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href="#Early_political_career_(1996–2003)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Early political career (1996–2003) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Early_political_career_(1996–2003)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Early political career (1996–2003) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Early_political_career_(1996–2003)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Foster_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foster_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Foster administration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foster_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bush_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bush_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Bush administration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bush_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2003_election_for_governor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2003_election_for_governor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 2003 election for governor </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2003_election_for_governor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2005–2008)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2005–2008)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 U.S. House of Representatives (2005–2008) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2005–2008)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle U.S. House of Representatives (2005–2008) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2005–2008)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Elections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2004" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2004"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 2004 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2004-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2006" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2006"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2 2006 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2006-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Congressional_tenure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Congressional_tenure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Congressional tenure </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Congressional_tenure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Committee_assignments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Committee_assignments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Committee assignments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Committee_assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2007_gubernatorial_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007_gubernatorial_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 2007 gubernatorial election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007_gubernatorial_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governor_of_Louisiana_(2008–2016)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governor_of_Louisiana_(2008–2016)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Governor of Louisiana (2008–2016) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governor_of_Louisiana_(2008–2016)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Governor of Louisiana (2008–2016) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Governor_of_Louisiana_(2008–2016)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_term" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_term"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 First term </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_term-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hurricane_Gustav" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hurricane_Gustav"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.1 Hurricane Gustav </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hurricane_Gustav-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2011_re-election_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011_re-election_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 2011 re-election campaign </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011_re-election_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_term" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_term"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Second term </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_term-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tax_system_proposals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tax_system_proposals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3.1 Tax system proposals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tax_system_proposals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy_plan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy_plan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3.2 Energy plan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy_plan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retirement_from_politics_(2016–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retirement_from_politics_(2016–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Retirement from politics (2016–present) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retirement_from_politics_(2016–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 National politics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-National_politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle National politics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-National_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Speculation_about_2008_vice_presidential_nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speculation_about_2008_vice_presidential_nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Speculation about 2008 vice presidential nomination </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Speculation_about_2008_vice_presidential_nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Republican_response_to_President_Obama's_address_to_Congress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Republican_response_to_President_Obama's_address_to_Congress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Republican response to President Obama's address to Congress </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Republican_response_to_President_Obama's_address_to_Congress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012_presidential_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012_presidential_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 2012 presidential election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012_presidential_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016_presidential_candidacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016_presidential_candidacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 2016 presidential candidacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016_presidential_candidacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Political positions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Political positions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Abortion_and_stem_cell_research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abortion_and_stem_cell_research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Abortion and stem cell research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abortion_and_stem_cell_research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Same-sex_marriage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Same-sex_marriage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Same-sex marriage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Same-sex_marriage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marriage_and_Conscience_Act" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriage_and_Conscience_Act"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2.1 Marriage and Conscience Act </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_and_Conscience_Act-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_ethics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_ethics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Government ethics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_ethics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gun_rights_and_gun_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gun_rights_and_gun_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4 Gun rights and gun control </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gun_rights_and_gun_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tax_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tax_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.5 Tax policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tax_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.6 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.6.1 Evolution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civil_liberties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_liberties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.7 Civil liberties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_liberties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration_laws" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration_laws"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.8 Immigration laws </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration_laws-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.9 Health care </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_issues_and_offshore_drilling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_issues_and_offshore_drilling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.10 Environmental issues and offshore drilling </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_issues_and_offshore_drilling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.11 Earmarks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opposition_to_Recovery_Act" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposition_to_Recovery_Act"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.12 Opposition to Recovery Act </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposition_to_Recovery_Act-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-No-go_zones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#No-go_zones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.13 No-go zones </div> </a> <ul id="toc-No-go_zones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Personal life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Writings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Writings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Bobby Jindal</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" > 35 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84" title="بوبي جندال – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوبي جندال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84" title="بابی جیندال – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بابی جیندال" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84" title="بابی جیندال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بابی جیندال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EB%B9%84_%EC%A7%84%EB%8D%9C" title="보비 진덜 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보비 진덜" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2" title="बॉबी जिंदल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बॉबी जिंदल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99_%D7%92%27%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%90%D7%9C" title="בובי ג'ינדאל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בובי ג'ינדאל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಬಾಬಿ ಜಿಂದಾಲ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಾಬಿ ಜಿಂದಾಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piyush_Jindal" title="Piyush Jindal – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Piyush Jindal" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="बॉबी जिंदाल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बॉबी जिंदाल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%89_%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84" title="بوبى جندال – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بوبى جندال" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B8%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%83%AB" title="ボビー・ジンダル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ボビー・ジンダル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B2" title="ਬੌਬੀ ਜਿੰਦਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੌਬੀ ਜਿੰਦਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BB,_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Джиндл, Бобби – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джиндл, Бобби" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bobby Jindal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (born 1971)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Bobby Jindal</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Bobby_Jindal_(8568918149)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Bobby_Jindal_%288568918149%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Bobby_Jindal_%288568918149%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Bobby_Jindal_%288568918149%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Bobby_Jindal_%288568918149%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Bobby_Jindal_%288568918149%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Bobby_Jindal_%288568918149%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1555" data-file-height="2075" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Jindal in 2013</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">55th <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Louisiana" title="List of governors of Louisiana">Governor of Louisiana</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 14, 2008 – January 11, 2016</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lieutenant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mitch_Landrieu" title="Mitch Landrieu">Mitch Landrieu</a> <a href="/wiki/Scott_Angelle" title="Scott Angelle">Scott Angelle</a> <a href="/wiki/Jay_Dardenne" title="Jay Dardenne">Jay Dardenne</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Blanco" title="Kathleen Blanco">Kathleen Blanco</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">John Bel Edwards</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 1st congressional district">1st</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 3, 2005 – January 14, 2008</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">David Vitter</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">Steve Scalise</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services_for_Planning_and_Evaluation" title="Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Planning and Evaluation">Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Planning and Evaluation</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office July 9, 2001 – February 21, 2003</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hamburg" title="Margaret Hamburg">Margaret Hamburg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Michael O'Grady</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Piyush Jindal</div> (1971-06-10) June 10, 1971 (age 53) <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Supriya Jolly</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1997)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">BS</a>) <a href="/wiki/New_College,_Oxford" title="New College, Oxford">New College, Oxford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Letters" title="Master of Letters">MLitt</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Bobby_Jindal_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bobby Jindal's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Bobby_Jindal_signature.svg/128px-Bobby_Jindal_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Bobby_Jindal_signature.svg/192px-Bobby_Jindal_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Bobby_Jindal_signature.svg/256px-Bobby_Jindal_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="113" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bobbyjindal.com">bobbyjindal.com</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Piyush "Bobby" Jindal (born June 10, 1971<a href="#cite_note-nola-1">[1]</a>) is an American politician who served as the 55th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Louisiana" title="Governor of Louisiana">governor of Louisiana</a> from 2008 to 2016. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>, Jindal previously served as a <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. representative</a> from Louisiana from 2005 to 2008, and served as chair of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Governors_Association" title="Republican Governors Association">Republican Governors Association</a> from 2012 to 2013.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> In 1995, Jindal was appointed secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Department_of_Health_and_Hospitals" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals">Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals</a>. In 1999, he was appointed president of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisiana_System" title="University of Louisiana System">University of Louisiana System</a>. At 28, Jindal became the youngest person to hold the position. In 2001, President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> appointed Jindal as principal adviser to the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services">U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Taylor-3">[3]</a> Jindal first ran for governor of Louisiana in <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_gubernatorial_election,_2003" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana gubernatorial election, 2003">2003</a>, but lost in the <a href="/wiki/Runoff_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Runoff election">runoff election</a> to <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Blanco" title="Kathleen Blanco">Kathleen Blanco</a>. In 2004, he was elected to the <a href="/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a>, becoming the second <a href="/wiki/Indian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian American">Indian American</a> in Congress, and he was reelected in 2006. To date, he is the only Indian American Republican to have ever served in Congress. Jindal ran for governor again in the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_gubernatorial_election,_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana gubernatorial election, 2007">2007 election</a> and won. Jindal was re-elected in <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_gubernatorial_election,_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana gubernatorial election, 2011">2011</a> in a landslide, winning more than 65 percent of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-Taylor-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-First_IA_gov-4">[4]</a> He was the first <a href="/wiki/Indian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian American">Indian American</a> governor, and the only one until <a href="/wiki/Nikki_Haley" title="Nikki Haley">Nikki Haley</a> became <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_South_Carolina" title="Governor of South Carolina">Governor of South Carolina</a> in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> On June 24, 2015, Jindal announced <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jindal_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Bobby Jindal 2016 presidential campaign">his candidacy</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_presidential_primaries,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016">Republican nomination</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> He suspended his campaign in November 2015,<a href="#cite_note-tomlobiancoandjeffzeleny-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> subsequently announcing his support for <a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> He finished his term as governor in January 2016. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education">edit</a>]</div> Jindal was born on June 10, 1971, in <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, to immigrant <a href="/wiki/Indian_Americans" title="Indian Americans">Indian</a> <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Americans" title="Punjabi Americans">Punjabi</a> <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Hindus" title="Punjabi Hindus">Hindu</a> parents.<a href="#cite_note-nola-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-GowenBridges2015-10">[10]</a> He is the first of two sons of Raj (née Gupta) and Amar Jindal, from <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. His father is a <a href="/wiki/Civil_engineering" title="Civil engineering">civil engineer</a> and graduate of <a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak_Dev_University" title="Guru Nanak Dev University">Guru Nanak Dev University</a><a href="#cite_note-tribuneindia.com-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-esquire.com-12">[12]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panjab_University,_Chandigarh" class="mw-redirect" title="Panjab University, Chandigarh">Punjab University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> His mother is a graduate of <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajasthan University">Rajasthan University</a> and worked in nuclear physics at the <a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_Institute_of_Medical_Education_and_Research" title="Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research">Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a>. Before migrating to the United States, both of his parents were lecturers at an Indian engineering college.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-14">[14]</a> At the time of their move to the U.S., Raj Jindal was to be a doctoral candidate in physics.<a href="#cite_note-GowenBridges2015-10">[10]</a> They left <a href="/wiki/Malerkotla" title="Malerkotla">Malerkotla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> in January 1971, six months before their son was born.<a href="#cite_note-IHT_Nossiter_20071022-17">[17]</a> Jindal's paternal grandfather was a merchant from <a href="/wiki/Khanpur,_Ludhiana_West" title="Khanpur, Ludhiana West">Khanpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samrala" title="Samrala">Samrala</a> and his maternal grandfather was a <a href="/wiki/Ferozepur" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferozepur">Ferozepur</a> banker.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> The family settled near <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_University" title="Louisiana State University">Louisiana State University</a>. Jindal attended <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge_Magnet_High_School" title="Baton Rouge Magnet High School">Baton Rouge Magnet High School</a>, graduating in 1988. While in high school, he competed in tennis tournaments, started various enterprises such as a computer newsletter, retail candy business, and a mail-order software company. He spent free time working in the stands at <a href="/wiki/LSU_Tigers_football" title="LSU Tigers football">LSU football</a> games.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-19">[19]</a> Jindal graduated from <a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a> in 1992 at the age of 20, with <a href="/wiki/Academic_honors" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic honors">honors</a> in two majors: biology and public policy.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Jindal was admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Program_in_Liberal_Medical_Education" title="Program in Liberal Medical Education">Program in Liberal Medical Education</a> (PLME), guaranteeing him a place at <a href="/wiki/Alpert_Medical_School" title="Alpert Medical School">Brown Medical School</a>. He did not pursue his Medical Doctorate. Jindal has been credited with leading <a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a>'s <a href="/wiki/College_Republicans" title="College Republicans">College Republicans</a> student group.