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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>2016</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.4</span> <span>2018</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Tenure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Response_to_the_2018_State_of_the_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Response_to_the_2018_State_of_the_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Response to the 2018 State of the Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Response_to_the_2018_State_of_the_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020_U.S._Senate_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_U.S._Senate_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>2020 U.S. Senate campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_U.S._Senate_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biden_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biden_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Biden administration</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biden_administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Biden administration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biden_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States_Special_Envoy_to_Northern_Ireland_for_Economic_Affairs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_Special_Envoy_to_Northern_Ireland_for_Economic_Affairs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>United States Special Envoy to Northern Ireland for Economic Affairs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_Special_Envoy_to_Northern_Ireland_for_Economic_Affairs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Political positions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political positions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Civil_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Civil rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marijuana_legalization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marijuana_legalization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Marijuana legalization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marijuana_legalization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate_change" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate_change"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Climate change</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate_change-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Racial_inequality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Racial_inequality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Racial inequality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Racial_inequality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Health care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Joe Kennedy III</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB" title="جوزيف كينيدي الثالث – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جوزيف كينيدي الثالث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%81_%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85" title="جوزف کندی سوم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جوزف کندی سوم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8_III" title="Джоузеф Кенеди III – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джоузеф Кенеди III" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Patrick_Kennedy_III" title="Joseph Patrick Kennedy III – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Joseph Patrick Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_III" title="Joseph P. Kennedy III – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Joseph P. Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%81_%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85" title="جوزف کندی سوم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جوزف کندی سوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_III" title="Joseph P. Kennedy III – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Joseph P. Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0_%EC%BC%80%EB%84%A4%EB%94%94_3%EC%84%B8" title="조 케네디 3세 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조 케네디 3세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%B8%D5%A6%D5%A5%D6%86_%D5%94%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%AB_%D5%A5%D6%80%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4" title="Ջոզեֆ Քեննեդի երրորդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջոզեֆ Քեննեդի երրորդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Kennedy_III" title="Joe Kennedy III – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Joe Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Kennedy_III" title="Joe Kennedy III – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Joe Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%96%D7%A3_%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99" title="ג'וזף קנדי השלישי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'וזף קנדי השלישי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Kennedy_III" title="Joe Kennedy III – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Joe Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Kennedy_III" title="Joe Kennedy III – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Joe Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA" title="چوزيف كينيدى التالت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="چوزيف كينيدى التالت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Patrick_Kennedy_III" title="Joseph Patrick Kennedy III – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Joseph Patrick Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%82%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%83%91%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B1%E3%83%8D%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="ジョセフ・パトリック・ケネディ三世 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョセフ・パトリック・ケネディ三世" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Kennedy_III" title="Joe Kennedy III – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Joe Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_III" title="Joseph P. Kennedy III – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Joseph P. Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Patrick_Kennedy_III" title="Joseph Patrick Kennedy III – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Joseph Patrick Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE_III" title="Кеннеди, Джо III – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кеннеди, Джо III" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Kennedy_III" title="Joe Kennedy III – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Joe Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_III" title="Joseph P. Kennedy III – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Joseph P. Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Kennedy_III" title="Joe Kennedy III – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Joe Kennedy III" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96_III" title="Джо Кеннеді III – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джо Кеннеді III" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%E7%94%98%E8%BF%BA%E8%BF%AA%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="約瑟夫甘迺迪三世 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="約瑟夫甘迺迪三世" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%AC%C2%B7%E7%94%98%E8%BF%BA%E8%BF%AA%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="喬·甘迺迪三世 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="喬·甘迺迪三世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1707784#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> 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searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (born 1980)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Joe Kennedy III</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Joe_Kennedy_III_State_Dept_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Joe_Kennedy_III_State_Dept_portrait.jpg/220px-Joe_Kennedy_III_State_Dept_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Joe_Kennedy_III_State_Dept_portrait.jpg/330px-Joe_Kennedy_III_State_Dept_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Joe_Kennedy_III_State_Dept_portrait.jpg/440px-Joe_Kennedy_III_State_Dept_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4895" data-file-height="6119" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2023</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Special_Envoy_for_Northern_Ireland" title="United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland">United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />December 19, 2022</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mick_Mulvaney" title="Mick Mulvaney">Mick Mulvaney</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>'s <span data-sort-value="Massachusetts04 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district">4th</a></span> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Barney_Frank" title="Barney Frank">Barney Frank</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jake_Auchincloss" title="Jake Auchincloss">Jake Auchincloss</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Joseph Patrick Kennedy III</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1980-10-04</span>) </span>October 4, 1980<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 44)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston, Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Lauren Birchfield</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="December 1, 2012">2012</span>)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_II" title="Joseph P. Kennedy II">Joseph P. Kennedy II</a> (father)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Kennedy family</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">BS</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Joe_Kennedy_III_signature.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joe Kennedy III's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Joe_Kennedy_III_signature.jpg/128px-Joe_Kennedy_III_signature.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Joe_Kennedy_III_signature.jpg/192px-Joe_Kennedy_III_signature.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Joe_Kennedy_III_signature.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="102" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Joe_Kennedy_speaking_to_Sikhs.ogg" title="File:Joe Kennedy speaking to Sikhs.ogg">Joe Kennedy's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="41" data-mwtitle="Joe_Kennedy_speaking_to_Sikhs.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Joe_Kennedy_speaking_to_Sikhs.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Joe_Kennedy_speaking_to_Sikhs.ogg/Joe_Kennedy_speaking_to_Sikhs.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">On <a href="/wiki/Dalip_Singh_Saund" title="Dalip Singh Saund">Dalip Singh Saund</a><br />Recorded February 2020</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Joseph Patrick Kennedy III</b> (born October 4, 1980) is an American politician and diplomat who has been the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Special_Envoy_for_Northern_Ireland" title="United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland">United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland</a> since 2022. Prior to this, Kennedy served as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. representative</a> for <span data-sort-value="Massachusetts04 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district">Massachusetts's 4th congressional district</a></span> from 2013 to 2021. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>, he represented a district that extends from <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>'s western suburbs to the state's <a href="/wiki/South_Coast_(Massachusetts)" title="South Coast (Massachusetts)">South Coast</a>. He worked as an assistant district attorney in the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod" title="Cape Cod">Cape and Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts">Middlesex County, Massachusetts</a>, offices before his election to Congress. In January 2021, he became a <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> commentator.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A member of the <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Kennedy family</a>, he is a son of U.S. Representative <a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_II" title="Joseph P. Kennedy II">Joseph P. Kennedy II</a>, a grandson of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">U.S. Attorney General</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a>, a grandnephew of U.S. President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> and U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a>, and a great-grandson of U.S. Ambassador to Great Britain <a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_Sr." title="Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.">Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.</a> </p><p>Born in Boston, Kennedy was raised in the area with his twin brother, Matthew Rauch Kennedy. After graduating from <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> with a bachelor's degree, he spent two years in the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Peace_Corps" title="Peace Corps">Peace Corps</a>, before earning a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_School" title="Harvard Law School">Harvard Law School</a> in 2009. He resigned from his role as assistant district attorney in early 2012 to run for the U.S. House of Representatives seat held by the retiring <a href="/wiki/Barney_Frank" title="Barney Frank">Barney Frank</a>. Kennedy was sworn into office in January 2013, and sat on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce" title="United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce">House Committee on Energy and Commerce</a>. In 2020, Kennedy unsuccessfully challenged incumbent Senator <a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">Ed Markey</a> for the Democratic nomination in the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2020 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts U.S. Senate election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was succeeded by fellow Democrat, and distant cousin-in-law, <a href="/wiki/Jake_Auchincloss" title="Jake Auchincloss">Jake Auchincloss</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since leaving office, he has founded Groundwork Project, which focuses on boosting local community organizing efforts throughout the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has also joined several advisory boards and has appeared as a political commentator for <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 4, 2021, President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> appointed him to be a member of the <a href="/wiki/President%27s_Commission_on_White_House_Fellowships" class="mw-redirect" title="President's Commission on White House Fellowships">President's Commission on White House Fellowships</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2022, Kennedy was named the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Special_Envoy_for_Northern_Ireland" title="United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland">United States Special Envoy to Northern Ireland for Economic Affairs</a> by President Biden.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kennedy was born on October 4, 1980,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Brigham_and_Women%27s_Hospital" title="Brigham and Women's Hospital">Brigham and Women's Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, to Sheila Brewster (Rauch) (b. 1949) and <a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_II" title="Joseph P. Kennedy II">Joseph P. Kennedy II</a>. He was born eight minutes after his fraternal twin brother, Matthew. The twins are the eldest grandsons of Senator <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ethel_Kennedy" title="Ethel Kennedy">Ethel Kennedy</a>. Kennedy is also the great-great-grandson of <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Brewster_(financier)" title="Benjamin Brewster (financier)">Benjamin Brewster</a>, one of the original trustees of <a href="/wiki/Standard_Oil" title="Standard Oil">Standard Oil</a>, and a direct descendant of <i><a href="/wiki/Mayflower" title="Mayflower">Mayflower</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Pilgrims" class="mw-redirect" title="Pilgrims">Pilgrim</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Brewster_(pilgrim)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Brewster (pilgrim)">William Brewster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-globe-2012_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globe-2012-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were raised in Brighton and the coastal town of <a href="/wiki/Marshfield,_Massachusetts" title="Marshfield, Massachusetts">Marshfield, Massachusetts</a>, also spending summers on <a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod" title="Cape Cod">Cape Cod</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-capecod-2010_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capecod-2010-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From birth, Kennedy was surrounded by politics; in 1980, his parents worked on the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries,_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1980">presidential campaign</a> of U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a>, the boys' grand-uncle. Kennedy's father was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1986. His parents divorced in 1991. The twins spent the following years moving between Brighton and <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-globe-2012_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globe-2012-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_P_Kennedy_III_in_Dominican_Republic.