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<ul id="toc-Origin_and_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeological_aspects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeological_aspects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Archaeological aspects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeological_aspects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transformation_of_war_music_into_folk_music_and_dance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transformation_of_war_music_into_folk_music_and_dance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Transformation of war music into folk music and dance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transformation_of_war_music_into_folk_music_and_dance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymological_meaning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymological_meaning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Etymological meaning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymological_meaning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classical_form" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classical_form"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Classical form</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classical_form-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dance_form" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dance_form"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Dance form</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dance_form-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ghumura_in_folk_tradition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ghumura_in_folk_tradition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ghumura in folk tradition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ghumura_in_folk_tradition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development_and_spread" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_and_spread"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Development and spread</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_and_spread-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Ghumura</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghumura_dancer_India.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Ghumura_dancer_India.JPG/220px-Ghumura_dancer_India.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Ghumura_dancer_India.JPG/330px-Ghumura_dancer_India.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Ghumura_dancer_India.JPG/440px-Ghumura_dancer_India.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">An artist in traditional <i>ghumurā</i> attire</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Native name</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nickname" lang="or">ଘୁମୁରା</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Folk_dance" title="Folk dance">Folk dance</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>, India</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ghumura dance</b> is a folk dance of <a href="/wiki/Kalahandi_district" title="Kalahandi district">Kalahandi district</a> of the <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> state <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is classified as folk dance as the dress code of Ghumura resembles more like a tribal dance, but there are arguments about<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mudra and dance forms of Ghumura bearing more resemblance with other classical dance forms of India. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin_and_history">Origin and history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin and history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghumura_Dance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Ghumura_Dance.jpg/220px-Ghumura_Dance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Ghumura_Dance.jpg/330px-Ghumura_Dance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Ghumura_Dance.jpg/440px-Ghumura_Dance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="855" /></a><figcaption>Ghumura Dance during Odisha Tribal sports meet.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mythology">Mythology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beside historical evidence, the origin of Ghumura dance has taken into consideration of public views and myths. Based on myth, poet Shivam Bhasin Panda wrote <i>Ghumura Janma Bidhan</i> in 1954. Nandini Bhasin and Gaganeswar have also described a myth regarding origin of Ghumura, in which they described that Chandra Dhwaja has originally established the dance and later it was taken over a demon — Karttabirya Asura. </p><p>As per <i>Chandi Purana</i> Durga, the eternal deity of Shakti, asked all the Gods and Goddesses of heaven to lend their weapons, as instruments and conveyances to kill a demon king Mahisasur. One of the war-musical instruments collected was the Ghumura instrument that was formed by combination of a portion of Dambaru, a musical instrument of Lord Siva, and Veena of goddess Saraswati. </p><p>As per <i>Mahabharata</i>, Ghumura was used by Gods and Goddesses as a musical instrument during war. According to Sarala Mahabharata, during Satya Juga-Jenabali-Patana was the capital of the king Gogingh Daitya, grandson of Mahisasura. Many people accept that Mahisasura Jenabali-Patana of that age is the <a href="/wiki/Junagarh,_Kalahandi" title="Junagarh, Kalahandi">Junagarh</a> of today. However, in the Madhya Parba of Mahabharat, Ghumura has been mentioned with description about killing of Gosingh Daitya. <a href="/wiki/Sarala_Dasa" title="Sarala Dasa">Sarala Dasa</a> has also described it as the Rana-Badya (war music) of Mahisasura.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A few experts believed Ghumura was a war music (Rana-Badya) of <a href="/wiki/Ravana" title="Ravana">Ravana</a>, demon king of Lanka, and Lanka-garh. Goddess Lankeswari, the favorite goddess of Ravana, is worshiped in the region. According to them after Lanka was destroyed by Hanuman and after Ravana was killed, Goddess Lankeswari left Lanka and came to settle in Jenabali-Patana (now it is Junagarh, Kalahandi) where she is worshiped. </p><p>There are myths about the origin of Nishan and Tala. After building Chandrachuda Bindhani out of iron found from Bindhya Giri and covering its top with a skin of dead Bouta cow, it was inaugurated with Panchakshar-Mantra. Its parents Gaurab Gandharb and Urbasi called it Nishan. Likewise the Tala was created by a Saint-Kasyapa Risi. Nishan and Tala are considered as symbols of Radha-Krishna. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archaeological_aspects">Archaeological aspects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Archaeological aspects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaeological evidence proves<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that there are some cave painting from pre-historic period discovered from Gudahandi of <a href="/wiki/Kalahandi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalahandi">Kalahandi</a> and Yogi Matha of <a href="/wiki/Nuapada_district" title="Nuapada district">Nuapada district</a> that looks like Ghumura, Damru and other attractive things. These rock art sites belongs to more than 8000 B.C. and from such painting the antiquity of musical instrument Ghumura and Damru can be imagined. It is also proved that during mythological age, Kalahandi had prosperous and developed civilization. The origin of Ghumura goes back to ancient times. </p><p>There is a beautiful waterfall in the river valley of Indravati, which was initially recognized by Chindak Nagas of Chakrakot.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many believe that Ghumura dance originated from this river valley and gradually spread into the areas between Indravati and Mahanadi, indicating this dance form belongs to the 10th century A.D. On the other hand, analysts opine that 'Banka-Paika' of Kalampur had carried Lankeswari deity with a grand procession of Ghumura music to Junagarh in 1008 A.D. when the Naga dynasty shifted their old capital from Jugasaipatna to Junagarh.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The terracotta and stone objects found from medieval site in Nehena, 3 km from Khariar, resembles Ghumura object dated to the 9th and 10th centuries. In the 12th century A.D. Ghumura dance was already popular, which is evident from a scene of one person playing the instrument Ghumura in a stone-hole of Nritya Mandir of <a href="/wiki/Konark_Sun_Temple" title="Konark Sun Temple">Konark Sun Temple</a>. Bhimeswar temple in Bhubaneswar shows another scene of Ghumura dance reconfirming that origin of Ghumura dance was in the 10th century A.D.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dr Mahendra Kumar Mishra, a noted folklorist and ethnomusicologist of Kalahandi, has researched extensively on ethnography of Ghumra dance of kalahandi, which can be accessed in the website www.scribd.com. Dr Mishra has widely discussed on structure, function and socio-cultural context of Ghumra dance of Kalahandi adjoining Bastar and Chhatishgarh and part of Odisha in his well-researched book <i>Kalahandira Lokasanskruti</i> (1996) published by Freidns Publishers, Cuttack. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transformation_of_war_music_into_folk_music_and_dance">Transformation of war music into folk music and dance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Transformation of war music into folk music and dance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In mythological ages Ghumura was a favorite music instrument of Gods and Demons during war, which was followed in subsequent time as the heroic war music by successive kings and soldiers of Odisha, especially in Kalahandi. Many kings in the region such as <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ganga_dynasty" title="Eastern Ganga dynasty">Eastern Ganga dynasty</a> had well-organized soldiers with Ghumura as their primary war music.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During that period, the Ghumura song hadn't been composed nor sung. </p><p>Only its music and dance were being used during wartime to make the soldiers excited with the spirit of fighting. Later on the song was integrated with the music and dance of Ghumura, since it was regarded as the only medium of exercise for body building and entertainment during leisure time of Paikas or soldiers. During British rule, the Paikas were often inactive and used to get sufficient leisure time, for which the Ghumura was developed by them as a primary means of entertainment. </p><p>Afterwards poets and writers in general of Odisha and in particular of Kalahandi took initiatives to compose songs of Ghumura while writing about Devi bandana (hymns or prayer to deities), glory of dynasties and mythological studies. In this way Chanda-Chaupadis of poet Upendra Bhanja, Dinakrushna, Abhimanyu Samanta Singar, etc. gradually entered into Ghumura, which made it much more enchanting. As a result, common people living in the rural areas of Kalahandi became very attracted by this music, song and dance of Ghumura and formed many Ghumura groups to develop and spread. In this respect, the royal families of Bhawanipatna, Jayapatna, Madanpur Rampur, Khariar etc. also highly encouraged and helped these groups of village folk. </p><p>During religious and cultural festivals like 'Dasahara' many of these groups used to gather together on the altars of deities, e.g., Manikeswari of Bhawanipatna, Lankeswari of Jungarh, Raktambari of Khariar, Dakeshwari of Madanpur Rampur, Budha Raja of Ampani etc. However, for the distinctive recognition of the Ghumura group reform and development was made in the manner and nature of dress, painting, dance, music and song. While performing, the Ghumura dancers and singers of each group used to ask very complicated question related to socio-economic and political problems to their competent opposite group through the medium of the songs. This gave birth to the contemporary form of Ghumura-Ladhei or Badi-Ghumura in Kalahandi, which is very meaningful, attractive and enchanting.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymological_meaning">Etymological meaning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Etymological meaning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ghumura is an earthen pitcher and the imagination of the preparation of such pitcher into a musical instrument is a polygenetic development. 'Ghumura' is derived from 'Ghum+u+Ra'. 'Ghum' means bowl like pitcher made of soil or clay and having a thin face with big belly. 'U' means 'Lord Siva' and 'Ra' mean 'Raba' or 'Dhowni' (vibrating sound). Earthen clay pot is locally known as 'Ghumuri', which was largely used by females to reserve water for home use. The male version of 'Ghumuri' is 'Ghumura'. Since Ghumura is a male dance form and it is found in almost all parts of the human culture that equipment and appliances invented for human use have been the foundation to the invention of musical instruments, the derivation of name of Ghumura from 'Ghumuri' signifies such claim. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classical_form">Classical form</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Classical form"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Nrutta, Nrutya and Natya</li> <li>Nrutya</li> <li>Sangita (song)</li> <li>Tala and Laya</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dance_form">Dance form</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Dance form"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Circular Dance</li> <li>Circular or Semi-Circular Dance</li> <li>Triangular Dance</li> <li>Rectangular Dance</li> <li>Go Spada Dance: Cow Foot Dance</li> <li>Sheep Fighting Dance (Mesha Yudha Dance)</li> <li>Cross (Chaki) Dance</li> <li>Square Dance</li> <li>Go Chanda Dance</li> <li>Hen Fighting (Kakuta Yudha) Dance</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ghumura_in_folk_tradition">Ghumura in folk tradition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ghumura in folk tradition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Though Ghumura has been included in folk culture, it is a widespread dance in the <a href="/wiki/Kalahandi_district" title="Kalahandi district">Kalahandi</a> region. It is in unknown if in its early period whether it was a caste-based dance or not. By the time when Ghumura entered into the sphere of folk dance, above from the level of tribal dance, it was extensively performed by almost all castes and communities. Perhaps, Ghumura was a caste-based dance of a particular caste in its beginning and later on extended to different castes and communities. It was then widely accepted as a mass dance from folk dance. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development_and_spread">Development and spread</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Development and spread"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ghumura dance has had the opportunity to represent the nation in international events in Delhi, Moscow, and other places. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">K.B. Nayak, "Ghumura" Folk Dance-A Glory of Kalahandi, in <i>Tribal Dances of India</i>, edited by R.D. Tribhuwan, P.R. Tribhuwan, New Delhi, 1999, p. 79–89</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Loka Nutrya Ghumura, Edited by Parameswar Mund, Mahabir Sanskrutika Anusthan, June 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sarala Das, Chandi Purana, pp. 45 & 96</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Heroic Dance Ghumura, edited by Sanjay Kumar, Mahabir Sanskrutika, 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Epigraphica Indica, IX, p. 179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Girijhara, 1982, p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">K. Mishra, Utkal Itihas</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M. Sahu, Kalahandi Kala and Sanskruti, 1992m pp. 112–113</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dance_in_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dance_in_India" title="Template:Dance in India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dance_in_India" title="Template talk:Dance in India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dance_in_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dance in India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dance_in_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_India" title="Dance in India">Dance in India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perini_Sivatandavam" title="Perini Sivatandavam">Perini Sivatandavam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margamkali" title="Margamkali">Margamkali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koothu" title="Koothu">Koothu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parai_Attam" class="mw-redirect" title="Parai Attam">Parai Attam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theyyam" title="Theyyam">Theyyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veeranatyam" title="Veeranatyam">Veeranatyam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Classical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recognised</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathak" title="Kathak">Kathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathakali" title="Kathakali">Kathakali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipuri_dance" title="Manipuri dance">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohiniyattam" title="Mohiniyattam">Mohiniyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odissi" title="Odissi">Odissi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattriya" title="Sattriya">Sattriya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Natyam" title="Andhra Natyam">Andhra Natyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhau_dance" title="Chhau dance">Chhau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deknni" title="Deknni">Deknni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Nritya" title="Gaudiya Nritya">Gaudiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotipua" title="Gotipua">Gotipua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahari_dance" title="Mahari dance">Mahari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divine forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nataraja" title="Nataraja">Nataraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandava" title="Tandava">Tandava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasa_lila" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasa lila">Rasa lila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasya" title="Lasya">Lasya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_folk_dances" title="List of Indian folk dances">Folk</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_folk_dances" title="List of Indian folk dances">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alkap" title="Alkap">Alkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baagh_Naach" class="mw-redirect" title="Baagh Naach">Baagh Naach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagurumba" title="Bagurumba">Bagurumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardo_Chham" title="Bardo Chham">Bardo Chham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardwi_Sikhla" title="Bardwi Sikhla">Bardwi Sikhla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedara_Vesha" title="Bedara Vesha">Bedara Vesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhangra_(dance)" title="Bhangra (dance)">Bhangra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihu_dance" title="Bihu dance">Bihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bommalattam" title="Bommalattam">Bommalattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakyar_koothu" title="Chakyar koothu">Chakyar koothu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang_dance" title="Chang dance">Chang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang_Lo" title="Chang Lo">Chang Lo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheraw_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheraw dance">Cheraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chheih_Lam" title="Chheih Lam">Chheih Lam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chholiya" title="Chholiya">Chholiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corridinho" title="Corridinho">Corridinho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalkhai" title="Dalkhai">Dalkhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandiya_Raas" title="Dandiya Raas">Dandiya Raas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhalo" title="Dhalo">Dhalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhunuchi_Nritya" title="Dhunuchi