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Jindal was named to the 1992 <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a> All-USA Academic Team. He applied to and was accepted by both <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Medical_School" title="Harvard Medical School">Harvard Medical School</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yale_Law_School" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a>, but studied as a <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholar</a> where he received an <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Letters" title="Master of Letters">MLitt</a> in <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a> with an emphasis in <a href="/wiki/Health_policy" title="Health policy">health policy</a> from <a href="/wiki/New_College,_Oxford" title="New College, Oxford">New College, Oxford</a> in 1994. The subject of his <a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">thesis</a> was "A needs-based approach to health care".<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career">edit</a>]</div> After completing his studies at Oxford, Jindal turned down an offer to study for a <a href="/wiki/D.Phil." class="mw-redirect" title="D.Phil.">D.Phil.</a> in politics, instead joining the consulting firm <a href="/wiki/McKinsey_%26_Company" title="McKinsey & Company">McKinsey & Company</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10things-22">[22]</a> He then <a href="/wiki/Internship#United_States" title="Internship">interned</a> in the office of Rep. <a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">Jim McCrery</a> of Louisiana, where McCrery assigned him to work on healthcare policy; Jindal spent two weeks studying <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(United_States)" title="Medicare (United States)">Medicare</a> to compile an extensive report on possible solutions to Medicare's financial problems, which he presented to McCrery.<a href="#cite_note-NJbio-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_political_career_(1996–2003)">Early political career (1996–2003)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early political career (1996–2003)">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foster_administration">Foster administration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Foster administration">edit</a>]</div> In 1993, McCrery introduced Jindal to Governor <a href="/wiki/Mike_Foster_(American_politician)" title="Mike Foster (American politician)">Mike Foster</a>. In 1996, Foster appointed Jindal as Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Department_of_Health_and_Hospitals" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals">Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals</a>, an agency that represented about 40 percent of the state <a href="/wiki/Budget" title="Budget">budget</a> and employed over 12,000 people. Foster called Jindal a genius who had a great deal of medical knowledge.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Jindal was 24 at the time.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> During his tenure, Louisiana's <a href="/wiki/Medicaid" title="Medicaid">Medicaid</a> program went from <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">bankruptcy</a> with a $400 million <a href="/wiki/Government_budget_deficit" class="mw-redirect" title="Government budget deficit">deficit</a> into three years of <a href="/wiki/Economic_surplus" title="Economic surplus">surpluses</a> totaling $220 million.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Jindal was criticized during the 2007 campaign by the Louisiana <a href="/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93CIO" class="mw-redirect" title="AFL–CIO">AFL–CIO</a> for closing some local clinics to reach that surplus.<a href="#cite_note-TownTalk_Hasten_20070919-27">[27]</a> Under Jindal's term, Louisiana nationally rose to third place in child healthcare screenings, with child immunizations rising, and introduced new and expanded services for the elderly and the disabled.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> In 1998, Jindal was appointed executive director of the <a href="/wiki/National_Bipartisan_Commission_on_the_Future_of_Medicare" class="mw-redirect" title="National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare">National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare</a>, a 17-member panel charged with devising plans to reform <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(United_States)" title="Medicare (United States)">Medicare</a>. In 1999, at the request of the Louisiana governor's office and the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Legislature" title="Louisiana State Legislature">Louisiana State Legislature</a>, Jindal examined how Louisiana might use its $4.4 billion share of the <a href="/wiki/Tobacco_Master_Settlement_Agreement" title="Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement">tobacco settlement</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 1998, Jindal received the Samuel S. Beard Award for greatest public service by an individual 35 years old or under, an award given annually by <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Awards_for_Public_Service" title="Jefferson Awards for Public Service">Jefferson Awards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> At 28 years of age in 1999, Jindal was appointed to become the youngest-ever president of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisiana_System" title="University of Louisiana System">University of Louisiana System</a>, the nation's 16th largest system of higher education with over 80,000 students.<a href="#cite_note-esquire.comPage4-30">[30]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bobby_Jindal_at_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bobby_Jindal_at_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services.jpg/220px-Bobby_Jindal_at_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bobby_Jindal_at_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services.jpg/330px-Bobby_Jindal_at_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bobby_Jindal_at_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services.jpg/440px-Bobby_Jindal_at_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="514" /></a><figcaption>Jindal while working for the Department of Health and Human Services</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bush_administration">Bush administration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bush administration">edit</a>]</div> In March 2001, he was nominated by <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> to be <a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_for_Planning_and_Evaluation" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation">Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Planning and Evaluation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> He was later unanimously confirmed by a vote of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> and began serving on July 9, 2001. In that position, he served as the principal policy adviser to the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health and Human Services</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BJ.com_Experience-32">[32]</a> He resigned from that post on February 21, 2003, to return to Louisiana and run for governor.<a href="#cite_note-HHS_PressRelease_20030213-33">[33]</a> He was assigned to help fight the <a href="/wiki/Nursing_in_the_United_States" title="Nursing in the United States">nurse shortage</a> by examining steps to improve <a href="/wiki/Nursing_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Nursing education">nursing education</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2003_election_for_governor">2003 election for governor</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2003 election for governor">edit</a>]</div> Jindal came to national prominence during the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_gubernatorial_election,_2003" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana gubernatorial election, 2003">2003 election</a> for governor of Louisiana. In what Louisianans call an "<a href="/wiki/Open_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Open primary">open primary</a>" (but which is technically a <a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_blanket_primary" title="Nonpartisan blanket primary">nonpartisan blanket primary</a>), Jindal finished first with 33 percent of the vote. He received endorsements from the largest paper in Louisiana, the <a href="/wiki/Times-Picayune" class="mw-redirect" title="Times-Picayune">Times-Picayune</a>; the newly elected Democratic <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_New_Orleans" title="Mayor of New Orleans">mayor of New Orleans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Nagin" title="Ray Nagin">Ray Nagin</a>; and the outgoing Republican governor, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Foster_(American_politician)" title="Mike Foster (American politician)">Mike Foster</a>.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In the second balloting, Jindal faced the outgoing lieutenant governor, <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Babineaux_Blanco" class="mw-redirect" title="Kathleen Babineaux Blanco">Kathleen Babineaux Blanco</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Louisiana" title="Lafayette, Louisiana">Lafayette</a>, a Democrat. Despite winning in Blanco's hometown, he lost many normally <a href="/wiki/Conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative">conservative</a> parishes in north Louisiana, and Blanco prevailed with 52 percent of the popular vote.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Some political analysts blamed Jindal's loss for his refusal to answer questions targeted at his religion and ethnic background brought up in several Democratic advertisements,<a href="#cite_note-TimePicayune_Moller_20070816-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> which the Jindal campaign called "negative attack ads." Despite losing the election in 2003, the run for governor made Jindal a well-known figure on the state's political scene and a rising star within the Republican Party. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2005–2008)">U.S. House of Representatives (2005–2008)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: U.S. House of Representatives (2005–2008)">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Elections">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2004">2004</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2004">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections#Louisiana" title="2004 United States House of Representatives elections">2004 United States House of Representatives elections § Louisiana</a></div> A few weeks after the 2003 gubernatorial runoff, Jindal decided to run for <a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 1st congressional district">Louisiana's 1st congressional district</a>. The incumbent, <a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">David Vitter</a>, was running for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> seat being vacated by <a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">John Breaux</a>. The Louisiana Republican Party endorsed him in the primary although Mike Rogers, also a Republican, was running for the same seat. The 1st District has been in Republican hands since a 1977 <a href="/wiki/Special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Special election">special election</a> and is widely considered to be staunchly conservative.<a href="#cite_note-FoxNews_20080405-38">[38]</a> Jindal's campaign was able to raise over $1 million very early in the campaign, making it harder for other candidates to effectively raise funds to oppose him. He won the 2004 election with 78 percent of the vote.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Jindal was only the second <a href="/wiki/Indian-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian-American">Indian-American</a> to be elected to the United States Congress, after <a href="/wiki/Dalip_Singh_Saund" title="Dalip Singh Saund">Dalip Singh Saund</a> was elected in November 1955.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2006">2006</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2006">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections#Louisiana" title="2006 United States House of Representatives elections">2006 United States House of Representatives elections § Louisiana</a></div> Jindal won re-election to a second term with 88% of the vote. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Congressional_tenure">Congressional tenure</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Congressional tenure">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BobbyJindalHouseClerkBioguideTrees.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/BobbyJindalHouseClerkBioguideTrees.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="199" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="175" data-file-height="199" /></a><figcaption>Jindal served as congressman for a term-and-a-half until his election as governor</figcaption></figure> He was the second <a href="/wiki/Indian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian American">Indian American</a> elected to Congress.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> He has reportedly lived in <a href="/wiki/Kenner,_Louisiana" title="Kenner, Louisiana">Kenner</a>,<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <a href="/wiki/Metairie,_Louisiana" title="Metairie, Louisiana">Metairie</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In 2005, Jindal criticized Bush's budget for not calling for enough spending cuts.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> He warned of the growth of <a href="/wiki/Medicaid" title="Medicaid">Medicaid</a> saying "Congress may act without them...there seems to be growing momentum that the status quo is not defensible."<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Jindal praised Bush's leadership on social security reform, saying "The administration has a lot more work to do to continue educating the American people about the very serious challenges facing Social Security."<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> In response to <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a>, Jindal stated "If we had been investing resources in restoring our coast, it wouldn't have prevented the storm, but the barrier islands would have absorbed some of the tidal surge."<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_assignments">Committee assignments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Committee assignments">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Homeland_Security" title="United States House Committee on Homeland Security">House Committee on Homeland Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Resources" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Resources">House Committee on Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Education_and_the_Workforce" title="United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce">House Committee on Education and the Workforce</a></li></ul> He was made vice-chairman of the House Subcommittee on the Prevention of Nuclear and Biological Attacks. Jindal served as president of the incoming freshman class of congressmen, in 2004. He was elected to the position of House assistant majority whip, a senior leadership role. He served in this capacity from 2004 to 2006.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2007_gubernatorial_election">2007 gubernatorial election</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 2007 gubernatorial election">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2007_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2007 Louisiana gubernatorial election">2007 Louisiana gubernatorial election</a></div> On January 22, 2007, Jindal announced his candidacy for governor.<a href="#cite_note-TimesPicayune_Moller_20070123-47">[47]</a> Polling data showed him with an early lead in the race, and he remained the favorite throughout the campaign. He defeated eleven opponents in the <a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_blanket_primary" title="Nonpartisan blanket primary">nonpartisan blanket primary</a> held on October 20, including two prominent Democrats, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Legislature" title="Louisiana State Legislature">State Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Boasso" title="Walter Boasso">Walter Boasso</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chalmette,_Louisiana" title="Chalmette, Louisiana">Chalmette</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Public_Service_Commission" title="Louisiana Public Service Commission">Louisiana Public Service Commissioner</a> <a href="/wiki/Foster_Campbell" title="Foster Campbell">Foster Campbell</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bossier_City,_Louisiana" title="Bossier City, Louisiana">Bossier City</a>, and an <a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">independent</a>, New Orleans <a href="/wiki/Business" title="Business">businessman</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Georges" title="John Georges">John Georges</a>. Jindal finished with 699,672 votes (54 percent). Boasso ran second with 226,364 votes (17 percent). Georges finished with 186,800 (14 percent), and Campbell, who is also a former state senator, ran fourth with 161,425 (12 percent). The remaining candidates collectively polled three percent of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-Election20071020-48">[48]</a> This marked the first time that a non-incumbent candidate for governor was elected without a runoff under the Louisiana election system.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_Louisiana_(2008–2016)">Governor of Louisiana (2008–2016)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Governor of Louisiana (2008–2016)">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_term">First term</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: First term">edit</a>]</div> As governor-elect, Jindal named a new ethics team, with Democratic <a href="/wiki/Shreveport,_Louisiana" title="Shreveport, Louisiana">Shreveport</a> businesswoman <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Shehee" title="Virginia Shehee">Virginia Kilpatrick Shehee</a>, the first woman to have served in the state senate, as the vice-chairman of the panel. Jindal assumed the position of governor when he took the <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_office" title="Oath of office">oath of office</a> on January 14, 2008. At thirty-six, he became the youngest sitting governor in the United States. He is also Louisiana's first non-white governor since <a href="/wiki/P._B._S._Pinchback" title="P. B. S. Pinchback">P. B. S. Pinchback</a> served for thirty-five days during <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction era of the United States">Reconstruction</a>, and the first non-white governor to be elected (Pinchback succeeded to the position of lieutenant governor on the death of <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Dunn" title="Oscar Dunn">Oscar Dunn</a>, then to governor upon the impeachment of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay_Warmoth" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Clay Warmoth">Henry Clay Warmoth</a>).<a href="#cite_note-WashingtonPost_Whoriskey_20071021-50">[50]</a> Additionally, Jindal became the first <a href="/wiki/Indian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian American">Indian American</a> to be elected governor of any state in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-First_IA_gov-4">[4]</a> In a salute to the <a href="/wiki/2007_LSU_Tigers_football_team" title="2007 LSU Tigers football team">2007 LSU Tigers football</a> national championship team during his January 14, 2008, inauguration speech, Jindal stated in part "...They revere our athletes. Geaux Tigers...."<a href="#cite_note-WWLTV_speechtxt_20080114-51">[51]</a> In 2008, Jindal was ranked one of the nation's most popular governors with an approval rating of 77%.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-lpb-54">[54]</a> Thereafter, Janice Clark, a state district court judge in Baton Rouge, declared that portion of the law enhancing the retirement benefits of Edmonson to be unconstitutional.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bobby_Jindal_Christmas_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Bobby_Jindal_Christmas_3.jpg/220px-Bobby_Jindal_Christmas_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Bobby_Jindal_Christmas_3.jpg/330px-Bobby_Jindal_Christmas_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Bobby_Jindal_Christmas_3.jpg/440px-Bobby_Jindal_Christmas_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="739" data-file-height="465" /></a><figcaption>Governor Jindal greets children of deployed Louisiana National Guard Soldiers at the lighting of the State Capitol Christmas tree.</figcaption></figure> On June 27, 2008, Louisiana's Secretary of State confirmed that a <a href="/wiki/Recall_election" title="Recall election">recall petition</a> had been filed against Jindal in response to Jindal's refusal to <a href="/wiki/Veto" title="Veto">veto</a> a bill that would have more than doubled the current state legislative pay. During his gubernatorial campaign, Jindal had pledged to prevent legislative pay raises that would take effect during the current term.<a href="#cite_note-TimesPicayune_Scott_20080627-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Jindal responded by saying that he is opposed to the pay increase, but that he had pledged to let the legislature govern themselves.<a href="#cite_note-DailyAdvertiser_20080618-61">[61]</a> On June 30, 2008, Jindal reversed his earlier position by vetoing the pay raise legislation, stating that he made a mistake by staying out of the pay raise issue. In response, the petitioners dropped their recall effort.<a href="#cite_note-TimesPicayune_Anderson_20080630-62">[62]</a> <a href="/wiki/Standard_and_Poor%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard and Poor's">Standard and Poor's</a> raised Louisiana's bond rating and credit outlook from stable to positive in 2009. In announcing this change, the organization gave credit to the state's strong management and "commitment to streamlining its government functions."<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Jindal met with President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> in October 2009 where the governor pushed for increased federal dollars to cover rising Medicaid costs, speeding the construction of hurricane-protection barriers, and financing the proposed Louisiana State University teaching hospital. During a town hall meeting, Obama praised Jindal as a "hard working man who is doing a good job" for the State, and expressed support for the governor's overhaul of the State's educational system in the area of increased charter schools.<a href="#cite_note-content.usatoday.com-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Jindal negotiated an agreement whereby Foster Farms, a private chicken processor, would receive $50 million in taxpayer funds to purchase a chicken processing plant owned by bankrupt <a href="/wiki/Pilgrim%27s_Pride" title="Pilgrim's Pride">Pilgrim's Pride</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Some claimed there is a conflict of interest in that Pilgrim's Pride founder Lonnie "Bo" Pilgrim contributed $2500 to Jindal's campaign in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-best-66">[66]</a> Other contributors to Jindal's campaign who benefited from economic development spending include Albemarle and Edison Chouest Offshore.<a href="#cite_note-best-66">[66]</a> Jindal however released a statement saying that this legislation saved over 1,000 jobs, serves as a stimulus to Louisiana's economy, and had wide bipartisan support.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FEMA_-_37939_-_President_Bush_at_the_EOC_in_Louisiana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/FEMA_-_37939_-_President_Bush_at_the_EOC_in_Louisiana.jpg/200px-FEMA_-_37939_-_President_Bush_at_the_EOC_in_Louisiana.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/FEMA_-_37939_-_President_Bush_at_the_EOC_in_Louisiana.jpg/300px-FEMA_-_37939_-_President_Bush_at_the_EOC_in_Louisiana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/FEMA_-_37939_-_President_Bush_at_the_EOC_in_Louisiana.jpg/400px-FEMA_-_37939_-_President_Bush_at_the_EOC_in_Louisiana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2336" data-file-height="3504" /></a><figcaption>Then <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> and Jindal greeting EOC employees, during disaster recovery efforts for <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gustav" title="Hurricane Gustav">Hurricane Gustav</a>, September 2008</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hurricane_Gustav">Hurricane Gustav</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Hurricane Gustav">edit</a>]</div> Jindal oversaw one of the largest evacuations in U.S. history (nearly two million people) in late August 2008 prior to the Louisiana landfall of <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gustav" title="Hurricane Gustav">Hurricane Gustav</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Newsday_20080904-68">[68]</a> He issued mandatory evacuation orders for the state's coastal areas and activated 3,000 National Guardsman to aid in the exodus. He also ordered the state to purchase generators to provide needed power to hospitals and nursing homes without power. Government officials vacated hospitals and nursing homes and put the poor, the ill, and the elderly on buses and trains out of town. The evacuation was credited as one reason that Gustav resulted in only 16 deaths in the U.S. The state's successful response to <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gustav" title="Hurricane Gustav">Hurricane Gustav</a> was in stark contrast to the failed <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_response" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane response">hurricane response</a> system for <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a> in 2005. Jindal received bipartisan praise for his leadership during Gustav.