CINXE.COM
How to Schedule a Text on Android & iOS: Step-by-Step Guide
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <title>How to Schedule a Text on Android & iOS: Step-by-Step Guide</title> <script>document.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace( /(^|\s)client-nojs(\s|$)/, "$1client-js$2" );</script> <script>(window.RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Schedule-a-Text","wgTitle":"Schedule a Text","wgCurRevisionId":32890587,"wgRevisionId":32890587,"wgArticleId":14385787,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Featured Articles","Honors","WikiHow","Texting","Phone Skills","Communication Skills","Education and Communications","Telephones","Computers and Electronics"],"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgMonthNamesShort":["","Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"wgRelevantPageName":"Schedule-a-Text","wgRelevantArticleId":14385787,"wgRequestId":"399d122849f252d46336386f","wgCSPNonce":false,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgUserType":"anon","wgLoginType":"","wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFLazyLoadImages":false,"wgMFLazyLoadReferences":false,"wgMFIsPageContentModelEditable":true,"wgMFEnableFontChanger":true,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":false,"nearby":false,"watchlist":false,"tagline":false},"wgWikihowSiteRev":"knjZV","wgFBAppId":"157545333433","wgGoogleAppId":"475770217963-cj49phca8tqki2ggs0ttcaerhs8339eh.apps.googleusercontent.com","wgCDNbase":"https://www.wikihow.com","wgNlpCategory":"/Internet \u0026 Telecom/Mobile \u0026 Wireless/Mobile Apps \u0026 Add-Ons","wgProMembership":0,"wgHasEmail":0,"wgIsUserReviewEligible":"expert","wgNumReviews":"0","wgMinervaFeatures":{"amc":false,"beta":false,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"backToTop":false,"shareButton":false,"toggling":true,"pageIssues":false,"talkAtTop":false},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0],"wgMinervaMenuData":[]});mw.loader.state({"user.styles":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"ready","user.tokens":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.base.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.ui.icon":"ready","mediawiki.ui.button":"ready","skins.minerva.icons.images":"ready","ext.wikihow.slider_styles":"ready","ext.wikihow.submit_a_tip.styles":"ready","ext.wikihow.reader_tips.styles":"ready","ext.wikihow.sectionsarticles.styles":"ready","ext.wikihow.trusted_sources.styles":"ready","ext.wikihow.expertadvicesection.styles":"ready","ext.wikihow.expertinterviewsection.styles":"ready","ext.wikihow.green_box":"ready","ext.wikihow.social_footer_styles":"ready"});mw.loader.implement("user.tokens@0tffind",function($,jQuery,require,module){/*@nomin*/mw.user.tokens.set({"editToken":"+\\","patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); });RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.page.startup","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.wikihow.common_top","ext.wikihow.common_bottom","zzz.mobile.wikihow.styles_late_load","zzz.mobile.wikihow.scripts_late_load","mobile.wikihow.tabsonmobile","mobile.wikihow","mobile.wikihow.mobileslideshowinit","mobile.wikihow.stable.styles","mobile.wikihow.socialproof","ext.wikihow.slider","ext.wikihow.loginreminder","ext.wikihow.article_courses_banner","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikihow.submit_a_tip","ext.wikihow.reader_tips.scripts","mobile.wikihow.mmf","ext.wikihow.membershipmanager","ext.wikihow.trusted_sources.scripts","ext.wikihow.lightbox","mobile.site","mobile.init","mobile.wikihow.qa_widget","mobile.wikihow.userreview","ext.wikihow.green_box.scripts","ext.wikihow.social_footer"];mw.loader.load(RLPAGEMODULES);});</script> <link rel="preload" href="/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.wikihow.expertadvicesection.styles%7Cext.wikihow.expertinterviewsection.styles%7Cext.wikihow.green_box%2Cslider_styles%2Csocial_footer_styles%7Cext.wikihow.reader_tips.styles%7Cext.wikihow.sectionsarticles.styles%7Cext.wikihow.submit_a_tip.styles%7Cext.wikihow.trusted_sources.styles%7Cmediawiki.ui.button%2Cicon%7Cskins.minerva.base.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons.images&only=styles&siterev=knjZV&skin=wh&anon_mode=1" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"/> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""/> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.33.0-alpha"/> <meta name="robots" content="index,follow"/><!--default--> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"/> <meta name="description" content="A complete guide to sending scheduled messagesHave you ever wondered if you can schedule a text on your phone, similar to how you can schedule an email or social media post? The answer is yes—but the process varies quite a bit depending on..."/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/> <meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0, width=device-width"/> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit" href="/index.php?title=Schedule-a-Text&action=edit"/> <link rel="edit" title="Edit" href="/index.php?title=Schedule-a-Text&action=edit"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.wikihow.com/skins/WikiHow/wH-initials_152x152.png"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon_round.ico"/> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/opensearch_desc.php" title="wikiHow (en)"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="https://www.wikihow.com/api.php?action=rsd"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.wikihow.com/Schedule-a-Text"/> <script>window.WH=window.WH||{timeStart:+(new Date()),lang:{}}; if(/.+@.+/.test(window.location.hash)){window.location.hash='';}</script> <script>retinaAvailable = false;</script> <style>html,body,div,span,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,blockquote,pre,a,abbr,acronym,address,big,cite,del,ins,em,img,small,strike,strong,sub,sup,tt,b,u,i,center,dl,dt,dd,ol,ul,li,fieldset,form,label,legend,input,textarea,button,select,audio,video{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font:inherit;font-size:100%;vertical-align:baseline}table,caption,tbody,tfoot,thead,tr,th,td{margin:0;padding:0;font:inherit;font-size:100%;vertical-align:baseline}button{border:none;background-color:transparent}body{line-height:1;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}input{line-height:normal}ol,ul{list-style:none}table{border-collapse:collapse}strong,b{font-weight:bold}i,em{font-style:italic}html{height:100%}body{min-height:100%;background-color:#f3f3f3;color:#545454;font-family:"Helvetica","Nimbus Sans L","Arial","Liberation Sans",sans-serif;line-height:1.4;font-size:16px;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}code{font-family:monospace}h1,h2,h3,h4{color:#222}.hidden,a.hide,img[src=""],.stable #ca-talk,.client-nojs #ca-watch.cta,.client-nojs #ca-edit,.client-nojs #ca-upload,#ca-talk.selected,.template_top,.section>.section_text>h3 .edit-page,#tips h3,h4.steps_text .edit-page,h5.steps_text .edit-page,h6.steps_text .edit-page,#uci_section,.trvote_box,.section.video,#hp_navigation,#mcta_root,#method_toc,.amazon_info,#servedtime,.tabbed_content,#sp_h2.tabbed_content,#social_proof_mobile.tabbed_content,#uci_section.tabbed_content,.tabbed_content .edit-page,.m-video-helpful-wrap,.m-video-wm,#gdpr_dismiss,#gdpr_close,#intro .green_box,.header #actions,#actionbar,.pswp,#mw-mf-last-modified,.page_stats,#end_options,#footer_newsletter{display:none}a,a:active,a:visited,a.new{color:#307530;text-decoration:none;word-wrap:break-word}a:active,a:hover{color:#439B05;text-decoration:underline}a.new{color:#B30000}a[title^='User']{color:#307530}a.external{background-image:none}.clearall{clear:both;height:0}#section_0.title_sm{font-size:1.3em}#section_0.title_md{font-size:1.5em}#section_0.title_lg{font-size:1.6em}#section_0 span.ja_how_to{color:#7b9965}#mw-mf-viewport{position:relative;height:100%}#mw-mf-page-center{padding:0;min-height:100%;width:100%;position:relative;z-index:3;background-color:#FFF;transition:all 0.5s ease 0s}#mw-mf-page-center.footerad{padding:0 0 180px}.footerad #footer{bottom:110px}.header_container{background-color:#93B874;position:fixed;border:0;z-index:10;top:0;width:100%}#header_container_small{display:none}#wh-progress-bar{position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:0;height:2px;background-color:#475347;transition:width 1s linear;-webkit-transition:width 1s linear;-moz-transition:width 1s linear;-o-transition:width 1s linear}.header{height:40px;display:table;white-space:nowrap;margin:0 auto;width:100%;border-top:none}#mw-mf-main-menu-button,#wikilove_header,#header_logo,#hs,#actions,#random-button,#secondary-button{width:3em;display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}#actions{width:auto}.header #mw-mf-main-menu-button,.header #secondary-button{text-indent:-9999px;background-repeat:no-repeat}.header #mw-mf-main-menu-button{background-position:40% 40%}.header #secondary-button{background-position:60% 40%}.header #secondary-button.user-button{text-indent:0;text-align:center}.header #secondary-button.user-button:hover{text-decoration:none}.header #secondary-button.user-button span{display:inline-block;width:24px;height:24px;font-weight:bold;color:#fff;line-height:24px;background:#c91f2c;border-radius:2px}.header .search{border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent}#hs,#hs_query{width:72px;position:static}.hs_active .search{padding-right:50px}#hs_query,#hs_close,#hs_submit{display:block;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;height:39px;margin:1px 0 0;padding:0;background-color:transparent;background-repeat:no-repeat;border:none}#hs_query{border:solid 5px #93B874;border-radius:10px;padding:0 5px;-webkit-appearance:none;background:#FFF url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/search_gray.svg) right 4px center / 20px no-repeat;box-sizing:border-box;color:transparent;font-size:16px;transition:width 100ms ease-in-out;outline:none;z-index:1}.hs_notif #hs_query{margin-right:40px}.hs_active.hs_notif #hs_query{margin-right:0}.hs_active #hs_query:valid{background-image:none}#hs_close{width:0;background:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/close.svg) center / 15px no-repeat;z-index:2}#hs_submit{display:none;position:absolute;background-size:20px;background-position:right 9px center;width:40px;z-index:2}.dynamic_poll_link{text-decoration:underline;font-size:14px}@media only screen and (max-width:599px){#hs_query,#hs_submit{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/search_gray.svg)}.hs_active #hs_query{color:#545454;width:100%;padding-left:34px;padding-right:34px;background-position:left 6px bottom 50%}.hs_active #hs_query:valid ~ #hs_submit{display:block;right:auto;left:0}.hs_active #hs_close{width:40px}#hs_query::-webkit-input-placeholder{opacity:0}.hs_active #hs_query::-webkit-input-placeholder{opacity:1}}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){#hs_query{background-color:#B3CE9C;color:#fff;width:30%;padding-left:10px;padding-right:34px}#hs_query,#hs_submit{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/mag_white.png)}#hs_query:valid ~ #hs_submit{display:block}#hs_query::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#E3F8D1}}.content{margin:0;word-wrap:break-word}.content img{max-width:100%;width:100%;height:auto}.content video{max-width:100%;width:100%;height:auto}.content h1,.content h2,.content h3,.content h4,.content h5,.content h6{line-height:1.3;padding:0.5em 0}.content p{margin-bottom:.7em}.content .thumb{margin:15px 0;border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:5px;background:#f9f9f9;text-align:center}.content ol ol,.content ul ol,.content ol ul,.content ul ul,dl{margin-left:1em}.pre-content h1,.content h1{font-size:1.8em}h2{font-size:1.5em}h3{font-size:1.2em;font-weight:bold}h4,dl dt{font-weight:bold}sup{vertical-align:super;line-height:normal}sub{vertical-align:sub}sub,sup{font-size:0.83em}pre{white-space:pre-wrap;overflow-wrap:break-word}#content_wrapper{padding-top:40px;background-color:#FFF}.pre-content{background-color:#FFF;border-bottom:none;margin:0}.section-heading .indicator{display:none}#section_0{border-bottom:none;color:#222;font-size:26px;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.2em;padding:12px 15px 0}#section_0.special_title{font-size:18px;margin-bottom:.5em;padding:15px 20px}#section_0 a{color:#222;text-decoration:none}.ns-0.action-view #section_0{padding:0 15px}#intro{background-color:#FFF;margin:0;padding:7px 15px 3px}body.action-view #content>#intro{padding-top:7px}#intro p{line-height:20px}#intro .mwimg{margin:-7px -15px 5px -15px}#intro .mwimg img{border-radius:0}.section{margin-top:1em;position:relative}.section .headline_container:not(.subheadline),.steps .headline_container{background-color:#F0F4EB;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;display:table}.headline_container h3,.headline_container h2{font-weight:bold;font-size:1.25em;padding:0}.section h2,.sample h3{display:inline-block;padding:.8em;color:#222}#intro .subtitle{color:#777;font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;font-size:1em;margin:-.25em 0 .75em 0;border-bottom:none;background:none}h4.steps_text{position:relative;padding-left:1em;background:#FFF4C4;color:#333}.section>.section_text>h3{background-position:3px center}.step_num{font-size:30px;color:#545454;padding:0 15px 0 0;float:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:39px}.stepanchor{display:block;position:relative;top:-110px;visibility:hidden}.steps_list_2 li{margin-bottom:1em;font-size:16px;line-height:normal;list-style:none;background-color:#FFF;border-radius:4px;padding:20px;clear:both}#content_wrapper{margin:0}.steps_list_2 li li{border:none;margin:0;list-style:disc;padding:0 }.steps_list_2 .mwimg.largeimage{margin:-20px -20px 10px}.mwimg{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);line-height:0;margin-bottom:1em;position:relative;text-align:center}#quick_summary_section .mwimg{margin-bottom:0}.steps_list_2 .mwimg.underwidth{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mwimg.techicon{display:inline;border:none}.mwimg.techicon img{width:auto;height:30px !important;position:relative;min-height:0;min-width:0}.mwimg.techicon .content-spacer{width:auto;height:30px !important;padding-top:0 !important;display:inline}.content img.whvgif{width:100%;max-width:760px !important}.caption{position:absolute;width:96%;bottom:0;left:0;background-color:#444;opacity:0.7;text-align:left;font-size:12px;line-height:normal;padding:5px 2%;color:#fff}.mwimg.tright{float:right}.steps_list_2 li li .mwimg.largeimage{margin:5px 0}.section_text,.steps_text{padding:15px;background-color:#FFF;border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;font-size:16px}.steps.sample .section_text{background-color:#FFF}.sample p{padding:.9em;margin:0}#quicksummary{padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:-15px}#video.section_text{padding:0}#quick_summary_section.section_text{padding-bottom:0}#video .embedvideocontainer{width:100%}.content .steps_list_2 ul,.content .steps_list_2 ol{margin:8px 0 0 30px}.steps .section_text{background-color:inherit;padding:0;border:none}.altblock{background:#93b874;color:#FFF;text-align:center;padding:0;border-radius:7px;font-size:0;width:3rem;height:3rem;display:table;position:absolute;margin:.625rem;top:0}.altblock > div{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.altblock > div > span{font-size:21px;font-weight:bold}.headline_info{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;padding:.6rem .35rem .6rem 4.5rem;height:3rem}.headline_container:not(.block_header) .headline_info{padding:0}.method_label{font-size:16px;font-weight:normal;color:#707070}#thingsyoullneed{overflow:hidden}#ingredients li,#thingsyoullneed li{clear:both;list-style:none;margin-bottom:1.1em;line-height:20px}#thingsyoullneed li > ul{margin-top:10px;margin-left:27px}.checkmark{border:1px solid #a3a3a3;width:.9em;height:.9em;border-radius:4px;float:left;margin-right:.5em} .section:not(.steps) h3{font-weight:normal;font-size:1rem}.section:not(.steps) .subheadline{position:relative}.section:not(.steps) .subheadline .altblock{margin:.15rem 0 0;height:1rem;width:1rem;border-radius:0}.section:not(.steps) .subheadline .headline_info{display:inline-block;padding:0 0 .5em 1.5em;height:auto}.section:not(.steps) .block_header h2{padding:0;height:3rem;display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.section.tips .altblock{background:#93b874 url(/skins/owl/images/tips_icon.svg) center / 32px no-repeat}.section.warnings .altblock{background:#93b874 url(/skins/owl/images/warnings_icon.svg) center / 32px no-repeat}.tysk .headline_container{background:#F0F4EB 0 0 / 42px repeat-y;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 1 1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill='%2393b874' d='M0 0h.5v1H0z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.section.tysk h2{padding-left:2.25rem}.content ul{list-style:disc inside}.section h2.android,.section h3.android,.tool div.android{top:0}.content .edit-page{display:none}.stable .content p,.stable .content li,.stable .content dl{line-height:25px}#header_logo{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;background:center / 115px no-repeat url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/wikihow_logo_230.png);width:auto;height:38px;padding:0 14px}#skip-main{width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;left:6px;top:6px}#skip-main:focus,#skip-main:active{width:fit-content;height:fit-content;overflow:visible;color:white;padding:2px;font-weight:bold;z-index:999;background-color:#92B874 }.header #mw-mf-main-menu-button{width:72px;border-right:none;background:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/main_menu_button.svg) left 15px bottom 50% / 18px no-repeat}.header #mw-mf-main-menu-button,.header #secondary-button{height:auto}.header #secondary-button.user-button{padding-top:.35em}#random-button{background:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_random.svg) center no-repeat}.wh_search .cse_q{border:none}.breadcrumbs li{display:inline-block;padding-right:.3em}.breadcrumbs li:after{content:' \20\00BB'}.breadcrumbs li:last-child:after{content:''}#breadcrumb{font-size:.7em;padding:1em 0 .7em 15px;text-transform:uppercase}#breadcrumb li{display:none;line-height:1em;padding-right:.5em}#breadcrumb li:after{color:#307530;font-size:1.25em;white-space:pre}#breadcrumb li:nth-last-child(2),#breadcrumb li:last-child{display:inline-block;font-weight:bold} .button,button,.panel .button,.panel button,.buttonBar .button,.buttonBar button,.buttonBar input[type="submit"],.mw-ui-button,input[type="submit"]{border-radius:4px;text-align:center;color:#FFF;padding:8px 11px;font-size:1.1em;margin-right:10px;cursor:pointer;background-image:none;background-color:#97ba78;border:1px solid #97ba78;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none}.button.secondary{color:#686868;background-color:#fff;background-image:none;border:1px solid #e5e5e5} #wh_ad_middle_related{float:left}#wh_ad_tips,#pagebottom{margin-top:12px}.al_method{text-align:center;font-size:12px;color:#999}#references_first ins{margin-top:10px}.method_ad{margin:17px 0 0 -16px;display:block}.wh_ad1_full{margin-left:-16px}.embedvideocontainer{position:relative;width:99%;height:0;padding-bottom:56.25%}.section.video.youtube_short_articles{display:block}.section.video.youtube_short_articles .headline_info{display:none}.embedvideocontainer.ytshort{position:relative;width:auto;height:0;padding-bottom:177.78%}.embedvideo{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}body.action-view #fa_container p{width:100%;font-size:16px !important;line-height:16px !important}.content #intro ul,.content .section_text ul{list-style:disc outside;padding-left:24px}.content .section_text .steps_list_2 ul,.content .ingredients ul,.content .thingsyoullneed ul{padding-left:0}.content #intro li,.content .section_text ul li{margin-bottom:5px}.content .section_text.expert_advice_section ul li{margin-bottom:12px;font-size:14px;line-height:22px;list-style:none}.content .section_text.expert_advice_section ul{padding-left:16px}.content .expert_advice_section p{margin-bottom:10px;color:#5f5f5f;font-size:14px;line-height:23px}.content .section_text .steps_list_2 ul li,.content .ingredients ul li,.content .thingsyoullneed ul li{margin-bottom:0}.content .ingredients ul ul{margin:20px 0 0 26px}#social_proof_anchor{margin-top:-115px;display:block;position:absolute}.related-article{float:left;position:relative;width:100%;margin-bottom:2%}#relatedwikihows{padding:2%}.content-spacer{position:relative}.content-fill{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;width:1px;min-width:100%;height:1px;min-height:100%;color:#fff }#mobile_tab_container{position:relative;border:1px solid #E6EEE0;border-width:1px 0;clear:both;background:#f7faf6;margin:5px -15px 15px;box-shadow:0 6px 6px -6px rgba(84,84,84,.3)}#mobile_tab_container a,#mobile_tab_container a:visited{color:#707070}.mobile_tab{position:relative;margin:0 1em 0 1.3em;padding:.7em 0 .8em;font-weight:bold;font-size:.8em;display:inline-block}.mobile_tab.video{margin-left:0}.mobile_tab a{padding:.2em 0}.mobile_tab.video a{padding-right:1.9em;background:right 0 bottom 57% / 18px no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 15 15'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23fff' stroke='%23a3a3a3' d='M14.13 3a2.66 2.66 0 00-1.06-1.1 3.84 3.84 0 00-2.16-.4H4.1a3.88 3.88 0 00-2.17.4A2.69 2.69 0 00.88 3 4.47 4.47 0 00.5 5.34v4.32A4.5 4.5 0 00.88 12a2.69 2.69 0 001 1.14 3.88 3.88 0 002.17.4h6.81a3.84 3.84 0 002.16-.4A2.66 2.66 0 0014.13 12a4.53 4.53 0 00.37-2.3V5.34A4.51 4.51 0 0014.13 3z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%23a3a3a3' d='M10.76 7.84a.78.78 0 01-.31.34l-4.74 2.53a.68.68 0 01-.93-.34.76.76 0 01-.08-.37V5a.73.73 0 01.7-.75.65.65 0 01.31.08l4.74 2.53a.78.78 0 01.31.98z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}#mobile_tab_line{position:absolute;bottom:0;background-color:#6d9d6c;height:4px;width:90%;margin-left:5%;border-radius:4px 4px 0 0}.summarysection.mwimg,.summarysection .mwimg{margin:-16px -15px 0}.content .m-video{max-width:100%;width:100%;height:auto}.summary-video{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.video-poster-image{position:absolute;z-index:1}.video-poster-image img{object-fit:cover}.green_tips_box_inline{background-color:#fff5d9;color:#000;margin:0;width:75%;display:inline}.img-loading-hide{visibility:hidden}.img-loading-alt{color:#000}#gdpr{width:100%;margin:0 auto;position:fixed;bottom:0;max-height:70px;z-index:10000;text-align:center;background-color:#475347;color:#FFF;padding:9px 5px;display:none}.gdpr_button,button.gdpr_button{background-color:#b6e684;border:1px solid #b6e684;color:#000;display:inline-block;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;padding:5px 10px 6px 10px;-moz-border-radius:4px;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:super;margin-left:5px;margin-right:0}#gdpr_text{font-size:0.9em;display:inline-block;max-width:73%;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle}#gdpr_text a{color:#EEE;text-decoration:underline}#gdpr_text_inner{padding-right:3px}#gdpr_accept_wrap{display:inline-block}#gdpr_cp_link{font-size:13px;color:#FFF;text-decoration:underline;display:inline-block}.mw-mf-display-toggle > a{color:#AFAFAF;font-size:1em}.mw-mf-display-toggle{bottom:0;margin:3em 0 10px 13px;color:#AFAFAF;font-size:.75em}.geo-group-eu .mw-mf-display-toggle{padding-left:0;background:none}.gdpr_only{visibility:hidden}.no_gdpr{visibility:visible}.geo-group-eu .gdpr_only{visibility:visible}.geo-group-eu .no_gdpr{visibility:hidden}#mw-mf-page-left{position:fixed !important;overflow-y:scroll;height:100%}body.navigation-enabled #mw-mf-page-left{display:block}.noarticletext div{border:none !important;padding:0;margin-bottom:0.75em}ol.references{padding-left:.5em}.references li{position:relative;list-style-position:outside}.references li span{margin-left:3px;word-break:break-word}.references li > a{float:left;margin-top:-2px}.sourcesandcitations{word-break:break-all}.sourcesandcitations .section_text{padding-left:30px} #aiinfo:target ~ .aidata,#social_proof_mobile:target ~ .aidata{display:block}.aidata,#aiinfo:target,#social_proof_mobile:target ~ #aiinfo{display:none}.section.articleinfo{margin-top:0;padding-top:0}.articleinfo #articleinfo{margin-top:-5px;border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;border-top:none;position:relative}#articleinfo #info_link{width:100%;display:block}#articleinfo #info_link,.collapse_link{ background:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/show_sources.svg) right .5em center / 20px no-repeat} #social_proof_mobile + .articleinfo #articleinfo,#summary_wrapper + .articleinfo #articleinfo{ padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #f3f3f3;border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;margin-top:-5px;position:relative;z-index:1}#summary_close{display:none}#references_second{padding-top:0;border-top:0;margin-top:-10px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0} .article_byline{color:#222;font-size:12px;overflow:auto}#intro .article_byline p{line-height:1rem;margin:0}#recipe_byline{line-height:24px; }#coauthor_byline{margin-bottom:.75rem}#byline_info{line-height:1rem}.newline{display:block}#coauthor_byline_p{color:#595959}.last_updated_highlighted{font-weight:bold}#coauthor_byline_p{padding-top:.1em}.coauthor_link{font-weight:bold}.coauthor_pipe{padding:0 .15em}.coauthor_checkstar{padding-right:1.2em;background:right center / .9em no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='14' height='14' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath d='M13.499 7.249c.031-.506-.475-.98-1.234-1.265.633-.538.917-1.17.728-1.645-.19-.443-.823-.664-1.582-.6.285-.728.285-1.36-.063-1.708-.38-.348-1.043-.253-1.707.126C9.609 1.367 9.324.766 8.85.64c-.506-.158-1.075.253-1.55.949C6.92.86 6.383.418 5.877.513c-.506.095-.853.664-.948 1.454-.633-.474-1.297-.6-1.708-.316-.443.285-.506.917-.285 1.645-.759-.127-1.391 0-1.644.442-.253.443 0 1.076.538 1.676C1.039 5.636.5 6.047.5 6.553c-.031.506.475 1.012 1.234 1.265-.601.569-.917 1.201-.696 1.676.19.474.822.664 1.581.6-.284.728-.284 1.36.063 1.708.38.316 1.044.253 1.708-.126.032.79.316 1.36.79 1.518.507.158 1.076-.253 1.55-.949.38.727.917 1.17 1.423 1.075.506-.095.854-.664.949-1.454.632.474 1.296.6 1.708.316.41-.285.474-.949.253-1.676.759.126 1.391 0 1.644-.443.253-.443 0-1.075-.538-1.676.791-.221 1.329-.633 1.329-1.138Z' fill='%2355AAE4'/%3E%3Cpath d='m10.052 5.699-3.51 3.51a.2.2 0 0 1-.285 0L3.948 7.343c-.19-.19-.19-.284 0-.474l.633-.632c.253-.253.316-.19.506 0l1.138.885c.063.063.19.063.253-.032L8.976 4.53c.19-.19.285-.221.475 0l.632.632c.19.253.222.285-.031.538Z' fill='%23fff'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.coauthor_avatar_badge.staff_badge{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%0A%3Csvg width='12' height='12' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Ccircle cx='6' cy='6' r='6' fill='%239CB77C'/%3E%3Cpath d='M.555 4.589h1.808v.66h-.075c-.087 0-.143.009-.168.027a.108.108 0 0 0-.048.092c0 .034.01.083.031.147l.479 1.477.413-1.152-.11-.325a.43.43 0 0 0-.119-.202.337.337 0 0 0-.205-.064v-.66h1.72v.66h-.14c-.078 0-.132.01-.162.034a.117.117 0 0 0-.044.099c0 .04.014.1.041.178l.414 1.227.417-1.227a.619.619 0 0 0 .04-.182.104.104 0 0 0-.05-.095c-.033-.023-.1-.034-.206-.034h-.078v-.66h1.534v.66a.708.708 0 0 0-.215.02.225.225 0 0 0-.089.065.96.96 0 0 0-.106.226L4.717 8h-.905l-.51-1.377L2.784 8h-.912l-.9-2.44a.767.767 0 0 0-.116-.216.193.193 0 0 0-.088-.075.822.822 0 0 0-.212-.02v-.66Z' fill='%231D221D'/%3E%3Cpath d='M5.75 3.232h2.327v.66h-.215c-.119 0-.2.012-.243.037a.194.194 0 0 0-.092.103.923.923 0 0 0-.027.287v.83h1.736v-.892a.785.785 0 0 0-.02-.222.18.18 0 0 0-.093-.113c-.043-.02-.139-.03-.287-.03h-.181v-.66h2.334v.66h-.195c-.132 0-.22.011-.263.034a.18.18 0 0 0-.092.095c-.016.042-.024.14-.024.298v2.584c0 .16.01.263.03.31a.21.21 0 0 0 .1.1c.046.018.148.027.307.027h.137V8H8.655v-.66h.154c.143 0 .24-.011.29-.034a.19.19 0 0 0 .106-.099c.02-.043.03-.145.03-.304V5.895H7.5v1.008c0 .16.006.258.02.297a.186.186 0 0 0 .106.113.981.981 0 0 0 .29.027h.161V8H5.75v-.66h.157a.774.774 0 0 0 .277-.034.192.192 0 0 0 .106-.096c.02-.04.03-.13.03-.27V4.35c0-.162-.01-.267-.03-.315a.196.196 0 0 0-.09-.11.558.558 0 0 0-.239-.033H5.75v-.66Z' fill='%23fff'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:19px}.coauthor_avatar_badge.no_badge{background-image:none}.coauthor_avatar_badge{height:19px;width:19px;position:absolute;margin:37px 0 0 37px;z-index:1; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='14' height='14' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath d='M13.499 7.249c.031-.506-.475-.98-1.234-1.265.633-.538.917-1.17.728-1.645-.19-.443-.823-.664-1.582-.6.285-.728.285-1.36-.063-1.708-.38-.348-1.043-.253-1.707.126C9.609 1.367 9.324.766 8.85.64c-.506-.158-1.075.253-1.55.949C6.92.86 6.383.418 5.877.513c-.506.095-.853.664-.948 1.454-.633-.474-1.297-.6-1.708-.316-.443.285-.506.917-.285 1.645-.759-.127-1.391 0-1.644.442-.253.443 0 1.076.538 1.676C1.039 5.636.5 6.047.5 6.553c-.031.506.475 1.012 1.234 1.265-.601.569-.917 1.201-.696 1.676.19.474.822.664 1.581.6-.284.728-.284 1.36.063 1.708.38.316 1.044.253 1.708-.126.032.79.316 1.36.79 1.518.507.158 1.076-.253 1.55-.949.38.727.917 1.17 1.423 1.075.506-.095.854-.664.949-1.454.632.474 1.296.6 1.708.316.41-.285.474-.949.253-1.676.759.126 1.391 0 1.644-.443.253-.443 0-1.075-.538-1.676.791-.221 1.329-.633 1.329-1.138Z' fill='%2355AAE4'/%3E%3Cpath d='m10.052 5.699-3.51 3.51a.2.2 0 0 1-.285 0L3.948 7.343c-.19-.19-.19-.284 0-.474l.633-.632c.253-.253.316-.19.506 0l1.138.885c.063.063.19.063.253-.032L8.976 4.53c.19-.19.285-.221.475 0l.632.632c.19.253.222.285-.031.538Z' fill='%23fff'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-size:cover}.coauthor_circle_i{padding-left:1.2em;background:left 1px / .9em no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 100 100' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cg fill='none' fill-rule='evenodd'%3E%3Ccircle fill='%23307530' cx='50' cy='50' r='50'/%3E%3Crect fill='%23FFF' x='42' y='39' width='16' height='42' rx='4'/%3E%3Ccircle fill='%23FFF' cx='50' cy='26' r='9'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E")}#coauthor_image{float:left;margin:3px 10px 0 0;border-radius:16%;width:50px;height:50px;max-width:50px;overflow:hidden}.article_byline .sp_star_section_upper{margin-bottom:-4px;min-width:115px}.byline_extra{white-space:nowrap}.byline_references{background:left center no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 9.12 11.86'%3E%3Cg opacity='.8'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23595959' d='M8.66,2.74H1.82a.92.92,0,0,1,0-1.83H8.66A.46.46,0,0,0,9.12.46.46.46,0,0,0,8.66,0H1.82A1.83,1.83,0,0,0,0,1.82V10a1.84,1.84,0,0,0,1.82,1.83H8.66a.47.47,0,0,0,.46-.46h0V3.19a.46.46,0,0,0-.46-.45Zm-6.84,8.2A.91.91,0,0,1,.91,10V3.39a1.74,1.74,0,0,0,.91.26H8.21V11Zm7.3-9.12a.45.45,0,0,1-.45.46H1.82a.46.46,0,0,1,0-.91H8.66a.46.46,0,0,1,.46.45Z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");padding-left:1.2em}#coauthor_byline .byline_info_link{margin-right:.5em;color:#595959}#coauthor_byline .eat_tag{margin-right:.5em;color:#595959}.success_stories{padding-right:.3em}.ss_pipe{color:#e9e7e3}.byline_success{white-space:nowrap;background:left center / 1em no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 16.276 15.081'%3E%3Cg transform='translate(-44.1 -201.134)'%3E%3Cpath d='M57.213 209.537v6.107a.572.572 0 01-.571.571h-8.858a.572.572 0 01-.571-.571v-6.107a.572.572 0 01.571-.571.585.585 0 01.14.023.508.508 0 01.315.2.6.6 0 01.117.35v3.508h6.119a.571.571 0 110 1.142h-6.12v.886h7.716v-5.536a.571.571 0 011.142 0z' fill='%2397ba78'/%3E%3Cpath d='M52.213 201.134l-.606 1.224a2.5 2.5 0 00-1.876 2.471.541.541 0 01-.07.268.563.563 0 01-.769.233 2.322 2.322 0 00-1.177-.291H47.7a2.5 2.5 0 00-2.459 2.552 2.538 2.538 0 001.97 2.517l.711-1.119a.508.508 0 01.315.2l-1.026 2.075a3.708 3.708 0 01.5-7.366 4.032 4.032 0 01.979.128 3.617 3.617 0 013.523-2.892z' fill='%2397ba78'/%3E%3Cpath d='M52.259 201.134l.606 1.224a2.5 2.5 0 011.876 2.471.541.541 0 00.07.268.563.563 0 00.769.233 2.322 2.322 0 011.177-.291h.012a2.5 2.5 0 012.459 2.552 2.538 2.538 0 01-1.97 2.517l-.711-1.119a.509.509 0 00-.315.2l1.026 2.075a3.708 3.708 0 00-.5-7.366 4.032 4.032 0 00-.979.128 3.617 3.617 0 00-3.52-2.892z' fill='%2397ba78'/%3E%3Cpath d='M48.146 205.709a2.253 2.253 0 00-2.209 2.274.564.564 0 001.126 0 1.091 1.091 0 011.069-1.113h.014a.581.581 0 000-1.161z' fill='%2397ba78'/%3E%3Cpath d='M51.064 202.568a2.763 2.763 0 012.347 0l-1.042-1.434H52.1z' fill='%2397ba78'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");padding-left:1.2em}#coauthor_byline .eat_tag{font-weight:600;padding-left:1.3em;background:left center / 1em no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 7.154 7.154'%3E%3Cg transform='translate(-58.981 -26.634)' opacity='.8'%3E%3Cpath d='M64.456 29.509l-2.2 2.2a.125.125 0 01-.177 0l-1.446-1.169c-.119-.119-.119-.179 0-.3l.4-.4c.158-.159.2-.119.317 0l.713.554a.105.105 0 00.148-.006l.01-.013 1.565-1.6c.119-.119.178-.137.3 0l.4.4c.108.156.128.175-.03.334z' fill='%23595959'/%3E%3Crect width='6.554' height='6.554' rx='1.689' transform='translate(59.281 26.934)' fill='none' stroke='%23595959' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='.6'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.eat_tag:hover{text-decoration:none}.sp_expert_text{line-height:52px;text-align:left;margin-left:65px}.sp_expert_text > div{line-height:normal;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin:0 auto;color:#222}.sp_expert_name,.sp_expert_team{font-size:16px;font-weight:bold}.sp_expert_blurb{font-weight:normal}.sp_coauthor_label{font-size:.85em;font-weight:bold;color:#545454}.ar_avatar{width:50px;height:50px;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;border-radius:16%;margin-top:2px;box-sizing:border-box}.expert_initials{background:#97ba78;color:#475346;text-align:center;font-size:22px;font-weight:bold;line-height:50px}.sp_top_icon_bg{margin:0;position:absolute;width:50px;height:50px;background-color:#ADC996;border-radius:16%}.sp_top_icon_bg_div{background-repeat:no-repeat}#trust_banner{width:100%;position:relative;z-index:1;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:#e4ecdc;padding:.5em 15px;font-size:12px;line-height:1em;top:40px}#trust_banner > div{max-width:728px;margin:0 auto}#trust_banner a{color:#417505;padding-left:1.5em;font-weight:normal; background:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_expert_icon_white.svg) left center / 1.1em no-repeat}#trust_banner span{display:none}.sp_star_section_upper{display:inline-block}.sp_star_container{position:relative;width:21px;height:20px;float:left;border-right:2px solid transparent;background:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_helpful_icon_star_empty.optimized.svg) 0 0 / cover no-repeat}.sp_helpful_icon_star{width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;background:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_helpful_icon_star.optimized.svg) 0 0 / cover no-repeat}.pretty_star,.sp_helpful_box .recipe_star{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 26.028 24.652'%3E%3Cpath fill='%2393B874' d='M13.014 0l4.022 8.115 8.992 1.301-6.507 6.316 1.536 8.919-8.043-4.211-8.043 4.211 1.536-8.919L0 9.416l8.992-1.301L13.014 0z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.recipe_star{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 26.028 24.652'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23fecf4f' d='M13.014 0l4.022 8.115 8.992 1.301-6.507 6.316 1.536 8.919-8.043-4.211-8.043 4.211 1.536-8.919L0 9.416l8.992-1.301L13.014 0z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")} @media only screen and (min-width:500px) and (min-aspect-ratio:13/9){.content .sticking .edit-page{margin-right:50px}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.mwimg{border-bottom:none}.related-article{width:48%;margin-right:2%}}.skin-minervawh .content .section-heading{margin-bottom:0;border:none}.content ol{list-style:decimal inside}.content .in-block.steps_text{display:block}.mw-mf-cleanup{display:block;padding:10px 15px 10px 44px;background:url(/extensions/wikihow/MobileFrontendWikihow/images/wikihow/icon-notification.svg) 10px center / 24px no-repeat;margin-bottom:4px}.overlay-issues .cleanup > li .issue-notice{padding-top:50px} #sidebar #jpt_sidebox{padding:0;background-color:#f6f5f4}#footer_ccpa,#footer_ccpa_optout{display:none}.reference.trusted{background:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_expert_icon_white.svg) no-repeat right 2px/12px;padding-right:14px;display:inline-block}.reference{position:relative} .bolded{font-weight:bold;font-size:14px}.steps_text.healthintro{margin-bottom:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0}.healtharticle{margin-bottom:25px}.healtharticle .altblock{background:#93b874 url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowhealth/icon_wikihow_health.svg) center / 32px no-repeat}a.pdf_link,a.offline_link{color:#545454;border-radius:4px}a.offline_link{color:white}.small_pdf_link,.small_offline_link{display:inline-flex;font-size:12px;margin:-5px 0 10px;padding:.35em;border:1px solid #e7e7e7;background-color:#f6f6f6}.small_offline_link{border:none;background-color:#93b874;padding:5px 7px}.hide_pdf_button{display:none}.pdf_link > img,.offline_link > img{width:15px;margin-right:5px}.large_pdf_link,.large_offline_link{display:none}.pdf_link.pdf_link_hidden,.offline_link.pdf_link_hidden{display:none !important}a.pdf_link.disabled,a.offline_link.disabled{pointer-events:none;opacity:.2}a.pdf_link:hover,a.pdf_link:active,a.offline_link:hover,a.offline_link:active{text-decoration:none}.pdf_pro_div{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;color:#FFF;background:#FFCF5A;border-radius:2px;margin-left:.75em;padding:0 .5em;height:16px;line-height:17px}.pdf_pro_div{background:#93b874}.offline_link{display:none}.list_method .method_label,.list_method .step_num{display:none}.list_method .step,.list_method li,.list_method .section_text{font-size:18px;line-height:26px}.list_method #mf-section-0 p{font-size:18px;line-height:26px} #sd_container{border:none}#sd_container{padding:15px;background-color:#FFF;-moz-border-radius:4px;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-justify-content:space-around;-ms-flex-pack:distribute;justify-content:space-around;-webkit-align-items:stretch;-ms-flex-align:stretch;align-items:stretch}.sd_content{width:125px;margin:auto}.sd_thumb{position:relative;text-align:center;width:100%;max-width:200px;margin:6px}.sd_thumb img{border:1px solid #BBB;width:100%;height:auto} .qa_user_hover{display:none} .qa_answers{position:relative}.qa_obscured_prompt{display:block;position:absolute;left:0;top:3.75em;right:0;bottom:0;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5);z-index:2}.qa_unlocked .qa_obscured_prompt{display:none}.sd_obscured_link{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;bottom:0;right:0;cursor:pointer}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay,.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay{position:absolute;background-color:#F7FAF5;box-shadow:1px 1px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.41);border-radius:5px;padding:10px 15px;z-index:1;box-sizing:border-box;display:table}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay{left:1em;top:0.5em;text-shadow:none;color:initial;min-height:72px;max-width:85%}.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay{font-size:smaller}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay:hover,.sd_obscured_link:hover .sd_obscured_thumb_overlay{background-color:#F2F6EB}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay a,.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay a{font-weight:bold}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay a:hover,.sd_obscured_link:hover .sd_obscured_thumb_overlay a{text-decoration:none}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay_img,.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay_img{position:absolute;border:none !important}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay_img{width:37px !important}.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay_img{width:24px !important}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay p,.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay p{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0 0 52px;margin:0}#sd_container .sd_thumb .sd_obscured_thumb_overlay p{line-height:18px}.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay p{padding:0 0 0 32px}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay p strong,.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay p strong{color:#307530}.qa_answer.qa_obscured_answer{margin:1em 0 0 0;color:transparent;text-shadow:0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.5)}.sd_obscured_prompt{padding-top:25%}.qa_obscured_cta{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;bottom:0;font-size:0.7em;font-weight:normal;text-align:right;background-color:#FDF5D1;padding:13px;border-top-right-radius:4px;max-width:62%}.qa_obscured_cta_pitch{display:block;font-weight:bold}.qa_obscured_cta_link{display:inline-block;font-weight:bold}@media only screen and (max-width:727px){.qa_obscured_cta{display:none}}#eu_cp_save{display:none}.menuitem.top_cat{padding-left:25px;font-size:14px;line-height:22px}#promopair_container{display:none}#housebottom_ad{display:none}.house-promo{display:none}#left_sidebox{display:none}@media only screen and (max-width:727px){.sample_initial_location{display:none}}#footer_links li{word-break:break-word}.cat_grid_filter{display:none}.ccpa_footer_extra{display:none}.maticons_for_googlefc{font-family:"Material Icons";font-size:0}.opensans_for_googlefc{font-family:"Open Sans",sans-serif;font-size:0}#debug_hover{height:280px;width:100%;position:fixed;left:0;bottom:0}#debug_hover ul{display:inline-block;background:white}#summary_text{display:none}.s-help-wrap{display:none}.section_text .collapse_link{width:100%;display:block;color:#545454}.section.aidata{margin-top:0px}@media only screen and (min-width:728px){.section.aidata{margin-top:-12px}}.collapse_link.open{margin-bottom:5px;background-image:none}.image_details{display:none}.related-wh{position:relative;margin-bottom:0}.related-wh-title{bottom:6px}.m-video-intro-over{position:absolute;top:0;z-index:3;width:100%;visibility:hidden;background:rgba(0,0,0,.3);height:100%}.section.summary_with_video h2{background-color:#F0F4EB;color:#fff;border-bottom:0}.summary_with_video h2 span.mw-headline{color:#222}.m-video-play-count-triangle{width:0;height:0;border-top:11px solid rgba(145,182,115,1);border-bottom:11px solid rgba(145,182,115,1);border-left:20px solid #fff;display:inline-block;position:absolute;top:19px;left:20px;background-image:none}.m-video-intro-over .m-video-play{border:none;width:74px;height:60px;padding-left:47px;line-height:60px;color:#fff;font-size:18px;top:0;bottom:0;font-weight:bold;margin:auto;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;text-align:left;cursor:default;user-select:none}.m-video-intro-over .m-video-play-text{background-color:#91b673;border-radius:10px;padding-right:21px;padding-left:47px;margin-left:-47px;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap}.m-video::-webkit-media-controls-overlay-play-button{display:none}.m-video-controls{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:0;bottom:0}@media only screen and (min-width:728px){.section.summary_with_video h2{background-color:#FFF;border-radius:4px 4px 0 0}}.content .portrait .m-video{aspect-ratio:9/16;max-width:430px}.content .portrait .m-video-controls{margin:0 auto;max-width:430px}@media only screen and (min-width:728px){.section.quicksummary.vertical_video{margin-top:0}}.m-video-intro-text:nth-child(1){font-size:2em}.m-video-intro-text.m-video-intro-text-long{font-size:1.5em}.m-video-intro-text.m-video-intro-text-very-long{font-size:1em}#m-video-intro-time-v2{bottom:-11px;font-size:1.2em;height:48px;width:43px;line-height:2.65em}.video .mw-headline{display:inline}.header .search{display:table-cell}.header .search .cse_q{width:25px;height:25px;padding-right:25px}.header .search .cse_q:focus{position:absolute;left:5px;top:5px;right:5px;width:auto}.header .search .cse_sa{background-color:transparent;background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/gray_mag.png); background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/gray_mag.svg);background-size:25px 25px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center center;width:25px;height:25px;border:none;margin:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;right:10px}#mw-mf-viewport{background-color:#E9E7E3}#mw-mf-viewport.menuopen{overflow:auto}#sidebar{display:none}.section.bss_share_container{margin-top:0;text-align:center}.bss_share_container > div{background:#F6F6F6;width:100%;max-width:300px;margin:auto}.bss_share_title.section-heading{border:0;background:none}.bss_share_container .section_text{padding-top:0px;background:none}.bss_share_button.button.secondary{display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;color:#97ba78;border:1px #97ba78 solid;background-color:#fff;margin-right:0}#mw-mf-page-left{position:fixed;height:auto;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;min-width:275px;visibility:hidden;z-index:4;overflow-y:auto;-webkit-transform:translate(-100%,0);-ms-transform:translate(-100%,0);transform:translate(-100%,0);-webkit-transition:opacity 250ms ease-in-out,visibility 250ms ease-in-out,transform 250ms ease-in-out;transition:opacity 250ms ease-in-out,visibility 250ms ease-in-out,transform 250ms ease-in-out}#mw-mf-page-left ul li a{font-size:0.9em}#mw-mf-page-left.menu_opened{visibility:visible;box-shadow:1px 0 8px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 35%);-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}#mw-mf-page-left .icon-user{position:relative;font-weight:bold}#mw-mf-page-left .icon-user .icon-secondary{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;bottom:0;border-left:1px solid #a2a9b1}.header.love_button #mw-mf-main-menu-button{width:50px}.love_button #hs,.love_button #hs_query{width:60px}.love_button #hs.hs_active,.love_button .hs_active #hs_query{width:100%}#wikilove_button.button{display:block;background:#FABC3B;color:#FFF;font-size:.8em;font-weight:bold;padding:.25em .5em;margin:0;border-radius:7px;border:none}.mobile_tab.compquiz{margin-left:0}.mobile_tab.compquiz a{padding-right:1.9em;background:right 0 bottom 57% / 18px no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xml:space='preserve' width='747' height='770' overflow='hidden'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3CclipPath id='a'%3E%3Cpath d='M3272 64h747v770h-747z'/%3E%3C/clipPath%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Cg clip-path='url(%23a)' transform='translate(-3272 -64)'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23FFF' stroke='%23A3A3A3' stroke-miterlimit='8' stroke-width='20.625' d='M3283.5 119.487c0-22.637 18.35-40.987 40.99-40.987h641.02c22.64 0 40.99 18.35 40.99 40.987v660.026c0 22.637-18.35 40.987-40.99 40.987h-641.02c-22.64 0-40.99-18.35-40.99-40.987Z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%23FFF' stroke='%23A3A3A3' stroke-miterlimit='8' stroke-width='20.625' d='M3522.5 254.5c0-67.379 54.62-122 122-122s122 54.621 122 122c0 67.379-54.62 122-122 122s-122-54.621-122-122Zm-171 203.5c0-22.92 18.58-41.5 41.5-41.5s41.5 18.58 41.5 41.5-18.58 41.5-41.5 41.5-41.5-18.58-41.5-41.5Z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%23A3A3A3' fill-rule='evenodd' stroke='%23A3A3A3' stroke-miterlimit='8' stroke-width='20.625' d='M3351.5 594c0-22.92 18.58-41.5 41.5-41.5s41.5 18.58 41.5 41.5-18.58 41.5-41.5 41.5-41.5-18.58-41.5-41.5Z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%23FFF' stroke='%23A3A3A3' stroke-miterlimit='8' stroke-width='20.625' d='M3351.5 730.5c0-23.196 18.58-42 41.5-42s41.5 18.804 41.5 42-18.58 42-41.5 42-41.5-18.804-41.5-42Z'/%3E%3Ctext fill='%23A3A3A3' font-family='Arial,Arial_MSFontService,sans-serif' font-size='183' font-weight='700' transform='translate(3587.37 318)'%3E%3F%3C/text%3E%3Cpath fill='%23A3A3A3' fill-rule='evenodd' stroke='%23A3A3A3' stroke-miterlimit='8' stroke-width='4.583' d='M3473.5 440.334a8.83 8.83 0 0 1 8.83-8.834h243.34c4.87 0 8.83 3.955 8.83 8.834v35.332c0 4.879-3.96 8.834-8.83 8.834h-243.34a8.83 8.83 0 0 1-8.83-8.834Zm0 136a8.83 8.83 0 0 1 8.83-8.834h441.34c4.87 0 8.83 3.955 8.83 8.834v35.332c0 4.879-3.96 8.834-8.83 8.834h-441.34a8.83 8.83 0 0 1-8.83-8.834Zm0 136a8.83 8.83 0 0 1 8.83-8.834h325.34a8.83 8.83 0 0 1 8.83 8.834v35.333a8.83 8.83 0 0 1-8.83 8.833h-325.34a8.83 8.83 0 0 1-8.83-8.833Z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.mobile_tab.readervoices{margin-left:0}.mobile_tab.readervoices a{padding-right:1.9em;background:right 0 bottom 57% / 18px no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='307' height='307' fill='none'%3E%3Cmask id='a' width='257' height='257' x='25' y='25' maskUnits='userSpaceOnUse' style='mask-type:alpha'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23fff' d='M89.542 230.25c-3.625 0-6.665-1.228-9.12-3.684-2.457-2.456-3.68-5.492-3.672-9.108v-25.583h166.292V76.75h25.583c3.624 0 6.664 1.228 9.12 3.684 2.456 2.456 3.68 5.492 3.672 9.108v191.875L230.25 230.25H89.542Zm-63.959-12.792V38.375c0-3.624 1.228-6.665 3.684-9.12 2.456-2.456 5.492-3.68 9.108-3.672h166.292c3.624 0 6.664 1.228 9.12 3.684 2.456 2.456 3.68 5.492 3.671 9.108V153.5c0 3.624-1.228 6.664-3.684 9.12-2.456 2.456-5.492 3.68-9.107 3.672H76.75l-51.167 51.166Z'/%3E%3C/mask%3E%3Cg fill='%23F4B642' mask='url(%23a)'%3E%3Cpath d='M0 0h228.745v182.093H0z'/%3E%3Cpath d='M0 153.5h75.245v81.265H0zM224.23 72.235H307v209.181h-82.77z'/%3E%3Cpath d='M66.216 185.103H307v60.196H66.216z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E")}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.love_button #hs,.love_button #hs.hs_active{width:72px}.love_button #hs_query,.love_button .hs_active #hs_query{width:180px}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.sp_num_votes{margin-top:2px}.section .bss_share_button.button.secondary{width:75%}.bss_share_container > div{background:none;max-width:none}.bss_share_title.section-heading,.bss_share_container .section_text{background-color:#FFF}}@media only screen and (max-width:320px){#gdpr_text{max-width:72%}#gdpr{padding:5px 0 6px;max-height:70px}.gdpr_button,button.gdpr_button{font-size:0.7em;max-width:45px}}@media only screen and (max-width:300px){#gdpr_text{font-size:0.8em;max-width:78%}.gdpr_button,button.gdpr_button{margin-left:3px;padding:4px 8px 5px}}@media only screen and (min-width:450px){#gdpr_text{max-width:80%}.gdpr_button,button.gdpr_button{margin-left:10px}}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){#gdpr{padding:13px 5px 14px}#gdpr_text{max-width:88%}.gdpr_button{margin-left:10px;padding:1px 6px}}@media only screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){#gdpr{padding-bottom:15px}}.loader{position:absolute;display:block;height:10px;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);transform-origin:50% 50%;white-space:nowrap}.loader-dot{animation:loader-dots 1s infinite}.loader-dot{position:relative;display:inline-block;height:10px;width:10px;margin:2px;border-radius:100%;background-color:rgba(137,172,108,1);will-change:transform}.loader-dot:nth-child(1){animation-delay:0s}.loader-dot:nth-child(2){animation-delay:.3s}.loader-dot:nth-child(3){animation-delay:.5s}@keyframes loader-dots{0%,100%{transform:scale(1);background-color:rgba(137,172,108,1)}50%{transform:scale(.7);background-color:rgba(137,172,108,0.9)}}.related-filter{background-color:#FFF;color:#668051;border:1px solid #668051;padding:5px 15px;border-radius:20px;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:5px}.related-filter:first-of-type{margin-left:0}.related-filter:hover{text-decoration:underline;cursor:pointer}.related-filter.active{background-color:#E6EEE0}@media print{#wikilove_button,#wikilove_button *{display:none !important}}</style> <script>window.activeAdTests = {"apsSignals":0,"userWithAdsTargeting":1,"quizGAM":2,"aditudeQuizEn":3,"prebidVideoAds":4,"quizRefreshTimeLimit":5,"aditudeOtherPageTypes":6,"aiSearch":7,"aditudeMiddleSearchResults":8,"rightrailRemoveAFS":9,"tipsSubmitterName":10,"googlefcCCPA":11,"rightrailDoubleAds":12,"aditude_idprofile":13,"aditudeDoubleRRQuiz":14,"aditude":15,"iab3":16,"amazonSignalsSiteKeywords":17};window.allAdTests = {"apsSignals":0,"userWithAdsTargeting":1,"introAffiliate":2,"quizAffiliate":3,"quizGAM":4,"webvitalsINP":5,"webvitalsINPControl":6,"webvitalsINPWithMW":7,"webvitalsINPQuiz":8,"aditudeQuizEn":9,"quizAditudeINTL":10,"prebidVideoAds":11,"aditudeNoAdsense":12,"quizRefreshTimeLimit":13,"aditudeOtherPageTypes":14,"smallAdSizeRequest":15,"aiSearch":16,"aditudeMiddleSearchResults":17,"rightrailRemoveAFS":18,"scrolltoPreSteps":19,"rightrailAdContainer":20,"quiz_one_step_followup_first":21,"quiz_one_step_followup_second":22,"tipsSubmitterName":23,"googlefcCCPA":24,"prebid8":25,"rightrailMoreINTL":26,"rightrailDoubleAds":27,"aditude_idprofile":28,"freestar":29,"aditudeDoubleRRQuiz":30,"aditude":31,"iab3":32,"amazonSignalsSiteKeywords":33};window.GAConfig = 'INP'</script> <script>WH.isINPTest = false;var $jscomp=$jscomp||{};$jscomp.scope={};$jscomp.ASSUME_ES5=!1;$jscomp.ASSUME_NO_NATIVE_MAP=!1;$jscomp.ASSUME_NO_NATIVE_SET=!1;$jscomp.defineProperty=$jscomp.ASSUME_ES5||"function"==typeof Object.defineProperties?Object.defineProperty:function(a,b,c){a!=Array.prototype&&a!=Object.prototype&&(a[b]=c.value)};$jscomp.getGlobal=function(a){return"undefined"!=typeof window&&window===a?a:"undefined"!=typeof global&&null!=global?global:a};$jscomp.global=$jscomp.getGlobal(this);$jscomp.SYMBOL_PREFIX="jscomp_symbol_";$jscomp.initSymbol=function(){$jscomp.initSymbol=function(){};$jscomp.global.Symbol||($jscomp.global.Symbol=$jscomp.Symbol)};$jscomp.Symbol=function(){var a=0;return function(b){return $jscomp.SYMBOL_PREFIX+(b||"")+a++}}();$jscomp.initSymbolIterator=function(){$jscomp.initSymbol();var a=$jscomp.global.Symbol.iterator;a||(a=$jscomp.global.Symbol.iterator=$jscomp.global.Symbol("iterator"));"function"!=typeof Array.prototype[a]&&$jscomp.defineProperty(Array.prototype,a,{configurable:! 0,writable:!0,value:function(){return $jscomp.arrayIterator(this)}});$jscomp.initSymbolIterator=function(){}};$jscomp.initSymbolAsyncIterator=function(){$jscomp.initSymbol();var a=$jscomp.global.Symbol.asyncIterator;a||(a=$jscomp.global.Symbol.asyncIterator=$jscomp.global.Symbol("asyncIterator"));$jscomp.initSymbolAsyncIterator=function(){}};$jscomp.arrayIterator=function(a){var b=0;return $jscomp.iteratorPrototype(function(){return b<a.length?{done:!1,value:a[b++]}:{done:!0}})};$jscomp.iteratorPrototype=function(a){$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();a={next:a};a[$jscomp.global.Symbol.iterator]=function(){return this};return a};$jscomp.makeIterator=function(a){$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();$jscomp.initSymbol();$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();var b=a[Symbol.iterator];return b?b.call(a):$jscomp.arrayIterator(a)};$jscomp.polyfill=function(a,b,c,f){if(b){c=$jscomp.global;a=a.split(".");for(f=0;f<a.length-1;f++){var d=a[f];d in c||(c[d]={});c=c[d]}a=a[a.length-1];f=c[a];b=b(f);b!