree">puggaree</a> or wide bands around the base of the crown (blue and red for artillery, green for mounted rifles, khaki and red for infantry etc.). The "lemon squeezer" was worn to a certain extent during World War II, although often replaced by more convenient forage caps or <a href="/wiki/Beret" title="Beret">berets</a>, or helmets. After being in abeyance since the 1950s, the Campaign hat was reintroduced for ceremonial wear in 1977 for <a href="/wiki/Officer_cadet" title="Officer cadet">Officer cadets</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Army_Band" title="New Zealand Army Band">New Zealand Army Band</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/M1_helmet" title="M1 helmet">M1 steel helmet</a> was the standard <a href="/wiki/Combat_helmet" title="Combat helmet">combat helmet</a> from 1960 to 2000 although the "boonie hat," was common in overseas theatres, such as in the Vietnam War. New Zealand forces also used the U.S <a href="/wiki/PASGT_helmet" class="mw-redirect" title="PASGT helmet">PASGT helmet</a> until 2009 after which the Australian <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Combat_Helmet_(Australia)" title="Enhanced Combat Helmet (Australia)">Enhanced Combat Helmet</a> became the standard-issue helmet until 2019. The current combat helmet is the Viper P4 <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Combat_Helmet" title="Advanced Combat Helmet">Advanced Combat Helmet</a> by Revision Military.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1990s a universal pattern <a href="/wiki/Mess_uniform" class="mw-redirect" title="Mess uniform">mess uniform</a> replaced various regimental and corps mess dress uniforms previously worn. The mess uniform is worn by officers and senior NCOs for formal evening occasions. </p><p>The wide-brimmed khaki slouch hat known as the <a href="/wiki/Slouch_hat" title="Slouch hat">Mounted Rifles Hat</a> (MRH) with green puggaree replaced the khaki <a href="/wiki/Service_Dress_(British_Army)" title="Service Dress (British Army)">"No 2" British Army</a> <a href="/wiki/Peaked_cap" title="Peaked cap">peaked cap</a> as service dress headdress for all branches in 1998. </p><p>From 2002 under a "one beret" policy, berets of all branches of service are now universally rifle-green, with the exceptions only of the <a href="/wiki/Tan_beret" title="Tan beret">tan beret</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Special_Air_Service" title="New Zealand Special Air Service">New Zealand Special Air Service</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Blue_beret" title="Blue beret">blue beret</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Defence_Force" title="New Zealand Defence Force">New Zealand Defence Force</a> <a href="/wiki/Military_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Police">Military Police</a>. </p><p>In 2003 a desert DPM pattern, also based on the British pattern was in use with New Zealand peacekeeping forces in Iraq, Afghanistan and Africa. <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Special_Air_Service" title="New Zealand Special Air Service">NZ SAS</a> soldiers serving in <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–present)">Afghanistan</a> were issued with Australian-sourced uniforms in Crye <a href="/wiki/MultiCam" title="MultiCam">MultiCam</a> camouflage. </p><p>In 2008 the field uniform was updated to the modern <a href="/wiki/Army_Combat_Uniform" title="Army Combat Uniform">ACU</a> style and made in <a href="/wiki/Ripstop" title="Ripstop">ripstop</a> material.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012 the MRH became the standard Army ceremonial headdress with the "lemon squeezer" being retained only for <a href="/wiki/Trooping_the_Colour" title="Trooping the Colour">colour parties</a> and other limited categories.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Marine,_New_Zealand,_Canadian_service_members_exchange_weapons_during_foreign_weapons_training_140720-M-LV138-323.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/US_Marine%2C_New_Zealand%2C_Canadian_service_members_exchange_weapons_during_foreign_weapons_training_140720-M-LV138-323.jpg/220px-US_Marine%2C_New_Zealand%2C_Canadian_service_members_exchange_weapons_during_foreign_weapons_training_140720-M-LV138-323.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/US_Marine%2C_New_Zealand%2C_Canadian_service_members_exchange_weapons_during_foreign_weapons_training_140720-M-LV138-323.jpg/330px-US_Marine%2C_New_Zealand%2C_Canadian_service_members_exchange_weapons_during_foreign_weapons_training_140720-M-LV138-323.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/US_Marine%2C_New_Zealand%2C_Canadian_service_members_exchange_weapons_during_foreign_weapons_training_140720-M-LV138-323.jpg/440px-US_Marine%2C_New_Zealand%2C_Canadian_service_members_exchange_weapons_during_foreign_weapons_training_140720-M-LV138-323.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>The previous NZ Army MCU uniform, in service from 2013 to 2020.</figcaption></figure> <p>NZDPM and NZDDPM were replaced in 2013 by a single camouflage pattern and a new uniform called the New Zealand Multi Terrain Camouflage Uniform (MCU.)<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The shirt remains in an ACU-style however the pants are based on the Crye G3 combat pant with removable knee pads, usually otherwise associated with <a href="/wiki/Special_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Forces">Special Forces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Police_tactical_unit" title="Police tactical unit">Police tactical unit</a> assault uniforms.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The MCU, with the addition of a beret or sometimes the Mounted Rifles Hat, was the working uniform for all branches and divisions of the NZ Army, and certain units within the RNZN and RNZAF. After several years in service, modifications to the uniform have since followed with a change in material to Teredo<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (polyester/cotton twill) for both uniform and boonie hat, a return to covered buttons, and the removal of the elbow and knee pad pockets.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In late 2020, due to shortcomings and poor performances of the MCU uniform, the MCU's experienced issues such as the camouflage not working effectively in the New Zealand environment and poor quality of the uniform resulted in it detreating quickly from constant use. The New Zealand Army has begun replacing the MCUs with a new camouflage pattern called NZMTP, based on the British <a href="/wiki/Multi-Terrain_Pattern" title="Multi-Terrain Pattern">Multi-Terrain Pattern</a> (MTP), using a Multicam colour palette, produced by Crye Precision in the United States. The new uniforms will revert to the 2008 cut and be manufactured locally.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Uniform accessories such as plate carriers, webbing, belts and wet weather clothing will be purchased in MultiCam pattern to source using the current market and reduce costs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rank_structure_and_insignia">Rank structure and insignia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Rank structure and insignia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_military_ranks" title="New Zealand military ranks">New Zealand military ranks</a></div> <table style="margin:auto; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="10">General / flag officers </th> <th colspan="6">Senior officers </th> <th colspan="8">Junior officers </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New Zealand Army</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-NewZealand_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewZealand-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OF/New_Zealand" title="Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/New Zealand"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OF/New_Zealand" title="Template talk:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/New Zealand"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OF/New_Zealand" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/New Zealand"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OF-10.