<a href="#cite_note-Cleveland20080903-69">[69]</a> Jindal had been scheduled to address the Republican National Convention, but cancelled his plans in order to focus on Louisiana's needs during the storm.<a href="#cite_note-WashingtonPost_Whoriskey_20080902-70">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2011_re-election_campaign">2011 re-election campaign</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 2011 re-election campaign">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2011_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2011 Louisiana gubernatorial election">2011 Louisiana gubernatorial election</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ObamaAllenJindalMay2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/ObamaAllenJindalMay2010.jpg/220px-ObamaAllenJindalMay2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/ObamaAllenJindalMay2010.jpg/330px-ObamaAllenJindalMay2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/ObamaAllenJindalMay2010.jpg/440px-ObamaAllenJindalMay2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2731" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">U.S. President</a> <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> talks with Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal and <a href="/wiki/Commandant_of_the_Coast_Guard" title="Commandant of the Coast Guard">U.S. Coast Guard Commandant</a> Admiral <a href="/wiki/Thad_Allen" title="Thad Allen">Thad Allen</a> in May 2010.</figcaption></figure> Jindal announced his intention to seek reelection in 2011. In the face of Jindal's high <a href="/wiki/Approval_rating" class="mw-redirect" title="Approval rating">approval ratings</a> and big amounts of <a href="/wiki/Campaign_finance_in_the_United_States" title="Campaign finance in the United States">campaign funds</a>,<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Democrats struggled to land a recruit of any substance.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Running against four Democrats, a Libertarian and four independents in the <a href="/wiki/Jungle_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungle primary">jungle primary</a>, Jindal received 66% of the vote in the blanket primary, thereby winning election in the first round.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_term">Second term</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Second term">edit</a>]</div> In August 2011, the <a href="/wiki/American_Legislative_Exchange_Council" title="American Legislative Exchange Council">American Legislative Exchange Council</a> (ALEC) awarded Jindal the Thomas Jefferson Freedom Award for "outstanding public service".<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> On October 25, 2011, in preparing for his second term, Jindal tapped Republican state representative Chuck Kleckley of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Charles,_Louisiana" title="Lake Charles, Louisiana">Lake Charles</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> and State Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Alario" title="John Alario">John Alario</a> of <a href="/wiki/Westwego,_Louisiana" title="Westwego, Louisiana">Westwego</a> as his choices for <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Louisiana_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the Louisiana House of Representatives">Speaker of the Louisiana House of Representatives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Legislature" title="Louisiana State Legislature">Louisiana Senate President</a>, respectively. Both were confirmed by legislators. Alario is a long-term Democrat who switched parties prior to the 2011 elections.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In January 2012, Jindal elevated <a href="/wiki/John_White_(Louisiana_politician)" title="John White (Louisiana politician)">John C. White</a>, the short-term superintendent at the Recovery School District in New Orleans, to the position of state superintendent of education.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> In August 2012, Jindal declared a statewide <a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">state of emergency</a> due to the threat of subsidence and subsurface instability that threatens the lives and property of the citizens of the state.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> By the end of Jindal's second term, he saw a marked drop in his state popularity and problems such as a budget deficit and cuts to public expenditure.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> He could not stand for a third term because the governor of Louisiana is subject to term limits.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tax_system_proposals">Tax system proposals</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Tax system proposals">edit</a>]</div> In January 2013, Jindal released a plan that would eliminate the Louisiana <a href="/wiki/State_income_tax" title="State income tax">state income tax</a>, which he felt would expand business investment in the state, and then raise <a href="/wiki/Sales_taxes" class="mw-redirect" title="Sales taxes">sales taxes</a> in order to keep the plan revenue-neutral.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Self-styled taxpayer watchdog and former legislative aide C.B. Forgotston correctly predicted that Jindal's plan would fail to clear the legislature because of the higher sales taxes, the lack of needed support from Democrats, and the likelihood that the plan would not increase overall state revenues.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> On April 8, 2013, the first day of the legislative session, Jindal dropped the plan after acknowledging some negative response to the plan from legislators and the public, but said he would still like the legislature to formulate its own plan that could end the state income tax.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Energy_plan">Energy plan</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Energy plan">edit</a>]</div> Jindal announced, in September 2014, a six-point energy platform that would, among other things, open up energy production on federal land and eliminated proposed carbon restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retirement_from_politics_(2016–present)">Retirement from politics (2016–present)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Retirement from politics (2016–present)">edit</a>]</div> In 2017, Jindal took a position as an operating adviser for <a href="/wiki/Ares_Management" title="Ares Management">Ares Management</a>, a global investment firm based in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_politics">National politics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: National politics">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Speculation_about_2008_vice_presidential_nomination">Speculation about 2008 vice presidential nomination</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Speculation about 2008 vice presidential nomination">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BobbyJindalKennerMcCain2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BobbyJindalKennerMcCain2008.jpg/200px-BobbyJindalKennerMcCain2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BobbyJindalKennerMcCain2008.jpg/300px-BobbyJindalKennerMcCain2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BobbyJindalKennerMcCain2008.jpg/400px-BobbyJindalKennerMcCain2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3471" data-file-height="2311" /></a><figcaption>Jindal in June 2008, at a <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> campaign event in <a href="/wiki/Kenner,_Louisiana" title="Kenner, Louisiana">Kenner</a>, Louisiana</figcaption></figure> On February 8, 2008, conservative radio host <a href="/wiki/Rush_Limbaugh" title="Rush Limbaugh">Rush Limbaugh</a> mentioned on his syndicated show that Jindal could be a possible choice for the Republican <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">vice presidential</a> nomination in 2008. He said that Jindal might be perceived as an asset to <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a>'s campaign because he has wide support in the conservative and moderate wings of the Republican Party. If McCain had won the presidency, he would have been the oldest president ever inaugurated to a first term.<a href="#cite_note-WashingtonTimes_Curl_20080212-86">[86]</a> Heightening the speculation, McCain invited Jindal, Governor <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Crist" title="Charlie Crist">Charlie Crist</a> of <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, Governor <a href="/wiki/Tim_Pawlenty" title="Tim Pawlenty">Tim Pawlenty</a> of <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> and his former rivals <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Mike Huckabee</a> to meet at his home in <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> on May 23, 2008, according to a Republican familiar with the decision; Romney, Huckabee, and Pawlenty, all of whom were already well acquainted with McCain, declined because of prior commitments.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Nagourney_20080521-87">[87]</a> The meeting may have served a different purpose, such as consideration of Jindal for the opportunity to speak at the <a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">2008 Republican National Convention</a>, in a similar fashion to <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> at the <a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2004 Democratic National Convention">2004 Democratic National Convention</a>, cementing a place for him in the party and opening the gate for a future run for the presidency.<a href="#cite_note-Dvorak_20080522-88">[88]</a> Speculation was fueled by simultaneous July 21, 2008, reports that McCain was making a sudden visit to Louisiana to confer again with Jindal and that McCain was readying to name his running mate within a week. However, on July 23, 2008, Jindal said that he would not be the Republican vice presidential nominee in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-foxnews_20080723-89">[89]</a> Jindal added that he "never talked to the senator [McCain] about the vice presidency or his thoughts on selecting the vice president."<a href="#cite_note-foxnews_20080723-89">[89]</a> Ultimately, on August 29, 2008, McCain chose then-<a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Alaska">Gov.</a> <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Sarah Palin</a> of <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> as his running mate. While Jindal was given a prime-time speech slot at the party convention, he was not offered the <a href="/wiki/Keynote_speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Keynote speech">keynote speech</a>. During the presidential campaign, Jindal expressed admiration for both Senators McCain and Obama, and maintained that both have made positive contributions to the nation.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Republican_response_to_President_Obama's_address_to_Congress">Republican response to President Obama's address to Congress</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Republican response to President Obama's address to Congress">edit</a>]</div> On February 24, 2009, Jindal delivered the official Republican response to President Obama's <a href="/wiki/February_2009_Barack_Obama_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="February 2009 Barack Obama speech to a joint session of Congress">address to a joint session of Congress</a>. Jindal called the president's economic stimulus plan "irresponsible" and argued against government intervention.<a href="#cite_note-bjspeech-91">[91]</a> He used <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a> to warn against government solutions to the economic crisis. "Today in Washington, some are promising that government will rescue us from the economic storms raging all around us," Jindal said. "Those of us who lived through Hurricane Katrina, we have our doubts." He praised the late sheriff <a href="/wiki/Harry_Lee_(sheriff)" title="Harry Lee (sheriff)">Harry Lee</a> for standing up to the government during Katrina.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Transcript_20090224-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnnvolc0225-93">[93]</a> The speech met with biting reviews from some members of both the Democratic and the Republican parties. Referring to Jindal as "devoid of substantive ideas for governing the country", political commentator <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Maddow" title="Rachel Maddow">Rachel Maddow</a> summarized Jindal's Katrina remark as follows: "[Jindal states that] since government failed during Hurricane Katrina, we should understand, not that government should not be allowed to fail again, but that government...never works. That government can't work, and therefore we should stop seeking a functioning government."<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> David Johnson, a Republican political strategist criticized Jindal's mention of Hurricane Katrina, stating "The one thing Republicans want to forget is Katrina."<a href="#cite_note-Fouhy-95">[95]</a> While Jindal's speech was poorly received by several Democratic and Republican critics, others argued that the speech should be judged on substance rather than delivery style.<a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_L.P._Brzybyla_20090225-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnn0225-97">[97]</a> Jindal's story of meeting Lee in the immediate aftermath of Hurricane Katrina was questioned following the speech, as Jindal was not in New Orleans at the time.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> On February 27, 2009, a spokesman for Jindal clarified the timing of the meeting, stating that the story took place days after the storm.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> The opportunity to give the response to President Obama's speech was compared by some commentators to winning "second prize in a beauty contest", a reference to the board game <a href="/wiki/Monopoly_(game)" title="Monopoly (game)">Monopoly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2012_presidential_election">2012 presidential election</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: 2012 presidential election">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_speaking_at_the_2011_Values_Voter_Summit_in_Washington,_D.C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_speaking_at_the_2011_Values_Voter_Summit_in_Washington%2C_D.C.jpg/220px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_speaking_at_the_2011_Values_Voter_Summit_in_Washington%2C_D.C.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_speaking_at_the_2011_Values_Voter_Summit_in_Washington%2C_D.C.jpg/330px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_speaking_at_the_2011_Values_Voter_Summit_in_Washington%2C_D.C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_speaking_at_the_2011_Values_Voter_Summit_in_Washington%2C_D.C.jpg/440px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_speaking_at_the_2011_Values_Voter_Summit_in_Washington%2C_D.C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4650" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>Governor Jindal speaking at the 2011 Values Voter Summit in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></figcaption></figure> Jindal had been mentioned as a potential candidate for the <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012 presidential election</a>. On December 10, 2008, Jindal indicated that he would likely not run for president in 2012, saying he will focus on his <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_gubernatorial_election,_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana gubernatorial election, 2011">re-election in 2011</a> and that this would make transitioning to a national campaign difficult, though he did not rule out a possible 2012 presidential bid.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Speculation increased when Republicans chose Jindal to deliver the response to President Obama's first address to a joint session of Congress.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Baltimore_20090219-102">[102]</a> The Jindal for President Draft Council Inc. <a href="/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">PAC</a> was formed in 2009 to raise funds for a future presidential run. Jindal has stated that he has no involvement with the PAC.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In April 2010, while speaking at the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Republican_Leadership_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Republican Leadership Conference">Southern Republican Leadership Conference</a>, Jindal ruled out running for the Republican nomination for president in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> In <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 2012">2012</a>, Jindal traveled across the country in support of the <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a>-<a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Paul Ryan</a> ticket. Because Louisiana and other <a href="/wiki/Deep_South" title="Deep South">Deep South</a> states voted heavily for the GOP, Jindal could hence devote his campaign time elsewhere. In August 2012, <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a> reported that "Bobby Jindal would be considered [for] and would likely take" appointment as <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">United States Secretary of Health and Human Services</a> in a potential <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Cabinet">cabinet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> After the defeat of Romney-Ryan, Jindal called for his party to return to "the basics... If we want people to like us, we have to like them first," he said on the interview program <a href="/wiki/Fox_News_Sunday" title="Fox News Sunday">Fox News Sunday</a>.<a href="#cite_note-gopleader-105">[105]</a> As the incoming president of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Governors_Association" title="Republican Governors Association">Republican Governors Association</a>, which had thirty members in 2013, Jindal questioned Romney for having criticized President Obama as having provided "extraordinary financial gifts from the government".<a href="#cite_note-gopleader-105">[105]</a> In reply to Romney, Jindal said, "You don't start to like people by insulting them and saying their votes were bought."<a href="#cite_note-gopleader-105">[105]</a> Jindal said that his party must convince a majority of voters that it supports the middle class and the principle of <a href="/wiki/Upward_mobility" class="mw-redirect" title="Upward mobility">upward mobility</a>. He also criticized what he termed "stupid" remarks regarding rape and conception made in 2012 by defeated Republican U.S. Senate nominees <a href="/wiki/Todd_Akin" title="Todd Akin">Todd Akin</a> in <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Mourdock" title="Richard Mourdock">Richard Mourdock</a> in <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>.<a href="#cite_note-gopleader-105">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2016_presidential_candidacy">2016 presidential candidacy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: 2016 presidential candidacy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jindal_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Bobby Jindal 2016 presidential campaign">Bobby Jindal 2016 presidential campaign</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_2015_Southern_Republican_Leadership_Conference,_Oklahoma_City,_OK.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_2015_Southern_Republican_Leadership_Conference%2C_Oklahoma_City%2C_OK.jpg/220px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_2015_Southern_Republican_Leadership_Conference%2C_Oklahoma_City%2C_OK.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_2015_Southern_Republican_Leadership_Conference%2C_Oklahoma_City%2C_OK.jpg/330px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_2015_Southern_Republican_Leadership_Conference%2C_Oklahoma_City%2C_OK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_2015_Southern_Republican_Leadership_Conference%2C_Oklahoma_City%2C_OK.jpg/440px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_2015_Southern_Republican_Leadership_Conference%2C_Oklahoma_City%2C_OK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5440" data-file-height="3708" /></a><figcaption>Governor Jindal at 2015 Southern Republican Leadership Conference, <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City,_OK" class="mw-redirect" title="Oklahoma City, OK">Oklahoma City, OK</a></figcaption></figure> In November 2012, after the election, Jindal was featured in a <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> magazine article titled "2016: Let's Get The Party Started", where he was listed as a possible Republican candidate for the presidency in 2016. The article cited his fiscal and social conservative policies and his Indian American background, which would bring diversity to the GOP.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> In 2013, with polls showing Jindal's approval ratings in Louisiana falling significantly,<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> some analysts wrote off Jindal as a serious national contender,<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> though others pointed to Romney as an example of someone who still won the Presidential nomination despite poor approval ratings from his home state.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> In October 2013, Jindal told <a href="/wiki/Fox_News_Sunday" title="Fox News Sunday">Fox News Sunday</a> that he was still mulling a 2016 presidential run.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> On May 18, 2015, Jindal formed a presidential exploratory committee to determine whether he would run as a candidate in the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 presidential election</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Hunt-111">[111]</a> and he announced his candidacy on June 24.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> As of early September, Jindal was polling at 1 percent among the Republican primary electorate.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> On November 17, 2015, Jindal appeared on <a href="/wiki/Special_Report_with_Bret_Baier" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Report with Bret Baier">Special Report with Bret Baier</a> on the Fox News Channel, announcing that he was ending his run for president, saying "I've come to the realization that this is not my time."<a href="#cite_note-tomlobiancoandjeffzeleny-7">[7]</a> During his campaign, Jindal called <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> a "narcissist" and an "egomaniacal madman", but afterward said that he would support Trump because "electing Donald Trump would be the second-worst thing we could do this November, better only than electing Hillary Clinton to serve as the third term for the Obama administration's radical policies."<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> After the 2016 election, Jindal would go to support his campaign and presidency despite past critiques. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Political positions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bobby_Jindal_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bobby_Jindal_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg/220px-Bobby_Jindal_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bobby_Jindal_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg/330px-Bobby_Jindal_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bobby_Jindal_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg/440px-Bobby_Jindal_by_Gage_Skidmore_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Bobby Jindal speaking at the 2015 <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Political_Action_Conference" title="Conservative Political Action Conference">Conservative Political Action Conference</a> (CPAC) in National Harbor, Maryland on February 26, 2015</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abortion_and_stem_cell_research">Abortion and stem cell research</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Abortion and stem cell research">edit</a>]</div> Jindal has a 100% <a href="/wiki/Pro-life" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-life">pro-life</a> voting record according to the <a href="/wiki/National_Right_to_Life_Committee" title="National Right to Life Committee">National Right to Life Committee</a>.