=f&&null!=b&&$jscomp. defineProperty(c,a,{configurable:!0,writable:!0,value:b})}};$jscomp.FORCE_POLYFILL_PROMISE=!1;$jscomp.polyfill("Promise",function(a){function b(){this.batch_=null}function c(a){return a instanceof d?a:new d(function(b,h){b(a)})}if(a&&!$jscomp.FORCE_POLYFILL_PROMISE)return a;b.prototype.asyncExecute=function(a){null==this.batch_&&(this.batch_=[],this.asyncExecuteBatch_());this.batch_.push(a);return this};b.prototype.asyncExecuteBatch_=function(){var a=this;this.asyncExecuteFunction(function(){a.executeBatch_()})};var f=$jscomp.global.setTimeout;b.prototype.asyncExecuteFunction=function(a){f(a,0)};b.prototype.executeBatch_=function(){for(;this.batch_&&this.batch_.length;){var a=this.batch_;this.batch_=[];for(var b=0;b<a.length;++b){var c=a[b];a[b]=null;try{c()}catch(r){this.asyncThrow_(r)}}}this.batch_=null};b.prototype.asyncThrow_=function(a){this.asyncExecuteFunction(function(){throw a;})};var d=function(a){this.state_=0;this.result_=void 0;this.onSettledCallbacks_=[];var b=this. createResolveAndReject_();try{a(b.resolve,b.reject)}catch(u){b.reject(u)}};d.prototype.createResolveAndReject_=function(){function a(a){return function(h){c||(c=!0,a.call(b,h))}}var b=this,c=!1;return{resolve:a(this.resolveTo_),reject:a(this.reject_)}};d.prototype.resolveTo_=function(a){if(a===this)this.reject_(new TypeError("A Promise cannot resolve to itself"));else if(a instanceof d)this.settleSameAsPromise_(a);else{a:switch(typeof a){case"object":var b=null!=a;break a;case"function":b=!0;break a;default:b=!1}b?this.resolveToNonPromiseObj_(a):this.fulfill_(a)}};d.prototype.resolveToNonPromiseObj_=function(a){var b=void 0;try{b=a.then}catch(u){this.reject_(u);return}"function"==typeof b?this.settleSameAsThenable_(b,a):this.fulfill_(a)};d.prototype.reject_=function(a){this.settle_(2,a)};d.prototype.fulfill_=function(a){this.settle_(1,a)};d.prototype.settle_=function(a,b){if(0!=this.state_)throw Error("Cannot settle("+a+", "+b+"): Promise already settled in state"+this.state_);this. state_=a;this.result_=b;this.executeOnSettledCallbacks_()};d.prototype.executeOnSettledCallbacks_=function(){if(null!=this.onSettledCallbacks_){for(var a=0;a<this.onSettledCallbacks_.length;++a)k.asyncExecute(this.onSettledCallbacks_[a]);this.onSettledCallbacks_=null}};var k=new b;d.prototype.settleSameAsPromise_=function(a){var b=this.createResolveAndReject_();a.callWhenSettled_(b.resolve,b.reject)};d.prototype.settleSameAsThenable_=function(a,b){var c=this.createResolveAndReject_();try{a.call(b,c.resolve,c.reject)}catch(r){c.reject(r)}};d.prototype.then=function(a,b){function c(a,b){return"function"==typeof a?function(b){try{f(a(b))}catch(A){h(A)}}:b}var f,h,k=new d(function(a,b){f=a;h=b});this.callWhenSettled_(c(a,f),c(b,h));return k};d.prototype.catch=function(a){return this.then(void 0,a)};d.prototype.callWhenSettled_=function(a,b){function c(){switch(d.state_){case 1:a(d.result_);break;case 2:b(d.result_);break;default:throw Error("Unexpected state: "+d.state_);}}var d=this;null ==this.onSettledCallbacks_?k.asyncExecute(c):this.onSettledCallbacks_.push(c)};d.resolve=c;d.reject=function(a){return new d(function(b,c){c(a)})};d.race=function(a){return new d(function(b,d){for(var f=$jscomp.makeIterator(a),h=f.next();!h.done;h=f.next())c(h.value).callWhenSettled_(b,d)})};d.all=function(a){var b=$jscomp.makeIterator(a),f=b.next();return f.done?c([]):new d(function(a,d){function h(b){return function(c){k[b]=c;n--;0==n&&a(k)}}var k=[],n=0;do k.push(void 0),n++,c(f.value).callWhenSettled_(h(k.length-1),d),f=b.next();while(!f.done)})};return d},"es6","es3");$jscomp.underscoreProtoCanBeSet=function(){var a={a:!0},b={};try{return b.__proto__=a,b.a}catch(c){}return!1};$jscomp.setPrototypeOf="function"==typeof Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.setPrototypeOf:$jscomp.underscoreProtoCanBeSet()?function(a,b){a.__proto__=b;if(a.__proto__!==b)throw new TypeError(a+" is not extensible");return a}:null;$jscomp.generator={};$jscomp.generator.ensureIteratorResultIsObject_=function(a){if( !(a instanceof Object))throw new TypeError("Iterator result "+a+" is not an object");};$jscomp.generator.Context=function(){this.isRunning_=!1;this.yieldAllIterator_=null;this.yieldResult=void 0;this.nextAddress=1;this.finallyAddress_=this.catchAddress_=0;this.finallyContexts_=this.abruptCompletion_=null};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.start_=function(){if(this.isRunning_)throw new TypeError("Generator is already running");this.isRunning_=!0};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.stop_=function(){this.isRunning_=!1};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.jumpToErrorHandler_=function(){this.nextAddress=this.catchAddress_||this.finallyAddress_};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.next_=function(a){this.yieldResult=a};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.throw_=function(a){this.abruptCompletion_={exception:a,isException:!0};this.jumpToErrorHandler_()};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.return=function(a){this.abruptCompletion_={return:a};this.nextAddress=this.finallyAddress_};$jscomp. generator.Context.prototype.jumpThroughFinallyBlocks=function(a){this.abruptCompletion_={jumpTo:a};this.nextAddress=this.finallyAddress_};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.yield=function(a,b){this.nextAddress=b;return{value:a}};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.yieldAll=function(a,b){a=$jscomp.makeIterator(a);var c=a.next();$jscomp.generator.ensureIteratorResultIsObject_(c);if(c.done)this.yieldResult=c.value,this.nextAddress=b;else return this.yieldAllIterator_=a,this.yield(c.value,b)};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.jumpTo=function(a){this.nextAddress=a};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.jumpToEnd=function(){this.nextAddress=0};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.setCatchFinallyBlocks=function(a,b){this.catchAddress_=a;void 0!=b&&(this.finallyAddress_=b)};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.setFinallyBlock=function(a){this.catchAddress_=0;this.finallyAddress_=a||0};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.leaveTryBlock=function(a,b){this.nextAddress=a;this.catchAddress_=b||0}; $jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.enterCatchBlock=function(a){this.catchAddress_=a||0;a=this.abruptCompletion_.exception;this.abruptCompletion_=null;return a};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.enterFinallyBlock=function(a,b,c){c?this.finallyContexts_[c]=this.abruptCompletion_:this.finallyContexts_=[this.abruptCompletion_];this.catchAddress_=a||0;this.finallyAddress_=b||0};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.leaveFinallyBlock=function(a,b){b=this.finallyContexts_.splice(b||0)[0];if(b=this.abruptCompletion_=this.abruptCompletion_||b){if(b.isException)return this.jumpToErrorHandler_();void 0!=b.jumpTo&&this.finallyAddress_<b.jumpTo?(this.nextAddress=b.jumpTo,this.abruptCompletion_=null):this.nextAddress=this.finallyAddress_}else this.nextAddress=a};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.forIn=function(a){return new $jscomp.generator.Context.PropertyIterator(a)};$jscomp.generator.Context.PropertyIterator=function(a){this.object_=a;this.properties_=[];for(var b in a)this.properties_.push(b );this.properties_.reverse()};$jscomp.generator.Context.PropertyIterator.prototype.getNext=function(){for(;0<this.properties_.length;){var a=this.properties_.pop();if(a in this.object_)return a}return null};$jscomp.generator.Engine_=function(a){this.context_=new $jscomp.generator.Context;this.program_=a};$jscomp.generator.Engine_.prototype.next_=function(a){this.context_.start_();if(this.context_.yieldAllIterator_)return this.yieldAllStep_(this.context_.yieldAllIterator_.next,a,this.context_.next_);this.context_.next_(a);return this.nextStep_()};$jscomp.generator.Engine_.prototype.return_=function(a){this.context_.start_();var b=this.context_.yieldAllIterator_;if(b)return this.yieldAllStep_("return"in b?b["return"]:function(a){return{value:a,done:!0}},a,this.context_.return);this.context_.return(a);return this.nextStep_()};$jscomp.generator.Engine_.prototype.throw_=function(a){this.context_.start_();if(this.context_.yieldAllIterator_)return this.yieldAllStep_(this.context_. yieldAllIterator_["throw"],a,this.context_.next_);this.context_.throw_(a);return this.nextStep_()};$jscomp.generator.Engine_.prototype.yieldAllStep_=function(a,b,c){try{var f=a.call(this.context_.yieldAllIterator_,b);$jscomp.generator.ensureIteratorResultIsObject_(f);if(!f.done)return this.context_.stop_(),f;var d=f.value}catch(k){return this.context_.yieldAllIterator_=null,this.context_.throw_(k),this.nextStep_()}this.context_.yieldAllIterator_=null;c.call(this.context_,d);return this.nextStep_()};$jscomp.generator.Engine_.prototype.nextStep_=function(){for(;this.context_.nextAddress;)try{var a=this.program_(this.context_);if(a)return this.context_.stop_(),{value:a.value,done:!1}}catch(b){this.context_.yieldResult=void 0,this.context_.throw_(b)}this.context_.stop_();if(this.context_.abruptCompletion_){a=this.context_.abruptCompletion_;this.context_.abruptCompletion_=null;if(a.isException)throw a.exception;return{value:a.return,done:!0}}return{value:void 0,done:!0}};$jscomp.generator. Generator_=function(a){this.next=function(b){return a.next_(b)};this.throw=function(b){return a.throw_(b)};this.return=function(b){return a.return_(b)};$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();$jscomp.initSymbol();$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();this[Symbol.iterator]=function(){return this}};$jscomp.generator.createGenerator=function(a,b){b=new $jscomp.generator.Generator_(new $jscomp.generator.Engine_(b));$jscomp.setPrototypeOf&&$jscomp.setPrototypeOf(b,a.prototype);return b};$jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGenerator=function(a){function b(b){return a.next(b)}function c(b){return a.throw(b)}return new Promise(function(f,d){function k(a){a.done?f(a.value):Promise.resolve(a.value).then(b,c).then(k,d)}k(a.next())})};$jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGeneratorFunction=function(a){return $jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGenerator(a())};$jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGeneratorProgram=function(a){return $jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGenerator(new $jscomp.generator.Generator_(new $jscomp.generator.Engine_(a)))};$jscomp.polyfill( "Number.isFinite",function(a){return a?a:function(a){return"number"!==typeof a?!1:!isNaN(a)&&Infinity!==a&&-Infinity!==a}},"es6","es3");$jscomp.polyfill("Number.isInteger",function(a){return a?a:function(a){return Number.isFinite(a)?a===Math.floor(a):!1}},"es6","es3");$jscomp.polyfill("Array.from",function(a){return a?a:function(a,c,f){$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();c=null!=c?c:function(a){return a};var b=[],k=a[Symbol.iterator];if("function"==typeof k){a=k.call(a);for(var h=0;!(k=a.next()).done;)b.push(c.call(f,k.value,h++))}else for(k=a.length,h=0;h<k;h++)b.push(c.call(f,a[h],h));return b}},"es6","es3");$jscomp.checkStringArgs=function(a,b,c){if(null==a)throw new TypeError("The 'this' value for String.prototype."+c+" must not be null or undefined");if(b instanceof RegExp)throw new TypeError("First argument to String.prototype."+c+" must not be a regular expression");return a+""};$jscomp.polyfill("String.prototype.repeat",function(a){return a?a:function(a){var b=$jscomp.checkStringArgs( this,null,"repeat");if(0>a||1342177279<a)throw new RangeError("Invalid count value");a|=0;for(var f="";a;)if(a&1&&(f+=b),a>>>=1)b+=b;return f}},"es6","es3");$jscomp.stringPadding=function(a,b){a=void 0!==a?String(a):" ";return 0<b&&a?a.repeat(Math.ceil(b/a.length)).substring(0,b):""};$jscomp.polyfill("String.prototype.padStart",function(a){return a?a:function(a,c){var b=$jscomp.checkStringArgs(this,null,"padStart");return $jscomp.stringPadding(c,a-b.length)+b}},"es8","es3");WH.mediumScreenMinWidth=728;WH.largeScreenMinWidth=975;addEventListener("pointerdown",function(a){console.debug("pointer down target",a.target)});addEventListener("pointerup",function(a){console.debug("pointer up target",a.target)});WH.shared=function(){function a(a){null==C&&(C=new IntersectionObserver(function(a,e){a.forEach(function(a){a.isIntersecting&&(m[a.target.id].load(),C.unobserve(a.target))})},{rootMargin:"0px 0px 100% 0px"}));C.observe(a)}function b(a){null==D&&(D=new IntersectionObserver(function(a,e){a .forEach(function(a){if(a.isIntersecting){var e=a.target;if(1!=e.complete){var b=document.createElement("div");b.className="loader";for(var l=0;3>l;l++){var g=document.createElement("div");g.className="loader-dot";b.appendChild(g)}l=document.createElement("div");l.className="loading-container";l.appendChild(b);e.parentElement.insertAdjacentElement("afterbegin",l)}D.unobserve(a.target)}})},{rootMargin:"0px 0px 0px 0px"}));D.observe(a)}function c(a){G.push(a)}function f(a,b){var e=null,l=0,c=function(){l=0;e=null;a.apply()};return function(){var g=T(),q=b-(g-l);0>=q||q>b?(e&&(clearTimeout(e),e=null),l=g,a.apply()):e||(e=setTimeout(c,q))}}function d(){var a=!1,b=window.innerHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight,q;for(q in m){var g=m[q];if(!g.isLoaded){a=g;console.log("deprecated: getBoundingRect should be moved to its own js file");var c=a.element.getBoundingClientRect(),d={top:c.top,bottom:c.bottom};0==a.lastTop-c.top&&window.scrollY!=a.lastY&&(d.top-=window.scrollY,d.bottom-= window.scrollY);a.lastTop=c.top;a.lastY=window.scrollY;a=d;c=b;d=52;var f=2*c;d-=f;c+=f;(0==a.top&&0==a.bottom?0:a.top>=d&&a.top<=c||a.bottom>=d&&a.bottom<=c||a.top<=d&&a.bottom>=c)&&g.load();a=!0}}!a&&m.length&&(window.removeEventListener("scroll",w),w=null)}function k(a){if(a&&a.element){var b=!0;a.element.className||(b=!1);-1==a.element.className.indexOf("content-fill")&&(b=!1);n("webvitalsINP")&&(b=!1);b&&document.addEventListener&&a.finishedLoadingEvent?(a.loaderRemoved=!1,a.element.addEventListener(a.finishedLoadingEvent,function(){a.loadedCallback&&a.loadedCallback();if(0==a.loaderRemoved){a.loaderRemoved=!0;"undefined"!==typeof a.element.classList&&a.element.classList.remove("img-loading-hide");var b=this.parentElement;if(b){b=b.getElementsByClassName("loading-container");for(var e=0;e<b.length;e++)b[e].remove()}}a.alt&&(a.element.alt=a.alt,"undefined"!==typeof a.element.classList&&a.element.classList.remove("img-loading-alt"))}),a.errorEvent&&a.element.addEventListener(a. errorEvent,function(){a.alt&&(a.element.alt=a.alt)})):(a.alt&&(a.element.alt=a.alt),"undefined"!==typeof a.element.classList&&a.element.classList.remove("img-loading-hide"))}}function h(a){if(a&&a.element){var b=!0;a.element.className||(b=!1);-1==a.element.className.indexOf("content-fill")&&(b=!1);if(b&&document.addEventListener&&a.finishedLoadingEvent){a.loaderRemoved=!1;b=document.createElement("div");b.className="loader";for(var e=0;3>e;e++){var c=document.createElement("div");c.className="loader-dot";b.appendChild(c)}var d=document.createElement("div");d.className="loading-container";d.appendChild(b);a.element.parentElement.insertAdjacentElement("afterbegin",d);a.element.addEventListener(a.finishedLoadingEvent,function(){a.loadedCallback&&a.loadedCallback();0==a.loaderRemoved&&(this.parentElement.removeChild(d),a.loaderRemoved=!0,"undefined"!==typeof a.element.classList&&a.element.classList.remove("img-loading-hide"));a.alt&&(a.element.alt=a.alt,"undefined"!==typeof a.element. classList&&a.element.classList.remove("img-loading-alt"))});a.errorEvent&&a.element.addEventListener(a.errorEvent,function(){a.alt&&(a.element.alt=a.alt)})}else a.alt&&(a.element.alt=a.alt),"undefined"!==typeof a.element.classList&&a.element.classList.remove("img-loading-hide")}}function F(a){if(!a)return"";if(!p)return a;var b=a.split(".").pop();"jpg"!==b&&"png"!==b||!a.match(/images(_[a-z]{2})?\/thumb\//)||a.match(/(\.[a-zA-Z]+){2}$/)||(a+=".webp");return a}function u(a){this.isLoaded=!1;x=this.element=a;window.addEventListener("pageshow",function(a){a.persisted&&(a=document.getElementById("replacement"))&&x&&a.replaceWith(x)});window.addEventListener("pagehide",function(a){a.persisted&&x&&(x.outerHTML='<div id="replacement"></div>')});t||(this.lastY=window.scrollY,this.lastTop=a.getBoundingClientRect().top);this.src=a.getAttribute("data-src");this.load=function(){this.element.setAttribute("src",this.src);this.isLoaded=!0;this.finishedLoadingEvent="loadeddata";h(this)}}function r(a){ this.isLoaded=!1;this.element=a;t||E||(this.lastTop=a.getBoundingClientRect().top,this.lastY=window.scrollY);this.alt=a.alt;a.alt="";this.finishedLoadingEvent="load";this.errorEvent="error";if(y){var e=a.getAttribute("data-srclarge");null!=e&&(this.src=e)}this.src||(this.src=a.getAttribute("data-src"));1!=a.getAttribute("data-nowebp")&&(this.src=F(this.src));a&&void 0!==a.classList&&a.classList.add("img-loading-hide");this.load=function(){this.element.setAttribute("src",this.src);this.isLoaded=!0;"IMG"==this.element.tagName&&this.element.classList.contains("content-fill")?(k(this),b(this.element)):h(this)}}function R(a){this.isLoaded=!1;this.element=a;t||(this.lastTop=a.getBoundingClientRect().top,this.lastY=window.scrollY);this.finishedLoadingEvent="loadeddata";this.isPlaying=!1;this.src="https://www.wikihow.com/video"+this.element.getAttribute("data-src");this.poster=this.element.getAttribute("data-poster");(this.poster=F(this.poster))&&"jpg"==this.poster.split(".").pop()&&p&&(this. poster+=".webp");this.noAutoplay=this.element.getAttribute("data-noautoplay");this.play=function(){this.element.play();this.isPlaying=!0};this.pause=function(){this.element.pause();this.isPlaying=!1};this.load=function(){this.element.setAttribute("poster",this.poster);!L||this.noAutoplay||!y&&!0!==window.wgIsMainPage?this.finishedLoadingEvent=null:(this.element.setAttribute("src",this.src),this.play());this.isLoaded=!0;this.noAutoplay||h(this)}}function B(b){var e=document.getElementById(b);if(e)if(p||M){b=!1;var c=null,g=e.nodeName.toLowerCase();if("img"===g)c=new r(e),E?(g=c,g.element.classList.remove("img-loading-hide"),g.element.classList.add("img-loading-alt"),n("webvitalsINP")&&g.element.dataset.firstimage||g.element.setAttribute("loading","lazy"),g.load()):t?a(c.element):b=!0;else if("video"===g)c=new R(e),t?a(c.element):b=!0;else if("iframe"===g)c=new u(e),t?a(c.element):b=!0;else if("picture"===g)if(g=e.getElementsByTagName("img")[0],E){z?(g.width=g.dataset.width,g.height=g. dataset.height):(g.width=g.dataset.widthlarge,g.height=g.dataset.heightlarge);g.src=g.dataset.src;g=e.getElementsByTagName("source");for(var v=0;v<g.length;v++){var h=g[v];h.srcset=h.dataset.srcset}}else c=document.createElement("div"),c.className="content-spacer",e.appendChild(c),g.id="picture_"+U++,g.classList.add("content-fill"),c.appendChild(g),c=new r(g),useObserver?a(c.element):b=!0,e=g;else return;c&&(m[c.element.id]=c);g=e.getAttribute("data-width")||e.getAttribute("width");v=e.getAttribute("data-height")||e.getAttribute("height");0<g&&!e.parentElement.classList.contains("sd_link")&&(e.parentElement.style.paddingTop=v/g*100+"%");N?c.load():b&&(d(),w=f(d,500),window.addEventListener("scroll",w))}else O.push(b)}function K(){P=!0;window.removeEventListener("scroll",K)}function n(a){return window.allAdTests?window.activeAdTests?a in window.allAdTests?a in window.activeAdTests?!0:!1:(console.log("all",window.allAdTests),console.error( "WH.shared trying to check for a test that does not exist:",a),!1):(console.warn("activeAdTests not defined"),!1):(console.warn("allAdTests not defined"),!1)}function S(){var a=("; "+document.cookie).split("; vr="),b=null;2==a.length&&(b=a.pop().split(";").shift());return"US-CA"==b?!0:!1}function A(){var a=("; "+document.cookie).split("; vr="),b=null;2==a.length&&(b=a.pop().split(";").shift());return 5===b.length&&"US-"==b.substring(0,3)?b.slice(-2):""}function V(){var a=document.cookie.indexOf("ccpa_out=");console.log("ccpa_out cookie",a);window.googlefc=window.googlefc||{};window.googlefc.ccpa=window.googlefc.ccpa||{};window.googlefc.callbackQueue=window.googlefc.callbackQueue||[];var b=function(a){console.log("googlefc ccpaCompletionCallback");a&&(c=!0,console.log("user opted out"),a=new Date,a.setTime(a.getTime()+31536E6),a="; expires="+a.toGMTString(),document.cookie="ccpa_out=1"+a+"; path=/",(a=document.getElementById("footer_ccpa"))&&a.classList.add("hidden"),window. afterOptOutTarget&&window.afterOptOutTarget.scrollIntoView())},c=!1;console.log("googlefc queue __uspapi call");window.googlefc.callbackQueue.push({INITIAL_CCPA_DATA_READY:function(){console.log("googlefc INITIAL_CCPA_DATA_READY");var a=!1;switch(googlefc.ccpa.getInitialCcpaStatus()){case googlefc.ccpa.InitialCcpaStatusEnum.CCPA_DOES_NOT_APPLY:a=!0;console.log("googlefc ccpa does not apply");for(var e=document.getElementsByClassName("fc-dns-dialog"),d=0;d<e.length;d++)e[d].remove();break;case googlefc.ccpa.InitialCcpaStatusEnum.NOT_OPTED_OUT:console.log("googlefc ccpa not opted out.. removing cookie");document.cookie="ccpa_out=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTC; path=/;";document.getElementById("footer").classList.add("ccpa");e=document.getElementById("footer_ccpa");S()?(e.style.display="block",e.addEventListener("click",function(a){googlefc.ccpa.openConfirmationDialog(b);a=A();console.log("footer ccpa link clicked with state",a);WH.event("ccpa_opt_out_footer_link_click",{type: "fc",state:a});event.preventDefault()})):console.log("googlefc user not opted out but not in loaction to add footer link");window.openOptOutOnLoad&&(console.log("openOptOutOnLoad will open dialogue"),setTimeout(function(){window.googlefc.ccpa.openConfirmationDialog(b)},300));break;case googlefc.ccpa.InitialCcpaStatusEnum.OPTED_OUT:c=!0,e=new Date,e.setTime(e.getTime()+31536E6),e="; expires="+e.toGMTString(),document.cookie="ccpa_out=1"+e+"; path=/",console.log("googlefc user is ccpa opted out")}(e=document.querySelectorAll(".body_ccpa_link"))&&e.forEach(function(e){e.addEventListener("click",function(e){e.preventDefault();var d=A();console.log("body_ccpa_link clicked with state",d);WH.event("ccpa_opt_out_body_link_click",{state:d});1==c?alert("You have already opted out."):a?(console.log("notApplicable typeof mw",typeof mw),"undefined"!=typeof mw?(console.log("mw loader using"),mw.loader.using(["ext.wikihow.ccpa_modal"],function(){WH.CCPA.popNotApplicableModal()})):alert( "You are not in a location to which this applies.")):(window.afterOptOutTarget=e.target,window.googlefc.ccpa.openConfirmationDialog(b))})})}})}function W(a){var b,e,c,d,f;return $jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGeneratorProgram(function(l){if(1==l.nextAddress)return b=new TextEncoder,e=b.encode(a),l.yield(crypto.subtle.digest("SHA-256",e),2);c=l.yieldResult;d=Array.from(new Uint8Array(c));f=d.map(function(a){return a.toString(16).padStart(2,"0")}).join("");return l.return(f)})}var G=[],m={},O=[],w,N=!1,P=!1,T=Date.now||function(){return(new Date).getTime()},p=!1,M=!1,H=document.documentElement.clientWidth||window.innerWidth,z=H<WH.mediumScreenMinWidth,I=!z&&H<WH.largeScreenMinWidth,Q=!z&&!I,y=Q,U=1,E="loading"in HTMLImageElement.prototype,t="IntersectionObserver"in window,C=null,D=null,J="";(function(a){var b=new Image;b.onload=function(){a(0<b.width&&0<b.height)};b.onerror=function(){a(!1)};b.src="data:image/webp;base64,UklGRiIAAABXRUJQVlA4IBYAAAAwAQCdASoBAAEADsD+JaQAA3AAAAAA"})(function(a) {p=a;M=!0;O.forEach(function(a){B(a)});0==p&&document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){document.body.className+=" nowebp"})});window.onresize=function(){G.forEach&&G.forEach(function(a){a()})};c(d);var x=null;document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){for(var a=document.querySelectorAll(".mwimg:not(.floatright, .tcenter) a.image:not(.mwimg-caption-image) img"),c=0;c<a.length;c++){var d=a[c];b(d);d.addEventListener("load",function(){var a=this.parentElement;if(a){a=a.getElementsByClassName("loading-container");for(var b=0;b<a.length;b++)a[b].remove()}})}});var L=function(){var a=window.document.createElement("video");a.setAttribute("muted","");a.setAttribute("playsinline","");a.setAttribute("webkit-playsinline","");a.muted=!0;a.playsinline=!0;a.webkitPlaysinline=!0;a.setAttribute("height","0");a.setAttribute("width","0");a.style.position="fixed";a.style.top=0;a.style.width=0;a.style.height=0;a.style.opacity=0;try{var b=a.play();b&&b.catch&&b.then(function(){}) .catch(function(){})}catch(q){}return!a.paused}();window.addEventListener?(window.addEventListener("scroll",w),window.addEventListener("scroll",K)):N=!0;window.googlefc=window.googlefc||{};window.googlefc.ccpa=window.googlefc.ccpa||{};window.googlefc.ccpa.overrideDnsLink=!0;n("googlefcCCPA")&&V();return{isDesktopSize:y,isSmallSize:z,isMedSize:I,isLargeSize:Q,viewportWidth:H,getScreenSize:function(){return z?"small":I?"medium":"large"},throttle:f,TOP_MENU_HEIGHT:52,autoPlayVideo:L,webpSupport:p,addScrollLoadItem:function(a){B(a)},addLazyImage:function(a){if(n("webvitalsINP"))addLazyImageINP(a);else{var b=document.getElementById(a),c=1==b.getAttribute("data-desktopok"),e=1==b.getAttribute("data-nowebp");!c&&y||!p||!E||e?(c=b.getAttribute("data-src-nowebp"),c||(c=b.getAttribute("data-src"),5<c.length&&".webp"==c.substr(c.length-5)&&(c=c.substr(0,c.length-5))),b.setAttribute("data-src",c),b.setAttribute("class","content-fill"),B(a)):(c=b.getAttribute("data-srclarge"),y&&c||(c=b. getAttribute("data-src")),b.setAttribute("src",c))}},addScrollLoadItemByElement:function(a){var b=a.id;b||(b="id-"+Math.random().toString(36).substr(2,16));a.id=b;B(b)},videoRoot:"https://www.wikihow.com/video",setupLoader:h,addResizeFunction:c,loadAllImages:function(){for(var a in m){var b=m[a];b.isLoaded||b.load()}},loadAllEmbed:function(){for(var a in m){var b=m[a];b.isLoaded||"iframe"==b.element.nodeName.toLowerCase()&&b.load()}},addLoadedCallback:function(a,b){m[a].loadedCallback=b},showVideoPlay:function(a){a=a.element.parentElement.getElementsByClassName("m-video-intro-over");"undefined"!==typeof a&&(a=a[0]);a&&(a.style.visibility="visible")},getCompressedImageSrc:F,isBucket:function(a){if(!a)return!1;var b=a;if(!(a instanceof Array))if(Number.isInteger(a))b=[a];else return!1;return 0<=b.indexOf(parseInt(WH.bucket))?!0:!1},isTest:n,yieldToMain:function(){return"scheduler"in window&&"yield"in scheduler?scheduler.yield():new Promise(function(a){setTimeout(a,0)})},getHasScrolled: function(){return P},saveHashedEmail:function(a){a&&W(a).then(function(a){var b=new Date;b.setTime(b.getTime()+31536E6);b="; expires="+b.toGMTString();document.cookie="hashEmail="+a+b+"; path=/"})},hasWebpSupport:function(){return p},getBrowser:function(){""==J&&(J=navigator.userAgent.match(/Edg/i)?"edge":navigator.userAgent.match(/Chrome/i)?"chrome":navigator.userAgent.match(/Safari/i)?"safari":"unknown");return J}}}();</script> <script>WH.gdpr=(function(){var acceptCookieName='gdpr_accept';function hasAcceptCookie(){var hasCookie=document.cookie.indexOf('gdpr_accept=');if(hasCookie>=0){return true;}return false;}function hasCookiePolicyPageOptOut(){var hasCookie=document.cookie.indexOf('gdpr_cpp_opt_out=1');if(hasCookie>=0){return true;}return false;}function hasEUQueryParam(){var url=window.location.href;if(url.indexOf('?EUtest=1')!=-1){return true;}else if(url.indexOf('&EUtest=1')!=-1){return true;}return false;}function hasEUQueryParamOff(){var url=window.location.href;if(url.indexOf('?EUtest=0')!=-1){return true;}else if(url.indexOf('&EUtest=0')!=-1){return true;}return false;}function isEULocation(){var value="; "+document.cookie;var parts=value.split("; vi=");var res=null;if(parts.length==2){res=parts.pop().split(";").shift();}if(hasEUQueryParam()){res="EU";}if(hasEUQueryParamOff()){res=null;}if(res=="EU"){return true;}return false;}function popupClosed(){createCookie("gdpr_accept",1,365);createCookie( "gdpr_decline","",-1);gdpr.style.display="none";}function createCookie(name,value,days){var expires="; expires="+new Date(2147483647*1000).toUTCString();if(days){var date=new Date();date.setTime(date.getTime()+(days*24*60*60*1000));expires="; expires="+date.toGMTString();}document.cookie=name+"="+value+expires+"; path=/";}function declinePage(){var decline=document.getElementById('gdpr_decline');if(decline){decline.style.display="block";decline.addEventListener("click",function(){var cookies=document.cookie.split(";");for(var i=0;i<cookies.length;i++){createCookie(cookies[i].split("=")[0],"",-1);}createCookie("gdpr_decline",1,1);var declineConfirm=document.getElementById('gdpr_decline_confirm');if(declineConfirm){declineConfirm.style.display='block';}});}var declineOk=document.getElementById('gdpr_decline_confirm_dismiss');if(declineOk){declineOk.addEventListener("click",function(){var declineConfirm=document.getElementById('gdpr_decline_confirm');if(declineConfirm){declineConfirm. style.display='none';}});}}function cookiePage(){var cookie_policy=document.getElementById('eu_cookie_policy');if(!cookie_policy){return;}var eu_cp_save=document.getElementById('eu_cp_save');var checkbox=document.getElementById('eu_cookie_message_check');checkbox.addEventListener("click",function(){if(hasCookiePolicyPageOptOut()){if(this.checked==true){eu_cp_save.className='';}else{eu_cp_save.className='active';}}else{if(this.checked==true){eu_cp_save.className='active';}else{eu_cp_save.className='';}}});if(hasCookiePolicyPageOptOut()){checkbox.checked=!0;}else{checkbox.checked=!1;}cookie_policy.style.display="block";eu_cp_save.addEventListener("click",function(){var checkbox=document.getElementById('eu_cookie_message_check');if(checkbox.checked==true){createCookie('gdpr_cpp_opt_out',1,1);WH.event('gdpr_cookie_page_opt_out',{});}else{createCookie('gdpr_cpp_opt_out',0,1);WH.event('gdpr_cookie_page_opt_in',{});}eu_cp_save.className='';});WH.eventView('gdpr_cookie_page_opt_out');WH. eventView('gdpr_cookie_page_opt_in');}function pageLoaded(){if(!isEULocation()){return;}if(hasEUQueryParam()){var viValue='EU';createCookie('vi',viValue,1);}declinePage();document.body.className+=' '+'geo-group-eu';var sidebarShare=document.getElementById('sidebar_share');if(sidebarShare){sidebarShare.remove();}cookiePage();}function initialize(){var isEU=isEULocation();var gdpr=document.getElementById('gdpr');if(gdpr&&isEU&&!hasAcceptCookie()){gdpr.style.display="block";}else if(gdpr){gdpr.parentNode.removeChild(gdpr);}var accept=document.getElementById('gdpr_accept');if(accept){WH.largeEventView('gdpr_banner_ok_click',{},'#gdpr_accept','click');WH.eventView('gdpr_banner_policy_click',{},'#gdpr_cp_link','click');WH.eventView('gdpr_banner_settings_click',{},'#gdpr_text_inner a','click');accept.addEventListener("click",function(){popupClosed()},true);}var close=document.getElementById('gdpr_close');if(close){close.addEventListener("click",function(){popupClosed()},true);}return;}return{ 'initialize':initialize,'pageLoaded':pageLoaded,'hasAcceptCookie':hasAcceptCookie,'hasCookiePolicyPageOptOut':hasCookiePolicyPageOptOut,'isEULocation':isEULocation};})();document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',function(){WH.gdpr.pageLoaded();},false);</script> <style>#footerad_wrap{position:sticky;bottom:0;background-color:#FFF;text-align:center;width:320px;width:100%;height:100px;z-index:3}#footerad_close{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;padding-top:6px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;cursor:pointer;font-size:16px}#footerad_close:hover{font-weight:bold}#title_subtitle{padding:0 15px;color:#777777;font-style:italic}#comscore_px{display:block}#aboutthisarticle #summary_wrapper.overlay{width:100%;height:100%;position:fixed;overflow-y:scroll;top:0;left:0;z-index:100;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.2)}#aboutthisarticle #summary_wrapper.overlay .collapse_link{display:block;top:10%;position:relative;width:80%;background-color:#93b874;color:#fff;padding:12px 18px;font-size:20px;font-weight:bold}#aboutthisarticle #summary_wrapper.overlay .collapse_link.open{margin-bottom:0}#aboutthisarticle #summary_wrapper.overlay .collapse_link:after{border:none}#aboutthisarticle .overlay #summary_text{position:relative;width:80%;top:10%;border:1px solid #93b874;background-color:#fff;padding:15px 20px 15px 15px;line-height:22px;display:block}#aboutthisarticle .overlay #summary_text h2{background-color:#93b874;color:#fff;margin:-15px -20px 10px -15px;padding:15px}#aboutthisarticle .text_summary_wrapper{overflow-y:auto}#aboutthisarticle .overlay #summary_close{position:absolute;top:11px;right:10px;width:30px;height:30px;color:#fff;border:1px solid #fff;border-radius:15px;text-align:center;line-height:30px;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;font-size:16px;display:block;background:#93b874}#aboutthisarticle .page_stats{display:block;text-align:center;border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;font-weight:bold}#aboutthisarticle #other_languages .collapse_link{background:none}#aboutthisarticle #other_languages .collapse_link::after{content:':'}#aboutthisarticle #language_links{display:block;margin-top:.5em;-webkit-columns:2;-moz-columns:2;columns:2}#icon-coupons{position:relative}.icon-coupons-extra{display:none}.show_coupons .icon-coupons-extra{display:list-item}.show_coupons #icon-coupons:after{right:16px;top:19px;transform:rotate(45deg)}#icon-coupons:after{right:16px;top:19px;border-top:2px solid #FFF;border-left:2px solid #FFF;content:" ";height:8px;width:8px;position:absolute;transform:rotate(-135deg)}.button.video_transcript_button{float:right;margin-top:10px;color:white;font-weight:bold;font-size:15px;display:inline-block;padding:7px 14px;margin-right:10px;border:0px;height:35px;box-sizing:border-box}.button.video_transcript_button:hover{border:0}.button.transcript_button{display:block;padding:12px 5px;border:1px solid #93b874;border-radius:7px;color:#93b874;text-align:center;font-size:16px;font-weight:bold;margin:10px 0 0 0;cursor:pointer;background-color:#FFF;width:128px;line-height:6px}.button.transcript_button:hover{background-color:#FFF}.button.tech_newsletter_button{width:150px;font-size:0.9em;font-weight:bold;padding:.3em 1.5em;border-radius:20px;color:#222222;background:#F7AE38;border:none;margin-left:270px;margin-top:20px;height:fit-content}.button.tech_newsletter_button:hover,.button.tech_newsletter_button:active{background:#E89D22;border:none}#meme_game_article_banner_large{display:none;cursor:pointer}#meme_game_article_banner_small{display:block;padding-top:15px;cursor:pointer}.switch.large{display:none} .switch{position:relative;width:40px;height:20px;top:-5px;float:right;margin-right:0px}.switch .toggle_text{margin-left:-60px;font-size:12.4px;font-weight:bold} .switch input{opacity:0;width:0;height:0} .toggle_slider{position:absolute;cursor:pointer;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;background-color:#ccc;-webkit-transition:.4s;transition:.4s}.toggle_slider::before{position:absolute;content:"";height:20px;width:20px;left:1px;bottom:4px;background-color:white;-webkit-transition:.4s;transition:.4s;top:0px}input:checked + .toggle_slider{background-color:#93B874}input:focus + .toggle_slider{box-shadow:0 0 1px #93B874}input:checked + .toggle_slider::before{-webkit-transform:translateX(18px);-ms-transform:translateX(18px);transform:translateX(18px)} .toggle_slider.round{border-radius:34px}.toggle_slider.round::before{border-radius:50%}div.articleShareIcons{display:none}div.articleShareIcons a{padding:2px}#pinterestShareRound{text-decoration:none}#pinterestShareRound > img{cursor:pointer}#rewardedweb{display:none}.w_label:before{display:none}#outstreamVid{padding-top:5px}#intro .wh_ad_intl.gam{height:calc(33.33333333vw);max-height:140px;width:calc(100vw - 32px);max-width:728px}#intro .wh_ad_inner{line-height:0}#gamOutstreamVid_ad_1{text-align:center}.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall{margin:0 auto;text-align:center;margin-top:20px;width:300px;height:250px;overflow:hidden}.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall.fluid{width:100%;height:auto;overflow:visible;padding-bottom:5px}.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall.gam_osv{width:100%;height:auto;overflow:visible;padding-bottom:5px}.section:not(#intro) .wh_ad_inner.as-small{overflow:hidden;margin-left:-15px}.section:not(#intro) .wh_ad_inner.as-small-s5{margin-left:-10px}.section:not(#intro) .wh_ad_inner.fwas{margin:0 auto;text-align:center}.fwas .al_method{padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:5px}.fwas-wrap{width:100vw;max-height:85vw;margin-left:-5px}#pagebottom .wh_ad_inner.as-small{margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden}.section:not(#intro) #relatedwikihows .wh_ad_inner.as-small{margin-left:-5px}.section:not(#intro) #tips .wh_ad_inner.as-small{margin-left:-10px}.section:not(#intro) #qa .wh_ad_inner.as-small{margin-left:-10px}.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall.dfpsmallmethod{margin-left:-15px}.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall.dfpsmallmethod.containerless_ad{margin-left:-10px}.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall.dfpsmallextra{margin-left:-10px;margin-bottom:10px}.dfpsmall.dfpsmallbottom{margin:0 auto;text-align:center;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:12px;width:300px;height:250px;overflow:hidden}.dfpsmall.dfpsmallbottom.fluid{width:auto;height:auto}.dfpsmall .al_method{padding-top:5px}@media only screen and (min-width:321px){.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall.dfpsmallmethod{margin-left:-10px}.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall.dfpsmallextra{margin-left:-5px;margin-bottom:10px}}@media only screen and (min-width:331px){.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall.dfpsmallmethod{margin:0 auto;margin-top:20px}.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall.dfpsmallmethod.containerless_ad{margin:0 auto;margin-top:20px}.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall.dfpsmallextra{margin:0 auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:10px}}.hide_step_numbers .step_num{display:none}.steps .wh_ad_inner{margin-top:20px}#intro_ad_1.full-width{margin-left:-15px}#intro_ad_1.all_gam_affiliate{text-align:center}#middlerelated_ad_1.all_gam_affiliate{text-align:center;padding-bottom:5px}#tips > .wh_ad_inner > div > ins{margin-top:22px}.oo-ui-buttonElement-button:hover{text-decoration:none}.ur_author{margin-top:5px;color:#c3c3c3;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;display:inline-block;height:36px;vertical-align:bottom}.ur_rating{margin-top:5px}#sample_loading{display:none}.sd_thumb{text-align:center;width:200px;margin:6px}.sd_content .sd_thumb img{border:1px solid #BBB;width:100%;height:auto}#sd_container{padding:15px;background-color:#FFF;-moz-border-radius:4px;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-justify-content:space-around;-ms-flex-pack:distribute;justify-content:space-around;-webkit-align-items:stretch;-ms-flex-align:stretch;align-items:stretch}#sd_container.sd_polish{justify-content:space-between}#sd_container.sd_polish,#sd_container.sd_single{padding:15px 30px}#sd_container.sd_polish .sd_thumb,#sd_container.sd_single .sd_thumb{width:130px}#sd_container.sd_polish .whcdn,#sd_container.sd_single .whcdn{box-shadow:-10px 10px #d9ead3;margin-bottom:10px}#sd_container.sd_relationship .whcdn{box-shadow:-10px 10px #e9d2de}#sd_container.sd_tech .whcdn{box-shadow:-10px 10px #d3dee9}.noscroll{overflow:hidden}.oo-ui-processDialog-content .oo-ui-window-head{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/MobileFrontendWikihow/images/dialog-header.svg);background-size:cover}#footer_newsletter{display:block;grid-column:3 / 3;grid-row:2 / span 4;min-height:166px}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_icon{display:inline-block;width:25px;height:25px; background:url(/skins/owl/images/newsletter_footer.svg) no-repeat;position:relative;top:2px}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_title{display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;font-size:18px;color:#444f45}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_confirm_text{display:none;margin:5px 0 10px 0;font-weight:bold;font-size:14px}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_text{margin:5px 0 10px 0;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_email{box-sizing:border-box;background:white;margin-bottom:10px;padding:5px 10px;border-radius:5px;border:1px solid #ffffff;font-size:16px;width:180px}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_email.error{border:1px red solid}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_notice{margin:4px auto;font-size:12px;width:180px;line-height:13px}#footer_newsletter a#footer_subscribe_button{display:block;background:#FABC3B;font-weight:bold;color:#000;margin:0 auto;padding:2px .7em;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:5px;width:182px;border:none}.related-wh{display:block;margin-bottom:2%;overflow:hidden}#relatedwikihows .quiz_button{font-weight:bold;font-size:.9em;padding:.25em .5em;background:#FABC3B;border:none;color:#343434;border-radius:3px;float:right}#side_related_articles .quiz_button{display:none}.related-wh-title{background-color:rgba(50,50,50,0.5);padding:2% 4%;width:92%;min-height:32px;position:absolute;bottom:0;cursor:pointer;color:#fff;font-weight:bold}.related-wh-howto{font-size:12px}.medium_a{display:none} #watchtheserelatedvideos{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;grid-gap:10px}#watchtheserelatedvideos a{display:block;position:relative;color:#444f45;border:1px solid #dfdfdf;border-radius:7px;text-decoration:none}#watchtheserelatedvideos .play_button{position:absolute;width:64px;left:50%;top:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);z-index:1}#watchtheserelatedvideos img{display:block}#watchtheserelatedvideos img:not(.play_button){border-top-left-radius:7px;border-top-right-radius:7px}#watchtheserelatedvideos .related-expert-title{left:0;z-index:2;padding:5px;font-size:16px;font-weight:bold}#watchtheserelatedvideos .related-expert-title .related-wh-howto{font-weight:normal}#jpt_header{padding:16px;font-weight:bold}.jpt_container{border-bottom:1px solid #ecebe8;padding:5px 16px;background-color:#fff;display:block;width:268px;height:61px}.jpt_container:last-child{border-bottom:none}.jpt_container:hover{text-decoration:none}.jpt_container img{vertical-align:middle;margin:5px 10px 5px 13px;width:50px;height:50px}.jpt_count{font-size:22px;color:#ecebe8;font-weight:bold;vertical-align:middle}.jpt_container:hover .jpt_count{color:#93b874}.jpt_title{font-size:14px;display:inline-block;width:182px;color:#686868;vertical-align:middle}@media only screen and (min-width:728px){.before_steps_section .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-16px}#footerad_wrap{width:728px;width:100%;height:90px;z-index:3}#title_subtitle{padding:0 26px}.section.morequizzes .wh_ad_inner{min-height:90px;padding-top:15px}.quizpage-after-content-ad{min-height:90px;padding-top:15px}#amazonshopping_ad_1{max-height:120px}.quiz-page-top-ad{min-height:90px}.during .quiz-page-top-ad{padding-bottom:5px}.ccpa_footer_extra{display:inline}.embedvideocontainer.ytshort{max-width:405px !important;padding-bottom:100%}.section.video.youtube_short_articles{margin-top:0}#meme_game_article_banner_large{display:block;padding-top:25px}#meme_game_article_banner_small{display:none}.switch.small{display:none}.switch.large{display:block}.switch{top:0px;margin-right:-295px}.medium_a{display:block}.related-wh{float:left;width:48%;margin-right:2%}.sd_thumb{width:200px}#sd_container.sd_polish{justify-content:flex-start}#sd_container.sd_polish .sd_thumb{min-width:130px;width:100%;max-width:155px}#sd_container.sd_polish.first_row{justify-content:space-evenly}#sd_container.sd_single{justify-content:space-around}#sd_container.sd_single .sd_thumb{left:-50px}#sd_container.sd_single .whcdn{box-shadow:none;margin-bottom:0px;z-index:1}#sd_container.sd_single .sd_link{display:flex;align-items:center}#sd_container.sd_single .sd_link span{z-index:0;background:#d9ead3ff;position:absolute;left:-40px;padding:5px 20px 5px 180px;text-align:left;width:100px;min-height:60px;display:flex;align-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap}#sd_container.sd_single.sd_relationship .sd_link span{background:#E9D2DE}#sd_container.sd_single.sd_tech .sd_link span{background:#D3DEE9}div.articleShareIcons{display:block;position:relative;float:right;top:0px}.gdpr_button,button.gdpr_button{vertical-align:baseline;margin-bottom:0;margin:0 auto}#gdpr_text{position:relative}#gdpr_cp_link{position:absolute;width:155px;right:-230px;top:2px}#gdpr_text_inner{padding-right:0}#gdpr_accept_wrap{width:70px}#housebottom_ad_1{display:block;padding-top:25px}.house-promo{display:block}#hausead-img-wrap{display:block;position:relative}#intro_ad_1.full-width{margin-left:0}.list_method .steps .altblock{height:60px;font-size:0;width:3.5rem}.list_method .steps .headline_container .headline_info{height:58px}.list_method .steps .wh_ad_inner.al_grey{display:block}.menu{font-size:1rem;position:absolute;border:1px solid #91af79;margin:0;padding:10px 0;top:71px;z-index:1000;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:none;right:0}.menu.explore_menu{right:-149px;padding:15px 0 27px 0;max-width:1055px;overflow:hidden;max-height:calc(100vh - 150px);overflow-y:scroll}.menu a{display:block;padding:0 20px 0 15px;line-height:26px;color:#669933}.explore_menu .menuitem,.explore_menu .menuitem.top_cat{display:inline-block;width:211px;padding:0 20px 0 15px}.explore_menu .menuitem.top_cat{font-size:16px;line-height:23px}.explore_menu .menu_item_sub{font-size:14px;line-height:23px}.explore_menu .menu_item_sub:first-child{font-size:16px;padding:0}.explore_menu_line.top_menu_section{font-weight:bold;margin-top:0px}.explore_menu_line.subcat_menu_section{margin-top:10px}.explore_menu_line.top_menu_section:nth-child(2){margin-top:10px;padding-bottom:7px}.explore_menu_line.section_name_line{font-weight:bold;position:relative;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:5px;padding-top:10px}.explore_menu_line.section_name_line:before{content:'';position:absolute;top:-10px;left:16px;width:97%;height:1px;background-color:#D9D9D9}.explore_menu_line{margin-top:5px}#AdminOptions.menu a{color:#363}.menu a:hover{color:white;background-color:#91af79;text-decoration:none}#AdminOptions.menu a:hover{color:white}.admin_arrow{width:0;height:0;border-left:3px solid transparent;border-right:3px solid transparent;border-top:5px solid #AAAAAA;display:inline-block;margin-left:3px;margin-bottom:1px}.menu a.admin_tab_hide{display:none} #actionbar{position:relative;height:35px;margin-top:-10px;z-index:2} .is-authenticated #actionbar{display:block}ul#tabs{position:absolute;top:0px;left:2px;margin:0px;padding:0px}ul#tabs li{float:left;list-style:none;padding:0px;margin:0px;padding-right:15px;line-height:2em}ul#tabs li a{font-size:13px;font-weight:500}ul#tabs li a.on{color:#454545;font-weight:bold}#wikilove_header{display:none}.hs_active.hs_notif #hs_query{margin-right:40px}#hs_submit{margin-right:40px}.header.love_button #mw-mf-main-menu-button,.love_button #hs,.love_button #hs.hs_active{width:72px}.love_button #hs_query,.love_button .hs_active #hs_query{width:auto}.mobile_tab:first-child{margin-left:2.3em}#AdminOptions{position:absolute;top:30px;font-size:1em;border:1px solid #91af79;color:#363;margin:0;background-color:#f9f9f9;width:100%;width:-moz-max-content;width:-webkit-max-content;width:-o-max-content}ul#AdminOptions li{padding-left:0px}#content_wrapper{margin:1em auto;max-width:1050px;padding:40px 1em 1em;background:#f3f3f3}#content_inner{width:100%;max-width:728px;margin:0 auto;position:relative}.full_width #content_wrapper,.full_width #content_inner{max-width:initial;padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.full_width .content{margin:0}.stable .content p,.stable .content li,.stable .content dl{line-height:25px}.stable .content .steps_list_2 ul,.stable .content .steps_list_2 ol{margin-left:55px;margin-top:5px;padding:0}#trust_banner{border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;font-size:14px}#trust_banner span{display:inline}#breadcrumb{padding:1.1em 0 0.8em 26px;color:#307530}div.articleShareIcons{margin-right:10px;margin-top:-25px}.article_byline{color:#545454;font-size:.85em}.article_byline#recipe_byline{padding-top:0}.article_byline p{font-size:.9em;line-height:1.2rem}.coauthor_checkstar{background-position:right 1px}#byline_info{line-height:1.2rem}.byline_success{background-position:left 40%}#mobile_tab_container{display:none}#section_0{padding:26px 26px 0;line-height:normal}#section_0.special_title{font-size:35px}.ns-0.action-view #section_0{padding:0 26px}#intro{font-size:1em;margin:0;border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;padding:7px 26px}#intro p{line-height:25px}#intro .mwimg{margin:10px 0px}#intro .mwimg img{border-radius:3px}.mwimg a img{border-top-left-radius:3px;border-top-right-radius:3px}.steps_list_2 li:first-child .mwimg a img{border-radius:0}.mw-mf-cleanup{display:none}#method_toc{display:block;position:static;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.65em;color:#222222;float:right;background-color:#f6f8f7;border-radius:6px;width:259px;padding:8px 15px 15px 15px;margin:2px 0 10px 10px;clear:right}#method_toc .hidden,#method_toc a.hidden,#method_toc #toc_showless{display:none}#method_toc span{margin-right:.75em}#method_toc .sp_method_toc{margin:3px -26px;border:0 26px;padding:10px 26px;border:0;color:#222222;background-color:#f6f8f7;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.65em}#method_toc .header_toc{width:100%;padding-bottom:5px;color:#444;line-height:normal}#method_toc.en_toc .method_toc_item a{background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:17px}#method_toc.en_toc .toc_method a > span{background-color:#94b778;width:15px;height:15px;display:inline-block;text-align:center;line-height:15px;border-radius:5px;color:#fff;margin-right:5px;font-size:11px;position:absolute;left:0;top:1px}#method_toc.en_toc a{display:block;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.4px;color:#307530;line-height:18px;margin:3px 0;background-image:none;padding-left:20px;position:relative}#method_toc.en_toc .header_toc{font-size:14px;display:none}#method_toc.en_toc #qa_toc{background-image:none}#method_toc.en_toc #qa_toc a{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 15 15'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cstyle%3E.cls-1%7Bfill:%238effff;opacity:0%7D.cls-2%7Bfill:%23fff%7D.cls-3,.cls-4%7Bfill:none;stroke:%23a3a3a3%7D.cls-4%7Bfill:%23a3a3a3;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-width:.25px%7D%3C/style%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Cpath class='cls-1' d='M0 0h15v15H0z'/%3E%3Ccircle class='cls-2' cx='7.5' cy='7.5' r='7'/%3E%3Ccircle class='cls-3' cx='7.5' cy='7.5' r='6.56'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-4' d='M5.66 3.42A3.16 3.16 0 0 1 7.39 3a3.76 3.76 0 0 1 2.25.64 2.24 2.24 0 0 1 .89 1.92 2.16 2.16 0 0 1-.39 1.31 4.42 4.42 0 0 1-.87.82L8.85 8a1.32 1.32 0 0 0-.46.63 2.82 2.82 0 0 0-.08.71H6.69a5.07 5.07 0 0 1 .19-1.4 2.55 2.55 0 0 1 .8-.94l.44-.34a1.4 1.4 0 0 0 .34-.35 1.21 1.21 0 0 0 .24-.73 1.43 1.43 0 0 0-.26-.82 1.12 1.12 0 0 0-1-.38 1.11 1.11 0 0 0-1 .46 1.81 1.81 0 0 0-.28 1H4.47a2.79 2.79 0 0 1 1.19-2.42z'/%3E%3Crect class='cls-4' x='6.65' y='10.15' width='1.79' height='1.73' rx='.44'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}#method_toc.en_toc #common_questions_toc a{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 15 15'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cstyle%3E.cls-1%7Bfill:%238effff;opacity:0%7D.cls-2%7Bfill:%23fff%7D.cls-3,.cls-4%7Bfill:none;stroke:%23a3a3a3%7D.cls-4%7Bfill:%23a3a3a3;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-width:.25px%7D%3C/style%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Cpath class='cls-1' d='M0 0h15v15H0z'/%3E%3Ccircle class='cls-2' cx='7.5' cy='7.5' r='7'/%3E%3Ccircle class='cls-3' cx='7.5' cy='7.5' r='6.56'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-4' d='M5.66 3.42A3.16 3.16 0 0 1 7.39 3a3.76 3.76 0 0 1 2.25.64 2.24 2.24 0 0 1 .89 1.92 2.16 2.16 0 0 1-.39 1.31 4.42 4.42 0 0 1-.87.82L8.85 8a1.32 1.32 0 0 0-.46.63 2.82 2.82 0 0 0-.08.71H6.69a5.07 5.07 0 0 1 .19-1.4 2.55 2.55 0 0 1 .8-.94l.44-.34a1.4 1.4 0 0 0 .34-.35 1.21 1.21 0 0 0 .24-.73 1.43 1.43 0 0 0-.26-.82 1.12 1.12 0 0 0-1-.38 1.11 1.11 0 0 0-1 .46 1.81 1.81 0 0 0-.28 1H4.47a2.79 2.79 0 0 1 1.19-2.42z'/%3E%3Crect class='cls-4' x='6.65' y='10.15' width='1.79' height='1.73' rx='.44'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}#method_toc.en_toc #rwh_toc a{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 15 15'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cstyle%3E.cls-1%7Bfill:%238effff;opacity:0%7D.cls-2,.cls-3%7Bfill:%23fff%7D.cls-2,.cls-3,.cls-4,.cls-5%7Bstroke:%23a3a3a3%7D.cls-2,.cls-5%7Bstroke-width:.75px%7D.cls-4,.cls-5%7Bfill:none%7D.cls-5%7Bstroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round%7D%3C/style%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Cpath class='cls-1' d='M0 0h15v15H0z'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-2' d='M13.49 3.66v9.1a1.87 1.87 0 0 1-2 1.74H5.38a1.87 1.87 0 0 1-2-1.74V2.44a1.87 1.87 0 0 1 2-1.74H10z'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-3' d='M11.59 3.45v8.11a1.87 1.87 0 0 1-2 1.74H3.48a1.87 1.87 0 0 1-2-1.74V2.24a1.87 1.87 0 0 1 2-1.74H8z'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-4' d='M11.59 3.45H8.66A.58.58 0 0 1 8 2.91V.5'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-5' d='M3.41 3.45h2.91M3.41 5.43h6.28M3.41 7.42h6.28M3.41 9.4h6.28M3.41 11.38h6.28'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}#method_toc.en_toc #comments_toc a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/userreview/assets/comments_toc.