Nritya">Dhunachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollu_Kunitha" title="Dollu Kunitha">Dollu Kunitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domkach" title="Domkach">Domkach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domni" title="Domni">Domni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duffmuttu" title="Duffmuttu">Duffmuttu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumhal" title="Dumhal">Dumhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fugdi" title="Fugdi">Fugdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garadi" title="Garadi">Garadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garba_(dance)" title="Garba (dance)">Garba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giddha" title="Giddha">Giddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghoomar" title="Ghoomar">Ghoomar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ghumura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gombhira" title="Gombhira">Gombhira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grida_dance" title="Grida dance">Grida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hojagiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Hojagiri">Hojagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulivesha" class="mw-redirect" title="Hulivesha">Hulivesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhijhiya" title="Jhijhiya">Jhijhiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhumar" title="Jhumar">Jhumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhumair" title="Jhumair">Jhumair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kachchhi_Ghodi_dance" title="Kachchhi Ghodi dance">Kachhi Ghodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalbelia" title="Kalbelia">Kalbelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakattam" title="Karakattam">Karakattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_Naach" title="Karma Naach">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keisabadi" title="Keisabadi">Keisabadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khual_Lam" title="Khual Lam">Khual Lam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikkli" title="Kikkli">Kikkli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolattam" title="Kolattam">Kolattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kummi" title="Kummi">Kummi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavani" title="Lavani">Lavani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahasua" class="mw-redirect" title="Lahasua">Lahasua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezim" title="Lezim">Lezim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maach" title="Maach">Maach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malwai_Giddha" title="Malwai Giddha">Malwai Giddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardana_Jhumair" class="mw-redirect" title="Mardana Jhumair">Mardana Jhumair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matki_Dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Matki Dance">Matki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayilattam" title="Mayilattam">Mayilattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mussoll" title="Mussoll">Mussoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacn%C4%AB" title="Nacnī">Nacnī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nati_(dance)" title="Nati (dance)">Nati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppana" title="Oppana">Oppana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyilattam" title="Oyilattam">Oyilattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paampu_attam" title="Paampu attam">Paampattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padayani" title="Padayani">Padayani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavri_Nach" title="Pavri Nach">Pavri Nach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phulpati_dance" title="Phulpati dance">Phulpati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poikkaal_Kuthirai_Aattam" title="Poikkaal Kuthirai Aattam">Poikkal Kuthiraiattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puli_Kali" title="Puli Kali">Puli Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puliyattam" title="Puliyattam">Puliyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasiya" title="Rasiya">Rasiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raut_Nacha" title="Raut Nacha">Raut Nacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saang" title="Saang">Saang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singhi_Chham" title="Singhi Chham">Singhi Chham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_dance" title="Sword dance">Sword dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertali" title="Tertali">Tertali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirayattam" title="Thirayattam">Thirayattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thitambu_Nritham" class="mw-redirect" title="Thitambu Nritham">Thitambu Nritham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tippani" title="Tippani">Tippani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veeragase" title="Veeragase">Veeragase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakshagana" title="Yakshagana">Yakshagana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindi_cinema#Song_and_dance" title="Hindi cinema">Hindi cinema song and dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi_dance_music" title="Hindi dance music">Hindi dance songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautch" title="Nautch">Nautch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abhinavabharati" title="Abhinavabharati">Abhinavabharati</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mudras_(dance)" title="List of mudras (dance)">Mudras</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By state</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dance_forms_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Dance forms of Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_dances_of_Assam" title="Folk dances of Assam">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_dances_of_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Traditional dances of Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_dance_forms_of_Odisha" title="Folk dance forms of Odisha">Odisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_dances_of_Punjab" title="Folk dances of Punjab">Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_forms_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Dance forms of Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dances_of_Tripura" title="Dances of Tripura">Tripura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accessories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghungroo" title="Ghungroo">Ghungroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silambu" title="Silambu">Silambu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Culture_of_Odisha" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Odia_culture" title="Template:Odia