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Discussion focuses on proximate mechanisms underlying mate preferences, consequences for human intrasexual competition, and the limitations of this study."> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1017/S0140525X00023992"> <link rel="alternate" href="/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/article/sex-differences-in-human-mate-preferences-evolutionary-hypotheses-tested-in-37-cultures/0E112ACEB2E7BC877805E3AC11ABC889" hreflang="en" /> <link rel="icon" href="/core/cambridge-core/public/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/core/cambridge-core/public/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <link href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans:400,700,400italic,700italic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/core/cambridge-core/public/css/app.css?version=v7.343.0"/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://usage.prod.aop.cambridge.org/v1/events"> <link rel="stylesheet" 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data-v-63dfaf6e>Behavioral and Brain Sciences</span> </a></li><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item" data-v-3692cf84><span aria-hidden="true" class="breadcrumbs-wrapper__arrow" data-v-3692cf84>></span><a href="/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/issue/C35EAAA5D3F517F0AECD1A1D121B9B41" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-3692cf84><span data-v-63dfaf6e>Volume 12 Issue 1</span> </a></li><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item" data-v-3692cf84><span aria-hidden="true" class="breadcrumbs-wrapper__arrow" data-v-3692cf84>></span><span data-v-3692cf84>Sex differences in human mate preferences: Evolutionary...</span></li></ul></div></div> <div class="language" data-v-3692cf84><ul class="language-switch" data-v-6b1118dd data-v-3692cf84><li aria-label="English" data-v-6b1118dd><span class="language-option current divider" data-v-6b1118dd>English</span></li><li aria-label="Français" data-v-6b1118dd><span role="button" tabindex="0" href="#" lang="fr" class="language-option" data-v-6b1118dd> Français </span></li></ul></div></div></div></div> <div class="container container__modified" data-v-01274b1d>  <div class="row" data-v-01274b1d><div role="complementary" aria-label="table of content" class="column__left" data-v-01274b1d><div class="col journal-container row" data-v-146270e8 data-v-01274b1d><img src="https://static.cambridge.org/covers/BBS_0_0_0/behavioral-and-brain-sciences.jpg" alt="" class="journal__image" data-v-146270e8> <a href="/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences" class="app-link journal__title app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-146270e8><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Behavioral and Brain Sciences </span> </a> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="separator default" data-v-7036083a data-v-146270e8></div>  <div id="toc" class="table-of-content" data-v-01274b1d><h2>Article contents</h2> <div id="toc-list-wrapper" class="table-of-content__wrapper"><ul id="toc-list" class="list"><li class="list__item"><a href="#sec0" class="list__item__link"><span class="toc-title">Abstract</span></a></li>  <li class="list__item"><a href="#references-list" class="list__item__link"><span class="toc-title">References</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="column__main" data-v-01274b1d><div class="row" data-v-01274b1d><div class="column__main__left" data-v-01274b1d><div id="maincontent" class="col" data-v-862424e6 data-v-01274b1d> <hgroup data-v-862424e6><h1 data-v-862424e6>Sex differences in human mate preferences: Evolutionary hypotheses tested in 37 cultures</h1> </hgroup>     <div class="row published-date" data-v-862424e6><p data-v-862424e6> Published online by Cambridge University Press: <strong data-v-862424e6>04 February 2010</strong></p></div>   <div class="contributors-details" data-v-99f6eb26 data-v-862424e6><div class="row contributors" data-v-99f6eb26><div class="col" data-v-99f6eb26><div class="row contributor-type" data-v-792406ce data-v-99f6eb26> <div class="contributor-type__contributor" data-v-792406ce><a href="/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=David%20M.%20Buss&eventCode=SE-AU" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-792406ce><span data-v-63dfaf6e>David M. Buss</span> </a>  <span data-v-792406ce></span></div> </div> </div> <div class="col-2 collapse-link" data-v-99f6eb26><a href="#authors-details" data-toggle="collapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="authors-details" class="app-link collapsed app-link__text-icon app-link--secondary reverse" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-99f6eb26><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" alt="" class="app-icon icon arrow-down" data-v-d2c09870 data-v-63dfaf6e><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Show author details </span> </a></div></div> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="separator default" data-v-7036083a data-v-99f6eb26> <dl id="authors-details" class="authors-details collapse" data-v-2edb8da6 data-v-99f6eb26><div data-test-author="David M. 