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Field marshal"><img alt="Field marshal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/New_Zealand-Army-OF-10.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-10.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/New_Zealand-Army-OF-10.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-10.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/New_Zealand-Army-OF-10.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-10.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OF-8.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lieutenant-general"><img alt="Lieutenant-general" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/New_Zealand-Army-OF-8.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/New_Zealand-Army-OF-8.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/New_Zealand-Army-OF-8.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OF-7.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Major-general"><img alt="Major-general" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/New_Zealand-Army-OF-7.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/New_Zealand-Army-OF-7.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/New_Zealand-Army-OF-7.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OF-6.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brigadier"><img alt="Brigadier" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/New_Zealand-Army-OF-6.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-6.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/New_Zealand-Army-OF-6.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/New_Zealand-Army-OF-6.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-6.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OF-5.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Colonel"><img alt="Colonel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/New_Zealand-Army-OF-5.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/New_Zealand-Army-OF-5.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/New_Zealand-Army-OF-5.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OF-4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lieutenant-colonel"><img alt="Lieutenant-colonel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/New_Zealand-Army-OF-4.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/New_Zealand-Army-OF-4.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/New_Zealand-Army-OF-4.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OF-3.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Major"><img alt="Major" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/New_Zealand-Army-OF-3.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/New_Zealand-Army-OF-3.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/New_Zealand-Army-OF-3.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OF-2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Captain"><img alt="Captain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/New_Zealand-Army-OF-2.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/New_Zealand-Army-OF-2.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/New_Zealand-Army-OF-2.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OF-1b.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lieutenant"><img alt="Lieutenant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/New_Zealand-Army-OF-1b.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-1b.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/New_Zealand-Army-OF-1b.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-1b.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/New_Zealand-Army-OF-1b.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-1b.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OF-1a.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Second lieutenant"><img alt="Second lieutenant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/New_Zealand-Army-OF-1a.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-1a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/New_Zealand-Army-OF-1a.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-1a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/New_Zealand-Army-OF-1a.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OF-1a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Field_marshal" title="Field marshal">Field marshal</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-general" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-general">Lieutenant-general</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Major-General#New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Major-General">Major-general</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Brigadier" title="Brigadier">Brigadier</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-colonel" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-colonel">Lieutenant-colonel</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Major</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Captain_(armed_forces)" title="Captain (armed forces)">Captain</a> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">Lieutenant</a> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Second_Lieutenant#United_Kingdom_and_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Lieutenant">Second lieutenant</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table style="margin:auto; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; color:inherit; text-align:center; width: 100%"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="22">Senior NCOs </th> <th colspan="6">Junior NCOs </th> <th colspan="8">Enlisted </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New Zealand Army</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-NewZealand_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewZealand-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OR/New_Zealand" title="Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/New Zealand"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OR/New_Zealand" title="Template talk:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/New Zealand"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OR/New_Zealand" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/New Zealand"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OR-9.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Warrant officer class 1"><img alt="Warrant officer class 1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/New_Zealand-Army-OR-9.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-9.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/New_Zealand-Army-OR-9.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-9.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/New_Zealand-Army-OR-9.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-9.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="81" data-file-height="81" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OR-8.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Warrant officer class 2 (sergeant major)"><img alt="Warrant officer class 2 (sergeant major)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/New_Zealand-Army-OR-8.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/New_Zealand-Army-OR-8.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/New_Zealand-Army-OR-8.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="80" data-file-height="69" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OR-7.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Staff sergeant"><img alt="Staff sergeant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/New_Zealand-Army-OR-7.