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc #toc_ref a{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 15 15'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cstyle%3E.cls-1%7Bfill:%238effff;opacity:0%7D.cls-2%7Bfill:none;stroke:%23a3a3a3;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round%7D.cls-3%7Bfill:%23fff%7D%3C/style%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Cpath class='cls-1' d='M0 0h15v15H0z'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-2' d='M4.19 2.82h8.15'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-3' d='M12.34 4.23V14H4.46a1.8 1.8 0 0 1-1.8-1.8V2.61a1.56 1.56 0 0 0 1.49 1.62z'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-2' d='M12.34 4.23V14H4.46a1.8 1.8 0 0 1-1.8-1.8V2.61a1.56 1.56 0 0 0 1.49 1.62zM2.66 2.61A1.55 1.55 0 0 1 4.15 1h8.19'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}#method_toc.en_toc #summary_toc a{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 15 15'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cstyle%3E.cls-1%7Bfill:%238effff;opacity:0%7D.cls-2,.cls-4%7Bfill:none;stroke:%2393b874;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round%7D.cls-3%7Bfill:%23fff%7D.cls-4%7Bstroke-width:.75px%7D%3C/style%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Cpath class='cls-1' d='M0 0h15v15H0z'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-2' d='M3.06 2.82H14'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-3' d='M14 4.23V14H3.42C2.09 14 1 13.2 1 12.2V2.61a1.84 1.84 0 0 0 2 1.62z'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-2' d='M14 4.23V14H3.42C2.09 14 1 13.2 1 12.2V2.61a1.84 1.84 0 0 0 2 1.62zM1 2.61A1.84 1.84 0 0 1 3 1h11'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-4' d='M3.06 7.03h7.48M3.06 9.03h7.48M3.06 11.03h7.48'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}#method_toc.en_toc #tips_toc a{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 15 15'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cstyle%3E.cls-1%7Bfill:%238effff;opacity:0%7D.cls-2%7Bfill:%23fff%7D.cls-3%7Bfill:none;stroke:%23a3a3a3%7D.cls-4%7Bfill:%23a3a3a3%7D%3C/style%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Cpath class='cls-1' d='M0 0h15v15H0z'/%3E%3Cg id='Ellipse_443-3' data-name='Ellipse 443-3'%3E%3Ccircle class='cls-2' cx='7.5' cy='7.5' r='7'/%3E%3Ccircle class='cls-3' cx='7.5' cy='7.5' r='6.56'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3Cpath class='cls-4' d='M7.56 2.63a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1.53l-.5 4.48h-1l-.53-4.48V3.67a1 1 0 0 1 1.03-1.04z'/%3E%3Crect class='cls-4' x='6.57' y='10.13' width='1.97' height='1.91' rx='.95'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}#method_toc.en_toc #summaryvideo_toc a{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 15.5 15'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cstyle%3E.cls-1%7Bfill:%23fff;%7D.cls-1,.cls-4%7Bstroke:%2393b875;%7D.cls-2,.cls-4%7Bfill:none;%7D.cls-2%7Bopacity:0.61;%7D.cls-3%7Bfill:%2393b874;%7D%3C/style%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Cg id='Layer_2' data-name='Layer 2'%3E%3Cg id='TOC'%3E%3Cpath class='cls-1' d='M.54,5.25H13.89A1.11,1.11,0,0,1,15,6.36v7a1.11,1.11,0,0,1-1.11,1.11H1.65A1.11,1.11,0,0,1,.54,13.39V5.25A0,0,0,0,1,.54,5.25Z'/%3E%3Crect class='cls-2' width='15' height='15'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-3' d='M2.13,7.44H.75c-.29,0-.53-.17-.53-.37V5.2h3Z'/%3E%3Cpolygon class='cls-3' points='5.82 5.2 4.77 7.44 3.25 7.44 4.3 5.2 5.82 5.2'/%3E%3Cpolygon class='cls-3' points='8.99 5.2 7.93 7.44 5.88 7.44 6.94 5.2 8.99 5.2'/%3E%3Cpolygon class='cls-3' points='11.63 5.2 10.57 7.44 9.05 7.44 10.1 5.2 11.63 5.2'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-3' d='M14.47,7.44H11.69L12.75,5.2H15V7.07C15,7.27,14.76,7.44,14.47,7.44Z'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-3' d='M3.16,4.69.05,5,0,3.36c0-.2.19-.41.48-.46l1.37-.24Z'/%3E%3Cpolygon class='cls-3' points='4.26 4.5 2.96 2.47 4.46 2.21 5.78 4.23 4.26 4.5'/%3E%3Cpolygon class='cls-3' points='6.88 4.04 5.57 2.01 7.6 1.65 8.92 3.68 6.88 4.04'/%3E%3Cpolygon class='cls-3' points='10.02 3.49 8.71 1.46 10.22 1.2 11.53 3.22 10.02 3.49'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-3' d='M14.65.79l.23,1.84L12.64,3,11.33,1,14.09.52C14.38.47,14.63.59,14.65.79Z'/%3E%3Cline class='cls-4' x1='0.66' y1='7.74' x2='14.63' y2='7.74'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");color:#307431}#method_toc.en_toc #summaryvideo_toc a span{font-size:7px;color:#307431;background-color:#bbd1ab;padding:1px 4px 0 4px;border-radius:6px;display:inline-block;margin-top:1px;vertical-align:text-top;line-height:14px;margin-left:4px}#method_toc.en_toc #othervideo_toc a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_video.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc #need_toc a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_need.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc #ea_toc a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_expert.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc #ingredients_toc a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_ingredients.svg);background-position:0px 4px;background-size:15px}#method_toc.en_toc .toc_sample a,#method_toc.en_toc #ei_toc a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_sample_new.svg);padding-left:21px}#method_toc.en_toc .toc_questionmethod a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_video.svg);padding-left:21px}#method_toc.en_toc .toc_method.toc_tech a span{display:none}#method_toc.en_toc .toc_android a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_android.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc .toc_desktop a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_desktop.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc .toc_iphone a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_iphone.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc .toc_mac a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_mac.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc .toc_mobile a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_mobile.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc .toc_windows a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_windows.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc #final_toc a{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowtoc/images/toc_final.svg)}#method_toc.en_toc #steps_toc a{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 17 17'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cstyle%3E.cls-1%7Bfill:%2394b778%7D.cls-2%7Bfill:%23fff%7D%3C/style%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Crect id='Rectangle_1284' data-name='Rectangle 1284' class='cls-1' width='17' height='17' rx='5'/%3E%3Crect id='Rectangle_1284-2' data-name='Rectangle 1284' class='cls-2' x='3.2' y='9.99' width='3.5' height='3.5' rx='1.03'/%3E%3Crect id='Rectangle_1284-3' data-name='Rectangle 1284' class='cls-2' x='3.2' y='3.51' width='3.5' height='3.5' rx='1.03'/%3E%3Cpath class='cls-2' d='M7.95 4.71h5.85v1.75H7.95zM7.95 11.19h5.85v1.75H7.95z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-size:14px}#method_toc .toc_hidden,#method_toc .toc_ignore{display:none}#method_toc.intl_toc{margin:3px -26px 12px;padding:10px 26px;border-radius:0;width:100%;float:none}#method_toc.intl_toc a,#method_toc.intl_toc .toc_method,#method_toc.intl_toc #toc_showless,#method_toc.intl_toc #toc_showmore,#method_toc.intl_toc .toc_pre{ background-image:url(data:image/gif;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position-x:left}#method_toc.intl_toc a{ background-position:0 3px;padding-left:15px;display:inline-block;font-size:12px;margin:0 5px 0 0}#method_toc.intl_toc .method_toc_item{display:inline;background:none;padding-left:0}#method_toc.intl_toc .method_toc_item a{line-height:17px}#method_toc.intl_toc .header_toc{margin-right:.75em;border-bottom:none;display:inline;font-size:12px}#method_toc.intl_toc .toc_nav{display:none}#method_toc.intl_toc span.summaryvideo_icon{background:url(/skins/owl/images/video_play_icon.png) 0 0 contain no-repeat; background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/video_play_icon.svg);width:14px;height:12px;margin:0 0 -1px 2px;display:inline-block}.toc_header{color:#444;border-bottom:1px solid #d8d8d4;font-size:12px;text-transform:uppercase}#section_0.title_lg,#section_0.title_md,#section_0.title_sm{font-size:35px}.section > .headline_container:not(.subheadline),.steps .headline_container{background-color:#FFF;border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;border-bottom:1px solid #f3f3f3}.section > .headline_container:not(.subheadline) h2,.steps .headline_container h2{padding:0}.method_label{color:#222}.headline_container .altblock{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;height:60px;width:60px;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;line-height:1em;text-align:center;padding:0;color:#fff;border-radius:4px 0 0 0;box-sizing:border-box;display:table;margin:0}.headline_container .altblock > div{width:100%;height:auto;display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;padding-top:.2em}.headline_container .method_label{display:none}.headline_info{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;height:59.5px;line-height:1.125em;padding:0 1em}.headline_container:not(.block_header) .headline_info{padding:0 1em}div.section.steps .headline_container .altblock span{font-size:21px;padding-top:2.5px;display:block;line-height:20px}.section{margin-top:2.2em; }.section.stuck{padding-top:58px}.section .headline_container.block_header .headline_info{padding:0 0 0 75px}.section #ingredients .checkmark,.section #thingsyoullneed .checkmark{width:1em;height:1em}.section:not(.steps) .headline_container.subheadline{padding:0.5em 0}.section:not(.steps) .headline_container.subheadline .headline_info{padding-left:1.4em}.section:not(.steps) .headline_container.subheadline h3{font-size:1.25em;font-weight:bold;color:#222222}.section:not(.steps) .headline_container.subheadline .altblock{margin-top:.35em;top:auto;height:1.5em;width:1.5em}.section .tool div,.section .headline_container{position:relative}.section .tool div.sticking,.section .headline_container.sticking{position:fixed;top:39px;width:728px;z-index:5;border-radius:0}.section .tool div.sticking .altblock,.section .headline_container.sticking .altblock{border-radius:4px;margin:7px 16px 7px 7px;width:52px;height:44px}@supports (position:sticky){.section.sticky > .headline_container.sticking{top:37px;z-index:5;position:sticky}.sticky-sentinel{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;visibility:hidden}.sticky-sentinel-top{height:20px;top:-59px}.sticky-sentinel-introa{height:20px;top:-59px;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;visibility:hidden}.section .tool div.sticking{position:sticky}}.section.tysk .headline_container{background-size:8.5%}.section.tysk .headline_container .headline_info{padding-left:0}.section.tysk .headline_container h2{padding-left:3rem}h4.steps_text{font-size:1.1em;background:#DCE8CC;color:#222}.section_text,.steps_text{border:none}.steps_list_2 > li{border:none;margin-bottom:1.5em;position:relative}.content{margin:0 0 1.5em}.content .edit-page{display:block;position:absolute;top:1.7em;right:1.7em;background:none;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:normal;color:#307530}.content .sticking .edit-page{margin-right:10px}.pre-content{border-radius:4px 4px 0 0}.method_ad{margin-left:-19px}#intro.hasad{padding-bottom:0;border-bottom:0}#intro_ad_1{height:120px}#intro_ad_1 > ins{background-color:#F3F3F3}.steps .section_text .steps_list_2 .wh_ad_inner{margin-top:25px;margin-left:-20px;margin-bottom:-21px;line-height:0}.steps .wh_ad_inner.al_grey{margin-top:35px}.steps .wh_ad_inner.wh_ad_spacing{margin-top:40px;width:728px;min-height:0 !important}#qa .wh_ad_inner{margin-top:40px;margin-left:-15px;margin-bottom:-15px;line-height:0}#qa .wh_ad_inner.wh_ad_spacing{margin-top:40px}#ingredients .wh_ad_inner{margin-top:40px;margin-left:-26px;margin-bottom:-26px;line-height:0}.before_steps_section .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-26px;margin-bottom:-26px}.before_steps_section #quiz_related .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:0;margin-bottom:0}#quick_summary_section .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-26px}.thingsyoushouldknow h2.tysk_head{background-color:#FFF;background-size:8.5%;border-radius:7px 7px 0 0;border-image:linear-gradient(to right,#93b874,#93b874 4.4%,#f3f3f3 4.4%,#f3f3f3) 1}.thingsyoushouldknow h2.tysk_head span.mw-headline{padding-left:3rem}#relatedwikihows{padding-left:15px}#relatedwikihows .wh_ad_inner{margin-top:40px;margin-left:-15px;margin-bottom:-16px;line-height:0}#expertinterview .wh_ad_inner{margin-top:40px;margin-left:-16px;margin-bottom:-16px;line-height:0}#relatedwikihows .wh_ad_inner.wh_ad_spacing{margin-top:40px}#intro .wh_ad_inner{margin-top:24px;margin-left:-26px}#intro .wh_ad_inner.al_grey{margin-top:40px}.qz_container .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:5px}#warnings .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-14px;margin-bottom:-26px;margin-top:25px;width:728px}#userreviews_mobile .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-14px;margin-bottom:-26px;width:728px}#aboutthisarticle .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-14px;margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:-26px;width:728px}.section .section_text .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-16px;margin-bottom:-16px}#video .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:0;margin-bottom:0}#aboutthisarticle .wh_ad_inner.al_grey{margin-top:25px}#promopair_container{display:block;position:relative;height:224px;margin-top:18px}#promopair_container.wh_ad_spacing{height:250px;background-color:#FFF;margin-top:0px;padding-top:10px}#promopair_container.tip_submit{padding-top:15px}#tips #promopair_container .wh_ad_inner{position:absolute;left:0;width:300px;height:250px}#promopair-img-wrap{position:absolute;right:-26px;width:420px}.wh_ad_spacing #promopair-img-wrap{right:0}#promopair_container img{min-width:auto;min-height:auto}ol.references{padding-left:0}#mw-mf-page-center{background:#F3F3F3}#mw-mf-page-center .qz_container{margin:26px auto}.w_label{margin-top:13px;background:#fff}.promopair.w_label{margin-top:0}#rightrail1_ad_1.blockthrough.w_label:before{display:none}.rr_container .w_label{background-color:#f3f3f3}#intro .w_label{display:block}.al_dollar{position:relative}.al_dollar:after{content:'$';font-size:9px;font-weight:bold;position:absolute;left:5px;top:-10px;color:#ecebe8}.al_dollar.w_label:before{margin-top:-18px;left:0px;padding-left:16px;padding-right:4px;padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;border-radius:2px;-moz-border-radius:2px;-webkit-border-radius:2px;background:-webkit-linear-gradient(90deg,#888888 13px,#ecebe8 0%);background:-moz-linear-gradient(90deg,#888888 13px,#ecebe8 0%);background:-o-linear-gradient(90deg,#888888 13px,#ecebe8 0%);background:-ms-linear-gradient(90deg,#888888 13px,#ecebe8 0%);background:linear-gradient(90deg,#888888 13px,#ecebe8 0%);border:1px solid #444;font-weight:normal}#intro .al_dollar.w_label:before{background:-webkit-linear-gradient(90deg,#888888 13px,#ffffff 0%);background:-moz-linear-gradient(90deg,#888888 13px,#ffffff 0%);background:-o-linear-gradient(90deg,#888888 13px,#ffffff 0%);background:-ms-linear-gradient(90deg,#888888 13px,#ffffff 0%);background:linear-gradient(90deg,#888888 13px,#ffffff 0%)}.w_label:before{font-size:9px;line-height:normal;color:#444;position:absolute;left:6px;margin-top:-13px;display:block}.al_grey.w_label:before{color:#bababa}.m-video-wm{display:block;position:absolute;bottom:0;right:0;background-color:#93b874;color:#FFF;font-weight:bold;font-size:13.5px;line-height:13px;opacity:0.6 !important;padding-top:5px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-right:5px;padding-left:0px;text-decoration:none;pointer-events:none}.m-video-wm canvas{height:13px;vertical-align:bottom}.m-video-wm:before{right:100%;bottom:0;content:" ";height:100%;width:0;position:absolute;pointer-events:none;border-bottom:22px solid #93b874;border-left:18px solid transparent}#preload-wm-img{background:url(/skins/WikiHow/images/WH_logo.svg) no-repeat -9999px -9999px}.content .m-video-wm-img{width:auto !important;height:11px !important;padding-right:5px;display:block;float:left}.sourcesandcitations .section_text{padding-left:42px}.content .tips .section_text ul li,.content .warnings .section_text ul li{margin-bottom:0.8em}.content .tips .section_text ul li div.wh_vote_container,.content .warnings .section_text ul li div.wh_vote_container{display:none}#end_options{display:block}#end_options li{display:inline-block}#end_options li:before{content:'|';color:#e7e7e7;margin:0 1em}#end_options li:first-child:before{display:none}#article_rating_mobile{margin:1.5rem 0 0;background:#FFF}#article_rating_mobile .mw-headline{font-weight:bold}#footer{text-align:left}#footer_inner{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1px 1fr;grid-template-rows:auto auto 30px auto auto auto;align-items:initial}.footer_divider,#footer_logo,#footer_crumbs{grid-column:1 / span 3}#footer_logo{grid-row:1}#footer_crumbs{grid-row:2}#footer_top_divider{display:none}#search_footer{grid-column:1;grid-row:4;width:85%}#footer_links{grid-column:1;grid-row:5;text-align:initial;padding-left:initial;margin-top:10px}#footer_links ul{column-gap:7.5em;margin-right:10px}#footer_vertical_divider{grid-column:2;grid-row:4 / span 3;border-left:1px solid #77a555}#byline_hover{z-index:6;position:absolute;top:28px;width:375px;max-width:375px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.5em;border:4px solid #7fa065;border-radius:6px;background-color:#FFF}#aboutthisarticle #summary_wrapper{display:none}#aboutthisarticle #summary_wrapper.overlay{width:100%;height:100%;position:fixed;overflow-y:scroll;top:0;left:0;z-index:100;display:none;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.2)}#aboutthisarticle #summary_wrapper.overlay .collapse_link{display:block;top:25%;position:relative;left:25%;width:50%;background-color:#93b874;color:#fff;padding:12px 18px;font-size:20px;font-weight:bold}#aboutthisarticle #summary_wrapper.overlay .collapse_link.open{margin-bottom:0}#aboutthisarticle #summary_wrapper.overlay .collapse_link:after{border:none}#aboutthisarticle .overlay #summary_text{position:relative;width:50%;top:25%;border:1px solid #93b874;background-color:#fff;padding:15px 20px 15px 15px;line-height:25px;left:25%;right:25%;display:block}#aboutthisarticle .overlay #summary_text h2{background-color:#93b874;color:#fff;margin:-15px -20px 10px -15px;padding:15px}#aboutthisarticle .text_summary_wrapper{overflow-y:auto}#aboutthisarticle #summary_last_sentence{display:inline}#aboutthisarticle #summary_close{position:absolute;top:11px;right:10px;width:30px;height:30px;color:#fff;border:1px solid #fff;border-radius:15px;text-align:center;line-height:30px;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;font-size:16px;display:block;background:#93b874}#aboutthisarticle .page_stats{display:block;text-align:center;border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;font-weight:bold}#aboutthisarticle #other_languages .collapse_link{background:none}#aboutthisarticle #other_languages .collapse_link::after{content:':'}#aboutthisarticle #language_links{display:block;margin-top:.5em;-webkit-columns:2;-moz-columns:2;columns:2}.al_method{display:none}#expertadvice > ul{padding-top:10px}.content .section_text.expert_advice_section p{font-size:16px;margin-bottom:0}.content .section_text.expert_advice_section ul li{font-size:16px}.healtharticle{margin-bottom:45px}.small_pdf_link,.small_offline_link{display:none}a.large_pdf_link,a.large_offline_link{display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;float:right;font-weight:bold;margin:-5px 127px 5px 5px;font-size:12px;color:#333333;background-color:#F6F8F7;padding:.45em 1.1rem;border-radius:8px;position:relative;z-index:6}a.large_pdf_link:hover,a.large_offline_link:hover{text-decoration:none}a.large_pdf_link.pdf_link_steps,a.large_offline_link.pdf_link_steps{margin:10px 10px 0 0;min-width:135px;white-space:nowrap}a.large_pdf_link.intl,a.large_offline_link.intl{margin-right:0}a.large_pdf_link.pdf_link_steps.intl,a.large_offline_link.pdf_link_steps.intl{margin-right:10px}a.large_pdf_link img,a.large_offline_link img{width:23px;margin-right:.3rem}a.large_pdf_link > div,a.large_offline_link > div{margin-left:.4rem}a.large_pdf_link.no_align,a.large_offline_link.no_align{margin-right:.5em}a.large_offline_link{background:#93b874;color:white}#footer_newsletter{display:block;grid-column:3;grid-row:4 / span 2;width:210px;margin:0 auto;text-align:center}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_title{font-size:19px}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_email{font-size:12px;width:100%;padding:5px 10px;border-radius:10px}#footer_newsletter a#footer_subscribe_button{font-size:14px;width:initial;border-radius:8px}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_notice{font-size:11px}#footer_newsletter_divider{display:none}#intro .wh_ad_inner.al_grey{margin-top:40px}#watchtheserelatedvideos{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.al_grey{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px}.table_of_contents_list_qam_test #method_toc{display:none}.list_method #method_toc{display:none}#fa_edge_intro img{max-width:calc(100% + 26px)}.wh_ad_intl.gam #intro_ad_1{height:120px;max-width:728px;background-color:#F3F3F3}#intro .wh_ad_intl.gam{max-height:120px;background-color:#F3F3F3}#prestep_ad_1{height:90px;margin-top:10px}#ingredients .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-16px}}@media only screen and (min-width:975px){#ingredients .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-26px}.wh_vote_container.qa_vote_buttons .qa_widget_vote_links,.wh_vote_container.qa_vote_buttons .wh_thumb_default{display:none}.wh_thumb_response{display:none}.qa_person_circle,.qa_person_circle-img{max-height:60px;max-width:60px}.qa_expert_area,.qa_user_area{max-height:60px}#intro_ad_1.gam{height:90px}.section .section_text .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-26px;margin-bottom:-26px}.related-wh-quiz{border:1px solid #dfdfdf;border-radius:5px;position:relative;padding-bottom:31px;width:47%}.related-wh-quiz-button{font-weight:bold;font-size:.9em;padding:0.25em 0.5em;background:#FABC3B;border:none;color:#343434;position:absolute;left:5px;bottom:4px;border-radius:3px}#fa_edge_intro img{max-width:none}.scrolltomarker{height:1px}.w_label{display:inline-block}.wh_ad_inner.al_grey{margin-top:25px;display:block}.promopair.wh_ad_inner.al_grey{margin-top:0px}#rightrail0_ad_1{position:sticky;top:65px}.rrdoublewrap{height:2000px}.rrdoubleinner{position:sticky;top:65px}.rightrail_ad{position:sticky;top:65px}.rightrail_ad.rightraildouble_ad{position:relative;top:0}#rightrail1_ad_1{position:sticky;top:65px}#rightrail2_ad_1{position:sticky;top:65px}#rightrail3_ad_1{position:sticky;top:65px}#rightrail4_ad_1{position:sticky;top:65px}#rightrail5_ad_1{position:sticky;top:65px}#rightrail6_ad_1{position:sticky;top:65px}#rightrail7_ad_1{position:sticky;top:65px}#rightrail8_ad_1{position:sticky;top:65px}#rightrail9_ad_1{position:sticky;top:65px}.article-promo{display:block;position:relative}.menu_login,.menu_messages{position:absolute;border:1px solid #91af79;margin:0;padding:10px 0;top:71px;z-index:1000;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:none;right:0}.menu_login{padding:15px 25px} #actionbar{display:block}#mw-mf-viewport{min-width:1070px}.header{height:72px;position:relative;border-top:none;max-width:1050px; }.header #mw-mf-main-menu-button,.header #hamburger_dot{display:none}.header .search{display:block;height:39px}#header_logo{background-position:left 20px;background-size:162px;width:158px;padding-left:0}#hs,#hs_query{width:auto}#hs_query{position:relative;display:block;float:left;border:solid #FFF;border-width:0 0 2px;border-radius:0;font-size:1.25em;background:none;height:auto;width:75%;min-width:200px;padding:9px 7px 4px}#hs_query::placeholder{color:#FFF;opacity:1}#hs_query.reels_search{width:258px}.hs_notif #hs_query,.hs_notif.hs_active #hs_query{margin-right:0}.hs_active .search{padding-right:0}#hs_submit{position:relative;display:inline-block;background-color:#ADC996;border-radius:4px;width:80px;background-position:center;background-size:25px;margin-left:10px}.hs_active #hs_query:valid ~ #hs_submit{display:inline-block}.love_button #hs,.love_button #hs.hs_active{width:auto}.love_button #hs_query,.love_button .hs_active #hs_query{width:75%}#content_wrapper{padding:71px 1em 1em}.header #actions{display:table-cell;padding:0px;margin:0px;border-right:1px solid #89ac6c;display:flex;justify-content:flex-end}.header #actions li{border-left:1px solid #89ac6c;padding:0px;height:72px;list-style:none !important;margin:0px;cursor:pointer;width:72.93px;position:relative;display:table}.header #actions li .nav{font-size:calc(8px + (10 - 8) * ((100vw - 975px) / (1020 - 975)));font-weight:bold;color:#475347;display:block;padding-top:40px;position:relative;text-align:center;z-index:1;line-height:normal;display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;height:auto;width:100%}.header #actions li:hover .nav{color:#2C3C2C;text-decoration:none}.header #actions li .new_bubble{font-size:.7em;padding:0 .5em;margin-left:0}.nav_icon{position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;height:46px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center;-webkit-transition:all 0.1s ease-out;transition:all 0.1s ease-out}.nav_item:hover,.nav_item_selected{background-color:#85A669}#nav_explore_li .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_explore.optimized.svg);background-size:28%}#nav_explore_li:hover .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_explore_hover.optimized.svg);background-size:31%}#nav_messages_li .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_messages.optimized.svg);background-size:33%}#nav_messages_li:hover .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_messages_hover.optimized.svg);background-size:37%}#nav_random_li .nav_icon{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' height='24' width='24'%3E%3Cpath d='M0 0h24v24H0zm21.02 19c0 1.1-.9 2-2 2h-14c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2V5c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h14c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2v14z' fill='none'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%23475347' d='M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM7.5 18c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5S6.67 15 7.5 15s1.5.67 1.5 1.5S8.33 18 7.5 18zm0-9C6.67 9 6 8.33 6 7.5S6.67 6 7.5 6 9 6.67 9 7.5 8.33 9 7.5 9zm4.5 4.5c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5s.67-1.5 1.5-1.5 1.5.67 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5 1.5zm4.5 4.5c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5s.67-1.5 1.5-1.5 1.5.67 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5 1.5zm0-9c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5S15.67 6 16.5 6s1.5.67 1.5 1.5S17.33 9 16.5 9z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-size:33%}#nav_random_li:hover .nav_icon{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' height='24' width='24'%3E%3Cpath d='M0 0h24v24H0zm21.02 19c0 1.1-.9 2-2 2h-14c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2V5c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h14c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2v14z' fill='none'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%232C3C2C' d='M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM7.5 18c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5S6.67 15 7.5 15s1.5.67 1.5 1.5S8.33 18 7.5 18zm0-9C6.67 9 6 8.33 6 7.5S6.67 6 7.5 6 9 6.67 9 7.5 8.33 9 7.5 9zm4.5 4.5c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5s.67-1.5 1.5-1.5 1.5.67 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5 1.5zm4.5 4.5c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5s.67-1.5 1.5-1.5 1.5.67 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5 1.5zm0-9c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5S15.67 6 16.5 6s1.5.67 1.5 1.5S17.33 9 16.5 9z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-size:37%}#nav_quizzes_li .nav_icon{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg version='1.1' id='Layer_1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' x='0' y='0' viewBox='0 0 48 48' style='enable-background:new 0 0 48 48' xml:space='preserve'%3E%3Cstyle%3E.st1%7Bfill:%23465347%7D%3C/style%3E%3Cg id='art'%3E%3Cpath style='fill:none' d='M0 0h48v48H0z'/%3E%3Cpath class='st1' d='m40.6 7.8-14.7-3c-1.6-.3-3.2.7-3.5 2.3l-.7 2.9h2.8l.2-.9 15.2 3.1-.4 1.8-7.2-1.5c.4.7.6 1.5.6 2.4v2.4l5.6 1.2-.4 1.8-5.1-1.1v4.7l4.3.9-.3 1.8-4-.8v4.7l3 .6-.4 1.8-2.6-.6V36l1.7.3c1.6.3 3.2-.7 3.5-2.3l4.7-22.7c.3-1.6-.7-3.2-2.3-3.5zM8 15v26c0 1.7 1.3 3 3 3V12c-1.7 0-3 1.3-3 3z'/%3E%3Cpath class='st1' d='M28 12H13v32h15c1.7 0 3-1.3 3-3V15c0-1.7-1.3-3-3-3zm0 5v3.1c0 1.1-.9 2-2 2h-8c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2V17c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8c.9 0 1.6.5 1.9 1.3.1.2.1.5.1.7z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-size:36%}#nav_quizzes_li:hover .nav_icon{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg version='1.1' id='Layer_1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' x='0' y='0' viewBox='0 0 48 48' style='enable-background:new 0 0 48 48' xml:space='preserve'%3E%3Cstyle%3E.st1%7Bfill:%23465347%7D%3C/style%3E%3Cg id='art'%3E%3Cpath style='fill:none' d='M0 0h48v48H0z'/%3E%3Cpath class='st1' d='m40.6 7.8-14.7-3c-1.6-.3-3.2.7-3.5 2.3l-.7 2.9h2.8l.2-.9 15.2 3.1-.4 1.8-7.2-1.5c.4.7.6 1.5.6 2.4v2.4l5.6 1.2-.4 1.8-5.1-1.1v4.7l4.3.9-.3 1.8-4-.8v4.7l3 .6-.4 1.8-2.6-.6V36l1.7.3c1.6.3 3.2-.7 3.5-2.3l4.7-22.7c.3-1.6-.7-3.2-2.3-3.5zM8 15v26c0 1.7 1.3 3 3 3V12c-1.7 0-3 1.3-3 3z'/%3E%3Cpath class='st1' d='M28 12H13v32h15c1.7 0 3-1.3 3-3V15c0-1.7-1.3-3-3-3zm0 5v3.1c0 1.1-.9 2-2 2h-8c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2V17c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8c.9 0 1.6.5 1.9 1.3.1.2.1.5.1.7z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-size:40%}#random-button{display:none}#nav_profile_li .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_profile.optimized.svg);background-size:29%}#nav_profile_li:hover .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_profile_hover.optimized.svg);background-size:32%}#nav_profile_li.nav_member .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/MembershipManager/images/nav_proprofile.svg);background-size:40%;background-position:center 11px}#nav_profile_li.nav_member:hover .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/MembershipManager/images/nav_proprofile_hover.svg);background-size:43%}.menuitem.menu_separator:hover{background-color:#fff}#nav_help_li .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_help.optimized.svg);background-size:31%}#nav_help_li:hover .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_help_hover.optimized.svg);background-size:34%}#nav_edit_li .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_edit.optimized.svg);background-size:31%}#nav_edit_li:hover .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_edit_hover.optimized.svg);background-size:34%}.menuitem.top_cat{padding-left:25px;font-size:14px;line-height:22px}.menuitem.top_cat_new{position:relative}.menuitem.top_cat_new:after{content:'New';position:absolute;right:40px;background:#FF3333;color:#FFF;border-radius:10px;line-height:15px;margin:0;font-size:10px;top:5px;padding:0 6px}.explore_menu .menuitem.top_cat_new:after{top:6px;right:20px}.explore_menu .menuitem.top_cat_new_short:after{right:138px}#actions #nav_pro_li{border:none;background:#FFF;border-radius:35px;margin:13px 10px 0 0;box-sizing:border-box;height:45px;width:100px}#actions #nav_pro_li.courses{width:90px}#actions #nav_pro_li .nav_icon{ background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/nav_pro.svg);background-size:100%;right:16px;width:22px;height:45px}#actions #nav_pro_li.courses .nav_icon{display:none}#actions #nav_pro_li .red_dot{display:none;position:absolute;background:#FF3333;height:10px;width:10px;right:13px;bottom:10px;border-radius:50%}#actions #nav_pro_li .menu{top:50px;border:none;border-radius:15px;padding:12px 0;box-shadow:-2px 4px 4px rgba(122,122,122,0.25)}#actions #nav_pro_li .menu hr{color:#D9D9D9;margin:12px 0}#actions #nav_pro_li.nav_upgrade .nav_icon{display:none}#actions #nav_pro_li.nav_upgrade a{padding:0}#actions #nav_pro_li.nav_upgrade .label{position:static}#actions #nav_pro .label{display:inline-block;background:#FFCF5A;color:#FFF;font-size:1.2em;padding:.25em .6em;position:absolute;left:16px;top:28%;border-radius:5px} .header #secondary-button.user-button,.header #wikipoints_bubble{position:absolute;padding:0;top:-2px;right:-4px;z-index:1}.header #secondary-button.user-button:hover,.header #wikipoints_bubble:hover{text-decoration:none}.header #secondary-button.user-button span,.header #wikipoints_bubble span{font-size:.6em;width:2.2em;height:1.5em;line-height:1.5em;border-radius:1.5em;position:relative}#header_container{height:72px;transform:scaleY(1);transform-origin:top;transition-duration:120ms}#header_top_watch{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;top:3px;left:0}#header_container.shrunken{transform:scaleY(0.5);transform-origin:top;transition-duration:210ms} .header_container.shrunk{height:39px}.header_container.shrunk .header{height:39px}.header_container.shrunk .header #actions .button.tech_newsletter_button{margin-top:5px}.header_container.shrunk .header #secondary-button.user-button,.header_container.shrunk .header #wikipoints_bubble{top:-10px}.header_container.shrunk #header_logo{background-position:left 5px}.header_container.shrunk #hs_query{height:32px}.header_container.shrunk #hs_submit{height:32px;background-size:21px;margin-top:3px}.header_container.shrunk .nav_icon{display:none}.header_container.shrunk .menu,.header_container.shrunk .menu_login,.header_container.shrunk .menu_messages{top:38px}.header_container.shrunk #actions li{height:39px}.header_container.shrunk #actions li .nav{padding:0}.header_container.shrunk #actions #nav_pro_li{height:30px;width:77px;margin-top:4px}.header_container.shrunk #actions #nav_pro_li .red_dot{display:none !important}.header_container.shrunk #actions #nav_pro_li .menu{top:33px}.header_container.shrunk #actions #nav_pro .label{position:relative;left:auto;top:auto}.scrollto_wrap{height:90px}#qa .wh_ad_inner{margin-top:18px;margin-bottom:-47px}#warnings .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-26px;margin-bottom:-26px}#aboutthisarticle .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-26px}#thingsyoullneed .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-26px;margin-bottom:-26px}#expertinterview .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-26px;margin-bottom:-26px}#references .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-42px}#promopair_container.wh_ad_spacing{padding-top:0px}.rtl .method_ad{margin-right:-19px}.rtl #qa .wh_ad_inner{margin-right:-16px}.rtl #intro .wh_ad_inner{margin-right:-26px}.rtl .steps .wh_ad_inner{margin-right:-21px}.rtl #relatedwikihows .wh_ad_inner{margin-right:-16px}.qz_container .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:5px}.menu_messages{right:0;font-size:.8em;width:300px;padding:0 0 3px 0}.menu_messages .mw-echo-state{background-color:#EEE}.menu_messages .mw-echo-state:hover{background-color:#F9F9F9}.menu_messages .mw-echo-unread{background-color:#F9F9F9}.menu_messages .mw-echo-content{padding-right:.5em}.menu_message_morelink{text-align:center;padding:5px} .oo-ui-windowManager-modal > .oo-ui-window.oo-ui-dialog{z-index:11}#ca-edit{display:none}.section.aidata{margin-top:-1.5em}.section_text{padding:26px}.step_num{font-size:2.8em;line-height:1em;margin-left:10px}.step{margin:0 30px 0 10px}.summarysection.mwimg,.summarysection .mwimg{margin:-26px -26px 0}#qa{padding:26px}.qa_divider{margin:0 -26px 15px}.qa_sq.qa_editing_aq{margin:0 -26px}#qa_ask_heading{margin-top:0}.references a.external,#site_notice a.external{background:none}#site_notice_x{float:right;display:block;width:14px;height:14px;background:url(/skins/owl/images/article_sprite.png) no-repeat -114px 0;margin:0 0px 10px 10px}#trust_banner{top:72px}#trust_banner > div{max-width:1050px}.shrunk_header #trust_banner{visibility:hidden}.coauthor_link:hover,.eat_tag:hover,.recipe_byline_stars:hover{text-decoration:none}#byline_hover_close{display:none}#coauthor_image:not(.always_show){display:none}#sidebar{display:block;width:300px;min-height:500px;float:right;position:relative}#sidebar .al_dollar:after{top:-16px}#sidebar #cookie_notice{display:none}#sidebar #top_links{padding:30px 15px;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;font-size:.65em;font-weight:bold}#sidebar #top_links #gatWriteAnArticle{margin-right:0}#sidebar .sidebox{background-color:#FFF;padding:16px;margin:0 0 15px 0;position:relative;-moz-border-radius:4px;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;color:#686868;font-size:13px;line-height:1.3em}#sidebar .sidebox p{font-size:14px;line-height:17px;margin:12px 0 0}#sidebar .sidebox h3{font-size:13px;font-weight:bold;color:#686868;margin-bottom:11px;padding:0px;background:none}#sidebar .sidebox.short_sidebox{padding-top:10px}#sidebar #social_proof_sidebox{line-height:normal;padding:0;font-weight:bold}#sidebar .difficult_icon{display:block;margin:.5em auto}#sidebar .arrow_box{position:relative}#sidebar .arrow_box:after,#sidebar .arrow_box:before{right:100%;top:50%;border:solid transparent;content:" ";height:0;width:0;position:absolute;pointer-events:none}#sidebar .arrow_box:before{border:none}#sidebar #social_proof_sidebox.arrow_box:after,#sidebar #social_proof_sidebox.arrow_box:before{top:38px}#sidebar #social_proof_sidebox.arrow_box:after{margin-top:0}#sidebar #aag_sidebox{display:none}#sidebar .arrow_box:after{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);border-right-color:#FFF;border-width:11px;margin-top:-80px}#sidebar .arrow_box:before{border-color:rgba(229,229,229,0);border-right-color:#e5e5e5;border-width:12px;margin-top:-81px}#sidebar #social_proof_sidebox h3{margin:0;text-align:left;font-size:11px;background-color:#f6f5f4;padding:4px 1em;width:inherit;-moz-border-radius-topright:4px;-moz-border-radius-topleft:4px;-webkit-border-top-left-radius:4px;-webkit-border-top-right-radius:4px;top-left-border-radius:4px;border-top-right-radius:4px}#sidebar #social_proof_sidebox.arrow_box h3{font-size:15px;padding:10px 0 10px 10px}#sidebar #social_proof_sidebox h4{margin:10px 5px -5px 5px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;background-color:inherit}#sidebar .sp_box{float:left;width:130px;height:75px;position:relative;padding:10px 0 10px 15px}#sidebar .sp_thin_box{width:100%;height:auto;padding:0;display:table}#sidebar .sp_star_section_upper{margin-top:4px;display:inline-block}#sidebar #sp_star_rating_lower{font-size:11px}#sidebar .sp_star_rating_text{font-weight:normal}#sidebar .sp_helpful_box,#sidebar #sp_helpful_new,#sidebar .sp_difficult_box{border-right:1px solid #f3f3f3}#sidebar .sp_difficult_box{padding:10px;text-align:center}#sidebar .helpful_sidebox .sp_star_section_upper,#sidebar .helpful_sidebox .sp_helpful_lower{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}#sidebar .helpful_sidebox .sp_helpful_lower{padding-left:10px}#sidebar .helpful_sidebox .sp_star_container{height:26px;width:26px}#sidebar .sp_top_box{padding:10px;position:relative;background-color:#f0f5ec;border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;border:1px solid #ECEBE8}#sidebar .ar_avatar.generic{border:2px solid #708461}#sidebar .sp_expert_name a{color:#545454}#sidebar .sp_expert_blurb{font-size:12px}#sidebar #social_proof{font-size:11px;line-height:normal;color:#212121;margin:3px 0 30px 0;padding:0 0 5px 0;list-style:none}#sidebar #social_proof li{margin:0 10px 0 0;float:left;line-height:15px;color:#767676}#sidebar #sp_modified{display:inline-block;min-width:70px}#sidebar .sp_circle{border-radius:50%;width:15px;height:15px;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin-right:3px;float:left}#sidebar .sp_updated_icon{ background-image:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA8AAAAPCAQAAACR313BAAABFElEQVQY00WQwS5DURRFLzGX+ARhLjEUHyG+QvyAmHUmxv6BmJhI/ILeu55HGkUrDSJiQrVoFK/L4LaRMznZ62SffU4gjGuBXdpU9DlhnZmsZjTNBg+IySQy5IiFf7yHGMXCYtzxyHLGmxm27fvtj+/eGk3SYC6wSAejT2rlwIGV+pQdtgM7GG2pQ5smk02/1JZRCLSx7qt65amIp16rXaN0Q6pKr/2ysmVpTl/666dJRiH1Cl9U7VmaxOiFIz9MMgwcJ/HVnmcmsW70eRKuE1jjM1lYmMTSjl11kJ32A4GDvBGjTUdq34ZRflgNBOa5Zxzq3DtvTPnq2uSpS1xOBuoZVdSYmuDALFuc8caIIQ8cspL1P0dFas6MaYbtAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)}#sidebar .sp_updated_icon_sidebar{margin:14px auto 5px auto;position:absolute;left:-2px;right:0;width:22px;height:20px;background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_icon_sidebar.png);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='37.593' height='33.009' viewBox='0 0 37.593 33.009'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23FFF' d='M21.089 33.009v-5c6.344 0 11.504-5.161 11.504-11.504S27.433 5 21.089 5 9.584 10.161 9.584 16.504c0 .541.038 1.084.112 1.614l-4.951.694a16.776 16.776 0 0 1-.161-2.309C4.584 7.404 11.988 0 21.089 0s16.504 7.404 16.504 16.504-7.404 16.505-16.504 16.505z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%23FFF' d='M14.169 17.468l-7.085 7%0A.084L0 17.468z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-size:cover}#sidebar .sp_text{line-height:17px;font-weight:normal;padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;font-size:11px}#sidebar .sp_thin_box .sp_text{display:table-cell;padding:8px 3.5%;vertical-align:top}#sidebar .sp_thin_box .sp_text:first-child{width:26%;padding-left:6.5%}#sidebar .sp_thin_box .sp_text:nth-child(2){width:28%}#sidebar .sp_thin_box .sp_text:last-child{width:22%}#sidebar .sp_thin_box .sp_text,#sidebar .sp_thin_box .sp_text a{color:#595959}#sidebar .sp_thin_box .sp_text_data{display:block;color:#545454}#sidebar .sp_text_data{font-size:12px;font-weight:bold}#sidebar .sp_stats_box.sp_thin_box{width:100%;float:none}#sidebar #sp_stats_sidebox{padding:5px 0}#sidebar #sp_stats_sidebox .sp_text_data{font-size:13px}#sidebar .sp_edit_icon{ background-image:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA8AAAAPCAQAAACR313BAAAA6ElEQVQY01XQMUoDYRCG4VHsBY8gsRcsxUOIpxAvIHbpxNo7KDY2gmcw+yaKIijB1YQEG9EkKhgk+1r8WbOZr5uHGYYJYpoaR7SZMOKSHZZSN9Eiu3TxP2POqc34uEI2bIj02Ei8V8Ur2z6ZidyxEqyRVzG3UHtpw0FwWMVnC1WHaZ6gPcMXU317m/gjmJQHdab45U1aLUUwRMzsT/HT6xJlHFxgwwf7/qgjWzOUPNjmO/PVR3MH8ygnQXCa+e6bbZvpoDK/bAXBKp2mmM2j1MunrnPPPE2os1BysMw+LQYUjOlyxmbq/wEA8mibiYqo7QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)}#sidebar .sp_edit_icon_sidebar{margin:15px auto 5px auto;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;width:18px;height:18px;background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_edit_icon_sidebar.png); background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='19.813' height='19.82' viewBox='0 0 19.813 19.82'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23FFF' d='M19.801 4.792l-6.398 6.397L6.042 18.5 0 19.82l1.269-6.092 7.362-7.311L15.028.02s1.371-.305 3.199 1.523c1.828 1.877 1.574 3.249 1.574 3.249zM6.296 17.18s-.051-1.117-1.32-2.386c-1.219-1.269-2.387-1.269-2.387-1.269l-.558.609-.457 2.031c.355.203.761.457 1.167.863.457.457.711.812.914 1.219l2.031-.457.61-.61z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-size:cover}#sidebar #sp_section_name{color:#545454;font-size:11px;padding-bottom:6px}#sidebar .sp_nonverifier_text > div{font-size:13px}#sidebar .sp_popup_container{top:110px;left:-20px;position:absolute;z-index:100000007;display:none}#sidebar .hint_box{min-width:150px;max-width:180px;position:relative;background:#FFF;border:3px solid;border-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.13);border-radius:4px;font-weight:normal;padding:9px;-moz-background-clip:padding; -webkit-background-clip:padding; background-clip:padding-box}#sidebar .hint_box p{font-size:12px;line-height:normal;margin:0;text-align:left}#sidebar .hint_box:after,#sidebar .hint_box:before{left:50%;border:solid transparent;content:" ";height:0;width:0;position:absolute;pointer-events:none}#sidebar .hint_box:after{top:-19px;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);border-bottom-color:#FFF;border-width:10px;margin-left:-10px}#sidebar .hint_box:before{top:-24px;border-bottom-color:#d5d5d5;border-width:12px;margin-left:-12px;-moz-background-clip:padding; -webkit-background-clip:padding; background-clip:padding-box}#sidebar .noarrow:after,#sidebar .noarrow:before{display:none}#sidebar .sp_helpful_rating_count,#sidebar #sp_helpful_text_sidebox{font-size:11px;font-weight:normal;color:#595959}#sidebar #sp_helpful_text_sidebox{margin-top:5px}#sidebar .helpfulness_text{font-size:12px;color:#545454;padding:4px 0 8px}#sidebar .sp_star_container{position:relative;width:21px;height:21px;float:left;border-right:2px solid transparent; background-image:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_helpful_icon_star_empty.optimized.svg) 0 0 cover no-repeat}#sidebar .social_sidebox{background-color:#FFF;padding:0}#sidebar .social_sidebox h3{margin:0;text-align:left;font-size:11px;background-color:#f6f5f4;padding:4px 1em;width:inherit;-moz-border-radius-topright:4px;-moz-border-radius-topleft:4px;-webkit-border-top-left-radius:4px;-webkit-border-top-right-radius:4px;top-left-border-radius:4px;border-top-right-radius:4px}#sidebar .sp_helpful_box.helpful_sidebox{float:none;border-right:none;width:auto;height:auto;padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #e7e7e7}#sidebar .sp_helpful_statement{font-size:13px;margin-bottom:5px}#sidebar .sp_helpful_statement span{font-size:18px;font-weight:bold}#sidebar #sp_icon_header{background-color:#7fa065;color:#FFF;font-size:16px;font-weight:bold;padding:8px 25px}#sidebar #byline_hover_body{padding:10px 25px}#sidebar #byline_hover_body a{font-weight:bold}#sidebar #byline_hover_body .sp_expert_icon{width:20px;height:20px;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-4px}#sidebar #side_related_articles{padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:8px}#sidebar #side_related_articles_larger .related-article{width:100%;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:4%}#sidebar #side_related_articles .related-article{margin-right:4%;margin-bottom:10px;width:45%}#sidebar #side_related_articles .related-title{bottom:4px}#sidebar .rr_container #side_related_articles{margin-top:10px;width:300px;box-sizing:border-box}#sidebar .rr_container{padding-bottom:15px;position:relative}#sidebar .rr_container.nofixed .w_label{background-color:#ecebe8}#sidebar #userreviews{line-height:normal;margin:3px 0 15px 0;padding:0;color:#686868;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;position:relative;background-color:white;max-width:300px}#sidebar .ur_review{margin-bottom:1px;background-color:#fff;padding:15px 20px;border-radius:4px}#sidebar .ur_review_text{position:relative;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;color:#545454;margin-top:7px}#sidebar .ur_nav_container{background-color:#FFF;margin-top:-6px;padding:0px 20px 15px;min-height:1em;border-radius:0 0 4px 4px}#sidebar .ur_share{float:right;font-weight:normal}#sidebar .ur_share_recipes{display:block;font-size:15px;font-weight:bold}#sidebar .ur_nav{display:block}#sidebar .ur_nav_staff{display:block;background:#f3f3f3;padding:5px}#sidebar .ur_even_more{display:none}#sidebar .ur_hide{display:none}#sidebar .ur_author .ur_name{font-size:13px;color:#545454;font-weight:bold}#sidebar .ur_review .ur_date{font-size:11px;color:#9c9c9c}#sidebar .ur_review p{margin-top:0px}#sidebar .ur_avatar{width:36px;height:36px;display:inline-block;border-radius:16%;margin-right:5px;vertical-align:bottom;overflow:hidden}#sidebar #sidebar_share{text-align:center}#sidebar #sidebar_share h3{text-align:left;padding-bottom:5px}#sidebar #sidebar_share > div{display:inline-block;vertical-align:bottom;margin-right:10px}#sidebar #sidebar_share > div.admin_state{margin:0px 3px -4px -1px}#sidebar #sidebar_share div.like_button{margin-bottom:-8px}#sidebar #sidebar_share div.like_button_es{margin-right:0px}#sidebar #sidebar_share #pinterest{margin-right:3px}#sidebar #sidebar_share #pinterest a{ direction:ltr}#sidebar #sidebar_share div.email_share{margin-left:4px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:-6px}#sidebar #sidebar_share div.email_share a{display:inline-block;position:relative;z-index:10}#sidebar #sidebar_share div.email_share img{cursor:pointer}#sidebar .fb_iframe_widget iframe{width:auto;position:absolute}#userreviews_mobile{display:none}#aboutthisarticle > .section_text,#aboutthisarticle .sp_top_box,#aboutthisarticle #sp_expert_desc,#aboutthisarticle .sp_box{padding:15px 26px}#aboutthisarticle .sp_difficult_box{padding:15px 0 0}#aboutthisarticle .sp_top_icon_bg{left:26px}#aboutthisarticle #endoptions{border-radius:0}#aboutthisarticle .page_stats{font-size:1.1em;padding:1.6em 26px}#aboutthisarticle #summary_text{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0}.no_sidebar #content_inner{float:none;max-width:1050px}#content_inner{float:left}.full_width #content_wrapper,.full_width #content_inner{max-width:initial}#footer_inner{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr;max-width:1070px;align-items:start;margin-top:10px;column-gap:2%}.footer_divider,#footer_logo,#footer_crumbs{grid-column:span 2}#footer_top_divider{display:initial}#footer_bottom_divider{display:none}#footer_vertical_divider{display:none}#search_footer{grid-column:1 / 1;grid-row:span 1;min-width:265px;width:100%}#footer_links{grid-column:2 / span 1;grid-row:span 2;margin:0 0 0 50px;padding-left:1em;text-align:center}#footer_links ul{margin-top:-5px;-webkit-columns:2;-moz-columns:2;columns:2;-webkit-column-gap:.5em;-moz-column-gap:.5em;column-gap:.5em;margin-right:0}#footer_links li{margin-right:25px}.steps_list_2 .mwimg.largeimage{margin-bottom:20px}#qa .wh_ad_inner{margin-left:-26px;width:728px}#side_featured_articles .text{background-color:rgba(50,50,50,0.5);padding:2% 4%;width:92.75%;min-height:32px;position:absolute;bottom:0;cursor:pointer;color:#fff;font-weight:bold}#side_featured_articles .text:hover{background:white}#side_featured_contributor .bottom_button{text-align:center}#side_featured_contributor .bottom_button .button{margin:.1em 0;display:inline-block}#fc_id_img{float:left;margin-right:.8em}.thumbnail a:hover p{color:#2483ef}.sidebox .thumbnail p{font-size:12px !important}.sidebox .thumbnail p span{font-size:13px !important}#gdpr{padding-top:5px;padding-bottom:5px}#gdpr_text{font-size:13px;margin-left:-85px}#gdpr_cp_link{top:0px}.s-help-response{padding-left:10px;cursor:pointer;border:none;font-size:16px;font-family:Helvetica,arial,sans-serif;color:#363;background:none}.s-help-wrap{position:relative;width:50%;top:25%;left:25%;right:25%;display:block;background-color:#fff;padding:0 20px 15px 15px;border:1px solid #93b874;border-top:none}.s-help-response:hover{text-decoration:underline;background-color:inherit;border:none}#introad-outer > .gptlight{width:728px;height:90px}.s-help-wrap > .s-help-feedback-wrap{padding-bottom:30px}.s-help-feedback-wrap{display:none}#sample_loading{display:initial}#footer_newsletter{display:initial;margin:-25px 0 0 40px;min-width:200px;grid-row:2 / span 4;text-align:left}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_title{font-size:18px}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_email{box-sizing:initial;padding:5px 10px;font-size:14px;width:170px;border-radius:5px}#footer_newsletter a#footer_subscribe_button{box-sizing:initial;margin:initial;padding:2px 5px;border-radius:5px;font-size:initial;width:182px}#footer_newsletter #footer_subscribe_notice{width:180px;margin:5px 0;font-size:12px}}@media only screen and (min-width:1020px){.header #actions li .nav{font-size:10px}}@media only screen and (min-width:1020px){.menu.explore_menu{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}.explore_menu .menuitem,.explore_menu .menuitem.top_cat{width:218px}}.commonquestions.section .altblock{background:#93b874 url(/extensions/wikihow/qa/widget/assets/qa_question_circle.png?504dc) center / 32px no-repeat;background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox=%220 0 32 32%22 xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22%3E%3Cg fill=%22none%22 fill-rule=%22evenodd%22%3E%3Ccircle stroke=%22%23FFFFFF%22 stroke-width=%222%22 cx=%2216%22 cy=%2216%22 r=%2215%22/%3E%3Cpath d=%22M15.408 22.75h1.484a1 1 0 0 1 1 1V25a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-1.484a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-1.25a1 1 0 0 1 1-1zm-5.134-9.412c0-.953.143-1.82.429-2.6a5.521 5.521 0 0 1 1.248-2.002 5.618 5.618 0 0 1 1.976-1.287c.771-.303 1.634-.455 2.587-.455a6.83 6.83 0 0 1 2.223.351 5.363 5.363 0 0 1 1.794 1.014c.511.442.914.992 1.209 1.651.295.659.442 1.404.442 2.236 0 .607-.065 1.131-.195 1.573-.13.442-.303.823-.52 1.144-.217.32-.464.607-.741.858-.277.251-.555.498-.832.741-.33.277-.633.546-.91.806s-.52.55-.728.871c-.208.32-.368.698-.481 1.131-.113.433-.169.962-.169 1.586h-2.808c0-.763.039-1.408.117-1.937.078-.529.204-.992.377-1.391.173-.399.386-.75.637-1.053.251-.303.55-.602.897-.897.277-.243.542-.468.793-.676.251-.208.477-.438.676-.689.2-.251.355-.533.468-.845.113-.312.169-.685.169-1.118 0-.52-.091-.966-.273-1.339a2.781 2.781 0 0 0-.663-.897 2.579 2.579 0 0 0-.832-.494 2.387 2.387 0 0 0-.78-.156c-1.075 0-1.868.351-2.379 1.053-.511.702-.767 1.642-.767 2.821h-2.964z%22 fill=%22%23FFFFFF%22 fill-rule=%22nonzero%22/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E)}</style> <script>window.WH.proMembership=0;</script> <style>.ntoc_anchor{position:relative;top:-59px;visibility:hidden}#intro #inline_toc .toc_ul{display:inline;list-style:none;padding:0}#intro #inline_toc{font-size:14px;line-height:24px;padding-bottom:10px}#intro #inline_toc a{font-weight:bold}#intro #inline_toc .toc_li{font-size:14px;display:inline;margin-bottom:0}#intro #inline_toc .separator{color:#999;padding-left:2px;padding-right:5px}#intro #inline_toc button{border:0;border-radius:0;color:#307530;background-color:transparent;font-size:inherit;font-weight:bold;padding:0;text-align:left;position:relative;padding-left:5px;margin-right:0}#intro #inline_toc button.initial{display:none}#intro #inline_toc button span{font-weight:normal;color:#999;padding-right:6px}#intro #inline_toc .toc_toggle_text{color:#307530;font-weight:bold}#intro #inline_toc .toc_toggle_text:hover{text-decoration:underline}#intro #inline_toc .overflow_item{display:none}#intro #inline_toc.showall .overflow_item{display:inline}#intro #inline_toc #summaryvideo_toc a span{display:none}</style> <script>window.WH.pageName='Schedule-a-Text'; window.WH.pageID=14385787; window.WH.pageNamespace=0; window.WH.pageLang='en'; window.WH.isMobile=1; window.WH.stuCount=1; window.WH.isAltDomain=0; window.WH.topCat1='Computers and Electronics'; window.WH.topCat2='Education and Communications'; window.WH.bucket=12; window.WH.isDev=0; window.WH.shaEmail=''; window.WH.isAnon=1 == 1; window.WH.userType='anon'; window.WH.isUserWithAds=0 == 1; window.WH.wgCategories=["Featured Articles","Texting"];</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/> <meta property="og:title" content="How to Schedule a Text on Android & iOS: Step-by-Step Guide"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.wikihow.com/Schedule-a-Text"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="wikiHow"/> <meta property="og:description" content="A complete guide to sending scheduled messagesHave you ever wondered if you can schedule a text on your phone, similar to how you can schedule an email or social media post? The answer is yes—but the process varies quite a bit depending on..."/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.wikihow.com/images/c/c9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg"/> <meta property="og:image:width" content="3333"/> <meta property="og:image:height" content="2498"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="https://www.wikihow.com/images/c/c9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@wikihow"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="A complete guide to sending scheduled messagesHave you ever wondered if you can schedule a text on your phone, similar to how you can schedule an email or social media post? The answer is yes—but the process varies quite a bit depending on..."