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Joseph_P_Kennedy_III_in_Dominican_Republic.png/220px-Joseph_P_Kennedy_III_in_Dominican_Republic.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Joseph_P_Kennedy_III_in_Dominican_Republic.png/330px-Joseph_P_Kennedy_III_in_Dominican_Republic.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Joseph_P_Kennedy_III_in_Dominican_Republic.png/440px-Joseph_P_Kennedy_III_in_Dominican_Republic.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="262" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy (left) in the Dominican Republic as part of the Peace Corps</figcaption></figure> <p>After graduating from <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Browne_%26_Nichols" class="mw-redirect" title="Buckingham Browne & Nichols">Buckingham Browne & Nichols</a> School in Cambridge, Kennedy and his brother enrolled at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, where he majored in <a href="/wiki/Management_science" title="Management science">management science</a> and engineering. Kennedy's reputation as a <a href="/wiki/Teetotaler" class="mw-redirect" title="Teetotaler">teetotaler</a> earned him the college nickname "Milkman", as his teammates on the club <a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse">lacrosse</a> team would jokingly order him glasses of milk at bars.<sup id="cite_ref-globe-2012_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globe-2012-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-natjour_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-natjour-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Stanford, Kennedy roomed with future <a href="/wiki/NBA" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA">NBA</a> player <a href="/wiki/Jason_Collins" title="Jason Collins">Jason Collins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After graduating in 2003, Kennedy joined the <a href="/wiki/Peace_Corps" title="Peace Corps">Peace Corps</a>; a fluent Spanish speaker, he worked in the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Plata_Province" title="Puerto Plata Province">Puerto Plata</a> province from 2004 to 2006, helping local tour guides in the 27 Charcos reserve in the Río Damajagua Park. He reorganized the group with some outside backing, directing the guides to rebuild parts of the park and develop skills to make the operation more attractive to tourists.<sup id="cite_ref-globe-2012_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globe-2012-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-natjour_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-natjour-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "We basically created a union," said Kennedy, who reported that the group's efforts won higher wages for employees while increasing the tour companies' revenue.<sup id="cite_ref-capecod-2009_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capecod-2009-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a press release, his other activities in the Peace Corps included "stints as an Anti-Poverty Consultant for the Office of the President of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Timor-Leste" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste">Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste</a> and a Research Analyst for the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Development Program">United Nations Development Program</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-da-2011_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-da-2011-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Entry_into_law_and_politics">Entry into law and politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Entry into law and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FileJoseph_P._Kennedy_III_2011_uncropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/FileJoseph_P._Kennedy_III_2011_uncropped.jpg/154px-FileJoseph_P._Kennedy_III_2011_uncropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/FileJoseph_P._Kennedy_III_2011_uncropped.jpg/231px-FileJoseph_P._Kennedy_III_2011_uncropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/FileJoseph_P._Kennedy_III_2011_uncropped.jpg/307px-FileJoseph_P._Kennedy_III_2011_uncropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1902" data-file-height="2215" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy speaking at the 50th Anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Memorial_Stadium" title="Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium">Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium</a> (2011)</figcaption></figure> <p>In April 2006, Kennedy returned to <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, where he and his brother co-chaired Ted Kennedy's <a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2006 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">re-election campaign</a>. The same month, Kennedy enrolled in <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_School" title="Harvard Law School">Harvard Law School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-globe-2012_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globe-2012-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There, he worked for the <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Legal_Aid_Bureau" title="Harvard Legal Aid Bureau">Harvard Legal Aid Bureau</a>, providing legal aid to low-income tenants with foreclosure cases in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2008">2008 financial crisis</a>, and as a technical editor for the <i>Harvard Human Rights Journal</i>, on a staff with his classmate and future wife, Lauren Anne Birchfield.<sup id="cite_ref-globe-2012_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globe-2012-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, he and Birchfield co-founded <i>Picture This: Justice and Power</i>, an after-school program for youths in Boston's <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Plain" title="Jamaica Plain">Jamaica Plain</a> neighborhood.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-harvard-2012_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvard-2012-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He began an internship at the Cape and Islands District Attorney's Office in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-da-2011_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-da-2011-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After earning his <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> in 2009, Kennedy was hired at the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod" title="Cape Cod">Cape and Islands</a> District Attorney's Office as an <a href="/wiki/District_attorney" title="District attorney">assistant district attorney</a> (ADA). He considered running for the Cape-based U.S. House seat held by retiring Rep. <a href="/wiki/Bill_Delahunt" title="Bill Delahunt">Bill Delahunt</a> in early 2010 but decided against it.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2011, he joined the <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts">Middlesex County, Massachusetts</a> District Attorney's Office, also as an ADA.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He resigned several months later, in preparation for the announcement that he would seek political office.<sup id="cite_ref-Exploring_run_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Exploring_run-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._House_of_Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: U.S. House of Representatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2012">2012</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district_election,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district election, 2012">Massachusetts's 4th congressional district election, 2012</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joe_Kennedy_III,_Elizabeth_Warren,_Barney_Frank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_Elizabeth_Warren%2C_Barney_Frank.jpg/220px-Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_Elizabeth_Warren%2C_Barney_Frank.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_Elizabeth_Warren%2C_Barney_Frank.jpg/330px-Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_Elizabeth_Warren%2C_Barney_Frank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_Elizabeth_Warren%2C_Barney_Frank.jpg/440px-Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_Elizabeth_Warren%2C_Barney_Frank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy (left) campaigning with <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Elizabeth Warren</a> (center), and his predecessor <a href="/wiki/Barney_Frank" title="Barney Frank">Barney Frank</a> (right), 2012 <a href="/wiki/Pride_parade" title="Pride parade">Boston Pride Parade</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In January 2012, Kennedy announced he would form an exploratory committee to run in the newly redrawn <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district">4th congressional district of Massachusetts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Exploring_run_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Exploring_run-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kennedy explained, "I will then begin to reach out to the people of the Fourth District, in order to hear directly from them about the challenges they are facing and their ideas on how we can restore fairness to our system. I will make a final decision about entering the race in the weeks thereafter."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He officially entered the election in February 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an announcement video, Kennedy declared, "I believe this country was founded on a simple idea: that every person deserves to be treated fairly, by each other and by their government".<sup id="cite_ref-youtube1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-youtube1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same video, Kennedy vowed to fight for a "fair job plan", a "better educational system", a "fair tax code", and a "fair housing policy".<sup id="cite_ref-youtube1_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-youtube1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While several Democratic candidates had prepared to enter the race, the field nearly cleared once Kennedy announced his candidacy. His family roots made him the overwhelming favorite among Massachusetts Democrats.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the September 6 primary, he faced Rachel Brown, a <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche" title="Lyndon LaRouche">Lyndon LaRouche</a> acolyte, and Herb Robinson, an engineer and musician, winning the primary with around 90 percent of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> on November 6, 2012, defeating <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Sean_Bielat" class="mw-redirect" title="Sean Bielat">Sean Bielat</a>, winning over 60% of the vote. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2014">2014</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2014"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Massachusetts#District_4" title="2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts">2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts § District 4</a></div> <p>In the 2014 election, Kennedy ran unopposed in the primary and general elections. On November 4, 2014, he was re-elected to a second term with 184,158 votes (98%).<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2016">2016</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2016"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Massachusetts#District_4" title="2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts">2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts § District 4</a></div> <p>In 2016, after running unopposed in the Democratic primary, Kennedy was re-elected to a third term, defeating Republican David Rosa by more than 40 percentage points.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2018">2018</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2018"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Massachusetts#District_4" title="2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts">2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts § District 4</a></div> <p>Kennedy was mentioned as a potential candidate for the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election,_2018" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts gubernatorial election, 2018">2018 Massachusetts gubernatorial election</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but declined, running for re-election to the House and saying he had no plans to run for any other office.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was re-elected unopposed. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width:22em; float:right; clear:right; margin-left:1em; font-size:88%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Committee assignments </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th Congress</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2017–19)</span><sup id="cite_ref-roll-call-bio_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roll-call-bio-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce" title="United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce">Energy and Commerce</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Energy_Subcommittee_on_Commerce,_Manufacturing_and_Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Energy Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing and Trade">Commerce, Manufacturing, and Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Energy_Subcommittee_on_Health" title="United States House Energy Subcommittee on Health">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Energy_Subcommittee_on_Oversight_and_Investigations" title="United States House Energy Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations">Oversight and Investigations</a></li></ul></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure">Tenure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Celebration_of_the_Life_of_Robert_F._Kennedy_on_the_50th_Anniversary_of_His_Assassination_(41726857205).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Celebration_of_the_Life_of_Robert_F._Kennedy_on_the_50th_Anniversary_of_His_Assassination_%2841726857205%29.jpg/220px-Celebration_of_the_Life_of_Robert_F._Kennedy_on_the_50th_Anniversary_of_His_Assassination_%2841726857205%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Celebration_of_the_Life_of_Robert_F._Kennedy_on_the_50th_Anniversary_of_His_Assassination_%2841726857205%29.jpg/330px-Celebration_of_the_Life_of_Robert_F._Kennedy_on_the_50th_Anniversary_of_His_Assassination_%2841726857205%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Celebration_of_the_Life_of_Robert_F._Kennedy_on_the_50th_Anniversary_of_His_Assassination_%2841726857205%29.jpg/440px-Celebration_of_the_Life_of_Robert_F._Kennedy_on_the_50th_Anniversary_of_His_Assassination_%2841726857205%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7360" data-file-height="4912" /></a><figcaption>Joe Kennedy III speaks during a ceremony celebrating the life of his grandfather, <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a>, in 2018.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joe_Kennedy_III,_official_portrait,_116th_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_Congress.jpg/176px-Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="176" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_Congress.jpg/264px-Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_Congress.jpg/352px-Joe_Kennedy_III%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3360" data-file-height="4200" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy's official portrait during the <a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th United States Congress</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Kennedy was sworn into the <a href="/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th U.S. Congress</a> on January 3, 2013, and assigned to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Foreign_Affairs" title="United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs">Committee on Foreign Affairs</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Science,_Space_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Science, Space and Technology">Committee on Science, Space, and Technology</a>. He praised the technology committee assignment as an opportunity to secure federal funding, including <a href="/wiki/National_Science_Foundation" title="National Science Foundation">National Science Foundation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Small_Business_Innovation_Research" title="Small Business Innovation Research">Small Business Innovation Research</a> grants, for life sciences companies in his district. As a freshman in his party, he was unable to secure a seat he had sought on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Education_and_the_Workforce" title="United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce">Education Committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During a February science committee hearing, Kennedy questioned <a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a> president Richard Templeton about the company's efforts to compensate cancer-stricken former employees of its <a href="/wiki/Attleboro,_Massachusetts" title="Attleboro, Massachusetts">Attleboro, Massachusetts</a>, nuclear facility.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A prolific fundraiser, he launched his <a href="/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">political action committee</a>, the 4MA PAC, in April.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a member of the Foreign Affairs Committee, he traveled in May with four other legislators to <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, where they met with President <a href="/wiki/Hamid_Karzai" title="Hamid Karzai">Hamid Karzai</a> and members of the military.