CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Ghulam Abbas Shah</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Ghulam Abbas Shah"> <meta name="keywords" content="Ghulam Abbas Shah"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Ghulam Abbas Shah" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Ghulam Abbas Shah"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 608</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Ghulam Abbas Shah</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">608</span> Energy Efficient Clustering with Reliable and Load-Balanced Multipath Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alamgir%20Naushad">Alamgir Naushad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas"> Ghulam Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shehzad%20Ali%20Shah"> Shehzad Ali Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziaul%20Haq%20Abbas"> Ziaul Haq Abbas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unlike conventional networks, it is particularly challenging to manage resources efficiently in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) due to their inherent characteristics, such as dynamic network topology and limited bandwidth and battery power. To ensure energy efficiency, this paper presents a routing protocol for WSNs, namely, Enhanced Hybrid Multipath Routing (EHMR), which employs hierarchical clustering and proposes a next hop selection mechanism between nodes according to a maximum residual energy metric together with a minimum hop count. Load-balancing of data traffic over multiple paths is achieved for a better packet delivery ratio and low latency rate. Reliability is ensured in terms of higher data rate and lower end-to-end delay. EHMR also enhances the fast-failure recovery mechanism to recover a failed path. Simulation results demonstrate that EHMR achieves a higher packet delivery ratio, reduced energy consumption per-packet delivery, lower end-to-end latency, and reduced effect of data rate on packet delivery ratio when compared with eminent WSN routing protocols. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load-balancing" title=" load-balancing"> load-balancing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20clustering" title=" hierarchical clustering"> hierarchical clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multipath%20routing" title=" multipath routing"> multipath routing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20networks" title=" wireless sensor networks"> wireless sensor networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169528/energy-efficient-clustering-with-reliable-and-load-balanced-multipath-routing-for-wireless-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">607</span> Infestation of Aphid on Wheat Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae) and Its Possible Management with Naturally Existing Beneficial Fauna</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas">Ghulam Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ikramul%20Haq"> Ikramul Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Ghouse"> Ghulam Ghouse</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae) is the major source of the staple food for a number of countries of the world including Pakistan. Since it is the staple food of the country, it has been desired, and efforts have been made, that it does not undergo application of pesticides to ensure the food safety. Luckily, wheat does not face a serious threat of insect pests, in ecological conditions of Pakistan, except aphids and armyworm which infest the wheat prior to maturity. It has been observed that almost 5 species of aphid have been reported to attack wheat ie. Ropalosiphum maidi, R. Padi, Schizaphis graminum, Diuraphis noxia, and Sitibion miscanthi but due to natural rise in temperature in terminal season of wheat, the population of aphid gradually decreases and wheat has a safe escape from its infestation. In case, mild temperatures 15ºC to 30ºC prolong, the infestation of aphids also prolongs and it can severely damage wheat in patches, and it has potential to substantially reduce the yield of wheat in infested patch. In years 2013, 2014, and 2015 the studies were undertaken to determine the potential of damage caused by aphid complex in 10 fields in infested patches. The damage caused by aphid complex was calculated on the basis of 1000 grain weight of wheat grains taken from the infested patch and were compared with 1000 grain weight of the healthy plants of the same fields. It was observed that there was 26 to 42% decrease in the weight of grain in infested patches. This patch also escaped from general harvesting by combine harvester and enhanced the loss 13 to 46%. The quality of the wheat straw was also reduced and its acceptance to the animals was also affected up to 50 to 100%. Moreover, the population of naturally existing beneficial fauna was recorded and factors promoting establishment and manipulation of beneficial fauna were studied and analysed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Triticum%20aestivum" title="Triticum aestivum">Triticum aestivum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title=" wheat"> wheat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beneficial%20fauna" title=" beneficial fauna"> beneficial fauna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aphid%20complex" title=" aphid complex"> aphid complex</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29383/infestation-of-aphid-on-wheat-triticum-aestivum-l-poaceae-and-its-possible-management-with-naturally-existing-beneficial-fauna" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29383.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">606</span> Organic Fertilizers Mitigate Microplastics Toxicity in Agricultural Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah">Ghulam Abbas Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maqsood%20Sadiq"> Maqsood Sadiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahsan%20Yasin"> Ahsan Yasin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Massive global plastic production, combined with poor degradation and recycling, leads to significant environmental pollution from microplastics, whose effects on plants in the soil remain understudied. Besides, effective mitigation strategies and their impact on ammonia (NH₃) emissions under varying fertilizer management practices remains sketchy. Therefore, the objectives of the study were (i) to determine the impact of organic fertilizers on the toxicity of microplastics in sorghum and physicochemical characteristics of microplastics-contaminated soil and (ii) to assess the impacts of these fertilizers on NH₃ emissions from this soil. A field experiment was conducted using sorghum as a test crop. Treatments were: (i) Control (C), (ii) Microplastics (MP), (iii) Inorganic fertilizer (IF), (iv) MPIF, (v) Farmyard manure (FM), (vi) MPFM, (vii) Biochar (BC), and (viii) MPBC, arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Microplastics of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were applied at a rate of 1.5 tons ha-¹, and all fertilizers were applied at the recommended dose of 90 kg N ha-¹. Soil sampling was done before sowing and after harvesting the sorghum, with samples analyzed for chemical properties and microbial biomass. Crop growth and yield attributes were measured. In a parallel pot experiment, NH₃ emissions were measured using passive flux samplers over 72 hours following the application of treatments similar to those used in the field experiment. Application of MPFM, MPBC and MPIF reduced soil mineral nitrogen by 8, 20 and 38% compared to their sole treatments, respectively. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) was reduced by 19, 25 and 59% in MPIF, MPBC and MPFM as compared to their sole application, respectively. Similarly, the respective reduction in microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) was 10, 27 and 66%. The toxicity of microplastics was mitigated by MPFM and MPBC, each with only a 5% reduction in grain yield of sorghum relative to their sole treatments. The differences in nitrogen uptake between BC vs. MPBC, FM vs. MPFM, and IF vs. MPIF were 8, 10, and 12 kg N ha-¹, respectively, indicating that organic fertilizers mitigate microplastic toxicity in the soil. NH₃ emission was reduced by 5, 11 and 20% after application of MPFM, MPBC and MPIF than their sole treatments, respectively. The study concludes that organic fertilizers such as FM and BC can effectively mitigate the toxicity of microplastics in soil, leading to improved crop growth and yield. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microplastics" title="microplastics">microplastics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20characteristics" title=" soil characteristics"> soil characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20n%20uptake" title=" crop n uptake"> crop n uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochar" title=" biochar"> biochar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NH%E2%82%83%20emissions" title=" NH₃ emissions"> NH₃ emissions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186649/organic-fertilizers-mitigate-microplastics-toxicity-in-agricultural-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">605</span> Heavy Metal Distribution in Tissues of Two Commercially Important Fish Species, Euryglossa orientalis and Psettodes erumei</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Khoshnood">Reza Khoshnood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Khoshnood"> Zahra Khoshnood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Hajinajaf"> Ali Hajinajaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Fahim"> Farzad Fahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behdokht%20Hajinajaf"> Behdokht Hajinajaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Fahim"> Farhad Fahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2013, 24 fish samples were taken from two fishery regions in Bandar-Abbas and Bandar-Lengeh, the fishing grounds north of Hormoz Strait (Persian Gulf) near the Iranian coastline. The two flat fishes were oriental sole (Euryglossa orientalis) and deep flounder (Psettodes erumei). Using the ROPME method (MOOPAM) for chemical digestion, Cd concentration was measured with a nonflame atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique. The average concentration of Cd in the edible muscle tissue of deep flounder was measured in Bandar-Abbas and was found to be 0.15±.06 µg g-1. It was 0.1±.05 µg.g-1 in Bandar-Lengeh. The corresponding values for oriental sole were 0.2±0.13 and 0.13±0.11 µg.g-1. The average concentration of Cd in the liver tissue of deep flounder in Bandar-Abbas was 0.22±.05 µg g-1 and that in Bandar-Lengeh was 0.2±0.04 µg.g-1. The values for oriental sole were 0.31±0.09 and 0.24±0.13 µg g-1 in Bandar-Abbas and Bandar-Lengeh, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trace%20metal" title="trace metal">trace metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Euryglossa%20orientalis" title=" Euryglossa orientalis"> Euryglossa orientalis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Psettodes%20erumei" title=" Psettodes erumei"> Psettodes erumei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Persian%20Gulf" title=" Persian Gulf"> Persian Gulf</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13876/heavy-metal-distribution-in-tissues-of-two-commercially-important-fish-species-euryglossa-orientalis-and-psettodes-erumei" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13876.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">669</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">604</span> Mercury Detection in Two Fishes from the Persian Gulf</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Khoshnood">Zahra Khoshnood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Kazaie"> Mehdi Kazaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajedeh%20Neisi"> Sajedeh Neisi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2013, 24 fish samples were taken from two fishery regions in the north of Persian Gulf near the Iranian coastal lines. The two flatfishes were Yellofin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) and Longtail tuna (Thannus tonggol). We analyzed total Hg concentration of liver and muscle tissues by Mercury Analyzer (model LECO AMA 254). The average concentration of total Hg in edible Muscle tissue of deep-Flounder was measured in Bandar-Abbas and was found to be 18.92 and it was 10.19 µg.g-1 in Bandar-Lengeh. The corresponding values for Oriental sole were 8.47 and 0.08 µg.g-1. The average concentration of Hg in liver tissue of deep-Flounder, in Bandar-Abbas was 25.49 and that in Bandar-Lengeh was 12.52 µg.g-1.the values for Oriental sole were 11.88 and 3.2 µg.g-1 in Bandar-Abbas and Bandar-Lengeh, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercury" title="mercury">mercury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acanthopagrus%20latus" title=" Acanthopagrus latus"> Acanthopagrus latus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thannus%20tonggol" title=" Thannus tonggol"> Thannus tonggol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Persian%20Gulf" title=" Persian Gulf "> Persian Gulf </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14674/mercury-detection-in-two-fishes-from-the-persian-gulf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14674.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">603</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">603</span> What Lies Beneath: Kanti Shah’s Children of Midnight</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vibhushan%20Subba">Vibhushan Subba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> B-movies are almost always ‘glanced over’, ‘swept beneath’, ‘hidden from’ and ‘locked away’ to live a secret life; a life that exists but enjoys only a mummified existence behind layers of protective covering. They are more often than not discarded as ‘trash’, ‘sleaze’, ‘porn’ and put down for their ‘bad taste’ or at least that has been the case in India. With the art film entering the realm of high art, the popular and the mainstream has been increasingly equated with the A grade Bollywood film. This leaves the B-movie to survive as a degraded cultural artifact on the fringes of the mainstream. Kanti Shah’s films are part of a secret, traversing the libidinal circuits of the B and C grade through history. His films still circulate like a corporeal reminder of the forbidden and that which is taboo, like a hidden fracture that threatens to split open bourgeois respectability. Seeking to find answers to an aesthetic that has been rejected and hidden, this paper looks at three films of Kanti Shah to see how the notion of taboo, censorship and the unseen coincide, how they operate in the domain of his cinema and try and understand a form that draws our attention to the subterranean forces at work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B-movies" title="B-movies">B-movies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trash" title=" trash"> trash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taboo" title=" taboo"> taboo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=censorship" title=" censorship"> censorship</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8522/what-lies-beneath-kanti-shahs-children-of-midnight" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">602</span> Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Some Selected Dye-Functionalized P and N-Type Nanoparticles in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arifa%20Batool">Arifa Batool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Hussain%20Bhatti"> Ghulam Hussain Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Mujtaba%20Shah"> Syed Mujtaba Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inorganic n-type (TiO2, CdO) and p-type (NiO, CuO) metal oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by a facile wet chemical method at room temperature. The morphological, compositional, structural and optical properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD analysis, UV/Visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. All semiconducting nanoparticles were photosensitized with Ru (II) based Z907 dye in ethanol solvent by grafting. Grafting of dye on the surface of nanoparticles was confirmed by UV/Visible and FT-IR spectroscopy. The synthesized photo-active nanohybrid was thoroughly blended with P3HT, a solid electrolyte and I-V measurements under solar stimulated radiations 1000 W/m2 (AM 1.5) were recorded. Maximum incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of 0.9% was achieved with dye functionalized Z907-TiO2 hybrid, IPCE of 0.72% was achieved with bulk-heterojunction of TiO2-Z907-CuO and IPCE of 0.68% was attained with nanocomposite of TiO2-CdO. TiO2 based Solar cells have maximum Jscvalue i.e.4.63 mA/cm2. Dye-functionalized TiO2-based photovoltaic devices were found more efficient than the reference device but the morphology of the device was a major check in progress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20cell" title="solar cell">solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20heterojunction" title=" bulk heterojunction"> bulk heterojunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposites" title=" nanocomposites"> nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photosensitization" title=" photosensitization"> photosensitization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye%20sensitized%20solar%20cell" title=" dye sensitized solar cell"> dye sensitized solar cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73329/synthesis-characterization-and-applications-of-some-selected-dye-functionalized-p-and-n-type-nanoparticles-in-dye-sensitized-solar-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">601</span> Carbon@NiCoFeS Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants via Peroxymonosulfate Activation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raqiqa%20Tur%20Rasool">Raqiqa Tur Rasool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Ashraf"> Ghulam Abbas Ashraf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents the synthesis and application of Carbon@NiCoFeS nanoparticles as a photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants through peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. The Carbon@NiCoFeS nanoparticles, synthesized via a hydrothermal method, exhibit a highly crystalline and uniformly distributed nanostructure, as confirmed by XRD, SEM, TEM, and FTIR analyses. The photocatalytic performance was tested using ibuprofen (IBU) as a model pollutant under visible light, demonstrating remarkable efficiency across various conditions, including different concentrations of photocatalyst and PMS and a range of pH values. The enhanced activity is attributed to the synergistic effects of Ni, Co, and Fe, promoting effective electron-hole separation and reactive radical generation, primarily SO4•− and •OH. Quenching experiments highlighted sulfate radicals' predominant role in the degradation