/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="How to Schedule a Text on Android & iOS: Step-by-Step Guide"/> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.wikihow.com/Schedule-a-Text"/> <meta name="twitter:app:name:iphone" content="wikiHow"/> <meta name="twitter:app:id:iphone" content="309209200"/> <meta name="twitter:app:url:iphone" content="wikihow://article?id=14385787"/> <script>window.whadconfig = {"gamconfig":{"pagetype":"sections"},"prebidCPM":{"triplelift":0.97,"pubmatic":0.96,"ix":0.96,"amx":0.95,"yahooAds":0.98,"appnexus":0.95,"sharethrough":0.97,"openx":0.95,"verizonmedia":0.92,"rubicon":0.97,"shemedia":0.48,"rise":0.98,"grid":0.98,"medianet":0.9,"yieldmo":0.94},"answerbox":true};</script><style>@media only screen and (max-width:728px){.wh_ad_inner{text-align:center}#intro .wh_ad_intl.wh_ad_inner{min-height:100px}#intro .wh_ad_tude_no_adsense.wh_ad_inner{min-height:100px}}@media only screen and (min-width:728px){.wh_ad_intl #intro_ad_1{height:90px}.wh_ad_tude_no_adsense #intro_ad_1{height:90px}.section .wh_ad_inner.dfpsmall{width:inherit;height:inherit}#intro .wh_ad_intl.wh_ad_inner{min-height:unset}.wh_ad_inner .medium_a{text-align:center}#promopair_ad_1.medium_a{text-align:start}.wh_ad_inner #tips_ad_1.medium_a{text-align:start}}</style><script type="text/javascript">window.tude = window.tude || { cmd: [] };</script><script async src="https://dn0qt3r0xannq.cloudfront.net/wikihow-U9vUCixaae/wikihow-longform/prebid-load.js"></script><script>window.abgSmall = true;window.abgLarge = true;window.fcdomain = true;window.gamintro = false;window.dfpOnLoad = false;window.affpage = false;window.dfpSmall = true;window.dfpMedium = true;window.dfpLarge = true;window.apsVideo = false;window.dfpPageType = 'article';window.dfpCategory = "education_and_communications";window.iabCat = ["5S2VRK","1017","1216","1022","420","619"];window.iabCatTax = 7;window.iabUserId = 'l9d60yGwqdy9998yJYru';window.iabUserKeywords = 'education_and_communications';window.sendAffiliateTargeting = true;window.nlpCategory = '/Internet & Telecom/Mobile & Wireless/Mobile Apps & Add-Ons';window.isCoppa = 'false'; </script><script>!WH.shared.isTest("aditudeNoAdsense")&&(WH.shared.isLargeSize&&window.abgLarge||WH.shared.isSmallSize&&window.abgSmall||WH.shared.isMedSize)&&function(){var a=document.createElement("script");a.async=!0;a.type="text/javascript";a.src=("https:"==document.location.protocol?"https:":"http:")+"//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js";var b=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];b.parentNode.insertBefore(a,b)}();if(WH.shared.isLargeSize){(function(){var abgs=document.createElement('script');abgs.async=!0;abgs.type='text/javascript';var useSSL='https:'==document.location.protocol;abgs.src=(useSSL?'https:':'http:')+'//www.google.com/adsense/search/ads.js';var node=document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];node.parentNode.insertBefore(abgs,node);})();(function(g,o){g[o]=g[o]||function(){(g[o]['q']=g[o]['q']||[]).push(arguments)},g[o]['t']=1*new Date})(window,'_googCsa');}window.ccpaOut=0<=document.cookie.indexOf("ccpa_out=");function setDFPTargeting(a,b){b=b[a. getAdUnitPath()];for(var c in b)a.setTargeting(c,b[c]);c=WH.bucket;10>c&&(c="0"+c);a.setTargeting("bucket",c);window.sendAffiliateTargeting&&(c="false","undefined"!=typeof window.WH&&1==window.WH.isaffiliatelocation&&(c="true"),a.setTargeting("affiliate",c));a.setTargeting("language",WH.pageLang);a.setTargeting("site",window.location.hostname);a.setTargeting("coppa",window.isCoppa);window.nlpCategory&&a.setTargeting("nlp_category",window.nlpCategory);dfpCategory&&""!=dfpCategory&&a.setTargeting("category",window.dfpCategory)}var gptAddedToPage=!1;function loadGPT(){if(!WH.shared.isTest("aditude")&&!WH.shared.isTest("freestar")&&1!=gptAddedToPage){if(!WH.shared.isTest("webvitalsINP")){var a=document.createElement("script");a.async=!0;a.type="text/javascript";a.src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js";var b=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];b.parentNode.insertBefore(a,b)}gptAddedToPage=window.dfprequested=!0}}if(WH.shared.isLargeSize&&window.dfpLarge||WH.shared .isMedSize&&window.dfpMedium||WH.shared.isSmallSize&&window.dfpSmall)loadGPT(),window.googletag=window.googletag||{},window.googletag.cmd=window.googletag.cmd||[],window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){"true"==window.isCoppa&&window.googletag.pubads().setTagForChildDirectedTreatment(1);window.googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();window.googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad();var a=window.location.href;"quiz"!=window.whadconfig.gamconfig.pagetype&&!WH.isINPTest&&!WH.shared.isTest("freestar")&&a&&0>a.indexOf("showemptyads=1")&&window.googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs();window.googletag.enableServices();if(WH.shared.isLargeSize||!WH.isINPTest)window.googletag.pubads().addEventListener("slotRenderEnded",function(a){WH.ads&&WH.ads.slotRendered(a.slot,a.size,a)}),window.googletag.pubads().addEventListener("impressionViewable",function(a){WH.ads&&WH.ads.impressionViewable(a.slot)});window.ccpaOut&&window.googletag.pubads().setPrivacySettings({restrictDataProcessing:!0})});function tryLoadingGAM(){if(1!=window.dfprequested){var a=!1;"undefined"!==typeof WH.gdpr&&WH.gdpr.isEULocation()&&(a=!0);var b=!1;window.fcdomain&&a&&(b=!0);1==b&&loadGPT()}}tryLoadingGAM();function isCCPALocation(){var b=("; "+document.cookie).split("; vr="),a=null;2==b.length&&(a=b.pop().split(";").shift());return"US-CA"==a||WH.shared.isTest("googlefcCCPA")&&("US-CO"==a||"US-CT"==a||"US-DE"==a||"US-IA"==a||"US-MT"==a||"US-NE"==a||"US-NH"==a||"US-NJ"==a||"US-OR"==a||"US-TX"==a||"US-UT"==a||"US-VA"==a)?!0:!1}function loadAps(){!function(a,b,c,f,g,d,e){b[a]||(b[a]={init:function(){b[a]._Q.push(["i",arguments])},fetchBids:function(){b[a]._Q.push(["f",arguments])},setDisplayBids:function(){},targetingKeys:function(){return[]},_Q:[]},d=c.createElement(f),d.async=!0,d.src=g,e=c.getElementsByTagName(f)[0],e.parentNode.insertBefore(d,e))}("apstag",window,document,"script","//c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js");var b=null;isCCPALocation()&&(b="1YN");var a=document.cookie.indexOf("ccpa_out=");0<=a&& (b="1YYN");var c={ortb2:{site:{name:"wikiHow",cat:window.iabCat,cattax:window.iabCatTax,domain:"www.wikihow.com",content:{},ext:{data:{page:"article"}}},user:{id:window.iabUserId,keywords:window.iabUserKeywords}}};WH.shared.isTest("amazonSignalsSiteKeywords")?c.ortb2.site.keywords=window.iabUserKeywords:c.ortb2.user.keywords=window.iabUserKeywords;b&&0<=a?window.apsVideo?apstag.init({pubID:"3271",adServer:"googletag",videoAdServer:"DFP",us_privacy:b}):WH.shared.isTest("apsSignals")?(console.log("aps using signals data and privacyValue",c),apstag.init({pubID:"3271",signals:c,adServer:"googletag",us_privacy:b})):apstag.init({pubID:"3271",adServer:"googletag",us_privacy:b}):b?window.apsVideo?apstag.init({pubID:"3271",adServer:"googletag",videoAdServer:"DFP",aps_privacy:b}):WH.shared.isTest("apsSignals")?(console.log("aps using signals data and privacyValue",c),apstag.init({pubID:"3271",signals:c,adServer:"googletag",aps_privacy:b})):apstag.init({pubID:"3271",adServer:"googletag", aps_privacy:b}):window.apsVideo?apstag.init({pubID:"3271",adServer:"googletag",videoAdServer:"DFP"}):WH.shared.isTest("apsSignals")?(console.log("aps using signals data",c),apstag.init({pubID:"3271",signals:c,adServer:"googletag"})):apstag.init({pubID:"3271",adServer:"googletag"})}function tryLoadingTAM(){var b=!1;"undefined"!==typeof WH.gdpr&&WH.gdpr.isEULocation()&&(b=!0);var a=!1;window.fcdomain&&b&&(a=!0);var c=!1;b||(c=!0);a&&(c=!0);WH.shared.isTest("aditude")&&(c=!1);WH.shared.isTest("freestar")&&(c=!1);"true"==window.isCoppa&&(c=!1);0!=c&&(!WH.isINPTest&&WH.shared.isSmallSize&&"IntersectionObserver"in window?(window.googletag=window.googletag||{},window.googletag.cmd=window.googletag.cmd||[],window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){loadAps()})):loadAps())}tryLoadingTAM();</script><style>.w_label:before{content:'Advertisement';}</style> <script>(function(){var wh=window.WH=(window.WH||{}),ok=typeof window.addEventListener=='function',d=document,e='event_tracker_ready';wh.largeEvent=function(z,y){ok&&d.addEventListener(e,function(){wh.largeEvent(z,y)})};wh.event=function(z,y){ok&&d.addEventListener(e,function(){wh.event(z,y)})} wh.largeEventView=function(z,y,x,w,v,u){ok&&d.addEventListener(e,function(){wh.largeEventView(z,y,x,w,v,u)})};wh.eventView=function(z,y,x,w,v,u){ok&&d.addEventListener(e,function(){wh.eventView(z,y,x,w,v,u)})}})();</script> <!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=html5shiv&only=scripts&siterev=knjZV&skin=wh&sync=1"></script><![endif]--> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Schedule_a_Text rootpage-Schedule_a_Text stable skin-minervawh action-view contribute_test0"><script>var dfpKeyVals = []; </script><script>WH.gaType = "mobile"; WH.gaID = "UA-2375655-1"; WH.gaConfig = {"extraPropertyIds":[],"v4PropertyId":null,"mainv4PropertyId":"G-YQL08635YN"}; </script><div id="header_container" class="header_container" data-responsive="1"><a id="skip-main" tabindex="1">Skip to Content</a><div id="header" class="header love_button" role="navigation"><a href="#" title="Open main menu" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" class="mainmenu element main-menu-button"></a><div id="hamburger_dot"></div><div id="wikilove_header"><a id="wikilove_button" class="button" href="/Quizzes">Quizzes</a></div><a id="header_logo" href="/Main-Page"></a><div id="hs" class="hs_notif"><form action="/wikiHowTo" class="search" target="_top" id="search_form_top"><input id="hs_query" role="textbox" tabindex="0" name="search" aria-label="Search here" required="" placeholder="" x-webkit-speech=""><button type="submit" id="hs_submit" name="Search"></button><div id="hs_close" role="button" tabindex="-1"></div></form></div><ul id="actions" role="menubar" aria-label="Header navigation"><li id="nav_pro_li" class="nav_item" role="menuitem" aria-labelledby="nav_pro"><div class="nav_icon"></div><div class="red_dot"></div><a id="nav_pro" class="nav" aria-expanded="false" href="#"><div class="label">PRO</div></a><div class="menu" role="menu"> <a href="/Course/Explore" data-type="Courses" class="menuitem " > Courses </a> <a href="/Guides" data-type="Guides" class="menuitem " > Guides <span class="new_bubble">New</span> </a> <a href="/Tech-Help-Pro" data-type="Tech Help Pro" class="menuitem " > Tech Help Pro </a> <a href="/wikiHow:Videos-wikiHowPro" data-type="Expert Videos" class="menuitem " > Expert Videos </a> <a href="/Pro" data-type="About wikiHow Pro" class="menuitem " > About wikiHow Pro </a> <a href="#wh-dialog-pro" data-type="Upgrade" class="menuitem upgrade" rel=nofollow> Upgrade </a> <a href="#wh-dialog-login" data-type="Sign In" class="menuitem sign_in" rel=nofollow> Sign In </a> </div> </li><li id="nav_quizzes_li" class="nav_item" role="menuitem" aria-labelledby="nav_quizzes"><div class="nav_icon"></div><a id="nav_quizzes" class="nav" aria-expanded="false" href="/Quizzes" data-link="/Quizzes">QUIZZES</a></li><li id="nav_edit_li" class="nav_item" role="menuitem" aria-labelledby="nav_edit"><div class="nav_icon"></div><a id="nav_edit" class="nav" aria-expanded="false" href="#wh-dialog-edit" rel="nofollow">EDIT</a><div class="menu" role="menu"> <a href="#wh-dialog-edit" data-type="Edit this Article" class="menuitem " rel=nofollow> Edit this Article </a> </div> </li><li id="nav_explore_li" class="nav_item" role="menuitem" aria-labelledby="nav_explore"><div class="nav_icon"></div><a id="nav_explore" class="nav" aria-expanded="false" href="#">EXPLORE</a><div class="menu explore_menu" role="menu"> <div class="explore_menu_line top_menu_section"> <a href="/Tech-Help-Pro" class="menuitem" data-type="Tech Help Pro">Tech Help Pro</a><a href="/wikiHow:About-wikiHow" class="menuitem" data-type="About Us">About Us</a><a href="/Special:Randomizer" class="menuitem" data-type="Random Article">Random Article</a><a href="/Quizzes" class="menuitem top_cat_new top_cat_new_short" data-type="Quizzes">Quizzes</a> </div> <div class="explore_menu_line top_menu_section"> <a href="/Special:RequestTopic" class="menuitem" data-type="Request a New Article">Request a New Article</a><a href="/Special:CommunityDashboard" class="menuitem" data-type="Community Dashboard">Community Dashboard</a><a href="/Games/This-Or-That" class="menuitem" data-type="This Or That Game">This Or That Game</a><a href="/Forums" class="menuitem" data-type="Forums">Forums</a> </div> <div class="explore_menu_line section_name_line"> <a data-type="Popular Categories" href="/Special:CategoryListing" class="menuitem">Popular Categories</a> </div> <div class="explore_menu_line subcat_menu_section"> <div class="menuitem"><a href="/Category:Arts-and-Entertainment" data-type="Arts and Entertainment" class="menu_item_sub">Arts and Entertainment</a><a href="/Category:Artwork" data-type="Artwork" class="menu_item_sub">Artwork</a><a href="/Category:Books" data-type="Books" class="menu_item_sub">Books</a><a href="/Category:Movies" data-type="Movies" class="menu_item_sub">Movies</a></div><div class="menuitem"><a href="/Category:Computers-and-Electronics" data-type="Computers and Electronics" class="menu_item_sub">Computers and Electronics</a><a href="/Category:Computers" data-type="Computers" class="menu_item_sub">Computers</a><a href="/Category:Phone-Skills" data-type="Phone Skills" class="menu_item_sub">Phone Skills</a><a href="/Category:Technology-Hacks" data-type="Technology Hacks" class="menu_item_sub">Technology Hacks</a></div><div class="menuitem"><a href="/Category:Health" data-type="Health" class="menu_item_sub">Health</a><a href="/Category:Men%27s-Health" data-type="Men's Health" class="menu_item_sub">Men's Health</a><a href="/Category:Psychological-Health" data-type="Mental Health" class="menu_item_sub">Mental Health</a><a href="/Category:Women%E2%80%99s-Health" data-type="Women's Health" class="menu_item_sub">Women's Health</a></div><div class="menuitem"><a href="/Category:Relationships" data-type="Relationships" class="menu_item_sub">Relationships</a><a href="/Category:Dating" data-type="Dating" class="menu_item_sub">Dating</a><a href="/Category:Love" data-type="Love" class="menu_item_sub">Love</a><a href="/Category:Relationship-Issues" data-type="Relationship Issues" class="menu_item_sub">Relationship Issues</a></div> </div> <div class="explore_menu_line subcat_menu_section"> <div class="menuitem"><a href="/Category:Hobbies-and-Crafts" data-type="Hobbies and Crafts" class="menu_item_sub">Hobbies and Crafts</a><a href="/Category:Crafts" data-type="Crafts" class="menu_item_sub">Crafts</a><a href="/Category:Drawing" data-type="Drawing" class="menu_item_sub">Drawing</a><a href="/Category:Games" data-type="Games" class="menu_item_sub">Games</a></div><div class="menuitem"><a href="/Category:Education-and-Communications" data-type="Education & Communication" class="menu_item_sub">Education & Communication</a><a href="/Category:Communication-Skills" data-type="Communication Skills" class="menu_item_sub">Communication Skills</a><a href="/Category:Personal-Development" data-type="Personal Development" class="menu_item_sub">Personal Development</a><a href="/Category:Studying" data-type="Studying" class="menu_item_sub">Studying</a></div><div class="menuitem"><a href="/Category:Personal-Care-and-Style" data-type="Personal Care and Style" class="menu_item_sub">Personal Care and Style</a><a href="/Category:Fashion" data-type="Fashion" class="menu_item_sub">Fashion</a><a href="/Category:Hair-Care" data-type="Hair Care" class="menu_item_sub">Hair Care</a><a href="/Category:Personal-Hygiene" data-type="Personal Hygiene" class="menu_item_sub">Personal Hygiene</a></div><div class="menuitem"><a href="/Category:Youth" data-type="Youth" class="menu_item_sub">Youth</a><a href="/Category:Personal-Care-for-Youth" data-type="Personal Care" class="menu_item_sub">Personal Care</a><a href="/Category:School-Stuff" data-type="School Stuff" class="menu_item_sub">School Stuff</a><a href="/Category:Dating" data-type="Dating" class="menu_item_sub">Dating</a></div> </div> <div class="explore_menu_line section_name_line"> <a data-type="All Categories" href="/Special:CategoryListing#AllCategories" class="menuitem">All Categories</a> </div> <div class="explore_menu_line cat_menu_section"> <a data-type="Arts and Entertainment" href="/Category:Arts-and-Entertainment" class="menuitem top_cat">Arts and Entertainment</a><a data-type="Finance and Business" href="/Category:Finance-and-Business" class="menuitem top_cat">Finance and Business</a><a data-type="Home and Garden" href="/Category:Home-and-Garden" class="menuitem top_cat">Home and Garden</a><a data-type="Relationship Quizzes" href="/Relationships#Quizzes" class="menuitem top_cat">Relationship Quizzes</a> </div> <div class="explore_menu_line cat_menu_section"> <a data-type="Cars & Other Vehicles" href="/Category:Cars-%26-Other-Vehicles" class="menuitem top_cat">Cars & Other Vehicles</a><a data-type="Food and Entertaining" href="/Category:Food-and-Entertaining" class="menuitem top_cat">Food and Entertaining</a><a data-type="Personal Care and Style" href="/Category:Personal-Care-and-Style" class="menuitem top_cat">Personal Care and Style</a><a data-type="Sports and Fitness" href="/Category:Sports-and-Fitness" class="menuitem top_cat">Sports and Fitness</a> </div> <div class="explore_menu_line cat_menu_section"> <a data-type="Computers and Electronics" href="/Category:Computers-and-Electronics" class="menuitem top_cat">Computers and Electronics</a><a data-type="Health" href="/Category:Health" class="menuitem top_cat">Health</a><a data-type="Pets and Animals" href="/Category:Pets-and-Animals" class="menuitem top_cat">Pets and Animals</a><a data-type="Travel" href="/Category:Travel" class="menuitem top_cat">Travel</a> </div> <div class="explore_menu_line cat_menu_section"> <a data-type="Education & Communication" href="/Category:Education-and-Communications" class="menuitem top_cat">Education & Communication</a><a data-type="Hobbies and Crafts" href="/Category:Hobbies-and-Crafts" class="menuitem top_cat">Hobbies and Crafts</a><a data-type="Philosophy and Religion" href="/Category:Philosophy-and-Religion" class="menuitem top_cat">Philosophy and Religion</a><a data-type="Work World" href="/Category:Work-World" class="menuitem top_cat">Work World</a> </div> <div class="explore_menu_line cat_menu_section"> <a data-type="Family Life" href="/Category:Family-Life" class="menuitem top_cat">Family Life</a><a data-type="Holidays and Traditions" href="/Category:Holidays-and-Traditions" class="menuitem top_cat">Holidays and Traditions</a><a data-type="Relationships" href="/Category:Relationships" class="menuitem top_cat">Relationships</a><a data-type="Youth" href="/Category:Youth" class="menuitem top_cat">Youth</a> </div> </div> </li><li id="nav_profile_li" class="nav_item" role="menuitem" aria-labelledby="nav_profile"><div class="nav_icon"></div><a id="nav_profile" class="nav" aria-expanded="false" href="#wh-dialog-login" rel="nofollow" data-link="#wh-dialog-login">LOG IN</a><div class="menu_login" role="menu"> <div name="userlogin" class="userlogin"> <h3>Log in</h3> <div id='social-login-navbar' data-return-to=''> <label class='social-disabled'>Social login does not work in incognito and private browsers. Please log in with your username or email to continue.</label> <div id="fb_connect_head"> <a id="fb_login_head" href="#" role="button" class="ulb_button ulb_social_button loading" aria-label="Log in with Facebook" data-type="Facebook"> <span class="ulb_icon"></span> <span class="ulb_label">Facebook</span> </a> </div> <div id="gplus_connect_head"> <a id="gplus_login_head" href="#" role="button" class="ulb_button ulb_social_button loading" aria-label="Log in with Google" data-type="Google"> <span class="ulb_icon"></span> <span class="ulb_label">Google</span> </a> </div> </div> <div> <a href="#wh-dialog-login" role="button" id="wh_login_head" class="ulb_button ulb_login" aria-label="Log in" data-type="wikiHow Account"><span class="ulb_icon"></span><span class="ulb_label">wikiHow Account</span></a> </div> <div class="userlogin_links"> No account yet? <a href="/Special:UserLogin?type=signup">Create an account</a> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="nav_random_li" class="nav_item" role="menuitem" aria-labelledby="nav_random"><div class="nav_icon"></div><a id="nav_random" class="nav" aria-expanded="false" href="#" data-link="/Special:Randomizer">RANDOM</a></li></ul><a id="random-button" href="/Special:Randomizer"></a></div></div><div id="header_container_small" class="header_container shrunk"></div><div id="header_top_watch"></div><div id="mw-mf-viewport"><div id="mw-mf-page-left"><ul id="mobile_menu"><li class="icon-home"><a href="/Main-Page">Home</a></li><li id="randomButton" class="icon-random"><a href="/Special:Randomizer">Random</a></li><li id="icon-categories" class="icon-categories"><a href="/Special:CategoryListing">Browse Articles</a></li><li id="header3" class="side_header">Learn Something New</li><li id="icon-quizzes" class="icon-quizzes"><a href="/Quizzes">Quizzes<span class="hot_bubble">Hot</span></a></li><li id="icon-forums" class="icon-forums"><a href="/Forum">Forums</a></li><li id="icon-courses" class="icon-courses"><a href="/Course/Explore">Courses</a></li><li id="icon-happiness" class="icon-happiness"><a href="/Academy/Shawn-Achor">Happiness Hub</a></li><li id="header4" class="side_header">Play Games</li><li id="icon-thisorthat" class="icon-thisorthat"><a href="/Games/This-Or-That">This Or That Game</a></li><li id="icon-trainyourbrain" class="icon-trainyourbrain"><a href="/Games/Train-Your-Brain">Train Your Brain</a></li><li id="header5" class="side_header">Explore More</li><li id="icon-contribute" class="icon-contribute"><a href="/Special:Contribute">Support wikiHow</a></li><li id="icon-aboutwikihow" class="icon-aboutwikihow"><a href="/wikiHow:About-wikiHow">About wikiHow</a></li></ul><ul><li class="icon-anon"><a href="#wh-dialog-login">Log in / Sign up</a></li></ul><div class="mw-mf-display-toggle"><a href="/wikiHow:Terms-of-Use" class="gdpr-menu">Terms of Use</a></div></div><div id="mw-mf-page-center"><div id="trust_banner"> <div> <a href="/wikiHow:Delivering-a-Trustworthy-Experience" target="_blank"> <span>wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. </span>Learn why people <b>trust wikiHow</b> </a> </div> </div><div id="siteNotice"></div><div id="content_wrapper" role="main"><script type="application/json" id="adDataConfig">{"scrolltoRootLoadingMargin":"0px 0px 1500px 0px","scrolltoLoadingCheck":800}</script><script>var $jscomp=$jscomp||{};$jscomp.scope={};$jscomp.ASSUME_ES5=!1;$jscomp.ASSUME_NO_NATIVE_MAP=!1;$jscomp.ASSUME_NO_NATIVE_SET=!1;$jscomp.defineProperty=$jscomp.ASSUME_ES5||"function"==typeof Object.defineProperties?Object.defineProperty:function(b,d,g){b!=Array.prototype&&b!=Object.prototype&&(b[d]=g.value)};$jscomp.getGlobal=function(b){return"undefined"!=typeof window&&window===b?b:"undefined"!=typeof global&&null!=global?global:b};$jscomp.global=$jscomp.getGlobal(this);$jscomp.SYMBOL_PREFIX="jscomp_symbol_";$jscomp.initSymbol=function(){$jscomp.initSymbol=function(){};$jscomp.global.Symbol||($jscomp.global.Symbol=$jscomp.Symbol)};$jscomp.Symbol=function(){var b=0;return function(d){return $jscomp.SYMBOL_PREFIX+(d||"")+b++}}();$jscomp.initSymbolIterator=function(){$jscomp.initSymbol();var b=$jscomp.global.Symbol.iterator;b||(b=$jscomp.global.Symbol.iterator=$jscomp.global.Symbol("iterator"));"function"!=typeof Array.prototype[b]&&$jscomp.defineProperty(Array.prototype,b,{configurable:! 0,writable:!0,value:function(){return $jscomp.arrayIterator(this)}});$jscomp.initSymbolIterator=function(){}};$jscomp.initSymbolAsyncIterator=function(){$jscomp.initSymbol();var b=$jscomp.global.Symbol.asyncIterator;b||(b=$jscomp.global.Symbol.asyncIterator=$jscomp.global.Symbol("asyncIterator"));$jscomp.initSymbolAsyncIterator=function(){}};$jscomp.arrayIterator=function(b){var d=0;return $jscomp.iteratorPrototype(function(){return d<b.length?{done:!1,value:b[d++]}:{done:!0}})};$jscomp.iteratorPrototype=function(b){$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();b={next:b};b[$jscomp.global.Symbol.iterator]=function(){return this};return b};$jscomp.makeIterator=function(b){$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();$jscomp.initSymbol();$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();var d=b[Symbol.iterator];return d?d.call(b):$jscomp.arrayIterator(b)};$jscomp.polyfill=function(b,d,g,l){if(d){g=$jscomp.global;b=b.split(".");for(l=0;l<b.length-1;l++){var k=b[l];k in g||(g[k]={});g=g[k]}b=b[b.length-1];l=g[b];d=d(l);d!=l&&null!=d&&$jscomp. defineProperty(g,b,{configurable:!0,writable:!0,value:d})}};$jscomp.FORCE_POLYFILL_PROMISE=!1;$jscomp.polyfill("Promise",function(b){function d(){this.batch_=null}function g(b){return b instanceof k?b:new k(function(d,t){d(b)})}if(b&&!$jscomp.FORCE_POLYFILL_PROMISE)return b;d.prototype.asyncExecute=function(b){null==this.batch_&&(this.batch_=[],this.asyncExecuteBatch_());this.batch_.push(b);return this};d.prototype.asyncExecuteBatch_=function(){var b=this;this.asyncExecuteFunction(function(){b.executeBatch_()})};var l=$jscomp.global.setTimeout;d.prototype.asyncExecuteFunction=function(b){l(b,0)};d.prototype.executeBatch_=function(){for(;this.batch_&&this.batch_.length;){var b=this.batch_;this.batch_=[];for(var d=0;d<b.length;++d){var g=b[d];b[d]=null;try{g()}catch(J){this.asyncThrow_(J)}}}this.batch_=null};d.prototype.asyncThrow_=function(b){this.asyncExecuteFunction(function(){throw b;})};var k=function(b){this.state_=0;this.result_=void 0;this.onSettledCallbacks_=[];var d=this. createResolveAndReject_();try{b(d.resolve,d.reject)}catch(A){d.reject(A)}};k.prototype.createResolveAndReject_=function(){function b(b){return function(k){g||(g=!0,b.call(d,k))}}var d=this,g=!1;return{resolve:b(this.resolveTo_),reject:b(this.reject_)}};k.prototype.resolveTo_=function(b){if(b===this)this.reject_(new TypeError("A Promise cannot resolve to itself"));else if(b instanceof k)this.settleSameAsPromise_(b);else{a:switch(typeof b){case"object":var d=null!=b;break a;case"function":d=!0;break a;default:d=!1}d?this.resolveToNonPromiseObj_(b):this.fulfill_(b)}};k.prototype.resolveToNonPromiseObj_=function(b){var d=void 0;try{d=b.then}catch(A){this.reject_(A);return}"function"==typeof d?this.settleSameAsThenable_(d,b):this.fulfill_(b)};k.prototype.reject_=function(b){this.settle_(2,b)};k.prototype.fulfill_=function(b){this.settle_(1,b)};k.prototype.settle_=function(b,d){if(0!=this.state_)throw Error("Cannot settle("+b+", "+d+"): Promise already settled in state"+this.state_);this. state_=b;this.result_=d;this.executeOnSettledCallbacks_()};k.prototype.executeOnSettledCallbacks_=function(){if(null!=this.onSettledCallbacks_){for(var b=0;b<this.onSettledCallbacks_.length;++b)p.asyncExecute(this.onSettledCallbacks_[b]);this.onSettledCallbacks_=null}};var p=new d;k.prototype.settleSameAsPromise_=function(b){var d=this.createResolveAndReject_();b.callWhenSettled_(d.resolve,d.reject)};k.prototype.settleSameAsThenable_=function(b,d){var g=this.createResolveAndReject_();try{b.call(d,g.resolve,g.reject)}catch(J){g.reject(J)}};k.prototype.then=function(b,d){function g(b,d){return"function"==typeof b?function(d){try{l(b(d))}catch(E){t(E)}}:d}var l,t,p=new k(function(b,d){l=b;t=d});this.callWhenSettled_(g(b,l),g(d,t));return p};k.prototype.catch=function(b){return this.then(void 0,b)};k.prototype.callWhenSettled_=function(b,d){function g(){switch(k.state_){case 1:b(k.result_);break;case 2:d(k.result_);break;default:throw Error("Unexpected state: "+k.state_);}}var k=this;null ==this.onSettledCallbacks_?p.asyncExecute(g):this.onSettledCallbacks_.push(g)};k.resolve=g;k.reject=function(b){return new k(function(d,g){g(b)})};k.race=function(b){return new k(function(d,k){for(var l=$jscomp.makeIterator(b),p=l.next();!p.done;p=l.next())g(p.value).callWhenSettled_(d,k)})};k.all=function(b){var d=$jscomp.makeIterator(b),l=d.next();return l.done?g([]):new k(function(b,k){function p(d){return function(h){t[d]=h;A--;0==A&&b(t)}}var t=[],A=0;do t.push(void 0),A++,g(l.value).callWhenSettled_(p(t.length-1),k),l=d.next();while(!l.done)})};return k},"es6","es3");$jscomp.underscoreProtoCanBeSet=function(){var b={a:!0},d={};try{return d.__proto__=b,d.a}catch(g){}return!1};$jscomp.setPrototypeOf="function"==typeof Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.setPrototypeOf:$jscomp.underscoreProtoCanBeSet()?function(b,d){b.__proto__=d;if(b.__proto__!==d)throw new TypeError(b+" is not extensible");return b}:null;$jscomp.generator={};$jscomp.generator.ensureIteratorResultIsObject_=function(b){if( !(b instanceof Object))throw new TypeError("Iterator result "+b+" is not an object");};$jscomp.generator.Context=function(){this.isRunning_=!1;this.yieldAllIterator_=null;this.yieldResult=void 0;this.nextAddress=1;this.finallyAddress_=this.catchAddress_=0;this.finallyContexts_=this.abruptCompletion_=null};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.start_=function(){if(this.isRunning_)throw new TypeError("Generator is already running");this.isRunning_=!0};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.stop_=function(){this.isRunning_=!1};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.jumpToErrorHandler_=function(){this.nextAddress=this.catchAddress_||this.finallyAddress_};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.next_=function(b){this.yieldResult=b};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.throw_=function(b){this.abruptCompletion_={exception:b,isException:!0};this.jumpToErrorHandler_()};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.return=function(b){this.abruptCompletion_={return:b};this.nextAddress=this.finallyAddress_};$jscomp. generator.Context.prototype.jumpThroughFinallyBlocks=function(b){this.abruptCompletion_={jumpTo:b};this.nextAddress=this.finallyAddress_};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.yield=function(b,d){this.nextAddress=d;return{value:b}};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.yieldAll=function(b,d){b=$jscomp.makeIterator(b);var g=b.next();$jscomp.generator.ensureIteratorResultIsObject_(g);if(g.done)this.yieldResult=g.value,this.nextAddress=d;else return this.yieldAllIterator_=b,this.yield(g.value,d)};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.jumpTo=function(b){this.nextAddress=b};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.jumpToEnd=function(){this.nextAddress=0};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.setCatchFinallyBlocks=function(b,d){this.catchAddress_=b;void 0!=d&&(this.finallyAddress_=d)};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.setFinallyBlock=function(b){this.catchAddress_=0;this.finallyAddress_=b||0};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.leaveTryBlock=function(b,d){this.nextAddress=b;this.catchAddress_=d||0}; $jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.enterCatchBlock=function(b){this.catchAddress_=b||0;b=this.abruptCompletion_.exception;this.abruptCompletion_=null;return b};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.enterFinallyBlock=function(b,d,g){g?this.finallyContexts_[g]=this.abruptCompletion_:this.finallyContexts_=[this.abruptCompletion_];this.catchAddress_=b||0;this.finallyAddress_=d||0};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.leaveFinallyBlock=function(b,d){d=this.finallyContexts_.splice(d||0)[0];if(d=this.abruptCompletion_=this.abruptCompletion_||d){if(d.isException)return this.jumpToErrorHandler_();void 0!=d.jumpTo&&this.finallyAddress_<d.jumpTo?(this.nextAddress=d.jumpTo,this.abruptCompletion_=null):this.nextAddress=this.finallyAddress_}else this.nextAddress=b};$jscomp.generator.Context.prototype.forIn=function(b){return new $jscomp.generator.Context.PropertyIterator(b)};$jscomp.generator.Context.PropertyIterator=function(b){this.object_=b;this.properties_=[];for(var d in b)this.properties_.push(d );this.properties_.reverse()};$jscomp.generator.Context.PropertyIterator.prototype.getNext=function(){for(;0<this.properties_.length;){var b=this.properties_.pop();if(b in this.object_)return b}return null};$jscomp.generator.Engine_=function(b){this.context_=new $jscomp.generator.Context;this.program_=b};$jscomp.generator.Engine_.prototype.next_=function(b){this.context_.start_();if(this.context_.yieldAllIterator_)return this.yieldAllStep_(this.context_.yieldAllIterator_.next,b,this.context_.next_);this.context_.next_(b);return this.nextStep_()};$jscomp.generator.Engine_.prototype.return_=function(b){this.context_.start_();var d=this.context_.yieldAllIterator_;if(d)return this.yieldAllStep_("return"in d?d["return"]:function(b){return{value:b,done:!0}},b,this.context_.return);this.context_.return(b);return this.nextStep_()};$jscomp.generator.Engine_.prototype.throw_=function(b){this.context_.start_();if(this.context_.yieldAllIterator_)return this.yieldAllStep_(this.context_. yieldAllIterator_["throw"],b,this.context_.next_);this.context_.throw_(b);return this.nextStep_()};$jscomp.generator.Engine_.prototype.yieldAllStep_=function(b,d,g){try{var l=b.call(this.context_.yieldAllIterator_,d);$jscomp.generator.ensureIteratorResultIsObject_(l);if(!l.done)return this.context_.stop_(),l;var k=l.value}catch(p){return this.context_.yieldAllIterator_=null,this.context_.throw_(p),this.nextStep_()}this.context_.yieldAllIterator_=null;g.call(this.context_,k);return this.nextStep_()};$jscomp.generator.Engine_.prototype.nextStep_=function(){for(;this.context_.nextAddress;)try{var b=this.program_(this.context_);if(b)return this.context_.stop_(),{value:b.value,done:!1}}catch(d){this.context_.yieldResult=void 0,this.context_.throw_(d)}this.context_.stop_();if(this.context_.abruptCompletion_){b=this.context_.abruptCompletion_;this.context_.abruptCompletion_=null;if(b.isException)throw b.exception;return{value:b.return,done:!0}}return{value:void 0,done:!0}};$jscomp.generator. Generator_=function(b){this.next=function(d){return b.next_(d)};this.throw=function(d){return b.throw_(d)};this.return=function(d){return b.return_(d)};$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();$jscomp.initSymbol();$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();this[Symbol.iterator]=function(){return this}};$jscomp.generator.createGenerator=function(b,d){d=new $jscomp.generator.Generator_(new $jscomp.generator.Engine_(d));$jscomp.setPrototypeOf&&$jscomp.setPrototypeOf(d,b.prototype);return d};$jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGenerator=function(b){function d(d){return b.next(d)}function g(d){return b.throw(d)}return new Promise(function(l,k){function p(b){b.done?l(b.value):Promise.resolve(b.value).then(d,g).then(p,k)}p(b.next())})};$jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGeneratorFunction=function(b){return $jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGenerator(b())};$jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGeneratorProgram=function(b){return $jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGenerator(new $jscomp.generator.Generator_(new $jscomp.generator.Engine_(b)))};$jscomp. iteratorFromArray=function(b,d){$jscomp.initSymbolIterator();b instanceof String&&(b+="");var g=0,l={next:function(){if(g<b.length){var k=g++;return{value:d(k,b[k]),done:!1}}l.next=function(){return{done:!0,value:void 0}};return l.next()}};l[Symbol.iterator]=function(){return l};return l};$jscomp.polyfill("Array.prototype.keys",function(b){return b?b:function(){return $jscomp.iteratorFromArray(this,function(b){return b})}},"es6","es3");$jscomp.polyfill("Object.is",function(b){return b?b:function(b,g){return b===g?0!==b||1/b===1/g:b!==b&&g!==g}},"es6","es3");$jscomp.polyfill("Array.prototype.includes",function(b){return b?b:function(b,g){var d=this;d instanceof String&&(d=String(d));var k=d.length;g=g||0;for(0>g&&(g=Math.max(g+k,0));g<k;g++){var p=d[g];if(p===b||Object.is(p,b))return!0}return!1}},"es7","es3");$jscomp.checkStringArgs=function(b,d,g){if(null==b)throw new TypeError("The 'this' value for String.prototype."+g+" must not be null or undefined");if(d instanceof RegExp)throw new TypeError ("First argument to String.prototype."+g+" must not be a regular expression");return b+""};$jscomp.polyfill("String.prototype.includes",function(b){return b?b:function(b,g){return-1!==$jscomp.checkStringArgs(this,b,"includes").indexOf(b,g||0)}},"es6","es3");$jscomp.polyfill("Number.isFinite",function(b){return b?b:function(b){return"number"!==typeof b?!1:!isNaN(b)&&Infinity!==b&&-Infinity!==b}},"es6","es3");$jscomp.polyfill("Number.isInteger",function(b){return b?b:function(b){return Number.isFinite(b)?b===Math.floor(b):!1}},"es6","es3");$jscomp.findInternal=function(b,d,g){b instanceof String&&(b=String(b));for(var l=b.length,k=0;k<l;k++){var p=b[k];if(d.call(g,p,k,b))return{i:k,v:p}}return{i:-1,v:void 0}};$jscomp.polyfill("Array.prototype.find",function(b){return b?b:function(b,g){return $jscomp.findInternal(this,b,g).v}},"es6","es3");WH.ads=function(){function b(){return"scheduler"in window&&"yield"in scheduler?scheduler.yield():new Promise(function(a){setTimeout(a,0)})}function d() {var a={userIds:[{name:"identityLink",params:{pid:"13360"},storage:{type:"html5",name:"idl_env",expires:15,refreshInSeconds:1800}}],syncDelay:3E3,filterSettings:{iframe:{bidders:"ix appnexus rubicon shemedia yieldmo sharethrough yahooAds medianet rise pubmatic amx openx grid triplelift".split(" "),filter:"include"}}};a.userIds.push({name:"amxId",storage:{type:"html5",name:"amxId",expires:1}});WH.shared.isTest("webvitalsINP")&&(a.syncsPerBidder=3);return a}function g(){return{triplelift:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.triplelift},sendStandardTargeting:!0,adserverTargeting:[{key:"tl_source",val:function(a){return a.tl_source}}]},pubmatic:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.pubmatic}},ix:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.ix}},amx:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.amx}},yahooAds:{ storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.yahooAds}},appnexus:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.appnexus}},sharethrough:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.sharethrough}},openx:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.openx}},verizonmedia:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.verizonmedia}},rubicon:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.rubicon}},shemedia:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.shemedia}},rise:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.rise}},grid:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.grid}},medianet:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a ,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.medianet}},yieldmo:{storageAllowed:!0,bidCpmAdjustment:function(a,c){return a*window.whadconfig.prebidCPM.yieldmo}}}}function l(a){return $jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGeneratorProgram(function(c){h("attempt onBeforeRequestBidsInner",a);c.jumpToEnd()})}function k(a){l(a)}function p(a){WH.shared.isTest("aditude")||WH.shared.isTest("freestar")||window.pbjs.que.push(function(){window.pbjs.addAdUnits(a)})}function t(){var a=(new URLSearchParams(window.location.search)).get("forcebidder");if(a){h("prebid force bidder:",a);var c=[],f;for(f in T){var b=T[f],e=[],d;for(d in b.bids){var g=b.bids[d];g.bidder==a&&e.push(g)}0<e.length&&(b.bids=e,c.push(b))}h("prebid filtered adUnits",c);T=c}}function cb(){var a,c;return $jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGeneratorProgram(function(f){if(1==f.nextAddress)return h("afterPrebidInitLoad"),window.pbjsloaded=!0,window.pbjs.bidderSettings=g(),a={enableSendAllBids:!1,priceGranularity:wa,useBidCache:!0,gptPreAuction:{enabled:!0 ,useDefaultPreAuction:!1,customPreAuction:function(a,c){c=a.code;"/10095428/engl/engl_gam_all_scrol"==a.code&&(c=a.code+"/"+(u-1));h("customPreAuction result is",c,"adUnitCode",a.code);return a.code}}},t(),a.userSync=d(),c="1---",L()&&(c="1YYN"),a.consentManagement={usp:{cmpApi:"static",timeout:0,consentData:{getUSPData:{uspString:c}}}},B&&(h("configuring consentManagement"),a.consentManagement.gdpr={cmpApi:"iab",timeout:100,actionTimeout:100,defaultGdprScope:!0}),f.yield(WH.shared.yieldToMain(),2);pbjs.setConfig(a);pbjs.enableAnalytics([{provider:"atsAnalytics",options:{pid:"13360"}}]);pbjs.aliasBidder("rubicon","shemedia");pbjs.aliasBidder("yahoossp","yahooAds");f.jumpToEnd()})}function A(){return $jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGeneratorProgram(function(a){if(1==window.pbjsrequested)return a.return();window.pbjsrequested=!0;if(WH.shared.isTest("aditude")||WH.shared.isTest("freestar"))return a.return();window.pbjs.que.push(cb);a.jumpToEnd()})}function J(){if(1!=window.pbjsrequested&&!WH. shared.isTest("aditude")&&!WH.shared.isTest("freestar")){var a=document.createElement("script");a.async=!0;a.type="text/javascript";a.src="/load.php?modules=ext.wikihow.prebid735-8&only=scripts&v=1";WH.shared.isTest("prebid8")&&(a.src="/load.php?modules=ext.wikihow.prebid.8.46.0.2&only=scripts&v=1");WH.shared.isTest("webvitalsINP")&&(a.src="/load.php?modules=ext.wikihow.prebid735-6&only=scripts&v=1");var c=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];c.parentNode.insertBefore(a,c);window.pbjsrequested=!0;h("prebid js requested");window.pbjs.que.push(function(){h("prebid initializing prebid configuration and adding ad units");window.pbjsloaded=!0;window.pbjs.bidderSettings=g();var a={enableSendAllBids:!1,priceGranularity:wa,useBidCache:!0,gptPreAuction:{enabled:!0,useDefaultPreAuction:!1,customPreAuction:function(a,c){c=a.code;"/10095428/engl/engl_gam_all_scrol"==a.code&&(c=a.code+"/"+(u-1));h("customPreAuction result is",c,"adUnitCode",a.code);return a.code}}};t();a.userSync=d();var c= "1---";L()&&(c="1YYN");a.consentManagement={usp:{cmpApi:"static",timeout:0,consentData:{getUSPData:{uspString:c}}}};B&&(h("configuring consentManagement"),a.consentManagement.gdpr={cmpApi:"iab",timeout:100,actionTimeout:100,defaultGdprScope:!0});pbjs.setConfig(a);WH.shared.isTest("prebid8")&&(h("prebid 8 config"),pbjs.setConfig({userSync:{topics:{maxTopicCaller:4,bidders:[{bidder:"openx",iframeURL:"https://pa.openx.net/topics_frame.html"},{bidder:"pubmatic",iframeURL:"https://ads.pubmatic.com/AdServer/js/topics/topics_frame.html"},{bidder:"rtbhouse",iframeURL:"https://topics.authorizedvault.com/topicsapi.html"},{bidder:"improvedigital",iframeURL:"https://hb.360yield.com/privacy-sandbox/topics.html"}]}}}),pbjs.setConfig({paapi:{enabled:!0,defaultForSlots:1,gpt:{autoconfig:!1}}}));pbjs.enableAnalytics([{provider:"atsAnalytics",options:{pid:"13360"}}]);pbjs.aliasBidder("rubicon","shemedia");pbjs.aliasBidder("yahoossp","yahooAds")})}}function db(a){return function(c){return a. getSlotElementId()==m.adTargetId}}function fb(a){h("pbRequestBids",a.adTargetId,a.adunitpath);a.pbTimedOut=!1;a.last_pb_request_time=(new Date).getTime();var c=a.adunitpath;1==a.rightrailmore&&"rightrail"==a.type&&(c=a.adTargetId);WH.shared.isTest("webvitalsINP")&&"/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_meth0"==a.adunitpath&&(c=a.adTargetId);var f=1E3;U&&"rightrail"==a.type&&1==a.isRefreshLoad&&(h("using 2500 timeout for prebid"),f=2500);var b=!1;"scrollto"==a.type&&1==a.prebidAdUnitTest&&(h("using custom gpt targeting function"),b=!0);window.pbjs.requestBids({adUnitCodes:[c],timeout:f,bidsBackHandler:function(f,r){a.pbTimedOut=r;if(f){var e=Object.keys(f)[0];"undefined"!=typeof e&&(h("pbRequestBids result",a.adTargetId,f[e],", timedOut:",r),b?(h("using custom gpt targeting function"),window.pbjs.setTargetingForGPTAsync(c,db)):(h("using non custom gpt targeting function"),window.pbjs.setTargetingForGPTAsync([c])),WH.shared.isTest("prebid8")&&window.pbjs.setPAAPIConfigForGPT())}a.pbTargetingAdded= !0;1==a.apsDisplayBidsCalled||0==a.apsload?(h("pbRequestBids: done and aps targeting done (or inactive). will load ad",a.adTargetId),z(a)):h("pbRequestBids: done. waiting on aps bid",a.adTargetId)}})}function K(a){window.pbjs.que.push(function(){fb(a)})}function eb(a){a=a.slot;var c=a.getSlotId().getDomId();if(m&&c&&c.includes("scrollto"))return m;for(c=0;c<n.length;c++){var f=n[c];if(q[f.adTargetId]==a)return f}for(c in w)if(f=w[c],q[f.adTargetId]==a)return f;for(c in M)if(f=M[c],q[f.adTargetId]==a)return f;return null}function h(){-1!=window.location.href.indexOf("adslog=1")&&console.log.apply(console,arguments)}function E(){if(-1!=window.location.href.indexOf("adsraw=1"))return!0}function xa(){if(null!==N)return N;N=!1;var a=window.location.href;a&&-1!=a.indexOf("adslog=1")&&(N=!0);return N}function gb(){var a=!1;null!=document.hidden?a=document.hidden:null!=document.mozHidden?a=document.mozHidden:null!=document.webkitHidden?a=document.webkitHidden:null!=document.msHidden&&(a= document.msHidden);return a}function hb(a,c,f){h("apsFetchBids:",f.adTargetId);f.apsTimeout||console.warn("ad has no timeout value",f);for(var b=[],e=0;e<c.length;e++)b.push(q[c[e]]);c=f.apsTimeout;U&&"rightrail"==f.type&&1==f.isRefreshLoad&&(h("using 2500 timeout for aps"),c=2500);"undefined"==typeof apstag?f.pbload?1==f.pbTargetingAdded&&(h("apstag not defined:pb targeting done. will load ad",f.adTargetId),z(f)):(h("apstag not defined: will load ad",f.adTargetId),z(f)):(h("apstag fetchBids slots",a),apstag.fetchBids({slots:a,timeout:c},function(a){window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){h("calling apstag.setDisplayBids()");apstag.setDisplayBids();f.apsDisplayBidsCalled=!0;f.pbload?1==f.pbTargetingAdded?(h("apsFetchBids: done. pb targeting also done. will load ad",f.adTargetId),z(f)):h("apsFetchBids: done. waiting for prebid bids",f.adTargetId):(h("apsFetchBids: done will load ad",f.adTargetId),z(f))})}))}function fa(a){return a&&a.element&&"prestep_ad_1"==a.element.id?!0:!1}function ha( a){if(0==window.whadconfig.answerbox||"scrollto"!==a.type)return!1;a=document.getElementById(a.adTargetId);if(!(a&&a.parentElement&&a.parentElement.parentElement&&a.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement))return!1;a=a.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement;for(var c=0;5>c;c++){a=a.nextSibling;if(!a)break;if("mf-section-1"==a.id)return!0}return!1}function z(a){h("setDFPTargetingAndRefresh",a.adTargetId);var c=q[a.adTargetId];setDFPTargeting(c,dfpKeyVals);c.setTargeting("pagetype",window.whadconfig.gamconfig.pagetype);a.insertSlotValue&&c.setTargeting("slot",V(a.insertSlotValue));if(a.pbload){var f=c.getTargetingMap().hb_bidder;"undefined"!=typeof f&&"triplelift"!=f[0]&&(WH.shared.isTest("webvitalsINP")?c.getTargeting("tl_source")&&0<c.getTargeting("tl_source").length&&c.clearTargeting("tl_source"):c.clearTargeting("tl_source"))}WH.isDev&&!E()&&c.setTargeting("dummyad",1);ha(a)&&c.setTargeting("answerbox",1);fa(a)&&c.setTargeting("prestep",ia());window.WH.isUserWithAds&&c. setTargeting("uwa",1);if("rightrail"==a.type||"main-rr"==a.type){f=a.refreshCount;10>f?f="0"+f:20<f&&(f="max");c.setTargeting("refreshing",f);var b="0"+a.adTargetId.substr(a.adTargetId.length-6,1);c.setTargeting("ad_position",b);c.setTargeting("rr"+b,f);a.refreshCount++;f=v;10>v?f="0"+f:20<v&&(f="max");c.setTargeting("totalcount",f);v++}(a=W(a.adTargetId))&&c.setTargeting("quiz_pos",a);h("calling googletag.pubads().refresh on slot",[c]);-1!=window.location.href.indexOf("testad=")&&(a=(new URLSearchParams(window.location.search)).get("testad"),c.setTargeting("testad",a));"undefined"!=WH.pageID&&WH.pageID&&c.setTargeting("pageid",WH.pageID);window.googletag.pubads().refresh([c])}function O(a){var c=a.adTargetId;if("undefined"!=typeof q[c]){for(var f=q[c].getAdUnitPath(),b=q[c].getSizes(),e=[],d=0;d<b.length;d++){var h=[];"fluid"!=b[d]&&(h.push(b[d].getWidth()),h.push(b[d].getHeight()),e.push(h))}f=[{slotID:c,slotName:f,sizes:e}];a.apsVid&&(f=[{slotID:c,mediaType:"video"}]);hb(f,[c],a)}} function L(){if(-1!=window.location.href.indexOf("set_ccpa_out=1")){var a=new Date;a.setTime(a.getTime()+31536E6);a="; expires="+a.toGMTString();document.cookie="ccpa_out=1"+a+"; path=/";return!0}return 0<=document.cookie.indexOf("ccpa_out=")?!0:!1}function ya(a){h("insertAmazonShopping");(window.apscustom=window.apscustom||[]).push({id:"93b7dd52-a8ce-11ed-afa1-0242ac120002:1"})}function ib(a){if("en"==window.WH.pageLang){var c=a.adElement.dataset.aditudetarget;WH.shared.isSmallSize&&a.adElement.dataset.aditudetargetsmall&&(c=a.adElement.dataset.aditudetargetsmall);WH.shared.isTest("rightrailDoubleAds")&&"rightrail"==a.type&&"pb-slot-engl-rght-2"==c&&(c="pb-slot-engl-rght-2-small");WH.shared.isTest("rightrailDoubleAds")&&WH.shared.isTest("aditudeDoubleRRQuiz")&&"rightrail"==a.type&&"pb-slot-engl-quizr"==c&&(c="pb-slot-engl-rght-2-small");return c}c=null;"intro"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-intro");"rightrail"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-rght-2","quiz"==window.whadconfig.gamconfig.pagetype&&(c= "pb-slot-quiz-right"),WH.shared.isTest("rightrailDoubleAds")&&(c="pb-slot-rght-2-small"));"scrollto"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-scrol");"method"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-meth");"large_method"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-meth");"large_related"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-relat");"middlerelated"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-relat");"related"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-relat");"pagebottom"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-bottm");"tips"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-tipps");"warnings"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-warns");"quizpage"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-quiz-2","quizpage_top_ad_1"==a.adTargetId&&(c="pb-slot-quiz-1"));"quizpage_1"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-engl-quiz-1");"quizpage_2"==a.type&&(c="pb-slot-engl-quiz-2");h("aditude target",c,a.adTargetId);return c}function X(a){if("undefined"!=typeof tude){var c=ib(a);if(null!=c){h("insertAditudeAd",c);var f=WH.bucket;10>f&&(f="0"+f);var b=!1;"scrollto"==a.type&&(h("insert aditude with force render"),b=!0);var e={pagetype:window.whadconfig.gamconfig.pagetype,site:window.location.hostname,bucket:f};a.insertSlotValue &&(e.slot=V(a.insertSlotValue));window.nlpCategory&&(e.nlp_category=window.nlpCategory);window.WH.isUserWithAds&&(e.uwa=1);ha(a)&&(e.answerbox=1);fa(a)&&(e.prestep=ia());WH.isDev&&!E()&&(e.dummyad=1);window.dfpCategory&&(e.category=window.dfpCategory);!a.adTargetId||"rightrail"!=a.type&&"main-rr"!=a.type||(f=a.adTargetId.substr(a.adTargetId.length-6,1),e.ad_position="0"+f,f=v,10>v?f="0"+f:20<v&&(f="max"),e.totalcount=f,v++);(f=W(a.adTargetId))&&(e.quiz_pos=f);a.aditudeDivId=a.adTargetId;a.aditudeBaseDivId=c;a.aditudeTargeting=e;a.aditudeInsertNumber=0;h("inserting aditude ad with target",c,"slot targeting",a.adTargetId,e);tude.cmd.push(function(){var f=jb();f&&(h("aditude set id profile"),tude.setIdProfile({e:f}));tude.refreshAdsViaDivMappings([{divId:a.adTargetId,baseDivId:c,targeting:e}],b)})}}}function ja(a){var c=a.adTargetId,f=a.adElement.dataset.freestarPlacement,b=a.adElement.dataset.freestarPlacementSmall;WH.shared.isSmallSize&&b&&(f=b);WH.shared.isLargeSize&&WH.shared.isTest( "rightrailDoubleAds")&&(b=a.adElement.dataset.freestarRightrailDoublePlacement)&&(h("get RR double",b),f=b);h("insertFreestarAd placementName",f,"slotId",c);a.element.dataset.freestarAd=a.adElement.dataset.freestarAd;"promopair_ad_1"!=c&&(a.element.align="center");b=WH.bucket;10>b&&(b="0"+b);b={pagetype:window.whadconfig.gamconfig.pagetype,site:window.location.hostname,bucket:b};a.insertSlotValue&&(b.slot=V(a.insertSlotValue));window.nlpCategory&&(b.nlp_category=window.nlpCategory);window.WH.isUserWithAds&&(b.uwa=1);ha(a)&&(b.answerbox=1);fa(a)&&(b.prestep=ia());WH.isDev&&!E()&&(b.dummyad=1);window.dfpCategory&&(b.category=window.dfpCategory);if(a.adTargetId&&("rightrail"==a.type||"main-rr"==a.type)){var e=a.adTargetId.substr(a.adTargetId.length-6,1);b.ad_position="0"+e;e=v;10>v?e="0"+e:20<v&&(e="max");b.totalcount=e;v++}(a=W(a.adTargetId))&&(b.quiz_pos=a);"undefined"==typeof freestar.config.targeting&&(freestar.config.targeting=[]);a={};freestar.config.targeting.push((a[c]=b,a)); freestar.config.enabled_slots.push({placementName:f,slotId:c})}function za(a){var c=window.document.createElement("script");c.async=!0;c.type="text/javascript";c.src=a.adElement.getAttribute("data-scriptsrc");c.setAttribute("data-divid",a.adTargetId);c.setAttribute("data-adslot","demo_optout");c.setAttribute("data-adsizes","300x250");window.document.getElementById(a.adTargetId).appendChild(c)}function Y(a){h("inserting adsense ad",a.type);var c="ca-pub-9543332082073187";ka&&(c="ca-pub-9543332082073187123");var f=window.document.createElement("ins");f.setAttribute("data-ad-client",c);a.adLabelClass?f.setAttribute("class","adsbygoogle "+a.adLabelClass):f.setAttribute("class","adsbygoogle");if(c=a.slot){f.setAttribute("data-ad-slot",c);c=null;if("en"!==window.WH.pageLang){if(c=1==window.affpage)a:{c=("; "+document.cookie).split("; vr=");if(2==c.length&&(c=c.pop().split(";").shift(),"US-"==c.substring(0,3))){c=!0;break a}c=!1}c?(c=3258435188,"intro"==a.type&&(c+=",9504036457",WH.eventView( "article_feature_affiliate_page_load_go_vt"))):c=6518366808}L()?(f.setAttribute("data-restrict-data-processing",1),"intro"==a.type&&(c+=",2385774741")):"intro"==a.type&&(c+=",2001974826");kb&&(c=c?c+",2590374787":"2590374787");a.adElement.getAttribute("data-ad-format")&&f.setAttribute("data-ad-format",a.adElement.getAttribute("data-ad-format"));a.adElement.getAttribute("data-full-width-responsive")&&f.setAttribute("data-full-width-responsive",a.adElement.getAttribute("data-full-width-responsive"));WH.shared.isSmallSize&&"intro"!=a.type&&f.setAttribute("data-full-width-responsive","false");WH.shared.isSmallSize&&a.adElement.getAttribute("data-full-width-intro")&&(a.width=WH.shared.viewportWidth);"middlerelated"==a.type&&(f.setAttribute("data-ad-format","fluid"),f.setAttribute("data-ad-layout-key","-fb+5w+4e-db+86"));if("medium"==a.adSize){var b=0,e=document.getElementById("mw-content-text");e&&(b=e.offsetWidth);if("medium"==a.adSize&&700>b)return;"medium"==a.adSize&&728>b&&(a.width=b)}b ="display:inline-block;width:"+a.width+"px;height:"+a.height+"px;";e="step2 method qa tips warnings quizpage".split(" ");"small"==a.adSize&&e.includes(a.type)&&(b="display:block;height:"+a.height+"px;");f.style.cssText=b;a.adTargetId&&(b=a.element,"scrollto"==a.type&&(b=window.document.getElementById(a.adTargetId)),"intro"==a.type||a.fullwidthadsense||(a.element.parentElement.style.width=a.width+"px"),b.appendChild(f),a.channels&&(c=c?a.channels+","+c:a.channels),c||(c=""),"undefined"===typeof adsbygoogle&&(window.adsbygoogle=[]),a.nonPersonalized&&((window.adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).requestNonPersonalizedAds=1),(window.adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).push({params:{google_ad_channel:c}}))}}function lb(a){var c=document.documentElement.clientWidth;switch(a){case"intro":c-=30;break;case"method":c-=20;break;case"related":c-=14;break;default:c-=20}return c}function mb(){var a="en"!