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Buss</dt> <dd class="col content d-inline d-sm-flex" data-v-2edb8da6><span class="content__title" data-v-2edb8da6>Affiliation:</span> <div class="d-sm-flex flex-column flex-sm-1 d-inline" data-v-2edb8da6><span data-v-2edb8da6><span data-v-2edb8da6>Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1346 Electrnic mall:david buss@um.c.cumich.edu</span> </span></div></dd></div>  <hr aria-hidden="true" class="separator default" data-v-7036083a data-v-2edb8da6></dl></div></div> <div id="app-tabs" class="tabs" data-v-1d90c6ce data-v-01274b1d><div id="app-tabs-wrapper" class="tabs__wrapper" data-v-1d90c6ce><div role="navigation" aria-label="tab navigation" class="container" data-v-1d90c6ce><a data-toggle="collapse" href="#appTabs" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="appTabs" class="tabs__collapse collapsed d-sm-none d-print-none" data-v-1d90c6ce><span data-v-1d90c6ce></span> <span class="tabs-arrow-up" data-v-1d90c6ce></span> <span class="tabs-arrow-down" 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target="_blank" href="https://s100.copyright.com/AppDispatchServlet?publisherName=CUP&publication=BBS&title=Sex%20differences%20in%20human%20mate%20preferences%3A%20Evolutionary%20hypotheses%20tested%20in%2037%20cultures&publicationDate=04%20February%202010&author=David%20M.%20Buss©right=Copyright%20%C2%A9%20Cambridge%20University%20Press%201989&contentID=10.1017%2FS0140525X00023992&startPage=1&endPage=14&orderBeanReset=True&volumeNum=12&issueNum=1&oa=" data-test-id="buttonRightLink" class="app-link rights-link d-print-none app-link__text-icon app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-92ee52a2 data-v-43a4d572><img src="/core/page-component/img/rights-icon.d4a677c.svg" alt="" class="app-icon icon rights" data-v-d2c09870 data-v-63dfaf6e><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Rights & Permissions </span> <span class="sr-only" data-v-63dfaf6e>[Opens in a new window]</span></a></div> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="separator default" data-v-7036083a></div> <div class="share-modal-overlay" style="display:none;" data-v-43a4d572></div> <div data-spy="scroll" data-target="#toc" class="scrollspy-content" data-v-43a4d572> <div id="sec0" class="col article-abstract sec" data-v-2fa8b348 data-v-43a4d572><div class="abstract-text-container" data-v-2fa8b348><div lang="en"><h2>Abstract</h2> <div class="no-content" data-v-6723a3bd> Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button. </div> <div class="abstract-content"><div class="abstract" data-abstract-type="normal"><p>Contemporary mate preferences can provide important clues to human reproductive history. Little is known about which characteristics people value in potential mates. Five predictions were made about sex differences in human mate preferences based on evolutionary conceptions of parental investment, sexual selection, human reproductive capacity, and sexual asymmetries regarding certainty of paternity versus maternity. The predictions centered on how each sex valued earning capacity, ambition— industriousness, youth, physical attractiveness, and chastity. Predictions were tested in data from 37 samples drawn from 33 countries located on six continents and five islands (total <span class="italic">N</span> = 10,047). For 27 countries, demographic data on actual age at marriage provided a validity check on questionnaire data. Females were found to value cues to <span class="italic">resource acquisition</span> in potential mates more highly than males. Characteristics signaling <span class="italic">reproductive capacity</span> were valued more by males than by females. These sex differences may reflect different evolutionary selection pressures on human males and females; they provide powerful cross-cultural evidence of current sex differences in reproductive strategies. Discussion focuses on proximate mechanisms underlying mate preferences, consequences for human intrasexual competition, and the limitations of this study.