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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-火四面體" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#火四面體"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>火四面體</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-火四面體-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关火四面體子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-火四面體-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-鏈式反應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#鏈式反應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>鏈式反應</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-鏈式反應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-應用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#應用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>應用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-應用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">火三角</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。22种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namal_a_Tolo_ko_tadimocokan" title="Namal a Tolo ko tadimocokan – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Namal a Tolo ko tadimocokan" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%84%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="مثلث النار – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مثلث النار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_del_foc" title="Triangle del foc – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Triangle del foc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandtrekanten" title="Brandtrekanten – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brandtrekanten" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbrennungsdreieck" title="Verbrennungsdreieck – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Verbrennungsdreieck" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CF%86%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Τρίγωνο της φωτιάς – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τρίγωνο της φωτιάς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_triangle" title="Fire triangle – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fire triangle" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%C3%A1ngulo_del_fuego" title="Triángulo del fuego – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Triángulo del fuego" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suaren_triangelu" title="Suaren triangelu – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Suaren triangelu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%84%D8%AB_%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4" title="مثلث آتش – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مثلث آتش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_du_feu" title="Triangle du feu – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Triangle du feu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangolo_del_fuoco" title="Triangolo del fuoco – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Triangolo del fuoco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branddriehoek" title="Branddriehoek – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Branddriehoek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%C3%A2ngulo_do_fogo" title="Triângulo do fogo – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Triângulo do fogo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triunghi_de_foc" title="Triunghi de foc – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Triunghi de foc" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Пожарный треугольник – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пожарный треугольник" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_triangle" title="Fire triangle – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fire triangle" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandtriangeln" title="Brandtriangeln – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Brandtriangeln" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தீ முக்கோணம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தீ முக்கோணம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/cyugal_hkuy_na_puniq" title="cyugal hkuy na puniq – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="cyugal hkuy na puniq" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbrandiengsdriehoek" title="Verbrandiengsdriehoek – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Verbrandiengsdriehoek" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92" title="火三角 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="火三角" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q910479#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" 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.ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2022年11月20日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%22">"火三角"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/File:Fire_triangle.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Fire_triangle.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="190" /></a><figcaption>「火三角」概念模型的圖示。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>火災三角形</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="英語">英語</a>：fire triangle）或<b>燃燒三角形</b>（英語：combustion triangle）是一個被用於理解大多數<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%81%BD" title="火災">火災</a>必要成分的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5" title="概念">概念</a>模型。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>它說明引發<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB" title="火">火</a>燃燒所需的三個要素：<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E9%87%8F" title="熱量">熱量</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%83%E6%96%99" title="燃料">燃料</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E7%87%83%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="可燃物">可燃物</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="氧化劑">氧化劑</a>（通常是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%B0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="氧氣">氧氣</a>）。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 當這些要素存在並以正確的方式組合時，火災自然會發生（該組合有時因此又被視為第四個要素/基本條件<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 藉由移除火災三角形中的任何一個要素，可以防止或撲滅火災。例如，以<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B2%E7%81%AB%E6%AF%AF" title="防火毯">防火毯</a>覆蓋火可以阻擋氧氣並撲滅火災。在需要<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E9%98%B2%E5%93%A1" title="消防員">消防員</a>介入的較大規模火災中，減少氧氣量通常不是一個選擇，因為沒有有效的方法可以在大範圍內實現這種條件。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>當燃料用盡，火便會自行熄滅。當然，亦可以人手或化學方式將燃料與火分隔，使之熄滅。將燃料隔開是滅火的主要方法，於撲滅山林大火時此點尤其重要。 </p><p>沒有足夠<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E9%87%8F" title="熱量">熱量</a>，就不能產生火及繼續燃燒。某幾類火可以灑水澆熄，因為以水澆火，水會轉化成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="水蒸氣">水蒸氣</a>，帶走[熱量。但要留意，某些火在遇水時會加劇燃燒或蔓延開去。將正在燃燒的燃料分開亦可有效降低熱量。<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%81%BD" title="火災">山林大火</a>時，已經著火的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%B9%E6%9C%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="樹木">樹木</a>會被隔開或移離火場，轉移到沒有其他<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E7%87%83%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="可燃物">可燃物</a>的地方。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="火四面體"><span id=".E7.81.AB.E5.9B.9B.E9.9D.A2.E9.AB.94"></span>火四面體</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：火四面體"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/File:Fire_tetrahedron.