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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83" title="Население на Науру – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Население на Науру" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demograf%C3%ADa_de_Nauru" title="Demografía de Nauru – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Demografía de Nauru" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9mographie_de_Nauru" title="Démographie de Nauru – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Démographie de Nauru" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauru_demografija" title="Nauru demografija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nauru demografija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauru_n%C3%A9pess%C3%A9ge" title="Nauru népessége – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nauru népessége" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naurus_demografi" title="Naurus demografi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Naurus demografi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demografia_de_Nauru" title="Demografia de Nauru – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Demografia de Nauru" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83" title="Населення Науру – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Населення Науру" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="line-height:120%"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ddddff">Demographics of <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Population_of_Nauru.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Population_of_Nauru.svg/220px-Population_of_Nauru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Population_of_Nauru.svg/330px-Population_of_Nauru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Population_of_Nauru.svg/440px-Population_of_Nauru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Graph of the population of Nauru, 1886–2011</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">11,680 (2021)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Density</th><td class="infobox-data">554</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Life expectancy</th><td class="infobox-data">63.9</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • male</th><td class="infobox-data">60.9</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • female</th><td class="infobox-data">67.1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fertility rate</th><td class="infobox-data">3.51 (2020-21)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Net migration rate</th><td class="infobox-data">84 (2009)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddddff">Age structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">0–14 years</th><td class="infobox-data">38% (2021)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddddff">Sex ratio</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total</th><td class="infobox-data">0.91 males/female (2014 <abbr title="estimate">est.</abbr>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">At birth</th><td class="infobox-data">0.84 males/female (2014 <abbr title="estimate">est.</abbr>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Under 15</th><td class="infobox-data">0.79 males/female (2014 <abbr title="estimate">est.</abbr>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">15–64 years</th><td class="infobox-data">1.00 males/female (2014 <abbr title="estimate">est.</abbr>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">65 and over</th><td class="infobox-data">0.78 males/female (2014 <abbr title="estimate">est.</abbr>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddddff">Nationality</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>noun</i> Nauruan(s), <i>adj.</i> Nauruan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major ethnic</th><td class="infobox-data">Nauruan (92.1%)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Minor ethnic</th><td class="infobox-data">Kiribati (2.4%), Fiji (2.2%), Australia (1.2%)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddddff">Language</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official</th><td class="infobox-data">Nauruan, English</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>demographics of Nauru</b>, an <a href="/wiki/Island_country" title="Island country">island country</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>, are known through national <a href="/wiki/Census" title="Census">censuses</a>, which have been analysed by various statistical bureaus since the 1920s. The <a href="/wiki/Nauru_Bureau_of_Statistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauru Bureau of Statistics">Nauru Bureau of Statistics</a> have conducted this task since 1977—the first census since <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a> gained independence in 1968. The most recent census of Nauru was on 30 October 2021, when population had reached 11,680 people. The population density is 554 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,430 inhabitants/sq mi), and the overall <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">life expectancy</a> is 63.9 years. The population rose steadily from the 1960s until 2006 when the Government of Nauru repatriated thousands of Tuvaluan and <a href="/wiki/I-Kiribati" class="mw-redirect" title="I-Kiribati">I-Kiribati</a> workers from the country. Since 1992, Nauru's <a href="/wiki/Birth_rate" title="Birth rate">birth rate</a> has exceeded its <a href="/wiki/Death_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Death rate">death rate</a>; the natural growth rate is positive. In terms of age structure, the population is dominated by the 15–59-year-old segment (57%). The median age of the population is 21.6, and the estimated gender ratio of the population is 101.8 males per 100 females. </p><p>Nauru is inhabited mostly by <a href="/wiki/Nauruan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauruan people">Nauruans</a> (92.1%), while minorities include those from Kiribati (2.4%), Fiji (2.2%), Australia (1.2%) and other (2.1%).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The demographic history of Nauru is marked by several migrations: the area was first inhabited by <a href="/wiki/Micronesian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Micronesian people">Micronesian people</a> about 3,000 years ago. The first European to find the island was <a href="/wiki/John_Fearn_(whaler)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Fearn (whaler)">John Fearn</a> in 1798. Then, the country was annexed by Germany in 1888. The next major population change was when Japanese occupied the island during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> in 1942. During this time, the Japanese deported several thousands of Nauruans to other islands. In the 1960s, the country gained independence, where the percentage of Nauruans started to increase. The most recent demographic switch was in the 2000s, when the government repatriated several groups of non-Nauruans from the country. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Nauruan_language" title="Nauruan language">Nauruan language</a> is the official language of Nauru, but English is often used in the country. Nauruan is declared as the primary language of 95.3% of the population. The 2011 census revealed that 66.0% of the population spoke English and 11.9% another language. The main <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nauru" title="Religion in Nauru">religions</a> of Nauru are <a href="/wiki/Nauru_Congregational_Church" title="Nauru Congregational Church">Nauru Congregational Church</a> (35.71%) and <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> (32.96%). The <a href="/wiki/Literacy_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Literacy rate">literacy rate</a> in Nauru is 96.5%. The proportion of the country's population aged 15 and over attaining <a href="/wiki/Academic_degree" title="Academic degree">academic degrees</a> is one of the lowest in the world, reaching 7.9% in 2011. An estimated 10.7% of the gross domestic product (GDP) is spent on education. Nauru has a <a href="/wiki/Universal_health_care" title="Universal health care">universal health care</a> system, and in 2012, an estimated 7.5% of its GDP was spent on healthcare. Nauru has the highest <a href="/wiki/Obesity" title="Obesity">obesity</a> ranking in the world; 97 per cent of men and 93 per cent of women are obese. In 2006, the average net monthly income was <a href="/wiki/Australian_dollar" title="Australian dollar">A$</a>2,597 (A$3848 in 2014). The most significant sources of employment are <a href="/wiki/Phosphate_mining_in_Nauru" class="mw-redirect" title="Phosphate mining in Nauru">phosphate mining</a>, banking industries, and various <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut</a> products. In 2011, the <a href="/wiki/Unemployment_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Unemployment rate">unemployment rate</a> was 23%. The 2011 census enumerated 1,647 total households, averaging 6.0 persons per house. Average <a href="/wiki/Urbanization" title="Urbanization">urbanisation rate</a> in Nauru is 100%. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:30em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population of Nauru</caption><tbody><tr valign="top"><td style="padding:0 0.5em"><table style="border-spacing:0;width:15em"><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1886 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,294</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1921 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,066</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.35%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1933 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,641</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.07%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1947 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,855</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.56%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1954 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">3,473</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+2.84%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,613</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.14%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1966 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">6,057</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.60%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1977 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">6,966</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.28%</td></tr></tbody></table></td><td style="padding:0 0.5em;border-left:solid 1px #aaa"><table style="border-spacing:0;width:15em"><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1983 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">7,674</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.63%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1992 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">9,919</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+2.89%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2002 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">10,065</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.15%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2006 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">9,233</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.13%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">10,084</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.78%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2013<sup>1</sup></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">10,293</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.03%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">11,680</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+1.59%</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left"><sup>1</sup> Estimate<br />Source: The Centre for Independent Studies,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nauru Bureau of Statistics<sup id="cite_ref-nbs11-7_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbs11-7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>With a population of under twelve thousand in 2021, Nauru <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by population">ranks around 193rd in the world by population</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stats_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its population density is 478 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,240 inhabitants/sq mi). The overall <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_life_expectancy" title="List of countries by life expectancy">life expectancy</a> in Nauru at birth is 59.7 years. The <a href="/wiki/Total_fertility_rate" title="Total fertility rate">total fertility rate</a> of 3.70 children per mother is one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_by_fertility_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories by fertility rate">highest in the Oceania</a>. The United Nations projects the population will stay around 10,000 in the 2020s,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Nauru Bureau of Statistics estimates the population will increase to 20,000 in 2038.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Nauru's history, there have been six major demographics changes. The island was first inhabited by Micronesian people roughly 3,000 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first European to find the island was <a href="/wiki/John_Fearn_(whaler)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Fearn (whaler)">John Fearn</a> in 1798. In 1888, the country was annexed by Germany. The next demographic change came when <a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Nauru" title="Japanese occupation of Nauru">Japanese occupied the island</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> in the 1940s.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, the Japanese deported several thousands of Nauruans to other islands.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next major demographic change was in the 1960s; the country gained independence, and the percentage of Nauruans started to increase.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last major demographic change was in 2006 when the Government of Nauru repatriated almost all of the remaining <a href="/wiki/Tuvaluan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuvaluan people">Tuvaluan</a> and <a href="/wiki/I-Kiribati" class="mw-redirect" title="I-Kiribati">I-Kiribati</a> workers, following large scale reduction from the <a href="/wiki/Nauru_Phosphate_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauru Phosphate Corporation">Republic of Nauru Phosphate Corporation</a> (RONPhos) and government workers.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The census of 2006 stated 9,233 people were in Nauru: down 2.13% per year from the previous census of 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-nbs11-7_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbs11-7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 2002 to 2011, there has been negative net migration, with an annual 109 net emigrants from 2006 to 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009 there were 1,820 arrivals and 1,736 departures, for a positive rate of 84 immigrants. This was the first time since collecting data in 2002, there was a positive rate.<sup id="cite_ref-stats_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Data on arrivals and departures collected by the Nauruan Customs and Immigration Office is not available, so specific immigration data is unavailable.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of the 2011 census, 57% of the population over 15 years old were legally or <i>de facto</i> married, 35% were never married, while 7% were either widowed, separated, or divorced.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are 1,647 households in Nauru, making an average household size of 6.0 persons per household.<sup id="cite_ref-2011cen_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011cen-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nauru is one of the most Westernized regions of the South Pacific.