process. The Carbon@NiCoFeS photocatalyst also showed excellent reusability and stability over multiple cycles, and its versatility in degrading various organic pollutants underscores its potential for practical wastewater treatment applications. This research offers significant insights into multi-metal sulfide photocatalyst design, showcasing Carbon@NiCoFeS nanoparticles' promising role in environmental remediation via efficient PMS activation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NiCoFeS%20nanoparticles" title="NiCoFeS nanoparticles">NiCoFeS nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalytic%20degradation" title=" photocatalytic degradation"> photocatalytic degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroxymonosulfate%20activation" title=" peroxymonosulfate activation"> peroxymonosulfate activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20pollutant%20removal" title=" organic pollutant removal"> organic pollutant removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186862/carbon-at-nicofes-nanoparticles-for-photocatalytic-degradation-of-organic-pollutants-via-peroxymonosulfate-activation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">47</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">600</span> Resilience in Children: A Comparative Analysis between Children with and without Parental Supervision Bandar Abbas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Taghinejad">N. Taghinejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Dortaj"> F. Dortaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Khodabandeh"> N. Khodabandeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aimed at comparing resilience among male and female children with and without parental supervision in Bandar Abbas. The sample consists of 200 subjects selected through cluster sampling. The research method was comparative causal and Conner and Davidson’s questionnaire form resilience was used for data collection. Results indicated that there is no difference between children with and without parental supervision regarding their resilience capacity. These findings may be challenging and useful for psychologists, officials of children’s affairs and legislators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience" title="resilience">resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children "> children </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20with%20parental%20supervision" title="children with parental supervision">children with parental supervision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20without%20parental%20supervision" title=" children without parental supervision"> children without parental supervision</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44988/resilience-in-children-a-comparative-analysis-between-children-with-and-without-parental-supervision-bandar-abbas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">599</span> Sufism as Therapy of Terrorism and Extremism with Special Reference to the Teaching of Khawaja Ghulam Fareed and Bulleh Shah</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arshad%20Munir">Arshad Munir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naseem%20Akhtar"> Naseem Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The determination of the Sufi is to effort towards unity. His main purpose is to bring humanity, separated as it is into so many different units, closer together in the deeper understanding of life. His mission is to bring about brotherhood among races, nations and faiths and to respect one another's faith, scripture and teacher. Sufi is to confer sympathy on these lives, to impart love, compassion and kindheartedness on all creations. The Sufi message is the resonance of the same Divine message which has always come and will always come to inform humanity. It is the continuation of all the pronounced religions which have come at several times and it is amalgamation of them all, which was the wish of all the prophets. Pakistan, who came into being in the name of Islam unfortunately, have linked with terrorism. It is a disgrace that in contemporary day Pakistan, mullahism and the recent cancer of Talibanisation are gradually eating into what had kept us integral as a society. Terrorism has grown-up to develop a prime safety pressure to the area. The terrorism has deadly caused decrease in overseas and local investment, exports, physical infrastructure, and wealth stock ultimately leading to damage of the socio-economic status of Pakistan. Main reasons are ignorance about the actual teaching of Islam both by Muslim and non-Muslim, exploitation by the religious and political influential, sectarianism and extremism, lack of tolerance and broadmindedness and reaction and retortion by the sufferer. The key treatment and therapy of the abovementioned illnesses exist in the messages of Sufism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sufism" title="sufism">sufism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=love" title=" love"> love</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorism" title=" terrorism"> terrorism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49849/sufism-as-therapy-of-terrorism-and-extremism-with-special-reference-to-the-teaching-of-khawaja-ghulam-fareed-and-bulleh-shah" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">598</span> Peptide Aptasensor for Electrochemical Detection of Rheumatoid Arthritis </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shah%20Abbas">Shah Abbas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic, inflammatory autoimmune disease, affecting an overall 1% of the global population. Despite being tremendous efforts by scientists, early diagnosis of RA still has not been achieved. In the current study, a Graphene oxide (GO) based electrochemical sensor has been developed for early diagnosis of RA through Cyclic voltammetry. Chitosan (CHI), a CPnatural polymer has also been incorporated along with GO in order to enhance the biocompatibility and functionalization potential of the biosensor. CCPs are known antigens for Anti Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies (ACPAs) which can be detected in serum even 14 years before the appearance of symptoms, thus they are believed to be an ideal target for the early diagnosis of RA. This study has yielded some promising results regarding the binding and detection of ACPAs through changes in the electrochemical properties of biosensing material. The cyclic voltammogram of this biosensor reflects the binding of ACPAs to the biosensor surface, due to its shifts observed in the current flow (cathodic current) as compared to the when no ACPAs bind as it is absent in RA negative patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheumatoid%20arthritis" title="rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peptide%20sensor" title=" peptide sensor"> peptide sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20oxide" title=" graphene oxide"> graphene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti%20citrullinated%20peptide%20antibodies" title=" anti citrullinated peptide antibodies"> anti citrullinated peptide antibodies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20voltammetry" title=" cyclic voltammetry"> cyclic voltammetry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125129/peptide-aptasensor-for-electrochemical-detection-of-rheumatoid-arthritis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">597</span> Optimization of Catalyst Parameters to Get Chlorine Free Bimetallic Catalysts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noreen%20Sajjad%20Ghulam%20Hussain">Noreen Sajjad Ghulam Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Catalysts are prepared by simple physical mixing and thermal treatment of support and metal acetate precursors.The effect of metal ratio and metal loading to produce highly active catalyst for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol are studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalyst" title="catalyst">catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acetates" title=" acetates"> acetates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benzyl%20alcohols" title=" benzyl alcohols "> benzyl alcohols </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1867/optimization-of-catalyst-parameters-to-get-chlorine-free-bimetallic-catalysts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1867.