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That month, he was named chairman of Governor <a href="/wiki/Deval_Patrick" title="Deval Patrick">Deval Patrick</a>'s <a href="/wiki/STEM_fields" class="mw-redirect" title="STEM fields">STEM</a> Advisory Council.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 24, 2013, Kennedy was one of seven members of the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (CPC) to vote against the Amash-Conyers amendment to limit Section 215 of the <a href="/wiki/Patriot_Act" title="Patriot Act">Patriot Act</a>, which tried to restrict <a href="/wiki/NSA" class="mw-redirect" title="NSA">NSA</a> surveillance programs. In contrast, a majority of both CPC members and of Democratic members of Congress voted for the amendment, while Kennedy stood out as a supporter of the party leadership. His vote has been criticized as a sign for a lack of commitment to <a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties_in_the_United_States" title="Civil liberties in the United States">civil liberties</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kennedy was a member of the <a href="/wiki/U.S.-Japan_Caucus" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S.-Japan Caucus">U.S.-Japan Caucus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Response_to_the_2018_State_of_the_Union">Response to the 2018 State of the Union</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Response to the 2018 State of the Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 26, 2018, House Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> and Senate Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a> announced that Kennedy would deliver the Democratic response to President Donald Trump's 2018 State of the Union address.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His selection came after criticism that the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> had relied too heavily on its oldest leaders since the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 presidential election</a>. In choosing Kennedy, the party was seen as trying to bridge the gap with a new face attached to <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">one of the most famous names in American politics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 30, he gave the response to television cameras and a live studio audience in the automotive body shop of <a href="/wiki/Diman_Regional_Vocational_Technical_High_School" title="Diman Regional Vocational Technical High School">Diman Regional Vocational Technical High School</a> at <a href="/wiki/Fall_River,_Massachusetts" title="Fall River, Massachusetts">Fall River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The location was meant to emphasize the role immigrants have in American society. He spent the opening minutes of his speech boasting about the economy and industrial history of Fall River, a city in <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district">his district</a>. His audience included Diman Regional Technical School students. He praised <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a>, and spoke in Spanish about <a href="/wiki/Deferred_Action_for_Childhood_Arrivals" title="Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals">children who were brought into the United States illegally when they were minors</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also took numerous swings at Trump, criticizing the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a> for "rolling back civil rights by the day" and attacking the administration for "targeting the very idea that we are all worthy of protection".<sup id="cite_ref-auto_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He accused Trump of turning American life "into a zero-sum game",<sup id="cite_ref-auto_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and said that Democrats intended to aid the middle and lower classes. He closed by characterizing the state of the union as "hopeful, resilient, enduring".<sup id="cite_ref-auto_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2020_U.S._Senate_campaign">2020 U.S. Senate campaign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 2020 U.S. Senate campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kennedy_for_Massachusetts_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Kennedy_for_Massachusetts_logo.png/250px-Kennedy_for_Massachusetts_logo.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Kennedy_for_Massachusetts_logo.png/375px-Kennedy_for_Massachusetts_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Kennedy_for_Massachusetts_logo.png/500px-Kennedy_for_Massachusetts_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="2386" data-file-height="602" /></a><figcaption>Logo for Kennedy's 2020 Senate Campaign</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2020 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">2020 United States Senate election in Massachusetts</a></div> <p>On August 26, 2019, Kennedy announced he was considering a primary challenge against incumbent Senator <a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">Ed Markey</a>, and on September 21, he formally announced his candidacy. He announced that he would not seek re-election, instead challenging Markey in the Democratic primary for the 2020 United States Senate election in Massachusetts.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 1, 2020, Markey defeated him in the Democratic primary. Kennedy became the first member of <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">his family</a> to lose an election in Massachusetts.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His defeat was widely attributed to his inability to explain his reasons for running. Additionally, Markey had strength among <a href="/wiki/Progressivism_in_the_United_States" title="Progressivism in the United States">progressives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Youth_vote_in_the_United_States" title="Youth vote in the United States">younger voters</a>, buoyed by active youth involvement. Kennedy was endorsed by House Speaker <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a>, while Markey had the support of Senate Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a>, former Vice President <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a>, Senator <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Elizabeth Warren</a>, Representative <a href="/wiki/Alexandria_Ocasio-Cortez" title="Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez">Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez</a>, the youth-led <a href="/wiki/Sunrise_Movement" title="Sunrise Movement">Sunrise Movement</a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The race was considered a showdown between the Democratic establishment and its new and growing progressive wing, although the lines between the two were blurred, as Kennedy was a member of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, endorsed by many members, and Markey had been in Congress 43 years at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biden_administration">Biden administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Biden administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_Blinken_Meets_With_Special_Envoy_Kennedy_(52623693644)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Secretary_Blinken_Meets_With_Special_Envoy_Kennedy_%2852623693644%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Secretary_Blinken_Meets_With_Special_Envoy_Kennedy_%2852623693644%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Secretary_Blinken_Meets_With_Special_Envoy_Kennedy_%2852623693644%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Secretary_Blinken_Meets_With_Special_Envoy_Kennedy_%2852623693644%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Secretary_Blinken_Meets_With_Special_Envoy_Kennedy_%2852623693644%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Secretary_Blinken_Meets_With_Special_Envoy_Kennedy_%2852623693644%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3713" data-file-height="3355" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy with Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a> in 2023</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_Special_Envoy_to_Northern_Ireland_for_Economic_Affairs">United States Special Envoy to Northern Ireland for Economic Affairs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: United States Special Envoy to Northern Ireland for Economic Affairs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On December 19, 2022, President Biden announced Kennedy would replace <a href="/wiki/Mick_Mulvaney" title="Mick Mulvaney">Mick Mulvaney</a> as <a href="/wiki/United_States_Special_Envoy_for_Northern_Ireland" title="United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland">U.S. Special Envoy for Northern Ireland</a>. Mulvaney retired in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-Envoy_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Envoy-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although not strictly a diplomatic role, he is the fifth Kennedy family member to serve as a diplomat/foreign envoy. Cousin <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Kennedy" title="Caroline Kennedy">Caroline Kennedy</a> was <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Japan">U.S. Ambassador to Japan</a> from 2013 to 2017 and has been <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Australia">U.S. Ambassador to Australia</a> since June 2022. Aunt <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Reggie_Kennedy" title="Victoria Reggie Kennedy">Victoria Reggie Kennedy</a> has been <a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Austria" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Austria">U.S. Ambassador to Austria</a> since January 2022. Aunt <a href="/wiki/Jean_Kennedy_Smith" title="Jean Kennedy Smith">Jean Kennedy Smith</a> was <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Ireland">U.S. Ambassador to Ireland</a> from 1993 to 1998. Uncle <a href="/wiki/Sargent_Shriver" title="Sargent Shriver">Sargent Shriver</a> was <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_France" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to France">U.S. Ambassador to France</a> from 1968 to 1970. Great-grandfather <a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_Sr." title="Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.">Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.</a> was <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Great_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Great Britain">U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom</a> from 1938 to 1940. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Political positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_rights">Civil rights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Civil rights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kennedy has co-sponsored legislation to study <a href="/wiki/Reparations_for_slavery" title="Reparations for slavery">reparations for slavery</a>, supports measures to expand the <a href="/wiki/Native_American_civil_rights" title="Native American civil rights">civil rights of Native Americans</a>, opposes discrimination in employment, housing, education, and health care, and supports removing barriers to equal opportunities for <a href="/wiki/People_with_disabilities" class="mw-redirect" title="People with disabilities">people with disabilities</a>, including improving access to <a href="/wiki/Public_transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Public transportation in the United States">public transit</a>, housing, voting, and education. He supports <a href="/wiki/LGBTQIA%2B_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBTQIA+ rights">LGBTQIA+ rights</a>, recognition of a national <a href="/wiki/Transgender_Day_of_Remembrance" title="Transgender Day of Remembrance">Transgender Day of Remembrance</a> and was a member of the Congressional Transgender Equality Task Force. In the area of <a href="/wiki/Gender_equity" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender equity">gender equity</a>, he is an advocate of legislation to end <a href="/wiki/Employment_discrimination" title="Employment discrimination">workplace discrimination</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wage_discrimination" class="mw-redirect" title="Wage discrimination">wage discrimination</a> and is a supporter of the <a href="/wiki/Me_Too_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Me Too movement">Me Too movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (July 2020)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marijuana_legalization">Marijuana legalization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Marijuana legalization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kennedy helped raise funds in 2016 for the defeat of <a href="/wiki/2016_Massachusetts_Question_4" title="2016 Massachusetts Question 4">Question 4</a> to <a href="/wiki/Legalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States" title="Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States">legalize cannabis for recreational use</a> in Massachusetts.<sup id="cite_ref-mj_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mj-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also voted against the <a href="/wiki/Rohrabacher%E2%80%93Farr_amendment" title="Rohrabacher–Farr amendment">Rohrabacher–Farr amendment</a> in 2015 which limits the enforcement of federal law in states that have <a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States" title="Medical cannabis in the United States">legalized medical cannabis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mj_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mj-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2018 he changed his stance towards cannabis and endorsed its legalization at the federal level, however.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2020 he co-sponsored a bill to federally legalize cannabis known as the <a href="/wiki/Marijuana_Opportunity_Reinvestment_and_Expungement_(MORE)_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act">Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate_change">Climate change</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Climate change"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kennedy co-sponsored the <a href="/wiki/Green_New_Deal" title="Green New Deal">Green New Deal</a>, and supports aggressive action to reduce <a href="/wiki/Carbon_emissions" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon emissions">carbon emissions</a>, enforce <a href="/wiki/Pollution_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Pollution control">pollution control</a> standards, protect <a href="/wiki/Federal_lands" title="Federal lands">public lands</a> from <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">fossil fuel</a> extraction, promote <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_energy" title="Sustainable energy">clean energy</a> alternatives to <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">pipelines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Compressor_stations" class="mw-redirect" title="Compressor stations">compressor stations</a>, and invest in related infrastructure and scientific research. He supports strict <a href="/wiki/Fuel_efficiency_standards" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuel efficiency standards">fuel efficiency standards</a> and the elimination of exemptions to the <a href="/wiki/Clean_Air_Act_of_1963" class="mw-redirect" title="Clean Air Act of 1963">Clean Air Act</a>, and opposed the United States' withdrawal from the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Agreement" title="Paris Agreement">Paris Agreement</a> under President Donald Trump.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Racial_inequality">Racial inequality</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Racial inequality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kennedy has helped pass legislation to guarantee access to <a href="/wiki/Science,_technology,_engineering,_and_mathematics" title="Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics">STEM</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vocational_education" title="Vocational education">vocational education</a>, and co-sponsored legislation to <a href="/wiki/Student_loans_in_the_United_States#Reform_proposals" title="Student loans in the United States">eliminate most student debt</a>. He has also co-sponsored legislation to reduce racial discrimination in housing, favors increasing the portion of federal grants earmarked for <a href="/wiki/Minority_business_enterprise" title="Minority business enterprise">minority-owned</a> <a href="/wiki/Small_business" title="Small business">small businesses</a>, and supports <a href="/wiki/Criminal_justice_reform" title="Criminal justice reform">criminal justice reform</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (July 2020)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Health care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kennedy supports strengthening <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_(United_States)" title="Social Security (United States)">Social Security</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(United_States)" title="Medicare (United States)">Medicare</a>, and favors having Medicare negotiate <a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug_prices_in_the_United_States" title="Prescription drug prices in the United States">prescription drug prices</a> directly with <a href="/wiki/Drug_manufacturer" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug manufacturer">drug manufacturers</a>. Kennedy is also a supporter of <a href="/wiki/Universal_health_care" title="Universal health care">universal health-care</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts04 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district">Massachusetts's 4th congressional district</a></span>, results 2012–2018 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Year </th> <th scope="col" colspan="3">Democrat </th> <th scope="col" colspan="3">Republican </th> <th scope="col" colspan="4">3rd party </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">Candidate </th> <th scope="col">Votes </th> <th scope="col">Pct. </th> <th scope="col">Candidate </th> <th scope="col">Votes </th> <th scope="col">Pct. </th> <th scope="col">Candidate </th> <th scope="col">Party </th> <th scope="col">Votes </th> <th scope="col">Pct. </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Massachusetts" title="2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts">2012</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>Joseph P. Kennedy III</b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="right"><b>221,303</b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>61.1%</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Bielat" class="mw-redirect" title="Sean Bielat">Sean D. Bielat</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="right">129,936 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">35.9% </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC">David A. Rosa </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC" align="right">10,741 </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC" align="right">3.0% </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Massachusetts" title="2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts">2014</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>Joseph P. Kennedy III</b> <b>(incumbent)</b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="right"><b>184,158</b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>97.9%</b> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><i>(no candidate)</i> </td> <td colspan="2">write-ins </td> <td align="right">3,940 </td> <td>2.