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structure_of_the_population">Structure of the population</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure of the population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#EEBC35;">Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2016): <sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="80pt">Age Group </th> <th width="80pt">Male </th> <th width="80pt">Female </th> <th width="80pt">Total </th> <th width="80pt">% </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">Total </td> <td align="right">5 547 </td> <td align="right">5 467 </td> <td align="right">11 014 </td> <td align="right">100 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">0–4 </td> <td align="right">839 </td> <td align="right">806 </td> <td align="right">1 645 </td> <td align="right">14.94 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">5–9 </td> <td align="right">854 </td> <td align="right">725 </td> <td align="right">1 579 </td> <td align="right">14.34 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">10–14 </td> <td align="right">562 </td> <td align="right">579 </td> <td align="right">1 142 </td> <td align="right">10.37 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">15–19 </td> <td align="right">525 </td> <td align="right">488 </td> <td align="right">1 012 </td> <td align="right">9.19 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">20–24 </td> <td align="right">434 </td> <td align="right">402 </td> <td align="right">836 </td> <td align="right">7.59 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">25–29 </td> <td align="right">461 </td> <td align="right">468 </td> <td align="right">930 </td> <td align="right">8.44 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">30–34 </td> <td align="right">444 </td> <td align="right">457 </td> <td align="right">900 </td> <td align="right">8.17 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">35–39 </td> <td align="right">377 </td> <td align="right">346 </td> <td align="right">723 </td> <td align="right">6.56 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">40–44 </td> <td align="right">277 </td> <td align="right">285 </td> <td align="right">562 </td> <td align="right">5.10 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">45–49 </td> <td align="right">220 </td> <td align="right">223 </td> <td align="right">443 </td> <td align="right">4.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">50–54 </td> <td align="right">212 </td> <td align="right">240 </td> <td align="right">452 </td> <td align="right">4.10 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">55–59 </td> <td align="right">152 </td> <td align="right">190 </td> <td align="right">343 </td> <td align="right">3.11 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">60–64 </td> <td align="right">110 </td> <td align="right">131 </td> <td align="right">242 </td> <td align="right">2.20 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">65–69 </td> <td align="right">50 </td> <td align="right">77 </td> <td align="right">127 </td> <td align="right">1.15 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">70–74 </td> <td align="right">15 </td> <td align="right">25 </td> <td align="right">40 </td> <td align="right">0.36 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">75–79 </td> <td align="right">15 </td> <td align="right">24 </td> <td align="right">39 </td> <td align="right">0.35 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">80+ </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <th width="50">Age group </th> <th width="80pt">Male </th> <th width="80">Female </th> <th width="80">Total </th> <th width="50">Percent </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">0–14 </td> <td align="right">2 255 </td> <td align="right">2 110 </td> <td align="right">4 365 </td> <td align="right">39.63 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">15–64 </td> <td align="right">3 212 </td> <td align="right">3 231 </td> <td align="right">6 443 </td> <td align="right">58.50 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">65+ </td> <td align="right">80 </td> <td align="right">126 </td> <td align="right">206 </td> <td align="right">1.87 </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vital_statistics">Vital statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Vital statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For births, deaths, and fertility rates, the Nauru Bureau of Statistics was used.<sup id="cite_ref-births_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-births-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-deaths_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deaths-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For population, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>'s mid-year estimated were used.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If a cell is shaded light green and a dagger† stands beside a number, it indicates the estimate from <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, the number of births (366) and birth rate (38.8) was the second-highest during this period. In 2011, the total fertility rate of 4.2 was the highest since 1992 (4.5). Since 2009, there has been a natural change of at least 200 inhabitants—the first since the reparations of the population in 2006. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Vital statistics of Nauru, 1992–2013 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row">Year </th> <th scope="row">Population </th> <th scope="row">Births </th> <th scope="row">Deaths </th> <th scope="row">Change </th> <th scope="row"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="The number of births per 1,000 population">Birth rate</span> </th> <th scope="row"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="The number of deaths per 1,000 population">Death rate</span> </th> <th scope="row"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Crude change, the difference between the birth rate and death rate">C. Change</span> </th> <th scope="row"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Total fertility rate, the number of children per woman">TFR</span> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">1992 </th> <td>9,826 </td> <td>331 </td> <td>64 </td> <td>267 </td> <td>33.7 </td> <td>6.5 </td> <td>27.2 </td> <td>4.5 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">1993 </th> <td>9,823 </td> <td>320 </td> <td>70 </td> <td>250 </td> <td>32.6 </td> <td>7.1 </td> <td>25.5 </td> <td style="background:#3f3;">2.1† </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">1994 </th> <td>9,824 </td> <td>335 </td> <td>53 </td> <td>282 </td> <td>34.1 </td> <td>5.4 </td> <td>28.7 </td> <td style="background:#3f3;">2.2† </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">1995 </th> <td>9,821 </td> <td>309 </td> <td>71 </td> <td>238 </td> <td>31.5 </td> <td>7.2 </td> <td>24.2 </td> <td style="background:#3f3;">2.1† </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">1996 </th> <td>9,830 </td> <td>371 </td> <td>82 </td> <td>289 </td> <td>37.7 </td> <td>8.3 </td> <td>29.4 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">1997 </th> <td>9,868 </td> <td>356 </td> <td>97 </td> <td>259 </td> <td>36.1 </td> <td>9.8 </td> <td>25.9 </td> <td>4.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">1998 </th> <td>9,885 </td> <td>304 </td> <td>97 </td> <td>207 </td> <td>30.8 </td> <td>9.8 </td> <td>20.9 </td> <td style="background:#3f3;">2.1† </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">1999 </th> <td>9,874 </td> <td>306 </td> <td>82 </td> <td>224 </td> <td>31.0 </td> <td>8.3 </td> <td>22.7 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2000 </th> <td>9,861 </td> <td>311 </td> <td>70 </td> <td>241 </td> <td>31.5 </td> <td>7.1 </td> <td>24.4 </td> <td style="background:#3f3;">3.7† </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2001 </th> <td>9,890 </td> <td>325 </td> <td>123 </td> <td>202 </td> <td>32.9 </td> <td>12.4 </td> <td>20.4 </td> <td style="background:#3f3;">3.6† </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2002 </th> <td>9,916 </td> <td>314 </td> <td>92 </td> <td>222 </td> <td>31.7 </td> <td>9.3 </td> <td>22.4 </td> <td>3.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2003 </th> <td>9,926 </td> <td>212 </td> <td>76 </td> <td>136 </td> <td>21.4 </td> <td>7.7 </td> <td>13.7 </td> <td>2.5 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2004 </th> <td>9,969 </td> <td>253 </td> <td>75 </td> <td>178 </td> <td>25.4 </td> <td>7.5 </td> <td>17.9 </td> <td>3.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2005 </th> <td>10,014 </td> <td>194 </td> <td>80 </td> <td>114 </td> <td>19.4 </td> <td>8.0 </td> <td>11.4 </td> <td>2.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2006 </th> <td>9,565 </td> <td>190 </td> <td>88 </td> <td>102 </td> <td>19.9 </td> <td>9.2 </td> <td>10.7 </td> <td>2.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2007 </th> <td>9,115 </td> <td>171 </td> <td>74 </td> <td>97 </td> <td>18.8 </td> <td>8.1 </td> <td>10.6 </td> <td>2.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2008 </th> <td>9,162 </td> <td>206 </td> <td>84 </td> <td>122 </td> <td>22.5 </td> <td>9.2 </td> <td>13.3 </td> <td>2.5 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2009 </th> <td>9,213 </td> <td>273 </td> <td>57 </td> <td>216 </td> <td>29.6 </td> <td>6.2 </td> <td>23.4 </td> <td>3.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2010 </th> <td>9,267 </td> <td>322 </td> <td>69 </td> <td>253 </td> <td>34.7 </td> <td>7.4 </td> <td>27.3 </td> <td>3.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2011 </th> <td>9,322 </td> <td>370 </td> <td>75 </td> <td>295 </td> <td>39.7 </td> <td>8.0 </td> <td>31.6 </td> <td>4.