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id="toc-Separated_or_safety_extra-low_voltage_(SELV)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Separated_or_safety_extra-low_voltage_(SELV)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Separated or safety extra-low voltage (SELV)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Separated_or_safety_extra-low_voltage_(SELV)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Protected_extra-low_voltage_(PELV)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protected_extra-low_voltage_(PELV)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Protected extra-low voltage (PELV)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protected_extra-low_voltage_(PELV)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Functional_extra-low_voltage_(FELV)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Functional_extra-low_voltage_(FELV)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Functional extra-low voltage (FELV)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Functional_extra-low_voltage_(FELV)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UK_Reduced_low_voltage_(RLV)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UK_Reduced_low_voltage_(RLV)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>UK Reduced low voltage (RLV)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UK_Reduced_low_voltage_(RLV)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stand-alone_power_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stand-alone_power_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Stand-alone power systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stand-alone_power_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Electrical standard designed to protect against electric shock</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Extra_low_voltages_(third_safety_class).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Extra_low_voltages_%28third_safety_class%29.JPG/220px-Extra_low_voltages_%28third_safety_class%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Extra_low_voltages_%28third_safety_class%29.JPG/330px-Extra_low_voltages_%28third_safety_class%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Extra_low_voltages_%28third_safety_class%29.JPG/440px-Extra_low_voltages_%28third_safety_class%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="530" /></a><figcaption>Low voltage installations for low voltage devices</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em;"> <tbody><tr> <th>IEC voltage range </th> <th>AC <a href="/wiki/Root_mean_square" title="Root mean square">RMS<br />voltage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">V</a>) </th> <th>DC voltage (V) </th> <th>Defining risk </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/High_voltage" title="High voltage">High voltage</a></td> <td>> 1,000</td> <td>> 1,500</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Electrical_arcing" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical arcing">Electrical arcing</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Low_voltage" title="Low voltage">Low voltage</a></td> <td>50 to 1,000</td> <td>120 to 1,500</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Electrical_shock" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical shock">Electrical shock</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Extra-low voltage</a></td> <td>< 50</td> <td>< 120</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Electrical_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical fire">Electrical fire</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Extra-low voltage</b> (<b>ELV</b>) is an <a href="/wiki/Electricity_supply" class="mw-redirect" title="Electricity supply">electricity supply</a> <a href="/wiki/Voltage" title="Voltage">voltage</a> and is a part of the low-voltage band<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_61140:2016_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_61140:2016-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in a range which carries a low risk of dangerous <a href="/wiki/Electrical_shock" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical shock">electrical shock</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are various standards that define extra-low voltage. The <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">International Electrotechnical Commission</a> (IEC) and the UK IET (<a href="/wiki/BS_7671" title="BS 7671">BS 7671</a>:2008) define an ELV device or circuit as one in which the <a href="/wiki/Electrical_potential" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical potential">electrical potential</a> between two <a href="/wiki/Electrical_conductor" title="Electrical conductor">conductors</a> or between an electrical conductor and <a href="/wiki/Ground_(electrical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground (electrical)">Earth</a> (ground) <b>does not exceed</b> 120<span class="nowrap"> </span>volts (V) for ripple-free <a href="/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current">direct current</a> (DC) or 50<span class="nowrap"> </span>V<sub><a href="/wiki/Root_mean_square" title="Root mean square">RMS</a></sub> (<a href="/wiki/Root_mean_square" title="Root mean square">root mean square</a> volts) for <a href="/wiki/Alternating_current" title="Alternating current">alternating current</a> (AC). </p><p>The IEC and IET go on to define actual types of extra-low voltage systems, for example separated extra-low voltage (SELV), protected extra-low voltage (PELV), functional extra-low voltage (FELV). These can be supplied using sources including motor / fossil fuel generator sets, transformers, switched PSU's or rechargeable battery. SELV, PELV, FELV, are distinguished by various <a href="/wiki/Safety" title="Safety">safety</a> properties, supply characteristics and design voltages. </p><p>Some types of <a href="/wiki/Landscape_lighting" title="Landscape lighting">landscape lighting</a> use SELV / PELV (extra-low voltage) systems. Modern battery operated hand tools fall in the SELV category. In more arduous conditions, 25 V<sub>RMS</sub> alternating current or 60 V (ripple-free) DC can be specified to further reduce hazard. Lower voltage can apply in wet or conductive conditions where there is even greater potential for electric shock. These systems should still fall under the SELV / PELV (ELV) safety specifications. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Separated_or_safety_extra-low_voltage_(SELV)"><span id="Separated_or_safety_extra-low_voltage_.28SELV.29"></span>Separated or safety extra-low voltage (SELV)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Separated or safety extra-low voltage (SELV)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>IEC defines a SELV system as "an electrical system in which the voltage cannot exceed ELV under normal conditions, and under single-fault conditions, <i>including</i> <a href="/wiki/Ground_(electricity)" title="Ground (electricity)">earth faults</a> in other circuits". The acronym may variously stand for <b>safety extra-low voltage</b> or <b>separated extra-low voltage</b>. It is generally accepted that the acronym: BS EN 60335 and the IEC refer to it as <b>safety extra-low voltage</b>, while <b>separated extra-low voltage</b> (separated from earth) is used and defined in installation standards (e.g. <a href="/wiki/BS_7671" title="BS 7671">BS 7671</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A SELV circuit must have: </p> <ul><li>Electrical protective-separation (i.e., <a href="/wiki/Double_insulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Double insulation">double insulation</a>, reinforced insulation or protective screening) from all circuits other than SELV and PELV (i.e., all circuits that might carry higher voltages)</li> <li>Simple separation from other SELV systems, from PELV systems and from earth (ground)</li></ul> <p>The safety of a SELV circuit is provided by </p> <ul><li>The extra-low voltage</li> <li>The low risk of accidental contact with a higher voltage</li> <li>The lack of a return path through earth (ground) that <a href="/wiki/Electric_current" title="Electric current">electric current</a> could take in case of contact with a human body</li></ul> <p>The design of a SELV circuit typically involves an isolating <a href="/wiki/Transformer" title="Transformer">transformer</a>, guaranteed minimum distances between conductors and <a href="/wiki/Electrical_insulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical insulation">electrical insulation</a> barriers. The <a href="/wiki/Electrical_connector" title="Electrical connector">electrical connectors</a> of SELV circuits should be designed such that they do not mate with connectors commonly used for non-SELV circuits. </p><p>Typical examples for a SELV circuit: decorative out-door lighting, <a href="/wiki/Appliance_classes" title="Appliance classes">Class III</a> <a href="/wiki/Battery_charger" title="Battery charger">battery charger</a>, fed from a Class II <a href="/wiki/Power_supply" title="Power supply">power supply</a>. Modern cordless hand tools are considered SELV equipment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protected_extra-low_voltage_(PELV)"><span id="Protected_extra-low_voltage_.28PELV.29"></span>Protected extra-low voltage (PELV)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Protected extra-low voltage (PELV)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>IEC 61140 defines a PELV system as "an electrical system in which the voltage cannot exceed ELV under normal conditions, and under single-fault conditions, <i>except</i> earth faults in other circuits". </p><p>A PELV circuit only requires protective-separation from all circuits other than SELV and PELV (i.e., all circuits that might carry higher voltages), but it may have connections to other PELV systems and earth (ground). </p><p>In contrast to a SELV circuit, a PELV circuit can have a <a href="/wiki/Protective_earth" class="mw-redirect" title="Protective earth">protective earth</a> (ground) connection. A PELV circuit, just as with SELV, requires a design that guarantees a low risk of accidental contact with a higher voltage. For a transformer, this can mean that the primary and secondary windings must be separated by reinforced insulation, or by a conductive shield with a protective earth connection, or that the secondary winding itself has an earthed terminal, so that any primary to secondary fault will cause automatic disconnection. (The principle of double fault to danger requires either basic and additional insulation to fail or basic insulation and the connection to the protective earth to fail simultaneously before danger arises.) </p><p>A typical example for a PELV circuit is a metal cased <a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computer</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Appliance_classes" title="Appliance classes">Class I</a> <a href="/wiki/Power_supply" title="Power supply">power supply</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Functional_extra-low_voltage_(FELV)"><span id="Functional_extra-low_voltage_.28FELV.29"></span>Functional extra-low voltage (FELV)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Functional extra-low voltage (FELV)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term functional extra-low voltage (FELV) describes any other extra-low-voltage circuit that does not fulfill the requirements for an SELV or PELV circuit. Although the FELV part of a circuit uses an extra-low voltage, it is not adequately protected from accidental contact with higher voltages in other parts of the circuit. Therefore, the protection requirements for the higher voltage have to be applied to the entire circuit. </p><p>Examples for FELV circuits include those that generate an extra low voltage through a <a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">semiconductor</a> device or a <a href="/wiki/Potentiometer" title="Potentiometer">potentiometer</a> or an <a href="/wiki/Autotransformer" title="Autotransformer">autotransformer</a>. A typical example is an electronically controlled toaster where the electronic timer circuit runs off an extra low voltage derived from a tap on the <a href="/wiki/Heating_element" title="Heating element">heating element</a>. Another might be ELV signalling between mains powered smoke alarms, with the signalling voltage referred to supply neutral. In such cases the extra low voltage parts must be enclosed or insulated as to the standard of the mains voltage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UK_Reduced_low_voltage_(RLV)"><span