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">596</span> A Study on Effect of Almahdi Aluminium Factory of Bandar Abbas on Environment Status of the Region with an Emphasis on Measuring of Some Scarce Metals Existing in the Air (Atmosphere)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Ehsanpour">Maryam Ehsanpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Malekpour"> Maryam Malekpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rastin%20Afkhami"> Rastin Afkhami </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today, industry is one of the indices of growth and development of countries and is a suitable applicable criterion to compare the countries. Bandar Abbas has a high industrial centralization in term of geographical redundancy of industries in comparison with other rural and urban places of Hormozgan province. Most important and major industries of the province are located in Bandar abbas eighth refinery, power plant, zinc melting company, Almahdi Aluminium, Hormozgan steel, south steel, which are the most important of these industries. So, it is necessary to study pollution from these industries and their destructive effects on environment of region. In respect of these things, general purpose of this research is codling and presenting managing solution of Almahdi Aluminium factory in them of measuring of air (atmosphere) parameters. For gaining this purpose it is necessary to determine measure of heavy metals suspension in the air (atmosphere) in the neighborhood of industries and also in residential regions close to them as partial purposes. So, for achieving the purposes above, operation of sampling from the air in two hot and cold seasons of the year (2010-2011) was performed, after field reviews to recognize the sources of effluence and to choose place of sampling stations. Sampling and preparation way to read was based on EPA and NIOSH. Also, decreasing process was included Fe>Al>Cd>Pb>Ni respectively, in term of results gaining from sampling of ingredients existing in the air (atmosphere). Also Ni and Fe elements in samples of air were higher than permissive measure in both of cold and hot season. Average of these two metals was 34% and 33% in cold season and 44% and 34% micrograms/m3 in hot season. Finally, suitable managing solutions to improve existing situation is presented in term for all results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Almahdi%20aluminium%20factory" title="Almahdi aluminium factory">Almahdi aluminium factory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bandar%20Abbas" title=" Bandar Abbas"> Bandar Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scarce%20metals" title=" scarce metals"> scarce metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atmosphere" title=" atmosphere"> atmosphere</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15037/a-study-on-effect-of-almahdi-aluminium-factory-of-bandar-abbas-on-environment-status-of-the-region-with-an-emphasis-on-measuring-of-some-scarce-metals-existing-in-the-air-atmosphere" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">586</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">595</span> Measure Determination and Zoning of Oil Pollution (TPH) on ‎Costal Sediments of Bandar Abbas (Hormoz Strait) ‎</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Ehsanpour">Maryam Ehsanpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Afkhami%20%E2%80%8E"> Majid Afkhami ‎ </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the presence of hydrocarbon pollution in industrial waste water sediments found in west coast of Bandar Abass (northern part of Hormoz strait). Therefore, six transects from west of the city were selected. Each transect consists of three stations intervals 100, 600 and 1100 meter from the low tide were sampled in both the summer and winter season (July and January 2009). Physical and chemical parameters of water, concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and soil tissue deposition were evaluated according to standard procedures of MOOPAM. Average results of dissolved oxygen were 6.42 mg/l, temperature 26.31°C, pH 8.55, EC 54.47 ms/cm and salinity 35.98 g/l respectively. Results indicate that minimum, maximum and average concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in sediments were, 60.18, 751.83, and 229.21 µg/kg respectively which are less than comparable studies in other parts of Persian Gulf. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20pollution" title="oil pollution">oil pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bandar%20Abbas" title=" Bandar Abbas"> Bandar Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=costal%20sediments" title=" costal sediments"> costal sediments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TPH%20%E2%80%8E" title=" TPH ‎"> TPH ‎</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13330/measure-determination-and-zoning-of-oil-pollution-tph-on-costal-sediments-of-bandar-abbas-hormoz-strait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13330.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">718</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">594</span> Anticoccidial Activity of Vitis venifera Extract on Oocysts of Different Eimeria Species of Chicken</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asghar%20Abbas">Asghar Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rao%20Zahid%20Abbas"> Rao Zahid Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asif%20Raza"> Muhammad Asif Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kashif%20Hussain"> Kashif Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current experiment, in vitro anticoccidial potential of Vitis venifera (grape seed) extract was evaluated. For this purpose, an in vitro sporulation inhibition assay was used. Collected oocysts of different Eimeria species of chicken were exposed to six different concentrations (w/v) of Vitis venifera extract (TAE) in 10% dimethylsulphoxide solution (DMSO). Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and potassium dichromate solution (K₂Cr₂O₇) served as control groups. Results of the study revealed that Vitis venifera extract (TAE) showed an inhibitory effect on sporulation (%) and damage (%) of Eimeria oocysts in a dose-dependent manner as compared to both control groups. Vitis venifera extract also damaged the morphology of oocysts in terms of shape, size, and number of sporocysts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitis%20venifera" title="Vitis venifera">Vitis venifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro" title=" in vitro"> in vitro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eimeria" title=" Eimeria"> Eimeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oocysts" title=" oocysts"> oocysts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106941/anticoccidial-activity-of-vitis-venifera-extract-on-oocysts-of-different-eimeria-species-of-chicken" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">593</span> Khiaban (the Street) as an Ancient Percept of the Iranian Urban Landscape: An Aesthetic Reading of Lalehzar Street, the First Modern Khiaban in Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Atashinbar">Mohammad Atashinbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lalehzar was one of the main streets in central Tehran in late Qajar and 1st Pahlavi (1880-1940) and a center of attention for the government. It was a natural walk during the last decade of the reign of Nasser al-Din Shah (1880-1895). However, this street lost its prosperity status under the 2nd Pahlavi and evolved from a modern cultural street to a commercial corridor. Lalehzar's decline was the result of the immigration of the upper class from the inner city to the northern part and the consequent transfer of amenities and luxury goods with them. It seems that during Lalehzar's six decades of prosperity, this khiâbân has received an aesthetic look, which has made it enjoyable and appreciated by Tehran’s people. Various post-revolutionary urban management measures have been taken to revive Lalehzar and improve the quality of its urban life. Since the beginning of the Safavid era, the khiâbân was accompanied by the concept of urban space, and its characteristics are explained by referring to the main axis of the Persian Garden with rows of trees, streams, and a line of flowers on both sides. The construction of a street inside the city as an urban space benefits from a mental concept as a spiritual and exciting space, especially in common forms in the Persian Garden. Before that, the khiâbân was a religious and mythical concept, and we can even say that the mastery of this concept led to its appearance in the garden. In Tehran, Lalehzar Street is a gateway to modernity. The aesthetic changes in Lalehzar Street, inspired by Nasser al-Din Shah's journey to Europe around 1870, coinciding with the changes in architectural and urban landscape movements around the world between 1880 and 1940. The Shah is impressed by the modernist urbanism and, in particular, the Champs-Élysées in Paris. A tree-lined promenade with the hallmarks of the Persian Garden is familiar to Nasser al-Din Shah's mental image of beauty. In its state of mind, the main axis of the Persian Garden has the characteristics of a promenade. Therefore, the origins of the aesthetic of Lalehzar Street come from the aesthetics of the khiâbân. Admitting that the Champs-Élysées served as a model for Lalehzar, it seems that the Shah wanted to associate the Champs-Élysées with Lalehzar and highlight its landscape aspects by building this street. Depending on whether the percepts have their own aesthetic, this proposal seeks to analyze the aesthetic evolutions of the khiâbân as a percept towards the street as a component of the urban landscape in Lalehzar. The research attempts to review the aesthetic aspects of Lalehzar between 1880-1940 by using iconographic analysis, based on the available historical data, to find the leading aesthetics principles of this street. The aesthetic view to Lalehzar as an artwork is one of the main achievements of this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lalehzar" title="Lalehzar">Lalehzar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aesthetics" title=" aesthetics"> aesthetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percept" title=" percept"> percept</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tehran" title=" Tehran"> Tehran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street" title=" street"> street</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135964/khiaban-the-street-as-an-ancient-percept-of-the-iranian-urban-landscape-an-aesthetic-reading-of-lalehzar-street-the-first-modern-khiaban-in-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">592</span> Formulation