CINXE.COM

Internet Archive Scholar – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="pt" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Internet Archive Scholar – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )ptwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","janeiro","fevereiro","março","abril","maio","junho","julho","agosto","setembro","outubro","novembro","dezembro"],"wgRequestId":"1c2427df-399d-491e-971a-6aa9a1cfabfe","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Internet_Archive_Scholar","wgTitle":"Internet Archive Scholar","wgCurRevisionId":66246817,"wgRevisionId":66246817,"wgArticleId":7037300,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["!Artigos que utilizam P571","!Artigos que utilizam P31","!Artigos que utilizam P856","!Artigos que utilizam P154","!Artigos sem imagens","Internet Archive","Bases de dados bibliográficas","Publicação acadêmica"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"pt","wgPageContentLanguage":"pt","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Internet_Archive_Scholar","wgRelevantArticleId":7037300,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true, "wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"pt","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"pt"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":2000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q115667709","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":true, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.30"};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.FeedbackHighlight-base":"ready","ext.gadget.keepPDU":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.Topicon","ext.gadget.Metacaixa","ext.gadget.TitleRewrite","ext.gadget.ElementosOcultaveis","ext.gadget.FeedbackHighlight", "ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.NewVillagePump","ext.gadget.wikibugs","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.requestForAdminship","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.PagesForDeletion","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","oojs-ui.styles.icons-media","oojs-ui-core.icons","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=pt&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=pt&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=pt&amp;modules=ext.gadget.FeedbackHighlight-base%2CkeepPDU&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=pt&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Scholar-vaporwave-logo.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="578"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Scholar-vaporwave-logo.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="385"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="308"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Internet Archive Scholar – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//pt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive_Scholar"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Editar" href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipédia (pt)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//pt.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive_Scholar"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="&#039;&#039;Feed&#039;&#039; Atom Wikipédia" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Mudan%C3%A7as_recentes&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Internet_Archive_Scholar rootpage-Internet_Archive_Scholar skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Saltar para o conteúdo</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="&#039;&#039;Site&#039;&#039;"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegação </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:P%C3%A1gina_principal" title="Visitar a página principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Página principal</span></a></li><li id="n-featuredcontent" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Conte%C3%BAdo_destacado"><span>Conteúdo destacado</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Eventos_atuais" title="Informação temática sobre eventos atuais"><span>Eventos atuais</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Esplanada"><span>Esplanada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Aleat%C3%B3ria" title="Carregar página aleatória [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Página aleatória</span></a></li><li id="n-portals" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%C3%8Dndice"><span>Portais</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Informe_um_erro"><span>Informar um erro</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Colaboração </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-welcome" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Boas-vindas"><span>Boas-vindas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:P%C3%A1gina_principal" title="Um local reservado para auxílio."><span>Ajuda</span></a></li><li id="n-Páginas-de-testes-públicas" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:P%C3%A1gina_de_testes"><span>Páginas de testes públicas</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Portal_comunit%C3%A1rio" title="Sobre o projeto"><span>Portal comunitário</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mudan%C3%A7as_recentes" title="Uma lista de mudanças recentes nesta wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Mudanças recentes</span></a></li><li id="n-maintenance" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Manuten%C3%A7%C3%A3o"><span>Manutenção</span></a></li><li id="n-createpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Guia_de_edi%C3%A7%C3%A3o/Como_come%C3%A7ar_uma_p%C3%A1gina"><span>Criar página</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_novas"><span>Páginas novas</span></a></li><li id="n-contact-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Contato"><span>Contato</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipédia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-pt.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Pesquisar" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Pesquisar na Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Busca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Pesquisar na Wikipédia" aria-label="Pesquisar na Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Pesquisar na Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Pesquisar"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Pesquisar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Ferramentas pessoais"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeto"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspeto" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspeto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=20120521SB001&amp;uselang=pt" class=""><span>Donativos</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Criar_conta&amp;returnto=Internet+Archive+Scholar" title="É encorajado a criar uma conta e iniciar sessão; no entanto, não é obrigatório" class=""><span>Criar uma conta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Entrar&amp;returnto=Internet+Archive+Scholar" title="Aconselhamos-lhe a criar uma conta na Wikipédia, embora tal não seja obrigatório. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Entrar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Mais opções" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas pessoais" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas pessoais</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu do utilizador" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=20120521SB001&amp;uselang=pt"><span>Donativos</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Criar_conta&amp;returnto=Internet+Archive+Scholar" title="É encorajado a criar uma conta e iniciar sessão; no entanto, não é obrigatório"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Criar uma conta</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Entrar&amp;returnto=Internet+Archive+Scholar" title="Aconselhamos-lhe a criar uma conta na Wikipédia, embora tal não seja obrigatório. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Entrar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Páginas para editores sem sessão iniciada <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introduction" aria-label="Saiba mais sobre edição"><span>saber mais</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Minhas_contribui%C3%A7%C3%B5es" title="Uma lista de edições feitas a partir deste endereço IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribuições</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Minha_discuss%C3%A3o" title="Discussão sobre edições feitas a partir deste endereço IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eocultar\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="&#039;&#039;Site&#039;&#039;"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Conteúdo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Conteúdo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Referências" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Internet Archive Scholar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 2 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-2" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">2 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive_Scholar" title="Internet Archive Scholar — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Internet Archive Scholar" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive_Scholar" title="Internet Archive Scholar — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Internet Archive Scholar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q115667709#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive_Scholar" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discuss%C3%A3o:Internet_Archive_Scholar" rel="discussion" title="Discussão sobre o conteúdo da página [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mudar a variante da língua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">português</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistas"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive_Scholar"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;veaction=edit" title="Editar esta página [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar código-fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;action=history" title="Edições anteriores desta página. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mais opções" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Operações </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive_Scholar"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;veaction=edit" title="Editar esta página [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar código-fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;action=history"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Geral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_afluentes/Internet_Archive_Scholar" title="Lista de todas as páginas que contêm hiperligações para esta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Páginas afluentes</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Altera%C3%A7%C3%B5es_relacionadas/Internet_Archive_Scholar" rel="nofollow" title="Mudanças recentes nas páginas para as quais esta contém hiperligações [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Alterações relacionadas</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Carregar_ficheiro" title="Carregar ficheiros [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Carregar ficheiro</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_especiais" title="Lista de páginas especiais [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Páginas especiais</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;oldid=66246817" title="Hiperligação permanente para esta revisão desta página"><span>Hiperligação permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;action=info" title="Mais informações sobre esta página"><span>Informações da página</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&amp;page=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;id=66246817&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informação sobre como citar esta página"><span>Citar esta página</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FInternet_Archive_Scholar"><span>Obter URL encurtado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FInternet_Archive_Scholar"><span>Descarregar código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Livro&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Internet+Archive+Scholar"><span>Criar um livro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Descarregar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;printable=yes" title="Versão para impressão desta página [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versão para impressão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Noutros projetos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q115667709" title="Hiperligação para o elemento do repositório de dados [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspeto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><div class="infobox_v2" style="font-size:88%"><div class="topo padrao" style="background-color:#323996;color:#FFF;border:none;font-size:1.3em;*padding:12px 0;text-align:center;width:100%;display:table;padding:0;*height:auto;height:45px"><div style="display:table-cell;padding:3px;vertical-align:middle">Internet Archive Scholar</div></div><div><div class="image" style="justify-content:space-around;text-align:center;display:flex;padding:2px 0;align-items:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Scholar-vaporwave-logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="upright=!Artigos sem imagens"><img alt="upright=!Artigos sem imagens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Scholar-vaporwave-logo.png/220px-Scholar-vaporwave-logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Scholar-vaporwave-logo.png/330px-Scholar-vaporwave-logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Scholar-vaporwave-logo.png/440px-Scholar-vaporwave-logo.png 2x" data-file-width="467" data-file-height="225" /></a></span></div></div><table><caption style="background-color:#323996;color:#FFF;font-weight:bolder;width:23em;text-align:center;max-width:300px;word-wrap:break-word;margin:0 0 5px 0;line-height:1.5">História</caption><tbody><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Fundação</th><td><div> <time datetime="2020" class="date-link"><a href="/wiki/2020" title="2020">2020</a></time></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#323996;color:#FFF;font-weight:bolder;width:23em;text-align:center;max-width:300px;word-wrap:break-word;margin:0 0 5px 0;line-height:1.5">Quadro profissional</caption><tbody><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Tipo</th><td><div> <a href="/wiki/Base_de_dados_bibliogr%C3%A1fica" title="Base de dados bibliográfica">base de dados bibliográfica</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Motor_de_busca" title="Motor de busca">motor de