culture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Odia_culture" title="Template talk:Odia culture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Odia_culture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Odia culture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Culture_of_Odisha" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Odisha" title="Culture of Odisha">Culture of Odisha</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Classical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gotipua" title="Gotipua">Gotipua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahari_dance" title="Mahari dance">Mahari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odissi" title="Odissi">Odissi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Arts_of_Odisha" title="Arts of Odisha">Folk</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagha_Nacha" title="Bagha Nacha">Bagha Nacha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chadheia_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chadheia dance (page does not exist)">Chadheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaiti_ghoda" title="Chaiti ghoda">Chaiti ghoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhau_dance" title="Chhau dance">Chhau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chutkuchuta_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chutkuchuta dance (page does not exist)">Chutkuchuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalkhai" title="Dalkhai">Dalkhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danda_Nata" title="Danda Nata">Danda Nata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhan_koela_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhan koela dance (page does not exist)">Dhan Koela</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhuduki_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhuduki dance (page does not exist)">Dhuduki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghumura_Dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghumura Dance">Ghumura</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jhumar_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jhumar dance (page does not exist)">Jhumar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jodi_sankha_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jodi sankha dance (page does not exist)">Jodi sankha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_Naach" title="Karma Naach">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandhei_nacha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kandhei nacha (page does not exist)">Kandhei nacha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathi_Kandhei_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathi Kandhei dance (page does not exist)">Kathi Kandhei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keisabadi" title="Keisabadi">Keisabadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacn%C4%AB" title="Nacnī">Nachni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naga_nrutya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naga nrutya (page does not exist)">Naga nrutya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pala_(dance)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pala (dance) (page does not exist)">Pala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rasarkeli_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rasarkeli dance (page does not exist)">Rasarkeli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ranapa_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ranapa dance (page does not exist)">Ranapa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sambalpuri_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sambalpuri dance (page does not exist)">Sambalpuri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samprada_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samprada dance (page does not exist)">Samprada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laudi_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laudi dance (page does not exist)">Laudi nata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lankapodi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lankapodi (page does not exist)">Lankapodi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lila_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lila dance (page does not exist)">Lila</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamasa_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamasa dance (page does not exist)">Tamasa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasu_nrutya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pasu nrutya (page does not exist)">Pasu nrutya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patua_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patua dance (page does not exist)">Patua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sakhi_Nata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sakhi Nata (page does not exist)">Sakhi Nata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suanga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suanga (page does not exist)">Suanga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Tribal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Desia_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desia dance (page does not exist)">Desia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gadaba_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gadaba dance (page does not exist)">Gadaba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandha_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kandha dance (page does not exist)">Kandha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koya_dane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koya dane (page does not exist)">Koya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Onra_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Onra dance (page does not exist)">Onra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paraja_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paraja dance (page does not exist)">Paraja</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saura_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saura dance (page does not exist)">Saura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Odisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Odisha">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odissi_music" title="Odissi music">Odissi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanjani" title="Khanjani">Khanjani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kendara_gita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kendara gita (page does not exist)">Kendara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhumpa_sangita" title="Dhumpa sangita">Dhumpa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Play, theatre