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2012 </th> <td>9,378 </td> <td>319 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>34.0 </td> <td style="background:#3f3;">6.0† </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="background:#3f3;">3.0† </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">2013 </th> <td>9,434 </td> <td>366 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>38.8 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> 2011-2021 data from NAURU 2021 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS - ANALYTICAL REPORT<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="70">Year </th> <th width="70">Population </th> <th width="70">Live births </th> <th width="70">Deaths </th> <th width="70">Natural increase </th> <th width="70">Total Fertility Rate </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2011 </td> <td align="right">9,945 </td> <td align="right">427 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">4.86 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2012 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">378 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">4.32 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2013 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">353 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">3.94 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2014 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">350 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">3.93 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2015 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">371 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">4.11 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2016 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">395 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">4.38 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2017 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">380 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">4.19 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2018 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">317 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">3.45 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2019 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">283 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">3.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2020 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">327 </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right"> </td> <td align="right">3.47 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2021 </td> <td align="right">11,680 </td> <td align="right">332 </td> <td align="right">74 </td> <td align="right">258 </td> <td align="right">3.41 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ethnic_groups">Ethnic groups</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ethnic groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nauru, as of 2011, is mainly inhabited by <a href="/wiki/Nauruan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauruan people">Nauruans</a> (94%), while the main minority groups include <a href="/wiki/Fijians" title="Fijians">Fijians</a> (1%), Chinese (1%), and <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon Island">Solomon Islanders</a> (1%). This shows a major change from the previous major census of 2002, when Nauruans represented 75% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-nbs11-83_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbs11-83-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Constitution Nauru does not exclude any ethnic group to become a citizen.<sup id="cite_ref-const_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-const-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Ethnic group </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2">2011 </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2">2006 </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2">2002 </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">Number </th> <th scope="col">% </th> <th scope="col">Number </th> <th scope="col">% </th> <th scope="col">Number </th> <th scope="col">% </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Nauruan </th> <td>9,313</td> <td>93.6</td> <td>9,547</td> <td>95.8</td> <td>7,572</td> <td>75.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">I-Kiribati </th> <td>178</td> <td>1.8</td> <td>146</td> <td>1.5</td> <td>1,259</td> <td>12.5 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Chinese </th> <td>145</td> <td>1.5</td> <td>61</td> <td>0.6</td> <td>463</td> <td>4.6 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Other </th> <td>309</td> <td>3.1</td> <td>214</td> <td>2.1</td> <td>771</td> <td>7.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Total </th> <th>9,945</th> <th>100</th> <th>9,968</th> <th>100</th> <th>10,065</th> <th>100 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="7">Source: Nauru Bureau of Statistics<sup id="cite_ref-nbs11-83_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbs11-83-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>The recent sizable immigration event of Chinese people happened in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Languages">Languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Nauruan_language" title="Nauruan language">Nauruan language</a> is the official language of Nauru.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> English is widely understood and is used for most government and commercial purposes,<sup id="cite_ref-factbook_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-factbook-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is official.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 2011 census, 95.3% of the population speaks Nauruan, 66.0% speak English, and 11.9% speak another language.<sup id="cite_ref-2011cen_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011cen-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nauruan is an <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian</a> language, however, no adequate written grammar of the language has been compiled, and its relationships to other <a href="/wiki/Micronesian_languages" title="Micronesian languages">Micronesian languages</a> are not well understood.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religions">Religions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Religions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nauru" title="Religion in Nauru">Religion in Nauru</a></div> <div class="barbox tleft" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,white); color: var(--color-base,black)"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religion in Nauru, 2011<sup id="cite_ref-CIANAURU_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIANAURU-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">religion</td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">percent</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Nauru_Congregational_Church" title="Nauru Congregational Church">Nauru Congregational</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#e41a1c; width: 35.7%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;"> 35.7%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#377eb8; width:33%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">33%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God" title="Assemblies of God">Assemblies of God</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#4daf4a; width: 13%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;"> 13%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_indigenous_religion" title="Nauruan indigenous religion">Nauruan indigenous religion</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#984ea3; width:9.5%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">9.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ff7f00; width:1.5%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other or not stated</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#a65628; width:3.7%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">3.7%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>The main religions in Nauru are <a href="/wiki/Nauru_Congregational_Church" title="Nauru Congregational Church">Nauru Congregational</a> (35.71%), <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> (32.96%), <a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God" title="Assemblies of God">Assemblies of God</a> (12.98%), and <a href="/wiki/Nauruan_indigenous_religion" title="Nauruan indigenous religion">Nauruan indigenous religion</a> (9.50%). The biggest changes from 2002 to 2011 were an increase from 0 to 1,291 (Assemblies of God) and 1,417 to 282 (Other).