Development and Evaluation of Floating Tablets of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gajera%20Lalit">Gajera Lalit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shah%20Pranav"> Shah Pranav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shah%20Shailesh"> Shah Shailesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Venlafaxine hydrochloride has a short elimination half-life of 5 ± 2 hr, and absorption window in the upper part of gastrointestinal tract. The conventional tablets need to be administered two to three times a day and possess an oral bioavailability of 45%. The purpose of this study was to formulate gastroretentive effervescent floating tablets of Venlafaxine HCl. Different grades of HPMC namely K15M, K4M, K100M and E15LV were employed as swelling polymers whereas sodium bicarbonate was employed as gas generating agent. The direct compression method was employed for the formulation of tablets. The tablets were evaluated in terms of hardness, friability, weight variation, drug content, water uptake, in-vitro floating behavior and in-vitro drug release study. All the formulations exhibited very short floating lag time of < 1 min and total floating time of 12 hr. Formulation L3 containing 25 mg and 75 mg of HPMC E15 LV and HPMC K15M respectively exhibited complete drug release within 12 hrs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=venlafaxine%20HCl" title="venlafaxine HCl">venlafaxine HCl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroxyl%20propyl%20methylcellulose" title=" hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose"> hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floating%20gastro%20retentive%20tablets" title=" floating gastro retentive tablets"> floating gastro retentive tablets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-vitro%20drug%20release" title=" in-vitro drug release"> in-vitro drug release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-fickian%20diffusion" title=" non-fickian diffusion"> non-fickian diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16234/formulation-development-and-evaluation-of-floating-tablets-of-venlafaxine-hydrochloride" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">543</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">591</span> Wastes of Oil Drilling: Treatment Techniques and Their Effectiveness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Hadj%20Abbas">Abbas Hadj Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hacini%20%20Massaoud"> Hacini Massaoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiad%20Lahcen"> Aiad Lahcen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Hassi-Messoud’s oil industry, the systems which are water based (WBM) are generally used for drilling in the first phase. For the rest of the well, the oil mud systems are employed (OBM). In the field of oil exploration, panoply of chemical products is employed in the drilling fluids formulation. These components of different natures and whose toxicity and biodegradability are of ill-defined parameters are; however, thrown into nature. In addition to the hydrocarbon (HC, such as diesel) which is a major constituent of oil based mud, we also can notice spills as well as a variety of other products and additives on the drilling sites. These wastes are usually stored in places called (crud wastes). These may cause major problems to the ecosystem. To treat these wastes, we have considered two methods which are: solidification/ stabilization (chemical) and thermal. So that we can evaluate the techniques of treatment, a series of analyses are performed on dozens of specimens of wastes before treatment. After that, and on the basis of our analyses of wastes, we opted for diagnostic treatments of pollution before and after solidification and stabilization. Finally, we have done some analyses before and after the thermal treatment to check the efficiency of the methods followed in the study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastes%20treatment" title="wastes treatment">wastes treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20oil%20pollution" title=" the oil pollution"> the oil pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20norms" title=" the norms"> the norms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastes%20drilling" title=" wastes drilling"> wastes drilling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52890/wastes-of-oil-drilling-treatment-techniques-and-their-effectiveness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52890.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">590</span> Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in High School Students in Bandar Abbas, Iran: An Application of the Trans-Theoretical Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aghamolaei%20Teamur">Aghamolaei Teamur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hosseini%20Zahra"> Hosseini Zahra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghanbarnejad%20Amin"> Ghanbarnejad Amin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: A diet rich in fruits and vegetables, especially for adolescents is of a great importance due to the need for nutrients and the rapid growth of this age group. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between decisional balance and self-efficacy with stages of change for fruit and vegetable consumption in high school students in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, the data were collected from 345 students studying in 8 high schools of Bandar Abbas were selected through multistage sampling. To collect data, separate questionnaires were designed for evaluating each of the variables including the stages of change, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy of fruit and vegetable consumption. Decisional balance was estimated by subtracting the perceived benefits and barriers. The data were analyzed using SPSS19 and one-way ANOVA. Results: The results of this study indicated that individuals’ progress along the stages of change from pre-contemplation to maintenance level was associated with a significant increase in their decisional balance and self-efficacy for fruit and vegetable consumption. (P < 0.001). The lowest level of decisional balance and self-efficacy regarding for fruit showed up in the pre-contemplation stage, and the highest level of decisional balance and self-efficacy was in the maintenance stage. The same trends were observed in the case of vegetable consumption. Conclusion: Decisional balance and self-efficacy should be considered in designing interventions to increase consumption of fruits and vegetables. There needs to be more emphasis in educational programs based on the Trans-theoretical Model (TTM) on the enhancement of perceived benefits and elimination of perceived barriers regarding consumption of fruits and vegetables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fruit" title="fruit">fruit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetable" title=" vegetable"> vegetable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20balance" title=" decision balance"> decision balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-efficacy" title=" self-efficacy"> self-efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trans-theoretical%20model" title=" trans-theoretical model"> trans-theoretical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71214/fruit-and-vegetable-consumption-in-high-school-students-in-bandar-abbas-iran-an-application-of-the-trans-theoretical-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71214.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">589</span> Cardiac Rehabilitation Program and Health-Related Quality of Life; A Randomized Control Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zia%20Ul%20Haq">Zia Ul Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleem%20Muhammad"> Saleem Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naeem%20Ullah"> Naeem Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Shah"> Abbas Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Shah"> Abdullah Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pakistan being the developing country is facing double burden of communicable and non-communicable disease. The aspect of secondary prevention of ischemic heart disease in developing countries is the dire need for public health specialists, clinicians and policy makers. There is some evidence that psychotherapeutic measures, including psychotherapy, recreation, exercise and stress management training have positive impact on secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases but there are some contradictory findings as well. Cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) has not yet fully implemented in Pakistan. Psychological, physical and specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes needs assessment with respect to its practicality, effectiveness, and success. Objectives: To determine the effect of cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures of post MI patients compared to the usual care. Hypothesis: Post MI patients who receive the interventions (CRP) will have better HRQoL as compared to those who receive the usual cares. Methods: The randomized control trial was conducted at a Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit of Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), Peshawar. LRH is the biggest hospital of the Province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). A