and<br />puppetry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Play and theatre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharata_Lila" title="Bharata Lila">Bharata Lila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasakathia" title="Dasakathia">Dasakathia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanu_Jatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhanu Jatra">Dhanu Jatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatra_(Odisha)" title="Jatra (Odisha)">Jatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prahallada_Nataka" title="Prahallada Nataka">Prahallada Nataka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Puppetry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ravana_chhaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Ravana chhaya">Ravana chhaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhi_kandhei" title="Sakhi kandhei">Sakhi kandhei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wedding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odia_Hindu_wedding" title="Odia Hindu wedding">Odia Hindu wedding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Festivals_of_Odisha" title="Festivals of Odisha">Festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bali_Jatra" title="Bali Jatra">Bali Jatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boita_Bandana" title="Boita Bandana">Boita Bandana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Deepabali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dola_Yatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Dola Yatra">Dola Jatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuakhai" title="Nuakhai">Nuakhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Gamha Purnima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharad_Purnima" title="Sharad Purnima">Kumar Purnima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manabasa_Gurubara" title="Manabasa Gurubara">Manabasa Gurubara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pana_Sankranti" title="Pana Sankranti">Pana Sankranti (Maha Vishuba Sankranti)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pousha_Purnima" title="Pousha Purnima">Pousha Purnima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prathamastami" title="Prathamastami">Prathamastami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratha_Yatra_(Puri)" title="Ratha Yatra (Puri)">Ratha Jatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_(festival)" title="Raja (festival)">Raja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_Dashami" title="Samba Dashami">Samba Dashami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savitri_Brata" class="mw-redirect" title="Savitri Brata">Savitri Brata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitalsasthi" title="Sitalsasthi">Sitalsasthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snana_Yatra" title="Snana Yatra">Snana Jatra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paika_akhada" title="Paika akhada">Paika akhada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Handlooms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baleswari_bandha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baleswari bandha (page does not exist)">Baleswari bandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berhampur_Patta" title="Berhampur Patta">Berhampuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomkai_sari" title="Bomkai sari">Bomkai (Sonepuri)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhalapathar_Parda_%26_Fabrics" title="Dhalapathar Parda & Fabrics">Dhalapathar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopalpur_Tussar_Fabrics" title="Gopalpur Tussar Fabrics">Gopalpur Tussar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habaspuri_sari" title="Habaspuri sari">Habaspuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotpad_Handloom_fabrics" title="Kotpad Handloom fabrics">Kotpad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Ikat" title="Odisha Ikat">Ikat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasapali_sari" title="Pasapali sari">Pasapali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambalpuri_sari" title="Sambalpuri sari">Sambalpuri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arts and<br />Handicrafts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pattachitra" title="Pattachitra">Pattachitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhoti_chita" title="Jhoti chita">Jhoti chita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saura_painting" title="Saura painting">Saura painting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idital" title="Idital">Idital</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Handicrafts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pipili_appliqu%C3%A9_work" title="Pipili appliqué work">Chandua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarakasi" title="Tarakasi">Tarakasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganjapa" title="Ganjapa">Ganjapa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clay_idols_of_Odisha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clay idols of Odisha (page does not exist)">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_carving_in_Odisha" title="Stone carving in Odisha">Stoneworks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wooden_crafts_of_Odisha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wooden crafts of Odisha (page does not exist)">Wooden crafts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bell_metal_%26_Bronze_works_of_Odisha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bell metal & Bronze works of Odisha (page does not exist)">Bronze & Bell metal works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhokra" title="Dhokra">Dhokra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalinga_architecture" title="Kalinga architecture">Kalinga architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deula" title="Deula">Deula</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Calendar (<a href="/wiki/Panjika" title="Panjika">Panjika</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odia_calendar" title="Odia calendar">Odia calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anka_year" title="Anka year">Anka year</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Odia_culture" title="Category:Odia culture">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Western_Odisha" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Western_Odisha" title="Template:Western Odisha"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Western_Odisha" title="Template talk:Western Odisha"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Western_Odisha" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Western Odisha"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Western_Odisha" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Western_Odisha" title="Western Odisha">Western