<sup id="cite_ref-CIANAURU_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIANAURU-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Public holidays include New Year's Day (1 January), Independence Day (31 January), Good Friday, Easter Monday, Easter Tuesday, Constitution Day (17 May), National Youth Day (25 September), Christmas Day, and Boxer Day.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Nauruan_indigenous_religion" title="Nauruan indigenous religion">indigenous religion</a> was the predominant religion in Nauru before the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when foreign missionaries introduced Christianity to the island. It is still practised by 9.5% of the population, according to 2011 census. There are a few active Christian missionary organisations, including representatives of Anglicanism, Methodism, and Catholicism. The Constitution provides for <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">freedom of religion</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-const_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-const-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, the Government restricted this right in some circumstances. The government has restricted the religious practices of <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a>, most of whom are foreign workers employed by RONPhos.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Nauru" title="Education in Nauru">Education in Nauru</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nauru_Secondary_School_after_receiving_its_$11_million_Australian-funded_refurbishment,_April_2010._Photo-_DFAT_(12046385216).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Nauru_Secondary_School_after_receiving_its_%2411_million_Australian-funded_refurbishment%2C_April_2010._Photo-_DFAT_%2812046385216%29.jpg/220px-Nauru_Secondary_School_after_receiving_its_%2411_million_Australian-funded_refurbishment%2C_April_2010._Photo-_DFAT_%2812046385216%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Nauru_Secondary_School_after_receiving_its_%2411_million_Australian-funded_refurbishment%2C_April_2010._Photo-_DFAT_%2812046385216%29.jpg/330px-Nauru_Secondary_School_after_receiving_its_%2411_million_Australian-funded_refurbishment%2C_April_2010._Photo-_DFAT_%2812046385216%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Nauru_Secondary_School_after_receiving_its_%2411_million_Australian-funded_refurbishment%2C_April_2010._Photo-_DFAT_%2812046385216%29.jpg/440px-Nauru_Secondary_School_after_receiving_its_%2411_million_Australian-funded_refurbishment%2C_April_2010._Photo-_DFAT_%2812046385216%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4270" data-file-height="2846" /></a><figcaption>A Nauruan secondary school, 2010</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Literacy_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Literacy rate">Literacy rate</a> in Nauru, defined as "people who are currently enrolled in school and/or have reached at least grade 5 of primary education",<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is 96.5%, as of 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-2011cen_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011cen-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are 3,190 students and 104 teachers, as of 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-edu_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edu-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2011 census stated 4 percent of the population aged 15 years or older have a primary education, 91 percent have a secondary education, and 5 percent have a tertiary education.<sup id="cite_ref-2011cen_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011cen-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Education is based on the British system, which requires attendance from 5 to 16 years old. Students spend three years at preschool, six years of primary education, and four years of secondary school. Tertiary school is not required.<sup id="cite_ref-icde_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-icde-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An estimated 10.7 percent of the GDP was spent on education in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2013, there are five preschools, four primary schools, three secondary schools, and one tertiary school.<sup id="cite_ref-edu_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edu-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lone college, <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="University of South Pacific">University of South Pacific</a>, opened in the 1970s via distance courses, and in 1987 a campus was built on the island. It offers accounting, management, primary education, and English studies as majors.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The education system had a near-collapse in 2000–2005. During this time, exams were not held, teachers were not paid, and schools did not have enough funding to continue.<sup id="cite_ref-icde_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-icde-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, over half of the schools closed.<sup id="cite_ref-edu_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edu-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Government" title="Australian Government">Australian Government</a> partnered with the Nauruan Department of Education to help. This agreement resulted in a 5.7% increase in students, teachers with a degree increased from 30% to 93%, and over A$11 million was used to construct a new secondary school.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health">Health</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Health_in_Nauru" title="Health in Nauru">Health in Nauru</a></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Universal_health_care" title="Universal health care">universal healthcare</a> system is present in Nauru, which is provided to all citizens of Nauru without charge.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is only one hospital in Nauru, being the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Nauru_Hospital" title="Republic of Nauru Hospital">Republic of Nauru Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yaren_District" title="Yaren District">Yaren</a>, which offers basic surgical and medical care. However, patients who would need more advanced care would typically travel to <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australian</a> hospitals.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, an estimated 7.5% of its GDP was spent on healthcare.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004, 149 physicians and 557 nurses per 100,000 people were present.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nauru has the world's highest obesity rate, with an obesity rate of 71.7%.<sup id="cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asahi_Shimbun-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nauru's population has a life expectancy of 66 years at birth, ranking it 169th in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economic_indicators">Economic indicators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economic indicators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nauru" title="Economy of Nauru">Economy of Nauru</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Phosphate_exports_in_Nauru,_1968-2001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Phosphate_exports_in_Nauru%2C_1968-2001.svg/220px-Phosphate_exports_in_Nauru%2C_1968-2001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Phosphate_exports_in_Nauru%2C_1968-2001.svg/330px-Phosphate_exports_in_Nauru%2C_1968-2001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Phosphate_exports_in_Nauru%2C_1968-2001.svg/440px-Phosphate_exports_in_Nauru%2C_1968-2001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="380" /></a><figcaption>Phosphate exports (in millions of tonnes) in Nauru from 1968 to 2001.</figcaption></figure> <p>Net monthly income in 2006 averaged <a href="/wiki/Australian_dollar" title="Australian dollar">A$</a>2,597 (A$3,848 in 2014<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-AU_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-AU-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). In the same year, gross monthly income averaged A$9,554 (A$14,154 in 2014<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-AU_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-AU-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). This was calculated during the mini-census of 2006, which featured 54.4% response rate of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The income was calculated using the following factors: first job salary, subsistence, other business income, second job salary, services to other households, benefits, house gifts consumed and received, and other income.