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/New_Zealand-Army-OR-7.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/New_Zealand-Army-OR-7.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="166" data-file-height="214" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="12"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OR-6.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sergeant"><img alt="Sergeant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/New_Zealand-Army-OR-6.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-6.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/New_Zealand-Army-OR-6.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/New_Zealand-Army-OR-6.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-6.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="166" data-file-height="146" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OR-4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bombardier/corporal"><img alt="Bombardier/corporal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/New_Zealand-Army-OR-4.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/New_Zealand-Army-OR-4.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/New_Zealand-Army-OR-4.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="166" data-file-height="115" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand-Army-OR-3.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lance bombardier/lance corporal"><img alt="Lance bombardier/lance corporal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/New_Zealand-Army-OR-3.svg/50px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/New_Zealand-Army-OR-3.svg/75px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/New_Zealand-Army-OR-3.svg/100px-New_Zealand-Army-OR-3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="166" data-file-height="85" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="2"><b>No insignia</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer#New_Zealand" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officer class 1</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer#New_Zealand" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officer class 2</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Staff_sergeant" title="Staff sergeant">Staff sergeant</a> </td> <td colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant#New_Zealand" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Corporal#New_Zealand" title="Corporal">Corporal</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lance_corporal#Australia_and_New_Zealand" title="Lance corporal">Lance corporal</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a><br />(or equivalent) </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment">Equipment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_New_Zealand_Army" title="List of equipment of the New Zealand Army">List of equipment of the New Zealand Army</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infantry">Infantry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Infantry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The New Zealand Army's primary service weapon is the <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Machine_and_Tool_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Lewis Machine and Tool Company">Modular Assault Rifle System - Light (MARS-L)</a> assault rifle, which is used by all service branches of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Defence_Force" title="New Zealand Defence Force">New Zealand Defence Force</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The weapon can be equipped with accessories such as an <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Combat_Optical_Gunsight" title="Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight">ACOG</a> sight, <a href="/wiki/M203_grenade_launcher" title="M203 grenade launcher">M203 grenade launcher</a> or <a href="/wiki/M7_bayonet" title="M7 bayonet">M7 bayonet</a>. Some soldiers are equipped with the <a href="/wiki/L129A1" title="L129A1">Designated Marksman Weapon (DMW)</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> equipped with a telescopic <a href="/wiki/Leupold_%26_Stevens" title="Leupold & Stevens">Leupold & Stevens</a> sight allowing for increased accuracy at range. The <a href="/wiki/Glock" title="Glock">Glock 17</a><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is used as a sidearm. </p><p>Supporting fire is provided by <a href="/wiki/FN_Minimi" title="FN Minimi">FN Minimi</a>, <a href="/wiki/FN_MAG" title="FN MAG">MAG 58</a><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/M2_Browning" title="M2 Browning">M2 Browning</a> machine guns, while the <a href="/wiki/Barrett_MRAD" title="Barrett MRAD">Barrett MRAD</a><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Barrett_M82" title="Barrett M82">Barrett M107A1</a><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sniper rifles are used in a sniper rifle and anti-materiel rifle role. The <a href="/wiki/Benelli_M3" title="Benelli M3">Benelli M3</a> shotgun and <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_GMG" title="Heckler & Koch GMG">40mm Grenade Machine Gun (GMG)</a> are additionally available in a supporting role. </p><p>A variety of anti-armour equipment is used, including the <a href="/wiki/FGM-148_Javelin" title="FGM-148 Javelin">Javelin Medium Range Anti-Armour Weapon (MRAAW)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustav_recoilless_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Gustav recoilless rifle">L14A1 Medium Direct Fire Support Weapon</a> and <a href="/wiki/M72_LAW" title="M72 LAW">Short-Range Anti-Armour Weapon (M72 LAW)</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mortars_and_artillery">Mortars and artillery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Mortars and artillery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Regiment_of_New_Zealand_Artillery" title="Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery">Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery</a> is equipped with several light mortar and artillery systems. Indirect fire is provided through the use of 60 mm and 81 mm mortar systems with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirtenberger_M6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirtenberger M6 (page does not exist)">Hirtenberger M6</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirtenberger_M8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirtenberger M8 (page does not exist)">Hirtenberger M8</a> and <a href="/wiki/L16_81mm_mortar" title="L16 81mm mortar">L16A2</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British <a href="/wiki/L118_light_gun" title="L118 light gun">L119 light gun</a><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is operated in the artillery role. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armour">Armour</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Armour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The New Zealand Army makes use of the <a href="/wiki/LAV_III" title="LAV III">NZLAV</a> wheeled <a href="/wiki/Infantry_fighting_vehicle" title="Infantry fighting vehicle">infantry fighting vehicle</a>, a variant of the <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canadian</a> <a href="/wiki/LAV_III" title="LAV III">LAV III</a>. An armoured variant of the <a href="/wiki/Steyr-Puch_Pinzgauer" title="Steyr-Puch Pinzgauer">Steyr-Puch Pinzgauer</a><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is also used, although this is to be replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Bushmaster_Protected_Mobility_Vehicle" title="Bushmaster Protected Mobility Vehicle">Bushmaster Protected Mobility Vehicle</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport_and_utility_vehicles">Transport and utility vehicles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Transport and utility vehicles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A variety of transport and utility vehicles are used, principally including the <a href="/wiki/Unimog" title="Unimog">Mercedes-Benz Unimog</a> and its replacement, the <a href="/wiki/Rheinmetall_MAN_Military_Vehicles" title="Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles">Rheinmetall MAN</a> <a href="/wiki/RMMV_HX_range_of_tactical_trucks" title="RMMV HX range of tactical trucks">RMMV HX</a><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> series of military trucks. Other vehicles include the <a href="/wiki/Polaris_RZR" title="Polaris RZR">Polaris MRZR</a><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> light vehicle, and the <a href="/wiki/JCB_HMEE" title="JCB HMEE">JCB High Mobility Engineer Excavator</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2024, the Army ordered 40 <a href="/wiki/URO_VAMTAC" title="URO VAMTAC">VAMTAC</a> CK3 medium utility vehicles and 20 VAMTAC ST5 light utility vehicles to be delivered from 2027 to replace part of its <a href="/wiki/Unimog" title="Unimog">Unimog</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steyr-Puch_Pinzgauer" title="Steyr-Puch Pinzgauer">Pinzgauer</a> fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_deployments">Operational deployments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Operational deployments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The New Zealand Army currently has personnel deployed overseas on active service in:<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20110912_WN_S1015650_0077.jpg_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/20110912_WN_S1015650_0077.jpg_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg/220px-20110912_WN_S1015650_0077.jpg_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/20110912_WN_S1015650_0077.jpg_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg/330px-20110912_WN_S1015650_0077.jpg_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/20110912_WN_S1015650_0077.jpg_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg/440px-20110912_WN_S1015650_0077.jpg_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1198" /></a><figcaption>A New Zealand Army soldier in Afghanistan during 2011</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Golan_Heights" title="Golan Heights">Golan Heights</a> (up to 8 personnel) as part of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Disengagement_Observer_Force" title="United Nations Disengagement Observer Force">United Nations Disengagement Observer Force</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> (up to 28 personnel) as part of the <a href="/wiki/Multinational_Force_and_Observers" title="Multinational Force and Observers">Multinational Force</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> (less than 10 personnel) as part of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Gallant_Phoenix" title="Operation Gallant Phoenix">Operation Gallant Phoenix</a>, which is due to expire in June 2025.</li> <li>The Korean Peninsula (up to 12 personnel), in support of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Command" title="United Nations Command">United Nations Command</a> Headquarters and <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Command_Military_Armistice_Commission" title="United Nations Command Military Armistice Commission">Military Armistice Commission</a>, with the mandate for this deployment due to expire in September 2026. Additional military personnel are also involved in enforcing <a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_against_North_Korea" title="International sanctions against North Korea">sanctions</a> against North Korea in the North Asia area.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a> (up to 3 personnel), as part of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_South_Sudan" title="United Nations Mission in South Sudan">United Nations Mission in South Sudan</a>, with the mandate for this deployment due to expire in September 2026.</li></ul> <p>In addition, personnel are also deployed on non-operational missions (such as providing support and training to partner nations, and gathering and analysing intelligence) in a number of locations including in Europe as part of Operation Tieke,<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> providing support to Ukraine outside of its territory as part of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former">Former</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Former"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> – Mentoring at the Afghan National Army Officer Training Academy.<sup id="cite_ref-Afghan_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afghan-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-deploy_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deploy-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The NZ <a href="/wiki/Provincial_Reconstruction_Team_(New_Zealand)" title="Provincial Reconstruction Team (New Zealand)">Provincial Reconstruction Team (New Zealand)</a> (NZ PRT), ended in April 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-Afghan_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afghan-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>. Whilst New Zealand troops were not deployed as part of the original <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">invasion of Iraq</a> in 2003, a contingent of troops were deployed to assist with reconstruction following the invasion.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the withdrawal of international forces from Iraq and the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State" title="Islamic State">Islamic State</a> in the region, New Zealand forces returned to Iraq as part of the international coalition of forces constituting Operation Inherent Resolve. The New Zealand contingent assisted in training Iraqi troops and supporting coalition efforts to strike ISIS. New Zealand withdrew once more from Iraq in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a> as part of the Solomon Islands International Assistance Forces supporting the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Solomon_Islands_Police_Force" title="Royal Solomon Islands Police Force">Royal Solomon Islands Police Force</a> following a period of <a href="/wiki/2021_Solomon_Islands_unrest" title="2021 Solomon Islands unrest">civil unrest</a>. This deployment ended in August 2024, with the Army's mandate having been renewed a number of times.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commemorations">Commemorations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Commemorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>New Zealand Army Day</b> is celebrated on 25 March, the date in 1845 when the New Zealand Legislative Council passed the first Militia Act.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/ANZAC_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="ANZAC Day">ANZAC Day</a> is the main annual commemorative activity for New Zealand soldiers. On 25 April each year the landings at Gallipoli are remembered, though the day has come to mean remembering the fallen from all wars in which New Zealand has been involved. While a New Zealand public holiday, it is a duty day for New Zealand military personnel, who, even if not involved in official commemorative activities are required to attend an ANZAC Day Dawn Parade in ceremonial uniform in their home location. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Remembrance_Day" title="Remembrance Day">Remembrance Day</a>, commemorating the end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> on 11 November 1918, is marked by official activities with a military contribution normally with parades and church services on the closest Sunday. However, ANZAC Day has a much greater profile and involves a much higher proportion of military personnel. </p><p><b>New Zealand Wars Day</b> is commemorated on 28 October, this is the national day marking the 19th-century New Zealand Wars.