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Fire_tetrahedron.svg/270px-Fire_tetrahedron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Fire_tetrahedron.svg/405px-Fire_tetrahedron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Fire_tetrahedron.svg/540px-Fire_tetrahedron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="260" /></a><figcaption>火四面體</figcaption></figure> <p>不過隨著科學的發展，人們發現用燃燒三角形來表示「無火燄燃燒」是確切的；但對於「有火燄燃燒」，因為燃燒過程中存在未受抑制的分解物（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%9B%A2%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="游離基">游離基</a>）作為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E4%BD%93" class="mw-redirect" title="中间体">中間體</a>，作為<a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%88%E5%BC%8F%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鏈式反應">鏈式反應</a>。所以表示有火燄燃燒應增加一個必要條件──鏈式反應自由基，這樣就形成了燃燒四面體。 </p><p>可燃物在燃燒前會裂解為簡單的分子，分子中的共價鍵在外界因素（如光、熱）的影響下，裂解而成化學活性非常強的原子或原子團──稱為游離基。有氫原子、氧原子及<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A5%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="羥基">羥基</a>等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="鏈式反應"><span id=".E9.8F.88.E5.BC.8F.E5.8F.8D.E6.87.89"></span>鏈式反應</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：鏈式反應"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>大多數的有火燄燃燒都存在著鏈式反應。當某種可燃物受熱時，它不僅會氣化，而且該可燃物的分子還會發生<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E8%A3%82%E8%A7%A3" title="热裂解">熱裂解</a>作用，即它們在燃燒前會裂解為簡單分子，活性很強的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%9B%A2%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="游離基">游離基</a>。由於游離基是一種高度活潑的化學形態，能與其他的游離基及分子產生反應，而使燃燒持續下去，這就產生了燃燒的<a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%88%E5%BC%8F%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鏈式反應">鏈式反應</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="應用"><span id=".E6.87.89.E7.94.A8"></span>應用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：應用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>一場火災通過[燃燒過程，其化學反應使之<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="溫度">溫度</a>更高並能持續下去，傳統的「火三角」能應用在不少火災上，但如果火災涉及到<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="鋰">鋰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鎂">鎂</a>等活躍<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="金屬">金屬</a>的燃燒，清除「火四面體」中的化學反應<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="化學元素">元素</a>便能用得著，因單向此等<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB" title="火">火源</a>射水，會使化學反應加劇，不但不能降溫，反使火源溫度更高，甚至會發生爆炸，因水會使之引起<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E7%83%AD%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="放热反应">放熱反應</a>，釋出<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E7%87%83" class="mw-redirect" title="易燃">易燃</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E6%B0%A3" title="氫氣">氫氣</a>。因此，此等火災需以切斷燃燒的連鎖反應來撲滅。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%83%E7%83%A7" title="燃烧">燃烧</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB" title="火">火</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E9%98%B2" title="消防">消防</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%85%E7%81%AB%E7%AD%92" class="mw-redirect" title="滅火筒">滅火筒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="不活性氣體">不活性氣體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E7%81%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="山火">山火</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E7%87%83%E5%89%82" title="阻燃剂">阻燃劑</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hantsfire.gov.uk/kids/learn/firetriangle.html">The Fire Triangle</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120406211040/http://www.hantsfire.gov.uk/kids/learn/firetriangle.html">存檔</a>，存档日期2012-04-06., Hants Fire brigade, accessed June 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nps.gov/articles/wildlandfire-facts-fuel-heat-oxygen.htm">Wildland Fire Facts: There Must Be All Three</a>. National Park Service. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2018]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240615102547/https://www.nps.gov/articles/wildlandfire-facts-fuel-heat-oxygen.htm">存档</a>于2024-06-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&rft.atitle=Wildland+Fire+Facts%3A+There+Must+Be+All+Three&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Park+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Farticles%2Fwildlandfire-facts-fuel-heat-oxygen.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com.tw/books/edition/Ausbildung_der_Freiwilligen_Feuerwehren/DhYmPQAACAAJ?hl=zh-TW">Ausbildung der Freiwilligen Feuerwehren: Grundausbildung (Truppmann Teil 1), Ausbildungsdienst in der Feuerwehr (Truppmann Teil 2) : Lehrstoffblätter für die Ausbildung nach Ziffer 2.1.1 und 2.1.2 der Feuerwehr-Dienstvorschrift 2 und dem Lernzielkatalog Freiwillige Feuerwehr Baden-Württemberg</a>. Neckar-Verlag. 2005. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-7883-1964-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-7883-1964-9"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-3-7883-1964-9</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到德语网页">（德语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&rft.btitle=Ausbildung+der+Freiwilligen+Feuerwehren%3A+Grundausbildung+%28Truppmann+Teil+1%29%2C+Ausbildungsdienst+in+der+Feuerwehr+%28Truppmann+Teil+2%29+%3A+Lehrstoffbl%C3%A4tter+f%C3%BCr+die+Ausbildung+nach+Ziffer+2.1.1+und+2.1.2+der+Feuerwehr-Dienstvorschrift+2+und+dem+Lernzielkatalog+Freiwillige+Feuerwehr+Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-7883-1964-9&rft.pub=Neckar-Verlag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.tw%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FAusbildung_der_Freiwilligen_Feuerwehren%2FDhYmPQAACAAJ%3Fhl%3Dzh-TW&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ifsta; IFSTA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com.tw/books/edition/Essentials_of_Fire_Fighting/qgkFPwAACAAJ?hl=zh-TW">Essentials of Fire Fighting</a>. Pearson Education. 2008. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-13-502234-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-13-502234-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-13-502234-4</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&rft.au=IFSTA&rft.au=Ifsta&rft.btitle=Essentials+of+Fire+Fighting&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-13-502234-4&rft.pub=Pearson+Education&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.tw%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FEssentials_of_Fire_Fighting%2FqgkFPwAACAAJ%3Fhl%3Dzh-TW&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170214103404/https://www.firerescue1.com/fire-products/apparatus-accessories/articles/1206070-What-is-a-fire-triangle/">What is a fire illuminate shape? triangle</a>. FireRescue1. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-02-14</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.firerescue1.com/fire-products/apparatus-accessories/articles/1206070-What-is-a-fire-triangle/">原始内容</a>存档于2017-02-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&rft.atitle=What+is+a+fire+illuminate+shape%3F+triangle&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FireRescue1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.firerescue1.com%2Ffire-products%2Fapparatus-accessories%2Farticles%2F1206070-What-is-a-fire-triangle%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li>《消防安全大使訓練講義》<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%B6%88%E9%98%B2%E8%99%95" title="香港消防處">香港消防處</a>，2008年6月第十一版</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" 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