<a href="#cite_note-OntheIssues_20080916-115">[115]</a> He opposes <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a> in general, but does not condemn medical procedures aimed at saving the life of the mother that indirectly result in the loss of the unborn child, such as <a href="/wiki/Salpingectomy" title="Salpingectomy">salpingectomy</a> for an ectopic pregnancy.<a href="#cite_note-Advocate_Sentell_2003111-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-CapitolWatch_Hill_20031112-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> In 2003, Jindal stated that he did not object to the use of <a href="/wiki/Emergency_contraception" title="Emergency contraception">emergency contraception</a> in the case of <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rape</a> if the victim requests it.<a href="#cite_note-CapitolWatch_Hill_20031112-117">[117]</a> While in the House of Representatives, he supported two bills to prohibit transporting minors across state lines to obtain an abortion; the bills aimed to prevent doctors and others from helping a minor avoid parental notification laws in their home state by procuring an abortion in another state.<a href="#cite_note-OntheIssues_20080916-115">[115]</a> He opposed and voted against expanding public funding of <a href="/wiki/Embryonic_stem_cell_research" class="mw-redirect" title="Embryonic stem cell research">embryonic stem cell research</a>.<a href="#cite_note-OntheIssues_20080916-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-TimesPicayne_Alpert_20080521-121">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Same-sex_marriage">Same-sex marriage</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Same-sex marriage">edit</a>]</div> Jindal opposed the legalization of both <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Civil_union" title="Civil union">civil unions</a>. In Congress, he voted for the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Marriage_Amendment" title="Federal Marriage Amendment">Federal Marriage Amendment</a> to restrict marriage to a union between one man and one woman. He also voted against the <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Shepard_and_James_Byrd,_Jr._Hate_Crimes_Prevention_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act">Local Law Enforcement Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2007</a>.<a href="#cite_note-OnTheIssues_CivilRights-122">[122]</a> In December 2008, Jindal announced the formation of the Louisiana Commission on Marriage and Family.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> Following the 2013 Supreme Court's rulings on <a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Windsor" title="United States v. Windsor">DOMA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hollingsworth_v._Perry" title="Hollingsworth v. Perry">Proposition 8</a>, he said: "I believe every child deserves a mom and a dad. This opinion leaves the matter of marriage to the states where people can decide. In Louisiana, we will opt for traditional marriage. How about we let the people decide for themselves, via their representatives and via referendum?"<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Marriage_and_Conscience_Act">Marriage and Conscience Act</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Marriage and Conscience Act">edit</a>]</div> In May 2015, the legislature killed the measure. Four Republican members, <a href="/wiki/Mike_%22Pete%22_Huval" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike "Pete" Huval">Pete Huval</a> of <a href="/wiki/Breaux_Bridge,_Louisiana" title="Breaux Bridge, Louisiana">Breaux Bridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregory_A._Miller" title="Gregory A. Miller">Gregory A. Miller</a> of <a href="/wiki/Norco,_Louisiana" title="Norco, Louisiana">Norco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clay_Schexnayder" title="Clay Schexnayder">Clay Schexnayder</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gonzales,_Louisiana" title="Gonzales, Louisiana">Gonzales</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Landry" title="Nancy Landry">Nancy Landry</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Louisiana" title="Lafayette, Louisiana">Lafayette</a>, joined Democrats in killing the bill. Jindal responded by issuing <a href="/wiki/Executive_order_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive order (United States)">Executive Order</a> BJ-2015-8, (the "Marriage and Conscience Order"), which attempted to achieve the goals of the failed legislation.<a href="#cite_note-Epps-125">[125]</a> Johnson said he intended to re-introduce the measure in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt-127">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_ethics">Government ethics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Government ethics">edit</a>]</div> He vetoed state legislation to increase pay for state legislators.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-ontheissues.org-129">[129]</a> However, the Louisiana governor's office was ranked last for transparency in the United States both prior, and subsequent, to Jindal's election, as reported by the WDSU I-Team. At least two legislators, state representatives <a href="/wiki/Walker_Hines_(Louisiana_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Walker Hines (Louisiana politician)">Walker Hines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neil_Abramson_(politician)" title="Neil Abramson (politician)">Neil Abramson</a>, argued that this may be attributed to legislation that removed the governor's records from the public domain; they argued that the legislation was surreptitiously inserted as a last-minute amendment into an education bill by Jindal's office on the last day of the 2008 session, providing no time to properly review it before it passed the legislature and was signed into law by Jindal.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gun_rights_and_gun_control">Gun rights and gun control</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Gun rights and gun control">edit</a>]</div> Jindal is a fervent supporter of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Second Amendment to the United States Constitution">Second Amendment</a> and generally opposes gun control. He has been endorsed by the <a href="/wiki/NRA_Political_Victory_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="NRA Political Victory Fund">NRA Political Victory Fund</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> and received an A rating from <a href="/wiki/Gun_Owners_of_America" title="Gun Owners of America">Gun Owners of America</a> while he was in Congress.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> As a Congressman, he sponsored the <a href="/wiki/Disaster_Recovery_Personal_Protection_Act_of_2006" title="Disaster Recovery Personal Protection Act of 2006">Disaster Recovery Personal Protection Act of 2006</a> with <a href="/wiki/Senator_Vitter" class="mw-redirect" title="Senator Vitter">Senator Vitter</a>. In July 2015, during an interview with CBS, Jindal stated that he supported stricter background checks, and that every state should begin to enact tougher background checks on gun buyers.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tax_policy">Tax policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Tax policy">edit</a>]</div> As a private citizen, Jindal voted in 2002 for the Louisiana constitutional amendment known as the Stelly Plan<a href="#cite_note-Weekly_Tidmore_20040524-137">[137]</a> which lowered some <a href="/wiki/Sales_tax" title="Sales tax">sales taxes</a> in exchange for higher <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">income taxes</a>. After taking office, Jindal cut taxes a total of six times, including the largest income tax cut in Louisiana's history – a cut of $1.1 billion over five years, along with accelerating the elimination of the tax on business investments.<a href="#cite_note-WAFB_Moses_20080618-138">[138]</a> In January 2013, Jindal said he wanted to eliminate all Louisiana corporate and personal income taxes, without giving details for his proposal.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> As U.S. Representative from Louisiana, Jindal received grades of B in 2005, B− in 2006, and C in 2007 from the <a href="/wiki/National_Taxpayers_Union" title="National Taxpayers Union">National Taxpayers Union</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> <a href="/wiki/Taxpayer_groups" title="Taxpayer groups">taxpayers advocacy organization</a>.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> As Governor of Louisiana, Jindal received grades of A in 2010,<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> B in 2012,<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> and B in 2014<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Cato_Institute" title="Cato Institute">Cato Institute</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Libertarianism_in_the_United_States" title="Libertarianism in the United States">libertarian</a> think tank, in their biennial Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> In 2008, Jindal came out in favour of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Core_State_Standards_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Core State Standards Initiative">Common Core State Standards Initiative</a>,<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> which Louisiana adopted in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> In 2014, Jindal wrote that "It has become fashionable in the news media to believe there is a right-wing conspiracy against Common Core."<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> Jindal proposed budgets that impose cuts on higher education funding in Louisiana, leading to protests from students and education advocates.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> Jindal proposed several controversial education reforms, including vouchers for low income students in public schools to attend private institutions using <a href="/wiki/Minimum_Foundation_Program" title="Minimum Foundation Program">Minimum Foundation Program</a> funds.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> The legislation also included controversial changes in teacher evaluations, tenure and pensions. Hundreds of teachers, administrators and public education supporters protested against the legislation at the capital of Louisiana,<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> some of whom cancelled classes to attend demonstrations. Many participants circulated petitions to recall Jindal and Republican House Speaker Chuck Kleckley.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> In April 2012, a Louisiana Public Broadcasting program examined possible conflicts between aspects of the Jindal education reform plan and the federal desegregation orders still in place in many parts of Louisiana.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Evolution">Evolution</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Evolution">edit</a>]</div> Jindal signed a law that permitted teachers at <a href="/wiki/Public_school_(government_funded)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public school (government funded)">public schools</a> to supplement standard evolutionary curricula with analysis and critiques that may include <a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design" title="Intelligent design">intelligent design</a>.<a href="#cite_note-second-155">[155]</a> The law provides that "[c]lassroom instruction and materials shall not promote any religious doctrine", but Louisiana <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union" title="American Civil Liberties Union">ACLU</a> Director Marjorie Esman said that that provision "is vague at best",<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> and stated that the Act is "susceptible to a constitutional challenge."<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> Despite calls for a <a href="/wiki/Veto" title="Veto">veto</a> from <a href="/wiki/John_Derbyshire" title="John Derbyshire">John Derbyshire</a> and some genetics professors at <a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a>,<a href="#cite_note-TimesPicayune_Barrow_20080626-158">[158]</a> Jindal signed the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Academic_Freedom_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Academic Freedom Act">Louisiana Academic Freedom Act</a> which passed the voting in the State House and the State Senate in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Society_for_Integrative_and_Comparative_Biology" title="Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology">Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology</a> rejected New Orleans as a site for their 2010 meeting and the <a href="/wiki/American_Society_for_Biochemistry_and_Molecular_Biology" title="American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology">American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</a> will not conduct future meetings in Louisiana.<a href="#cite_note-SICB1-160">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASBMB-161">[161]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_liberties">Civil liberties</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Civil liberties">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bobby_Jindal_Camp_Beauregard_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bobby_Jindal_Camp_Beauregard_3.jpg/200px-Bobby_Jindal_Camp_Beauregard_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bobby_Jindal_Camp_Beauregard_3.jpg/300px-Bobby_Jindal_Camp_Beauregard_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bobby_Jindal_Camp_Beauregard_3.jpg/400px-Bobby_Jindal_Camp_Beauregard_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Gov. Bobby Jindal signs a Five-Star Statement of Support for Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Beauregard" class="mw-redirect" title="Camp Beauregard">Camp Beauregard</a> on October 14, 2008. The document signing was an opportunity to join employers from across the country in supporting Soldiers</figcaption></figure> Jindal voted to extend the <a href="/wiki/Patriot_Act" title="Patriot Act">Patriot Act</a>, voted in favor of the <a href="/wiki/Military_Commissions_Act_of_2006" title="Military Commissions Act of 2006">Military Commissions Act of 2006</a>, supported a <a href="/wiki/Flag_Desecration_Amendment" title="Flag Desecration Amendment">constitutional amendment</a> banning <a href="/wiki/Flag_burning" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag burning">flag burning</a>,<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> and voted for the <a href="/wiki/Real_ID_Act" title="Real ID Act">Real ID Act</a> of 2005.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration_laws">Immigration laws</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Immigration laws">edit</a>]</div> He criticized <a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration" title="Illegal immigration">illegal immigration</a> as a drain on the economy, as well as being unfair to those who entered the country by legal means. He voted to build a fence along the Mexican border and opposed granting amnesty for illegal immigrants.<a href="#cite_note-ontheissues.org-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Health care">edit</a>]</div> Jindal refused to accept federal funds to expand Medicaid after the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act" title="Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a>, costing his state $1.65 billion in federal health-care assistance for the poor.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> He supported increased health insurance portability; laws promoting coverage of pre-existing medical conditions; a cap on malpractice lawsuits; an easing of restrictions on importation of prescription medications; the implementation of a streamlined <a href="/wiki/Electronic_medical_records" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic medical records">electronic medical records</a> system; an emphasis on preventative care rather than emergency room care; and tax benefits aimed at making health insurance more affordable for the uninsured and targeted to promote universal access. During Jindal tenure, over 11,000 uninsured children were added to the State's <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Health_Insurance_Program" title="Children's Health Insurance Program">Children's Health Insurance Program</a>. He also opposed a federal government-run, single-payer system, but supported state efforts to reduce the uninsured population.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> He has also supported expanding services for <a href="/wiki/Autistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Autistic">autistic</a> children, and promoted a national childhood cancer database.<a href="#cite_note-ontheissues.org-129">[129]</a> Due to a congressional reduction in federal Medicaid financing rates, the Jindal administration chose to levy the largest slice of cuts on the network of <a href="/wiki/LSU" class="mw-redirect" title="LSU">LSU</a> charity hospitals and clinics, requiring some facilities to close.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environmental_issues_and_offshore_drilling">Environmental issues and offshore drilling</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Environmental issues and offshore drilling">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Krotz-Springs-Jindal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Krotz-Springs-Jindal.jpg/200px-Krotz-Springs-Jindal.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Krotz-Springs-Jindal.jpg/300px-Krotz-Springs-Jindal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Krotz-Springs-Jindal.jpg/400px-Krotz-Springs-Jindal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Jindal talks to residents of <a href="/wiki/Krotz_Springs,_Louisiana" title="Krotz Springs, Louisiana">Krotz Springs, Louisiana</a>, during the 2011 flooding of the Mississippi River</figcaption></figure> Jindal issued an executive order increasing office recycling programs, reducing solid waste and promoting paperless practices, offering tax credit for hybrid fuel vehicles, increasing average fuel economy goals by 2010, as well as increasing energy efficiency goals and standards for the state.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> He has stated his opposition to and voted for the criminalization of oil cartels such as <a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a>. As a representative in the House, he supported a $300-million bill to fund Louisiana coastal restoration. In addition, he was the chief sponsor of successful legislation to expand the <a href="/wiki/Jean_Lafitte_National_Historical_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Lafitte National Historical Park">Jean Lafitte National Historical Park</a> by over 3,000 acres (12 km2).<a href="#cite_note-ontheissues.org-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> Jindal signed bill SB 469 that would limit actions aimed at oil and gas companies operating along the coast.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> Jindal pledged state support for the development of economically friendly cars in northeastern Louisiana in conjunction with alternative energy advocate <a href="/wiki/T._Boone_Pickens" title="T. Boone Pickens">T. Boone Pickens</a>.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> In September 2014, Jindal stated that <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a> was more about increasing government regulation, and released an energy plan that was critical of the Obama Administration's policies.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earmarks">Earmarks</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Earmarks">edit</a>]</div> In 2007, Jindal led the Louisiana House delegation and ranked 14th among House members in requested <a href="/wiki/Earmark_(politics)" title="Earmark (politics)">earmark</a> funding at nearly $97 million (however in over 99% of these requests, Jindal was a co-sponsor and not the primary initiator of the earmark legislation).<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> $5 million of Jindal's earmark requests were for state defense and indigent healthcare related expenditures, another $50 million was for increasing the safety of Louisiana's waterways and levees after breaches following <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a>, and the remainder was targeted towards coastal restoration and alternative energy research.<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> As governor, in 2008, Jindal used his <a href="/wiki/Line_item_veto" class="mw-redirect" title="Line item veto">line item veto</a> to strike $16 million in earmarks from the state budget but declined to veto $30 million in legislator-added spending. Jindal vetoed over 250 earmarks in the 2008 state budget, twice the total number of such vetoes by previous governors in the preceding 12 years.<a href="#cite_note-TimesPicayune_Moller_20080715-180">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition_to_Recovery_Act">Opposition to Recovery Act</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Opposition to Recovery Act">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_the_2015_Defending_the_American_Dream_Summit_at_the_Greater_Columbus_Convention_Center_in_Ohio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_the_2015_Defending_the_American_Dream_Summit_at_the_Greater_Columbus_Convention_Center_in_Ohio.jpg/220px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_the_2015_Defending_the_American_Dream_Summit_at_the_Greater_Columbus_Convention_Center_in_Ohio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_the_2015_Defending_the_American_Dream_Summit_at_the_Greater_Columbus_Convention_Center_in_Ohio.jpg/330px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_the_2015_Defending_the_American_Dream_Summit_at_the_Greater_Columbus_Convention_Center_in_Ohio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_the_2015_Defending_the_American_Dream_Summit_at_the_Greater_Columbus_Convention_Center_in_Ohio.jpg/440px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_at_the_2015_Defending_the_American_Dream_Summit_at_the_Greater_Columbus_Convention_Center_in_Ohio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5370" data-file-height="3490" /></a><figcaption>Governor Jindal at the 2015 Defending the American Dream Summit</figcaption></figure> Jindal has been an opponent of the <a href="/wiki/American_Recovery_and_Reinvestment_Act_of_2009" title="American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009">American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009</a>. Citing concerns that the augmentation of <a href="/wiki/Unemployment_insurance" class="mw-redirect" title="Unemployment insurance">unemployment insurance</a> may obligate the state to raise taxes on businesses, Jindal had indicated his intention to forgo federal stimulus plan funds ($98 million) aimed at increasing unemployment insurance for Louisiana.<a href="#cite_note-Newser_20090220-181">[181]</a> Louisiana has since been obligated to raise taxes on businesses because the unemployment trust fund had dropped below the prescribed threshold.<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> Louisiana was set to receive about $3.8 billion overall. Jindal intended to accept at least $2.4 billion from the stimulus package.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> He called parts of the plan "irresponsible", saying that "the way to lead is not to raise taxes and put more money and power in hands of Washington politicians."<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="No-go_zones">No-go zones</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: No-go zones">edit</a>]</div> In 2015, Jindal traveled to the UK to speak at an event by the neoconservative <a href="/wiki/Henry_Jackson_Society" title="Henry Jackson Society">Henry Jackson Society</a>.<a href="#cite_note-salon-185">[185]</a> In that speech, he alleged the existence of "<a href="/wiki/No-go_area" title="No-go area">no-go zones</a>", allegedly established by Muslims in London and other western cities. London mayor <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> called Jindal's remarks "complete nonsense".<a href="#cite_note-salon-185">[185]</a> and earlier British Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> had confirmed that there were not any no-go zones in the UK. Jindal later confirmed his meaning "I knew that by speaking the truth we were going to make people upset."<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphNogo-186">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-csmap-187">[187]</a> When later asked by <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> to provide specific examples, Jindal declined.