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The various regiments of the New Zealand Army mark their own Corps Days, many of which are derived from those of the corresponding British regiments. Examples are <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cambrai_(1917)" title="Battle of Cambrai (1917)">Cambrai Day</a> on 20 November for the Royal New Zealand Armoured Corps, St Barbara's Day on 4 December for the Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output 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.portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/21px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/42px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:New_Zealand" title="Portal:New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Empire_1897.jpg/21px-British_Empire_1897.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Empire_1897.jpg/32px-British_Empire_1897.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/British_Empire_1897.jpg/42px-British_Empire_1897.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1116" data-file-height="849" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:British_Empire" title="Portal:British Empire">British Empire</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_New_Zealand" title="Military history of New Zealand">Military history of New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Defence_Force" title="New Zealand Defence Force">New Zealand Defence Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Cadet_Corps" title="New Zealand Cadet Corps">New Zealand Cadet Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_individual_weapons_of_the_New_Zealand_Defence_Force" title="List of individual weapons of the New Zealand Defence Force">List of individual weapons of the New Zealand Defence Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_New_Zealand_Army" title="List of equipment of the New Zealand Army">List of equipment of the New Zealand Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_equipment_of_the_New_Zealand_Army" title="List of former equipment of the New Zealand Army">List of former equipment of the New Zealand Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Defence_College" title="New Zealand Defence College">New Zealand Defence College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_military_ranks" title="New Zealand military ranks">New Zealand military ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanks_of_New_Zealand" title="Tanks of New Zealand">Tanks of New Zealand</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist 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.cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzdf.mil.nz/media-centre/search-our-libraries/documents/?search=nzdf+annual+report+2024&document-type=Strategies+%26+plans&sort=date">"Our people"</a>. New Zealand Defence Force<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+people&rft.pub=New+Zealand+Defence+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzdf.mil.nz%2Fmedia-centre%2Fsearch-our-libraries%2Fdocuments%2F%3Fsearch%3Dnzdf%2Bannual%2Breport%2B2024%26document-type%3DStrategies%2B%2526%2Bplans%26sort%3Ddate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Newsroom-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Newsroom_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Newsroom_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKenzie2018" class="citation web cs1">McKenzie, Pete (26 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsroom.co.nz/2018/11/25/331569/peter-mckenzie-on-army-as-an-iwi-for-monday">"How the NZ Army became an iwi"</a>. <i>Newsroom</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newsroom&rft.atitle=How+the+NZ+Army+became+an+iwi&rft.date=2018-11-26&rft.aulast=McKenzie&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsroom.co.nz%2F2018%2F11%2F25%2F331569%2Fpeter-mckenzie-on-army-as-an-iwi-for-monday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">G J Clayton (ed), <i>A Short History of the New Zealand Army from 1840 to the 1990s</i>, 1991</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzlii.org/nz/legis/hist_act/nzaa19501950n39196/">"New Zealand Army Act 1950 (1950 No 39)"</a>. <i>www.nzlii.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nzlii.org&rft.atitle=New+Zealand+Army+Act+1950+%281950+No+39%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzlii.org%2Fnz%2Flegis%2Fhist_act%2Fnzaa19501950n39196%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NZIISS2011-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NZIISS2011_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">IISS Military Balance 2011, 263: ISAF, <a href="/wiki/Multinational_Force_and_Observers" title="Multinational Force and Observers">Multinational Force and Observers</a>, 1 obs in UNAMI, 7 UNTSO, Sudan, RAMSI, and ISF in Timor.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stowers, Richard, <i>Kiwi versus Boer: The First New Zealand Mounted Rifles in the Anglo-Boer War 1899–1902</i>, 1992, Hamilton: Richard Stowers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nzhistory.govt.nz/war/new-zealand-goes-to-war-first-world-war">"New Zealand goes to War"</a>. <i>New Zealand History</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Zealand+History&rft.atitle=New+Zealand+goes+to+War&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnzhistory.govt.nz%2Fwar%2Fnew-zealand-goes-to-war-first-world-war&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cooke_262-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cooke_262_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCookeCrawford2011">Cooke & Crawford 2011</a>, p. 262</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barrowclough_DNZB-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Barrowclough_DNZB_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/5b12/1">"Barrowclough, Harold Eric"</a>. <i>Dictionary of New Zealand Biography</i>. Ministry for Culture and Heritage / Te Manatū Taonga<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dictionary+of+New+Zealand+Biography&rft.atitle=Barrowclough%2C+Harold+Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teara.govt.nz%2Fen%2Fbiographies%2F5b12%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cooke (2011), pp. 262, 274</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cooke_279-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cooke_279_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCookeCrawford2011">Cooke & Crawford 2011</a>, p. 279</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cooke_280-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cooke_280_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cooke and Crawford (2011), p. 280</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cooke_281-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cooke_281_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cooke_281_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cooke and Crawford (2011), p. 281</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCookeCrawford,_John2011" class="citation book cs1">Cooke, Peter; Crawford, John (2011). <i>The Territorials: The History of the Territorial and Volunteer Forces of New Zealand</i>. Auckland: Random House. pp. <span class="nowrap">272–</span>281. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781869794460" title="Special:BookSources/9781869794460"><bdi>9781869794460</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Territorials%3A+The+History+of+the+Territorial+and+Volunteer+Forces+of+New+Zealand&rft.place=Auckland&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E272-%3C%2Fspan%3E281&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781869794460&rft.aulast=Cooke&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Crawford%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Major General W.G. Stevens, 'Problems of 2 NZEF,' <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2Prob-c4.html">Chapter 4</a>, Official History of the Second World War, 1958, NZ Electronic Text Centre accessed April 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Damien Marc Fenton, 'A False Sense of Security,' Centre for Strategic Studies:New Zealand, 1998, p.12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nzhistory.govt.nz/war/korean-war/impact">"Impact of the war"</a>. <i>nzhistory.govt.nz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nzhistory.govt.nz&rft.atitle=Impact+of+the+war&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnzhistory.govt.nz%2Fwar%2Fkorean-war%2Fimpact&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECookeCrawford2011322–323-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECookeCrawford2011322–323_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCookeCrawford2011">Cooke & Crawford 2011</a>, pp. 322–323.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECooke2016822–823-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooke2016822–823_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooke2016">Cooke 2016</a>, pp. 822–823.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nzhistory.govt.nz/war/the-malayan-emergency">"NZ and the Malayan Emergency"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NZ+and+the+Malayan+Emergency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnzhistory.govt.nz%2Fwar%2Fthe-malayan-emergency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henderson, Green, and Cook, 2008, 374.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/resources/veterans-list">"The Flinkenberg List"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Flinkenberg+List&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvietnamwar.govt.nz%2Fresources%2Fveterans-list&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/D/DefenceArmedServicesArmyNewZealand/TheArmyToday/en">Encyclopaedia of New Zealand 1966</a>, accessed August 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Report of the Naval Board of the Defence Council from 31 March 1983 – 1 April 1984 via Communicators' Association website.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www3.stats.govt.nz/New_Zealand_Official_Yearbooks/1988-89/NZOYB_1988-89.html#idsect2_1_16625">New Zealand Official Yearbook 1988–89</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150124074447/http://www3.stats.govt.nz/New_Zealand_Official_Yearbooks/1988-89/NZOYB_1988-89.html#idsect2_1_16625">Archived</a> 24 January 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. See also Air New Zealand Almanac 1985 and New Zealand Army News, 1990s</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jennings, P, <i>Exercise Golden Fleece and the New Zealand military: lessons and limitations</i>, Strategic and Defence Studies Centre. Research School of Pacific Studies. <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a>, Working paper, 187, Canberra 1989. See also <i>A Joint Force? The Move To Jointness And Its Implications for the New Zealand Defence Force</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://army.mil.nz/about-us/what-we-do/deployments/previous-deployments/middle+east/default.htm">"New Zealand Army"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farmy.mil.nz%2Fabout-us%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fdeployments%2Fprevious-deployments%2Fmiddle%2Beast%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://army.mil.nz/about-us/what-we-do/deployments/previous-deployments/rhodesia/default.htm">"New Zealand Army"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farmy.mil.nz%2Fabout-us%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fdeployments%2Fprevious-deployments%2Frhodesia%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://army.mil.nz/about-us/what-we-do/deployments/previous-deployments/cambodia/default.htm">"New Zealand Army"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farmy.mil.nz%2Fabout-us%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fdeployments%2Fprevious-deployments%2Fcambodia%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://army.mil.nz/about-us/what-we-do/deployments/previous-deployments/somalia/default.htm">"New Zealand Army"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farmy.mil.nz%2Fabout-us%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fdeployments%2Fprevious-deployments%2Fsomalia%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://army.mil.nz/about-us/what-we-do/deployments/previous-deployments/mozambique/default.htm">"New Zealand Army"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farmy.mil.nz%2Fabout-us%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fdeployments%2Fprevious-deployments%2Fmozambique%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://army.mil.nz/about-us/what-we-do/deployments/previous-deployments/angola/default.htm">"New Zealand Army"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farmy.mil.nz%2Fabout-us%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fdeployments%2Fprevious-deployments%2Fangola%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://army.mil.nz/about-us/what-we-do/deployments/previous-deployments/bosnia-herzegovina/default.htm">"New Zealand Army"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farmy.mil.nz%2Fabout-us%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fdeployments%2Fprevious-deployments%2Fbosnia-herzegovina%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://army.mil.nz/about-us/what-we-do/deployments/previous-deployments/bougainville/default.htm">"New Zealand Army"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farmy.mil.nz%2Fabout-us%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fdeployments%2Fprevious-deployments%2Fbougainville%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Crawford & Harper 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Keating-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Keating_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeating2015" class="citation web cs1">Keating, Chief of Defence Force Lt. Gen. Tim (24 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzdf.mil.nz/news/feature-stories/2015/20150224-nzdftmti.htm">"NZDF's Training Mission to Iraq"</a>. <i>New Zealand Defence Force</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Zealand+Defence+Force&rft.atitle=NZDF%27s+Training+Mission+to+Iraq&rft.date=2015-02-24&rft.aulast=Keating&rft.aufirst=Chief+of+Defence+Force+Lt.+Gen.+Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzdf.mil.nz%2Fnews%2Ffeature-stories%2F2015%2F20150224-nzdftmti.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil.nz/culture-and-history/ngati-tumatauenga.htm">"NZ Army – Culture and History of Ngāti Tūmatauenga"</a>. New Zealand Army.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NZ+Army+%E2%80%93+Culture+and+History+of+Ng%C4%81ti+T%C5%ABmatauenga&rft.pub=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mil.nz%2Fculture-and-history%2Fngati-tumatauenga.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150502191207/http://tvnz.co.nz/view/page/554440/662504">"US blocks APC sale – Politics News"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Television_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Television New Zealand">Television New Zealand</a>. 20 February 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tvnz.co.nz/view/page/554440/662504">the original</a> on 2 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+blocks+APC+sale+%E2%80%93+Politics+News&rft.pub=Television+New+Zealand&rft.date=2006-02-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvnz.co.nz%2Fview%2Fpage%2F554440%2F662504&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/nelson-mail/news/national-news/3732671/Govt-to-sell-35-army-LAVs">"Govt to sell 35 army LAVs"</a>. 