total 206 participants who had recent first myocardial infarction were inducted in the study. Participants were randomly allocated into two group i.e. usual care group (UCG) and cardiac rehabilitation group (CRG) by permuted-block randomization (PBR) method. CRP was conducted in CRG in two phases. Three HRQoL outcomes i.e. general health questionnaire (GHQ), self-rated health (SRH) and MacNew quality of life after myocardial infarction (MacNew QLMI) were assessed at baseline and follow-up visits among both groups. Data were entered and analyzed by appropriate statistical test in STATA version 12. Results: A total of 195 participants were assessed at the follow-up period due to lost-to-follow-up. The mean age of the participants was 53.66 + 8.3 years. Males were dominant in both groups i.e. 150 (76.92%). Regarding educational status, majority of the participants were illiterate in both groups i.e. 128 (65.64%). Surprisingly, there were 139 (71.28%) who were non-smoker on the whole. The comorbid status was positive in 120 (61.54%) among all the patients. The SRH at follow-up among UCG and CRG was 4.06 (95% CI: 3.93, 4.19) and 2.36 (95% CI: 2.2, 2.52) respectively (p<0.001). GHQ at the follow-up of UCG and CRG was 20.91 (95% CI: 18.83, 21.97) and 7.43 (95% CI: 6.59, 8.27) respectively (p<0.001). The MacNew QLMI at follow-up of UCG and CRG was 3.82 (95% CI: 3.7, 3.94) and 5.62 (95% CI: 5.5, 5.74) respectively (p<0.001). All the HRQoL measures showed strongly significant improvement in the CRG at follow-up period. Conclusion: HRQOL improved in post MI patients after comprehensive CRP. Education of the patients and their supervision is needed when they are involved in their rehabilitation activities. It is concluded that establishing CRP in cardiac units, recruiting post-discharged MI patients and offering them CRP does not impose high costs and can result in significant improvement in HRQoL measures. Trial registration no: ACTRN12617000832370 <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiovascular%20diseases" title="cardiovascular diseases">cardiovascular diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiac%20rehabilitation" title=" cardiac rehabilitation"> cardiac rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health-related%20quality%20of%20life" title=" health-related quality of life"> health-related quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HRQoL" title=" HRQoL"> HRQoL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=myocardial%20infarction" title=" myocardial infarction"> myocardial infarction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QoL" title=" QoL"> QoL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=randomized%20control%20trial" title=" randomized control trial"> randomized control trial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76787/cardiac-rehabilitation-program-and-health-related-quality-of-life-a-randomized-control-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76787.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">227</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">588</span> Comparison of Marital Conflict Resolution Procedures and Parenting Styles between Nurses with Fixed and Rotating Shifts in Public Hospitals of Bandar Abbas, Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Abdolvahab%20Samavi">S. Abdolvahab Samavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kobra%20Hajializadeh"> Kobra Hajializadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Abdolhadi%20Samavi"> S. Abdolhadi Samavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nursing is a critical work that that can effect on the health of the society. A parenting style is a psychological construct demonstrating standard policies that parents use in their child rearing. The quality of parenting is more critical than the quantity spend with the child. Also, marital Conflict resolution is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of conflict between couples. Both of these variables were affected by job status in nurses. Aim of this study was to compare the Marital Conflict Resolution and Parenting Styles between Nurses with fixed and rotating shifts in public hospitals of Bandar Abbas, Iran. Statistical population includes all married Nurses in hospitals of Bandar Abbas (900 Persons). For sample size estimation, the Morgan table was used, 270 people were selected by random sampling method. Conflict solution styles and Baumrind parenting styles questionnaire were used for collecting data about study variables. For analysis of data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results showed there was significant difference between both groups in conflict solution styles. According to study results, nurses with fixed shifts had an effective conflict solution styles. Also, there was significant difference between both groups in Parenting Styles. According to study results, nurses with fixed shifts had an effective parenting style. Totally, results of this study showed that job status of nurses affected on Marital Conflict Resolution and Parenting Styles of nurses. Managers of health system should be consider these issues about work of nurses and if possible, married nurses employed at fixed day (vs. rotating) shift. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marital%20conflict%20resolution%20procedures" title="marital conflict resolution procedures">marital conflict resolution procedures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parenting%20styles" title=" parenting styles"> parenting styles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurses%20with%20fixed%20and%20rotating%20shifts" title=" nurses with fixed and rotating shifts"> nurses with fixed and rotating shifts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20hospitals" title=" public hospitals"> public hospitals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39119/comparison-of-marital-conflict-resolution-procedures-and-parenting-styles-between-nurses-with-fixed-and-rotating-shifts-in-public-hospitals-of-bandar-abbas-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">587</span> Antiprotozoal Activity of Peganum harmala against Babesiosis in Cattle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Mustafa%20Jafar">Muhammad Mustafa Jafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Ashar%20Mahfooz"> Syed Ashar Mahfooz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ejaz%20Saleem"> Muhammad Ejaz Saleem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asif%20Raza"> Muhammad Asif Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asghar%20Abbas"> Asghar Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rao%20Zahid%20Abbas"> Rao Zahid Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Kasib%20Khan"> Muhammad Kasib Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Muhammad%20Ishaq"> Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Babesia gradually attained resistance against the synthetic medicines. To overcome the drug resistance, herbal therapy has gained more attention as compared to allopathic therapy. Peganumharmala (harmal) is a plant which has shown effective results against various protozoal diseases. Therefore, the present study was planned to monitor the efficacy of Peganumharmala (aqueous extract) against Babesiosis in cattle. For this purpose, a total of forty (n=40) infected animals were randomly divided into four equal groups (A, B, C, and D). Group A was treated with aqueous extract of Peganum harmala at 7.5 mg/kg, group B at 10 mg/kg and group C at 12.5 mg/kg of body weight. Group D served as a control group (normal). It was observed that there was a stabilization in hematological parameters (white and red blood cells, hemoglobin and Packed cell volume) in infected animals treated with Peganum harmala at different doses. Results of this study hence indicated that Peganum harmala extract at 12.5mg/kg BW is more effective against Babesiosis than lower doses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babesiosis" title="Babesiosis">Babesiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cattle" title=" cattle"> cattle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control" title=" control"> control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peganum%20harmala" title=" Peganum harmala"> Peganum harmala</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98101/antiprotozoal-activity-of-peganum-harmala-against-babesiosis-in-cattle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">586</span> Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Height and Rate of Fluid Flow on a Stepped Spillway</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Abbas%20Kamanbedast">Amir Abbas Kamanbedast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Saki"> Abbas Saki </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stepped spillways are composed of several steps, which start from around the spillway crest and continue to the downstream heel. Recently, such spillways have been receiving increasing attention due to the significant effect of the associated stairs on the flow’s rate of energy dissipation. Energy dissipation in the stepped spillways across the overflow can be explained by the watercourse contact with the stairs (i.e., large, harsh surfaces). In this context, less energy must be dissipated at the end of the spillway, and, hence, a smaller (less expensive) energy-dissipating structure is required. In this study, a stepped spillway was simulated using the model Fluent 3, and a standard model was used to model the flow disturbance. For this