</p></div></div> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="abstract-divider separator default" data-v-7036083a></div></div>   </div>  <div class="keywords" data-v-86c27100 data-v-43a4d572><h2 data-v-86c27100>Keywords</h2> <div class="row keywords__pills" data-v-86c27100><a href="/core/search?filters[keywords]=assortative mating" data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100><span data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100>assortative mating</span></a><a href="/core/search?filters[keywords]=cultural differences" data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100><span data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100>cultural differences</span></a><a href="/core/search?filters[keywords]=evolution" data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100><span data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100>evolution</span></a><a href="/core/search?filters[keywords]=mate preferences" data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100><span data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100>mate preferences</span></a><a href="/core/search?filters[keywords]=reproductive strategy" data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100><span data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100>reproductive strategy</span></a><a href="/core/search?filters[keywords]=sex differences" data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100><span data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100>sex differences</span></a><a href="/core/search?filters[keywords]=sexual selection" data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100><span data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100>sexual selection</span></a><a href="/core/search?filters[keywords]=sociobiology" data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100><span data-v-f0b31360 data-v-86c27100>sociobiology</span></a></div> <hr aria-hidden="true" class="separator default" data-v-7036083a data-v-86c27100></div>  <dl class="article-details" data-v-6e32a161 data-v-43a4d572><div class="row" data-v-6e32a161><dt class="col-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2_5 title" data-v-6e32a161> Type </dt> <dd class="col content" data-v-6e32a161>Target Articles</dd></div> <div class="row" data-v-6e32a161><dt class="col-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2_5 title" data-v-6e32a161> Information </dt> <dd class="col content" data-v-6e32a161><div class="content__journal" data-v-6e32a161><a href="/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Behavioral and Brain Sciences </span> </a> <span data-v-6e32a161> , <a href="/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/volume/3DCDFCA22FF4C596A2B43C2DF58943B7" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Volume 12 </span> </a></span> <span data-v-6e32a161> , <a href="/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/issue/C35EAAA5D3F517F0AECD1A1D121B9B41" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--underlined" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>Issue 1 </span> </a></span> <span data-v-6e32a161>, March 1989</span>  <span data-v-6e32a161>, pp. 1 - 14</span> </div> <div class="doi-data" data-v-6e32a161><div data-v-6e32a161>DOI: <a target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00023992" class="app-link app-link__text app-link--accent" data-v-63dfaf6e data-v-6e32a161><span class="text" data-v-63dfaf6e>https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00023992 </span> <span class="sr-only" data-v-63dfaf6e>[Opens in a new window]</span></a></div> </div>  </dd></div>   <div class="row" data-v-6e32a161><dt class="col-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2_5 title" data-v-6e32a161> Copyright </dt> <dd class="col content" data-v-6e32a161><div data-v-6e32a161> Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989 </div></dd></div></dl>  <div id="content-container" class="content-container" data-v-43a4d572>   <hr aria-hidden="true" class="list-divider separator default" data-v-7036083a> <div id="references-list" class="circle-list"><h2>References</h2> <div id="reference-header-ghdxlg" aria-flowto="reference-1-content reference-1-button"><h4> REFERENCES </h4> <div class="circle-list__item__indicator"></div> <div aria-hidden="true" data-test-hidden="true" class="circle-list__item__number"> </div> <div class="circle-list__item__grouped"><div id="reference-1-content" class="circle-list__item__grouped__content"></div></div></div><div id="manual_ref-1" aria-flowto="reference-2-content reference-2-button" class="circle-list__item"> <div class="circle-list__item__indicator"></div> <div aria-hidden="true" data-test-hidden="true" class="circle-list__item__number"> </div> <div class="circle-list__item__grouped"><div id="reference-2-content" class="circle-list__item__grouped__content"><span class="name"><span class="surname">Alexander</span>, <span class="given-names">R. 