==window.WH.pageLang,c=4288474698;a&&(c=8493149871);var f=("; "+document.cookie).split("; vr="),b ="";if(2==f.length&&(b=f.pop().split(";").shift(),1<b.length))switch(b=b.substring(0,2),b){case"AT":c=a?3749973557:1537414198;break;case"AU":c=a?1395272953:4766212761;break;case"CA":c=a?7417755827:8031165194;break;case"CH":c=a?5878864326:9052602829;break;case"DE":c=a?7371075248:7498233609;break;case"DK":c=a?4871483535:6618011172;break;case"ES":c=a?8412694172:8637669854;break;case"FI":c=a?7282024450:2970410202;break;case"FR":c=a?6439221239:2870337854;break;case"IT":c=a?4096623761:2112129267;break;case"NL":c=a?8622531446:2331621115;break;case"NO":c=a?5142946278:5819934820;break;case"SE":c=a?9932238527:4957784454;break;case"GB":c=a?7306075183:7224855145;break;case"US":c=a?6856904076:1124396943}a||13!=window.WH.pageID%20||"US"!=b||-1==window.location.href.indexOf("firearc=1")&&(c=2785935110);return c}function nb(a,c){if(la&&("intro_ad_1"==a||"rightrail0_ad_1"==a||"step2_ad_1"==a))return a=null,c in la&&(a=la[c]),a}function Aa(a){var c=a.parentElement;this.lastRefreshTime=0;this.element=a; this.adElement=c;this.adTargetId=a.id;var f=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-small"),r=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-medium"),e=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-large");this.okForSize=!1;if(f&&WH.shared.isSmallSize||r&&WH.shared.isMedSize||e&&WH.shared.isLargeSize)this.okForSize=!0;/iphone|ipod|ipad/.test(x);var d=/edg/.test(x);/safari/.test(x);/chrome/.test(x);/crios/.test(x);-1!=window.location.href.indexOf("firearc=1")&&(d=!0);this.type=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-type");var g=nb(this.element.id,this.type);d&&"intro"==this.type&&(g=mb());this.width=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-width");this.service=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-service");d=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-service_eu");(C||F)&&d&&(this.service=d);this.apsload=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-apsload");this.pbload=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-prebidload");this.sizesArray=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-size");f&&WH.shared.isSmallSize&&(this.sizesArray=this.adElement. getAttribute("data-smallsize")||this.sizesArray);r&&WH.shared.isMedSize&&(this.sizesArray=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-mediumsize")||this.sizesArray);'["fluid"]'==this.sizesArray&&(this.pbload=this.apsload=!1);this.sizesArray&&(this.sizesArray=JSON.parse(this.sizesArray));this.disabled=this.isRefreshLoad=!1;if(this.okForSize){this.adElement.classList.add("wh_ad_active");this.fullwidthadsense=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-fullwidthadsense");this.questionsPage=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-questionspage");this.listPage=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-listpage");this.gptLateLoad=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-lateload");this.apsDisplayBidsCalled=!1;var k=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-adunitpath");WH.shared.isSmallSize&&(k=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-smalladunitpath")||k);WH.shared.isMedSize&&(k=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-mediumadunitpath")||k);this.rightrailmore=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-rightrailmore");d=!1;this.pbload&&(this. pbAdUnitsData=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-pbadunits"),WH.shared.isSmallSize&&(this.pbAdUnitsData=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-pbadunitssmall")||this.pbAdUnitsData),this.pbAdUnitsData&&(d=k,"/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2"==k&&(d=this.adTargetId),"/10095428/intl/intl_gam_lgm_rght2"==k&&(d=this.adTargetId),WH.shared.isTest("webvitalsINP")&&"/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_meth0"==k&&(d=this.adTargetId),ob(d,this.pbAdUnitsData,this.sizesArray,k),d=!0));if(this.pbload&&!d){var l=!1,n=this.type,m=[],t=this.rightrailmore;T.forEach(function(c){c.code==k&&(l=!0,1==t&&"rightrail"==n&&(c=JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(c)),c.code=a.id,m.push(c)))});0<m.length&&(h("adding rr ad units copied from main rr config"),p(m));0==l&&(this.pbload=!1,h("ad set up for prebid but not found in bids list. will set prebid to false for",k))}this.pbTargetingAdded=!1;this.insertSlotValue=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-insertslotvalue");this.pagetype=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-pagetype");"true"==window .isCoppa&&(this.pbload=!1);this.nonPersonalized=!1;C&&(this.pbload=!1,this.nonPersonalized=!0);1==(B?!0:!1)&&(this.pbload=!0,this.nonPersonalized=!1);1==window.fcdomain&&(this.nonPersonalized=!1);this.nonPersonalized&&pb();this.slot=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-slot");this.adsenseBackfillSlot=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-backfillslot");this.adunitpath=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-adunitpath");f&&WH.shared.isSmallSize&&(this.adunitpath=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-smalladunitpath")||this.adunitpath);r&&WH.shared.isMedSize&&(this.adunitpath=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-mediumadunitpath")||this.adunitpath);this.channels=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-channels");this.refreshable=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-refreshable");this.actionrefresh=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-actionrefresh");this.slotName=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-slot-name");this.refreshType=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-refresh-type");this.last_pb_request_time=0;this. dfpdisplaylate=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-gptdisplaylate");"rightrail"==this.type&&(this.position="initial",this.refreshCount=1);this.viewablerefresh=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-viewablerefresh");this.height=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-height");this.containerless=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-containerless");this.lastRRAd=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-lastrrad");f&&WH.shared.isSmallSize&&(this.adSize="small",this.smallchannels=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-smallchannels"),this.channels=this.channels?this.channels+","+this.smallchannels:this.smallchannels,this.slot=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-smallslot")||this.slot,this.height=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-smallheight")||this.height,f=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-smallheight_eu"),(C||F)&&f&&(this.height=f),this.width=lb(this.type),this.service=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-smallservice")||this.service,f=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-smallservice_eu"),(C||F)&&f&&(this. service=f),this.path=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-smallslot")||this.slot,"adsense"!=this.service||this.fullwidthadsense||this.containerless||(this.adElement.className+=" as-small"));r&&WH.shared.isMedSize&&(this.element.className=this.element.className?this.element.className+" medium_a":"medium_a",this.adSize="medium",this.slot=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-mediumslot")||this.slot,this.height=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-mediumheight")||this.height,this.width=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-mediumwidth")||this.width,this.service=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-mediumservice")||this.service,r=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-mediumservice_eu"),(C||F)&&r&&(this.service=r),this.mediumChannels=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-mediumchannels"),this.channels=this.channels?this.channels+","+this.mediumChannels:this.mediumChannels);this.aditudeOnAdsense=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-aditude_on_adsense");WH.shared.isTest("aditude")&&(WH.shared.isTest( "aditudeNoAdsense")||"en"!=WH.pageLang||"dfp"==this.service||this.aditudeOnAdsense)&&(r=this.service,this.service="aditude","tips"!=this.type||WH.shared.isSmallSize||WH.shared.isTest("aditudeNoAdsense")||(this.service=r));this.freestarOnAdsense=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-freestar_on_adsense");WH.shared.isTest("freestar")&&("dfp"==this.service||this.freestarOnAdsense)&&(r=this.service,this.service="freestar","tips"!=this.type||WH.shared.isSmallSize||(this.service=r));e&&WH.shared.isLargeSize&&(this.adSize="large",this.largeChannels=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-largechannels"),this.channels=this.channels?this.channels+","+this.largeChannels:this.largeChannels);this.channels&&g?this.channels=this.channels+","+g:g&&(this.channels=g);if("adsense"!=this.service||this.slot){this.instantLoad=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-instantload");WH.shared.isTest("aditude")&&"scrollto"!=this.type&&(this.instantLoad=!0);if("adsense"==this.service||WH.shared.isMedSize)this.adElement. classList.remove("dfpsmall"),this.adElement.classList.remove("dfpsmallmethod");this.adLabelClass=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-adlabelclass");this.apsTimeout=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-aps-timeout");this.apsVid=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-apsvid");this.refreshtimeout=!1;this.refreshNumber=1;this.maxRefresh=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-max-refresh");this.refreshTime=(this.refreshTime=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-refresh-time"))?parseInt(this.refreshTime):3E4;this.firstRefresh=!0;this.firstRefreshTime=(this.firstRefreshTime=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-first-refresh-time"))?parseInt(this.firstRefreshTime):this.refreshTime;this.useScrollLoader=!0;this.observerLoading=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-observerloading");this.logData=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-logdata");this.logUnfilled=!1;this.logData&&(c=this.adElement.getAttribute("data-logdatapercent"),Math.floor(100*Math.random())>c&&(this.logData=!1));this.getRefreshTime=function(){var a= this.refreshTime;1==this.firstRefresh&&(this.firstRefresh=!1,a=this.firstRefreshTime);U&&(a-=1500);return a};this.getRefreshValue=function(){if(0==this.refreshNumber&&!this.refreshable)return"not";this.refreshNumber++;return 20<this.refreshNumber?"max":this.refreshNumber.toString()};this.INPLoad=function(){var a=this,c,f,r,d,e;return $jscomp.asyncExecutePromiseGeneratorProgram(function(g){switch(g.nextAddress){case 1:c=1==a.adElement.getAttribute("data-small");f=1==a.adElement.getAttribute("data-medium");r=1==a.adElement.getAttribute("data-large");d=!1;if(c&&WH.shared.isSmallSize||f&&WH.shared.isMedSize||r&&WH.shared.isLargeSize)d=!0;if(!d)return a.disabled=!0,g.return();if(1==a.isLoaded)return g.return();if("dfp"!=a.service){"dfplight"==a.service?insertDFPLightAd(a):"optout"==a.service?za(a):"amazonshopping"==a.service?ya(a):"aditude"==a.service?X(a):"freestar"==a.service?ja(a):Y(a);g.jumpTo(2);break}e=a;window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){!0!==e.slotDefined&&(h( "defining new ad slot",e.adTargetId,e.sizesArray,e),h("defineSlot new ad slot",e.adunitpath,e.sizesArray,e.adTargetId),q[e.adTargetId]=window.googletag.defineSlot(e.adunitpath,e.sizesArray,e.adTargetId),q[e.adTargetId].addService(window.googletag.pubads()),q[e.adTargetId].setCollapseEmptyDiv(!1),window.googletag.display(e.adTargetId),e.slotDefined=!0);e.isDFPLoading=!0;"small"!=e.adSize&&0<e.height&&"lgm_outvd"!=e.type&&"lgm_gamoutvd"!=e.type&&"sma_gamoutvd"!=e.type&&(e.element.style.minHeight=e.height+"px");var a=q[e.adTargetId];a&&(h("clearing kvp for ad",e.adTargetId),a.clearTargeting())});return g.yield(b(),3);case 3:return window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){e.apsload&&(h("apsLoad called from load"),O(e))}),g.yield(b(),4);case 4:window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){e.pbload&&K(e)}),window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){e.apsload||e.pbload||z(e)});case 2:a.isLoaded=!0,g.jumpToEnd()}})};this.load=function(){if(WH.shared.isTest("webvitalsINP"))this.INPLoad();else{var a=1==this. adElement.getAttribute("data-small"),c=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-medium"),f=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-large"),b=!1;if(a&&WH.shared.isSmallSize||c&&WH.shared.isMedSize||f&&WH.shared.isLargeSize)b=!0;if(!b)this.disabled=!0;else if(1!=this.isLoaded){if("dfp"==this.service){var e=this;window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){0==e.slotDefined&&(h("defining new ad slot",e.adTargetId,e.sizesArray,e),h("defineSlot new ad slot",e.adunitpath,e.sizesArray,e.adTargetId),q[e.adTargetId]=window.googletag.defineSlot(e.adunitpath,e.sizesArray,e.adTargetId),q[e.adTargetId].addService(window.googletag.pubads()),q[e.adTargetId].setCollapseEmptyDiv(!1),window.googletag.display(e.adTargetId),e.slotDefined=!0);e.isDFPLoading=!0;"small"!=e.adSize&&0<e.height&&"lgm_outvd"!=e.type&&"lgm_gamoutvd"!=e.type&&"sma_gamoutvd"!=e.type&&(e.element.style.minHeight=e.height+"px");if(a=q[a])h("clearing kvp for ad",e.adTargetId),a.clearTargeting();if(e.apsload){var a=e.adTargetId;h( "apsLoad called from load");O(e)}e.pbload&&K(e);e.apsload||e.pbload||z(e)})}else"dfplight"==this.service?insertDFPLightAd(this):"optout"==this.service?za(this):"amazonshopping"==this.service?ya(this):"aditude"==this.service?X(this):"freestar"==this.service?ja(this):Y(this);this.isLoaded=!0}}};this.refreshQuizAd=function(){if("adsense"==this.service)this.element.innerHTML="",Y(this);else if("aditude"==this.service){var a=this;a.element.innerHTML="";var c=W(a.adTargetId);c&&(a.aditudeTargeting.quiz_pos=c,h("refreshQuizAd aditude targeting",a.aditudeTargeting));tude.cmd.push(function(){tude.refreshAdsViaDivMappings([{divId:a.aditudeDivId,baseDivId:a.aditudeBaseDivId,targeting:a.aditudeTargeting}],!0)})}else this.apsload&&O(this),this.pbload&&K(this),this.apsload||this.pbload||"dfp"!=this.service||z(this)};this.refresh=function(){var a=this;a.timeoutId=null;if(gb())h("refresh: doc hidden"),setTimeout(function(){a.refresh()},5E3);else{this.lastRefreshScrollY=window.scrollY;var c=window. innerHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight,f=this.element.getBoundingClientRect();P(f,c,!1,a)?(c=this.getRefreshValue(),this.maxRefresh&&c>this.maxRefresh?(h("max refreshes reached returning"),this.refreshable=!1):(this.isRefreshLoad=!0,this.apsload&&(h("apsLoad called from refresh"),O(this)),this.pbload&&K(this),this.apsload||this.pbload||z(this))):setTimeout(function(){a.refresh()},5E3)}};this.show=function(){this.adElement.style.display="block"};this.instantLoad&&("adsense"==this.service&&this.load(),"aditude"==this.service&&this.load(),"freestar"==this.service&&this.load())}else this.disabled=!0,c.style.display="none"}else this.disabled=!0,c.parentElement.removeChild(c),c.style.display="none"}function Ba(a){Aa.call(this,a)}function qb(a){Aa.call(this,a);this.disabled||(a.parentElement.style.display="none",this.scrollToTimer=null,this.slotRendered=!0,this.lastScrollPositionY=0,this.scrolltoNewLoad=!0,"IntersectionObserver"in window||(this.scrolltoNewLoad=!1),this. prebidAdUnitTest=1==this.adElement.getAttribute("data-prebidadunittest"),this.maxNonSteps=parseInt(this.adElement.getAttribute("data-maxnonsteps")),this.maxSteps=parseInt(this.adElement.getAttribute("data-maxsteps")),this.noStepsAds=!1,0<document.getElementsByClassName("questions_as_methods_articles").length&&(this.noStepsAds=!0),this.loadedElements=[],this.updateVisibility=function(){if(0==this.slotRendered)h("updateVisibility: will not try to insert scrollto ad because prev render is not done");else if(1>this.maxNonSteps&&1>this.maxSteps)Q&&(window.removeEventListener("scroll",Q),Q=null);else if(this.lastScrollPositionY=window.scrollY,10<this.lastScrollPositionY){null!==this.scrollToTimer&&clearTimeout(this.scrollToTimer);var a=this;this.scrollToTimer=setTimeout(function(){a.load()},1E3)}},this.loadScrolltoNew=function(){G.unobserve(y);var a=1==y.getAttribute("data-isstep");if(!(a&&1>this.maxSteps||!a&&1>this.maxNonSteps)){var f=document.createElement("div"),b=document.createElement( "div");this.height&&(f.style.minHeight=this.height+"px");b.id=this.adTargetId;f.className="wh_ad_inner wh_ad_active wh_ad_spacing";f.className+=" w_label al_grey";y.classList.contains("before")&&(f.className+=" before");y.classList.contains("during")&&(f.className+=" during");y.classList.contains("after")&&(f.className+=" after");f.appendChild(b);y.after(f);this.insertSlotValue=10<u?"0"+u:"00"+u;u++;this.element.id="scrollto_ad_"+u;a?this.maxSteps--:this.maxNonSteps--;Ca(this)}},this.load=function(){if(!this.scrolltoNewLoad)if((window.innerWidth||document.documentElement.clientWidth)<WH.mediumScreenMinWidth)this.maxSteps=this.maxNonSteps=0;else{a:{var a=window.innerHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight;var f=document.getElementsByClassName("section"),b=!1;this.questionsPage&&(b=!0,f=document.getElementsByClassName("qa_aq"));this.listPage&&(b=!0);for(var e=null,d=!1,h=0;h<f.length;h++)if(!(b&&h%2)){var g=f[h];if("aiinfo"!=g.id&&!g.classList.contains("bss_share_container")&&!g. classList.contains("tips")&&!g.classList.contains("references")){if(1==d){var k=g.getElementsByClassName("section_text");if(!k.length&&!b){a=null;break a}b||(g=k[k.length-1]);if("references_second"==g.id)continue;k=g.getBoundingClientRect();if(k.bottom>=screenTop&&k.bottom<=a)continue;e=g;break}if("intro"!=g.id){if(g.classList.contains("steps")&&!this.noStepsAds){k=g.getElementsByClassName("steps_list_2");if(!k||!k[0])continue;g=a;k=k[0].childNodes;for(var l=null,m=0;m<k.length;m++){var p=k[m];if("LI"==p.nodeName){var n=p.getBoundingClientRect();if(P(n,g,!1,this)&&!(n.bottom>=screenTop&&n.bottom<=g)){l=p;break}}}g=l;if(!g)continue;e=g;break}if((k=g.getElementsByClassName("section_text"))&&k[0]||b)if(b||(g=k[0]),k=g.getBoundingClientRect(),P(k,a,!1,this))if(k.bottom>=screenTop&&k.bottom<=a)d=!0;else{e=g;break}}}}a=e}a&&(f="LI"==a.tagName,f&&1>this.maxSteps||!f&&1>this.maxNonSteps||(b=a.getElementsByTagName("INS"),0<b.length||(b=a.getElementsByClassName("wh_ad_active"),0<b.length||(0<a. getElementsByClassName("addTipElement").length&&a.classList.add("has_scrolltoad"),b=document.createElement("div"),e=document.createElement("div"),this.height&&(b.style.minHeight=this.height+"px"),e.id=this.adTargetId,b.className="wh_ad_inner wh_ad_active wh_ad_spacing",b.className+=" w_label al_grey scrollto_old",b.appendChild(e),a.appendChild(b),this.insertSlotValue=10<u?"0"+u:"00"+u,u++,this.element.id="scrollto_ad_"+u,f?this.maxSteps--:this.maxNonSteps--,Ca(this)))))}})}function rb(a){var c=document.getElementById("scrollto-promo"),b=c.getAttribute("data-promos"),d=JSON.parse(b);b=d.pop();c.setAttribute("data-promos",JSON.stringify(d));d=document.createElement("a");d.setAttribute("href",b.url);c=a.adTargetId+"_a";d.id=c;var e=document.createElement("img");e.setAttribute("loading","lazy");e.setAttribute("width",728);e.setAttribute("height",90);e.setAttribute("src",b.src);d.appendChild(e);e=document.getElementById(a.adTargetId);e.appendChild(d);e.style.width="728px";document. getElementById(a.adTargetId).appendChild(d);d=a.adElement.getAttribute("data-adexcludepage");WH.eventView("article_promo_house_scrollto_click_go_sc",{course_name:b.course_name,dest_url:b.url,ad_exclude:d},"#"+c,"click");a.adTargetId=a.element.id;a.slotRendered=!0}function V(a){a=parseInt(a);return 100<=a?a:10<=a?"0"+a:"00"+a}function Ca(a){"house"==a.service?rb(a):"dfp"==a.service?(a.slotRendered=!1,window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){a.adTargetId in q&&0==Da&&(WH.eventView("scrollto_target_already_defined"),console.log("scrollto_target_already_defined"),Da=!0);h("insertScrollToAd defineSlot new ad slot",a.adunitpath,a.sizesArray,a.adTargetId);q[a.adTargetId]=window.googletag.defineSlot(a.adunitpath,a.sizesArray,a.adTargetId);q[a.adTargetId].addService(window.googletag.pubads());q[a.adTargetId].clearTargeting();q[a.adTargetId].setTargeting("slot",V(a.insertSlotValue));window.googletag.display(a.adTargetId);a.apsload&&(h("apsLoad called from insertScrollToAd"),O(a));a.pbload&&K(a);a. pbload||a.apsload||z(a)})):("aditude"==a.service?X(a):"freestar"==a.service?ja(a):Y(a),a.adTargetId=a.element.id,a.slotRendered=!0)}function P(a,c,b,d){var f=R;b&&(b=c,d instanceof Ba&&(b=2*c),f=0-b,c+=b);return a.top>=f&&a.top<=c||a.bottom>=f&&a.bottom<=c||a.top<=f&&a.bottom>=c||d.last&&a.top<=f?!0:!1}function Ea(a,c){if(!a.isLoaded&&0!=a.useScrollLoader){var b=a.element.getBoundingClientRect();P(b,c,!0,a)&&a.load()}}function sb(){for(var a=window.innerHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight,c=[],b=0;b<n.length;b++){var d=b;var e=n[b];var g=a;if(Z)e=void 0;else{var h=e.adElement.getBoundingClientRect();if(P(h,g,!1,e))if(g=R+parseInt(e.height),h.bottom<g&&!e.last)"bottom"!=e.position&&(e.element.style.position="absolute",e.element.style.top="auto",e.element.style.bottom="0",e.position="bottom");else if(h.top<=R){"fixed"!=e.position&&(e.element.style.position="fixed",e.isFixed=!0,e.position="fixed");g=R;if(e.last){var k=window.scrollY+R+parseInt(e.height),l=document. documentElement.scrollHeight-ma;k>l&&(g-=k-l)}e.element.style.top=g+"px"}else"top"!=e.position&&(e.element.style.position="absolute",e.element.style.top="0",e.element.style.bottom="auto",e.position="top");else"fixed"==e.position&&(e.element.style.position="absolute",e.element.style.top="0",e.element.style.bottom="auto",e.position="top");e=h.height}c[d]=e}a=n;if(WH.shared.isLargeSize&&!(Fa||40<=Ga||"complete"!=document.readyState)){Ga++;b=0;if(d=document.getElementById("sidebar"))b=d.offsetHeight;d=0;if(e=document.getElementById("article"))d=e.offsetHeight;if(0<d&&0<b&&b>d){d=parseInt((b-d+10)/3);e=!1;for(b=0;b<a.length;b++){h=c[b]-d;if(600>h){e=!0;break}a[b].element.style.height=h+"px"}if(1==e){for(b=1;b<a.length;b++)c=a[b].element,c.parentElement.removeChild(c);a.length=1}Fa=!0}}}function na(){for(var a=!0,c=window.innerHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight,b=0;b<n.length;b++){var d=n[b];d.isLoaded||(a=!1,Ea(d,c))}for(b in w)d=w[b],d.isLoaded||(a=!1,Ea(d,c));a&&(window. removeEventListener("scroll",aa),aa=null)}function tb(){m.updateVisibility()}function ub(a){(new IntersectionObserver(function(a,b){a.forEach(function(a){a.isIntersecting&&loadGPT()})},{rootMargin:"0px 0px "+(5*ba+40)+"px 0px"})).observe(a)}function Ha(a){(a||!WH.shared.isSmallSize)&&"IntersectionObserver"in window&&!G&&(h("setting up scrollto observer with root loading margin",oa),G=new IntersectionObserver(function(a,b){a.forEach(function(a){Ia(a.target,a.isIntersecting)})},{rootMargin:oa}),document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){Ja()},!1))}function Ja(){if(1!=Ka&&m&&!m.disabled){for(var a=document.getElementsByClassName("scrolltomarker"),c=0;c<a.length;c++)G.observe(a[c]);Ka=!0}}function vb(a){var c=document.createElement("ul");c.id="debug_ul";for(var b=0;b<a.length;b++){var d=document.createElement("li");d.appendChild(document.createTextNode(a[b]));c.appendChild(d)}return c}function wb(){xa()&&document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){var a=[],c= "current bucket: "+window.WH.bucket;a.push(c);c="VI cookie found"+!F;a.push(c);c=("; "+document.cookie).split("; vr=");var b="";2==c.length&&(b=c.pop().split(";").shift());a.push("vr cookie val: "+b);c="google fc domain: "+window.fcdomain;a.push(c);c="googlefc active: "+B;a.push(c);"true"==window.isCoppa&&a.push("COPPA page with no prebid: true");L()&&a.push("has ccpa opt out cookie: true");window.activeAdTests&&0!=window.activeAdTests.length||a.push("no active ad test on page");for(var d in window.activeAdTests)"iab3"!=d&&"apsSignals"!=d&&"amazonSignalsSiteKeywords"!=d&&(c="active ad test: "+d,a.push(c));if(d=document.getElementById("article_courses_banner"))d.style.display="none";if(d=document.getElementById("footer"))c=document.createElement("div"),c.id="debug_hover",c.appendChild(vb(a)),d.parentNode.insertBefore(c,d)})}function xb(){if(B){var a=0<=document.cookie.indexOf("gfc_responded=1")?!0:!1;if(a)h("userHasRespondedGFC true will not load gfc font");else{h( "inserting googlefc font");a=document.createElement("link");a.rel="preload";a.as="image";a.href="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/0v0wDniiKjE2_FsBjp66cm35Ka6b4NAVEGnGwbB8rq3boU6ejHODVS9wMTK7CUf9F5hrvDXqnsY3IPOPPuLUC-Up8VIFZbk9p8qpI23w2TxVdPTKmqo=h60";var c=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];c.parentNode.insertBefore(a,c);var b=document.createElement("link");a.rel="stylesheet";b.href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Material+Icons|Open+Sans:400,600,700&display=swap";c.parentNode.insertBefore(b,c)}}}function jb(){if(!WH.shared.isTest("aditude_idprofile"))return null;if(window.WH.shaEmail)return window.WH.shaEmail;a:{var a=document.cookie.split("; ");a=$jscomp.makeIterator(a);for(var c=a.next();!c.done;c=a.next()){var b=$jscomp.makeIterator(c.value.split("="));c=b.next().value;b=b.next().value;if("hashEmail"===c){a=decodeURIComponent(b);break a}}a=""}h("got hash email",a);return a}function yb(){"quiz"==window.whadconfig.gamconfig.pagetype?h( "initRightRailHeightCheck will not do right rail height check on quiz page"):document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){var a=document.getElementById("content_inner");if(a){var c=document.getElementById("sidebar");c&&(100<c.offsetHeight-a.offsetHeight?(La(c,a,100),ca(c,a),window.addEventListener("load",function(b){La(c,a,100);ca(c,a)})):window.addEventListener("load",function(b){ca(c,a)}),window.addEventListener("load",function(b){if(Z&&"ResizeObserver"in window){b=new ResizeObserver(function(b){ca(c,a)});document.scrollingElement&&b.observe(document.scrollingElement);var f=document.getElementById("mw-mf-page-center");f&&b.observe(f)}}))}},!1)}function La(a,c,b){if(a&&c){var f=a.lastChild;f.classList.contains("wh_ad_inner")&&(f.style.height="600px");if(!f.classList.contains("sample_ads")){for(var e=0,d=c.offsetHeight,g=a.offsetHeight;g-d>b&&f;)d=f.previousSibling,0<f.offsetHeight&&(a.removeChild(f),e++),f=d,f.classList.contains("wh_ad_inner")&&(f.style.height="600px"),d=c. offsetHeight,g=a.offsetHeight;h("removed",e,"elements from sidebar")}}}function ca(a,c){for(var b=null,d=$jscomp.makeIterator(a.children),e=d.next();!e.done;e=d.next())e=e.value,"SCRIPT"!=e.tagName&&(b=e.classList.contains("wh_ad_inner")||e.classList.contains("wh_ad_inner")?e:null);b&&(d=b.offsetHeight,a=d+(c.offsetHeight-a.offsetHeight-10),0<a&&a!=d&&(h("setting height of last RR ad from",d,"to",a),b.style.height=a+"px"))}function pb(){0==Ma&&(h("setting googletag npaEnabled"),window.googletag=window.googletag||{cmd:[]},window.googletag.cmd=window.googletag.cmd||[],googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.pubads().setPrivacySettings({nonPersonalizedAds:!0})}),Ma=!0);0==Na&&(h("setting adsense requestNonPersonalizedAds"),(window.adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).requestNonPersonalizedAds=1,Na=!0)}function pa(a){if("intro_ad_1"==a&&B){var c=document.getElementById(a);WH.shared.isSmallSize&&(c.style.height="100px")}if(1==(Oa()?0==da?!0:!1:!1))h( "not refreshing ads due to waiting for consent ",a),S.push(a);else if(c=document.getElementById(a))if(1==c.parentElement.getAttribute("data-affiliatecheck"))c.parentElement.setAttribute("data-affiliatecheck",0),c.parentElement.classList.remove("w_label"),c.classList.remove("w_label"),qa.push(a);else{var b=null;b="scrollto"==c.parentElement.getAttribute("data-type")?new qb(c):new Ba(c);if("quizpage_top_ad_1"==a){a=document.getElementById("quizpage_top_ad_1").parentNode;var d=document.getElementById("breadcrumb").parentNode;a&&d&&d.parentNode.insertBefore(a,d)}a=null==H?!1:!0;var e=!1;b.disabled||((U=1==b.adElement.getAttribute("data-prebidtimeouttest"))&&h("prebid timeout test active"),WH.shared.isTest("webvitalsINP")&&b.pbload&&"dfp"==b.service&&A(),"rightrail"==b.type?(b.last=!0,0<n.length&&(n[n.length-1].last=!1),n.push(b),a&&b.observerLoading&&0==b.instantLoad&&(e=!0,b.useScrollLoader=!1)):"rightrail_second"==b.type?zb.push(b):"toc"==b.type?(I=b,b.adElement.style.display="none"): "scrollto"==b.type?(m=b,b.scrolltoNewLoad||(Q=WH.shared.throttle(tb,100),window.addEventListener("scroll",Q))):"quiz"==b.type?(M[b.adElement.parentElement.id]=b,b.adElement.parentElement.addEventListener("change",function(a){a=this.id;M[a]&&(b.adElement.classList.remove("hidden"),M[a].load())})):(w[b.element.id]=b,a&&b.observerLoading&&0==b.instantLoad&&(e=!0,b.useScrollLoader=!1)),"dfp"==b.service?(c.parentElement.classList.add("gam"),Pa&&(Pa=!1,ub(b.element)),"scrollto"!=b.type&&b.dfpdisplaylate?window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){b.slotDefined=!1;b.instantLoad&&(h("will do instant load"),b.load());1==e&&("lgm_outvd"==b.type||"sma_outvd"==b.type?ra.observe(b.element):H.observe(b.element))}):"scrollto"!=b.type&&window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){window.googletag.display(b.adTargetId)})):1==e&&H.observe(b.element),b.pbload&&"dfp"==b.service&&window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){J()}))}}function Qa(a){var b=w[a.id];if(b){if(WH.shared.isTest("webvitalsINP")&&"scheduler"in window){a=b. load.bind(b);scheduler.postTask(a,{priority:"background"});return}b.load()}for(var f=!1,d=null,e=0;e<n.length;e+=1)b=n[e],b.element==a&&(d=b),1==b.isDFPLoading&&(f=!0);null!=d&&(0==f?d.load():Ra.push(d))}function Ia(a,b){b?y!=a&&1!=m.isLoadingAd&&(y=a,m.newScrollToTimer=setTimeout(function(){y!=a||m.loadedElements.includes(a)||(m.loadedElements.push(a),m.isLoadingAd=!0,m.loadScrolltoNew(),m.isLoadingAd=!1)},Sa)):y==a&&(y=null)}function Ta(a){a=performance.now();var b=a-sa;0==sa&&(h("first quiz refresh"),b=1E6);1E4>=b?h("last quiz refresh was",Math.floor(b/1E3),"seconds ago. will not refresh"):(1E6!=b&&h("last quiz refresh was",Math.floor(b/1E3),"seconds ago"),WH.shared.isTest("quizRefreshTimeLimit")&&(sa=a),setTimeout(function(){for(var a=["quizpage_top_ad_1","quizpage_after_intro_ad_1"],b=0;b<a.length;b++){var c=w[a[b]];c&&c.refreshQuizAd()}if(a=n[0])WH.shared.isTest("quizRefreshTimeLimit")?(b=performance.now()-a.lastRefreshTime,1E4<b&&2E4>b?(h("last RR refresh was",Math.floor(b/1E3), "seconds ago. will refresh"),a.refreshQuizAd()):h("last RR refresh was",Math.floor(b/1E3),"seconds ago. will not refresh")):a.refreshQuizAd();Ua=!1},100))}function Va(a,b,f){var c=[];Array.isArray(b)||(b=[b]);for(var d=0;d<=b.length-1;d++){var g=b[d];"fluid"!=g&&c.push(g)}return{code:a,mediaTypes:{banner:{sizes:c}},bids:f}}function ta(a,b){var c="";switch(a){case"ix":c={bidder:"ix",params:{siteId:b}};break;case"appnexus":c={bidder:"appnexus",params:{placementId:b}};break;case"rubicon":c={bidder:"rubicon",params:{accountId:"15274",zoneId:b,siteId:"333816"}};break;case"shemedia":c={bidder:"shemedia",params:{accountId:"10278",zoneId:b,siteId:"210096"}};break;case"yieldmo":c={bidder:"yieldmo",params:{placementId:b}};break;case"sharethrough":c={bidder:"sharethrough",params:{pkey:b}};break;case"yahooAds":c={bidder:"yahooAds",params:{dcn:"8a96954f01747430358b3651f057032b",pos:b}};break;case"medianet":c={bidder:"medianet",params:{cid:"8CU991R7P",crid:b}};break;case"rise":c={bidder:"rise", params:{org:"63863e3bbedf0400012408e9",placementId:b}};break;case"pubmatic":c={bidder:"pubmatic",params:{publisherId:"159508",adSlot:b}};break;case"amx":c={bidder:"amx",params:{tagId:b}};break;case"openx":c={bidder:"openx",params:{delDomain:"wikihow-d.openx.net",unit:b}};break;case"grid":c={bidder:"grid",params:{uid:b}};break;case"triplelift":c={bidder:"triplelift",params:{inventoryCode:b}}}return c}function ob(a,b,d,g){var c=[];if(!Wa.includes(a)){Wa.push(a);if(ua[g]){c=JSON.parse(ua[g]);for(var f=0;f<c.length;f++)c[f].code=a}else{b=JSON.parse(b);if(!b)return[];for(var h in b){f=a;var k=h;var r=b[h],l=d,m=[],n=JSON.stringify(l);if(Array.isArray(r))for(l=0;l<r.length;l++){var q=r[l][1];if(!WH.shared.isTest("rightrailDoubleAds")||n.includes(JSON.stringify(q))){var t=ta(k,r[l][0]);t=Va(f,q,[t]);m.push(t)}}else t=ta(k,r,l),t=Va(f,l,[t]),m.push(t);if(k=m)for(f=0;f<k.length;f++)c.push(k[f])}!WH.shared.isTest("rightrailDoubleAds")||"/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2"!=g&& "/10095428/intl/intl_gam_lgm_rght2"!=g||(ua[g]=JSON.stringify(c))}p(c)}}function Xa(){h("addPausedBodyAds",S);for(var a=0;a<S.length;a++)pa(S[a]);S=[];Ja()}function Oa(){if(B)return!0;da=!0;return!1}function ia(){var a="other";null!==document.querySelector(".thingsyoushouldknow.before_steps_section")?a="tysk":1==window.whadconfig.answerbox&&(a="answerbox");return a}function W(a){if("quiz"!=window.whadconfig.gamconfig.pagetype||!a)return null;var b=a.slice(9,-5);"rightrail0_ad_1"==a&&(b="rightrail");var d="";if("undefined"==typeof WH.QuizArticles||"start"==WH.QuizArticles.state)d="start";else if("results"==WH.QuizArticles.state)d="results";else{var g=document.getElementById("quiz_slide");g&&(d=parseInt(g.dataset.slide));0==Ua&&(d+=1)}b=b+"-"+d;h("getQuizPositionTargetingValue",a,b);return b}var n=[],zb=[],Ra=[],q=[],S=[],Ya=!1,ea=!1,da=!1,qa=[],Pa=!0,N=null,Fa=!1,Ga=0,v=1,U=!1,M={},Ua=!0,m=null,y=null,u=1,Da=!1,I,w={},aa=null,Q=null,G=null,Za=null,R=WH.shared.TOP_MENU_HEIGHT,ma=114,ba= window.innerHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight,H=null,$a=2*ba,ra=null,Ab=ba,Ma=!1,Na=!1,Wa=[],ua={},sa=0;"object"==typeof WH&&(WH.isTest=WH.shared.isTest);var x=window.navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(),kb=/(trill_|musical_ly_)[\d\.]+/.test(x);window.restrictDataProcessing=!1;L()&&(window.restrictDataProcessing=!0);var C=!1,F=!1;(function(){var a=("; "+document.cookie).split("; vi="),b=null;2==a.length&&(b=a.pop().split(";").shift());a=window.location.href;-1==a.indexOf("?EUtest=1")&&-1==a.indexOf("&EUtest=1")||(b="EU");if("EU"==b)return!0;null==b&&("function"==typeof WH.eventView&&WH.eventView("visitor_no_vi_cookie"),F=!0);return!1})()&&(C=!0);var B=!1;window.fcdomain&&C&&(B=!0);WH.shared.isSmallSize&&window.dfpSmall&&($a=5*ba);var Bb="0px 0px "+$a+"px 0px",Cb="0px 0px "+Ab+"px 0px",oa="-104% 0px 950px 0px",Sa=1700,Z=!1;window.CSS&&window.CSS.supports&&window.CSS.supports("position","sticky")&&(Z=!0);var ka=!1;-1!=window.location.href.indexOf("empty=1")&&(ka=!0);window. googletag=window.googletag||{};window.googletag.cmd=window.googletag.cmd||[];var wa={buckets:[{precision:2,max:3,increment:.01},{precision:2,max:8,increment:.05},{precision:2,max:20,increment:.5},{precision:2,max:45,increment:1}]},T=[],ab=document.getElementById("adDataConfig"),D=null;null!=ab&&(D=JSON.parse(ab.innerHTML))&&(D.scrolltoRootLoadingMargin&&(h("configData.scrolltoRootLoadingMargin",D.scrolltoRootLoadingMargin),oa=D.scrolltoRootLoadingMargin),D.scrolltoLoadingCheck&&(h("configData.scrolltoLoadingCheck",D.scrolltoLoadingCheck),Sa=D.scrolltoLoadingCheck));window.pbjs=window.pbjs||{};window.pbjs.que=window.pbjs.que||[];window.pbjsrequested=!1;window.pbjsloaded=!1;WH.shared.isTest("webvitalsINP")&&window.pbjs.que.push(function(){window.pbjs.onEvent("addAdUnits",function(){h("prebid ad units were added",pbjs.adUnits)});window.pbjs.onEvent("beforeRequestBids",k);window.pbjs.onEvent("bidWon",function(a){h(a.bidderCode+" attempt won the ad server auction for ad unit "+a.adUnitCode+ " at "+a.cpm+" CPM")})});window.googletag&&(window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){window.googletag.pubads().addEventListener("slotOnload",function(a){a=a.slot.getSlotId().getAdUnitPath();h("GPT lazyload slotOnload:",a)});window.googletag.pubads().addEventListener("slotRequested",function(a){a=a.slot;var b=a.getSlotId().getDomId(),d=a.getSlotId().getAdUnitPath();h("GPT slotRequested:",b,d,a.getTargetingMap());h("GPT lazyload slotRequested:",d)})}),window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){window.googletag.pubads().addEventListener("slotResponseReceived",function(a){a=a.slot;var b=a.getSlotId().getDomId(),d=a.getSlotId().getAdUnitPath(),g=a.getResponseInformation(),e=null,k=null;g?(e=g.campaignId,k=g.lineItemId):h("GPT slotResponseReceived: no response information received for request",b);2622783038==e?h("GPT slotResponseReceived: aps won",b,d,"campaign:",e,"lineItem:",k,"queryId:",a.getEscapedQemQueryId()):2709340992==e?h("GPT slotResponseReceived: prebid won",b,d,"campaign:",e,"lineItem:",k, "queryId:",a.getEscapedQemQueryId()):h("GPT slotResponseReceived",b,d,"response info",g,"queryId:",a.getEscapedQemQueryId());E()&&m&&d==m.adunitpath&&(h("GPT slotResponseReceived done updating scrollto adTargetId from/to",m.adTargetId,m.element.id),m.adTargetId=m.element.id)})}));"IntersectionObserver"in window&&(H=new IntersectionObserver(function(a,b){a.forEach(function(a){a.isIntersecting&&(Qa(a.target),H.unobserve(a.target))})},{rootMargin:Bb}),ra=new IntersectionObserver(function(a,b){a.forEach(function(a){a.isIntersecting&&(Qa(a.target),ra.unobserve(a.target))})},{rootMargin:Cb}));WH.isMobile&&(ma=314);WH.shared.isLargeSize&&WH.shared.isTest("aditude")&&"quiz"==window.whadconfig.gamconfig.pagetype&&window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){window.googletag.pubads().addEventListener("slotRenderEnded",function(a){(a=a.slot)&&"rightrail0_ad_1"==a.getSlotId().getDomId()&&n&&(a=n[0],a.lastRefreshTime=performance.now(),h("setting last refresh time on rr ad to",Math.floor(a.lastRefreshTime/ 1E3),"seconds"))})});var Ka=!1,la=function(){var a="",b=/safari/.test(x);b&&(a="safari");var d=/chrome/.test(x);d&&b&&(a="chrome");(d=/crios/.test(x))&&b&&(a="chrome");(b=/firefox/.test(x))&&(a="firefox");(b=/fxios/.test(x))&&(a="firefox");if(a){b="intl";"en"==window.WH.pageLang&&(b="en");d="desktop";WH.shared.isSmallSize&&(d="mobile");var g="",e=("; "+document.cookie).split("; vr=");2==e.length&&(e=e.pop().split(";").shift(),1<e.length&&(g=e.substring(0,2)));if("US"!=g)return{};g={chrome:{mobile:{en:{intro:3831013383,step2:2761689897},intl:{intro:4981525093,step2:2952142028}},desktop:{en:{intro:3427263678,rightrail:1512187404},intl:{intro:7301847935,rightrail:7547112715}}},firefox:{mobile:{en:{intro:6026147487,step2:2909029558},intl:{intro:4819757463,step2:8189238406}},desktop:{en:{intro:2422175900,rightrail:6764514081},intl:{intro:3707337418,rightrail:4628185779}}},safari:{mobile:{en:{intro:1042280081,step2:8891768372},intl:{intro:1453381617,step2:8537626724}},desktop:{en:{intro: 7366508688,rightrail:2323572165},intl:{intro:9708519428,rightrail:6103035071}}}};e={};a in g&&d in g[a]&&b in g[a][d]&&(e=g[a][d][b]);return e}}();if(window.location.href&&window.location.href.indexOf(!0)){var bb=(new URLSearchParams(window.location.search)).get("setvr");if(bb){var va=new Date;va.setTime(va.getTime()+31536E6);var Db="; expires="+va.toGMTString();document.cookie="vr="+bb+Db+"; path=/"}}Oa()?(Ya=!0,ea=!1,window.googlefc=window.googlefc||{},window.googlefc.callbackQueue=window.googlefc.callbackQueue||[],h("googlefc queue __tcfapi call"),window.googlefc.callbackQueue.push({CONSENT_API_READY:function(){return __tcfapi("addEventListener",2,function(a,b){h("tcData",a,"listenerSuccess",b);WH.ads.searchAdsOk=!0;"useractioncomplete"===a.eventStatus||"tcloaded"===a.eventStatus?(ea=da=!0,h("setUserHasRespondedGFC"),b=new Date,b.setTime(b.getTime()+2592E3),b.toGMTString(),document.cookie="gfc_responded=1; path=/",Xa(),__tcfapi("removeEventListener",2,a.listenerId)):0==a.gdprApplies &&(da=!0,Xa())})}})):ea=!0;return{init:function(){"undefined"!=typeof WH.eventView&&1>100*Math.random()&&WH.eventView("bucket_1k",{bucket:WH.bucket});var a=(window.innerWidth||document.documentElement.clientWidth)>=WH.largeScreenMinWidth;H||(aa=WH.shared.throttle(na,100),window.addEventListener("scroll",aa));1!=a||Z||(Za=WH.shared.throttle(sb,10),window.addEventListener("scroll",Za));a&&yb();document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){na()},!1);WH.shared&&WH.shared.addResizeFunction(na);xb();Ha(!1);wb()},addBodyAd:pa,addExtraRRElemement:function(a,b){document.getElementById(a);WH.eventView("rightrail_extra_sections_click",{section:b},"#"+a+" a","click")},loadTOCAd:function(a){if("string"===typeof a&&(a=a.slice(1),a=document.getElementById(a),I)){var b=$(a).next(".section").find(".steps_list_2 > li:first");$(a).hasClass("mw-headline")&&(b=$(a).parents(".section:first").find(".steps_list_2 > li:first"));b.length&&(b.append($(I.adElement)),I.load(),I.adElement.style.display= "block",I=null)}},slotRendered:function(a,b,d){a=d.slot;var c=a.getSlotId().getDomId(),e=a.getSlotId().getAdUnitPath(),f=d.isEmpty;ka&&(f=!0);a.getResponseInformation();xa()&&1==f&&(h("GPT slotRenderedEnded: ad is empty:",c,e,a.getTargetingMap()),a&&(e=a.getTargetingMap().hb_pb,"undefined"!=typeof e&&"undefined"!=typeof e[0]&&(e=e[0],a=a.getTargetingMap().hb_adid,a=a[0],h("GPT slotRenderedEnded: ad is empty hb_pb:",e,"hb_adid",a))));1==f&&("footerad"==c&&document.getElementById("footerad_wrap").remove(),"mp_rr_ad"==c||"outstreamVid"==c||"outstreamVidSmall"==c||"gamOutstreamVidSmall_ad_1"==c)&&(c=document.getElementById(c),a=window.location.href,c&&a&&0>a.indexOf("showemptyads=1")&&(WH.shared.isSmallSize&&(a=c.parentElement.nextSibling.nextSibling.nextSibling)&&"al_method"==a.className&&(a.parentElement.removeChild(a),h("removing ad label for empty video ad")),h("GPT slotRenderedEnded: removing empty video ad:",c),c.parentElement.parentElement.removeChild(c.parentElement)));if(d=eb(d)){ if(d.logData)a:if(c=d.adunitpath){if(!Number.isInteger(c)){c=c.split("/");if(!c||0==c.length)break a;c=c[c.length-1]}a=new XMLHttpRequest;h("adData log",WH.bucket,c);a.open("GET","/Special:AdEventEndpoint?bucket="+WH.bucket+"&name="+c+"&empty="+f,!0);a.send(null)}d.pbTargetingAdded=!1;d.apsDisplayBidsCalled=!1;d.slotRendered=!0;d.isDFPLoading=!1;"scrollto"==d.type&&(d.adTargetId=d.element.id);"rightrail"==d.type&&(d.height=d.element.offsetHeight,d.element.classList.remove("blockthrough"),d.extraChild&&b&&300>parseInt(b[1])?d.extraChild.style.visibility="visible":d.extraChild&&(d.extraChild.style.visibility="hidden"),(b=Ra.shift())&&b.load())}},impressionViewable:function(a){h("impressionViewable:",a.getSlotId().getDomId(),a.getSlotId().getAdUnitPath());for(var b,d=0;d<n.length;d++){var g=n[d];q[g.adTargetId]==a&&(b=g)}b&&(b.height=b.element.offsetHeight,b.refreshable&&b.viewablerefresh&&!b.timeoutId&&(b.lastRefreshTime=performance.now(),b.timeoutId=setTimeout(function(){b.refresh()},b. getRefreshTime())))},loadAdSpacing:function(){for(var a in w){var b=w[a];b&&b.element&&b.height&&(b.element.style.height=b.height+"px")}},gdprAccepted:function(){for(var a=0;a<n.length;a++){var b=n[a];0==a&&b.load()}for(a in w)b=w[a],b.instantLoad&&b.load()},promoLoadEvent:function(a,b,d){},setCustomBottomMarginHeight:function(a){ma=parseInt(a)},addHPRR:function(a){},setSampleTitle:function(a){if(WH.shared.isSmallSize){a=document.getElementById("section_0");var b=document.getElementById("docviewer_sample_ad");a&&b&&a.before(b)}},noAffiliatePlacements:function(){for(var a in qa){var b=qa[a];pa(b);"rightrail0_ad_1"==b&&(b=document.getElementById(b))&&b.classList.add("w_label")}if(m)for(a='<div class="scrolltomarker before"></div>',$(a).appendTo("#quiz_small_affiliate_placeholder"),$(a).insertBefore(".youmightalsolike"),a='<div class="scrolltomarker during after"></div>',$("#quiz_top_wrap").append(a),$('<div class="scrolltomarker during after"></div>').insertBefore( "#newsletter_block_main"),G=new IntersectionObserver(function(a,b){a.forEach(function(a){Ia(a.target,a.isIntersecting)})},{rootMargin:"0px 0px 0px 0px"}),Ha(!0),b=document.getElementsByClassName("scrolltomarker"),a=0;a<b.length;a++)G.observe(b[a])},refreshQuizAds:Ta,removeLRStorage:function(){document.cookie="_lr_sampling_rate=; Expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT;";document.cookie="_lr_geo_location_state=; Expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT;";document.cookie="_lr_geo_location=; Expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT;";document.cookie="_lr_env=; Expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT;"},searchAdsOk:ea,insertAditudeAd:X,tcConsent:Ya,getPrebidAdUnitBid:ta,startQuizClicked:function(){setTimeout(function(){var a=document.getElementById("quizpage_top_ad_1");if(a){a=a.parentElement;var b=document.getElementById("quiz_top_wrap");b.parentNode.insertBefore(a,b);Ta()}else!WH.shared.isLargeSize||1>n.length||(a=n[0],a.actionrefresh&&(a.adElement.style.height="600px",a.refresh()))},100)}}}();WH. ads.init();</script><div id="content_inner"><script>if (typeof mw != 'undefined') { mw.mobileFrontend.emit( 'header-loaded' ); }</script><div class="pre-content"><ul id="breadcrumb" class="breadcrumbs" aria-label="Category breadcrumbs"><li><a href="/Special:CategoryListing" title="Special:CategoryListing">Categories</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Education-and-Communications" title="Category:Education and Communications">Education and Communications</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Communication-Skills" title="Category:Communication Skills">Communication Skills</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Phone-Skills" title="Category:Phone Skills">Phone Skills</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Texting" title="Category:Texting">Texting</a></li></ul><h1 id="section_0" class="title_sm"><a href="https://www.wikihow.com/Schedule-a-Text">How to Schedule a Text Message on iPhone or Android</a></h1></div><div id="bodyContent" class="content"><script>window.WH=window.WH||{};window.WH.c=function(){function C(){var a=D().split("x")[0];return"undefined"!=typeof g.largeScreenMinWidth&&a&&parseInt(a,10)<g.largeScreenMinWidth?1:0}function p(){var a=E;if(h){var b=+new Date-h;0<b&&(a+=b)}return a}function F(a){if("undefined"!==typeof a&&"undefined"!==typeof a.target&&"undefined"!==typeof a.target.getAttribute&&(a=a.target.getAttribute("id"),"undefined"!==typeof a&&0!==a.indexOf("whvid-player")))return;G||(G=!0,k&&6>=k||(a=q({d:x?C()?"vm":"vw":"pv",m:g.pageName+" btraw "+p()/1E3,b:"6"}),delete a.dl,r("exit",a,!0)))}function H(){h&&(E+=+new Date-h,h=!1)}function I(){h||(h=+new Date)}function J(){var a=document.querySelectorAll("#intro, .section.steps, #quick_summary_section");if(a){var b=1E6,e=0;Array.prototype.forEach.call(a,function(a){var c=a;for(var d=0;c;)d+=c.offsetTop-c.clientTop,c=c.offsetParent;c=d;a=a.offsetHeight||a.clientHeight;b=Math.min(c,b);e=Math.max(c+a,e)});n=b;y=e}}function U(){var a=!1;try{var b=Object.defineProperty({}, "passive",{get:function(){a=!0}});window.addEventListener("testPassive",null,b);window.removeEventListener("testPassive",null,b)}catch(e){}window.addEventListener("scroll",function(){f++;if(-1!=t){var a=+new Date-u;a>=t+250&&(t=a,J())}var b=p();a=b-K;K=b;if(!(0>=a)){var c=window.scrollY||window.pageYOffset;b=c+(window.innerHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight);if(!(c>y||b<n)){var d=y-n;if(!(0>=d))for(c=Math.floor(128*(1*c-n)/d),0>c&&(c=0),b=Math.ceil(128*(1*b-n)/d),127<b&&(b=127),d=c;d<=b;)"undefined"===typeof v[d]&&(v[d]=0),v[d]+=a,d++}}});window.addEventListener("resize",function(){f++});window.addEventListener("click",function(){f++});b=a?{passive:!0}:!1;window.addEventListener("touchstart",function(){f++},b);window.addEventListener("touchend",function(){f++});window.addEventListener("touchcancel",function(){f++});window.addEventListener("touchmove",function(){f++},b);document.addEventListener("keydown",function(){f++});document.addEventListener("keyup",function(){f++}); document.addEventListener("keypress",function(){f++});setInterval(function(){t=-1;J();0<f&&(L++,f=0);var a=p();a>M&&(M=a,N<z&&N++)},3E3)}function r(a,b,e){var f="",c=!0,d;for(d in b)b.hasOwnProperty(d)&&(f+=(c?"":"&")+d+"="+encodeURIComponent(b[d]),c=!1);a=(O?"/x/collect.php":"/x/collect")+"?t="+a+"&"+f;e&&"function"===typeof navigator.sendBeacon?navigator.sendBeacon(a,""):(b=new XMLHttpRequest,b.open("GET",a,!e),b.send())}function P(){function a(){var a={ti:w[l].t};if(0===l){a:{try{var b=window.navigator,c=document,d=window.screen;a=Q(a,{de:c&&(c.characterSet||c.charset),ul:(b&&(b.language||b.browserLanguage)||"").toLowerCase(),sd:d&&d.colorDepth+"-bit",sr:d&&d.width+"x"+d.height,vp:D(),pr:"undefined"!=typeof window.devicePixelRatio?window.devicePixelRatio:0});var f=q(a);break a}catch(X){}f={}}r("first",f,!1)}else r("later",q(a),!1);l++;l<w.length&&P()}var b=+new Date;l<w.length&&(b=u+1E3*w[l].t-b,0>=b?a():setTimeout(a,b))}function Q(a,b){for(var e in b)b.hasOwnProperty(e)&& "undefined"==typeof a[e]&&(a[e]=b[e]);return a}function D(){var a=document,b=a.documentElement,e=a.body,f=e&&e.clientWidth&&e.clientHeight,c=[];b&&b.clientWidth&&b.clientHeight&&("CSS1Compat"===a.compatMode||!f)?c=[b.clientWidth,b.clientHeight]:f&&(c=[e.clientWidth,e.clientHeight]);return b=0>=c[0]||0>=c[1]?"":c.join("x")}function q(a){var b=V();250>b&&(b=1500);var e={gg:x,to:Math.round((+new Date-u)/1E3),ac:Math.round(p()/1E3),pg:g.pageID,ns:g.pageNamespace,ra:R,cv:W,cl:S,cm:C(),dl:location.href,b:"6"};e=Q(a,e);0===g.pageNamespace&&(A=b/1500*180,z=A/3,a=Math.round(100*L/z),0>a&&(a=0),100<a&&(a=100),e.a1=Math.round(a));return e}function V(){var a=document.querySelectorAll("#intro, .section.steps, #quick_summary_section");if(!a)return 0;var b=0;Array.prototype.forEach.call(a,function(a){a=a.textContent.split(/\s/).filter(function(a){return""!==a}).length;b+=a});return b}var g=window.WH,W=g.stuCount,S=g.pageLang,O=!!location.href.match(/\.wikidogs\.com/),m=location.href.match( /\.wikihow(-fun)?\.[a-z]+\//)&&"en"==S||O,u=!1,h=!1,E=0,x=0,G=!1,R,k=!1,l=0,A=180,z=A/3,N=0,L=0,f=0,M=0,v=[],t=0,n=0,y=0,K=0,T=null,B=[],w=[{t:1},{t:9},{t:10},{t:12},{t:175},{t:180},{t:185},{t:300},{t:600},{t:900},{t:1200},{t:1500},{t:1800},{t:2100},{t:2400}];return{start:function(){if("undefined"==typeof window.WH.a||!window.WH.a){window.WH.a=!0;var a=navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE (\d+)/);a&&(k=a[1]);a="";for(var b=0;12>b;b++)a+="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789".charAt(Math.floor(36*Math.random()));R=a;x=("string"===typeof document.referrer?document.referrer:"").match(/^[a-z]*:\/\/[^\/]*google/i)?1:0;h=u="number"==typeof g.timeStart&&0<g.timeStart?g.timeStart:+new Date;"visibilityState"in document&&"hidden"==document.visibilityState&&(h=!1);m&&P();k&&7<=k&&9>=k?(document.onfocusin=I,document.onfocusout=H):(window.onfocus=I,window.onblur=H);m&&(window.onunload=F,window.onbeforeunload=F);(m||m)&&U()}},ping:function(a){(m||m)&&r("event",q(a),!1)},registerDebug:function(a){if( "function"!=typeof a)console.log("registerDebug: must be a function");else{T=a;for(a=0;a<B.length;a++)T(B[a]);B=[]}}}}();window.WH.c.start();(function(){'use strict';window.WH=window.WH||{};window.WH.performance={};window.WH.performance.mark=function(name){if(typeof performance!=='undefined'&&typeof performance.mark==='function'){return performance.mark(name);}};window.WH.performance.clearMarks=function(name){if(typeof performance!