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Compared to other countries that use the Australian dollar—Kiribati, Australia, and Tuvalu—Nauru ranks number one in terms of income.<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_AAA"><a href="#endnote_AAA">[{{{2}}}]</a></sup> Since 2013, Nauru does not have a <a href="/wiki/Minimum_wage" title="Minimum wage">minimum wage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nauru's number of employed people has steadily risen and fallen. According to the 2011 census, there are 2,883 employed persons and 908 unemployed persons, making an unemployment rate of 23%.<sup id="cite_ref-stats_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Nauru Bureau of Statistics predicted the unemployment rate will decrease to 22% in FY2014/15.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gross domestic product of Nauru was A$69.55 million in 2009, an increase of 40% increase from 2008. The GDP is broken down into three categories: primary (18.7%—agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing, mining, and quarrying), secondary (36.5%—manufacturing, electric, gas, water, and construction), and tertiary (44.8%—trade, hotel, restaurants, and various services) industries.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A majority of the population are employed in phosphate mining, public administration, education, and transportation.<sup id="cite_ref-factbook_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-factbook-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Nauru_detention_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauru detention centre">detention centre</a> was closed in 2008, which caused the unemployment rate to rise to 30%, and approximately ten percent of the population relied on working at the centre.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The centre reopened in 2012<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and currently serves 1,162 prisoners, as of May 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1990s, Nauru was famous for operating offshore banks, helping with <a href="/wiki/Money_laundering" title="Money laundering">money laundering</a>. The United States State Department's International Narcotics Control Strategy Report estimated there were 400 offshore finance centres laundering an estimated $70 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Phosphate_mining_in_Nauru" class="mw-redirect" title="Phosphate mining in Nauru">Phosphate mining in Nauru</a> originally made Nauru the richest per capita nation in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1968, the <a href="/wiki/Nauru_Phosphate_Royalties_Trust" title="Nauru Phosphate Royalties Trust">Nauru Phosphate Royalties Trust</a> (NPRT) was created to invest profits from mining, so Nauru would have money after the mining was exhausted.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The owners of the trust purchased a fleet of ships and aircraft, a brewery in the <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a>, hotels around the world, and real estate in Australia, the United States and Britain, which caused the trust to go bankrupt.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Phosphate exports peaked in 1973 with 2.3 million tonnes, but has decreased to 0.2 million tonnes in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, mining of a secondary layer of phosphate began.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_AAA"><b><a href="#ref_AAA">^A</a></b></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">For Kiribati, the average annual income was reported as A$8,745, which was divided by 12 months to receive a monthly income.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For Australia, the minimum (A$400) and maximum (A$599) average income was taken from the 2006 census and divided by two to receive the average weekly income; this amount was multiplied by 4.33 to receive the monthly income.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For Tuvalu, the 2005 monthly income was used with an inflation calculator to provide the 2006 value.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nauru&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="2021_Census" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-location-test"> Written at SPC’s Headquarters, B.P. D5, 98 848, Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spccfpstore1.blob.core.windows.net/digitallibrary-docs/files/17/17393b49917952d43c970aad4eb0ef39.pdf?sv=2015-12-11&sr=b&sig=FgjhbNsba9qp0l%2FoX74oNtOVDUyooKe9JY6j7BY%2BHa0%3D&se=2024-05-13T09%3A58%3A24Z&sp=r&rscc=public%2C%20max-age%3D864000%2C%20max-stale%3D86400&rsct=application%2Fpdf&rscd=inline%3B%20filename%3D%22Nauru_2021_Population_and_Housing_Census_Analytical_report.pdf%22"><i>NAURU 2021 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS - ANALYTICAL REPORT</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nauru+Stats+at+a+Glance&rft.pub=Nauru+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spc.int%2Fprism%2Fnauru%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140821062620/http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm">"Population"</a>. <i>World Population Prospectus</i>. United Nations. 2012. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Country+Economic+Report%3A+Nauru&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2-%3C%2Fspan%3E3&rft.pub=Asian+Development+Bank&rft.date=2007&rft.au=Asian+Development+Bank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adb.org%2FDocuments%2FCERs%2FNAU%2FCER-NAU-2007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNauru_Bureau_of_Statistics2011">Nauru Bureau of Statistics 2011</a>, p. 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNauru_Bureau_of_Statistics2011">Nauru Bureau of Statistics 2011</a>, p. 48</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNauru_Bureau_of_Statistics2011">Nauru Bureau of Statistics 2011</a>, p. 52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2011cen-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2011cen_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2011cen_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2011cen_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2011cen_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spc.int/prism/nauru/index.php/population-censuses">"Population Census of 2011"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nauru_Bureau_of_Statistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauru Bureau of Statistics">Nauru Bureau of Statistics</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+Census+of+2011&rft.pub=Nauru+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spc.int%2Fprism%2Fnauru%2Findex.php%2Fpopulation-censuses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Nauru">"Nauru | Land, People, Culture, Economy, Society, & History"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Nauru+%7C+Land%2C+People%2C+Culture%2C+Economy%2C+Society%2C+%26+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FNauru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics">"UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics"</a>. <i>unstats.un.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unstats.un.org&rft.atitle=UNSD+%E2%80%94+Demographic+and+Social+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funstats.un.org%2Funsd%2Fdemographic-social%2Fproducts%2Fdyb%2F%23statistics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-births-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-births_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spc.int/prism/nauru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=190&Itemid=265#births-summary">"Vital Statistics – Births/Fertility"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nauru_Bureau_of_Statistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauru Bureau of Statistics">Nauru Bureau of Statistics</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vital+Statistics+%E2%80%93+Births%2FFertility&rft.pub=Nauru+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spc.int%2Fprism%2Fnauru%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D190%26Itemid%3D265%23births-summary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-deaths-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-deaths_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spc.int/prism/nauru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=189&Itemid=266#mortality-summary">"Vital Statistics – Deaths/Mortality"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nauru_Bureau_of_Statistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauru Bureau of Statistics">Nauru Bureau of Statistics</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vital+Statistics+%E2%80%93+Deaths%2FMortality&rft.pub=Nauru+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spc.int%2Fprism%2Fnauru%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D189%26Itemid%3D266%23mortality-summary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNauru_Bureau_of_Statistics2002">Nauru Bureau of Statistics 2002</a>, p. 94</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/region.php?N=Results&T=6&A=separate&RT=0&Y=1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013&R=-1&C=NR">"Midyear Population and Density – Custom Region – Nauru"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Midyear+Population+and+Density+%E2%80%93+Custom+Region+%E2%80%93+Nauru&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Finternational%2Fdata%2Fidb%2Fregion.php%3FN%3DResults%26T%3D6%26A%3Dseparate%26RT%3D0%26Y%3D1992%2C1993%2C1994%2C1995%2C1996%2C1997%2C1998%2C1999%2C2000%2C2001%2C2002%2C2003%2C2004%2C2005%2C2006%2C2007%2C2008%2C2009%2C2010%2C2011%2C2012%2C2013%26R%3D-1%26C%3DNR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/nauru/index.html">"Nauru – 2014, CIA World Factbook"</a>. Theodora.