Odisha</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balangir_district" title="Balangir district">Balangir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargarh_district" title="Bargarh district">Bargarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boudh_district" title="Boudh district">Boudh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debagarh_district" title="Debagarh district">Debagarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharsuguda_district" title="Jharsuguda district">Jharsuguda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuapada_district" title="Nuapada district">Nuapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambalpur_district" title="Sambalpur district">Sambalpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subarnapur_district" title="Subarnapur district">Subarnapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundergarh_district" title="Sundergarh district">Sundargarh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biju_Patnaik_University_of_Technology" title="Biju Patnaik University of Technology">BPUT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Technology,_Rourkela" title="National Institute of Technology, Rourkela">NIT Rourkela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_College_Balangir" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajendra College Balangir">Rajendra College Balangir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambalpur_University" title="Sambalpur University">Sambalpur University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veer_Surendra_Sai_University_of_Technology,_Burla" class="mw-redirect" title="Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla">VSSUT, Burla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Odisha_Development_Council%E2%80%93sponsored_medical_colleges" title="Western Odisha Development Council–sponsored medical colleges">WODC Medical Colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangadhar_Meher_University" title="Gangadhar Meher University">Gangadhar Meher University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Management,_Sambalpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Institute of Management, Sambalpur">IIM Sambalpur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable Persons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atal_Bihari_Panda" title="Atal Bihari Panda">Atal Bihari Panda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagirathi_Nepak" title="Bhagirathi Nepak">Bhagirathi Nepak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhima_Bhoi" title="Bhima Bhoi">Bhima Bhoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangadhar_Meher" title="Gangadhar Meher">Gangadhar Meher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haldhar_Nag" title="Haldhar Nag">Haldhar Nag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jitamitra_Prasad_Singh_Deo" title="Jitamitra Prasad Singh Deo">Jitamitra Prasad Singh Deo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nila_Madhab_Panda" title="Nila Madhab Panda">Nila Madhab Panda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabyasachi_Mohapatra" title="Sabyasachi Mohapatra">Sabyasachi Mohapatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadhu_Meher" title="Sadhu Meher">Sadhu Meher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarat_Pujari" title="Sarat Pujari">Sarat Pujari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarbeswar_Bhoi" title="Sarbeswar Bhoi">Sarbeswar Bhoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veer_Surendra_Sai" title="Veer Surendra Sai">Veer Surendra Sai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Temples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosaleswara_temple" title="Kosaleswara temple">Kosaleswara temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lankeswari_Temple" title="Lankeswari Temple">Lankeswari Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaleswari_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Samaleswari Temple">Samaleswari Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasisena_Temple" title="Sasisena Temple">Sasisena Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sureswari_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Sureswari Temple">Sureswari Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Leaning_Temple_of_Huma" class="mw-redirect" title="The Leaning Temple of Huma">The Leaning Temple of Huma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indravati_River" title="Indravati River">Indravati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanadi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahanadi River">Mahanadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankh_River" title="Sankh River">Sankh River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture, Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhanu_Jatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhanu Jatra">Dhanu Jatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghumura_Dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghumura Dance">Ghumura Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiuntia" title="Jiuntia">Jiuntia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalasi_Jatra" title="Kalasi Jatra">Kalasi Jatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balangir_Lok_Mahotsav" title="Balangir Lok Mahotsav">Balangir Lok Mahotsav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanka_Podi" title="Lanka Podi">Lanka Podi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuakhai" title="Nuakhai">Nuakhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pousha_Purnima" title="Pousha Purnima">Pousha Purnima(Puspuni)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitalsasthi" title="Sitalsasthi">Sitalsasthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulia_Jatra" title="Sulia Jatra">Sulia Jatra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art and Craft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pasapali_Sari" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasapali Sari">Pasapali Sari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambalpuri_Saree" class="mw-redirect" title="Sambalpuri Saree">Sambalpuri Saree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonepuri_Sari" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonepuri Sari">Sonepuri Sari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainmennt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhukha" title="Bhukha">Bhukha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangabati" title="Rangabati">Rangabati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambalpuri_cinema" title="Sambalpuri cinema">Sambalpuri cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambalpuri_drama" title="Sambalpuri drama">Sambalpuri drama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&oldid=1130931748">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghumura_dance&oldid=1130931748</a>"</div></div> 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