=='undefined'&&typeof performance.clearMarks==='function'){return performance.clearMarks(name);}};}());</script> <div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr sections_articles"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-parser-output"> <div id="intro" class="section hasad"> <a class="large_pdf_link pdf_link disabled no_align " href="#"> <img class="pdf_link-img" loading="lazy" src="/extensions/wikihow/socialstamp/images/icon-pdf.svg" alt="PDF download" width="150" height="150"> <span class="pdfText">Download Article</span> </a> <div class="subtitle">A complete guide to sending scheduled messages</div> <div id="coauthor_byline" class="article_byline "> <div id="byline_info"> <b>Co-authored by</b> <a href="/Author/Hannah-Dillon" class="coauthor_link">Hannah Dillon</a> <span class="newline"> <b>Reviewed by</b> <a href="/Author/Stan-Kats" class="coauthor_link coauthor_checkstar">Stan Kats</a> </span> <p id="coauthor_byline_p"> <a href="#" class="byline_info_link hover_pop"> <span class="last_updated_highlighted">Last Updated: October 28, 2024</span> </a> <a href="#" class="eat_tag">Fact Checked</a> </p> </div> </div> <a class="small_pdf_link pdf_link disabled " href="#"> <img class="pdf_link-img" loading="lazy" src="/extensions/wikihow/socialstamp/images/icon-pdf.svg" alt="PDF download" width="150" height="150"> <span class="pdfText">Download Article</span> </a><div id="inline_toc"> <div class="truncate_toc"> <div class="truncate_toc_inner"> <ul class="toc_ul"> <li class="toc_li method_toc_item"><a class="toc_li_a" href="#Scheduling-a-Text-on-Android">Scheduling a Text on Android</a></li> <span class="toc_li_span separator">|</span><li class="toc_li method_toc_item"><a class="toc_li_a" href="#Scheduling-a-Text-on-iOS-18">Scheduling a Text on iOS 18</a></li> <span class="toc_li_span separator">|</span><li class="toc_li method_toc_item"><a class="toc_li_a" href="#iPhone-Shortcuts-App">iPhone Shortcuts App</a></li> <span class="toc_li_span separator">|</span><li class="toc_li method_toc_item"><a class="toc_li_a" href="#iPhone-Reminders-App">iPhone Reminders App</a></li> <span class="toc_li_span separator">|</span><li class="toc_li method_toc_item"><a class="toc_li_a" href="#Third-Party-Apps-for-Scheduling-Texts">Third-Party Apps for Scheduling Texts</a></li> </ul> <button id="inline_toc_showmore" class="inline_toc_button initial"><span class="inline_toc_button_span">|</span><span class="showmore toc_toggle_text">Show more</span></button> <button id="inline_toc_showless" class="inline_toc_button initial"><span class="inline_toc_button_span">|</span><span class="showless toc_toggle_text">Show less</span></button> </div> </div> </div> <script>function setupInlineToc(){WH.eventView('article_section_inline_horizontal_TOC_click_go_vt');var inline_toc=document.getElementById("inline_toc");var toc_ul_all=inline_toc.getElementsByClassName('toc_ul');var toc_ul=toc_ul_all[0];height=inline_toc.scrollHeight;if(height<=60){return;}var showMoreButton=document.getElementById("inline_toc_showmore");showMoreButton.classList.remove('initial');var items=toc_ul.children;var length=items.length;for(var i=0;i<items.length;++i){var item=items[length-i-1];var height=inline_toc.scrollHeight;if(height>60){item.classList.add('overflow_item');var newHeight=inline_toc.scrollHeight;if(newHeight<=60){if(item.classList.contains('toc_li')){var prevItem=items[length-i-2];prevItem.classList.add('overflow_item');}break;}}}}inline_toc.addEventListener('click',function(e){if(e.target.classList.contains('showmore')){e.target.parentElement.classList.add('initial');var inline_toc=document.getElementById("inline_toc");inline_toc.classList.add('showall');var showLess=document.getElementById("inline_toc_showless");showLess.classList.remove('initial');}else if(e.target.classList.contains('showless')){e.target.parentElement.classList.add('initial');var inline_toc=document.getElementById("inline_toc");inline_toc.classList.remove('showall');var showMore=document.getElementById("inline_toc_showmore");showMore.classList.remove('initial');}else{var linkTitle=e.target.text;WH.event('article_section_inline_horizontal_TOC_click_go_vt',{location:linkTitle});}});if(WH.shared.isLargeSize||!WH.isINPTest){setupInlineToc();}</script> <div id="byline_hover" hidden> <div id="byline_hover_close">X</div> <div id="byline_hover_body"> <p> This article was reviewed by <a href="/Author/Stan-Kats">Stan Kats</a> and by wikiHow staff writer, <a href="/Author/Hannah-Dillon">Hannah Dillon</a>. Stan Kats is a Professional Technologist and the COO and Chief Technologist for The STG IT Consulting Group in West Hollywood, California. Stan provides comprehensive technology solutions to businesses through managed IT services, and for individuals through his consumer service business, Stan's Tech Garage. Stan holds a BA in International Relations from The University of Southern California. He began his career working in the Fortune 500 IT world. Stan founded his companies to offer an enterprise-level of expertise for small businesses and individuals. <br><br> This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. <br><br> This article has been viewed 4,390 times. </p> </div> </div> <div class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p>Have you ever wondered if you can schedule a text on your phone, similar to how you can schedule an email or social media post? The answer is yes—but the process varies quite a bit depending on if you've got an Android or Apple phone. Keep reading to learn more. </p> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="wh_ad_inner w_label al_grey" data-service="adsense" data-instantload="1" data-slot="7672188889" data-width="728" data-height="120" data-smallslot="8943394577" data-smallheight="120" data-innerclass="full-width" data-full-width-intro="true" data-type="intro" data-small="1" data-medium="1" data-large="1" data-channels="9848412230,2414719621" data-largechannels="7020581953,2060152247,5763098696" data-mediumchannels="8142447154,4066873649" data-smallchannels="1761065154,8156154280" data-smallservice_eu="dfp" data-smalladunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_intro" data-smallsize="[[300, 100],[320,100]]" data-smallheight_eu="100" data-mediumservice_eu="dfp" data-mediumadunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_intro" data-mediumsize="[[300, 100],[320,100]]" data-service_eu="dfp" data-size="[[728, 90],[728, 120]]" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_intro" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-aps-timeout="800" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-intro" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[[728, 90],[728, 120]]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":20261433,"pubmatic":"3224244","ix":"579269","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1849302","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"542288967","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_intro_728x90_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a9694c7017474db0327dc33df760300","yieldmo":"2581129714336735279","grid":393573,"medianet":"207085545","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_intro","sharethrough":"QziDJYElLkw7LFscfNzZmTfF"}' data-pbadunitssmall='{"appnexus":"30608495","pubmatic":"5347070","ix":"1024075","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"2995658","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"559676946","triplelift":"WikiHow_en_gam_sma_intro","yieldmo":"3337803366053912987","grid":403845,"medianet":"586446450","rise":"engl_gam_sma_intro","sharethrough":"7dKaGJpJca7Pli6AwNqi6hnz"}' data-pbadunitsmedium='{"appnexus":"30608495","pubmatic":"5347070","ix":"1024075","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"2995658","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"559676946","triplelift":"WikiHow_en_gam_sma_intro","yieldmo":"3337803366053912987","grid":403845,"medianet":"586446450","rise":"engl_gam_sma_intro","sharethrough":"7dKaGJpJca7Pli6AwNqi6hnz"}'><div id="intro_ad_1" class="full-width"></div></div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('intro_ad_1')</script><script>WH.performance.mark('intro_rendered');</script> </div> <div class="wh_ad_inner" data-service="dfp" data-type="scrollto" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_all_scrol" data-size="[728, 90]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-aps-timeout="800" data-maxsteps="6" data-maxnonsteps="3" data-width="728" data-height="90" data-large="1" data-medium="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-scrol" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[728, 90]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":19512208,"pubmatic":"2946818","ix":"531046","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753134","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"541138162","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_all_728x90_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365459b80331","yieldmo":"2508866731741487190","grid":168908,"medianet":"464704332","rise":"engl_gam_all_scrol","sharethrough":"YRwAUQ4n3r0xdDMH0TOrPfnH"}'><div id="scrollto_ad_1"></div></div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('scrollto_ad_1')</script><div class="section textmessageschedulingoverview before_steps_section sticky"> <div class="headline_container "><div class="headline_info"><h2 class="section-heading" onclick="javascript:mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <div class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-element indicator"></div> <span class="mw-headline" id="Text-Message-Scheduling-Overview">Text Message Scheduling Overview</span> </h2></div></div> <div id="textmessageschedulingoverview" class="section_text"> <ul> <li>On Android, long press the send button to select a date and time to schedule your text for.</li> <li>For iOS 18, open an iMessage conversation, tap the <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">+</span></span> next to the message field, and select <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">Send Later</span></span>.</li> <li>You can also download third-party apps to help you schedule texts on iPhone or iPad.</li> </ul> <div class="clearall"></div> </div> </div> <div class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> </div> <h2 class="section-heading hidden" onclick="javascript:mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <div class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-element indicator"></div> <span class="mw-headline" id="Steps">Steps</span> </h2> <div class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="section steps steps_first sticky"> <div class="headline_container block_header in-block subheadline"> <div class="altblock"></div> <div class="headline_info"> <div class="method_label">Section 1 of 5:</div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Scheduling-a-Text-on-Android">Scheduling a Text on Android</span></h3> </div> <a class="large_pdf_link pdf_link disabled pdf_link_steps " href="#"> <img class="pdf_link-img" loading="lazy" src="/extensions/wikihow/socialstamp/images/icon-pdf.svg" alt="PDF download" width="150" height="150"> <span class="pdfText">Download Article</span> </a> </div> <div id="steps_1" class="section_text"> <ol class="steps_list_2"> <li id="step-id-00"> <a name="step_1_1" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg" class="image"><picture id="0ebee597645d7321ed6096cbd422ce1c"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/9b/Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/9b/Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/9/9b/Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/9/9b/Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 1 Compose a text in the Messages app." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/9b/Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" priority="high" onload="WH.performance.clearMarks('image1_rendered'); WH.performance.mark('image1_rendered');"><script>WH.performance.clearMarks('image1_rendered'); WH.performance.mark('image1_rendered');</script></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/9b\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/9\/9b\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">1</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Compose a text in the Messages app.</b> In order to schedule a <a href="/Text-on-Android" title="Text on Android">text</a>, you must be on Android 7 or newer and you must be connected to Wi-Fi or cellular data at the scheduled send time. If you're not connected, the message will be sent as soon as you have service again.<sup id="_ref-1" class="reference" aria-label="Link to Reference 1"><a href="#_note-1">[1]</a><span class="ts_popup " hidden id="ts_popup_1" style="display: none;"> <span class="ts_close">X</span> <span class="ts_name">Research source</span> <span class="ts_description"></span> <a href="#" class="ts_source" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"></a> </span> </sup> <script>WH.performance.mark('step1_rendered');</script> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-01"> <a name="step_1_2" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg" class="image"><picture id="0cac5c54c319c021f379f8a34d379dc7"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/13/Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/13/Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/1/13/Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/1/13/Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 2 Tap and hold on the Send button." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/13/Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/13\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/1\/13\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">2</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap and hold on the <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">Send</span></b></span> button.</b> A menu will pop up titled <b>Schedule send</b>. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="wh_ad_inner w_label al_grey" data-service="adsense" data-slot="4498472735" data-smallheight="250" data-small="1" data-type="step2" data-containerless="1" data-fullwidthadsense="1" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-meth" data-channels="2414719621" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="0" data-gptdisplaylate="1"><div id="step2_ad_1"></div></div> <div class="al_method">Advertisement</div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('step2_ad_1')</script><div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-02"> <a name="step_1_3" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg" class="image"><picture id="007b855e677fdd596fcc507140b1f8b0"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/20/Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/20/Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/2/20/Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/2/20/Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 3 Select a date and time to schedule your text for." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/20/Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">3</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Select a date and time to schedule your text for.</b> You can select one of the options on the menu, or you can tap <b>Pick date and time</b> to select your own date and time. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-03"> <a name="step_1_4" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg" class="image"><picture id="f6be55c3c20366e7452d81a8f54a69ba"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/93/Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/93/Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/9/93/Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/9/93/Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 4 Tap the Send button." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/93/Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/93\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/9\/93\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">4</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap the <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">Send</span></b></span> button.</b> Your text will be sent once the scheduled date and time arrives. <ul> <li>When you open a conversation with a scheduled text, you'll get a notification that there's a message scheduled.</li> <li>To edit a scheduled message, tap the <b>Schedule</b> button next to the text. You can then change the message's contents, send the message right away, or delete the message.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="wh_ad_inner w_label al_grey" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_early" data-size="[728, 90]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-aps-timeout="2000" data-width="728" data-height="90" data-large="1" data-medium="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-type="method" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-early" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[728, 90]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":20261434,"pubmatic":"3224245","ix":"579271","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1849304","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"542288968","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_early_728x90_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a9690fd017474dafe8adc342f970052","yieldmo":"2581129714420621360","grid":168926,"medianet":"525411714","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_early","sharethrough":"gRRuNlH2aMjBmEgjkjw9vqwh"}'><div id="method_ad_1"></div></div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('method_ad_1')</script> </li> <div class="wh_ad_inner w_label al_grey dfpsmall dfpsmallmethod containerless_ad fluid" data-service="adsense" data-slot="7710650179" data-width="728" data-height="90" data-smallheight="250" data-type="method" data-small="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-smallservice="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_meth0" data-size='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-apsload="1" data-prebidload="1" data-aps-timeout="800" data-containerless="1" data-fullwidthadsense="1" data-fluidsize="1" data-mediumchannels="3005955957,4066873649" data-smallchannels="2811805837,8156154280" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-meth" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-insertslotvalue="1" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":29111279,"pubmatic":"4926794","ix":"944751","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"2756126","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"558892622","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_sma_meth0_300x250_Prebid","yieldmo":"3204666393567896410","grid":383057,"medianet":"521047606","rise":"engl_gam_sma_meth0","sharethrough":"xZq2HSiUJL1GRBHUi49ybeLd"}'><div id="mobilemethod_ad_1"></div></div> <div class="al_method">Advertisement</div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('mobilemethod_ad_1')</script> </ol> <div class="clearall"></div> </div> </div> <div class="section steps sticky"> <div class="headline_container block_header in-block subheadline"> <div class="altblock"></div> <div class="headline_info"> <div class="method_label">Section 2 of 5:</div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Scheduling-a-Text-on-iOS-18">Scheduling a Text on iOS 18</span></h3> </div> <a class="large_pdf_link pdf_link disabled pdf_link_steps " href="#"> <img class="pdf_link-img" loading="lazy" src="/extensions/wikihow/socialstamp/images/icon-pdf.svg" alt="PDF download" width="150" height="150"> <span class="pdfText">Download Article</span> </a> </div> <div id="steps_2" class="section_text"> <ol class="steps_list_2"> <li id="step-id-14"> <a name="step_2_1" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg" class="image"><picture id="86bef219557d17143d2ea2b48fe16b32"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d5/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d5/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/d/d5/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/d/d5/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 1 Open the Messages app." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d5/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d5\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/d\/d5\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">1</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Open the Messages app.</b> With iOS 18, Apple has added the ability to schedule texts via iMessage up to two weeks in advance. iOS 18 will be available for the following iPhone models on September 16, 2024:<sup id="_ref-2" class="reference" aria-label="Link to Reference 2"><a href="#_note-2">[2]</a><span class="ts_popup " hidden id="ts_popup_2" style="display: none;"> <span class="ts_close">X</span> <span class="ts_name">Research source</span> <span class="ts_description"></span> <a href="#" class="ts_source" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"></a> </span> </sup> <ul> <li>iPhone SE 2nd generation or later</li> <li>iPhone XS, XS Max, and XR</li> <li>iPhone 11, 11 Pro, and 11 Pro Max</li> <li>iPhone 12, 12 mini, 12 Pro, and 12 Pro Max</li> <li>iPhone 13, 13 mini, 13 Pr, and 13 Pro Max</li> <li>iPhone 14, 14 Plus, 14 Pro, and 14 Pro Max</li> <li>iPhone 15, 15 Plus, 15 Pro, 15 Pro Max</li> <li>iPhone 16, 16 Plus, 16 Pro, 16 Pro Max</li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-15"> <a name="step_2_2" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg" class="image"><picture id="64b47ce3422b20a3813ccb4b80e70ec7"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/bf/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/bf/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/b/bf/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/b/bf/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 2 Open an iMessage conversation." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/bf/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/bf\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/b\/bf\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">2</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Open an iMessage conversation.</b> At this time, you can only schedule texts to other iPhone users, and you both must have <a href="/Activate-iMessage" title="Activate iMessage">iMessage turned on</a>. To enable iMessage, go to <b>Settings</b> > <b>Apps</b> > <b>Messages</b>, then toggle on the <b>iMessage</b> option. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-16"> <a name="step_2_3" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg" class="image"><picture id="0e246c5e9991b15454c4aa96b55ca603"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/20/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/20/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/2/20/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/2/20/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 3 Tap the + next to the message field." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/20/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">3</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap the <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">+</span></b></span> next to the message field.</b> A menu will pop up with all of the apps and features you can use in this message. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-17"> <a name="step_2_4" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg" class="image"><picture id="7a2ffb64e3ba244754de2c1088dd036c"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/3a/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/3a/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/3/3a/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/3/3a/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 4 Tap Send Later." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/3a/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/3\/3a\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/3\/3a\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">4</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">Send Later</span></b></span>.</b> It has an icon of a blue clock surrounded by a dashed line. After tapping, you will see a blue box above the message field with a date and time. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-18"> <a name="step_2_5" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg" class="image"><picture id="7086fbe82872d325bc36b2ba25cb23cd"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/6/6c/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/6/6c/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/6/6c/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/6/6c/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 5 Tap the blue box to change the scheduled date and time." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/6/6c/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/6\/6c\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/6\/6c\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">5</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap the blue box to change the scheduled date and time.</b> You can schedule a text for up to two weeks in advance. Use the scroll dials to select the date and time you want to schedule the text for. <ul><li>The date and time automatically updates to whatever is selected on the scroll dials. Once you have the correct date and time selected, tap the message field to bring the keyboard back.</li></ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-19"> <a name="step_2_6" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg" class="image"><picture id="83abdaf4b6917d8bbcea57d1e95f7825"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/6/67/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/6/67/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/6/67/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/6/67/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 6 Write the text message you want to send." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/6/67/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/6\/67\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/6\/67\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">6</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Write the text message you want to send.</b> When you are in the process of scheduling a message, you will notice the send button changes from a solid blue button with a white arrow to a transparent blue button with a solid blue arrow. <ul><li>If you decide you don't want to actually schedule the text, tap the <b>x</b> on the blue box to remove it.</li></ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-110"> <a name="step_2_7" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg" class="image"><picture id="b7d09cdcb0b1db94f3d2abdcfe9b0ed9"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/a/a2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/a/a2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 7 Tap the send button." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/a2\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/a\/a2\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">7</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap the send button.</b> Make sure the send button is transparent blue with a solid blue arrow. If it's not, and you don't see the blue box with the scheduled date and time, you will instead send the message immediately. <ul> <li>Once you send the message, it will show up in the chat in a bubble with no background and a blue dashed outline. The text will also be blue. Despite showing up in the chat, the other user can't see the message until it is sent at the scheduled date and time.</li> <li>To edit or delete your scheduled text, tap the <b>Edit</b> button next to the scheduled "Send Later" time. A small menu will pop up with the options to <b>Send Message</b>, <b>Edit Time</b>, or <b>Delete Message</b>.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-111"> <a name="step_2_8" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg" class="image"><picture id="0a4a61dd84d33f3f7688285e10b97702"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/a/a9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/a/a9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 8 Tap the x next to the blue box." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/a9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/a\/a9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">8</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap the <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">x</span></b></span> next to the blue box.</b> Once you've scheduled your message, the Send Later feature will still be active. To remove it and go back to normal texting, tap the <b>x</b> to close out of Send Later. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <div class="wh_ad_inner w_label al_grey dfpsmall dfpsmallmethod containerless_ad fluid" data-service="adsense" data-slot="7710650179" data-width="728" data-height="90" data-smallheight="250" data-type="method" data-small="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-smallservice="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_meth0" data-size='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-apsload="1" data-prebidload="1" data-aps-timeout="800" data-containerless="1" data-fullwidthadsense="1" data-fluidsize="1" data-mediumchannels="3005955957,4066873649" data-smallchannels="2811805837,8156154280" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-meth" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-insertslotvalue="2" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":29111279,"pubmatic":"4926794","ix":"944751","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"2756126","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"558892622","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_sma_meth0_300x250_Prebid","yieldmo":"3204666393567896410","grid":383057,"medianet":"521047606","rise":"engl_gam_sma_meth0","sharethrough":"xZq2HSiUJL1GRBHUi49ybeLd"}'><div id="mobilemethod_ad_2"></div></div> <div class="al_method">Advertisement</div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('mobilemethod_ad_2')</script> </ol> <div class="clearall"></div> </div> </div> <div class="section steps sticky"> <div class="headline_container block_header in-block subheadline"> <div class="altblock"></div> <div class="headline_info"> <div class="method_label">Section 3 of 5:</div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="iPhone-Shortcuts-App">iPhone Shortcuts App</span></h3> </div> <a class="large_pdf_link pdf_link disabled pdf_link_steps " href="#"> <img class="pdf_link-img" loading="lazy" src="/extensions/wikihow/socialstamp/images/icon-pdf.svg" alt="PDF download" width="150" height="150"> <span class="pdfText">Download Article</span> </a> </div> <div id="steps_3" class="section_text"> <ol class="steps_list_2"> <li id="step-id-212"> <a name="step_3_1" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg" class="image"><picture id="8717e777174297a13ed6bbed6d02ede2"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/ac/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/ac/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/a/ac/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/a/ac/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 1 Open the Shortcuts app." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/ac/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/ac\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/a\/ac\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">1</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Open the Shortcuts app.</b> If you are on iOS 12 or later, you can use the <a href="/Create-a-Shortcut-on-iPhone" title="Create a Shortcut on iPhone">Shortcuts app</a> to schedule a text. <ul> <li>If you're on iOS 13 or later, Shortcuts are installed on your phone automatically. If you're on an iOS version earlier than 13, you can download the Shortcuts app from the App Store.</li> <li>While this method still works on iOS 18, the ability to schedule texts has been added into iOS 18. Jump back up to our method <a href="#step_2_1">above</a> to learn how.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-213"> <a name="step_3_2" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg" class="image"><picture id="a52adcd031e273cac60ce668c73fd142"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2a/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2a/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/2/2a/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/2/2a/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 2 Tap the Automations tab at the bottom of the screen." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2a/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/2a\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/2\/2a\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">2</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap the <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">Automations</span></b></span> tab at the bottom of the screen.</b> It's in between the Shortcuts and Gallery tabs and has an icon of a clock on it. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-214"> <a name="step_3_3" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg" class="image"><picture id="6b84fb12a7c9c7d95bd85c24501769d2"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/b2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/b2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/b/b2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/b/b2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 3 Tap New Automation." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/b2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/b2\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/b\/b2\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">3</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">New Automation</span></b></span>.</b> If you already have some automations created, you won't see this button. Instead, tap the <b>+</b> in the upper-right corner. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-215"> <a name="step_3_4" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg" class="image"><picture id="fe72b6e04dc9939bcf50b179b8388942"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/7f/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/7f/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/7/7f/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/7/7f/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 4 Tap Time of Day and enter when you want to send your message." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/7f/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/7f\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/7\/7f\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">4</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">Time of Day</span></b></span> and enter when you want to send your message.</b> To create an automation for a scheduled message, you should select: <ul> <li> <b>Time of Day</b>: Set this for the time you want your message to send.</li> <li> <b>Monthly:</b> Set this for the date you want your message to send.</li> <li> <b>Run Immediately</b>: This will run your automation as soon as the scheduled date and time arrives. <ul><li>Tap <b>Next</b> to continue to the next screen.</li></ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-216"> <a name="step_3_5" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg" class="image"><picture id="10bbf1a4f1aa5f9bc1e7adcee2a97cb8"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/ee/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/ee/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/e/ee/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/e/ee/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 5 Tap Send Message." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/ee/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/ee\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/e\/ee\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">5</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">Send Message</span></b></span>.</b> It's at the top, next to <b>Start Blank Automation</b>. If you don't see this option, you can search for "Send Message" in the search bar, then select it. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-217"> <a name="step_3_6" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg" class="image"><picture id="3f4bdd8e8dc1653efa05bebb7ef71c8c"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/1e/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/1e/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/1/1e/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/1/1e/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 6 Tap the word Message and enter your message." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/1e/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/1e\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/1\/1e\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">6</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap the word <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">Message</span></b></span> and enter your message.</b> This is instructing the automation what message it should send when the scheduled time arrives. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-218"> <a name="step_3_7" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg" class="image"><picture id="0d3a54db203615120d98cb9de9837f87"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/aa/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/aa/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/a/aa/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/a/aa/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 7 Tap the word Recipients and enter who you're sending the message to." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/aa/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/aa\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/a\/aa\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">7</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap the word <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">Recipients</span></b></span> and enter who you're sending the message to.</b> You can select one or multiple people to send this text to. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-219"> <a name="step_3_8" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg" class="image"><picture id="e97a9074801825369964586a4eadde9c"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/e9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/e9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/e/e9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/e/e9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 8 Tap Done in the upper-right corner." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/e9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/e9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/e\/e9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">8</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">Done</span></b></span> in the upper-right corner.</b> Shortcuts will send your message at the scheduled date and time. If you want to edit your message before it sends, go back to your automation in the Shortcuts app and change things as needed. <ul><li>Note that this workaround creates an automation that will send the scheduled message once a month at the date and time you entered. If you only want to send the message one time, make sure to go into Shortcuts and disable the automation once the message has been sent.</li></ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <div class="wh_ad_inner w_label al_grey dfpsmall dfpsmallmethod containerless_ad fluid" data-service="adsense" data-slot="7710650179" data-width="728" data-height="90" data-smallheight="250" data-type="method" data-small="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-smallservice="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_meth0" data-size='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-apsload="1" data-prebidload="1" data-aps-timeout="800" data-containerless="1" data-fullwidthadsense="1" data-fluidsize="1" data-mediumchannels="3005955957,4066873649" data-smallchannels="2811805837,8156154280" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-meth" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-insertslotvalue="3" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":29111279,"pubmatic":"4926794","ix":"944751","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"2756126","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"558892622","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_sma_meth0_300x250_Prebid","yieldmo":"3204666393567896410","grid":383057,"medianet":"521047606","rise":"engl_gam_sma_meth0","sharethrough":"xZq2HSiUJL1GRBHUi49ybeLd"}'><div id="mobilemethod_ad_3"></div></div> <div class="al_method">Advertisement</div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('mobilemethod_ad_3')</script> </ol> <div class="clearall"></div> </div> </div> <div class="section steps sticky"> <div class="headline_container block_header in-block subheadline"> <div class="altblock"></div> <div class="headline_info"> <div class="method_label">Section 4 of 5:</div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="iPhone-Reminders-App">iPhone Reminders App</span></h3> </div> <a class="large_pdf_link pdf_link disabled pdf_link_steps " href="#"> <img class="pdf_link-img" loading="lazy" src="/extensions/wikihow/socialstamp/images/icon-pdf.svg" alt="PDF download" width="150" height="150"> <span class="pdfText">Download Article</span> </a> </div> <div id="steps_4" class="section_text"> <ol class="steps_list_2"> <li id="step-id-320"> <a name="step_4_1" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg" class="image"><picture id="316cff8cb8da88d9f77b1e2ba8378ded"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/7d/Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/7d/Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/7/7d/Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/7/7d/Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 1 Open the Reminders app." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/7d/Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/7d\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/7\/7d\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">1</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Open the Reminders app.</b> If you're on iOS 13 or later, you can use the Reminders app to remind yourself to send a text. It doesn't send a text for you, but it creates a reminder so that you remember to send the text later. <ul><li>While this method still works on iOS 18, the ability to schedule texts has been added into iOS 18. Jump back up to our method <a href="#step_2_1">above</a> to learn how.</li></ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-321"> <a name="step_4_2" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg" class="image"><picture id="716ccaa337968b5e5b4e1c3c23d79e6c"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/36/Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/36/Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/3/36/Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/3/36/Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 2 Tap the + New Reminder button." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/36/Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/3\/36\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/3\/36\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">2</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Tap the <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b class="whb"><span class="nowrap" title="This is not a clickable button; it illustrates the button one should find." style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode,Lucida Grande,sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:0em 1em; border:1px solid; border-color:#AAA #555 #555 #AAA; -moz-border-radius: 4px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #F2F2F2; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0); background-image: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC, #E0E0E0);">+ New Reminder</span></b></span> button.</b> It's in the bottom-left of your screen. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-322"> <a name="step_4_3" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg" class="image"><picture id="e61932b9305e23a723ce6fc8bd09cd8f"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/f/fd/Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/f/fd/Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/f/fd/Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/f/fd/Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 3 Write your reminder." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/f/fd/Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/fd\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/f\/fd\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">3</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Write your reminder.</b> Give the reminder a title so you know who you should be texting. You can even write the body of your text out in the "notes" section of the reminder so you don't have to do it later. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-323"> <a name="step_4_4" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg" class="image"><picture id="fb324a8951b912ea30e5e931508076f6"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/d/d2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/d/d2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 4 Set a date and time for the reminder." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d2/Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d2\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/d\/d2\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">4</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Set a date and time for the reminder.</b> You can do this by clicking the <b>"i"</b> button next to the reminder. </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-324"> <a name="step_4_5" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg" class="image"><picture id="a6099e71b2e3da58bdbda84cd492495d"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/8/8e/Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/8/8e/Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/8/8e/Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/8/8e/Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 5 Send the text when your phone sends you the reminder." src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/8/8e/Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8e\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/8\/8e\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">5</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Send the text when your phone sends you the reminder.</b> If you wrote out the text in the notes of your reminder, you can send it directly from the Reminders app by doing the following: <ul> <li>Open the reminder.</li> <li>Highlight the contents of the note.</li> <li>Tap the <b>Share</b> button that pops up in the contextual menu.</li> <li>Tap the <b>Messages</b> button and select a contact.</li> <li>Tap <b>Send</b> once you're ready to send the message.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <div class="wh_ad_inner w_label al_grey dfpsmall dfpsmallmethod containerless_ad fluid" data-service="adsense" data-slot="7710650179" data-width="728" data-height="90" data-smallheight="250" data-type="method" data-small="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-smallservice="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_meth0" data-size='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-apsload="1" data-prebidload="1" data-aps-timeout="800" data-containerless="1" data-fullwidthadsense="1" data-fluidsize="1" data-mediumchannels="3005955957,4066873649" data-smallchannels="2811805837,8156154280" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-meth" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-insertslotvalue="4" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":29111279,"pubmatic":"4926794","ix":"944751","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"2756126","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"558892622","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_sma_meth0_300x250_Prebid","yieldmo":"3204666393567896410","grid":383057,"medianet":"521047606","rise":"engl_gam_sma_meth0","sharethrough":"xZq2HSiUJL1GRBHUi49ybeLd"}'><div id="mobilemethod_ad_4"></div></div> <div class="al_method">Advertisement</div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('mobilemethod_ad_4')</script> </ol> <div class="clearall"></div> </div> </div> <div class="section steps sticky"> <div class="headline_container block_header in-block subheadline"> <div class="altblock"></div> <div class="headline_info"> <div class="method_label">Section 5 of 5:</div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Third-Party-Apps-for-Scheduling-Texts">Third-Party Apps for Scheduling Texts</span></h3> </div> <a class="large_pdf_link pdf_link disabled pdf_link_steps " href="#"> <img class="pdf_link-img" loading="lazy" src="/extensions/wikihow/socialstamp/images/icon-pdf.svg" alt="PDF download" width="150" height="150"> <span class="pdfText">Download Article</span> </a> </div> <div id="steps_5" class="section_text"> <ol class="steps_list_2"> <li id="step-id-425"> <a name="step_5_1" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg" class="image"><picture id="71f73c86ae904c8e9bf134332883ecb8"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/14/Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/14/Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/1/14/Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/1/14/Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 1 Moxy Messenger" src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/14/Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/14\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/1\/14\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">1</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Moxy Messenger</b> Moxy Messenger is a message scheduling app that allows you to schedule not only texts and iMessages, but also messages in WhatsApp, Slack, Facebook Messenger, GroupMe, and even emails. <ul> <li>Note that some of Moxy Messenger's features are only available if you subscribe to Moxy Plus for $4.99 per month (or by purchasing Moxy Lifetime, a one-time purchase of $99.99).</li> <li>Moxy Messenger is available for <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/moxy-messenger/id1363681012">iPhone</a>.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li id="step-id-426"> <a name="step_5_2" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg" class="image"><picture id="fba7208d4c89f5ec8d6a287cfff699f6"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/0/01/Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/0/01/Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/0/01/Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/0/01/Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 2 Reminderbase" src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/0/01/Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/0\/01\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/0\/01\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">2</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Reminderbase</b> Reminderbase is a message reminder app marketed towards small businesses or marketers, but you can also use it for scheduling texts. Unlike Moxy Messenger, it can only send emails and text messages (10 of each per month for the free plan). <ul> <li>You can subscribe to Reminderbase for anywhere from $2.99 per month to $13.99 per month depending on the plan you select, if you need to send more messages or want to include MMS.</li> <li>Reminderbase is available for <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/reminderbase-scheduled-text/id1438382574">iPhone and iPad</a> and on the <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.reminderbase.com">web</a>.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <li class="final_li" id="step-id-427"> <a name="step_5_3" class="stepanchor"></a><div class="mwimg largeimage floatcenter "><a href="#/Image:Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg" class="image"><picture id="daac043bc850825828c18b255854ca36"><source type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg.webp 460w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(max-width: 728px)" width="460" height="546" srcset="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg 460w"></source><source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/c/c9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg.webp 728w"></source><source type="image/jpeg" media="(min-width: 729px)" width="728" height="546" srcset="/images/thumb/c/c9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg 728w"></source><img alt="Step 3 Carrier Messaging" src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c9/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg" decoding="async" class="whcdn" width="460" height="345" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image_details"><script type="application/json">{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/c\/c9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg\/v4-728px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a> (screenshot)<br>\n<\/p><\/div>"}</script></div></a></div> <div class="step_num" aria-hidden="true">3</div><div class="step"> <b class="whb" aria-hidden="true">Carrier Messaging</b> Carrier Messaging is a simple message scheduling app. It can only schedule text messages, but it's easy to use and can be synced with your contacts to make the message scheduling process smoother. <ul> <li>You can schedule a limited number of messages per month for free with Carrier Messaging. If you want to get unlimited messages, there is a one-time pro upgrade fee of $9.99.</li> <li>Carrier Messaging is available on <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/carrier-messaging/id1027638921">iPhone and iPad</a>.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker" data-isstep="1"></div> </li> <div class="wh_ad_inner w_label al_grey dfpsmall dfpsmallmethod containerless_ad fluid" data-service="adsense" data-slot="7710650179" data-width="728" data-height="90" data-smallheight="250" data-type="method" data-small="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-smallservice="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_meth0" data-size='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-apsload="1" data-prebidload="1" data-aps-timeout="800" data-containerless="1" data-fullwidthadsense="1" data-fluidsize="1" data-mediumchannels="3005955957,4066873649" data-smallchannels="2811805837,8156154280" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-meth" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-insertslotvalue="5" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":29111279,"pubmatic":"4926794","ix":"944751","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"2756126","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"558892622","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_sma_meth0_300x250_Prebid","yieldmo":"3204666393567896410","grid":383057,"medianet":"521047606","rise":"engl_gam_sma_meth0","sharethrough":"xZq2HSiUJL1GRBHUi49ybeLd"}'><div id="mobilemethod_ad_5"></div></div> <div class="al_method">Advertisement</div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('mobilemethod_ad_5')</script> </ol> <div class="clearall"></div> </div> </div> <a name="Questions_and_Answers_sub" class="anchor" id="Questions_and_Answers_sub_anchor"></a> <div class="qa section sticky qa_no_answered" data-few_contribs="1" data-search_enabled="0" data-aid="14385787" data-answers-count="0" data-expert-answers-count="0" data-staff-answers-count="0" data-purchase-group="" data-purchase-type="" data-obscure-answers="0" data-obscure-answers-type="" data-purchase-obscured-cta-header="" data-purchase-obscured-cta-prompt="" data-obscured-answer-header="" data-obscured-answer-prompt="" data-obscured-answer-link="" data-purchase-obscured-answer-header="Support wikiHow by" data-purchase-obscured-answer-prompt="unlocking this expert answer." data-purchase-obscured-answer-link="#"> <div class="headline_container block_header"> <div class="altblock"></div> <div class="headline_info"> <h2 class="qa_heading"> <span class="mw-headline" id="qa_headline"> Expert Q&A </span> </h2> </div> </div> <div id="qa" class="section_text"> <div id="qa_answered_questions_container"> <div id="qa_aq_search_container"> <div id="qa_aq_search_heading" class="qa_section_heading">Search</div> <input class="qa_aq_search" placeholder="Type your query here"> </div> <a id="qa_add_curated_question">Add New Question</a> <ul id="qa_article_questions" class="qa_questions qa_aqs"> </ul> </div> <div class="qa_divider qa_no_unpatrolled_questions"></div> <div class="qa_divider qa_no_visible_answers"></div> <div class="qa_section_heading" id="qa_ask_heading">Ask a Question</div> <div id="qa_submitted_question_form"> <input id="qa_asked_question" type="text" maxlength="200" placeholder="What is your question?"> <div id="qa_asked_count">200 characters left</div> <input id="qa_email" type="text" placeholder="Email address (optional)"> <div id="qa_email_prompt">Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered.</div> <a id="qa_submit_button" class="button primary">Submit</a> </div> <div id="qa_flag_options" data-type=""> <div class="hint_box"> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="qa_answer_flag_options" data-type=""> <div class="hint_box"> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> <!