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{layout:"default",data:[{article:{id:"0E112ACEB2E7BC877805E3AC11ABC889",metadata:{title:ac,htmlTitle:ac,subtitle:a,authorsGroup:{authors:{contributors:[{givenNames:"David M.",surname:"Buss",nameStyle:"western",affiliations:[{text:"Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1346 Electrnic mall:david buss@um.c.cumich.edu"}],isCorresponding:b,notes:a,isAnonymous:b,fullName:"David M. Buss",searchUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=David%20M.%20Buss&eventCode=SE-AU",orcidUrl:c}]},translators:{contributors:[],label:"Translated by"}},collections:[],publishedDate:"04 February 2010",keywords:[{url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters[keywords]=assortative mating",name:"assortative mating"},{url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters[keywords]=cultural differences",name:"cultural differences"},{url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters[keywords]=evolution",name:"evolution"},{url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters[keywords]=mate preferences",name:"mate preferences"},{url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters[keywords]=reproductive strategy",name:"reproductive strategy"},{url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters[keywords]=sex differences",name:"sex differences"},{url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters[keywords]=sexual selection",name:"sexual selection"},{url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fsearch?filters[keywords]=sociobiology",name:"sociobiology"}],openPracticeBadges:[],doi:{url:"https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1017\u002FS0140525X00023992",value:"10.1017\u002FS0140525X00023992"},copyright:{statement:["Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989"],holder:[v],year:[1989]},creativeCommons:c,acceptedManuscript:b,type:"research-article",pageRange:{range:"1 - 14",firstPage:s,lastPage:cu},typeDescription:"Target Articles",resultTypes:[],commentsCount:cv,topicsAndSubtopics:c},journal:{id:cw,title:o,titleSlug:cx,mnemonic:"BBS",titleHistory:[],isFirstView:b,journalSlug:cx,isCompanion:b,parentCompanionJournalName:o,associatedParentCollection:c,url:cy,firstViewUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Fbehavioral-and-brain-sciences\u002Ffirstview",coverUrl:"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic.cambridge.org\u002Fcovers\u002FBBS_0_0_0\u002Fbehavioral-and-brain-sciences.jpg",submitMaterialsUrl:"\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Fbehavioral-and-brain-sciences\u002Finformation\u002Fauthor-instructions\u002Fsubmitting-your-materials",hasHistory:b,latestTitle:o,latestId:cw,hasPastTitle:b,issue:{id:"C35EAAA5D3F517F0AECD1A1D121B9B41",number:s,title:"Issue 1",publishedDate:"March 1989",printPublishTimestamp:604713600000,url:cz},volume:{id:"3DCDFCA22FF4C596A2B43C2DF58943B7",number:ad,title:"Volume 12",publishedDate:"June 1989",printPublishTimestamp:612666000000,url:"\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Fbehavioral-and-brain-sciences\u002Fvolume\u002F3DCDFCA22FF4C596A2B43C2DF58943B7"}},abstract:{textAbstracts:[{title:"Abstract",content:"\u003Cdiv class=\"abstract\" data-abstract-type=\"normal\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EContemporary mate preferences can provide important clues to human reproductive history. Little is known about which characteristics people value in potential mates. Five predictions were made about sex differences in human mate preferences based on evolutionary conceptions of parental investment, sexual selection, human reproductive capacity, and sexual asymmetries regarding certainty of paternity versus maternity. The predictions centered on how each sex valued earning capacity, ambition— industriousness, youth, physical attractiveness, and chastity. Predictions were tested in data from 37 samples drawn from 33 countries located on six continents and five islands (total \u003Cspan class=\"italic\"\u003EN\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E = 10,047). For 27 countries, demographic data on actual age at marriage provided a validity check on questionnaire data. Females were found to value cues to \u003Cspan class=\"italic\"\u003Eresource acquisition\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E in potential mates more highly than males. Characteristics signaling \u003Cspan class=\"italic\"\u003Ereproductive capacity\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E were valued more by males than by females. These sex differences may reflect different evolutionary selection pressures on human males and females; they provide powerful cross-cultural evidence of current sex differences in reproductive strategies. Discussion focuses on proximate mechanisms underlying mate preferences, consequences for human intrasexual competition, and the limitations of this study.