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Massachusetts" title="2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts">2016</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>Joseph P. Kennedy III</b> <b>(incumbent)</b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="right"><b>265,823</b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>70.1%</b> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">David A. Rosa </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="right">113,055 </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6">29.8% </td> <td colspan="2">write-ins </td> <td align="right">335 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Massachusetts" title="2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts">2018</a> </th> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>Joseph P. Kennedy III</b> <b>(incumbent)</b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="right"><b>245,289</b> </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>97.7%</b> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><i>(no candidate)</i> </td> <td colspan="2">write-ins </td> <td align="right">5,727 </td> <td>2.3% </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2020 U.S. Senate Democratic primary results<sup id="cite_ref-ddhq-democratic-results_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ddhq-democratic-results-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Ed Markey (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>782,694 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>55.35 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Joseph P. Kennedy III </td> <td style="text-align:right">629,359 </td> <td style="text-align:right">44.51 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.0% </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Years_Eve_Speech_Boston,_MA_-_49649797952.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/New_Years_Eve_Speech_Boston%2C_MA_-_49649797952.jpg/220px-New_Years_Eve_Speech_Boston%2C_MA_-_49649797952.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/New_Years_Eve_Speech_Boston%2C_MA_-_49649797952.jpg/330px-New_Years_Eve_Speech_Boston%2C_MA_-_49649797952.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/New_Years_Eve_Speech_Boston%2C_MA_-_49649797952.jpg/440px-New_Years_Eve_Speech_Boston%2C_MA_-_49649797952.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6587" data-file-height="3705" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Elizabeth Warren</a> (left) speaking with Kennedy (center) and his wife Lauren in 2019</figcaption></figure> <p>Kennedy married <a href="/wiki/Health_policy" title="Health policy">health policy</a> lawyer<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lauren Anne Birchfield, a graduate of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">University of California, Los Angeles</a> and a finalist for the <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholarship</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Corona_del_Mar,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Corona del Mar, California">Corona del Mar, California</a>, on December 1, 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The couple met in Harvard Law School, where they took a class taught by future U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Elizabeth Warren</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 29, 2015, Birchfield gave birth to their daughter, Eleanor.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 20, 2017, Kennedy announced the birth of their second child, a son, named James.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The family lives in <a href="/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts">Newton, Massachusetts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kennedy's net worth is about $43 million, which made him among the wealthiest members of Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Kennedy family</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free 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The Boston Globe<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Joe+Kennedy+III+announces+birth+of+daughter+on+Twitter&rft.pub=The+Boston+Globe&rft.date=2015-12-29&rft.au=Katie+McLeod&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2Flifestyle%2Fnames%2F2015%2F12%2F29%2Fjoe-kennedy-iii-announces-birth-daughter-twitter%2FTfGxiI5hWj8PawStD1p3IL%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoe+Kennedy+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/RepJoeKennedy/status/943651631698243584/">"Meet James Matthew Kennedy. Born early this morning and doing great. First gift he received was (appropriately) a Patriots jersey from Grandpa Joe. Thanks to all for the kind words. We are exhausted, over the moon and deeply grateful!"</a>. December 20, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Meet+James+Matthew+Kennedy.+Born+early+this+morning+and+doing+great.+First+gift+he+received+was+%28appropriately%29+a+Patriots+jersey+from+Grandpa+Joe.+Thanks+to+all+for+the+kind+words.+We+are+exhausted%2C+over+the+moon+and+deeply+grateful%21&rft.date=2017-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FRepJoeKennedy%2Fstatus%2F943651631698243584%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoe+Kennedy+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinucane2018" class="citation web cs1">Finucane, Martin (January 30, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2018/01/30/things-know-about-joseph-kennedy-iii/fI0j0Z8zGmeUdFaBU4UxzO/story.html">"6 things to know about Joseph Kennedy III"</a>. <i>BostonGlobe.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BostonGlobe.com&rft.atitle=6+things+to+know+about+Joseph+Kennedy+III&rft.date=2018-01-30&rft.aulast=Finucane&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2Fmetro%2F2018%2F01%2F30%2Fthings-know-about-joseph-kennedy-iii%2FfI0j0Z8zGmeUdFaBU4UxzO%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoe+Kennedy+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bustle.com/p/rep-joe-kennedys-net-worth-makes-him-one-of-the-richest-lawmakers-in-congress-8037889">"The Democrat Giving The SOTU Response Is One Of The Richest Lawmakers In Congress"</a>. <i>Bustle</i>. January 28, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bustle&rft.atitle=The+Democrat+Giving+The+SOTU+Response+Is+One+Of+The+Richest+Lawmakers+In+Congress&rft.date=2018-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bustle.com%2Fp%2Frep-joe-kennedys-net-worth-makes-him-one-of-the-richest-lawmakers-in-congress-8037889&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoe+Kennedy+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Kennedy_III&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Joseph_P._Kennedy_III" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Joseph P. Kennedy III"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Joseph P. Kennedy III</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?67286">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?469332-1/massachusetts-us-senate-democratic-primary-debate">Complete video of debate</a>, February 18, 2020 – <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?474641-1/massachusetts-us-senate-democratic-debate&live">Complete video of Markey-Kennedy debate</a>, August 11, 2020 – <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=K000379">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H2MA04073">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/member/joseph-kennedy/2172">Legislation sponsored</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/141275">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Barney_Frank" title="Barney Frank">Barney Frank</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Massachusetts">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district">Massachusetts's 4th congressional district</a> </b><br />2013–2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jake_Auchincloss" title="Jake Auchincloss">Jake Auchincloss</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Beshear" title="Steve Beshear">Steve Beshear</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Response_to_the_State_of_the_Union_address" title="Response to the State of the Union address">Response to the State of the Union address</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2018_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2018 State of the Union Address">2018</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Stacey_Abrams" title="Stacey Abrams">Stacey Abrams</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FACEFF;">Diplomatic posts </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Mick_Mulvaney" title="Mick Mulvaney">Mick Mulvaney</a><br />2021 </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Special_Envoy_for_Northern_Ireland" title="United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland">United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland</a> </b><br />2022–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chester_G._Atkins" title="Chester G. Atkins">Chester G. Atkins</a></div><i><b>as Former US Representative </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a><br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">as Former US Representative</span></i> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bauman" title="Robert Bauman">Robert Bauman</a></div><i><b>as Former US Representative </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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Massachusetts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts01 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 1st congressional district">1st district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_Ames" title="Fisher Ames">F. Ames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dexter" title="Samuel Dexter">Dexter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Goodhue" title="Benjamin Goodhue">Goodhue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Holten" title="Samuel Holten">Holten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Sedgwick" title="Theodore Sedgwick">Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomson_J._Skinner" title="Thomson J. Skinner">Skinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Sedgwick" title="Theodore Sedgwick">Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bacon_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="John Bacon (Massachusetts politician)">J. Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Eustis" title="William Eustis">Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Quincy_III" title="Josiah Quincy III">Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemas_Ward_Jr." title="Artemas Ward Jr.">Ward Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Mason_(politician)" title="Jonathan Mason (politician)">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Gorham" title="Benjamin Gorham">Gorham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster" title="Daniel Webster">Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Gorham" title="Benjamin Gorham">Gorham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Appleton" title="Nathan Appleton">N. Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Gorham" title="Benjamin Gorham">Gorham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbott_Lawrence" title="Abbott Lawrence">A. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Fletcher_(American_politician)" title="Richard Fletcher (American politician)">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbott_Lawrence" title="Abbott Lawrence">A. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Charles_Winthrop" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Charles Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Appleton" title="Nathan Appleton">N. Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Charles_Winthrop" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Charles Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Atkins_Eliot_(politician)" title="Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)">S. Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Appleton_(politician)" title="William Appleton (politician)">W. Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeno_Scudder" title="Zeno Scudder">Scudder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Eliot" title="Thomas D. Eliot">T. D. Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bernard_Hall" title="Robert Bernard Hall">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Eliot" title="Thomas D. Eliot">T. D. Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Buffington_(politician)" title="James Buffington (politician)">Buffington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Crapo" title="William W. Crapo">Crapo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Davis" title="Robert T. Davis">R. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Randall" title="Charles S. Randall">Randall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_B._Wright" title="Ashley B. Wright">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_P._Lawrence" title="George P. Lawrence">G. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_T._Treadway" title="Allen T. Treadway">Treadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Heselton" title="John W. Heselton">Heselton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvio_O._Conte" title="Silvio O. Conte">Conte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Olver" title="John Olver">Olver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neal" title="Richard Neal">Neal</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="21" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/100px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/150px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/200px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="900" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts02 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district">2nd district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Goodhue" title="Benjamin Goodhue">Goodhue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Foster_(politician,_born_1757)" title="Dwight Foster (politician, born 1757)">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lyman_(congressman)" title="William Lyman (congressman)">W. Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Sedgwick" title="Theodore Sedgwick">Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemas_Ward" title="Artemas Ward">Ward Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lyman_(congressman)" title="William Lyman (congressman)">W. Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shepard" title="William Shepard">Shepard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Crowninshield" title="Jacob Crowninshield">J. Crowninshield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Story" title="Joseph Story">Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Pickman_Jr." title="Benjamin Pickman Jr.">Pickman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Reed_(politician)" title="William Reed (politician)">W. Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Pickering" title="Timothy Pickering">Pickering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Silsbee" title="Nathaniel Silsbee">Silsbee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gideon_Barstow" title="Gideon Barstow">Barstow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Williams_Crowninshield" title="Benjamin Williams Crowninshield">B. Crowninshield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Choate" title="Rufus Choate">Choate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_C._Phillips" title="Stephen C. Phillips">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leverett_Saltonstall_I" title="Leverett Saltonstall I">Saltonstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_P._King" title="Daniel P. King">D. King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rantoul_Jr." title="Robert Rantoul Jr.">Rantoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_B._Fay" title="Francis B. Fay">Fay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Crocker" title="Samuel L. Crocker">Crocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Buffington_(politician)" title="James Buffington (politician)">Buffington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakes_Ames" title="Oakes Ames">O. Ames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_W._Harris" title="Benjamin W. Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_Long" title="John Davis Long">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_A._Morse" title="Elijah A. Morse">E. Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_H._Gillett" title="Frederick H. Gillett">Gillett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Churchill" title="George B. Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Bowles" title="Henry L. Bowles">Bowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Kirk_Kaynor" title="Will Kirk Kaynor">Kaynor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Granfield" title="William J. Granfield">Granfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Clason" title="Charles R. Clason">Clason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foster_Furcolo" title="Foster Furcolo">Furcolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Boland" title="Edward Boland">Boland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neal" title="Richard Neal">Neal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)" title="Jim McGovern (American politician)">McGovern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts03 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district">3rd district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elbridge_Gerry" title="Elbridge Gerry">Gerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shearjashub_Bourne" title="Shearjashub Bourne">Bourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peleg_Coffin_Jr." title="Peleg Coffin Jr.">Coffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Lyman" title="Samuel Lyman">S. Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer_Mattoon" title="Ebenezer Mattoon">Mattoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manasseh_Cutler" title="Manasseh Cutler">Cutler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Nelson" title="Jeremiah Nelson">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_St._Loe_Livermore" title="Edward St. Loe Livermore">Livermore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_White_(politician)" title="Leonard White (politician)">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Pickering" title="Timothy Pickering">Pickering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Nelson" title="Jeremiah Nelson">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Varnum" title="John Varnum">Varnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Nelson" title="Jeremiah Nelson">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gayton_P._Osgood" title="Gayton P. Osgood">Osgood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb_Cushing" title="Caleb Cushing">Cushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Abbott" title="Amos Abbott">A. Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Duncan" title="James H. Duncan">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Wiley_Edmands" title="J. Wiley Edmands">Edmands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Damrell" title="William S. Damrell">Damrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Adams_Sr." title="Charles Francis Adams Sr.">C. Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Thomas_(politician)" title="Benjamin Thomas (politician)">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_H._Rice" title="Alexander H. Rice">A. Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginery_Twichell" title="Ginery Twichell">Twichell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whiting_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="William Whiting (Massachusetts politician)">Whiting I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Pierce" title="Henry L. Pierce">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walbridge_A._Field" title="Walbridge A. Field">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Dean" title="Benjamin Dean">B. Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walbridge_A._Field" title="Walbridge A. Field">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Ranney" title="Ambrose Ranney">Ranney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_Morse" title="Leopold Morse">L. Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Andrew" title="John F. Andrew">J. Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._Walker" title="Joseph H. Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Thayer" title="John R. Thayer">J. R. Thayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwood_Hoar" title="Rockwood Hoar">R. Hoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Washburn" title="Charles G. Washburn">C. Washburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Thayer" title="John A. Thayer">J. A. Thayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilder" title="William Wilder">Wilder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Paige" title="Calvin Paige">Paige</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_H._Foss" title="Frank H. Foss">F. Foss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Casey" title="Joseph E. Casey">Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_J._Philbin" title="Philip J. Philbin">Philbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Drinan" title="Robert Drinan">Drinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Donohue" title="Harold Donohue">Donohue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_D._Early" title="Joseph D. Early">Early</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Blute" title="Peter Blute">Blute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)" title="Jim McGovern (American politician)">McGovern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niki_Tsongas" title="Niki Tsongas">N. Tsongas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lori_Trahan" title="Lori Trahan">Trahan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts04 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district">4th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Sedgwick" title="Theodore Sedgwick">Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dearborn" title="Henry Dearborn">Dearborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Thatcher" title="George Thatcher">G. Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peleg_Wadsworth" title="Peleg Wadsworth">Wadsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Foster_(politician,_born_1757)" title="Dwight Foster (politician, born 1757)">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Sr." title="Levi Lincoln Sr.">L. Lincoln Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Hastings" title="Seth Hastings">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bradley_Varnum" title="Joseph Bradley Varnum">Varnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Richardson" title="William M. Richardson">W. Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dana_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Samuel Dana (Massachusetts politician)">Dana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asahel_Stearns" title="Asahel Stearns">Stearns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Fuller" title="Timothy Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Everett" title="Edward Everett">E. Everett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hoar" title="Samuel Hoar">Sa. Hoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Parmenter" title="William Parmenter">Parmenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Thompson_(politician)" title="Benjamin Thompson (politician)">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Palfrey" title="John G. Palfrey">Palfrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Thompson_(politician)" title="Benjamin Thompson (politician)">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Sabine" title="Lorenzo Sabine">Sabine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_H._Walley" title="Samuel H. Walley">Walley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linus_B._Comins" title="Linus B. Comins">Comins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_H._Rice" title="Alexander H. Rice">A. Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hooper" title="Samuel Hooper">Hooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_S._Frost" title="Rufus S. Frost">Frost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Gardner_Abbott" title="Josiah Gardner Abbott">J. Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_Morse" title="Leopold Morse">L. Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Collins_(mayor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Collins (mayor)">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._O%27Neil" title="Joseph H. O'Neil">O'Neil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_D._Apsley" title="Lewis D. Apsley">Apsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Weymouth" title="George W. Weymouth">Weymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Q._Tirrell" title="Charles Q. Tirrell">Tirrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joseph_Mitchell" title="John Joseph Mitchell">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilder" title="William Wilder">Wilder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Winslow" title="Samuel Winslow">Winslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_R._Stobbs" title="George R. Stobbs">Stobbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pehr_G._Holmes" title="Pehr G. Holmes">P. Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Donohue" title="Harold Donohue">Donohue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Drinan" title="Robert Drinan">Drinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barney_Frank" title="Barney Frank">Frank</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kennedy III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Auchincloss" title="Jake Auchincloss">Auchincloss</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts05 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 5th congressional district">5th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Partridge" title="George Partridge">Partridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shearjashub_Bourne" title="Shearjashub Bourne">Bourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Freeman_Jr." title="Nathaniel Freeman Jr.">Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemuel_Williams" title="Lemuel Williams">L. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dwight_(politician)" title="Thomas Dwight (politician)">T. Dwight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ely" title="William Ely">Ely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_H._Mills" title="Elijah H. Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Lathrop" title="Samuel Lathrop">Lathrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Sibley" title="Jonas Sibley">Sibley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_(Massachusetts_governor)" title="John Davis (Massachusetts governor)">J. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Jr." title="Levi Lincoln Jr.">L. Lincoln Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hudson_(American_politician)" title="Charles Hudson (American politician)">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Allen_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Charles Allen (Massachusetts politician)">C. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Appleton_(politician)" title="William Appleton (politician)">W. Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anson_Burlingame" title="Anson Burlingame">Burlingame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Appleton_(politician)" title="William Appleton (politician)">W. Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hooper" title="Samuel Hooper">Hooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Alley" title="John B. Alley">Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Butler" title="Benjamin Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_W._Gooch" title="Daniel W. Gooch">Gooch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_P._Banks" title="Nathaniel P. Banks">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selwyn_Z._Bowman" title="Selwyn Z. Bowman">Bowman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_Morse" title="Leopold Morse">L. Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_D._Hayden" title="Edward D. Hayden">Hayden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_P._Banks" title="Nathaniel P. Banks">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Hoar" title="Sherman Hoar">Sh. Hoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_T._Stevens" title="Moses T. Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shadrach_Knox" class="mw-redirect" title="William Shadrach Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butler_Ames" title="Butler Ames">B. Ames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Rogers" title="John Jacob Rogers">J. Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Nourse_Rogers" title="Edith Nourse Rogers">E. Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Bradford_Morse" title="F. Bradford Morse">B. Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_W._Cronin" title="Paul W. Cronin">Cronin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tsongas" title="Paul Tsongas">P. Tsongas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Shannon_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="James Shannon (Massachusetts politician)">Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_G._Atkins" title="Chester G. Atkins">Atkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marty_Meehan" title="Marty Meehan">Meehan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niki_Tsongas" title="Niki Tsongas">N. Tsongas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">Markey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Clark" title="Katherine Clark">Clark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts06 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 6th congressional district">6th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Thatcher" title="George Thatcher">G. Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Leonard_(congressman)" title="George Leonard (congressman)">Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reed_Sr." title="John Reed Sr.">J. Reed Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Smith" title="Josiah Smith">J. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taggart" title="Samuel Taggart">Taggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Clesson_Allen" title="Samuel Clesson Allen">S. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Locke_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="John Locke (Massachusetts politician)">Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_G._Kendall" title="Joseph G. Kendall">Kendall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grennell_Jr." title="George Grennell Jr.">Grennell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_C._Alvord" title="James C. Alvord">Alvord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmyn_Baker" title="Osmyn Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ashmun" title="George Ashmun">Ashmun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_T._Davis" title="George T. Davis">G. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wentworth_Upham" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Wentworth Upham">Upham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Davis_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Timothy Davis (Massachusetts politician)">T. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Alley" title="John B. Alley">Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_W._Gooch" title="Daniel W. Gooch">Gooch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_P._Banks" title="Nathaniel P. Banks">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Butler" title="Benjamin Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Perkins_Thompson" title="Charles Perkins Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Loring" title="George B. Loring">Loring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eben_F._Stone" title="Eben F. Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Lovering" title="Henry B. Lovering">Lovering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cogswell" title="William Cogswell">Cogswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Moody" title="William Henry Moody">Moody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Peabody_Gardner" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus Peabody Gardner">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willfred_W._Lufkin" title="Willfred W. Lufkin">Lufkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Piatt_Andrew" title="A. Piatt Andrew">A.P. Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Bates" title="George J. Bates">G. Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Bates" title="William H. Bates">W. Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Harrington" title="Michael J. Harrington">Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Mavroules" title="Nicholas Mavroules">Mavroules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G._Torkildsen" title="Peter G. Torkildsen">Torkildsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Tierney" title="John F. Tierney">Tierney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Moulton" title="Seth Moulton">Moulton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts07 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 7th congressional district">7th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Leonard_(congressman)" title="George Leonard (congressman)">Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemas_Ward" title="Artemas Ward">Ward Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Leonard_(congressman)" title="George Leonard (congressman)">Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Bullock" title="Stephen Bullock">Bullock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanuel_Bishop" title="Phanuel Bishop">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahum_Mitchell" title="Nahum Mitchell">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barker_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Joseph Barker (Massachusetts politician)">Barker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Baylies" title="William Baylies">Baylies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Turner_Jr." title="Charles Turner Jr.">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Baylies" title="William Baylies">Baylies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Hulbert" title="John W. Hulbert">Hulbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Shaw_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Henry Shaw (Massachusetts politician)">Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_W._Dwight" title="Henry W. Dwight">H. Dwight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Clesson_Allen" title="Samuel Clesson Allen">S. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grennell_Jr." title="George Grennell Jr.">Grennell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_N._Briggs" title="George N. Briggs">Briggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Rockwell" title="Julius Rockwell">J. Rockwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Z._Goodrich" title="John Z. Goodrich">Goodrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_P._Banks" title="Nathaniel P. Banks">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_W._Gooch" title="Daniel W. Gooch">Gooch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">Boutwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Brooks" title="George M. Brooks">Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_C._Esty" title="Constantine C. Esty">Esty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer_R._Hoar" title="Ebenezer R. Hoar">E. Hoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_K._Tarbox" title="John K. Tarbox">Tarbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Butler" title="Benjamin Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Russell_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="William A. Russell (Massachusetts politician)">W. Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eben_F._Stone" title="Eben F. Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cogswell" title="William Cogswell">Cogswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Everett" title="William Everett">W. Everett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Emerson_Barrett" title="William Emerson Barrett">Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_W._Roberts" title="Ernest W. Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Francis_Phelan" title="Michael Francis Phelan">Phelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Maloney" title="Robert S. Maloney">Maloney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Connery_Jr." title="William P. Connery Jr.">W. Connery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_J._Connery" title="Lawrence J. Connery">L. Connery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Lane" title="Thomas J. Lane">Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torbert_Macdonald" title="Torbert Macdonald">Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">Markey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Capuano" title="Mike Capuano">Capuano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayanna_Pressley" title="Ayanna Pressley">Pressley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts08 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 8th congressional district">8th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Grout" title="Jonathan Grout">Grout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Thatcher" title="George Thatcher">G. Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_Ames" title="Fisher Ames">F. Ames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Gray_Otis_(politician)" title="Harrison Gray Otis (politician)">Otis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Eustis" title="William Eustis">Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemuel_Williams" title="Lemuel Williams">L. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_L._Green" title="Isaiah L. Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gideon_Gardner" title="Gideon Gardner">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_L._Green" title="Isaiah L. Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reed_Jr." title="John Reed Jr.">J. Reed Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Baylies" title="William Baylies">Baylies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabdiel_Sampson" title="Zabdiel Sampson">Sampson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Hobart" title="Aaron Hobart">Hobart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Lathrop" title="Samuel Lathrop">Lathrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_C._Bates" title="Isaac C. Bates">Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Calhoun" title="William B. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">J. Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann" title="Horace Mann">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tappan_Wentworth" title="Tappan Wentworth">Wentworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chauncey_L._Knapp" title="Chauncey L. Knapp">Knapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Train" title="Charles R. Train">Train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Denison_Baldwin" class="mw-redirect" title="John Denison Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Hoar" title="George F. Hoar">G. Hoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._S._Williams" title="John M. S. Williams">J. M. S. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Warren" title="William W. Warren">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Claflin" title="William Claflin">Claflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Candler" title="John W. Candler">Candler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Russell_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="William A. Russell (Massachusetts politician)">W Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Herbert_Allen" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Herbert Allen">C. H. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_T._Greenhalge" title="Frederic T. Greenhalge">Greenhalge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_T._Stevens" title="Moses T. Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_W._McCall" title="Samuel W. McCall">McCall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Simpson_Deitrick" title="Frederick Simpson Deitrick">Deitrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_W._Dallinger" title="Frederick W. Dallinger">Dallinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Irving_Thayer" title="Harry Irving Thayer">H. Thayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_W._Dallinger" title="Frederick W. Dallinger">Dallinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Daniel_Healey" title="Arthur Daniel Healey">Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angier_Goodwin" title="Angier Goodwin">Goodwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torbert_Macdonald" title="Torbert Macdonald">Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tip_O%27Neill" title="Tip O'Neill">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_II" title="Joseph P. Kennedy II">Kennedy II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Capuano" title="Mike Capuano">Capuano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Lynch_(politician)" title="Stephen Lynch (politician)">Lynch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts09 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 9th congressional district">9th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bradley_Varnum" title="Joseph Bradley Varnum">Varnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanuel_Bishop" title="Phanuel Bishop">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Dean" title="Josiah Dean">J. Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laban_Wheaton" title="Laban Wheaton">Wheaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reed_Jr." title="John Reed Jr.">J. Reed Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Folger_Jr." title="Walter Folger Jr.">Folger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reed_Jr." title="John Reed Jr.">J. Reed Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_W._Dwight" title="Henry W. Dwight">H. Dwight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_N._Briggs" title="George N. Briggs">Briggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jackson_(Massachusetts_politician,_born_1783)" title="William Jackson (Massachusetts politician, born 1783)">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Soden_Hastings" title="William Soden Hastings">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Williams_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Henry Williams (Massachusetts politician)">H. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemas_Hale" title="Artemas Hale">Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orin_Fowler" title="Orin Fowler">Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_P._Little" title="Edward P. Little">Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_De_Witt" title="Alexander De Witt">De Witt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eli_Thayer" title="Eli Thayer">E. Thayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmith_Bailey" title="Goldsmith Bailey">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amasa_Walker" title="Amasa Walker">A. Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Washburn" title="William B. Washburn">W. Washburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvah_Crocker" title="Alvah Crocker">Crocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Hoar" title="George F. Hoar">G. Hoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Rice" title="William W. Rice">W. Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lyman_III" title="Theodore Lyman III">T. Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_D._Ely" title="Frederick D. Ely">Ely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Burnett" title="Edward Burnett">Burnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Candler" title="John W. Candler">Candler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Williams" title="George F. Williams">G. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._O%27Neil" title="Joseph H. O'Neil">O'Neil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Fitzgerald" title="John F. Fitzgerald">Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Conry" title="Joseph A. Conry">Conry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Keliher" title="John A. Keliher">Keliher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Francis_Murray" title="William Francis Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_W._Roberts" title="Ernest W. Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvan_T._Fuller" title="Alvan T. Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._Underhill" title="Charles L. Underhill">Underhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Luce" title="Robert Luce">Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Russell" title="Richard M. Russell">R. Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Luce" title="Robert Luce">Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Eliot" title="Thomas H. Eliot">T. H. Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._Gifford" title="Charles L. Gifford">Gifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_W._Nicholson" title="Donald W. Nicholson">Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Keith" title="Hastings Keith">Keith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._McCormack" title="John W. McCormack">McCormack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Day_Hicks" title="Louise Day Hicks">Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Moakley" title="Joe Moakley">Moakley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Lynch_(politician)" title="Stephen Lynch (politician)">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Keating_(politician)" title="Bill Keating (politician)">Keating</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts10 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 10th congressional district">10th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Goodhue" title="Benjamin Goodhue">Goodhue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Sewall_(congressman)" title="Samuel Sewall (congressman)">Sewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Read" title="Nathan Read">Read</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Hastings" title="Seth Hastings">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabez_Upham" title="Jabez Upham">Upham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Allen_(congressman)" title="Joseph Allen (congressman)">J. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Brigham" title="Elijah Brigham">Brigham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laban_Wheaton" title="Laban Wheaton">Wheaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Morton" title="Marcus Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Baylies" title="Francis Baylies">F Baylies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bailey_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="John Bailey (Massachusetts politician)">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Alexander_Scammell_Dearborn" title="Henry Alexander Scammell Dearborn">H. A. S. Dearborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Baylies" title="William Baylies">W. Baylies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_B._Borden" title="Nathaniel B. Borden">Borden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Williams_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Henry Williams (Massachusetts politician)">H. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_B._Borden" title="Nathaniel B. Borden">Borden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barker_Burnell" title="Barker Burnell">Burnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Grinnell_(politician)" title="Joseph Grinnell (politician)">Grinnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeno_Scudder" title="Zeno Scudder">Scudder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Dickinson" title="Edward Dickinson">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_C._Chaffee" title="Calvin C. Chaffee">Chaffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Delano" title="Charles Delano">Delano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Dawes" title="Henry L. Dawes">Dawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvah_Crocker" title="Alvah Crocker">Crocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Stevens" title="Charles A. Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Hawley_Seelye" title="Julius Hawley Seelye">Seelye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amasa_Norcross" title="Amasa Norcross">Norcross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Rice" title="William W. Rice">W. Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Russell" title="John E. Russell">J. E. Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._Walker" title="Joseph H. Walker">J. Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_J._McEttrick" title="Michael J. McEttrick">McEttrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Henry_Atwood" class="mw-redirect" title="Harrison Henry Atwood">Atwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Barrows" title="Samuel J. Barrows">Barrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_F._Naphen" title="Henry F. Naphen">Naphen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._McNary" title="William S. McNary">McNary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._O%27Connell" title="Joseph F. O'Connell">O'Connell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">Curley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Francis_Murray" title="William Francis Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Francis_Tague" title="Peter Francis Tague">Tague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Fitzgerald" title="John F. Fitzgerald">Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Francis_Tague" title="Peter Francis Tague">Tague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Douglass" title="John J. Douglass">Douglass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Tinkham" title="George H. Tinkham">Tinkham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Herter" title="Christian Herter">Herter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Curtis" title="Laurence Curtis">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Heckler" title="Margaret Heckler">Heckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Studds" title="Gerry Studds">Studds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Delahunt" title="Bill Delahunt">Delahunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Keating_(politician)" title="Bill Keating (politician)">Keating</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts11 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 11th congressional district">11th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_Bradbury" title="Theophilus Bradbury">Bradbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailey_Bartlett" title="Bailey Bartlett">Bartlett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manasseh_Cutler" title="Manasseh Cutler">Cutler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stedman" title="William Stedman">Stedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abijah_Bigelow" title="Abijah Bigelow">A. Bigelow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Brigham" title="Elijah Brigham">Brigham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Adams_(politician)" title="Benjamin Adams (politician)">B. Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Russell" title="Jonathan Russell">J. Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Hobart" title="Aaron Hobart">Hobart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Richardson_(American_politician)" title="Joseph Richardson (American politician)">J. Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">J. Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reed_Jr." title="John Reed Jr.">J. Reed Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barker_Burnell" title="Barker Burnell">Burnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Z._Goodrich" title="John Z. Goodrich">Goodrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Trafton" title="Mark Trafton">Trafton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Dawes" title="Henry L. Dawes">Dawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_W._Chapin" title="Chester W. Chapin">Chapin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Robinson" title="George D. Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whiting_II" title="William Whiting II">Whiting II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Wallace_(politician)" title="Rodney Wallace (politician)">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_S._Coolidge" title="Frederick S. Coolidge">Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Franklin_Draper_(politician)" title="William Franklin Draper (politician)">Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Sprague" title="Charles F. Sprague">Sprague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Powers" title="Samuel L. Powers">Powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Andrew_Sullivan" title="John Andrew Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_James_Peters" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew James Peters">Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Tinkham" title="George H. Tinkham">Tinkham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Douglass" title="John J. Douglass">Douglass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Patrick_Higgins" class="mw-redirect" title="John Patrick Higgins">Higgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Flaherty" title="Thomas A. Flaherty">Flaherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">Curley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tip_O%27Neill" title="Tip O'Neill">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Burke_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="James A. Burke (Massachusetts politician)">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_J._Donnelly" title="Brian J. Donnelly">Donnelly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts12 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 12th congressional district">12th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dearborn" title="Henry Dearborn">H. Dearborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Parker_(Massachusetts_judge)" title="Isaac Parker (Massachusetts judge)">I. Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas_Lee" title="Silas Lee">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Thatcher" title="Samuel Thatcher">S. Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomson_J._Skinner" title="Thomson J. Skinner">Skinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Larned" title="Simon Larned">Larned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnabas_Bidwell" title="Barnabas Bidwell">Bidwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_Bacon" title="Ezekiel Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Dewey" title="Daniel Dewey">Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Hulbert" title="John W. Hulbert">Hulbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Strong" title="Solomon Strong">Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Kendall" title="Jonas Kendall">Kendall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Bigelow" title="Lewis Bigelow">L. Bigelow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Baylies" title="Francis Baylies">Baylies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Hodges" title="James L. Hodges">Hodges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">J. Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Robinson" title="George D. Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_W._Rockwell_(politician)" title="Francis W. Rockwell (politician)">F. Rockwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crawford_Crosby" title="John Crawford Crosby">Crosby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_A._Morse" title="Elijah A. Morse">E. Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Lovering" title="William C. Lovering">Lovering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Powers" title="Samuel L. Powers">Powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Weeks" title="John W. Weeks">Weeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">Curley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Gallivan" title="James A. Gallivan">Gallivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._McCormack" title="John W. McCormack">McCormack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Keith" title="Hastings Keith">Keith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Studds" title="Gerry Studds">Studds</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts13 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 13th congressional district">13th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peleg_Wadsworth" title="Peleg Wadsworth">Wadsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer_Seaver" title="Ebenezer Seaver">Seaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Ruggles" title="Nathaniel Ruggles">Ruggles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Dowse" title="Edward Dowse">Dowse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Eustis" title="William Eustis">Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reed_Jr." title="John Reed Jr.">J. Reed Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Randall" title="Charles S. Randall">Randall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Simpkins" title="John Simpkins">Simpkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Greene" title="William S. Greene">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Weeks" title="John W. Weeks">Weeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joseph_Mitchell" title="John Joseph Mitchell">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Carter" title="William Henry Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Luce" title="Robert Luce">Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_B._Wigglesworth" title="Richard B. Wigglesworth">Wigglesworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Burke_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="James A. Burke (Massachusetts politician)">Burke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts14 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_14th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 14th congressional district">14th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Thatcher" title="George Thatcher">G. Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Cutts" title="Richard Cutts">Cutts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_King" title="Cyrus King">C. King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Holmes_(Maine_politician)" title="John Holmes (Maine politician)">J. Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Lovering" title="William C. Lovering">Lovering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Foss" title="Eugene Foss">E. Foss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_O._Harris" title="Robert O. Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gilmore" title="Edward Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Olney_II" title="Richard Olney II">Olney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_A._Frothingham" title="Louis A. Frothingham">Frothingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_B._Wigglesworth" title="Richard B. Wigglesworth">Wigglesworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts15 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_15th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 15th congressional district">15th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peleg_Wadsworth" title="Peleg Wadsworth">Wadsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Ilsley" title="Daniel Ilsley">Ilsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_Whitman" title="Ezekiel Whitman">Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Widgery" title="William Widgery">Widgery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bradbury_(American_politician)" title="George Bradbury (American politician)">Bradbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_Whitman" title="Ezekiel Whitman">Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Greene" title="William S. Greene">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Leach" title="Robert M. Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._Gifford" title="Charles L. Gifford">Gifford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts16 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_16th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 16th congressional district">16th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Thatcher" title="Samuel Thatcher">S. Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchard_Cook" title="Orchard Cook">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peleg_Tallman" title="Peleg Tallman">Tallman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Davis_(American_politician)" title="Samuel Davis (American politician)">S. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Brown_(politician)" title="Benjamin Brown (politician)">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Orr_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Benjamin Orr (Massachusetts politician)">Orr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Langdon_Hill" title="Mark Langdon Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chandler_Thacher" title="Thomas Chandler Thacher">Thacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Walsh_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Joseph Walsh (Massachusetts politician)">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._Gifford" title="Charles L. Gifford">Gifford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts17 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_17th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 17th congressional district">17th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phineas_Bruce" title="Phineas Bruce">Bruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chandler" title="John Chandler">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barzillai_Gannett" title="Barzillai Gannett">Gannett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Carr_(District_of_Maine_politician)" title="Francis Carr (District of Maine politician)">F. Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abiel_Wood" title="Abiel Wood">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Carr_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="James Carr (Massachusetts politician)">J. Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wilson_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="John Wilson (Massachusetts politician)">Wilson</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Kinsley" title="Martin Kinsley">Kinsley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts18 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 18th congressional district">18th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Wilson_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="John Wilson (Massachusetts politician)">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rice_(1768)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Rice (1768)">T. Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Parker_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="James Parker (Massachusetts politician)">J. Parker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts19 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_19th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 19th congressional district">19th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Parker_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="James Parker (Massachusetts politician)">J. Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_S._Conner" title="Samuel S. Conner">Conner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Gage" title="Joshua Gage">Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Cushman" title="Joshua Cushman">Cushman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Massachusetts20 !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_20th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 20th congressional district">20th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Hubbard" title="Levi Hubbard">Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albion_Parris" title="Albion Parris">Parris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Lincoln" title="Enoch Lincoln">E. Lincoln</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="MassachusettsAL !"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_at-large_congressional_seat" title="Massachusetts's at-large congressional seat">At-large</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Cobb_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="David Cobb (Massachusetts politician)">Cobb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kennedy_family" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_family" title="Template:Kennedy family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kennedy_family" title="Template talk:Kennedy family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy_family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kennedy_family" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Kennedy family</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">I.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="P._J._Kennedy_(1858–1929)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em"><a href="/wiki/P._J._Kennedy" title="P. J. Kennedy">P. J. Kennedy</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(1858–1929)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. <i>(m.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Rose_Kennedy" title="Rose Kennedy">Rose Fitzgerald</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_John_F._Kennedy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Coat_of_Arms_of_John_F._Kennedy.svg/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_John_F._Kennedy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Coat_of_Arms_of_John_F._Kennedy.svg/113px-Coat_of_Arms_of_John_F._Kennedy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Coat_of_Arms_of_John_F._Kennedy.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_John_F._Kennedy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="588" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">II.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Joseph_P._Kennedy_Sr._(1888–1969)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_Sr." title="Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.">Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(1888–1969)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_Jr." title="Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.">Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">John F. Kennedy <i>(m.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis" title="Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis">Jacqueline Bouvier</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Kennedy" title="Rosemary Kennedy">Rosemary Kennedy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Cavendish,_Marchioness_of_Hartington" title="Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington">Kathleen Kennedy</a> <i>(m.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/William_Cavendish,_Marquess_of_Hartington" title="William Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington">William Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Eunice Kennedy <i>(m.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Sargent_Shriver" title="Sargent Shriver">Sargent Shriver</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Patricia Kennedy <i>(m./div.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Lawford" title="Peter Lawford">Peter Lawford</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Robert F. Kennedy <i>(m.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Ethel_Kennedy" title="Ethel Kennedy">Ethel Skakel</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Jean Kennedy <i>(m.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Edward_Smith" title="Stephen Edward Smith">Stephen Edward Smith</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy <i>(m./div. 1st)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Joan_Bennett_Kennedy" title="Joan Bennett Kennedy">Joan Bennett</a>; <i>(m. 2nd)</i> <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Reggie_Kennedy" title="Victoria Reggie Kennedy">Victoria Reggie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">III.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(1917–1963)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Kennedy" title="Caroline Kennedy">Caroline Kennedy</a> <i>(m.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Schlossberg" title="Edwin Schlossberg">Edwin Schlossberg</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Jr." title="John F. Kennedy Jr.">John F. Kennedy Jr.</a> <i>(m.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Bessette-Kennedy" title="Carolyn Bessette-Kennedy">Carolyn Bessette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Bouvier_Kennedy" title="Patrick Bouvier Kennedy">Patrick Bouvier Kennedy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver" title="Eunice Kennedy Shriver">Eunice Kennedy Shriver</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(1921–2009)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Shriver" title="Bobby Shriver">Bobby Shriver</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Shriver" title="Maria Shriver">Maria Shriver</a> <i>(m./div.