24 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Govt+to+sell+35+army+LAVs&rft.date=2010-05-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stuff.co.nz%2Fnelson-mail%2Fnews%2Fnational-news%2F3732671%2FGovt-to-sell-35-army-LAVs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-curfew-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-curfew_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121021032843/http://www.stuff.co.nz/waikato-times/4094986/Officers-flown-in-to-protect-Christchurch">"Weather the next threat after earthquake"</a>. Stuff.co.nz (Fairfax New Zealand). 4 September 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/waikato-times/4094986/Officers-flown-in-to-protect-Christchurch">the original</a> on 21 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weather+the+next+threat+after+earthquake&rft.pub=Stuff.co.nz+%28Fairfax+New+Zealand%29&rft.date=2010-09-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stuff.co.nz%2Fwaikato-times%2F4094986%2FOfficers-flown-in-to-protect-Christchurch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110813192953/http://www.army.mil.nz/our-army/operations/operation-christchurch-quake-2011/default.htm">"Operation Christchurch Quake 2011"</a>. NZ Army. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil.nz/our-army/operations/operation-christchurch-quake-2011/default.htm">the original</a> on 13 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Operation+Christchurch+Quake+2011&rft.pub=NZ+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mil.nz%2Four-army%2Foperations%2Foperation-christchurch-quake-2011%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/nz-provide-non-lethal-military-assistance-ukraine">"NZ to provide non-lethal military assistance to Ukraine"</a>. <i>The Beehive</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Beehive&rft.atitle=NZ+to+provide+non-lethal+military+assistance+to+Ukraine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.beehive.govt.nz%2Frelease%2Fnz-provide-non-lethal-military-assistance-ukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-politico1-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-politico1_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallardoCaulcutt2022" class="citation news cs1">Gallardo, Cristina; Caulcutt, Clea (16 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/uk-and-france-at-odds-over-military-training-for-ukrainians/">"Ukraine's military recruits need training. Only one of Europe's giants is pulling its weight"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Ukraine%27s+military+recruits+need+training.+Only+one+of+Europe%27s+giants+is+pulling+its+weight&rft.date=2022-09-16&rft.aulast=Gallardo&rft.aufirst=Cristina&rft.au=Caulcutt%2C+Clea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fuk-and-france-at-odds-over-military-training-for-ukrainians%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/nz-provide-additional-deployment-support-ukraine">"NZ to provide additional deployment to support Ukraine"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Scottish+%5BNewZealand%5D&rft.date=2007-04-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.regiments.org%2Fregiments%2Fnewzealand%2Fvolmil%2Fcav%2Fnzscot.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSean_Brosnahan2019" class="citation web cs1">Sean Brosnahan (8 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.odt.co.nz/lifestyle/magazine/scottish-ties-still-strong">"Scottish ties still strong"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scottish+ties+still+strong&rft.date=2019-07-08&rft.au=Sean+Brosnahan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.odt.co.nz%2Flifestyle%2Fmagazine%2Fscottish-ties-still-strong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Territorial Forces Employer Support Council web page <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.reserves.mil.nz/tfesc/default.htm">http://www.reserves.mil.nz/tfesc/default.htm</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vcoy67.org.nz/scarves.htm">"V Coy Black Scarves"</a>. <i>vcoy67.org.nz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Winton', URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/photo/lt-john-r-winton">https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/photo/lt-john-r-winton</a>, (Ministry for Culture and Heritage), updated 3-Oct-2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'Training in the jungle', URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/photo/camoflage-action">https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/photo/camoflage-action</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191203042214/https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/photo/camoflage-action">Archived</a> 3 December 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, (Ministry for Culture and Heritage), updated 25-Oct-2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'Helen Kesha welcomes troops - 161 Battery parade', URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/photo/helen-kesha-welcomes-troops-161-battery-parade">https://vietnamwar.govt.nz/photo/helen-kesha-welcomes-troops-161-battery-parade</a>, (Ministry for Culture and Heritage), updated 11-Jul-2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Malcolm Thomas and Cliff Lord, page 129 Part One, <i>New Zealand Army Distinguishing Patches 1911–1991</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-473-03288-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-473-03288-0">0-473-03288-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil.nz/about-us/who-we-are/uniforms/soldier-protected-systems.htm">"New Zealand Army"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mil.nz%2Fabout-us%2Fwho-we-are%2Funiforms%2Fsoldier-protected-systems.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baltlskin Viper P4 helmet <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.revisionmilitary.com/en/head-systems/helmets/viper-p4-helmet">https://www.revisionmilitary.com/en/head-systems/helmets/viper-p4-helmet</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100523183025/http://www.nzdf.mil.nz/downloads/pdf/one-force/oneforceoct09.pdf">"One Force"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzdf.mil.nz/downloads/pdf/one-force/oneforceoct09.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 23 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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New Zealand Army.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Multi-terrain+Camouflage+Uniform+%28MCU%29&rft.pub=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mil.nz%2Fabout-us%2Fwho-we-are%2Fstructure%2Funiforms%2Fmulti-terrain-camo-uniform.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://smg.photobucket.com/user/bolty/library/MCU/MCU%20Trg%20pants?sort=3&page=1">"MCU Trg Pants by bolty"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://i0.wp.com/www.whaleoil.co.nz/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/20130618_OH_D1033071_0008.jpg">the original</a> on 23 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=20130618+OH+D1033071+0008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fi0.wp.com%2Fwww.whaleoil.co.nz%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2013%2F06%2F20130618_OH_D1033071_0008.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil.nz/nr/rdonlyres/48914ae1-e2b6-4257-91be-73babc86b8ce/0/oh_d1033071_0009.jpg">"New Zealand Army"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mil.nz%2Fnr%2Frdonlyres%2F48914ae1-e2b6-4257-91be-73babc86b8ce%2F0%2Foh_d1033071_0009.