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nauru+%E2%80%93+2014%2C+CIA+World+Factbook&rft.pub=Theodora.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theodora.com%2Fwfbcurrent%2Fnauru%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240406043742/https://spccfpstore1.blob.core.windows.net/digitallibrary-docs/files/17/17393b49917952d43c970aad4eb0ef39.pdf?sv=2015-12-11&sr=b&sig=Zys5RVTofQPoy2XHnstDZVOoNpZQ3qVNg40ZmZLeXbU%3D&se=2024-10-03T04%3A04%3A04Z&sp=r&rscc=public%2C%20max-age%3D864000%2C%20max-stale%3D86400&rsct=application%2Fpdf&rscd=inline%3B%20filename%3D%22Nauru_2021_Population_and_Housing_Census_Analytical_report.pdf%22">"Nauru 2021 population and housing Census - Analytical report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sbs.gov.ws/documents/census/2021/Factsheet-Samoa-PHC2021SBS_21112022_v4FINAL.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 April 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nauru+2021+population+and+housing+Census+-+Analytical+report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsbs.gov.ws%2Fdocuments%2Fcensus%2F2021%2FFactsheet-Samoa-PHC2021SBS_21112022_v4FINAL.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nbs11-83-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nbs11-83_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbs11-83_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNauru_Bureau_of_Statistics2011">Nauru Bureau of Statistics 2011</a>, p. 83</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-const-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-const_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-const_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naurugov.nr/parliament-of-nauru/constitution-of-nauru.aspx">"Constitution of Nauru"</a>. Nauru Government<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+of+Nauru&rft.pub=Nauru+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naurugov.nr%2Fparliament-of-nauru%2Fconstitution-of-nauru.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNauru_Bureau_of_Statistics2007">Nauru Bureau of Statistics 2007</a>, p. 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeeTupai_Francis2009" class="citation book cs1">Lee, Helen; Tupai Francis, Steve (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uWTz7LqyPYoC"><i>Migration and Transnationalism: Pacific Perspectives</i></a>. Canberra: <a href="/wiki/ANU_Press" title="ANU Press">ANU Press</a>. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781921536915" title="Special:BookSources/9781921536915"><bdi>9781921536915</bdi></a>. <q>In 1993, Chinese migrant families moved to Nauru to establish 83 small businesses attached to Nauruan houses to cater for the fast-food needs of the media and other followers of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">South Pacific Forum</a> meeting held that year on Nauru. Many had to return to China after the Forum, but a few stayed to join the Chinese community on Nauru to sell cooked rice to Naurans.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Migration+and+Transnationalism%3A+Pacific+Perspectives&rft.place=Canberra&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=ANU+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781921536915&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft.au=Tupai+Francis%2C+Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuWTz7LqyPYoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFcia.gov2024" class="citation web cs1">cia.gov (3 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nauru/">"Nauru - the World Economic Factbook"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nauru+-+the+World+Economic+Factbook&rft.date=2024-04-03&rft.au=cia.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fnauru%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-factbook-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-factbook_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-factbook_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nauru/">"Nauru"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. 20 June 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Nauru&rft.date=2014-06-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fnauru%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ronlaw.gov.nr/nauru_lpms/Links/LEGISLATIVE-DRAFTING%20MANUAL-Nauru.pdf">"REPUBLIC OF NAURU Revenue Administration Act – Act No. 15 of 2014"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 January</span> 2023</span>. <q>All Bills are to be drafted in English, the official language of Nauru.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=REPUBLIC+OF+NAURU+Revenue+Administration+Act+%E2%80%93+Act+No.+15+of+2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fronlaw.gov.nr%2Fnauru_lpms%2FLinks%2FLEGISLATIVE-DRAFTING%2520MANUAL-Nauru.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFoster2013" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Foster, Sophie (18 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/406671/Nauru#ref513887">"Nauru"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nauru&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=1&rft.date=2013-11-18&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=Sophie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F406671%2FNauru%23ref513887&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIANAURU-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIANAURU_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIANAURU_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nauru/">"Australia-Oceania :: NAURU"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=From+Rags+to+Riches%3A+What+are+Nauru%27s+Options+and+how+can+Australia+Help%3F&rft.pub=The+Centre+for+Independent+Studies&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cis.org.au%2Fimages%2Fstories%2Fissue-analysis%2Fia50.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Nauru" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNauru_Bureau_of_Statistics2002" class="citation report cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Nauru Bureau of Statistics (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spc.int/prism/country/nr/stats/Publication/Census/NR_Demog%20profile_FINAL-92-02.pdf">Demographic Profile of the Republic of Nauru, 1992–2002</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). 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Nauru Bureau of Statistics. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spc.int/prism/nauru/PublicDocuments/Census/Nauru_2011_Census_Report_FINAL.