busca</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#323996;color:#FFF;font-weight:bolder;width:23em;text-align:center;max-width:300px;word-wrap:break-word;margin:0 0 5px 0;line-height:1.5">Organização</caption><tbody><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Website</th><td><div> <abbr class="abbr indicador-lingua" title="Língua : inglês">(en)</abbr>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.archive.org/">scholar.archive.org</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar noprint bordered" style="border-bottom:0;margin-top:5px;display:block;margin-bottom:-0.125em;border-width:1px;border-top:1px solid #323996"><span class="plainlinks" style="text-align:left;width:23em"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=0">editar</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=0">editar código-fonte</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115667709" class="extiw" title="d:Q115667709">editar Wikidata</a></span><span style="text-align:right;float:right"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Info/Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o/Wikidata" title="Documentação da predefinição"><img alt="Documentação da predefinição" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></p></div> <p>O <b>Internet Archive Scholar</b> é um navegador acadêmico criado pelo <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a> em <a href="/wiki/2020" title="2020">2020</a>, possuia então cerca de 25 milhões de <a href="/wiki/Artigo_cient%C3%ADfico" title="Artigo científico">artigos científicos</a> com <a href="/wiki/Livre_acesso" class="mw-redirect" title="Livre acesso">livre acesso</a> ao texto. O material é recolhido de três formas diferentes - conteúdo identificado pelo <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, pela <a href="/wiki/Digitaliza%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Digitalização">digitalização</a> de material e o envio por parte de usuários e coleções de instituições parceiras.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openculture.com/2020/09/internet-archive-scholar.html">«The Internet Archive Will Digitize &amp; Preserve Millions of Academic Articles with Its New Database, "Internet Archive Scholar<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>»</a>. <i>Open Culture</i>. 22 de setembro de 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 2 de janeiro de 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive+Scholar&amp;rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+Will+Digitize+%26+Preserve+Millions+of+Academic+Articles+with+Its+New+Database%2C+%22Internet+Archive+Scholar%22&amp;rft.date=2020-09-22&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Open+Culture&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.openculture.com%2F2020%2F09%2Finternet-archive-scholar.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.illinoisstate.edu/2021/05/search-scholarly-works-preserved-by-the-internet-archive/">«Search scholarly works preserved by the Internet Archive»</a>. <i>Illinois State University</i>. 10 de maio de 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 2 de janeiro de 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive+Scholar&amp;rft.atitle=Search+scholarly+works+preserved+by+the+Internet+Archive&amp;rft.date=2021-05-10&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Illinois+State+University&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.illinoisstate.edu%2F2021%2F05%2Fsearch-scholarly-works-preserved-by-the-internet-archive%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wisblawg.law.wisc.edu/2021/03/10/internet-archive-scholar-a-new-search-index-for-scholarly-works-research-white-papers-conference-proceedings-pre-prints-reports-etc/">«Internet Archive Scholar, a New Search Index for Scholarly Works (Research &amp; White Papers, Conference Proceedings, Pre-prints, Reports, etc.)»</a>. <i>University of Wisconsin-Madison</i>. 10 de março de 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 2 de janeiro de 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive+Scholar&amp;rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+Scholar%2C+a+New+Search+Index+for+Scholarly+Works+%28Research+%26+White+Papers%2C+Conference+Proceedings%2C+Pre-prints%2C+Reports%2C+etc.%29&amp;rft.date=2021-03-10&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=University+of+Wisconsin-Madison&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwisblawg.law.wisc.edu%2F2021%2F03%2F10%2Finternet-archive-scholar-a-new-search-index-for-scholarly-works-research-white-papers-conference-proceedings-pre-prints-reports-etc%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Internet_Archive" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Internet_Archive" title="Predefinição:Internet Archive"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Internet_Archive&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Internet Archive (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Internet_Archive&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Internet_Archive" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projetos</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>PetaBox</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></li> <li>NASA Images</li> <li>Open Content Alliance</li> <li>Archive-It</li> <li>SFlan</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Internet Archive Scholar</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg/100px-Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg/150px-Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg/200px-Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="583" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colaboradores</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Alexandrina" title="Bibliotheca Alexandrina">Bibliotheca Alexandrina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_do_Congresso" title="Biblioteca do Congresso">Biblioteca do Congresso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_Heritage_Library" title="Biodiversity Heritage Library">Biodiversity Heritage Library</a></li> <li>Library Sloan Foundation</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pessoas</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Brewster Kahle</a></li> <li>David Rumsey</li> <li>Rick Prelinger</li> <li>Jason Scott</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Heritrix</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relacionados</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Panorama Ephemera</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Recorder:_The_Marion_Stokes_Project" title="Recorder: The Marion Stokes Project">Recorder: The Marion Stokes Project</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hachette_vs._Internet_Archive" title="Hachette vs. Internet Archive">Hachette vs. Internet Archive</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Página de categoria"><img alt="Página de categoria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/24px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/32px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Internet_Archive" title="Categoria:Internet Archive">Categoria principal</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Portal"><img alt="Portal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/16px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/24px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/32px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cultura" title="Portal:Cultura">Portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul class="noprint