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E",lang:cA}]},content:{html:"\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E",tableOfContent:[],footnotes:[],fulltextNotes:[],references:[{item:[],id:"reference-header-ghdxlg",title:"REFERENCES",description:a},{id:"manual_ref-1",displayNumber:a,existInContent:b,content:"\u003Cspan class=\"name\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"surname\"\u003EAlexander\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, \u003Cspan class=\"given-names\"\u003ER. 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and Sociobiology","1989","1987","unknown","1983","1984","Behavioral and Brain Sciences","1986","Journal of Personality and Social Psychology","1985","1","1979","1982","Cambridge University Press","1981","1980","9","1974","Evolutionary biology and human social behavior: An anthropological perspective","Psychosomatic Medicine","Sociobiology and psychology: Ideas, issues, and applications","1975","The descent of man and selection in relation to sex","Harvard University Press","American Sociological Review","Science","Sex and scientific inquiry","Sex differences in the brain: Progress in the brain research","Behavior Genetics","2","4","3","1978","1977","The evolution of social behavior","Heredity","1972","American Psychologist","American Scientist","47","1969","Social Biology","1973","Journal of Theoretical Biology","Campus values in mate selection","Nature","1976","Evolution","Sex differences in human mate preferences: Evolutionary hypotheses tested in 37 cultures","12","5","Darwinism and human affairs","Darwinism and haman affairs","Duxbury Press","7","45","Creativity and psychological health","Mate choice","Handbook of social psychology","Advances in experimental social psychology","Academic Press","Human reproductive behavior","Human reproductive behavior: A Darwinian perspective","Sexual selection: Testing the alternatives","Intimate relationships","Engagement and marriage","Dimensions of Darwinism","54","Evolved mechanisms","Yanomamo: The fierce people","Applied multiple regression\u002Fcorrelation analysis for the behavioral sciences","The latest on the best: Essays on evolution and optimality","MIT Press","Sex, evolution, and behavior","Homicide","On the origin of the species by means of natural selection, or preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life","Murray","The origin of species by means of natural selection","Zoonomia; or, the laws of organic life","Chimpanzee politics","18","Natural selection and social behavior","42","Perspectives in ethology","Sexual selcction and animal genitalia","Ethology: The biology of behavior","Evolved mechanisms in human behavior and culture","Medieval marriage: Two models from 12th-century France","The genetical theory of natural selection","The female orgasm: Psychology, physiology, fantasy","Basic Books","Natural selection and social behavior: Rccent research and new theory","Ecological aspects of evolution: Birds and mammals","Princeton University Press","Another unique species: Patterns in human evolutionary ecology","Patterns of sexual behavior","Human sociobiology","Anatomy","The triumph of the Darwinian method","The economy of nature and the evolution of sex","Statistical methods in education and psychology","The chimpanzees of the Combe","Psychological perspectives on population","The development of the family and marriage in Europe","Multidimensional data representations: When & why","Man and beast: Comparative social behavior","University of Chicago Press","A primer of multivariate statistics","The Tiwi of North Australia","Statistics","Culture's consequences: International differences in workrelated values","Sage Publications","The woman that never evolved","Animal conflict","Social behavior of female vertebrates","Who gets ahead? The determinants of economic success in America","British social attitudes","The biology of adolescence","Review of personality and social psychology: Sex and gender","Review of personality and social psychology","Sexual behavior in the human male","Experimental design: Procedures for the behavior sciences","Vaulting ambition: Sociobiology and the quest for human nature","Cross-cultural perspectives of mate-selection and marriage","Family structure and interaction: A comparative analysis","The elementary structures of kinship","Evolutionary biology and human social behavior","Genes, mind, and culture","The psychology of sex differences","Evolution and the theory of games","15","Evolution and the diversity of life: Selected essays","The growth of biological thought","Social psychology","Male and female","Man and woman, boy and girl","Social structure","Ethnographic atlas","Paths to marriage","Psychometric theory","Advances in human research and therapy","Women and men in society: Crosscultural perspectives on gender stratification","Behavioural ecology: An evolutionary approach","Behavioral genetics: A