<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphNogo-186">[186]</a> He later added that some Muslim immigrants are trying to "colonize" cities in Europe and "overtake the culture", and that it could happen next in the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-Diamond-188">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kharel-189">[189]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Personal life">edit</a>]</div> Jindal was raised in a <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu</a> household. He is of Indian descent and is a U.S. citizen by <a href="/wiki/Birthright_citizenship_in_the_United_States" title="Birthright citizenship in the United States">birthright</a>. He converted to <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> while in <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge_Magnet_High_School" title="Baton Rouge Magnet High School">Baton Rouge Magnet High School</a>. During his first year at <a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a>, he was baptized into the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> as an adult under the <a href="/wiki/Rite_of_Christian_Initiation_of_Adults" class="mw-redirect" title="Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults">Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults</a> (RCIA).<a href="#cite_note-WashingtonPost_Whoriskey_20071021-50">[50]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JindalsBushShakeApril2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/JindalsBushShakeApril2008.jpg/220px-JindalsBushShakeApril2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/JindalsBushShakeApril2008.jpg/330px-JindalsBushShakeApril2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/JindalsBushShakeApril2008.jpg/440px-JindalsBushShakeApril2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="570" /></a><figcaption>Bobby and Supriya Jolly Jindal meet with then-President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>.</figcaption></figure> Before Jindal was born, his father Amar Jindal was assistant professor of engineering at Punjab University in Chandigarh. After settling into Louisiana, Jindal's father went on to work with a Louisiana railroad company, and his mother transitioned into Information Technology (IT). As of 2008, Jindal's mother, Raj Jindal,<a href="#cite_note-tribuneindia.com-11">[11]</a> was <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a> director for the Louisiana Workforce Commission (formerly the Louisiana Department of Labor) and served as Assistant Secretary to former State Labor Secretary Garey Forster during the administration of Governor <a href="/wiki/Mike_Foster_(American_politician)" title="Mike Foster (American politician)">Mike Foster</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2theadvocate_Millhollon_200-190">[190]</a> Jindal has a younger brother, Nikesh, who is a registered Republican and supported his brother's campaign for governor.<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> Nikesh went to <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College" title="Dartmouth College">Dartmouth College</a>, where he graduated with honors, and then <a href="/wiki/Yale_Law_School" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a>. Nikesh is now a <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">lawyer</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a><a href="#cite_note-esquire.com-12">[12]</a> Jindal's <a href="/wiki/Nickname" title="Nickname">nickname</a> dates to his childhood identification with <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Brady" class="mw-redirect" title="Bobby Brady">Bobby Brady</a>, a character from the 1970's sitcom <a href="/wiki/The_Brady_Bunch" title="The Brady Bunch">The Brady Bunch</a>.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> He has been known by his nickname ever since, although his legal name remains Piyush Jindal.<a href="#cite_note-Rediff_Haniffa_20031116-193">[193]</a> In 1997, Jindal married Supriya Jolly, who was born in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi, India</a> and moved to Baton Rouge when she was 4 years old.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> The two attended the same high school, but Supriya's family moved from Baton Rouge to New Orleans after her freshman year. Supriya Jindal earned a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering and an M.B.A. degree from <a href="/wiki/Tulane_University" title="Tulane University">Tulane University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> She created The Supriya Jindal Foundation for Louisiana's Children, a non-profit organization aimed at improving math and science education in grade schools.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> They have three children: Selia Elizabeth, Shaan Robert, and Slade Ryan. Shaan was born with a <a href="/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect" title="Congenital heart defect">congenital heart defect</a> and had surgery as an infant. The Jindals have been outspoken advocates for children with congenital defects, particularly those without insurance. In 2006, he assisted as his wife delivered their third child at home, with him receiving medical coaching by phone to deliver their boy.<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> Jindal enjoys hunting in Louisiana.<a href="#cite_note-GowenBridges2015-10">[10]</a> Bobby Jindal has endorsed <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign">presidential campaign</a> for 2024.<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Writings">Writings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Writings">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_and_local_officials_discuss_the_operations_in_response_to_the_2010_Gulf_of_Mexico_oil_spill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_and_local_officials_discuss_the_operations_in_response_to_the_2010_Gulf_of_Mexico_oil_spill.jpg/235px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_and_local_officials_discuss_the_operations_in_response_to_the_2010_Gulf_of_Mexico_oil_spill.jpg" decoding="async" width="235" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_and_local_officials_discuss_the_operations_in_response_to_the_2010_Gulf_of_Mexico_oil_spill.jpg/353px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_and_local_officials_discuss_the_operations_in_response_to_the_2010_Gulf_of_Mexico_oil_spill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_and_local_officials_discuss_the_operations_in_response_to_the_2010_Gulf_of_Mexico_oil_spill.jpg/470px-U.S._Governor_of_Louisiana_Bobby_Jindal_and_local_officials_discuss_the_operations_in_response_to_the_2010_Gulf_of_Mexico_oil_spill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1144" /></a><figcaption>Governor Jindal and local officials discuss the operations in response to the <a href="/wiki/Deepwater_Horizon_oil_spill" title="Deepwater Horizon oil spill">2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill</a></figcaption></figure> A list of Jindal's published writings up to 2001 can be found in the hearing report for his 2001 U.S. Senate confirmation.<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> They include newspaper columns, law review articles, and first authorships in several scientific and policy articles that have appeared in the prominent <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Medical_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Journal of the American Medical Association">Journal of the American Medical Association</a>, Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Association, and Hospital Outlook.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Jindal's pre-2001 writings include several articles in the <a href="/wiki/New_Oxford_Review" title="New Oxford Review">New Oxford Review</a>, one of which later made news during his 2003 gubernatorial race.<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> In a 1994 article titled "Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare", Jindal described the events leading up to an apparent exorcism of a friend and how he felt unable to help her at the time. However, Jindal questioned whether what he saw was actually an example of "spiritual warfare".<a href="#cite_note-demon-201">[201]</a> In November 2010, Jindal published the book Leadership and Crisis, a semi-autobiography significantly influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Deepwater_Horizon_explosion" title="Deepwater Horizon explosion">Deepwater Horizon explosion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deepwater_Horizon_oil_spill" title="Deepwater Horizon oil spill">oil spill</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_Americans_and_Pacific_Islands_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Asian Americans and Pacific Islands Americans in the United States Congress">List of Asian Americans and Pacific Islands Americans in the United States Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minority_governors_and_lieutenant_governors_in_the_United_States" title="List of minority governors and lieutenant governors in the United States">List of minority governors and lieutenant governors in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_presidential_candidates,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party presidential candidates, 2016">Republican Party presidential candidates, 2016</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nola-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nola_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nola_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output 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Bobby Jindal releases his birth certificate"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Times-Picayune" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans Times-Picayune">New Orleans Times-Picayune</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2011/05/gov_bobby_jindal_releases_his.html">the original</a> on May 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Orleans+Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=Gov.+Bobby+Jindal+releases+his+birth+certificate&rft.date=2011-05-06&rft.au=JonathanTilove&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fpolitics%2Findex.ssf%2F2011%2F05%2Fgov_bobby_jindal_releases_his.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamby2013" class="citation news cs1">Hamby, Peter (November 22, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/21/politics/christie-rga-chairman/index.html">"How Chris Christie took over the Republican Governors Association"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. 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Retrieved March 24, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Orleans+Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=1st+Indian-American+governor+in+U.S.+vows+%27fresh+start%27+for+La&rft.date=2007-10-21&rft.au=Jan+Moller&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Felections%2Findex.ssf%2F2007%2F10%2F1st_indianamerican_governor_in.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhao2009" class="citation book cs1">Zhao, Xiaojian (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SQPRCA9S9WAC&q=Fourth+Asian+American+governor+jindal&pg=PA124">Asian American chronology: chronologies of the American mosaic</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. p. 147. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313348754" title="Special:BookSources/9780313348754"><bdi>9780313348754</bdi></a>. 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Retrieved August 7, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Congress%2C+governors+look+for+Medicaid+reforms+of+their+own+%E2%80%93+The+Hill+%E2%80%93+covering+Congress%2C+Politics%2C+Political+Campaigns+and+Capitol+Hill&rft.date=2005-05-31&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fbusiness-a-lobbying%2F2318-congress-governors-look-for-medicaid-reforms-of-their-own%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna6902061">"Curry: Bush charts course, with rocks ahead – politics – Tom Curry – NBC News.com"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a>. February 3, 2005. Retrieved August 7, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Curry%3A+Bush+charts+course%2C+with+rocks+ahead+%E2%80%93+politics+%E2%80%93+Tom+Curry+%E2%80%93+NBC+News.com&rft.date=2005-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fid%2Fwbna6902061&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/gallery/2012/07/bobby-jindals-career/000279-003589.html">Bobby Jindal's Career</a>, politico.com, November 13, 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-TimesPicayune_Moller_20070123-47"><a href="#cite_ref-TimesPicayune_Moller_20070123_47-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoller,_Jan2007" class="citation news cs1">Moller, Jan (January 23, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930154939/http://www.nola.com/news/t-p/capital/index.ssf?%2Fbase%2Fnews-4%2F116953841215500.xml&coll=1">"Jindal quietly begins his run"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Times-Picayune" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans Times-Picayune">New Orleans Times-Picayune</a>. New Orleans, LA. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/news/t-p/capital/index.ssf?/base/news-4/116953841215500.xml&coll=1">the original</a> on September 30, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Orleans+Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=Jindal+quietly+begins+his+run&rft.date=2007-01-23&rft.au=Moller%2C+Jan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fnews%2Ft-p%2Fcapital%2Findex.ssf%3F%2Fbase%2Fnews-4%2F116953841215500.xml%26coll%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Election20071020-48"><a href="#cite_ref-Election20071020_48-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080919002801/http://www400.sos.louisiana.gov:8090/cgibin/?rqstyp=elcms2&rqsdta=102007">"Official Election Results for Election Date October 20, 2007"</a>. Louisiana Secretary of State. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www400.sos.louisiana.gov:8090/cgibin/?rqstyp=elcms2&rqsdta=102007">the original</a> on September 19, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Election+Results+for+Election+Date+October+20%2C+2007&rft.pub=Louisiana+Secretary+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww400.sos.louisiana.gov%3A8090%2Fcgibin%2F%3Frqstyp%3Delcms2%26rqsdta%3D102007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bobbyjindal.com/index.php/meet-bobby/leadership">Governor Bobby Jindal</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708084001/http://www.bobbyjindal.com/index.php/meet-bobby/leadership">Archived</a> July 8, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-WashingtonPost_Whoriskey_20071021-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WashingtonPost_Whoriskey_20071021_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WashingtonPost_Whoriskey_20071021_50-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhoriskey2007" class="citation news cs1">Whoriskey, Peter (October 21, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/20/AR2007102000528.html">"Jindal Wins Louisiana Race, Becomes First Indian American Governor"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. p. A8. Retrieved October 21, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Jindal+Wins+Louisiana+Race%2C+Becomes+First+Indian+American+Governor&rft.pages=A8&rft.date=2007-10-21&rft.aulast=Whoriskey&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2007%2F10%2F20%2FAR2007102000528.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WWLTV_speechtxt_20080114-51"><a href="#cite_ref-WWLTV_speechtxt_20080114_51-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090309183210/http://www.wwltv.com/local/stories/wwl011408jbspeech.20d0352a.html">"Text of Gov. Jindal Inauguration speech (includes video)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WWL-TV" title="WWL-TV">WWL-TV</a>. New Orleans, LA. January 14, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wwltv.com/local/stories/wwl011408jbspeech.20d0352a.html">the original</a> on March 9, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WWL-TV&rft.atitle=Text+of+Gov.+Jindal+Inauguration+speech+%28includes+video%29&rft.date=2008-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wwltv.com%2Flocal%2Fstories%2Fwwl011408jbspeech.20d0352a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.jenningsdailynews.net/arch_news.php?id=1137">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120301131643/http://www.jenningsdailynews.net/arch_news.php?id=1137">Archived</a> March 1, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/elections2/election_20082/2008_senate_elections/louisiana/election_2008_louisiana_senate">"Election 2008: Louisiana Senate"</a>. Rasmussen Reports. Retrieved August 7, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Election+2008%3A+Louisiana+Senate&rft.pub=Rasmussen+Reports&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rasmussenreports.com%2Fpublic_content%2Fpolitics%2Felections2%2Felection_20082%2F2008_senate_elections%2Flouisiana%2Felection_2008_louisiana_senate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-lpb-54"><a href="#cite_ref-lpb_54-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402114922/http://beta.lpb.org/index.php/publicsquare/lps_bio/edmonson_colonel_michael">"Colonel Michael Edmonson"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Public_Broadcasting" title="Louisiana Public Broadcasting">Louisiana Public Broadcasting</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://beta.lpb.org/index.php/publicsquare/lps_bio/edmonson_colonel_michael">the original</a> on April 2, 2015. Retrieved September 17, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Colonel+Michael+Edmonson&rft.pub=Louisiana+Public+Broadcasting&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbeta.lpb.org%2Findex.php%2Fpublicsquare%2Flps_bio%2Fedmonson_colonel_michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarsha_Shuler2014" class="citation news cs1">Marsha Shuler (August 24, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402185704/http://theadvocate.com/home/10038115-123/jindal-favors-repeal-of-edmonson">"Gov. Jindal favors repeal of Edmonson benefit law"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Advocate_(Louisiana)" title="The Advocate (Louisiana)">Baton Rouge Morning Advocate</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theadvocate.com/home/10038115-123/jindal-favors-repeal-of-edmonson">the original</a> on April 2, 2015. Retrieved September 17, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Baton+Rouge+Morning+Advocate&rft.atitle=Gov.+Jindal+favors+repeal+of+Edmonson+benefit+law&rft.date=2014-08-24&rft.au=Marsha+Shuler&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheadvocate.com%2Fhome%2F10038115-123%2Fjindal-favors-repeal-of-edmonson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCole_Avery2014" class="citation news cs1">Cole Avery (September 16, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140917125857/http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/09/edmonson_act_declared_unconsti.html">"'Edmonson Act' declared unconstitutional in state court"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Times-Picayune" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans Times-Picayune">New Orleans Times-Picayune</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/09/edmonson_act_declared_unconsti.html">the original</a> on September 17, 2014. Retrieved September 17, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Orleans+Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=%27Edmonson+Act%27+declared+unconstitutional+in+state+court&rft.date=2014-09-16&rft.au=Cole+Avery&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fpolitics%2Findex.ssf%2F2014%2F09%2Fedmonson_act_declared_unconsti.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethics.state.la.us/AgendaAttachments/2479/PublicAgendaAttachment.pdf">"Order"</a> (PDF). ethics.state.la.us. July 29, 2009. Retrieved December 26, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Order&rft.pub=ethics.state.la.us&rft.date=2009-07-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethics.state.la.us%2FAgendaAttachments%2F2479%2FPublicAgendaAttachment.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150722061633/http://ww.fed-soc.org/experts/detail/jimmy-r-faircloth">"Jimmy R. Faircloth, Jr"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="The Federalist Society">The Federalist Society</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ww.fed-soc.org/experts/detail/jimmy-r-faircloth">the original</a> on July 22, 2015. Retrieved July 20, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jimmy+R.+Faircloth%2C+Jr.&rft.pub=The+Federalist+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fww.fed-soc.org%2Fexperts%2Fdetail%2Fjimmy-r-faircloth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TimesPicayune_Scott_20080627-59"><a href="#cite_ref-TimesPicayune_Scott_20080627_59-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott,_Robert_Travis2008" class="citation news cs1">Scott, Robert Travis (June 27, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2008/06/recall_petition_filed_against.html">"Recall petition filed against JindalRecall petition filed against Jindal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Times-Picayune" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans Times-Picayune">New Orleans Times-Picayune</a>. <q>Ryan and Kourtney Fournier of Jefferson submitted paperwork to the Secretary of State's office that allows them to attempt to collect the nearly 1 million signatures needed over the next 180 days to force a recall election of the governor... He had pledged during his campaign last year to prohibit an immediate legislative pay raise.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Orleans+Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=Recall+petition+filed+against+JindalRecall+petition+filed+against+Jindal&rft.date=2008-06-27&rft.au=Scott%2C+Robert+Travis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fnews%2Findex.ssf%2F2008%2F06%2Frecall_petition_filed_against.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080908003422/http://www.wjbo.com/cc-common/mlib/1178/06/1178_1213729996.pdf">"Jindal Action Plan"</a> (PDF). available from <a href="/wiki/WJBO" title="WJBO">WJBO-AM</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wjbo.com/cc-common/mlib/1178/06/1178_1213729996.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on September 8, 2008. Retrieved June 28, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Jindal+Action+Plan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wjbo.com%2Fcc-common%2Fmlib%2F1178%2F06%2F1178_1213729996.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DailyAdvertiser_20080618-61"><a href="#cite_ref-DailyAdvertiser_20080618_61-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theadvertiser.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080618/NEWS01/806180328/1001/NEWS">"Gov. Jindal's veto refusal contradicts candidate Jindal's campaign pledge"</a>. The Daily Advertiser. June 18, 2008. <q>'I am very sorry to see the Legislature do this,' he said. 'More than doubling legislative pay is not reasonable and the public has been clear on that... I will keep my pledge to let [the legislature] govern themselves and make their own decisions as a separate branch of government. I will not let anything, even this clearly excessive pay raise, stop us from moving forward with a clear plan of reform.'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Advertiser&rft.atitle=Gov.+Jindal%27s+veto+refusal+contradicts+candidate+Jindal%27s+campaign+pledge&rft.date=2008-06-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theadvertiser.com%2Fapps%2Fpbcs.dll%2Farticle%3FAID%3D%2F20080618%2FNEWS01%2F806180328%2F1001%2FNEWS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-TimesPicayune_Anderson_20080630-62"><a href="#cite_ref-TimesPicayune_Anderson_20080630_62-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson,_Ed2008" class="citation news cs1">Anderson, Ed (June 30, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2008/06/jindal_vetoes_legislative_rais.html">"Jindal vetoes legislative raise"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Times-Picayune" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans Times-Picayune">New Orleans Times-Picayune</a>. <q>Gov. Bobby Jindal announced today that he has vetoed the legislative pay raise. After days of saying he would not reject the unpopular measure, Jindal said this morning that he had changed his mind. 'I thank the people for their voice and their attention,' Jindal said of the public outcry against the raise. 'I am going to need your help to move this state forward. ... The voters have demanded change... I made a mistake by staying out if it'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Orleans+Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=Jindal+vetoes+legislative+raise&rft.date=2008-06-30&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Ed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fnews%2Findex.ssf%2F2008%2F06%2Fjindal_vetoes_legislative_rais.