navigation-box" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-right: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; border-left: solid silver 1px; padding:3px; background-color: #F9F9F9; text-align: center; margin-top:10px; margin-left: 0; clear: both;"><li style="display: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap; margin: auto 1.5em"><span style="margin-right: 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg" title="Portal da ciência"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/25px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/38px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/50px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span> <span style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ci%C3%AAncia" title="Portal:Ciência">Portal da ciência</a></span></span></li> <li style="display: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap; margin: auto 1.5em"><span style="margin-right: 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Crystal_Clear_app_ktalkd.png" title="Portal das tecnologias de informação"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Crystal_Clear_app_ktalkd.png/25px-Crystal_Clear_app_ktalkd.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Crystal_Clear_app_ktalkd.png/38px-Crystal_Clear_app_ktalkd.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Crystal_Clear_app_ktalkd.png/50px-Crystal_Clear_app_ktalkd.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span> <span style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Tecnologias_de_informa%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Portal:Tecnologias de informação">Portal das tecnologias de informação</a></span></span></li> </ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐wnsvm Cached time: 20241122232905 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.378 seconds Real time usage: 0.618 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1986/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 26967/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 476/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 16/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4050/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.292/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5867494/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 35/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 562.372 1 -total 81.84% 460.242 1 Predefinição:Info/Organização/Wikidata 8.38% 47.129 1 Predefinição:Referências 7.06% 39.709 3 Predefinição:Citar_web 4.71% 26.482 1 Predefinição:Portal3 4.40% 24.749 1 Predefinição:Internet_Archive_navegação 4.35% 24.441 2 Predefinição:Portal3/Portais 3.77% 21.212 1 Predefinição:Navbox 1.26% 7.112 2 Predefinição:Icon 0.42% 2.340 2 Predefinição:Portal3/Suporte --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key ptwiki:pcache:idhash:7037300-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122232905 and revision id 66246817. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtida de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;oldid=66246817">https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;oldid=66246817</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Internet_Archive" title="Categoria:Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Bases_de_dados_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas" title="Categoria:Bases de dados bibliográficas">Bases de dados bibliográficas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Publica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_acad%C3%AAmica" title="Categoria:Publicação acadêmica">Publicação acadêmica</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorias ocultas: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!Artigos_que_utilizam_P571" title="Categoria:!Artigos que utilizam P571">!Artigos que utilizam P571</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!Artigos_que_utilizam_P31" title="Categoria:!Artigos que utilizam P31">!Artigos que utilizam P31</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!Artigos_que_utilizam_P856" title="Categoria:!Artigos que utilizam P856">!Artigos que utilizam P856</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!Artigos_que_utilizam_P154" title="Categoria:!Artigos que utilizam P154">!Artigos que utilizam P154</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!Artigos_sem_imagens" title="Categoria:!Artigos sem imagens">!Artigos sem imagens</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Esta página foi editada pela última vez às 01h32min de 13 de julho de 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Este texto é disponibilizado nos termos da licença <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt">Atribuição-CompartilhaIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-SA 4.0) da Creative Commons</a>; pode estar sujeito a condições adicionais. Para mais detalhes, consulte as <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">condições de utilização</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/pt-br">Política de privacidade</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Sobre">Sobre a Wikipédia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Aviso_geral">Avisos gerais</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Código de conduta</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Programadores</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/pt.wikipedia.org">Estatísticas</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Declaração sobre ''cookies''</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//pt.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive_Scholar&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Versão móvel</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-9nxpb","wgBackendResponseTime":156,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.378","walltime":"0.618","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1986,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":26967,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":476,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":16,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":4050,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":35,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 562.372 1 -total"," 81.84% 460.242 1 Predefinição:Info/Organização/Wikidata"," 8.38% 47.129 1 Predefinição:Referências"," 7.06% 39.709 3 Predefinição:Citar_web"," 4.71% 26.482 1 Predefinição:Portal3"," 4.40% 24.749 1 Predefinição:Internet_Archive_navegação"," 4.35% 24.441 2 Predefinição:Portal3/Portais"," 3.77% 21.212 1 Predefinição:Navbox"," 1.26% 7.112 2 Predefinição:Icon"," 0.42% 2.340 2 Predefinição:Portal3/Suporte"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.292","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5867494,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-wnsvm","timestamp":"20241122232905","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Internet Archive Scholar","url":"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Internet_Archive_Scholar","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q115667709","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q115667709","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contribuidores dos projetos da Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2023-01-03T18:24:08Z","dateModified":"2023-07-13T01:32:07Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e1\/Scholar-vaporwave-logo.png","headline":"Plataforma de livre acesso \u00e0 literatura acad\u00eamica"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10