-- Template form for creating/updating a curated question --> <script id="qa_question_edit_form" type="text/x-handlebars-template"> <div class="qa_aq_edit_form"> <div class="qa_aq_edit_form_status"></div> <textarea class="qa_cq_text" spellcheck="true" placeholder="{{qa_edit_form_question_placeholder}}">{{qa_edit_form_question}}</textarea> <div class="qa_invalid_msg qa_cq_text_error qap_char_limit">{{qa_cq_text_error}}</div> <textarea class="qa_ca_text" spellcheck="true" placeholder="{{qa_edit_form_answer_placeholder}}">{{qa_edit_form_answer}}</textarea> <div class="qa_invalid_msg qa_ca_text_error qap_char_limit">{{qa_ca_text_error}}</div> <div class="qa_invalid_msg qa_ca_text_error2 qap_char_limit">{{qa_ca_text_min}}</div> <div class="qa_invalid_msg qa_ca_text_error3 qap_char_limit">{{qa_ca_error_url}}</div> <div class="qa_invalid_msg qa_ca_text_error_phone qap_char_limit">{{qa_ca_error_phone}}</div> <input class="qa_pa_email" placeholder="{{qa_pa_email_placeholder}}"/> {{#qa_admin}} <span class="qa_edit_form_verifier_container"> {{qa_edit_form_verifier_label}} <select class="qa_edit_form_verifier"> {{#qa_edit_form_verifiers}} <option value="{{id}}" {{selected}}>{{name}}</option> {{/qa_edit_form_verifiers}} </select> </span> {{#qa_edit_form_show_remove_submitter}} <span class="qa_edit_form_remove_submitter_container"> <label for="qa_aq_remove_submitter">{{qa_edit_form_remove_submitter}}</label> <input type="checkbox" id="qa_aq_remove_submitter" class="qa_checkbox" /> </span> {{/qa_edit_form_show_remove_submitter}} {{/qa_admin}} <span class="qa_edit_form_inactive_container"> <label for="qa_aq_inactive">{{qa_edit_form_inactive}}</label> <input type="checkbox" id="qa_aq_inactive" class="qa_checkbox" {{qa_edit_form_inactive_val}}> </span> <div class="clearall"></div> {{#qa_admin}}<a class="qa_aq_delete button primary">{{qa_edit_form_delete}}</a>{{/qa_admin}} <a class="qa_aq_submit button primary">{{qa_edit_form_submit}}</a> <span class="qa_spinner"></span> <a class="qa_aq_cancel button secondary">{{qa_edit_form_cancel}}</a> </div> </script> <!-- Template for rendering a desktop ArticleQuestion --> <script id="qa_article_question_item" type="text/x-handlebars-template"> <li id="qa_question_{{rank}}" class="qa_aq qa_block {{#inactive}}qa_inactive{{/inactive}}" data-aqid="{{id}}" data-cqid="{{curatedQuestion.id}}" data-caid="{{curatedQuestion.curatedAnswer.id}}" data-sqid="{{curatedQuestion.submittedId}}" data-qa_inactive="{{inactive}}" data-votes_up="{{votesUp}}" data-votes_down="{{votesDown}}" data-verifier_id="{{verifierId}}" data-submitter_id="{{submitterUserId}}"> <div class="qa_divider"></div> <div class="qa_li_container"> <div class="qa_question_tab">{{qa_question_label}}</div> <div class="qa_q_txt{{#qa_desktop}} question{{/qa_desktop}}">{{{curatedQuestion.text}}}</div> {{#qa_staff}}<div class="qa_staff_info">{{staffInfo}}</div>{{/qa_staff}} {{#show_editor_tools}} <div class="qa_editor_tools"> <a class="qa_edit_aq">{{qa_edit}}</a> </div> {{/show_editor_tools}} <div class="qa_answers"> <div class="{{qa_answerer_class}}"> {{#show_badge}}<div class="qa_badge"></div>{{/show_badge}} {{^qa_amp}} <div class="qa_user_hover hint_box"> {{#verifierId}}{{> qa_expert_hover.mustache}}{{/verifierId}} {{#staffAnswerer}}{{> qa_staff_hover.mustache}}{{/staffAnswerer}} </div> {{/qa_amp}} {{#verifierId}} {{#verifierData.articleReviewersUrl}} <a href="{{verifierData.articleReviewersUrl}}" class="sp_namelink qa_person_circle" target="_blank">{{{verifierData.imageHtml}}}</a> {{/verifierData.articleReviewersUrl}} {{^verifierData.articleReviewersUrl}} <div class="sp_namelink qa_person_circle">{{{verifierData.imageHtml}}}</div> {{/verifierData.articleReviewersUrl}} {{/verifierId}} {{^verifierId}} <div class="qa_person_circle"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="{{avatarUrl}}.webp" /> <img src="{{avatarUrl}}" width="{{avatarWidth}}" height="{{avatarHeight}}" class='qa_person_circle-img' loading="lazy" alt="{{submitterTextName}}" /> </picture> </div> {{/verifierId}} <div class="qa_answerer_info"> {{#verifierId}} <div class="qa_user_name"> {{#verifierData.articleReviewersUrl}} <a href="{{verifierData.articleReviewersUrl}}" target="_blank">{{verifierData.name}}</a> {{/verifierData.articleReviewersUrl}} {{^verifierData.articleReviewersUrl}} {{verifierData.name}} {{/verifierData.articleReviewersUrl}} </div> <div class="qa_user_title">{{{verifierData.blurb}}}</div> {{/verifierId}} {{^verifierId}} <div class="qa_user_name">{{{submitterDisplayName}}}</div> {{/verifierId}} <div class="qa_user_label">{{qa_answerer_label}}</div> {{#isTopAnswerer}}{{^qa_desktop}}<div class="qa_ta_mobile_extra"></div>{{/qa_desktop}}{{/isTopAnswerer}} </div> </div> <div class="qa_answer answer {{#obscureAnswer}}{{#staffAnswerer}} qa_obscured_answer qa_obscured_answer_staff{{/staffAnswerer}}{{/obscureAnswer}}{{#obscureAnswers}}{{#verifierId}} qa_obscured_answer qa_obscured_answer_expert qa_obscured_answer_{{obscureAnswersType}}{{/verifierId}}{{/obscureAnswers}}{{#obscureAnswers}}{{#staffAnswerer}} qa_obscured_answer qa_obscured_answer_{{obscureAnswersType}}{{/staffAnswerer}}{{/obscureAnswers}}"> {{#obscureAnswers}} {{#staffAnswerer}} <a href="{{qa_purchase_obscured_answer_link}}" class="qa_obscured_prompt"> <div class="qa_obscured_answer_overlay"> {{#qa_amp}} <amp-img class="qa_obscured_answer_overlay_img" src="/extensions/wikihow/qa/widget/assets/icon-lock.svg" width="37" height="46" /> {{/qa_amp}} {{^qa_amp}} <img class="qa_obscured_answer_overlay_img" src="/extensions/wikihow/qa/widget/assets/icon-lock.svg" /> {{/qa_amp}} <p> {{qa_purchase_obscured_answer_staff_header}} <strong>{{qa_purchase_obscured_answer_staff_prompt}}</strong> </p> </div> </a> {{/staffAnswerer}} {{#verifierId}} <a href="{{qa_purchase_obscured_answer_link}}" class="qa_obscured_prompt"> <div class="qa_obscured_answer_overlay"> {{#qa_amp}} <amp-img class="qa_obscured_answer_overlay_img" src="/extensions/wikihow/qa/widget/assets/icon-lock.svg" width="37" height="46" /> {{/qa_amp}} {{^qa_amp}} <img class="qa_obscured_answer_overlay_img" src="/extensions/wikihow/qa/widget/assets/icon-lock.svg" /> {{/qa_amp}} <p> {{qa_purchase_obscured_answer_header}} <strong>{{qa_purchase_obscured_answer_prompt}}</strong> </p> </div> </a> {{/verifierId}} {{/obscureAnswers}} {{{curatedQuestion.curatedAnswer.text}}} </div> {{^qa_amp}} <div class="qa_answer_footer"> {{^qa_hide_ratings}}{{> thumbs_qa_widget}}{{/qa_hide_ratings}} {{^qa_anon}} <a class="qa_ignore_answered" href="#">{{qa_flag_duplicate}}</a> <p class="qa_ignore_answered_thanks">Thanks!</p> {{/qa_anon}} </div> {{/qa_amp}} </div> </div> </li> </script> <!-- Template for rendering an unpatrolled QA --> <!-- Template form for desktop thumbs up/down functionality --> <script id="qa_thumbs_qa_widget" type="text/x-handlebars-template"> <div class="wh_vote_container qa_vote_buttons"> <span class='wh_thumb_response wh_thumb_msg'> <span class='wh_thumb_helpful'>{{{thumbs_helpful}}}</span> <span class='wh_thumb_unhelpful'>{{{thumbs_unhelpful}}}</span> <span class='wh_thumb_contribute'> {{thumbs_contribute_response}} <a target="_blank" href="{{thumbs_contribute_link}}" class="wh_thumbs_claim_gift wh_thumbs_contribute_button button"> {{thumbs_contribute_button}} </a> </span> </span> <div class="qa_widget_vote_links"> <a href="#" class="wh_vote_up wh_vote_box button secondary">{{qa_thumbs_yes}}</a> <a href="#" class="wh_vote_down wh_vote_box button secondary">{{qa_thumbs_no}}</a> </div> <div class="qa_widget_vote_buttons"> <a href="#" class="wh_vote_down wh_vote_box">{{qa_thumbs_nohelp}} <span>{{votesDown}}</span></a> <a href="#" class="wh_vote_up wh_vote_box">{{qa_thumbs_help}} <span>{{votesUp}}</span></a> </div> </div> </script> <!-- Template for rendering a Top Answerers data --> <script id="top_answerers_qa_widget" type="text/x-handlebars-template"> <div class="qa_person_circle"> {{{ta_image}}} </div> <div class='qa_ta_name'> <span> {{userName}}, {{ta_label}} </span><br /> {{answersCount}} {{ta_answers_label}} </div> <div class="qa_ta_cats"> {{#topCats.0}} {{ta_subcats_intro}} {{#topCats}}<a href="{{cat_link}}" class="click_out">{{cat}}</a>, {{/topCats}} {{ta_subcats_outro}} {{/topCats.0}} </div> </script> <div class="scrolltomarker"></div> </div> <div class="wh_ad_inner w_label al_grey dfpsmall dfpsmallextra fluid" data-service="adsense" data-slot="4167749029" data-width="728" data-height="90" data-smallslot="1240030252" data-smallheight="250" data-type="qa" data-small="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-smallservice="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_qanda" data-size='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-apsload="1" data-aps-timeout="800" data-prebidload="1" data-containerless="1" data-fullwidthadsense="1" data-fluidsize="1" data-largechannels="9818776313,2060152247,5763098696" data-mediumchannels="3005955957,4066873649" data-smallchannels="2811805837,8156154280" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-qanda" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":29111280,"pubmatic":"4926795","ix":"944752","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"2756132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"558892623","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_sma_qanda_300x250_Prebid","yieldmo":"3204666394012492637","grid":383052,"medianet":"445774819","rise":"engl_gam_sma_qanda","sharethrough":"thCJKQsdDouXuN8G39B9IjtJ"}'><div id="mobileqa_ad_1"></div></div> <div class="al_method">Advertisement</div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('mobileqa_ad_1')</script> </div> <div class="section tips sticky"> <div class="headline_container block_header"> <div class="altblock"></div> <div class="headline_info"> <h2 class="section-heading"> <span class="mw-headline" id="Tips">Tips</span> </h2> </div> </div> <div id="tips" class="section_text"> <div class="addTipElement"> <div class="addTipHeader"> Submit a Tip <div>All tip submissions are carefully reviewed before being published</div> </div> <div class="addSubmitterHeader"> Name <div class="addTipHeaderInner">Please provide your name and last initial</div> </div> <div class="addTipForm"> <input type="text" class="newtip" placeholder="Your tip here"> <input type="text" id="newtip_submitter_input" class="submittername hidden" placeholder="First name and last initial (optional)"> <a href="#" class="addtip op-action button primary" role="button" aria-label="Add a tip to this article">Submit</a> <div class="tip_waiting"></div> </div> <div class="addTipThanks"> Thanks for submitting a tip for review! </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="printfooter"> </div> <div id="rmb_container" class="section_text" style="display:none"><input type="button" class="button primary" id="rmbutton" value="Read More"></div> <div class="section relatedwikihows sticky"> <div class="headline_container"><div class="headline_info"><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Related_wikiHows">You Might Also Like</span></h2></div></div> <div id="relatedwikihows" class="section_text"> <a class="related-wh" href="/Truth-or-Dare-Questions-over-Text"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="8c5d8cddf274594da4c26b6824d40a78" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Truth or Dare Questions over Text" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a5/Truth-or-Dare-Questions-over-Text-Step-127.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Truth-or-Dare-Questions-over-Text-Step-127.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title">Virtual Truth or Dare Questions to Keep Things Interesting</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('8c5d8cddf274594da4c26b6824d40a78')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a5/Truth-or-Dare-Questions-over-Text-Step-127.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Truth-or-Dare-Questions-over-Text-Step-127.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Keep-a-Girl-Interested-over-Text-Examples"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="b568cb26d43cf2ca4f959740ddab7611" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Keep a Girl Interested over Text Examples" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/5b/Keep-a-Girl-Interested-over-Text-Examples-Step-10.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Keep-a-Girl-Interested-over-Text-Examples-Step-10.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title">10 Ways to Keep a Girl Interested over Text</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('b568cb26d43cf2ca4f959740ddab7611')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/5b/Keep-a-Girl-Interested-over-Text-Examples-Step-10.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Keep-a-Girl-Interested-over-Text-Examples-Step-10.jpg"></noscript></a><div class="wh_ad_inner" data-service="adsense" data-smallslot="3859396687" data-smallheight="250" data-type="middlerelated" data-small="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-containerless="1" data-fullwidthadsense="1" data-mediumchannels="3005955957,4066873649" data-smallchannels="2811805837,8156154280" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-meth" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="0" data-gptdisplaylate="1"><div id="middlerelated_ad_1"></div></div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('middlerelated_ad_1')</script><a class="related-wh" href="/Message-Blocking-Is-Active"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="64e5fccb47b39aa369f93bf19ae92218" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Message Blocking Is Active" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/16/Message-Blocking-Is-Active-Step-14.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Message-Blocking-Is-Active-Step-14.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title">"Message Blocking is Active:" What to Do if You Can't Send Texts</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('64e5fccb47b39aa369f93bf19ae92218')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/16/Message-Blocking-Is-Active-Step-14.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Message-Blocking-Is-Active-Step-14.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Make-a-Guy-Horny-over-Text"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="681c0ea96952cbc81b87f2d52cc020eb" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Make a Guy Horny over Text" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c1/Make-a-Guy-Horny-over-Text-Step-11.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Make-a-Guy-Horny-over-Text-Step-11.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Make a Guy Horny over Text</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('681c0ea96952cbc81b87f2d52cc020eb')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c1/Make-a-Guy-Horny-over-Text-Step-11.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Make-a-Guy-Horny-over-Text-Step-11.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Prank-Someone-over-Text"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="ff98b5f3b231ad63baea6f6411f29223" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Prank Someone over Text" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/25/Prank-Someone-over-Text-Step-11.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Prank-Someone-over-Text-Step-11.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Prank Someone over Text</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('ff98b5f3b231ad63baea6f6411f29223')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/25/Prank-Someone-over-Text-Step-11.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Prank-Someone-over-Text-Step-11.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Talk-to-a-Girl-by-Texting"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="4c3189a8f3cc7537e6ff354b394ae649" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Talk to a Girl by Texting" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c3/Talk-to-a-Girl-by-Texting-Step-15.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Talk-to-a-Girl-by-Texting-Step-15.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Talk to a Girl by Texting</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('4c3189a8f3cc7537e6ff354b394ae649')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c3/Talk-to-a-Girl-by-Texting-Step-15.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Talk-to-a-Girl-by-Texting-Step-15.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Cannot-Wait-to-See-You"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="1ff844be20813b36683ce9226338ef78" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Cannot Wait to See You" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/4c/Cannot-Wait-to-See-You-Step-11.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Cannot-Wait-to-See-You-Step-11.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title">55+ Cute, Flirty, & Romantic “Can't Wait to See You” Messages </span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('1ff844be20813b36683ce9226338ef78')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/4c/Cannot-Wait-to-See-You-Step-11.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Cannot-Wait-to-See-You-Step-11.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Flirty-Texts-to-Make-Him-Laugh"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="f8c090fd84d1b0f96e27d38fa72a040b" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Flirty Texts to Make Him Laugh" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/e6/13571921-68.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-13571921-68.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title">The Best Messages to Send that’ll Make Him Smile</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('f8c090fd84d1b0f96e27d38fa72a040b')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/e6/13571921-68.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-13571921-68.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Respond-to-What-Are-You-Doing"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="dd501630926ec5dfdc2971e2265eb427" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Respond to What Are You Doing" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/38/Respond-to-What-Are-You-Doing-Step-16.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Respond-to-What-Are-You-Doing-Step-16.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div> Reply to “What Are You Doing?” over Text: Creative Answers to Sound Fun & Flirty</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('dd501630926ec5dfdc2971e2265eb427')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/38/Respond-to-What-Are-You-Doing-Step-16.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Respond-to-What-Are-You-Doing-Step-16.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Respond-to-a-%22How-Was-Your-Day%3F%22-Text"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="68e547efcb510ddabfaae234dda2f490" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt='Respond to a "How Was Your Day?" Text' width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/ed/12971136_14.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-12971136_14.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Respond to a "How Was Your Day?" Text</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('68e547efcb510ddabfaae234dda2f490')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/ed/12971136_14.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-12971136_14.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Funny-Random-Things-to-Say-in-a-Text"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="41753e215b6973d0b48e02d216ded6fb" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Funny Random Things to Say in a Text" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/b9/Funny-Random-Things-to-Say-in-a-Text-Step-21.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Funny-Random-Things-to-Say-in-a-Text-Step-21.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title">105 Funny, Witty, & Random Things to Text Your Friends</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('41753e215b6973d0b48e02d216ded6fb')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/b9/Funny-Random-Things-to-Say-in-a-Text-Step-21.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Funny-Random-Things-to-Say-in-a-Text-Step-21.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/What-to-Text-when-a-Girl-Doesn%27t-Reply"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="f7619a6c5859fcd46fdcb5105959d2c9" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="What to Text when a Girl Doesn't Reply" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/0/05/What-to-Text-when-a-Girl-Doesn%27t-Reply-Step-12.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-What-to-Text-when-a-Girl-Doesn%27t-Reply-Step-12.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title">13 Things to Do When a Girl Doesn't Reply to Your Texts</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('f7619a6c5859fcd46fdcb5105959d2c9')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/0/05/What-to-Text-when-a-Girl-Doesn%27t-Reply-Step-12.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-What-to-Text-when-a-Girl-Doesn%27t-Reply-Step-12.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Make-a-Guy-Chase-You-over-Text"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="5cb67411df52b6dae6ddaf2ea682a126" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Make a Guy Chase You over Text" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/ec/Make-a-Guy-Chase-You-over-Text-Step-13.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Make-a-Guy-Chase-You-over-Text-Step-13.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Make a Guy Chase You over Text</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('5cb67411df52b6dae6ddaf2ea682a126')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/ec/Make-a-Guy-Chase-You-over-Text-Step-13.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Make-a-Guy-Chase-You-over-Text-Step-13.jpg"></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Make-a-Girl%27s-Hormones-Rise-over-Text"><div class="content-spacer"> <img id="3f56d8f5ac5a8ef71598b36fed4d70f1" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Make a Girl's Hormones Rise over Text" width="342" height="184" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/4d/Make-a-Girl%27s-Hormones-Rise-over-Text-Step-11.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Make-a-Girl%27s-Hormones-Rise-over-Text-Step-11.jpg"><span class="related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Make a Girl's Hormones Rise over Text</span> </div> <script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('3f56d8f5ac5a8ef71598b36fed4d70f1')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/4d/Make-a-Girl%27s-Hormones-Rise-over-Text-Step-11.jpg/-crop-342-184-245px-Make-a-Girl%27s-Hormones-Rise-over-Text-Step-11.jpg"></noscript></a><div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker"></div> </div> <div class="wh_ad_inner w_label al_grey dfpsmall fluid" data-service="adsense" data-slot="3648874275" data-width="728" data-height="90" data-smallslot="9047782573" data-smallheight="250" data-type="related" data-small="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-smallservice="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_relat" data-size='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-apsload="1" data-aps-timeout="800" data-prebidload="1" data-containerless="1" data-fullwidthadsense="1" data-fluidsize="1" data-largechannels="9818776313,2060152247,5763098696" data-mediumchannels="3005955957,4066873649" data-smallchannels="2811805837,8156154280" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-relat" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":29111283,"pubmatic":"4926798","ix":"944755","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"2756138","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"558892626","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lsma_relat_300x250_Prebid","yieldmo":"3204666393718891355","grid":383054,"medianet":"988583344","rise":"engl_gam_sma_relat","sharethrough":"NeeU3FmaxBP2UdyGlSXmIJhv"}'><div id="mobilerelated_ad_1"></div></div> <div class="al_method">Advertisement</div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('mobilerelated_ad_1')</script> </div> <div class="section references sourcesandcitations sticky"> <div class="headline_container"><div class="headline_info"><h2 class="section-heading"> <div class="mw-ui-icon mw-ui-icon-element indicator" id="references_first"></div> <span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span> </h2></div></div> <div id="references" class="section_text"><ol class="firstref references"> <li id="_note-1"> <a href="#_ref-1" target="_blank">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external free" href="https://support.google.com/messages/answer/10456318">https://support.google.com/messages/answer/10456318</a></span> </li> <li id="_note-2"> <a href="#_ref-2" target="_blank">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external free" href="https://www.apple.com/ios/ios-18/">https://www.apple.com/ios/ios-18/</a></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="section aboutthisarticle sticky" id="aboutthisarticle"> <div class="headline_container"> <div class="headline_info"> <h2 id="sp_h2"><span class="mw-headline">About This Article</span></h2> </div> </div> <div id="social_proof_mobile"> <a name="social_proof_anchor" id="social_proof_anchor"></a> <div class="sp_inner"> <div class="sp_top_box sp_person sp_expert"> <div class="coauthor_avatar_badge "></div> <div class="ar_avatar" style="max-width: 50px"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/images/thumb/5/55/Stan_Kats.png/-crop-100-100-97px-Stan_Kats.png.webp"></source><img src="/images/thumb/5/55/Stan_Kats.png/-crop-100-100-97px-Stan_Kats.png" alt="Stan Kats" loading="lazy" width="50" height="50" style="max-width: 50px"></picture></div> <div class="sp_expert_text "> <div> <div class="sp_coauthor_label"> Reviewed by: </div> <div class="sp_expert_name"><a href="/Author/Stan-Kats" class="sp_namelink">Stan Kats</a></div> <div class="sp_expert_blurb">Professional Technologist</div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="sp_expert_desc"> This article was reviewed by <a href="/Author/Stan-Kats">Stan Kats</a> and by wikiHow staff writer, <a href="/Author/Hannah-Dillon">Hannah Dillon</a>. Stan Kats is a Professional Technologist and the COO and Chief Technologist for The STG IT Consulting Group in West Hollywood, California. Stan provides comprehensive technology solutions to businesses through managed IT services, and for individuals through his consumer service business, Stan's Tech Garage. Stan holds a BA in International Relations from The University of Southern California. He began his career working in the Fortune 500 IT world. Stan founded his companies to offer an enterprise-level of expertise for small businesses and individuals. This article has been viewed 4,390 times. </div> <div class="sp_box sp_box_hoverable sp_helpful_hoverable sp_helpful_box " data-helpful=""> <div class="sp_star_section_upper"> <div class="sp_star_section_hoverable"> <div class="sp_star_container star1"> <div class="sp_helpful_icon_star " style="width:0%"></div> </div> <div class="sp_star_container star2"> <div class="sp_helpful_icon_star " style="width:0%"></div> </div> <div class="sp_star_container star3"> <div class="sp_helpful_icon_star " style="width:0%"></div> </div> <div class="sp_star_container star4"> <div class="sp_helpful_icon_star " style="width:0%"></div> </div> <div class="sp_star_container star5"> <div class="sp_helpful_icon_star " style="width:0%"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sp_helpful_lower"> <div class="sp_star_rating_text"></div> <div class="sp_helpful_rating_count"></div> <div class="helpfulness_text">How helpful is this?</div> </div> </div> <div class="sp_box sp_stats_box "> <div class="sp_text"> Co-authors: <span class="sp_text_data">5</span> </div> <div class="sp_text"> <span id="sp_modified">Updated: <span class="sp_text_data">October 28, 2024</span></span> </div> <div class="sp_text"> Views: <span class="sp_text_data">4,390</span> </div> </div> <div class="sp_box sp_fullbox"> Categories: <span dir="ltr"><a href="/Category:Featured-Articles" title="Category:Featured Articles">Featured Articles</a></span> | <span dir="ltr"><a href="/Category:Texting" title="Category:Texting">Texting</a></span> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> </div> </div> <ul id="end_options" class="section_text"> <li><a href="#" id="printLink">Print</a></li> <li><a href="#" id="gatThankAuthors">Send fan mail to authors</a></li> <div class="clearall"></div> </ul> <div class="page_stats section_text">Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 4,390 times.<div class="clearall"></div> <div class="scrolltomarker"></div> </div> </div> <div id="article_rating_mobile" class="section_text"> <h2 id="article_rating_header"><span class="mw-headline">Is this article up to date?</span></h2> <div id="article_rating"> <button id="gatAccuracyYes" pageid="14385787" role="button" class="button secondary vote_up aritem">Yes</button> <button id="gatAccuracyNo" pageid="14385787" role="button" class="button secondary vote_down aritem">No</button> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> </div> <div id="pagebottom"> <div class="wh_ad_inner dfpsmall dfpsmallbottom fluid" data-service="adsense" data-smallslot="3788982605" data-smallheight="250" data-type="pagebottom" data-small="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-smallservice="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_sma_bottm" data-size='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-apsload="1" data-aps-timeout="800" data-prebidload="1" data-fluidsize="1" data-smallchannels="2811805837,8156154280" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-bottm" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array='[[300, 250],"fluid"]' data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits='{"appnexus":29111284,"pubmatic":"4926799","ix":"944756","amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"2756140","shemedia":"2952570","openx":"558892627","triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_sma_bottm_300x250_Prebid","yieldmo":"3204666394171876190","grid":383055,"medianet":"172923681","rise":"engl_gam_sma_bottm","sharethrough":"pjB7FOTJ0b7GuEgMzHXYLqaE"}'><div id="pagebottom_ad_1"></div></div> <div class="al_method">Advertisement</div> <script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('pagebottom_ad_1')</script> </div> </div></div><div id="sidebar"><div id="cookie_notice" class="sidebox notice_bgcolor"><a href="#" id="cookie_notice_x"></a>Cookies make wikiHow better. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our <a href="/wikiHow:Cookie-Policy" target="_blank">cookie policy</a>.</div><div id="social_proof_sidebox" class="sidebox "> <div class="sp_top_box sp_person sp_expert"> <div class="coauthor_avatar_badge "></div> <div class="ar_avatar" style="max-width: 50px"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="/images/thumb/5/55/Stan_Kats.png/-crop-100-100-97px-Stan_Kats.png.webp"/><img src="/images/thumb/5/55/Stan_Kats.png/-crop-100-100-97px-Stan_Kats.png" alt="Stan Kats" loading="lazy" width="50" height="50" style="max-width: 50px"/></picture></div> <div class="sp_expert_text "> <div> <div class="sp_coauthor_label"> Reviewed by: </div> <div class="sp_expert_name"><a href="/Author/Stan-Kats" class="sp_namelink">Stan Kats</a></div> <div class="sp_expert_blurb">Professional Technologist</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sp_inner"> <div class="sp_box sp_box_hoverable sp_helpful_hoverable sp_helpful_box " data-helpful=""> <div class="sp_star_section_upper"> <div class="sp_star_section_hoverable"> <div class="sp_star_container star1"> <div class="sp_helpful_icon_star " style="width:0%"></div> </div> <div class="sp_star_container star2"> <div class="sp_helpful_icon_star " style="width:0%"></div> </div> <div class="sp_star_container star3"> <div class="sp_helpful_icon_star " style="width:0%"></div> </div> <div class="sp_star_container star4"> <div class="sp_helpful_icon_star " style="width:0%"></div> </div> <div class="sp_star_container star5"> <div class="sp_helpful_icon_star " style="width:0%"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sp_helpful_lower"> <div class="sp_star_rating_text"></div> <div class="sp_helpful_rating_count"></div> <div class="helpfulness_text">Click a star to vote</div> </div> <div class='sp_popup_container'> <div class='hint_box'>% of people told us that this article helped them.</div> </div> </div> <div class="sp_box sp_stats_box "> <div class="sp_text"> Co-authors: <span class="sp_text_data">5</span> </div> <div class="sp_text"> <span id="sp_modified">Updated: <span class="sp_text_data">October 28, 2024</span></span> </div> <div class="sp_text"> Views: <span class="sp_text_data">4,390</span> </div> </div> <div class="clearall"></div> </div> </div> <div class="rrdoublewrap"><div class="rrdoubleinner"><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="none" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail0_ad_1" class="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail0_ad_1')</script><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="rightrail0_ad_1" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail1_ad_1" class="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail1_ad_1')</script></div></div><div id="sb_67be76994ec72" class="sidebox sidebox-articles" data-section-name="quizzes"><h3>Quizzes</h3><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/Dirty-Mind-Test"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="8f83f470bf239b405e1198f130453cb9" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Do I Have a Dirty Mind Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/72/Dirty_mind_test.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Dirty_mind_test.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Do I Have a Dirty Mind Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('8f83f470bf239b405e1198f130453cb9')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/72/Dirty_mind_test.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Dirty_mind_test.png"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/Relationships/Am-I-a-Good-Kisser-Quiz"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="34eca334199404cf6bc4b65c7ed46fb7" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Am I a Good Kisser Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d1/Are_you_a_good_kisser_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Are_you_a_good_kisser_quiz.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Am I a Good Kisser Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('34eca334199404cf6bc4b65c7ed46fb7')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d1/Are_you_a_good_kisser_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Are_you_a_good_kisser_quiz.png"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/Rizz-Game"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="ed7ffe873ccc1c167308036e57e66ad2" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Rizz Game: Test Your Rizz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/0/02/Rizz-Meaning-Step-3.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Rizz-Meaning-Step-3.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Rizz Game: Test Your Rizz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('ed7ffe873ccc1c167308036e57e66ad2')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/0/02/Rizz-Meaning-Step-3.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Rizz-Meaning-Step-3.jpg"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/Relationships/What%27s-Your-Red-Flag-Quiz"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="2542beececcb6c088af31bfdf96944a9" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="What's Your Red Flag Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/be/Canva-bad-relationship-social-media.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Canva-bad-relationship-social-media.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>What's Your Red Flag Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('2542beececcb6c088af31bfdf96944a9')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/be/Canva-bad-relationship-social-media.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Canva-bad-relationship-social-media.jpg"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/Am-I-Smart"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="9ea5a6f3799498bb22f762e29a8e2cca" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Am I Smart Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a2/Am_i_smart_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Am_i_smart_quiz.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Am I Smart Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('9ea5a6f3799498bb22f762e29a8e2cca')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a2/Am_i_smart_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Am_i_smart_quiz.png"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/How-Insecure-Are-You"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="451eb87726475fc9e36e18615e5fbc11" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="How Insecure Am I Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/56/How_insecure_are_you_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-How_insecure_are_you_quiz.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>How Insecure Am I Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('451eb87726475fc9e36e18615e5fbc11')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/56/How_insecure_are_you_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-How_insecure_are_you_quiz.png"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><div class="clearall"></div></div><script>if(typeof WH.ads != 'undefined'){WH.ads.addExtraRRElemement('sb_67be76994ec72', 'quizzes');}</script><div class="rrdoublewrap"><div class="rrdoubleinner"><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="none" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail2_ad_1" class="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail2_ad_1')</script><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="rightrail2_ad_1" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail3_ad_1" class="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail3_ad_1')</script></div></div><div id="side_related_articles" class="sidebox related_articles"> <h3>You Might Also Like</h3><a class="related-wh" href="/Truth-or-Dare-Questions-over-Text"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="c6451a22afa4149470bb532b838b1700" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Truth or Dare Questions over Text" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a5/Truth-or-Dare-Questions-over-Text-Step-127.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Truth-or-Dare-Questions-over-Text-Step-127.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title">Virtual Truth or Dare Questions to Keep Things Interesting</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('c6451a22afa4149470bb532b838b1700')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/a/a5/Truth-or-Dare-Questions-over-Text-Step-127.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Truth-or-Dare-Questions-over-Text-Step-127.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Keep-a-Girl-Interested-over-Text-Examples"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="765c6d91a2d9c1551c1cc4534a5bb37b" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Keep a Girl Interested over Text Examples" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/5b/Keep-a-Girl-Interested-over-Text-Examples-Step-10.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Keep-a-Girl-Interested-over-Text-Examples-Step-10.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title">10 Ways to Keep a Girl Interested over Text</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('765c6d91a2d9c1551c1cc4534a5bb37b')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/5b/Keep-a-Girl-Interested-over-Text-Examples-Step-10.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Keep-a-Girl-Interested-over-Text-Examples-Step-10.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Message-Blocking-Is-Active"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="dcd9df9acf92d2a150f8d71dcbe40a7f" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Message Blocking Is Active" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/16/Message-Blocking-Is-Active-Step-14.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Message-Blocking-Is-Active-Step-14.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title">"Message Blocking is Active:" What to Do if You Can't Send Texts</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('dcd9df9acf92d2a150f8d71dcbe40a7f')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/16/Message-Blocking-Is-Active-Step-14.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Message-Blocking-Is-Active-Step-14.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh" href="/Make-a-Guy-Horny-over-Text"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="c28e91e2bf9c5648ede9f8d92f328fc8" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Make a Guy Horny over Text" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c1/Make-a-Guy-Horny-over-Text-Step-11.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-a-Guy-Horny-over-Text-Step-11.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Make a Guy Horny over Text</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('c28e91e2bf9c5648ede9f8d92f328fc8')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c1/Make-a-Guy-Horny-over-Text-Step-11.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-a-Guy-Horny-over-Text-Step-11.jpg"/></noscript></a><div class="clearall"></div> </div><div class="rrdoublewrap"><div class="rrdoubleinner"><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="none" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail4_ad_1" class="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail4_ad_1')</script><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="rightrail4_ad_1" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail5_ad_1" class="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail5_ad_1')</script></div></div><div id="sb_67be769950aa5" class="sidebox sidebox-articles" data-section-name="Featured"><h3>Featured Articles</h3><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Breed-Villagers-in-Minecraft"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="0ceba49cbfe83de37e7d973f32ef3ebd" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt=" Breed Villagers in Minecraft" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/3c/Breed-Villagers-in-Minecraft-Step-39.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Breed-Villagers-in-Minecraft-Step-39.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div> Breed Villagers in Minecraft</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('0ceba49cbfe83de37e7d973f32ef3ebd')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/3c/Breed-Villagers-in-Minecraft-Step-39.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Breed-Villagers-in-Minecraft-Step-39.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Perfume-Quiz"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="5de9f0c0a834c70952d9d4541cfb4f06" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="What Perfume Note Am I Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/eb/Perfume_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Perfume_quiz.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>What Perfume Note Am I Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('5de9f0c0a834c70952d9d4541cfb4f06')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/eb/Perfume_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Perfume_quiz.png"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Clean-Your-Room"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="17206644ef6fd5e86683d244c1febd80" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="The Easiest Way to Clean Your Room from Top to Bottom" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/26/Clean-Your-Room-Step-19-Version-7.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Clean-Your-Room-Step-19-Version-7.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>The Easiest Way to Clean Your Room from Top to Bottom</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('17206644ef6fd5e86683d244c1febd80')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/26/Clean-Your-Room-Step-19-Version-7.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Clean-Your-Room-Step-19-Version-7.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Deal-With-a-Know-It-All"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="70bc6f8133b68e3ccb9356b80bc96e58" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Deal With a Know It All" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/96/Deal-With-a-Know-It-All-Step-15.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Deal-With-a-Know-It-All-Step-15.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Deal With a Know It All</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('70bc6f8133b68e3ccb9356b80bc96e58')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/96/Deal-With-a-Know-It-All-Step-15.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Deal-With-a-Know-It-All-Step-15.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Attract-the-Guy-You-Have-a-Crush-On"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="b9a3ebc87c80ce075ec234e0d9d73c24" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="14 Super Easy Ways to Attract the Guy You Have a Crush On" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/b2/Attract-the-Guy-You-Have-a-Crush-On-Step-15.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Attract-the-Guy-You-Have-a-Crush-On-Step-15.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>14 Super Easy Ways to Attract the Guy You Have a Crush On</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('b9a3ebc87c80ce075ec234e0d9d73c24')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/b2/Attract-the-Guy-You-Have-a-Crush-On-Step-15.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Attract-the-Guy-You-Have-a-Crush-On-Step-15.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Comfort-Someone-Physically"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="a3ce1ab8b8efdc9ba8fe314ec7b606a7" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt=" Comfort Someone Physically" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c8/Comfort-Someone-Physically-Step-13.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Comfort-Someone-Physically-Step-13.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div> Comfort Someone Physically</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('a3ce1ab8b8efdc9ba8fe314ec7b606a7')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c8/Comfort-Someone-Physically-Step-13.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Comfort-Someone-Physically-Step-13.jpg"/></noscript></a><div class="clearall"></div></div><script>if(typeof WH.ads != 'undefined'){WH.ads.addExtraRRElemement('sb_67be769950aa5', 'Featured');}</script><div class="rrdoublewrap"><div class="rrdoubleinner"><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="none" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail6_ad_1" class="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail6_ad_1')</script><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="rightrail6_ad_1" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail7_ad_1" class="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail7_ad_1')</script></div></div><div id="sb_67be769952670" class="sidebox sidebox-articles" data-section-name="hp_popular"><h3>Trending Articles</h3><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Best-Compression-Sock"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="9a108b0211db65ee1b8c264084db38d4" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="What Are The Best Compression Socks For Me Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2f/Compression_sock_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Compression_sock_quiz.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>What Are The Best Compression Socks For Me Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('9a108b0211db65ee1b8c264084db38d4')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2f/Compression_sock_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Compression_sock_quiz.png"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Pisces-Zodiac-Sign"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="cc2d6b7948537ae9f7fc7475cc1b4804" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Pisces Zodiac Sign: Personality, Dates, Compatibility & More" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/18/Pisces-Zodiac-Sign-Step-14-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Pisces-Zodiac-Sign-Step-14-Version-2.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Pisces Zodiac Sign: Personality, Dates, Compatibility & More</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('cc2d6b7948537ae9f7fc7475cc1b4804')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/18/Pisces-Zodiac-Sign-Step-14-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Pisces-Zodiac-Sign-Step-14-Version-2.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Girl-Name-Generator"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="567620ddd54172ab0128de63c5b902a7" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Girl Name Generator" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/54/Categories_Header_Education.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Categories_Header_Education.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Girl Name Generator</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('567620ddd54172ab0128de63c5b902a7')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/54/Categories_Header_Education.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Categories_Header_Education.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Make-a-Unique-Username"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="1b8db3f1dfde76b4059742a45f1f6178" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt=" Pick a Unique, Secure, and Easy-to-Remember Username" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c9/Make-a-Unique-Username-Step-12-Version-4.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-a-Unique-Username-Step-12-Version-4.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div> Pick a Unique, Secure, and Easy-to-Remember Username</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('1b8db3f1dfde76b4059742a45f1f6178')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c9/Make-a-Unique-Username-Step-12-Version-4.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-a-Unique-Username-Step-12-Version-4.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Prepare-for-Bird-Flu-Pandemic"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="46ca6fd1a096e27ca9f4519beac3250f" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="A Bird Flu Pandemic Prep Guide" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/13/Help-People-in-Ukraine-Step-7.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Help-People-in-Ukraine-Step-7.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>A Bird Flu Pandemic Prep Guide</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('46ca6fd1a096e27ca9f4519beac3250f')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/13/Help-People-in-Ukraine-Step-7.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Help-People-in-Ukraine-Step-7.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Loofah-Color-Meaning"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="a40e521eef3d1a91957f8fcbc75c2cfd" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="What Is the Loofah Code? All About The Popular Swinger Myth" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2d/Loofah-Color-Meaning-Step-8.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Loofah-Color-Meaning-Step-8.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>What Is the Loofah Code? All About The Popular Swinger Myth</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('a40e521eef3d1a91957f8fcbc75c2cfd')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2d/Loofah-Color-Meaning-Step-8.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Loofah-Color-Meaning-Step-8.jpg"/></noscript></a><div class="clearall"></div></div><script>if(typeof WH.ads != 'undefined'){WH.ads.addExtraRRElemement('sb_67be769952670', 'hp_popular');}</script><div class="rrdoublewrap"><div class="rrdoubleinner"><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="none" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail8_ad_1" class="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail8_ad_1')</script><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="rightrail8_ad_1" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail9_ad_1" class="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail9_ad_1')</script></div></div><div id="sb_67be769954284" class="sidebox sidebox-articles" data-section-name="Featured"><h3>Featured Articles</h3><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Reduce-Acne-Scars-with-Home-Remedies"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="956a90da590b7fd2a103007505463e74" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Reduce Acne Scars with Home Remedies" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d0/Get-Rid-of-Acne-Scars-with-Home-Remedies-Step-36.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Get-Rid-of-Acne-Scars-with-Home-Remedies-Step-36.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Reduce Acne Scars with Home Remedies</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('956a90da590b7fd2a103007505463e74')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d0/Get-Rid-of-Acne-Scars-with-Home-Remedies-Step-36.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Get-Rid-of-Acne-Scars-with-Home-Remedies-Step-36.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Is-My-Friend-Entitled-Quiz"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="47be0313be4ca182ed1c49f4f2a74ffe" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Is My Friend Entitled Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/57/Entitled_friend_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Entitled_friend_quiz.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Is My Friend Entitled Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('47be0313be4ca182ed1c49f4f2a74ffe')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/5/57/Entitled_friend_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Entitled_friend_quiz.png"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Breathe"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="3662487c1388739a0b6f479b3376fb5e" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Breathe" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/0/0e/Breathe-Step-17-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Breathe-Step-17-Version-2.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Breathe</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('3662487c1388739a0b6f479b3376fb5e')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/0/0e/Breathe-Step-17-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Breathe-Step-17-Version-2.