purpose, the energy dissipation from the stepped spillway was investigated in terms of the different numbers of stairs involved. Using k-ε, the disturbances of the numerical method for velocity and of flow depth at the downstream overflow were obtained, and, then, the energy that was dissipated throughout the spillway was calculated. Our results showed that an increase in the number of stairs can considerably increase the amount of energy dissipation for the fixed, upstream energy. In addition, the results of the numerical analyses were provided as isobar and velocity curves so points that were sensitive to cavitation could be determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stepped%20spillway" title="stepped spillway">stepped spillway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluent%20software" title=" fluent software"> fluent software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence%20model%20of%20k-%CE%B5" title=" turbulence model of k-ε"> turbulence model of k-ε</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VOF%20model" title=" VOF model"> VOF model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45509/numerical-analysis-of-the-effect-of-height-and-rate-of-fluid-flow-on-a-stepped-spillway" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">585</span> Persian Garden Design and Climate Case Studies: Shahzadeh-Mahan and Shah Garden</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raheleh%20Saifiabolhassan">Raheleh Saifiabolhassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gardens symbolize human effort to bring Eden to earth and are defined as the purest pleasures and the greatest inspiration for men. According to Persian mythology, a garden called "Paris" is a magical, perfumed place populated by beautiful and angelic creatures. "Pardis" comes from the word "paridaiza," which means "walled garden." Gardening has always been a worldwide attraction due to the abundance of green space, and desert gardens are no exception. Because most historical garden designs use a similar pattern, such as Chahar-Bagh, climate effects have not been considered. The purpose of studying these general designs was to determine whether location and weather conditions are affecting them. So, two gardens were chosen for comparison: a desert (Shahzadeh-Mahan) and a humid garden (Shah) and compared their geometry, irrigation system, entrances, and pavilions. The findings of the study revealed that there are several notable differences among their architectural principles. For example, the desert garden design is introverted with transparent surfaces and a single focal point, while the moderate garden is extraverted with high complexity and multiple perspectives. In conclusion, the study recognizes the richness and significance of the Persian garden concept, which can be applied in many different contexts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pardis" title="Pardis">Pardis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chahar-bagh" title=" Chahar-bagh"> Chahar-bagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Persian%20garden" title=" Persian garden"> Persian garden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperate" title=" temperate"> temperate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=humid%20climate" title=" humid climate"> humid climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometry" title=" geometry"> geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pavilion" title=" pavilion"> pavilion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigations" title=" irrigations"> irrigations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138857/persian-garden-design-and-climate-case-studies-shahzadeh-mahan-and-shah-garden" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">584</span> Application of GPR for Prospection in Two Archaeological Sites at Aswan Area, Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Mohamed%20Abbas">Abbas Mohamed Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raafat%20El-Shafie%20Fat-Helbary"> Raafat El-Shafie Fat-Helbary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karrar%20Omar%20El%20Fergawy"> Karrar Omar El Fergawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Hamed%20Sayed"> Ahmed Hamed Sayed </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The exploration in archaeological area requires non-invasive methods, and hence the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) technique is a proper candidate for this task. GPR investigation is widely applied for searching for hidden ancient targets. So, in this paper GPR technique has been used in archaeological investigation. The aim of this study was to obtain information about the subsurface and associated structures beneath two selected sites at the western bank of the River Nile at Aswan city. These sites have archaeological structures of different ages starting from 6thand 12th Dynasties to the Greco-Roman period. The first site is called Nag’ El Gulab, the study area was 30 x 16 m with separating distance 2m between each profile, while the second site is Nag’ El Qoba, the survey method was not in grid but in lines pattern with different lengths. All of these sites were surveyed by GPR model SIR-3000 with antenna 200 MHz. Beside the processing of each profile individually, the time-slice maps have been conducted Nag’ El Gulab site, to view the amplitude changes in a series of horizontal time slices within the ground. The obtained results show anomalies may interpret as presence of associated tombs structures. The probable tombs structures similar in their depth level to the opened tombs in the studied areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20penetrating%20radar" title="ground penetrating radar">ground penetrating radar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=archeology" title=" archeology"> archeology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nag%E2%80%99%20El%20Gulab" title=" Nag’ El Gulab"> Nag’ El Gulab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nag%E2%80%99%20El%20Qoba" title=" Nag’ El Qoba "> Nag’ El Qoba </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35886/application-of-gpr-for-prospection-in-two-archaeological-sites-at-aswan-area-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35886.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">583</span> Effect of High Volume processed Fly Ash on Engineering Properties of Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhara%20Shah">Dhara Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandrakant%20Shah"> Chandrakant Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As everyone knows, fly ash is a residual material we get upon energy production using coal. It has found numerous advantages for use in the concrete industry like improved workability, increased ultimate strength, reduced bleeding, reduced permeability, better finish and reduced heat of hydration. Types of fly ash depend on the type of coal and the coal combustion process. It is a pozzolanic material and has mainly two classes, F and C, based on the chemical composition. The fly ash used for this experimental work contains significant amount of lime and would be categorized as type F fly ash. Generally all types of fly ash have particle size less than 0.075mm. The fineness and lime content of fly ash are very important as they will affect the air content and water demand of the concrete, thereby affecting the durability and strength of the concrete. The present work has been done to optimize the use of fly ash to produce concrete with improved results and added benefits. A series of tests are carried out, analyzed and compared with concrete manufactured using only Portland cement as a binder. The present study is carried out for concrete mix with replacement of cement with different proportions of fly ash. Two concrete mixes M25 and M30 were studied with six replacements of cement with fly ash i.e. 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60% and 65% for 7-day, 14-day, 28-day, 56-day and 90-day. Study focused on compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture of concrete. Study clearly revealed that cement replacement by any proportion of fly ash failed to achieve early strength. Replacement of 40% and 45% succeeded in achieving required flexural strength for M25 and M30 grade of concrete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processed%20fly%20ash" title="processed fly ash">processed fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20properties%20of%20concrete" title=" engineering properties of concrete"> engineering properties of concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pozzolanic" title=" pozzolanic"> pozzolanic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lime%20content" title=" lime content"> lime content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10413/effect-of-high-volume-processed-fly-ash-on-engineering-properties-of-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">582</span> The Influence of Mobile Phone Addiction on Academic Performance among Teenagers in Shah Alam, Malaysia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaluddin%20Abd%20Rashid">Jamaluddin Abd Rashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aris%20Abdul%20Rahman"> Aris Abdul Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile phones have become the most popular way to communicate with other individuals and it has created an unspoken social dependency. Making phone calls, instant messaging, playing online games and accessing the Internet are among