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.2theadvocate.com/news/63908172.html">"State's bond rating upgraded again"</a>. 2theadvocate.com. 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Retrieved January 23, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jindal+Becomes+Mileage+Champion&rft.pub=Lake+Charles+American+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepaper.americanpress.com%2FRepository%2Fml.asp%3FRef%3DQW1QLzIwMDkvMDEvMTEjQXIwMDUwMQ%3D%3D%26Mode%3DHTML%26Locale%3Denglish-skin-custom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-best-66">^ <a href="#cite_ref-best_66-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-best_66-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140723053848/http://www.bestofneworleans.com/gambit/deep-pockets/Content?oid=1255831">"Deep Pockets – Gov. Bobby Jindal's top donors have access to power – and millions of dollars in state work"</a>. Gambit. 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Retrieved September 26, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gambit&rft.atitle=Deep+Pockets+%E2%80%93+Gov.+Bobby+Jindal%27s+top+donors+have+access+to+power+%E2%80%93+and+millions+of+dollars+in+state+work.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bestofneworleans.com%2Fgambit%2Fdeep-pockets%2FContent%3Foid%3D1255831&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHighest_Ranking_–_EVER2012" class="citation web cs1">Highest Ranking – EVER (July 30, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708083946/http://www.bobbyjindal.com/index.php/blog/Creating-and-Protecting-Jobs.html">"Governor Bobby Jindal"</a>. Bobbyjindal.com. 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Governor Hailed for Recovery Efforts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. p. A06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Jindal+Presents+A+Face+of+Calm+During+the+Storm%3B+La.+Governor+Hailed+for+Recovery+Efforts&rft.pages=A06&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft.aulast=Whoriskey&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2008%2F09%2F02%2FAR2008090203049.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/story/2011-10-23/bobby-jindal-reelected/50875244/1">"La. Gov. Bobby Jindal wins re-election"</a>. <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=La.+Gov.+Bobby+Jindal+wins+re-election&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusatoday30.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fwashington%2Fstory%2F2011-10-23%2Fbobby-jindal-reelected%2F50875244%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAaron_Blake2011" class="citation news cs1">Aaron Blake (October 22, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/post/louisiana-gov-bobby-jindal-wins-reelection/2011/10/21/gIQArmP77L_blog.html">"Louisiana Gov. 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Baton Rouge, LA. <q>He said he does not condemn medical procedures aimed at saving the life of the mother that result indirectly in the loss of the unborn child as a secondary effect.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Advocate&rft.atitle=Abortion+flier+offends+Jindal&rft.date=2003-11-11&rft.au=Sentell%2C+Will&rft.au=Dyer%2C+Scott&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.newsbank.com%2Fnl-search%2Fwe%2FArchives%3Fp_product%3DAD%26p_theme%3Dad%26p_action%3Dsearch%26p_maxdocs%3D200%26p_topdoc%3D1%26p_text_direct-0%3D0FEC6C97E8FB05E0%26p_field_direct-0%3Ddocument_id%26p_perpage%3D10%26p_sort%3DYMD_date%3AD%26s_trackval%3DGooglePM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CapitolWatch_Hill_20031112-117">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CapitolWatch_Hill_20031112_117-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CapitolWatch_Hill_20031112_117-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Hill2003" class="citation web cs1">John Hill (November 12, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080630063526/http://capitolwatch.reallouisiana.com/html/BC4983D2-AC99-421E-83DC-00FD0707A94D.shtml">"Gubernatorial candidates to meet today in final TV debate"</a>. 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The Good, The Bad, And The Ugly"</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a>, May 30, 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/11/29/AR2008112901777.html">"GOP Looks to Louisiana's Governor"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Retrieved September 26, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=GOP+Looks+to+Louisiana%27s+Governor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2008%2F11%2F29%2FAR2008112901777.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> Romano, Andrew, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/id/174518">"Their Own Obama"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a>, December 22, 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-TimesPicayne_Alpert_20080521-121"><a href="#cite_ref-TimesPicayne_Alpert_20080521_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlpert,_BruceJan_Moller2008" class="citation news cs1">Alpert, Bruce & Jan Moller (May 21, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2008/05/report_mccain_to_meet_with_jin.html">"Jindal to meet Friday with McCain"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Times-Picayune" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans Times-Picayune">New Orleans Times-Picayune</a>. <q>Jindal is seen as solid on conservative social issues such as opposition to abortion and embryonic stem cell research.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Orleans+Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=Jindal+to+meet+Friday+with+McCain&rft.date=2008-05-21&rft.au=Alpert%2C+Bruce&rft.au=Jan+Moller&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fnews%2Findex.ssf%2F2008%2F05%2Freport_mccain_to_meet_with_jin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-OnTheIssues_CivilRights-122"><a href="#cite_ref-OnTheIssues_CivilRights_122-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Bobby_Jindal_Civil_Rights.htm">"Bobby Jindal on Civil Rights"</a>. 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Jindal picks Louisiana Commission on Marriage and Family</a> on BayouBuzz.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090307190004/http://www.bayoubuzz.com/News/Louisiana/Government/Louisiana_Gov._Jindal_Picks_Louisiana_Commission_on_Marriage_and_Family__7840.asp">Archived</a> March 7, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/gop-hopefuls-immigration-gay-marriage-080637140.html">"GOP hopefuls on immigration, gay marriage"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! News">Yahoo! News</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. July 2, 2013. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2015/05/louisianas_religious_freedom_b.html">the original</a> on May 21, 2015. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theadvocate.com/features/realestate/12184896-70/bobby-jindal-im-holding-firm">the original</a> on May 21, 2015. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2014/05/bobby_jindal_makes_ethics_exce.html">the original</a> on April 22, 2015. 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Bobby Jindal slams Muslim 'no-go zones'"</a>. The Christian Science Monitor. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. 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Retrieved January 25, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Jindal%3A+Some+Muslims+trying+to+%27colonize%27+West&rft.date=2015-01-21&rft.au=Diamond%2C+Jeremy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2015%2F01%2F21%2Fpolitics%2Fbobby-jindal-no-go-zones-fox%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kharel-189"><a href="#cite_ref-Kharel_189-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKharel,_Gopi_Chandra2015" class="citation news cs1">Kharel, Gopi Chandra (January 25, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibtimes.co.in/2016-us-presidential-hopeful-bobby-jindal-says-muslims-colonising-europe-621195">"2016 US Presidential Hopeful Bobby Jindal Says Muslims 'Colonising' Europe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Business_Times" title="International Business Times">International Business Times</a>. Retrieved January 25, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Business+Times&rft.atitle=2016+US+Presidential+Hopeful+Bobby+Jindal+Says+Muslims+%27Colonising%27+Europe&rft.date=2015-01-25&rft.au=Kharel%2C+Gopi+Chandra&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibtimes.co.in%2F2016-us-presidential-hopeful-bobby-jindal-says-muslims-colonising-europe-621195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2theadvocate_Millhollon_200-190"><a href="#cite_ref-2theadvocate_Millhollon_200_190-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMillhollon,_Michelle2008" class="citation news cs1">Millhollon, Michelle (March 19, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080321002513/http://www.2theadvocate.com/news/16805881.html">"Jindal's mother still with state"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Advocate_(Baton_Rouge)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Advocate (Baton Rouge)">The Advocate</a>. Baton Rouge, Louisiana. p. 10A. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.2theadvocate.com/news/16805881.html">the original</a> on March 21, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Advocate&rft.atitle=Jindal%27s+mother+still+with+state&rft.pages=10A&rft.date=2008-03-19&rft.au=Millhollon%2C+Michelle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.2theadvocate.com%2Fnews%2F16805881.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.campaignmoney.com/political/contributions/nikesh-jindal.asp?cycle=04">"Nikesh Jindal – Political Contributions for 2004"</a>. Campaignmoney.com. Retrieved August 7, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nikesh+Jindal+%E2%80%93+Political+Contributions+for+2004&rft.pub=Campaignmoney.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.campaignmoney.com%2Fpolitical%2Fcontributions%2Fnikesh-jindal.asp%3Fcycle%3D04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bobby-jindal-the-gops-rising-star/">"Bobby Jindal: The GOP's Rising Star?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/60_Minutes" title="60 Minutes">60 Minutes</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>. March 1, 2009. Retrieved March 2, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=60+Minutes&rft.atitle=Bobby+Jindal%3A+The+GOP%27s+Rising+Star%3F&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fbobby-jindal-the-gops-rising-star%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rediff_Haniffa_20031116-193"><a href="#cite_ref-Rediff_Haniffa_20031116_193-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaniffa,_Ariz2003" class="citation news cs1">Haniffa, Ariz (November 16, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/16jindal1.htm">"He is Piyush, not Bobby"</a>. <a href="/wiki/India_Abroad" title="India Abroad">India Abroad</a>. Baton Rouge, LA.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=India+Abroad&rft.atitle=He+is+Piyush%2C+not+Bobby&rft.date=2003-11-16&rft.au=Haniffa%2C+Ariz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rediff.com%2Fnews%2F2003%2Fnov%2F16jindal1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeiner2009" class="citation news cs1">Weiner, Rachel (March 24, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/03/24/meghan-mccain-interviews_n_178458.html">"Meghan McCain Interviews Supriya Jindal, First Lady of Louisiana"</a>. <a href="/wiki/HuffPost" title="HuffPost">HuffPost</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Meghan+McCain+Interviews+Supriya+Jindal%2C+First+Lady+of+Louisiana&rft.date=2009-03-24&rft.aulast=Weiner&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2009%2F03%2F24%2Fmeghan-mccain-interviews_n_178458.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121015214736/http://www.nola.com/living/index.ssf/2008/01/suddenly_supriya_louisianas_ne.html">"Suddenly Supriya: Louisiana's new first lady is mom and MBA"</a>. Nola.com. January 13, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/living/index.ssf/2008/01/suddenly_supriya_louisianas_ne.html">the original</a> on October 15, 2012. Retrieved August 7, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Suddenly+Supriya%3A+Louisiana%27s+new+first+lady+is+mom+and+MBA&rft.pub=Nola.com&rft.date=2008-01-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fliving%2Findex.ssf%2F2008%2F01%2Fsuddenly_supriya_louisianas_ne.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100809115319/http://jindalfoundation.org/">"Jindal Foundation homepage"</a>. Jindalfoundation.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jindalfoundation.org">the original</a> on August 9, 2010. Retrieved August 7, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jindal+Foundation+homepage&rft.pub=Jindalfoundation.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjindalfoundation.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKonieczko2008" class="citation web cs1">Konieczko, Jill (May 22, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100623072857/http://www.usnews.com/articles/news/campaign-2008/2008/05/22/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-bobby-jindal.html">"10 Things You Didn't Know About Bobby Jindal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/articles/news/campaign-2008/2008/05/22/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-bobby-jindal.html">the original</a> on June 23, 2010. Retrieved August 7, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=10+Things+You+Didn%27t+Know+About+Bobby+Jindal&rft.pub=U.S.+News+%26+World+Report&rft.date=2008-05-22&rft.aulast=Konieczko&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2Fcampaign-2008%2F2008%2F05%2F22%2F10-things-you-didnt-know-about-bobby-jindal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJindal" class="citation web cs1">Jindal, Bobby. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/BobbyJindal/status/1713945864517955838">"Gov. Bobby Jindal on X: "I just had a great conversation with President Trump, and I told him that he has my full and complete endorsement to win back the White House and Make America Great Again!""</a>. X (formally known as Twitter).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=X+%28formally+known+as+Twitter%29&rft.atitle=Gov.+Bobby+Jindal+on+X%3A+%22I+just+had+a+great+conversation+with+President+Trump%2C+and+I+told+him+that+he+has+my+full+and+complete+endorsement+to+win+back+the+White+House+and+Make+America+Great+Again%21%22&rft.aulast=Jindal&rft.aufirst=Bobby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FBobbyJindal%2Fstatus%2F1713945864517955838&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=75166+site:finance.senate.gov">"Nominations of Claude Allen, Thomas Scully, Piyush Jindal, Linnet F. Deily, Peter Allgeier, Peter R. Fisher, and James Gurule"</a>. Retrieved September 26, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nominations+of+Claude+Allen%2C+Thomas+Scully%2C+Piyush+Jindal%2C+Linnet+F.+Deily%2C+Peter+Allgeier%2C+Peter+R.+Fisher%2C+and+James+Gurule&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3D75166%2Bsite%3Afinance.senate.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoddard2003" class="citation web cs1">Goddard, Taegan (November 7, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080830000055/http://politicalwire.com/archives/2003/11/07/jindal_and_satan.html">"Jindal and Satan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Political_Wire" title="Political Wire">Political Wire</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politicalwire.com/archives/2003/11/07/jindal_and_satan.html">the original</a> on August 30, 2008. Retrieved June 12, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Political+Wire&rft.atitle=Jindal+and+Satan&rft.date=2003-11-07&rft.aulast=Goddard&rft.aufirst=Taegan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpoliticalwire.com%2Farchives%2F2003%2F11%2F07%2Fjindal_and_satan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-demon-201"><a href="#cite_ref-demon_201-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJindal1994" class="citation web cs1">Jindal, Bobby (December 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100105092644/http://www.newoxfordreview.org/article.jsp?did=1294-jindal">"Beating A Demon: Physical Dimensions of Spiritual Warfare"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Oxford_Review" title="New Oxford Review">New Oxford Review</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newoxfordreview.org/article.jsp?did=1294-jindal">the original</a> on January 5, 2010. Retrieved May 12, 2010. <q>I began to think that the demon would only attack me if I tried to pray or fight back.... Did I witness spiritual warfare? I do not have the answers....</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Oxford+Review&rft.atitle=Beating+A+Demon%3A+Physical+Dimensions+of+Spiritual+Warfare&rft.date=1994-12&rft.aulast=Jindal&rft.aufirst=Bobby&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newoxfordreview.org%2Farticle.jsp%3Fdid%3D1294-jindal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABobby+Jindal" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobby_Jindal&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Bobby Jindal at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bobby_Jindal" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Bobby Jindal">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" class="extiw" title="q:Bobby Jindal">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/author:Bobby_Jindal" class="extiw" title="s:author:Bobby Jindal">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111011140437/http://www.bobbyjindal.com/">Bobby Jindal for governor</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?46629">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2010733/">Bobby Jindal</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626085927/http://btr360.com/2015/06/24/bobby-jindal-i-am-running-for-president-full-transcript/">Bobby Jindal: "I Am Running for President" (Full Transcript)</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=J000287">Biography</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4LA00016">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Foster_(American_politician)" title="Mike Foster (American politician)">Mike Foster</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Louisiana">Governor of Louisiana</a> <a href="/wiki/2003_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2003 Louisiana gubernatorial election">2003</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2007 Louisiana gubernatorial election">2007</a>, <a href="/wiki/2011_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2011 Louisiana gubernatorial election">2011</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">David Vitter</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Sebelius" title="Kathleen Sebelius">Kathleen Sebelius</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Response_to_the_State_of_the_Union_address" title="Response to the State of the Union address">Response to the State of the Union address</a> <a href="/wiki/February_2009_Barack_Obama_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="February 2009 Barack Obama speech to a joint session of Congress">2009</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_McDonnell" title="Bob McDonnell">Bob McDonnell</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Bob McDonnell</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Governors_Association" title="Republican Governors Association">Republican Governors Association</a> 2012–2013 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Christie" title="Chris Christie">Chris Christie</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">David Vitter</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">U.S. House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 1st congressional district">Louisiana's 1st congressional district</a> 2005–2008 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">Steve Scalise</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Blanco" title="Kathleen Blanco">Kathleen Blanco</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Louisiana">Governor of Louisiana</a> 2008–2016 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">John Bel Edwards</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Martha_McSally" title="Martha McSally">Martha McSally</a></div>as Former Senator </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a> Within Louisiana </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">John Bel Edwards</a></div>as Former Governor </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Kasich" title="John Kasich">John Kasich</a></div>as Former Governor </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a> Outside Louisiana </td></tr></tbody></table> <div 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governors_of_Louisiana" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governors_of_Louisiana" title="Template:Governors of Louisiana"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governors_of_Louisiana" title="Template talk:Governors of Louisiana"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governors_of_Louisiana" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governors of Louisiana"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors_of_Louisiana" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Louisiana" title="List of governors of Louisiana">Governors of Louisiana</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">State (1812–1861)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_C._C._Claiborne" title="William C. C. Claiborne">Claiborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Viller%C3%A9" title="Jacques Villeré">Villeré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_B._Robertson" title="Thomas B. Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_S._Thibodaux" title="Henry S. Thibodaux">Thibodaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Johnson_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Henry Johnson (Louisiana politician)">H. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Derbigny" title="Pierre Derbigny">Derbigny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnaud_Beauvais" title="Arnaud Beauvais">Beauvais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Dupr%C3%A9" title="Jacques Dupré">Dupré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_B._Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre B. Roman">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Douglass_White_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Douglass White Sr.">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_B._Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre B. Roman">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Mouton" title="Alexandre Mouton">Mouton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Johnson_(politician)" title="Isaac Johnson (politician)">I. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Marshall_Walker" title="Joseph Marshall Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Octave_H%C3%A9bert" title="Paul Octave Hébert">Hébert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Wickliffe" title="Robert C. Wickliffe">Wickliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Overton_Moore" title="Thomas Overton Moore">Moore</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Seal_of_Louisiana.svg/75px-Seal_of_Louisiana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Seal_of_Louisiana.svg/113px-Seal_of_Louisiana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Seal_of_Louisiana.svg/150px-Seal_of_Louisiana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate (1861–1865)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Overton_Moore" title="Thomas Overton Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Watkins_Allen" title="Henry Watkins Allen">H. Allen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union (1862–1865)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Foster_Shepley_(judge)" title="George Foster Shepley (judge)">Shepley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hahn" title="Michael Hahn">Hahn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction Era">Reconstruction (1865–1868)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Wells" title="James Madison Wells">Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Flanders" title="Benjamin Flanders">Flanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Baker" title="Joshua Baker">Baker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">State (since 1868)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_C._Warmoth" title="Henry C. Warmoth">Warmoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._B._S._Pinchback" title="P. B. S. Pinchback">Pinchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McEnery_(politician)" title="John McEnery (politician)">J. McEnery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_Kellogg" title="William Pitt Kellogg">Kellogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_B._Packard" title="Stephen B. Packard">Packard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_T._Nicholls" title="Francis T. Nicholls">Nicholls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_A._Wiltz" title="Louis A. Wiltz">Wiltz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_D._McEnery" title="Samuel D. McEnery">S. McEnery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_T._Nicholls" title="Francis T. Nicholls">Nicholls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy_J._Foster" title="Murphy J. Foster">M. J. Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wright_Heard" title="William Wright Heard">Heard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_C._Blanchard" title="Newton C. Blanchard">Blanchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Y._Sanders_Sr." title="Jared Y. Sanders Sr.">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_E._Hall" title="Luther E. Hall">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruffin_G._Pleasant" title="Ruffin G. Pleasant">Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Parker" title="John M. Parker">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Fuqua" title="Henry L. Fuqua">Fuqua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oramel_H._Simpson" title="Oramel H. Simpson">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_Long" title="Huey Long">H. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Olin_King" title="Alvin Olin King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_K._Allen" title="Oscar K. Allen">O. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Noe" title="James A. Noe">Noe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_W._Leche" title="Richard W. Leche">Leche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Long" title="Earl Long">E. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_H._Jones" title="Sam H. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Davis" title="Jimmie Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Long" title="Earl Long">E. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennon" title="Robert F. Kennon">Kennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Long" title="Earl Long">E. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Davis" title="Jimmie Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McKeithen" title="John McKeithen">McKeithen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">E. Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Treen" title="Dave Treen">Treen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">E. Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer">Roemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">E. Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Foster_(American_politician)" title="Mike Foster (American politician)">M. Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Blanco" title="Kathleen Blanco">Blanco</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jindal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">J. Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Landry" title="Jeff Landry">Landry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Louisiana" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="Template:United States representatives from Louisiana"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="Template talk:United States representatives from Louisiana"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States representatives from Louisiana"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Louisiana" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Louisiana</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 1st congressional district">1st district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Livingston" title="Edward Livingston">E. Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_D._White_Sr." title="Edward D. White Sr.">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Johnson_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Henry Johnson (Louisiana politician)">H. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_D._White_Sr." title="Edward D. White Sr.">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Slidell" title="John Slidell">Slidell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emile_La_S%C3%A9re" title="Emile La Sére">La Sére</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Martin" title="Louis St. Martin">St. Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Dunbar_(politician)" title="William Dunbar (politician)">Dunbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Eustis_Jr." title="George Eustis Jr.">Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Bouligny" title="John Edward Bouligny">Bouligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Hale_Sypher" title="J. Hale Sypher">Sypher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effingham_Lawrence" title="Effingham Lawrence">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randall_L._Gibson" title="Randall L. Gibson">Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carleton_Hunt" title="Carleton Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Martin" title="Louis St. Martin">St. Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_S._Wilkinson_(politician)" title="Theodore S. Wilkinson (politician)">Wilkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Meyer" title="Adolph Meyer">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Estopinal" title="Albert Estopinal">Estopinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Connor_(Louisiana_politician)" title="James O'Connor (Louisiana politician)">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_O._Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Joachim O. Fernández">Fernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Edward_H%C3%A9bert" title="F. Edward Hébert">Hébert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_A._Tonry" title="Richard A. Tonry">Tonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Livingston" title="Bob Livingston">B. Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">Vitter</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jindal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">Scalise</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/100px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/150px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/200px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="7040" data-file-height="4556" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 2nd congressional district">2nd district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Gurley" title="Henry H. Gurley">Gurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philemon_Thomas" title="Philemon Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleazer_W._Ripley" title="Eleazer W. Ripley">Ripley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Chinn" title="Thomas W. Chinn">Chinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bennett_Dawson" title="John Bennett Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alc%C3%A9e_Louis_la_Branche" title="Alcée Louis la Branche">la Branche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bannon_G._Thibodeaux" title="Bannon G. Thibodeaux">Thibodeaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Magill_Conrad" title="Charles Magill Conrad">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Bullard" title="Henry A. Bullard">Bullard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Aristide_Landry" title="Joseph Aristide Landry">J. A. Landry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_G._Hunt" title="Theodore G. Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Taylor_(politician)" title="Miles Taylor (politician)">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Mann_(1822%E2%80%931868)" title="James Mann (1822–1868)">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Allen_Sheldon" title="Lionel Allen Sheldon">Sheldon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._John_Ellis" title="E. John Ellis">Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hahn" title="Michael Hahn">Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_D._Wallace" title="Nathaniel D. Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_D._Lagan" title="Matthew D. Lagan">Lagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_D._Coleman" title="Hamilton D. Coleman">Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_D._Lagan" title="Matthew D. Lagan">Lagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Davey" title="Robert C. Davey">Davey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Buck" title="Charles F. Buck">Buck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Davey" title="Robert C. Davey">Davey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Gilmore" title="Samuel L. Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._Garland_Dupr%C3%A9" title="H. Garland Dupré">Dupré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Z._Spearing" title="James Z. Spearing">Spearing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._Maloney" title="Paul H. Maloney">Maloney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hale_Boggs" title="Hale Boggs">H. Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._Maloney" title="Paul H. Maloney">Maloney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hale_Boggs" title="Hale Boggs">H. Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindy_Boggs" title="Lindy Boggs">L. Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jefferson_(politician)" title="William Jefferson (politician)">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cao" title="Joseph Cao">Cao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedric_Richmond" title="Cedric Richmond">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Carter_(politician)" title="Troy Carter (politician)">Carter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 3rd congressional district">3rd district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Brent" title="William L. Brent">Brent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Hampden_Overton" title="Walter Hampden Overton">Overton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Bullard" title="Henry A. Bullard">Bullard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_Garland" title="Rice Garland">Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moore_(Louisiana_politician)" title="John Moore (Louisiana politician)">J. Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bennett_Dawson" title="John Bennett Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Harmanson" title="John H. Harmanson">Harmanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_G._Penn" title="Alexander G. Penn">Penn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Perkins_Jr." title="John Perkins Jr.">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_G._Davidson" title="Thomas G. Davidson">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Newsham" title="Joseph P. Newsham">Newsham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_Bidwell_Darrall" title="Chester Bidwell Darrall">Darrall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._Acklen" title="Joseph H. Acklen">Acklen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_Bidwell_Darrall" title="Chester Bidwell Darrall">Darrall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_Kellogg" title="William Pitt Kellogg">Kellogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Gay_(politician,_born_1816)" title="Edward J. Gay (politician, born 1816)">Gay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Price_(politician)" title="Andrew Price (politician)">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Broussard" title="Robert F. Broussard">Broussard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitmell_P._Martin" title="Whitmell P. Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numa_F._Montet" title="Numa F. Montet">Montet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Mouton" title="Robert L. Mouton">Mouton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Domengeaux" title="James R. Domengeaux">Domengeaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_E._Willis" title="Edwin E. Willis">Willis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_T._Caffery" title="Patrick T. Caffery">Caffery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Treen" title="Dave Treen">Treen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Tauzin" title="Billy Tauzin">Tauzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Melan%C3%A7on" title="Charlie Melançon">Melançon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Landry" title="Jeff Landry">J. M. Landry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boustany" title="Charles Boustany">Boustany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay_Higgins" title="Clay Higgins">Higgins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 4th congressional district">4th district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bossier" title="Pierre Bossier">Bossier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_E._Morse" title="Isaac E. Morse">Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moore_(Louisiana_politician)" title="John Moore (Louisiana politician)">J. Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Jones" title="Roland Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Sandidge" title="John M. Sandidge">Sandidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Landrum" title="John M. Landrum">Landrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Vidal" title="Michel Vidal">Vidal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Newsham" title="Joseph P. Newsham">Newsham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_McCleery" title="James McCleery">McCleery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Boarman" title="Alexander Boarman">Boarman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Luke_Smith" title="George Luke Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Levy" title="William M. Levy">Levy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barton_Elam" title="Joseph Barton Elam">Elam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_C._Blanchard" title="Newton C. Blanchard">Blanchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Warren_Ogden" title="Henry Warren Ogden">Ogden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanor_Breazeale" title="Phanor Breazeale">Breazeale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Watkins" title="John T. Watkins">Watkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_N._Sandlin" title="John N. Sandlin">Sandlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overton_Brooks" title="Overton Brooks">Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Waggonner" title="Joe Waggonner">Waggonner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Leach" title="Buddy Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer">Roemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">McCrery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleo_Fields" title="Cleo Fields">Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">McCrery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fleming_(American_politician)" title="John Fleming (American politician)">Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">M. Johnson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 5th congressional district">5th district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W._Jasper_Blackburn" title="W. Jasper Blackburn">Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Morey" title="Frank Morey">Morey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Spencer" title="William B. Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Leonard" title="John E. Leonard">Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Smith_Young" title="J. Smith Young">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Floyd_King" title="J. Floyd King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherubusco_Newton" title="Cherubusco Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Boatner" title="Charles J. Boatner">Boatner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_T._Baird" title="Samuel T. Baird">Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Ransdell" title="Joseph E. Ransdell">Ransdell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Walter_Elder" title="James Walter Elder">Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riley_J._Wilson" title="Riley J. Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_V._Mills" title="Newt V. Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._McKenzie" title="Charles E. McKenzie">McKenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Passman" title="Otto Passman">Passman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Huckaby" title="Jerry Huckaby">Huckaby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">McCrery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cooksey" title="John Cooksey">Cooksey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Alexander" title="Rodney Alexander">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_McAllister" title="Vance McAllister">McAllister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Abraham_(politician)" title="Ralph Abraham (politician)">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Letlow" title="Julia Letlow">Letlow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 6th congressional district">6th district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Nash" title="Charles E. Nash">Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_White_Robertson" title="Edward White Robertson">E. Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_T._Lewis_(politician)" title="Edward T. Lewis (politician)">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Briggs_Irion" title="Alfred Briggs Irion">Irion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_White_Robertson" title="Edward White Robertson">E. Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_M._Robertson" title="Samuel M. Robertson">S. Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_K._Favrot" title="George K. Favrot">Favrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Charles_Wickliffe" title="Robert Charles Wickliffe">Wickliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_L._Morgan" title="Lewis L. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Y._Sanders_Sr." title="Jared Y. Sanders Sr.">Sanders Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_K._Favrot" title="George K. Favrot">Favrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivar_E._Kemp" title="Bolivar E. Kemp">Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Y._Sanders_Jr." title="Jared Y. Sanders Jr.">Sanders Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_K._Griffith" title="John K. Griffith">Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Y._Sanders_Jr." title="Jared Y. Sanders Jr.">Sanders Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Morrison" title="James H. Morrison">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rarick" title="John Rarick">Rarick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henson_Moore" title="Henson Moore">H. Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Baker_(American_politician)" title="Richard Baker (American politician)">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Cazayoux" title="Don Cazayoux">Cazayoux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Cassidy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garret_Graves" title="Garret Graves">Graves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 7th congressional district">7th district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ars%C3%A8ne_Pujo" title="Arsène Pujo">Pujo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladislas_Lazaro" title="Ladislas Lazaro">Lazaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_L._De_Rouen" title="René L. De Rouen">De Rouen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_Plauch%C3%A9" title="Vance Plauché">Plauché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Larcade_Jr." title="Henry D. Larcade Jr.">Larcade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Ashton_Thompson" title="T. Ashton Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">Breaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Hayes" title="Jimmy Hayes">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_John_(politician)" title="Chris John (politician)">John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boustany" title="Charles Boustany">Boustany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 8th congressional district">8th district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Benjamin_Aswell" title="James Benjamin Aswell">Aswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Overton" title="John H. Overton">Overton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Dear" title="Cleveland Dear">Dear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Leonard_Allen" title="A. Leonard Allen">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Long" title="George S. Long">G. S. "Doc" Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_B._McSween" title="Harold B. McSween">McSween</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillis_William_Long" title="Gillis William Long">G. W. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedy_Long" title="Speedy Long">S. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillis_William_Long" title="Gillis William Long">G. W. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Small_Long" title="Catherine Small Long">C. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clyde_C._Holloway" title="Clyde C. Holloway">Holloway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's at-large congressional district">At-large</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_B._Robertson" title="Thomas B. Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Butler_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Thomas Butler (Louisiana politician)">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_S._Johnston" title="Josiah S. Johnston">Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_A._Sheridan" title="George A. Sheridan">Sheridan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Orleans_Territory%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Orleans Territory's at-large congressional district">Territory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Clark_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Daniel Clark (Louisiana politician)">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julien_de_Lallande_Poydras" title="Julien de Lallande Poydras">Poydras</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Louisiana&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_109th–110th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Louisiana&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_109th–110th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>'s delegation(s) to the 109th–110th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> (ordered by seniority)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/109th_United_States_Congress" title="109th United States Congress">109th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senate</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mary_Landrieu" title="Mary Landrieu">M. Landrieu</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">D. Vitter</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Richard_Baker_(American_politician)" title="Richard Baker (American politician)">R. Baker</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">J. McCrery</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/William_J._Jefferson" class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Jefferson">W. Jefferson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rodney_Alexander" title="Rodney Alexander">R. Alexander</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charles_Boustany" title="Charles Boustany">C. Boustany</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Jindal</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Melan%C3%A7on" title="Charlie Melançon">C. Melançon</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/110th_United_States_Congress" title="110th United States Congress">110th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senate</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mary_Landrieu" title="Mary Landrieu">M. Landrieu</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">D. Vitter</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Richard_Baker_(American_politician)" title="Richard Baker (American politician)">R. Baker</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">J. McCrery</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/William_J._Jefferson" class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Jefferson">W. Jefferson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rodney_Alexander" title="Rodney Alexander">R. Alexander</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charles_Boustany" title="Charles Boustany">C. Boustany</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Jindal</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Melan%C3%A7on" title="Charlie Melançon">C. Melançon</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Don_Cazayoux" title="Don Cazayoux">D. Cazayoux</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">S. Scalise</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_2012)_2016_United_States_presidential_election_(2020_→)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:2016 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:2016 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2016 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_2012)_2016_United_States_presidential_election_(2020_→)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">← 2012</a>) <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a> (R), 304 electoral votes; <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Tim Kaine</a> (D), 227 electoral votes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fundraising_in_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Fundraising in the 2016 United States presidential election">Fundraising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_the_2016_United_States_presidential_candidates_by_political_affiliation" title="Political positions of the 2016 United States presidential candidates by political affiliation">Positions</a></li> <li>Polls <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 2016 United States presidential election">national</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election_by_demographic" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 2016 United States presidential election by demographic">by demo.