id="UK_Reduced_low_voltage_.28RLV.29"></span>UK Reduced low voltage (RLV)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: UK Reduced low voltage (RLV)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The IET / BSI (BS 7671) also define Reduced Low Voltage (RLV) which can be either single-phase or three-phase AC This system has been used for many years on construction sites, in both single- and three-phase configurations. The single-phase voltage is 110<span class="nowrap"> </span>V a.c. though having a "centre tapped Earth" reducing the voltage to earth to 55<span class="nowrap"> </span>V AC. The three-phase system is 110<span class="nowrap"> </span>V phase-to-phase and 63<span class="nowrap"> </span>V to neutral / earth. This system voltage is slightly above the ELV limit, but is still very commonly used for cord-powered hand tools and temporary lighting in hazardous areas. As it is transformer-derived, the exposed voltage during an earth fault is depressed below the ELV level. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stand-alone_power_systems">Stand-alone power systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Stand-alone power systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cabling for ELV systems, such as in <a href="/wiki/Remote-area_power_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote-area power system">remote-area power systems</a> (RAPS), is designed to minimise energy losses while maximising safety. Lower voltages require a higher current for the same power. The higher current results in greater resistive losses in the cabling. Cable sizing must therefore consider maximum demand, voltage drop over the cable, and <a href="/wiki/Current-carrying_capacity" class="mw-redirect" title="Current-carrying capacity">current-carrying capacity</a>. Voltage drop is usually the main factor considered, but <a href="/wiki/Current-carrying_capacity" class="mw-redirect" title="Current-carrying capacity">current-carrying capacity</a> is as important when considering short, high-current runs such as between a battery bank and inverter. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Electric_arc" title="Electric arc">Arcing</a> is a risk in DC ELV systems, and some fuse types which can cause undesired arcing include semi-enclosed, rewireable and <a href="/wiki/Fuse_(automotive)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuse (automotive)">automotive fuse</a> types. Instead, <a href="/wiki/Fuse_(electrical)#Characteristic_parameters" title="Fuse (electrical)">high rupturing capacity</a> fuses and appropriately rated <a href="/wiki/Circuit_breaker" title="Circuit breaker">circuit breakers</a> are the recommended type for RAPS. Cable termination and connections must be done properly to avoid arcing also, and <a href="/wiki/Soldering" title="Soldering">soldering</a> is not recommended. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regulations">Regulations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Regulations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Precise definitions of "extra low voltage" are given in applicable wiring regulations in a region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="EU">EU</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: EU"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to DIN EN 61140:2016 chapter 4.2 Table 1 (German version of EU standard EN 61140), Extra Low Voltage (≤ 50 V a.c. or ≤ 120 V d.c.) is defined as a sub-category of Low voltage (≤ 1000 V a.c. or ≤ 1500 V d.c.). This is similar to the definition provided in IEC 61140:2016. <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The European Union directives on the other hand do not define extra-low voltage. The nearest they get to this concept is in the <a href="/wiki/Low_Voltage_Directive" title="Low Voltage Directive">Low Voltage Directive</a> (2014/35/EU),<sup id="cite_ref-auto_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which applies to the range between 50<span class="nowrap"> </span>V AC / 75<span class="nowrap"> </span>V DC and 1,000<span class="nowrap"> </span>V AC / 1,500<span class="nowrap"> </span>V DC. The General Product Safety Directive (2001/95/EC) covers consumer goods with a voltage below 50 V for alternating current, or below 75 V for direct current.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The directive only covers electrical equipment and not voltages appearing inside equipment or voltages in electrical components. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IEC">IEC</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: IEC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEC_61140:2016,_Basic_safety_publication&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEC 61140:2016, Basic safety publication (page does not exist)">IEC 61140:2016, Basic safety publication</a> defines ELV as ≤ 50<span class="nowrap"> </span>V<sub>RMS</sub> AC and ≤ 120<span class="nowrap"> </span>V DC ripple-free. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEC_60364-4-41:2017,_Group_safety_publication&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEC 60364-4-41:2017, Group safety publication (page does not exist)">IEC 60364-4-41:2017, Group safety publication</a> defines ELV as ≤ 50<span class="nowrap"> </span>V<sub>RMS</sub> AC and ≤ 120<span class="nowrap"> </span>V DC ripple-free. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia_and_New_Zealand">Australia and New Zealand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Australia and New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>AS/NZS 3000 <i>Wiring Rules</i> define "extra low voltage" as "Not exceeding 50<span class="nowrap"> </span>V AC or 120<span class="nowrap"> </span>V ripple-free DC" However, AS/ACIF S009 Clause 3.1.78.1 Extra-Low Voltage (ELV)states: "a voltage not exceeding 42.4<span class="nowrap"> </span>V peak or 60<span class="nowrap"> </span>V DC [AS/NZS 60950.1:2003]" and adds a note: "This definition differs from the ELV definition contained in AS/NZS 3000:2000" which is more closely aligned to the Telecommunications Network Voltage (TNV) limits ... i.e. 120<span class="nowrap"> </span>V DC or 70.7<span class="nowrap"> </span>V AC peak (50<span class="nowrap"> </span>V<sub>RMS</sub> AC)" which accommodates telephone ringing voltage on the nominally −48<span class="nowrap"> </span>V DC battery supply which could be encountered on a telephone line and was not considered hazardous, whereas 120<span class="nowrap"> </span>V AC without current limiting at its source can inject 115mA into individuals leading to fibrillation of the heart. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brazil">Brazil</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Brazil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Brazil, ELV (<i>Extra-baixa tensão</i> or <i>EBT</i> in <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>) is officially defined in Regulatory Standard no. 10 from the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Ministry_of_Labor_and_Employment" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian Ministry of Labor and Employment">Brazilian Ministry of Labor and Employment</a> as any voltage "not exceeding 50 volts a.c. or 120 volts d.c.".<sup id="cite_ref-NR10_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NR10-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although that standard defines safety rules for electricity, the Regulatory Standard no. 12 requires an even lower voltage for start and stop devices on machines and equipment made from March 2012 and on, stating it shall not exceed 25 volts AC or 60 volts DC<sup id="cite_ref-NR12_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NR12-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-IEC_61140:2016-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IEC_61140:2016_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">IEC 61140:2016 Chapter 4.2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/BS_7671" title="BS 7671">BS 7671</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/DIN" class="mw-redirect" title="DIN">DIN</a>/<a href="/wiki/Verband_der_Elektrotechnik,_Elektronik_und_Informationstechnik" class="mw-redirect" title="Verband der Elektrotechnik, Elektronik und Informationstechnik">VDE</a> 0100-410</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a> 60364-4-41: Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a> 61140: Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and equipment.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=195-06-28">"IEC 60050 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Details for IEV number 195-06-28: "SELV system"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>www.electropedia.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.electropedia.org&rft.atitle=IEC+60050+-+International+Electrotechnical+Vocabulary+-+Details+for+IEV+number+195-06-28%3A+%22SELV+system%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.electropedia.org%2Fiev%2Fiev.nsf%2Fdisplay%3Fopenform%26ievref%3D195-06-28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtra-low+voltage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">DIN EN 61140:2016 chapter 4.2 Table 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/electrical-and-electronic-engineering-industries-eei/low-voltage-directive-lvd_en">"Low Voltage Directive (LVD) - European Commission"</a>. <i>single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu&rft.atitle=Low+Voltage+Directive+%28LVD%29+-+European+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsingle-market-economy.ec.europa.eu%2Fsectors%2Felectrical-and-electronic-engineering-industries-eei%2Flow-voltage-directive-lvd_en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtra-low+voltage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NR10-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NR10_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.mte.gov.br/data/files/8A7C816A38CF493C013906EC437E23BF/NR-10%20%28atualizada%29.pdf">"NR-10 atualizada - Glossário"</a> [updated NR-10 - Glossary] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Brazilian Ministry of Labor and Employment Website</i> (in Portuguese). December 7, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brazilian+Ministry+of+Labor+and+Employment+Website&rft.atitle=NR-10+atualizada+-+Gloss%C3%A1rio&rft.date=2004-12-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fportal.mte.gov.br%2Fdata%2Ffiles%2F8A7C816A38CF493C013906EC437E23BF%2FNR-10%2520%2528atualizada%2529.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtra-low+voltage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NR12-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NR12_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.mte.gov.br/data/files/8A7C816A4DA189CA014E505FF4496DF0/NR-12%20%28atualizada%202015%29.pdf">"NR-12 atualizada - item 12.36"</a> [updated NR-12 - Item 12.36] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Brazilian Ministry of Labor and Employment Website</i> (in Portuguese). June 25, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brazilian+Ministry+of+Labor+and+Employment+Website&rft.atitle=NR-12+atualizada+-+item+12.36&rft.date=2015-06-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fportal.mte.gov.br%2Fdata%2Ffiles%2F8A7C816A4DA189CA014E505FF4496DF0%2FNR-12%2520%2528atualizada%25202015%2529.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtra-low+voltage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/electricCircuits/DC/DC_3.html"><i>Electrical Safety</i></a> chapter from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/electricCircuits/DC/index.html"><i>Lessons In Electric Circuits Vol 1 DC</i></a> book and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/electricCircuits/">series</a>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&oldid=1249628006">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Extra-low_voltage&oldid=1249628006</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Voltage" title="Category:Voltage">Voltage</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Electric_power" title="Category:Electric power">Electric power</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Electrical_safety" title="Category:Electrical safety">Electrical safety</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Portuguese-language_sources_(pt)" title="Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)">CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 October 2024, at 23:28<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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