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Nauru">Head Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_Civil_War" title="Nauruan Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Nauru" title="List of colonial governors of Nauru">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_attacks_on_Nauru" title="German attacks on Nauru">German attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Nauru" title="Japanese occupation of Nauru">Japanese occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nauru" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nauru">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru"><img alt="Nauru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/100px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/150px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/200px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Nauru" title="Geography of Nauru">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canals_in_Nauru" title="Canals in Nauru">Canals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_Nauru" title="Constituencies of Nauru">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_navigational_system" title="Nauruan navigational system">Navigational system</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Nauru" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of Nauru">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aiwo_District" title="Aiwo District">Aiwo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabar_District" title="Anabar District">Anabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anetan_District" title="Anetan District">Anetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anibare_District" title="Anibare District">Anibare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baitsi_District" title="Baitsi District">Baitsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boe_District" title="Boe District">Boe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buada_District" title="Buada District">Buada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denigomodu_District" title="Denigomodu District">Denigomodu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewa_District,_Nauru" title="Ewa District, Nauru">Ewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijuw_District" title="Ijuw District">Ijuw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meneng_District" title="Meneng District">Meneng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nibok_District" title="Nibok District">Nibok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uaboe_District" title="Uaboe District">Uaboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaren_District" title="Yaren District">Yaren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Nauru" title="List of settlements in Nauru">Settlements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aiwo_Constituency" title="Aiwo Constituency">Aiwo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabar_Constituency" title="Anabar Constituency">Anabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anetan_Constituency" title="Anetan Constituency">Anetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boe_Constituency" title="Boe Constituency">Boe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buada_Constituency" title="Buada Constituency">Buada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meneng_Constituency" title="Meneng Constituency">Meneng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubenide_Constituency" title="Ubenide Constituency">Ubenide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaren_Constituency" title="Yaren Constituency">Yaren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Nauru" title="Politics of Nauru">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Nauru" title="Constitution of Nauru">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Nauru" title="Elections in Nauru">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Nauru" title="Foreign relations of Nauru">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Nauru" title="Human rights in Nauru">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Nauru" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Nauru">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru_Independence_Act_1967" title="Nauru Independence Act 1967">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Solution" title="Pacific Solution">Pacific Solution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Nauru" title="Parliament of Nauru">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Nauru" title="List of political parties in Nauru">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Nauru" title="President of Nauru">President</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nauru" title="Economy of Nauru">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_of_Nauru" title="Category:Companies of Nauru">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphate_mining_in_Nauru" class="mw-redirect" title="Phosphate mining in Nauru">Phosphate mining</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_mining_in_Nauru" title="Effects of mining in Nauru">Effects of mining in Nauru</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Nauru" title="Telecommunications in Nauru">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Nauru" title="Transport in Nauru">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Nauru" title="Category:Society of Nauru">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angam_Day" title="Angam Day">Angam Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Nauru" title="Culture of Nauru">Culture</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_indigenous_religion" title="Nauruan indigenous religion">Indigenous religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_Creole" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauruan Creole">Nauruan Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_cuisine" title="Nauruan cuisine">Nauruan cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_language" title="Nauruan language">Nauruan language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Nauru" title="Music of Nauru">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_Nauru" title="Obesity in Nauru">Obesity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Nauru" title="Public holidays in Nauru">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Nauru" title="Category:Sport in Nauru">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Nauru" title="Tourism in Nauru">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Landmarks9" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meneng_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Meneng Stadium">Meneng Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru_Regional_Processing_Centre" title="Nauru Regional Processing Centre">Nauru Regional Processing Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru_Secondary_School" title="Nauru Secondary School">Nauru Secondary School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Nauru" title="Outline of Nauru">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Nauru-related_articles" title="Index of Nauru-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nauru" title="Category:Nauru">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Demographics_of_Oceania118" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oceania_topic" title="Template talk:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oceania topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Demographics_of_Oceania118" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Oceania" title="Demographics of Oceania">Demographics of Oceania </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Australia" title="Demographics of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Demographics of the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Fiji" title="Demographics of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Indonesia" title="Demographics of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kiribati" title="Demographics of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Demographics of the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_Zealand" title="Demographics of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Palau" title="Demographics of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Demographics of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Samoa" title="Demographics of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Demographics of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Timor-Leste" title="Demographics of Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Tonga" title="Demographics of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Tuvalu" title="Demographics of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Vanuatu" title="Demographics of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated states<br />of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Cook_Islands" title="Demographics of the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies<br />and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_American_Samoa" title="Demographics of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Demographics of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Easter_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_French_Polynesia" title="Demographics of French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Guam" title="Demographics of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_Caledonia" title="Demographics of New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Norfolk_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a 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