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Statewide opinion polling for the 2016 United States presidential election">statewide</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-2016_statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Pre-2016 statewide opinion polling for the 2016 United States presidential election">pre-2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January%E2%80%93August_2016_statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="January–August 2016 statewide opinion polling for the 2016 United States presidential election">early 2016</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_opinion_polling_for_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="International opinion polling for the 2016 United States presidential election">international</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_in_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Social media in the 2016 United States presidential election">Social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Timeline of the 2016 United States presidential election">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2016 United States presidential debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newspaper_endorsements_in_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Newspaper endorsements in the 2016 United States presidential election">Newspaper endorsements</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newspaper_endorsements_in_the_2016_United_States_presidential_primaries" title="Newspaper endorsements in the 2016 United States presidential primaries">primary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vote_pairing_in_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Vote pairing in the 2016 United States presidential election">Vote pairing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election_recounts" title="2016 United States presidential election recounts">Recounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections">Russian interference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faithless_electors_in_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Faithless electors in the 2016 United States presidential election">Faithless electors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_States_Electoral_College_vote_count" title="2017 United States Electoral College vote count">Electoral College vote count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidential transition of Donald Trump">Transition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Donald_Trump" title="First inauguration of Donald Trump">inauguration</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> ▌<a href="/wiki/American_Independent_Party" title="American Independent Party">AIP</a> · ▌<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_New_York_State" title="Conservative Party of New York State">CPNY</a> · ▌<a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Right_to_Life_Party" title="New York State Right to Life Party">RTLP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2016 Republican Party presidential debates and forums">Debates and forums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Endorsements in the 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">Endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li>Polls (<a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">national</a> · <a href="/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Statewide opinion polling for the 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">statewide</a> · <a href="/wiki/Straw_polls_for_the_2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Straw polls for the 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">straw</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Results of the 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">Results</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_National_Convention" title="2016 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2016 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">VP candidate selection</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_candidates" title="2016 Republican Party presidential candidates">Candidates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Donald_Trump" title="Political positions of Donald Trump">positions</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Donald_Trump#Protests_during_Trump's_campaign" title="Protests against Donald Trump">protests</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republicans_who_opposed_the_Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign" title="List of Republicans who opposed the Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">GOP opposition</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jeb_Bush" title="Jeb Bush">Jeb Bush</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Jeb_Bush_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Jeb Bush 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Jeb_Bush" title="Political positions of Jeb Bush">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ben_Carson" title="Ben Carson">Ben Carson</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ben_Carson_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Ben Carson 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chris_Christie" title="Chris Christie">Chris Christie</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chris_Christie_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Chris Christie 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Ted Cruz 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ted_Cruz_2016_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Ted Cruz 2016 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Ted_Cruz" title="Political positions of Ted Cruz">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mark_Everson" title="Mark Everson">Mark Everson</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Carly_Fiorina" title="Carly Fiorina">Carly Fiorina</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Carly_Fiorina_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Carly Fiorina 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gilmore" title="Jim Gilmore">Jim Gilmore</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gilmore_2016_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Gilmore 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham" title="Lindsey Graham">Lindsey Graham</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Lindsey Graham 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Mike Huckabee</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Mike Huckabee 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Mike_Huckabee" title="Political positions of Mike Huckabee">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bobby Jindal</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jindal_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Bobby Jindal 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_Kasich" title="John Kasich">John Kasich</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/John_Kasich_2016_presidential_campaign" title="John Kasich 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_John_Kasich_2016_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of John Kasich 2016 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_McMillan" title="Jimmy McMillan">Jimmy McMillan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/George_Pataki" title="George Pataki">George Pataki</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/George_Pataki_2016_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="George Pataki 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Rand Paul 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Rand_Paul" title="Political positions of Rand Paul">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rick_Perry" title="Rick Perry">Rick Perry</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Rick_Perry_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Rick Perry 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Rick_Perry" title="Political positions of Rick Perry">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Marco Rubio 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Marco_Rubio" title="Political positions of Marco Rubio">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum" title="Rick Santorum">Rick Santorum</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Rick Santorum 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Scott_Walker_(politician)" title="Scott Walker (politician)">Scott Walker</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Scott_Walker_2016_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Scott Walker 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> ▌<a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Equality_Party_(New_York)" title="Women's Equality Party (New York)">WEP</a> · ▌<a href="/wiki/Working_Families_Party" title="Working Families Party">WFP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_the_2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_primary_candidates" title="Political positions of the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primary candidates">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Endorsements in the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2016 Democratic Party presidential debates and forums">Debates and forums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li>Polls <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries">national</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Statewide opinion polling for the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries">statewide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straw_polls_for_the_2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Straw polls for the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries">straw</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Results of the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Results</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2016 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_superdelegates_at_the_2016_Democratic_National_Convention" title="List of superdelegates at the 2016 Democratic National Convention">superdelegates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2016 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">VP candidate selection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_candidates" title="2016 Democratic Party presidential candidates">Candidates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd>endorsements <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign_political_endorsements" title="List of Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign political endorsements">political</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign_non-political_endorsements" title="List of Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign non-political endorsements">non-political</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign_celebrity_endorsements" title="List of Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign celebrity endorsements">celebrities</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign_screen_and_stage_performer_endorsements" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign screen and stage performer endorsements">performers</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Hillary_Clinton" title="Political positions of Hillary Clinton">positions</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Democrats_who_opposed_the_Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign" title="List of Democrats who opposed the Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign">Democratic opposition</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Tim Kaine</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee" title="Lincoln Chafee">Lincoln Chafee</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Chafee_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Lincoln Chafee 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rocky_De_La_Fuente" title="Rocky De La Fuente">Rocky De La Fuente</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Rocky_De_La_Fuente_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Rocky De La Fuente 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paul_T._Farrell_Jr." title="Paul T. Farrell Jr.">Paul T. Farrell Jr.</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Lessig" title="Lawrence Lessig">Lawrence Lessig</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Lessig_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Lawrence Lessig 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Martin_O%27Malley" title="Martin O'Malley">Martin O'Malley</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Martin_O%27Malley_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Martin O'Malley 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Bernie Sanders 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bernie_Sanders_2016_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Bernie Sanders 2016 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Bernie_Sanders" title="Political positions of Bernie Sanders">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jim_Webb" title="Jim Webb">Jim Webb</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Jim_Webb_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Jim Webb 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Willie_Wilson_(businessman)" title="Willie Wilson (businessman)">Willie Wilson</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FED105;"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a> ▌<a href="/wiki/Independence_Party_of_New_York_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence Party of New York State">IPNY</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Libertarian_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2016 Libertarian Party presidential debates and forums">Debates and forums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Libertarian_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Libertarian Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Libertarian_National_Convention" title="2016 Libertarian National Convention">Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gary_Johnson" title="Gary Johnson">Gary Johnson</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Gary_Johnson_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Gary Johnson 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gary_Johnson_2016_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Gary Johnson 2016 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Gary_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Political positions of Gary Johnson">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Weld" title="Bill Weld">Bill Weld</a></dd> <dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_McAfee" title="John McAfee">John McAfee</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Austin_Petersen" title="Austin Petersen">Austin Petersen</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #17aa5c;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_the_United_States" title="Green Party of the United States">Green Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Green_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2016 Green Party presidential debates and forums">Debates and forums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Green_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Green Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Green_National_Convention" title="2016 Green National Convention">Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jill_Stein" title="Jill Stein">Jill Stein</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Jill_Stein_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Jill Stein 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jill_Stein_2016_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Jill Stein 2016 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Ajamu_Baraka" title="Ajamu Baraka">Ajamu Baraka</a></dd> <dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Darryl_Cherney" title="Darryl Cherney">Darryl Cherney</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents ▌ <a href="/wiki/Independence_Party_of_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence Party of Minnesota">IPMN</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Better_for_America" title="Better for America">Better for America</a></li> <li>Candidate: <a href="/wiki/Evan_McMullin" title="Evan McMullin">Evan McMullin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evan_McMullin_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Evan McMullin 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Evan_McMullin_2016_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Evan McMullin 2016 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></li></ul></li> <li>Running mate: <a href="/wiki/Mindy_Finn" title="Mindy Finn">Mindy Finn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_third-party_and_independent_candidates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other <a href="/wiki/Third-party_and_independent_candidates_for_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="Third-party and independent candidates for the 2016 United States presidential election">third-party and independent candidates</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #355E39;"><a href="/wiki/American_Delta_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="American Delta Party">American Delta Party</a> ▌<a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Rocky_De_La_Fuente" title="Rocky De La Fuente">Rocky De La Fuente</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_De_La_Fuente_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Rocky De La Fuente 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Steinberg_(lawyer)" title="Michael Steinberg (lawyer)">Michael Steinberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CC66FF;">American Party (South Carolina)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Skewes" title="Peter Skewes">Peter Skewes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F37120;"><a href="/wiki/American_Solidarity_Party" title="American Solidarity Party">American Solidarity Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Maturen" title="Mike Maturen">Mike Maturen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #800080;">America's Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hoefling" title="Tom Hoefling">Tom Hoefling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #A356DE;"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Constitution_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Constitution Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_National_Convention#2016_convention" title="Constitution Party National Convention">Convention</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd>Darrell Castle <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Darrell_Castle_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Darrell Castle 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Scott_Bradley_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scott Bradley (politician)">Scott Bradley</a></dd> <dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hoefling" title="Tom Hoefling">Tom Hoefling</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F8F9FA;">Nutrition Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Rod_Silva_(businessman)" title="Rod Silva (businessman)">Rod Silva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #00FF00;"><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Freedom_Party" title="Peace and Freedom Party">Peace and Freedom Party</a> ▌<a href="/wiki/Party_for_Socialism_and_Liberation" title="Party for Socialism and Liberation">PSL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Gloria_La_Riva" title="Gloria La Riva">Gloria La Riva</a></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Banks" title="Dennis Banks">Dennis Banks</a></li> <li>PSL VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Puryear" title="Eugene Puryear">Eugene Puryear</a>*</li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Monica_Moorehead" title="Monica Moorehead">Monica Moorehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jill_Stein" title="Jill Stein">Jill Stein</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/James_Hedges" title="James Hedges">James Hedges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Action_(United_States)" title="Socialist Action (United States)">Socialist Action</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Mackler" title="Jeff Mackler">Jeff Mackler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #D30101;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Equality_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Equality Party (United States)">Socialist Equality Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Jerry_White_(socialist)" title="Jerry White (socialist)">Jerry White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA">Socialist Party USA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Mimi_Soltysik" title="Mimi Soltysik">Mimi Soltysik</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mimi_Soltysik_2016_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Mimi Soltysik 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Angela_Nicole_Walker" title="Angela Nicole Walker">Angela Nicole Walker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #AA0000;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Alyson_Kennedy" title="Alyson Kennedy">Alyson Kennedy</a></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Osborne_Hart" title="Osborne Hart">Osborne Hart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F8F9FA;">Pacifist Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Bradford_Lyttle" title="Bradford Lyttle">Bradford Lyttle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF33AA;"><a href="/wiki/Workers_World_Party" title="Workers World Party">Workers World Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Monica_Moorehead" title="Monica Moorehead">Monica Moorehead</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Other Independent candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Kotlikoff" title="Laurence Kotlikoff">Laurence Kotlikoff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>* : These candidates were constitutionally ineligible to serve as President or Vice President.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_elections" title="2016 United States elections">Other 2016 elections</a>: <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2016 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2016 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000114539670">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/103249368">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1914509/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtGX7fmP6Rmg3BK8g69Xd">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1173356185">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2010057738">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb161678787">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb161678787">BnF data</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=J000287">US Congress</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/15496414X">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6136j93">SNAC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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