primer","Signs of the flesh: An essay on the evolution of hominid sexuality","1986 Taiwan-Fukien demographic fact book: Republic of China","Hormones and brain development: Developments in endocrinology","Darwin and after Darwin","The use and abuse of biology: An anthropological critique of sociobiology","Sibling relationships","Historical anthropology of the family","Time latest on time best: Essays on evolution and optimality","This view of Life","Sperm competition and the evolution of animal mating systems","Primate societies","Evolution amid learning","Time evolution of human sexuality","Approaches and paradigms in human sexuality","Sexual selection and the descent of man","Social evolution","Statistical abstract of the United States: 1987","1986 demographic yearbook","Contributions to the theory of natural selection","Essays upon heredity and kindred subjects","Animal societies: Theories and facts","The psychology of individual and group differences","Sex and evolution","Measuring sex stereotypes: A thirty- nation study","Sociobiology: The new synthesis","On human nature","Statistical principles in experimental design","Animal social behavior","Bridging the gaps: Social relationships in animals and people","The status of women in preindustrial societies","14",0,"33B3051C485F2A27AC91F4A9BA87E6A6","behavioral-and-brain-sciences","\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Fbehavioral-and-brain-sciences","\u002Fcore\u002Fjournals\u002Fbehavioral-and-brain-sciences\u002Fissue\u002FC35EAAA5D3F517F0AECD1A1D121B9B41","en","Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics","10.1146\u002Fannurev.es.05.110174.001545","Female age: Male preference and reproductive success in primates","International Journal of Primatology","10.1007\u002FBF02736394","Mood, sexuality, hormones, and the menstrual cycle. III. Sexuality and the role of androgens","10.1097\u002F00006842-198312000-00005","Intrasexual selection in Drosophila","1948","10.1038\u002Fhdy.1948.21","Relation between testosterone concentration, sex role identity, and personality among females","10.1037\u002F0022-3514.48.5.1218","Intrasexual selection and male mating strategies in baboons and macaques","International journal of Primatology","201","10.1007\u002FBF02743758","Societal complexity and familial complexity: Evidence for the curvilinear hypothesis","American Journal of Sociology","The meaning of assortative mating","191","10.1016\u002F0162-3095(83)90009-2","Evolutionary biology and personality psychology: Toward a conception of human nature and individual differences","39","10.1037\u002F0003-066X.39.10.1135","Human mate selection","73","51","Erlbaum","The evolution of human intrasexual competition: Tactics of mate attraction","From vigilance to violence: Tactics of mate retention in American undergraduates","10.1016\u002F0162-3095(88)90010-6","Preferences in human mate selection","50","10.1037\u002F0022-3514.50.3.559","Breeding behavior of the roadrunner Geococcyx californianus","Aux","1967","Measuring the physical in physical attractiveness: Quasi-experiments on the sociobiology of female beauty","10.1037\u002F0022-3514.50.5.925","Male sexual jealousy","11","10.1016\u002F0162-3095(82)90027-9","1859","Harper & Row","The ecology of mating systems in hypergynous dowry societies","Social Science Information","10.1177\u002F053901847901800201","Chiron Press","Human sociobiology: The first decade","New Scientist","10.4159\u002Fharvard.9780674330702","1970","Appearance and education in marriage mobility","10.2307\u002F2091961","Oxford University Press","Johns Hopkins University Press","Ecology, sexual selection, and the evolution of mating systems","10.1126\u002Fscience.327542","Mate selection in man: Evidence, theory and outcome","31","Clarendon Press","10.5962\u002Fbhl.title.27468","Mate guarding in a Caribbean village","28","10.1016\u002F0162-3095(88)90002-7","Paternal confidence and paternal investment: A cross-cultural test of a sociobiological hypothesis","University of California Press","Belknap Press","Evolution and the triumph of homology, or why history matters","60","10.1017\u002FCBO9780511607752","Eta, Disco, O Disco and F","Psychometrika","1964","10.1016\u002F0022-5193(64)90038-4","The moulding of senescence by natural selection","10.1016\u002F0022-5193(66)90184-6","1971","Journal of Home Economics","37","Campus values in mate selection: A replication","Journal of Marriage and the Family","10.2307\u002F349321","10.1007\u002F978-94-009-3145-9","Steroid 5-alpha-reductase deficiency in man: An inherited form of male pseudohermaphroditism","10.1126\u002Fscience.186.4170.1213","W. H. Freeman","Are man's and woman's brains really diflerent?","Canadian Psychology","10.1037\u002Fh0079885","1968","Pair formation in birds","Condor","10.2307\u002F1364160","Child abuse: The limits