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Make-Shawarma"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="c5d671e32ad7ee895b3bc81b1b8c97b7" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Chicken and Lamb Shawarma Recipes: For Your Home Oven or Grill" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/ba/Make-Shawarma-Step-20-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-Shawarma-Step-20-Version-2.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Chicken and Lamb Shawarma Recipes: For Your Home Oven or Grill</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('c5d671e32ad7ee895b3bc81b1b8c97b7')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/ba/Make-Shawarma-Step-20-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-Shawarma-Step-20-Version-2.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Make-Banana-Bread"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="f82d2c1000b93345fa4b210af15c7723" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Make Banana Bread" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/be/Make-Banana-Bread-Final.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-Banana-Bread-Final.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Make Banana Bread</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('f82d2c1000b93345fa4b210af15c7723')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/be/Make-Banana-Bread-Final.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-Banana-Bread-Final.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Start-a-Text-Conversation-with-a-Girl"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="7b1a1dc56667c9b23fddf6b3065dd2e6" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Start a Text Conversation with a Girl" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/40/Start-a-Text-Conversation-with-a-Girl-%28test%29-Step-1.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Start-a-Text-Conversation-with-a-Girl-%28test%29-Step-1.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Start a Text Conversation with a Girl</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('7b1a1dc56667c9b23fddf6b3065dd2e6')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/40/Start-a-Text-Conversation-with-a-Girl-%28test%29-Step-1.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Start-a-Text-Conversation-with-a-Girl-%28test%29-Step-1.jpg"/></noscript></a><div class="clearall"></div></div><script>if(typeof WH.ads != 'undefined'){WH.ads.addExtraRRElemement('sb_67be769954284', 'Featured');}</script><div class="rrdoublewrap"><div class="rrdoubleinner"><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="none" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail10_ad_1" class="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail10_ad_1')</script><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="rightrail10_ad_1" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail11_ad_1" class="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail11_ad_1')</script></div></div><div id="sb_67be769955e11" class="sidebox sidebox-articles" data-section-name="Featured"><h3>Featured Articles</h3><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Come-Up-with-a-Nickname"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="0209303ba045cf55ca6f0e1a6f34378f" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="3 Cool Methods for Inventing a Nickname " width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/44/Come-Up-with-a-Nickname-Step-22.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Come-Up-with-a-Nickname-Step-22.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>3 Cool Methods for Inventing a Nickname </span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('0209303ba045cf55ca6f0e1a6f34378f')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/44/Come-Up-with-a-Nickname-Step-22.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Come-Up-with-a-Nickname-Step-22.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Deal-With-a-Friend-Who-Has-Changed"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="4749ef4eba477aa122d37f396501234a" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Deal With a Friend Who Has Changed" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d8/Deal-With-a-Friend-Who-Has-Changed-Step-15.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Deal-With-a-Friend-Who-Has-Changed-Step-15.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Deal With a Friend Who Has Changed</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('4749ef4eba477aa122d37f396501234a')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d8/Deal-With-a-Friend-Who-Has-Changed-Step-15.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Deal-With-a-Friend-Who-Has-Changed-Step-15.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Make-Your-Fingernails-Look-Good"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="bbcbcdbbf89b8077f44bfe8e02573478" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt=" Get Good Looking Nails Fast: Expert Tips" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/98/Make-Your-Fingernails-Look-Good-Step-16-Version-6.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-Your-Fingernails-Look-Good-Step-16-Version-6.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div> Get Good Looking Nails Fast: Expert Tips</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('bbcbcdbbf89b8077f44bfe8e02573478')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/9/98/Make-Your-Fingernails-Look-Good-Step-16-Version-6.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-Your-Fingernails-Look-Good-Step-16-Version-6.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/What-Color-Am-I"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="134a8aab42a5fd9ce5e743061d88c9ab" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="What Color Am I Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/19/What_color_am_i.png/-crop-127-140-127px-What_color_am_i.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>What Color Am I Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('134a8aab42a5fd9ce5e743061d88c9ab')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/19/What_color_am_i.png/-crop-127-140-127px-What_color_am_i.png"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Start-Exercising-when-You%27re-Out-of-Shape"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="5c44eb0a8ca125e1573243dc354782b0" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt=" Start Working Out if You're Out of Shape: Tips & Beginner Exercises" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/bd/Start-Exercising-when-You%27re-Out-of-Shape-Step-17.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Start-Exercising-when-You%27re-Out-of-Shape-Step-17.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div> Start Working Out if You're Out of Shape: Tips & Beginner Exercises</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('5c44eb0a8ca125e1573243dc354782b0')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/bd/Start-Exercising-when-You%27re-Out-of-Shape-Step-17.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Start-Exercising-when-You%27re-Out-of-Shape-Step-17.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Make-Water-Taste-Better"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="b8d8bc9da7f1213de3d23307b31231a8" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt=" Make Water Taste Better" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/77/Make-Water-Taste-Better-Step-12.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-Water-Taste-Better-Step-12.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div> Make Water Taste Better</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('b8d8bc9da7f1213de3d23307b31231a8')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/77/Make-Water-Taste-Better-Step-12.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-Water-Taste-Better-Step-12.jpg"/></noscript></a><div class="clearall"></div></div><script>if(typeof WH.ads != 'undefined'){WH.ads.addExtraRRElemement('sb_67be769955e11', 'Featured');}</script><div class="rrdoublewrap"><div class="rrdoubleinner"><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="none" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail12_ad_1" class="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail12_ad_1')</script><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="rightrail12_ad_1" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail13_ad_1" class="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail13_ad_1')</script></div></div><div id="sb_67be769957a1d" class="sidebox sidebox-articles" data-section-name="hp_watch"><h3>Watch Articles</h3><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Fold-T-Shirts-for-Travel"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="80cea03f6166a9e3e2dc4dacbdb2ab04" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Fold T Shirts for Travel" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c8/Fold-T-Shirts-for-Travel-Step-13.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Fold-T-Shirts-for-Travel-Step-13.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Fold T Shirts for Travel</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('80cea03f6166a9e3e2dc4dacbdb2ab04')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/c8/Fold-T-Shirts-for-Travel-Step-13.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Fold-T-Shirts-for-Travel-Step-13.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Suspend-an-Object-in-Jello"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="03d6a69a48e25731f9b0c1872c733cdd" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Suspend an Object in Jello" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/df/Suspend-an-Object-in-Jello-Step-13.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Suspend-an-Object-in-Jello-Step-13.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Suspend an Object in Jello</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('03d6a69a48e25731f9b0c1872c733cdd')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/df/Suspend-an-Object-in-Jello-Step-13.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Suspend-an-Object-in-Jello-Step-13.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Cook-Fresh-Cauliflower"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="5e82922fa91119105b0bcd875fdc18d7" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Cook Fresh Cauliflower" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/dd/Cook-Fresh-Cauliflower-Step-24.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Cook-Fresh-Cauliflower-Step-24.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Cook Fresh Cauliflower</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('5e82922fa91119105b0bcd875fdc18d7')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/dd/Cook-Fresh-Cauliflower-Step-24.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Cook-Fresh-Cauliflower-Step-24.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Clean-Shoes-with-a-Toothbrush"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="6b88397aabd121067af32ccf62fa36b8" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Clean Shoes with a Toothbrush" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2a/Clean-Shoes-with-a-Toothbrush-Step-12.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Clean-Shoes-with-a-Toothbrush-Step-12.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Clean Shoes with a Toothbrush</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('6b88397aabd121067af32ccf62fa36b8')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2a/Clean-Shoes-with-a-Toothbrush-Step-12.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Clean-Shoes-with-a-Toothbrush-Step-12.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Use-Kaffir-Lime-Leaves"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="68167ae04e536ff3890320125982557b" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Use Kaffir Lime Leaves" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d2/Use-Kaffir-Lime-Leaves-Step-16.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Use-Kaffir-Lime-Leaves-Step-16.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Use Kaffir Lime Leaves</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('68167ae04e536ff3890320125982557b')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/d/d2/Use-Kaffir-Lime-Leaves-Step-16.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Use-Kaffir-Lime-Leaves-Step-16.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Clean-a-Travel-Pillow"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="3f37f8daf6182734139936271e9f07fa" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Clean a Travel Pillow" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2b/Clean-a-Travel-Pillow-Step-10-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Clean-a-Travel-Pillow-Step-10-Version-2.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Clean a Travel Pillow</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('3f37f8daf6182734139936271e9f07fa')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2b/Clean-a-Travel-Pillow-Step-10-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Clean-a-Travel-Pillow-Step-10-Version-2.jpg"/></noscript></a><div class="clearall"></div></div><script>if(typeof WH.ads != 'undefined'){WH.ads.addExtraRRElemement('sb_67be769957a1d', 'hp_watch');}</script><div class="rrdoublewrap"><div class="rrdoubleinner"><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="none" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail14_ad_1" class="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail14_ad_1')</script><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="rightrail14_ad_1" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail15_ad_1" class="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail15_ad_1')</script></div></div><div id="sb_67be769959634" class="sidebox sidebox-articles" data-section-name="hp_popular"><h3>Trending Articles</h3><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Planet-Fitness-Tanning"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="3727eb937fa51de57b3f220217d1b3ce" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Tanning at Planet Fitness: Everything You Need to Know" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/ee/Planet-Fitness-Tanning-Step-13.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Planet-Fitness-Tanning-Step-13.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Tanning at Planet Fitness: Everything You Need to Know</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('3727eb937fa51de57b3f220217d1b3ce')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/ee/Planet-Fitness-Tanning-Step-13.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Planet-Fitness-Tanning-Step-13.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/How-Accurate-Is-Apple-Watch-Calories"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="f1863c2bd2a6ec42adf89adb39d8eb26" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Apple Watch & Calorie Accuracy: What You Need to Know" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/6/6a/How-Accurate-Is-Apple-Watch-Calories-Step-15.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-How-Accurate-Is-Apple-Watch-Calories-Step-15.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Apple Watch & Calorie Accuracy: What You Need to Know</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('f1863c2bd2a6ec42adf89adb39d8eb26')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/6/6a/How-Accurate-Is-Apple-Watch-Calories-Step-15.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-How-Accurate-Is-Apple-Watch-Calories-Step-15.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/What-Color-Shoes-with-Grey-Suit"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="bbe36962c1c658bf88ddc55c1a469f11" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt=" Choose the Perfect Shoes To Wear With a Grey Suit" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/e5/What-Color-Shoes-with-Grey-Suit-Step-11.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-What-Color-Shoes-with-Grey-Suit-Step-11.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div> Choose the Perfect Shoes To Wear With a Grey Suit</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('bbe36962c1c658bf88ddc55c1a469f11')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/e/e5/What-Color-Shoes-with-Grey-Suit-Step-11.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-What-Color-Shoes-with-Grey-Suit-Step-11.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Survive-an-Avalanche"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="7ae2cb64655c9a0be28ea6215dd93206" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Survive an Avalanche" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/3f/Survive-an-Avalanche-Step-11-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Survive-an-Avalanche-Step-11-Version-2.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div>Survive an Avalanche</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('7ae2cb64655c9a0be28ea6215dd93206')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/3/3f/Survive-an-Avalanche-Step-11-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Survive-an-Avalanche-Step-11-Version-2.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Write-a-Bibliography"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="4db071740c3a90a6bac72041a17fd0e4" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="How Do You Write a Bibliography? A Guide with Examples" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2c/Write-a-Bibliography-Step-19-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Write-a-Bibliography-Step-19-Version-2.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>How Do You Write a Bibliography? A Guide with Examples</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('4db071740c3a90a6bac72041a17fd0e4')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/2c/Write-a-Bibliography-Step-19-Version-2.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Write-a-Bibliography-Step-19-Version-2.jpg"/></noscript></a><a class="related-wh sidebox-related-wh" href="/Make-a-Sagittarius-Man-Regret-Losing-You"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="8f9b4fc388f4b4c2d498b17815ee9df8" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt=" Win Back a Sagittarius Man" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/11/Make-a-Sagittarius-Man-Regret-Losing-You-Step-16.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-a-Sagittarius-Man-Regret-Losing-You-Step-16.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto">How to</div> Win Back a Sagittarius Man</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('8f9b4fc388f4b4c2d498b17815ee9df8')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/1/11/Make-a-Sagittarius-Man-Regret-Losing-You-Step-16.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Make-a-Sagittarius-Man-Regret-Losing-You-Step-16.jpg"/></noscript></a><div class="clearall"></div></div><script>if(typeof WH.ads != 'undefined'){WH.ads.addExtraRRElemement('sb_67be769959634', 'hp_popular');}</script><div class="rrdoublewrap"><div class="rrdoubleinner"><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="none" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail16_ad_1" class="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail16_ad_1')</script><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="rightrail16_ad_1" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail17_ad_1" class="rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail17_ad_1')</script></div></div><div id="sb_67be76995b390" class="sidebox sidebox-articles" data-section-name="quizzes"><h3>Quizzes</h3><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/What-Disney-Princess-Are-You"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="d06f4e86c687c733c579c861ef28296d" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="What Disney Princess Am I Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/45/Quiz_-_princess_-_ralph_group_shot.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Quiz_-_princess_-_ralph_group_shot.jpg"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>What Disney Princess Am I Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('d06f4e86c687c733c579c861ef28296d')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/45/Quiz_-_princess_-_ralph_group_shot.jpg/-crop-127-140-127px-Quiz_-_princess_-_ralph_group_shot.jpg"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/Phobia-Test"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="3d3283ebbcc88469ad1a5d78967a431c" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Do I Have a Phobia Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Phobia_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Phobia_quiz.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Do I Have a Phobia Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('3d3283ebbcc88469ad1a5d78967a431c')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/f/fb/Phobia_quiz.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Phobia_quiz.png"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/Guess-My-Age"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="6a1554d4254b92d502cbb26fc5ed6727" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Guess My Age Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/74/Guess-my-age-image-%281%29.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Guess-my-age-image-%281%29.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Guess My Age Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('6a1554d4254b92d502cbb26fc5ed6727')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/7/74/Guess-my-age-image-%281%29.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Guess-my-age-image-%281%29.png"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/Genius-Test"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="0f18d34958556974701352e378ef1366" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Am I a Genius Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/cf/Genius_test.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Genius_test.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Am I a Genius Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('0f18d34958556974701352e378ef1366')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/c/cf/Genius_test.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Genius_test.png"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/Depression-Test"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="c0c8ed11a5ced3e6f882c461db64ecf7" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="Depression Test" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/b3/Depression-Test.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Depression-Test.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>Depression Test</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('c0c8ed11a5ced3e6f882c461db64ecf7')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/b/b3/Depression-Test.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Depression-Test.png"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><a class="related-wh related-wh-quiz" href="/What-Human-Emotion-Am-I-Quiz"><div class="content-spacer"><img id="d623c3b0d0715fe07305ebe4819bcb20" class="scrolldefer content-fill" alt="What Human Emotion Am I Quiz" width="127" height="140" data-src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/45/Human-emotion.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Human-emotion.png"/><span class="related-wh-title sidebox-related-wh-title"><div class="related-wh-howto"></div>What Human Emotion Am I Quiz</span></div><script>WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('d623c3b0d0715fe07305ebe4819bcb20')</script><noscript><img src="https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/4/45/Human-emotion.png/-crop-127-140-127px-Human-emotion.png"/></noscript><span class="related-wh-quiz-button">Take Quiz</span></a><div class="clearall"></div></div><script>if(typeof WH.ads != 'undefined'){WH.ads.addExtraRRElemement('sb_67be76995b390', 'quizzes');}</script><div class="rrdoublewrap"><div class="rrdoubleinner"><div class="wh_ad_inner rr_container" data-service="dfp" data-adunitpath="/10095428/engl/engl_gam_lgm_rght2" data-size="[300, 250]" data-prebidload="1" data-apsload="1" data-refreshable="1" data-viewablerefresh="1" data-first-refresh-time="30000" data-refresh-time="28000" data-aps-timeout="800" data-width="300" data-height="250" data-innerclass="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad" data-type="rightrail" data-large="1" data-channels="2414719621" data-rightrailmore="1" data-rrtarget="none" data-aditudetarget="pb-slot-engl-rght-2" data-largechannels="2060152247,5763098696" data-smallchannels="8156154280" data-mediumchannels="4066873649" data-pagetype="methods" data-observerloading="1" data-sizes-array="[300, 250]" data-gptdisplaylate="1" data-pbadunits="{"appnexus":[["19512203",[300,250]],["19512204",[300,600]],["19512207",[160,600]],["19512206",[120,600]]],"pubmatic":[["2946786",[300,250]],["2946788",[300,600]],["2946816",[160,600]],["2946817",[120,600]]],"ix":[["531042",[300,250]],["531043",[300,600]],["531045",[160,600]],["531044",[120,600]]],"amx":"d2lraWhvdy5jb20","rubicon":"1753132","shemedia":"2952570","openx":[["541138158",[300,250]],["541138159",[300,600]],["541138161",[160,600]],["541138160",[120,600]]],"triplelift":"Wikihow_engl_gam_lgm_rght2_Prebid","yahooAds":"8a96954f01747430358b365407b70330","yieldmo":[["2508866731389165650",[300,250]],["2508866731498217555",[300,600]],["2508866731573715028",[160,600]],["2508866731657601109",[120,600]]],"grid":168935,"medianet":"155853165","rise":"engl_gam_lgm_rght2","sharethrough":"QdqFVSPLRV5oZNThNKyH9cpm"}"><div id="rightrail18_ad_1" class="w_label al_grey rightrail_ad rightraildouble_ad blockthrough"></div></div><script>WH.ads.addBodyAd('rightrail18_ad_1')</script></div></div></div><br class="clearall"></div><br class="clearall"><script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "http:\/\/schema.org", "@type": "Article", "headline": "How to Schedule a Text on Android & iOS: Step-by-Step Guide", "name": "How to Schedule a Text on Android & iOS: Step-by-Step Guide", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "id": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text" }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg\/v4-1200px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg", "width": 1200, "height": 899 }, "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Stan Kats", "sameAs": [ "https:\/\/stginfotech.com\/", "https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/stankats\/", "https:\/\/twitter.com\/stansgarage", "https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/STGITConsulting" ] }, "datePublished": "2024-04-19", "dateModified": "2024-10-28", "publisher": { "@context": "http:\/\/schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "wikiHow", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/skins\/owl\/images\/wikihow_logo_nobg_60.png", "width": 326, "height": 60 }, "sameAs": [ "https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/wikiHow\/", "https:\/\/twitter.com\/wikiHow", "https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/wikihow\/", "https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/wikihow\/", "https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/WikiHow" ] }, "description": "A complete guide to sending scheduled messagesHave you ever wondered if you can schedule a text on your phone, similar to how you can schedule an email or social media post? The answer is yes\u2014but the process varies quite a bit depending on..." }</script><script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "http:\/\/schema.org", "@type": "HowTo", "headline": "How to Schedule a Text on Android & iOS: Step-by-Step Guide", "name": "How to Schedule a Text on Android & iOS: Step-by-Step Guide", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg\/v4-1200px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg", "width": 1200, "height": 899 }, "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Stan Kats", "sameAs": [ "https:\/\/stginfotech.com\/", "https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/stankats\/", "https:\/\/twitter.com\/stansgarage", "https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/STGITConsulting" ] }, "datePublished": "2024-04-19", "dateModified": "2024-10-28", "publisher": { "@context": "http:\/\/schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "wikiHow", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/skins\/owl\/images\/wikihow_logo_nobg_60.png", "width": 326, "height": 60 }, "sameAs": [ "https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/wikiHow\/", "https:\/\/twitter.com\/wikiHow", "https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/wikihow\/", "https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/wikihow\/", "https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/WikiHow" ] }, "step": [ { "@type": "HowToSection", "name": "Scheduling a Text on Android", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Compose a text in the Messages app. In order to schedule a text, you must be on Android 7 or newer and you must be connected to Wi-Fi or cellular data at the scheduled send time. If you're not connected, the message will be sent as soon as you have service again.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/9b\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-1.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-00" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap and hold on the Send button. A menu will pop up titled Schedule send.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/13\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-2.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-01" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Select a date and time to schedule your text for. You can select one of the options on the menu, or you can tap Pick date and time to select your own date and time.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-3.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-02" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap the Send button. Your text will be sent once the scheduled date and time arrives.\n\nWhen you open a conversation with a scheduled text, you'll get a notification that there's a message scheduled.\nTo edit a scheduled message, tap the Schedule button next to the text. You can then change the message's contents, send the message right away, or delete the message.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/93\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-4.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-03" } ] }, { "@type": "HowToSection", "name": "Scheduling a Text on iOS 18", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Open the Messages app. With iOS 18, Apple has added the ability to schedule texts via iMessage up to two weeks in advance. iOS 18 will be available for the following iPhone models on September 16, 2024:\n\niPhone SE 2nd generation or later\niPhone XS, XS Max, and XR\niPhone 11, 11 Pro, and 11 Pro Max\niPhone 12, 12 mini, 12 Pro, and 12 Pro Max\niPhone 13, 13 mini, 13 Pr, and 13 Pro Max\niPhone 14, 14 Plus, 14 Pro, and 14 Pro Max\niPhone 15, 15 Plus, 15 Pro, 15 Pro Max\niPhone 16, 16 Plus, 16 Pro, 16 Pro Max", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d5\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5-Version-3.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-14" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Open an iMessage conversation. At this time, you can only schedule texts to other iPhone users, and you both must have iMessage turned on. To enable iMessage, go to Settings \u003E Apps \u003E Messages, then toggle on the iMessage option.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/bf\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6-Version-3.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-15" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap the + next to the message field. A menu will pop up with all of the apps and features you can use in this message.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7-Version-3.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-16" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap Send Later. It has an icon of a blue clock surrounded by a dashed line. After tapping, you will see a blue box above the message field with a date and time.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/3\/3a\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8-Version-3.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-17" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap the blue box to change the scheduled date and time. You can schedule a text for up to two weeks in advance. Use the scroll dials to select the date and time you want to schedule the text for.\nThe date and time automatically updates to whatever is selected on the scroll dials. Once you have the correct date and time selected, tap the message field to bring the keyboard back.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/6\/6c\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9-Version-3.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-18" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Write the text message you want to send. When you are in the process of scheduling a message, you will notice the send button changes from a solid blue button with a white arrow to a transparent blue button with a solid blue arrow.\nIf you decide you don't want to actually schedule the text, tap the x on the blue box to remove it.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/6\/67\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10-Version-3.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-19" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap the send button. Make sure the send button is transparent blue with a solid blue arrow. If it's not, and you don't see the blue box with the scheduled date and time, you will instead send the message immediately.\n\nOnce you send the message, it will show up in the chat in a bubble with no background and a blue dashed outline. The text will also be blue. Despite showing up in the chat, the other user can't see the message until it is sent at the scheduled date and time.\nTo edit or delete your scheduled text, tap the Edit button next to the scheduled \"Send Later\" time. A small menu will pop up with the options to Send Message, Edit Time, or Delete Message.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/a2\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11-Version-3.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-110" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap the x next to the blue box. Once you've scheduled your message, the Send Later feature will still be active. To remove it and go back to normal texting, tap the x to close out of Send Later.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/a9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12-Version-3.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-111" } ] }, { "@type": "HowToSection", "name": "iPhone Shortcuts App", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Open the Shortcuts app. If you are on iOS 12 or later, you can use the Shortcuts app to schedule a text.\n\nIf you're on iOS 13 or later, Shortcuts are installed on your phone automatically. If you're on an iOS version earlier than 13, you can download the Shortcuts app from the App Store.\nWhile this method still works on iOS 18, the ability to schedule texts has been added into iOS 18. Jump back up to our method above to learn how.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/ac\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-5.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-212" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap the Automations tab at the bottom of the screen. It's in between the Shortcuts and Gallery tabs and has an icon of a clock on it.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/2a\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-6.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-213" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap New Automation. If you already have some automations created, you won't see this button. Instead, tap the + in the upper-right corner.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/b2\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-7.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-214" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap Time of Day and enter when you want to send your message. To create an automation for a scheduled message, you should select:\n\n\nTime of Day: Set this for the time you want your message to send.\n\nMonthly: Set this for the date you want your message to send.\n\nRun Immediately: This will run your automation as soon as the scheduled date and time arrives.\nTap Next to continue to the next screen.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/7f\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-8.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-215" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap Send Message. It's at the top, next to Start Blank Automation. If you don't see this option, you can search for \"Send Message\" in the search bar, then select it.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/ee\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-9.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-216" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap the word Message and enter your message. This is instructing the automation what message it should send when the scheduled time arrives.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/1e\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-10.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-217" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap the word Recipients and enter who you're sending the message to. You can select one or multiple people to send this text to.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/aa\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-11.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-218" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap Done in the upper-right corner. Shortcuts will send your message at the scheduled date and time. If you want to edit your message before it sends, go back to your automation in the Shortcuts app and change things as needed.\nNote that this workaround creates an automation that will send the scheduled message once a month at the date and time you entered. If you only want to send the message one time, make sure to go into Shortcuts and disable the automation once the message has been sent.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/e9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-12.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-219" } ] }, { "@type": "HowToSection", "name": "iPhone Reminders App", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Open the Reminders app. If you're on iOS 13 or later, you can use the Reminders app to remind yourself to send a text. It doesn't send a text for you, but it creates a reminder so that you remember to send the text later.\nWhile this method still works on iOS 18, the ability to schedule texts has been added into iOS 18. Jump back up to our method above to learn how.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/7d\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-13.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-320" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Tap the + New Reminder button. It's in the bottom-left of your screen.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/3\/36\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-14.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-321" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Write your reminder. Give the reminder a title so you know who you should be texting. You can even write the body of your text out in the \"notes\" section of the reminder so you don't have to do it later.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/fd\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-15.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-322" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Set a date and time for the reminder. You can do this by clicking the \"i\" button next to the reminder.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d2\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-16.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-323" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Send the text when your phone sends you the reminder. If you wrote out the text in the notes of your reminder, you can send it directly from the Reminders app by doing the following:\n\nOpen the reminder.\nHighlight the contents of the note.\nTap the Share button that pops up in the contextual menu.\nTap the Messages button and select a contact.\nTap Send once you're ready to send the message.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8e\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-17.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-324" } ] }, { "@type": "HowToSection", "name": "Third-Party Apps for Scheduling Texts", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Moxy Messenger Moxy Messenger is a message scheduling app that allows you to schedule not only texts and iMessages, but also messages in WhatsApp, Slack, Facebook Messenger, GroupMe, and even emails.\n\nNote that some of Moxy Messenger's features are only available if you subscribe to Moxy Plus for $4.99 per month (or by purchasing Moxy Lifetime, a one-time purchase of $99.99).\nMoxy Messenger is available for iPhone.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/14\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-18.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-425" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Reminderbase Reminderbase is a message reminder app marketed towards small businesses or marketers, but you can also use it for scheduling texts. Unlike Moxy Messenger, it can only send emails and text messages (10 of each per month for the free plan).\n\nYou can subscribe to Reminderbase for anywhere from $2.99 per month to $13.99 per month depending on the plan you select, if you need to send more messages or want to include MMS.\nReminderbase is available for iPhone and iPad and on the web.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/0\/01\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-19.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-426" }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Carrier Messaging Carrier Messaging is a simple message scheduling app. It can only schedule text messages, but it's easy to use and can be synced with your contacts to make the message scheduling process smoother.\n\nYou can schedule a limited number of messages per month for free with Carrier Messaging. If you want to get unlimited messages, there is a one-time pro upgrade fee of $9.99.\nCarrier Messaging is available on iPhone and iPad.", "image": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c9\/Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg\/v4-460px-Schedule-a-Text-Step-20.jpg", "url": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text#step-id-427" } ] } ], "description": "A complete guide to sending scheduled messagesHave you ever wondered if you can schedule a text on your phone, similar to how you can schedule an email or social media post? The answer is yes\u2014but the process varies quite a bit depending on..." }</script><script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "http:\/\/schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "item": { "@id": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com", "name": "wikiHow" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "item": { "@id": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Category:Education-and-Communications", "name": "Education and Communications" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "item": { "@id": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Category:Communication-Skills", "name": "Communication Skills" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 4, "item": { "@id": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Category:Phone-Skills", "name": "Phone Skills" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 5, "item": { "@id": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Category:Texting", "name": "Texting" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 6, "item": { "@id": "https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/Schedule-a-Text", "name": "How to Schedule a Text on Android & iOS: Step-by-Step Guide" } } ] }</script> <div id="fb-root" ></div> <div id="footer" role="navigation"> <div id="footer_inner"> <a href='/Main-Page' id="footer_logo"> <img src='/skins/owl/images/wikihow_logo_intl.png' width='162' height='42' alt='wikiHow' /> </a> <div id="footer_crumbs"> <ul class="breadcrumbs"> <li><a href="/Special:CategoryListing" title="Special:CategoryListing">Categories</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Education-and-Communications" title="Category:Education and Communications">Education and Communications</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Communication-Skills" title="Category:Communication Skills">Communication Skills</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Phone-Skills" title="Category:Phone Skills">Phone Skills</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Texting" title="Category:Texting">Texting</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="footer_top_divider" class="footer_divider"></div> <div id="footer_vertical_divider"></div> <div id="footer_newsletter"> <div id="footer_subscribe_icon"></div> <div id="footer_subscribe_title">wikiHow Newsletter</div> <div id="footer_subscribe_confirm_text">You're all set!</div> <div id="footer_subscribe_text">Helpful how-tos delivered to<br/>your inbox every week!</div> <input type="email" class="news_sub_element email_input" id="footer_subscribe_email" placeholder="Enter your email"/> <a href="#" id="footer_subscribe_button" class="button news_sub_element email_submit">Sign me up!</a> <div id="footer_subscribe_notice" class="news_sub_element">By signing up you are agreeing to receive emails according to our privacy policy.</div> </div> <div id="footer_newsletter_divider" class="footer_divider"></div> <div id="search_footer" class="wh_search " role="search"> <div class="cse_x" role="button"></div> <form action="/wikiHowTo" id="cse-search-box-bottom"> <div> <input type="text" class="cse_q search_box" id='search_field_bottom' name="search" value="" placeholder="How to Schedule a Text Message on iPhone or Android" x-webkit-speech aria-label="Search here" /> <input type="submit" value="" class="cse_sa" alt="" name="Search"/> </div> </form> </div> <!--end search--> <div id="footer_links"> <ul> <li><a href="/Main-Page" title="Main Page">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/About-wikiHow" class="mw-redirect" title="About wikiHow">About wikiHow</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.wikihow.com/Experts">Experts</a></li> <li><a href="/wikiHow:Jobs" title="wikiHow:Jobs">Jobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wikiHow:Contact-Us" title="wikiHow:Contact Us">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="/Special:Sitemap" title="Special:Sitemap">Site Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wikiHow:Terms-of-Use" title="wikiHow:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wikiHow:Privacy-Policy" title="wikiHow:Privacy Policy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a id="footer_ccpa" href="#">Do Not <span class="ccpa_footer_extra">Sell or </span>Share My Info</a></li> <li><a id="footer_ccpa_optout" href="#">Not Selling Info</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.wikihow.com/wikiHow:Contribute">Contribute</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="sf"> <div> <p>Follow Us</p> <a id="sf_pin" class="sf_icon" href="https://www.pinterest.com/wikihow/_created/" target="_blank" title="Pinterest"></a><a id="sf_ig" class="sf_icon" href="https://www.instagram.com/wikihow/" target="_blank" title="Instagram"></a><a id="sf_tktk" class="sf_icon" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@wikihow?lang=en" target="_blank" title="TikTok"></a><a id="sf_fb" class="sf_icon" href="https://www.facebook.com/wikiHow/" target="_blank" title="Facebook"></a><a id="sf_tt" class="sf_icon" href="https://x.com/wikihow" target="_blank" title="Twitter"></a><a id="sf_yt" class="sf_icon" href="https://www.youtube.com/wikihow" target="_blank" title="YouTube"></a><a id="sf_nl" class="sf_icon" href="https://www.wikihow.com/Newsletters" target="_blank" title="Newsletter"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id='sliderbox' class=" green default" data-color="green"> <div id='slider_container'> <button id='slider_close_button' on="tap:sliderbox.hide">×</button> <div class='slider_content'> <p id='slider_small_headline'>wikiHow Tech Help Pro:</p> <p id='slider_big_headline'>Level up your tech skills and stay ahead of the curve</p> <a id="slider_button" class='button slider_button email_submit' rel="nofollow" data-event_type="tech_help_10" href="https://www.wikihow.com/Tech-Help-Pro" target="_blank">Let's go!</a> </div> </div> </div> <script>if (window.document.documentMode) {document.getElementById('sliderbox').parentNode.removeChild(document.getElementById('sliderbox'));}</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wikihow.com/extensions/min/f/_ads/gads.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wikihow.com/x/zscsucgm?"></script> <script> window.WH = window.WH || {}; WH.hasAdBlockers = ( window._ads !== 2 ); </script> <div id="article_courses_banner" > <a href="#" id="acb_close">X</a> <div> <div> <h4 id="acb_header"></h4> <p id="acb_text"></p> </div> <div> <a class="button" href="/Course/Explore?utm_source=wikihow&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=coursebanner" id="acb_button"></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pswp" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="pswp__bg"></div> <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap"> <div class="pswp__container"> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> </div> <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden"> <div class="pswp__top-bar"> <div class="pswp__method_high"></div> <div class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" title="Close (Esc)"></div> <div class="pswp__button pswp__button--share" title="Share"></div> <div class="pswp__button pswp__button--fs" title="Toggle fullscreen"></div> <div class="pswp__button pswp__button--zoom" title="Zoom in/out"></div> <div class="pswp__preloader"> <div class="pswp__preloader__icn"> <div class="pswp__preloader__cut"> <div class="pswp__preloader__donut"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pswp__share-modal pswp__share-modal--hidden pswp__single-tap"> <div class="pswp__share-tooltip"></div> </div> <div class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--left" title="Previous (arrow left)"> </div> <div class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--right" title="Next (arrow right)"> </div> <div class="pswp__caption"> <div class="pswp__caption__center"></div> <div class="pswp__caption__info"></div> </div> <div class="pswp__method"></div> <div class="pswp__counter"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='maticons_for_googlefc'>-</div><div class='opensans_for_googlefc'>-</div><img width='1' height='0' id='comscore_px' src='https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=8003466&cv=3.9.1&cj=1'></div></div><div id="servedtime" data-app="app1" style="display:none">708</div><script async="" src="/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&siterev=knjZV&skin=wh&target=mobile"></script> <noscript> <style> .mwimg a.image{display:none}#header_logo{display:none}#cse-search-box{display:none}#cse-search-box-noscript{display:block !important}#cse-search-box-noscript .cse_q{color:#FFF;background-color:#B3CE9C}.wh_search .cse_q{width:88%}#mw-mf-main-menu-button{display:none;visibility:hidden}.header .search{display:none}#search_footer .cse_sa{background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/white_mag.png);background-size:22px}.related_box{display:block;background:#EEE;border:5px solid #FFF;vertical-align:bottom;width:127px;background-size:180px;float:left;height:120px;position:relative}.related_box p{line-height:15px !important;font-size:13px;background-color:rgba(67,95,44,.4);color:#FFF;font-weight:bold;padding:8px;margin:0 !important;position:absolute;bottom:0}#noscript_header_logo{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;background-position:50% 77%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/wikihow_logo_230.png);background-size:105px;width:auto;height:51px;padding:0 14px}.articleinfo{display:none}#iorg_free_data{z-index:50;width:100%;position:fixed}#ara_recommendations{display:none}</style> </noscript><script> var whef="bm3eQ39j8i/h13TghnvR7"; </script> <script>(window.RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.034","walltime":"0.042","ppvisitednodes":{"value":599,"limit":1000000},"ppgeneratednodes":{"value":795,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":14897,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1389,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":4,"limit":40},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":100},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1427,"limit":5000000},"timingprofile":["100.00% 15.170 1 -total"," 47.86% 7.260 15 Template:MacButton"," 19.98% 3.031 1 Template:Fa"," 14.94% 2.267 1 Template:Reflist"," 13.48% 2.044 15 Template:Linear-gradient"," 9.00% 1.365 15 Template:Border-radius"," 3.78% 0.574 1 Template:UnorderedListTYSK"]},"cachereport":{"timestamp":"20250226020408","ttl":86400,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script>(window.RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgBackendResponseTime":708});});</script><script>if ( WH.shared.isDesktopSize && WH.hasAdBlockers ) { var newScript = document.createElement('script'); newScript.async = true; newScript.type = 'text/javascript'; // 'videoplayerhub.com' is sometimes blocked, as it appears in: // https://github.com/easylist/easylist/blob/master/easyprivacy/easyprivacy_trackingservers.txt newScript.src = 'https://wikihow-com.videoplayerhub.com/galleryloader.js'; var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; node.parentNode.insertBefore(newScript, node); } </script></body></html>