the features added to a mobile phone, attracting teenagers to spend more hours fixated on their gadgets. As such, this study attempted to examine the frequency of time spent on mobile phones and how this influenced academic performance. A quantitative methodology was applied in this study, where face to face survey through the distribution of questionnaires was facilitated onto a group of 200 secondary school students from the Shah Alam community in Selangor,Malaysia. Both genders, male and females were assessed equally to find out if there exists a correlation between genders when measuring higher or lower frequency of attachment to mobile phones. It can also be seen that 100% correspondents have a mobile phone in their possession. The adolescents uses mobile phones daily, which shows students being somewhat addicted, as they tend to feel that it is necessary to use a mobile phone. The main findings of this research found out that, students that are mobile phone addictive received a lower grade in schools. Mobile phone addiction does affect academic performance negatively. As this study discusses the modern-day phenomenon, it is hoped that the findings and discussion could add to present literary works and help future researchers understand the relationship between mobile phone addiction and academic performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20performance" title="academic performance">academic performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20phone%20addiction" title=" mobile phone addiction"> mobile phone addiction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student" title=" student "> student </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93790/the-influence-of-mobile-phone-addiction-on-academic-performance-among-teenagers-in-shah-alam-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">581</span> Do Formalization and Centralization Influence Self-Efficacy and Its Outcomes? A Study of Direct and Moderating Effects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Mustafa">Ghulam Mustafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Glavee-Geo"> Richard Glavee-Geo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examined the relationship between traditional variables of organizational structure (formalization and centralization), employee work related self-efficacy and employee subjective performance. The study further explored the moderating role of formalization and centralization on the link between employee self-efficacy and job performance. Five hypotheses were tested using a sample of employees from a large public organization in Pakistan. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between employee self-efficacy and job performance. Regarding the direct effects of formalization and centralization on self-efficacy, the results showed that formalization relates positively while centralization has a negative impact on self-efficacy. However, the results revealed no empirical evidence to confirm the hypotheses that formalization and centralization strengthen or weaken the relationship between self-efficacy and job performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centralization" title="centralization">centralization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formalization" title=" formalization"> formalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20performance" title=" job performance"> job performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-efficacy" title=" self-efficacy"> self-efficacy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32223/do-formalization-and-centralization-influence-self-efficacy-and-its-outcomes-a-study-of-direct-and-moderating-effects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">580</span> Interdisciplinary Approach for Economic Production of Oil and Gas Reserves: Application of Geothermal Energy for Enhanced Oil Recovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dharmit%20Viroja">Dharmit Viroja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prerakkumar%20Shah"> Prerakkumar Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajanikant%20%20Gajera"> Rajanikant Gajera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruchit%20Shah"> Ruchit Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With present scenario of aging oil and gas fields with high water cuts, volatile oil prices and increasing greenhouse gas emission, the need for alleviating such issues has necessitated for oil and gas industry to make the maximum out of available assets, infrastructure and reserves in mother Earth. Study undertaken emphasizes on utilizing Geothermal Energy under specific reservoir conditions for Enhanced oil Recovery (EOR) to boost up production. Allied benefits of this process include mitigation of electricity problem in remote fields and controlled CO-emission. Utilization of this energy for EOR and increasing economic life of field could surely be rewarding. A new way to value oil lands would be considered if geothermal co-production is integrated in the field development program. Temperature profile of co-produced fluid across its journey is a pivotal issue which has been studied. Geo pressured reservoirs resulting from trapped brine under an impermeable bed is also a frontier for exploitation. Hot geothermal fluid is a by-product of large number of oil and gas wells, historically this hot water has been seen as an inconvenience; however, it can be looked at as a useful resource. The production of hot fluids from abandoned and co-production of hot fluids from producing wells has potential to prolong life of oil and gas fields. The study encompasses various factors which are required for use of this technology and application of this process across various phases of oil and gas value chain. Interdisciplinary approach in oil and gas value chain has shown potential for economic production of estimated oil and gas reserves. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20oil%20recovery" title="enhanced oil recovery">enhanced oil recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geo-pressured%20reservoirs" title=" geo-pressured reservoirs"> geo-pressured reservoirs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20energy" title=" geothermal energy"> geothermal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20and%20gas%20value%20chain" title=" oil and gas value chain"> oil and gas value chain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55730/interdisciplinary-approach-for-economic-production-of-oil-and-gas-reserves-application-of-geothermal-energy-for-enhanced-oil-recovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">579</span> Isolation and Identification Fibrinolytic Protease Endophytic Fungi from Hibiscus Leaves in Shah Alam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Sidek%20Ahmad">Mohd Sidek Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainon%20Mohd%20Noor"> Zainon Mohd Noor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaidah%20Zainal%20Ariffin"> Zaidah Zainal Ariffin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fibrin degradation is an important part in prevention or treatment of intravascular thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases. Plasmin like fibrinolytic enzymes has given new hope to patient with cardiovascular diseases by treating fibrin aggregation related diseases with traditional plasminogen activator which have many side effects. Various researches involving wide range of sources for production of fibrinolytic proteases, from bacteria, fungi, insects and fermented foods. But few have looked into endophytic fungi as a potential source. Sixteen (16) endophytic fungi were isolated from Hibiscus sp. leaves from six different locations in Shah Alam, Selangor. Only two endophytic fungi, FH3 and S13 showed positive fibrinolytic protease activities. FH3 produced 5.78cm and S13 produced 4.48cm on Skim Milk Agar after 4 days of incubation at 27°C. Fibrinolytic activity was observed; 3.87cm and 1.82cm diameter clear zone on fibrin plate of FH3 and S13 respectively. 18srRNA was done for identification of the isolated fungi with positive fibrinolytic protease. S13 had the highest similarity (100%) to that of Penicillium citrinum strain TG2 and FH3 had the highest similarity (99%) to that of Fusarium sp. FW2PhC1, Fusarium sp. 13002, Fusarium sp. 08006, Fusarium equiseti strain Salicorn 8 and Fungal sp. FCASAn-2. Media composition variation showed the effects of carbon nitrogen on protein concentration, where the decrement of 50% of media composition caused drastic decrease in protease of FH3 from 1.081 to 0.056 and also S13 from 2.946 to 0.198. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isolation" title="isolation">isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identification" title=" identification"> identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibrinolytic%20protease" title=" fibrinolytic protease"> fibrinolytic protease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endophytic%20fungi" title=" endophytic fungi"> endophytic fungi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hibiscus%20leaves" title=" Hibiscus leaves"> Hibiscus leaves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15095/isolation-and-identification-fibrinolytic-protease-endophytic-fungi-from-hibiscus-leaves-in-shah-alam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=20">20</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=21">21</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Abbas%20Shah&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>