of sociobiology","17","10.1016\u002F0162-3095(81)90019-4","When a child dies: The sociobiology of bereavement","10.1037\u002F0022-3514.51.4.797","Precis of Genes, mind and culture","10.1017\u002FS0140525X00010128","The genetics and evolution of female choice","Trends In Ecology and Evolution","10.1016\u002F0169-5347(86)90056-X","Parental investment — a prospective analysis","Animal Behavior","The logic of animal conflict","How to carry out the adaptationist program","American Naturalist","10.1086\u002F284064","Social Forces","10.2307\u002F2573978","1949","Courtship feeding, egg-size and breeding success in common terms","McGraw-Hill","A sexual selection model for hominid evolution","Human Evolution","Women, science, and technology","10.1037\u002F0003-066X.39.10.1183","Sexual selection: The handicap principle does work — sometimes","Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B","123","Directional selection and the evolution of breeding date in birds","10.1126\u002Fscience.3363360","Androstenedione, testosterone, and free testosterone concentration in women of various occupations","179","Heritable variation in fitness as a prerequisite for adaptive female choice: The effect of mutation-selection balance","Studies of mental resemblance between husbands and wives and between friends","Psychological Bulletin","10.1037\u002Fh0063390","Intrasexual competition and mate choice in primtes","American journal of Primatology","10.1002\u002Fajp.1350030520","Physical attractiveness and the similarity of identical twins","10.1007\u002FBF01065997","Heredity and sociological theories of delinquency: A reconsideration","49","10.2307\u002F2095466","Genetic similarity, mate choice, and fecundity in humans","10.1016\u002F0162-3095(88)90025-8","Race differences in sexual behavior: Testing an evolutionary hypothesis","Journal of Research in Personality","10.1016\u002F0092-6566(87)90038-9","Genetic similarity theory, intelligence, and human mate choice","10.1016\u002F0162-3095(88)90004-0","Genetic similarity theory: A reply to Mealey and new evidence","Behaviour Genetics","10.1007\u002FBF01065453","Genetic similarity theory: Beyond kin selection","10.1007\u002FBF01065540","Evidence for genetic similarity detection in human marriage","6","10.1016\u002F0162-3095(85)90030-5","10.3998\u002Fmpub.20259","Sex chromosome anomalies, hormones, and aggressivity","Archives of General Psychiatry","41","99","10.1001\u002Farchpsyc.1984.01790120097012","10.1017\u002FCBO9780511621864","The role of androgen in tlse maintenance of sexual functioning in oophorectomized women","Androgen enhances sexual motivation in females: A prospective, crossover study of sex steroid administration in the surgical menopause","10.1097\u002F00006842-198507000-00004","Forcible rape: An evolutionary perspective","10.1016\u002F0162-3095(83)90026-2","The evolution of human reproduction","Proceedings of time Royal Society of London","Serum gonadotropin levels in Japanese women","Obstetrics and Gynecology","Anthropology and psychology: Towards an epidemiology of represemstations","Man","Assortative mating with respect to physical characteristics","Eugenics Quarterly","10.1080\u002F19485565.1968.9987763","The nature and causes of female suppression","Signs","10.1086\u002F493386","Précis of The evolution of human sexuality","A critique of Darwinian anthropology","The utility of education and attractiveness for femles' status attainment through marriage","10.2307\u002F2094255","Personality similarity in twins reared apart and together","10.1037\u002F0022-3514.54.6.1031","Human assortative mating and genetic equilibrium","10.1016\u002F0162-3095(80)90003-5","Human rape: An evolutionary analysis","Diploid models of the handicap principle","10.1038\u002Fhdy.1988.44","Evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture, part 1: Theoretical considerations","Psychological aspects of sexual inadequacy in women","Journal of Psychosomatic research","Benefits of being attractive: Differential payoffs for men and women","Psychological Reports","10.2466\u002Fpr0.1984.54.1.47","Assortative mating, or who marries whom?","10.1007\u002FBF01065686","Human inbreeding avoidance: Culture in nature","Subfertility among the very intelligent: An examination of the American Mensa","Personality and Individual Differences","10.1016\u002F0191-8869(84)90120-X","Sexual selection, social competition and speciation","Quarterly Review of Biology","Evolution causation: How proximate is ultimate","Pleiotropy, natural selection and the evolution of senescence","10.2307\u002F2406060"));</script><script src="/core/page-component/06cd607.js" defer></script><script src="/core/page-component/20147ec.js" defer></script><script src="/core/page-component/722ace3.js" defer></script><script 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