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.carrington.co.uk/en/fabric/teredo">"Carrington Textiles | Carrington"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Carrington+Textiles+%26%23124%3B+Carrington&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.carrington.co.uk%2Fen%2Ffabric%2Fteredo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iacmc.forumotion.com/t10690-mcu-v2-changes-to-style-and-materail">"MCU V2 Changes to style and materail"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MCU+V2+Changes+to+style+and+materail&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fiacmc.forumotion.com%2Ft10690-mcu-v2-changes-to-style-and-materail&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTso2019" class="citation news cs1">Tso, Matthew (4 August 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/114713520/new-zealand-defence-force-switches-uniforms-following-review-and-complaints">"New Zealand Defence Force switches uniforms following review and complaints"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stuff_(website)" title="Stuff (website)">Stuff</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=New+Zealand+Defence+Force+switches+uniforms+following+review+and+complaints&rft.date=2019-08-04&rft.aulast=Tso&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stuff.co.nz%2Fnational%2F114713520%2Fnew-zealand-defence-force-switches-uniforms-following-review-and-complaints&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NewZealand-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NewZealand_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewZealand_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nzdfpop.cwp.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Resources/21-Update_Rank-Poster-all-services.pdf">"Badges of Rank"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>nzdf.mil.nz</i>. 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February 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil.nz/downloads/pdf/public-docs/2015/key-deployments-feb15.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 13 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Zealand+Army&rft.atitle=NZ+Army+Deployments&rft.date=2015-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mil.nz%2Fdownloads%2Fpdf%2Fpublic-docs%2F2015%2Fkey-deployments-feb15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/286365/new-zealand's-15-year-role-in-iraq">https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/286365/new-zealand's-15-year-role-in-iraq</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nzdf.mil.nz/assets/Uploads/DocumentLibrary/ArmyNews_Issue544.pdf">https://www.nzdf.mil.nz/assets/Uploads/DocumentLibrary/ArmyNews_Issue544.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorbett1980" class="citation book cs1">Corbett, David Ashley (1980). <i>The Regimental Badges of New Zealand: An Illustrated History of the Badges and Insignia Worn by the New Zealand Army</i> (Rev. and enl. ed.). Auckland: R. Richards. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0908596057" title="Special:BookSources/0908596057"><bdi>0908596057</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/14030948">14030948</a>. <q>New Zealand Army Day is celebrated on 25 March, the anniversary of the day in 1845 when the Legislative Council passed the first Militia Act constituting the New Zealand Army.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Regimental+Badges+of+New+Zealand%3A+An+Illustrated+History+of+the+Badges+and+Insignia+Worn+by+the+New+Zealand+Army&rft.place=Auckland&rft.edition=Rev.+and+enl.&rft.pub=R.+Richards&rft.date=1980&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F14030948&rft.isbn=0908596057&rft.aulast=Corbett&rft.aufirst=David+Ashley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mch.govt.nz/date-set-commemorate-land-wars">"Date set to commemorate land wars"</a>. <i>Manatū Taonga, the Ministry for Culture and Heritage</i>. 17 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Manat%C5%AB+Taonga%2C+the+Ministry+for+Culture+and+Heritage&rft.atitle=Date+set+to+commemorate+land+wars&rft.date=2017-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmch.govt.nz%2Fdate-set-commemorate-land-wars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooke2016" class="citation book cs1">Cooke, Peter (2016). <i>Defending New Zealand: Ramparts on the Seas 1840-1950s</i>. Wellington: Defence of New Zealand Study Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-473-06833-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-473-06833-2"><bdi>978-0-473-06833-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Defending+New+Zealand%3A+Ramparts+on+the+Seas+1840-1950s&rft.place=Wellington&rft.pub=Defence+of+New+Zealand+Study+Group&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-473-06833-2&rft.aulast=Cooke&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCookeCrawford2011" class="citation book cs1">Cooke, Peter; Crawford, John (2011). <i>The Territorials: The History of the Territorial and Volunteer Forces of New Zealand</i>. Auckland: Random House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781869794460" title="Special:BookSources/9781869794460"><bdi>9781869794460</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Territorials%3A+The+History+of+the+Territorial+and+Volunteer+Forces+of+New+Zealand&rft.place=Auckland&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781869794460&rft.aulast=Cooke&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Crawford%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrawfordHarper2001" class="citation book cs1">Crawford, John; Harper, Glyn (2001). <i>Operation East Timor: The New Zealand Defence Force in East Timor 1999–2001</i>. Auckland: Reed Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0790008238" title="Special:BookSources/0790008238"><bdi>0790008238</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Operation+East+Timor%3A+The+New+Zealand+Defence+Force+in+East+Timor+1999%E2%80%932001&rft.place=Auckland&rft.pub=Reed+Publishing&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0790008238&rft.aulast=Crawford&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Harper%2C+Glyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Major G.J. Clayton, <i>The New Zealand Army, A History from the 1840s to the 1990s</i>, New Zealand Army, Wellington, 1990</li> <li>Damien Marc Fenton, <i>A False Sense of Security?</i>, <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Strategic_Studies_New_Zealand" title="Centre for Strategic Studies New Zealand">Centre for Strategic Studies New Zealand</a></li> <li>Malcolm Thomas and Cliff Lord, <i>New Zealand Army Distinguishing Patches 1911–1991</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-473-03288-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-473-03288-0">0-473-03288-0</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>J.T. Burrows, "Pathway Among Men," Whitcombe and Tombes, Christchurch, 1974. ISBN 0 7233 0378 9. Burrows was Commanding Officer 20 Battalion in 2 NZDF, Commander NZ forces in Korea and Japan, and Southern Military District.</li> <li>Ball, Desmond (ed.) (1985). <i>The ANZAC Connection</i>. George Allen & Unwin, (esp annex 'The New Zealand order of battle')</li> <li>Currie, A.E (1948). <i>Notes on the Constitutional History of the NZ Army from the Beginning to the Army Board Act, 1937</i>, Crown Solicitors, referenced in Peter Cooke, 'Defending New Zealand,' Part II.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2007" class="citation thesis cs1">Wilson, Marcus James (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10092/959/thesis_fulltext.pdf"><i>A history of New Zealand's military horse: The Experience of the Horse in the Anglo-Boer War and World War One</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (MA). Christchurch: University of Canterbury.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=A+history+of+New+Zealand%27s+military+horse%3A+The+Experience+of+the+Horse+in+the+Anglo-Boer+War+and+World+War+One&rft.inst=University+of+Canterbury&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Marcus+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fir.canterbury.ac.nz%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F10092%2F959%2Fthesis_fulltext.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+Zealand+Army" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_Army&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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