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger" title="Arnold Schwarzenegger">Arnold Schwarzenegger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Shriver" title="Timothy Shriver">Timothy Shriver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Kennedy_Shriver" title="Mark Kennedy Shriver">Mark Shriver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Shriver" title="Anthony Shriver">Anthony Shriver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Kennedy_Lawford" title="Patricia Kennedy Lawford">Patricia Kennedy Lawford</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(1924–2006)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lawford" title="Christopher Lawford">Christopher Lawford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(1925–1968)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Kennedy_Townsend" title="Kathleen Kennedy Townsend">Kathleen Kennedy Townsend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_II" title="Joseph P. Kennedy II">Joseph P. Kennedy II</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr." title="Robert F. Kennedy Jr.">Robert F. Kennedy Jr.</a> <i>(m./sep.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Richardson_Kennedy" title="Mary Richardson Kennedy">Mary Richardson</a> <i>(m. 3rd)</i> <a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Hines" title="Cheryl Hines">Cheryl Hines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_LeMoyne_Kennedy" title="Michael LeMoyne Kennedy">Michael LeMoyne Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry_Kennedy" title="Kerry Kennedy">Kerry Kennedy</a> <i>(m./div.)</i> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_G._Kennedy" title="Christopher G. Kennedy">Christopher G. Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Kennedy" title="Max Kennedy">Max Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Harriman_Kennedy" title="Douglas Harriman Kennedy">Douglas Harriman Kennedy</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rory_Kennedy" title="Rory Kennedy">Rory Kennedy</a> <i>(m.)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Bailey_(writer)" title="Mark Bailey (writer)">Mark Bailey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Kennedy_Smith" title="Jean Kennedy Smith">Jean Kennedy Smith</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(1928–2020)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Kennedy_Smith" title="William Kennedy Smith">William Kennedy Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(1932–2009)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kara_Kennedy" title="Kara Kennedy">Kara Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Kennedy_Jr." title="Edward M. Kennedy Jr.">Edward M. Kennedy Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Kennedy" title="Patrick J. Kennedy">Patrick J. Kennedy</a> <i>(m.)</i> <a href="/wiki/Amy_Kennedy" title="Amy Kennedy">Amy Savell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">IV.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Schlossberg" title="Rose Schlossberg">Rose Kennedy Schlossberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatiana_Schlossberg" title="Tatiana Schlossberg">Tatiana Celia Kennedy Schlossberg </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Schlossberg" title="Jack Schlossberg">John Bouvier Kennedy Schlossberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Schwarzenegger" title="Katherine Schwarzenegger">Katherine Schwarzenegger</a> <i>(m.)</i> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Pratt" title="Chris Pratt">Chris Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Schwarzenegger" title="Patrick Schwarzenegger">Patrick Schwarzenegger</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joseph P. Kennedy III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maeve_Kennedy_McKean" title="Maeve Kennedy McKean">Maeve Kennedy McKean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Kennedy_Jr." title="Max Kennedy Jr.">Max Kennedy Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hickory_Hill_(McLean,_Virginia)" title="Hickory Hill (McLean, Virginia)">Hickory Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Compound" title="Kennedy Compound">Kennedy Compound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_curse" title="Kennedy curse">Kennedy curse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchandise_Mart" title="Merchandise Mart">Merchandise Mart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kennedys_(museum)" title="The Kennedys (museum)">The Kennedys (museum)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kennedys_(miniseries)" title="The Kennedys (miniseries)"><i>The Kennedys</i> (miniseries)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kennedys:_After_Camelot" title="The Kennedys: After Camelot">The Kennedys: After Camelot</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Category</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Kennedy_family" title="Category:Kennedy family">Kennedy family</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i>m. = married; div. = divorced; sep. = separated.</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Robert_F._Kennedy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Template:Robert F. Kennedy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Template talk:Robert F. Kennedy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Robert F. Kennedy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Robert_F._Kennedy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>November 20, 1925 – June 6, 1968 <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">64th United States Attorney General, 1961–1964</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">United States senator from New York, 1965–1968</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy%27s_1948_visit_to_Palestine" title="Robert F. Kennedy's 1948 visit to Palestine">1948 Palestine visit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Select_Committee_on_Improper_Activities_in_Labor_and_Management" title="United States Senate Select Committee on Improper Activities in Labor and Management">Senate Committee investigation of Labor and Management</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis" title="Cuban Missile Crisis">Cuban Missile Crisis</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/EXCOMM" title="EXCOMM">ExComm</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy#Civil_rights" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Civil rights</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Riders" title="Freedom Riders">Freedom Riders</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Voter_Education_Project" title="Voter Education Project">Voter Education Project</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Baldwin%E2%80%93Kennedy_meeting" title="Baldwin–Kennedy meeting">Baldwin–Kennedy meeting</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1964_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1964 Democratic National Convention">1964 Democratic National Convention</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bedford_Stuyvesant_Restoration_Corporation" title="Bedford Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation">Bedford Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_S._Clark%27s_and_Robert_F._Kennedy%27s_tour_of_the_Mississippi_Delta" title="Joseph S. Clark's and Robert F. Kennedy's tour of the Mississippi Delta">Mississippi Delta tour</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Compound" title="Kennedy Compound">Kennedy Compound</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hickory_Hill_(McLean,_Virginia)" title="Hickory Hill (McLean, Virginia)">Hickory Hill home</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Robert_F_Kennedy_crop.jpg/90px-Robert_F_Kennedy_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Robert_F_Kennedy_crop.jpg/135px-Robert_F_Kennedy_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Robert_F_Kennedy_crop.jpg/180px-Robert_F_Kennedy_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="470" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electoral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="1964 United States Senate election in New York">1964 U.S. Senate election</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_1968_presidential_campaign" title="Robert F. Kennedy 1968 presidential campaign">1968 presidential campaign</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1968_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1968 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Boiler_Room_Girls" title="Boiler Room Girls">Boiler Room Girls</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Law_Day_Address" title="Law Day Address">Law Day Address</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Affirmation_Address" title="Day of Affirmation Address">Day of Affirmation Address</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Conflict_in_Vietnam_and_at_Home" title="Conflict in Vietnam and at Home">Conflict in Vietnam and at Home</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy%27s_remarks_at_the_University_of_Kansas" title="Robert F. Kennedy's remarks at the University of Kansas">University of Kansas</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy%27s_speech_at_Ball_State_University" title="Robert F. Kennedy's speech at Ball State University">Ball State</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy%27s_speech_on_the_assassination_of_Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Robert F. Kennedy's speech on the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.">On the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/On_the_Mindless_Menace_of_Violence" title="On the Mindless Menace of Violence">"On the Mindless Menace of Violence"</a> (1968)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Enemy_Within_(Kennedy_book)" title="The Enemy Within (Kennedy book)"><i>The Enemy Within</i></a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Pursuit_of_Justice" title="The Pursuit of Justice"><i>The Pursuit of Justice</i></a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/To_Seek_a_Newer_World" title="To Seek a Newer World"><i>To Seek a Newer World</i></a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Days_(book)" title="Thirteen Days (book)"><i>Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis</i></a> (1969)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy">Assassination</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sirhan_Sirhan" title="Sirhan Sirhan">Sirhan Sirhan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ambassador_Hotel_(Los_Angeles)" title="Ambassador Hotel (Los Angeles)">Ambassador Hotel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_assassination_conspiracy_theories" title="Robert F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories">Conspiracy theories</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grave_of_Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Grave of Robert F. Kennedy">Gravesite</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy and<br />memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Department_of_Justice_Building" title="Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building">Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_silver_dollar" title="Robert F. Kennedy silver dollar">Robert F. Kennedy silver dollar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Human_Rights" title="Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights">Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Human_Rights_Award" title="Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award">Human Rights Award</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Journalism_Award" title="Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award">Journalism Award</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Center_for_Justice_and_Human_Rights#Book_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights">Book Award</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Memorial_Stadium" title="Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium">Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Memorial_(Brooklyn)" title="Robert F. Kennedy Memorial (Brooklyn)">Brooklyn Memorial</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Landmark_for_Peace_Memorial" title="Landmark for Peace Memorial">Landmark for Peace Memorial</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Dignity,_Equality,_and_Justice" title="Arch of Dignity, Equality, and Justice">Arch of Dignity, Equality, and Justice</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy%E2%80%93King_College" title="Kennedy–King College">Kennedy–King College</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Community_Schools" title="Robert F. Kennedy Community Schools">Robert F. Kennedy Community Schools</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Bridge" title="Robert F. Kennedy Bridge">Robert F. Kennedy Bridge</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular<br />culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_in_media" title="Robert F. Kennedy in media">Robert F. Kennedy in media</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Crisis:_Behind_a_Presidential_Commitment" title="Crisis: Behind a Presidential Commitment"><i>Crisis: Behind a Presidential Commitment</i></a> (1963 documentary)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kennedy_Remembered" title="Robert Kennedy Remembered"><i>Robert Kennedy Remembered</i></a> (1968 documentary)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abraham,_Martin_and_John" title="Abraham, Martin and John">"Abraham, Martin and John"</a> (1968 song)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Missiles_of_October" title="The Missiles of October"><i>The Missiles of October</i></a> (1974 docudrama)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_(1983_miniseries)" title="Kennedy (1983 miniseries)"><i>Kennedy</i></a> (1983 miniseries)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Blood_Feud_(1983_film)" title="Blood Feud (1983 film)"><i>Blood Feud</i></a> (1983 film)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Jack" title="Prince Jack"><i>Prince Jack</i></a> (1985 film)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kennedy_and_His_Times" title="Robert Kennedy and His Times"><i>Robert Kennedy and His Times</i></a> (1985 miniseries)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hoover_vs._The_Kennedys" title="Hoover vs. The Kennedys"><i>Hoover vs. The Kennedys</i></a> (1987 miniseries)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Days_(film)" title="Thirteen Days (film)"><i>Thirteen Days</i></a> (2000 film)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/RFK_(film)" title="RFK (film)"><i>RFK</i></a> (2002 film)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_(2006_film)" title="Bobby (2006 film)"><i>Bobby</i></a> (2006 film)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/RFK_Must_Die" title="RFK Must Die"><i>RFK Must Die</i></a> (2007 documentary)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Kennedys_(miniseries)" title="The Kennedys (miniseries)"><i>The Kennedys</i></a> (2011 miniseries)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ethel_(film)" title="Ethel (film)"><i>Ethel</i></a> (2012 documentary)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Killing_Kennedy_(film)" title="Killing Kennedy (film)">Killing Kennedy</a></i> (2013 film)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jackie_(2016_film)" title="Jackie (2016 film)"><i>Jackie</i></a> (2016 film)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Kennedy_for_President" title="Bobby Kennedy for President"><i>Bobby Kennedy for President</i></a> (2018 miniseries)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Family,</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family#Genealogy" title="Kennedy family">family tree</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Kennedy" title="Ethel Kennedy">Ethel Skakel</a> (wife)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Kennedy_Townsend" title="Kathleen Kennedy Townsend">Kathleen Kennedy</a> (daughter)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_II" title="Joseph P. Kennedy II">Joseph Patrick Kennedy</a> (son)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr." title="Robert F. Kennedy Jr.">Robert F. Kennedy Jr.</a> (son)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_LeMoyne_Kennedy" title="Michael LeMoyne Kennedy">Michael LeMoyne Kennedy</a> (son)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kerry_Kennedy" title="Kerry Kennedy">Kerry Kennedy</a> (daughter)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_G._Kennedy" title="Christopher G. Kennedy">Christopher G. Kennedy</a> (son)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Max_Kennedy" title="Max Kennedy">Max Kennedy</a> (son)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Harriman_Kennedy" title="Douglas Harriman Kennedy">Douglas Harriman Kennedy</a> (son)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rory_Kennedy" title="Rory Kennedy">Rory Kennedy</a> (daughter)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maeve_Kennedy_McKean" title="Maeve Kennedy McKean">Maeve Kennedy McKean</a> (granddaughter)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joseph P. Kennedy III</a> (grandson)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Max_Kennedy_Jr." title="Max Kennedy Jr.">Max Kennedy Jr.</a> (grandson)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_Sr." title="Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.">Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.</a> (father)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rose_Kennedy" title="Rose Kennedy">Rose Kennedy</a> (mother)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy_Jr." title="Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.">Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.</a> (brother)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> (brother</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Presidency of John F. Kennedy">presidency</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Kennedy" title="Rosemary Kennedy">Rosemary Kennedy</a> (sister)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Cavendish,_Marchioness_of_Hartington" title="Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington">Kathleen Kennedy Cavendish</a> (sister)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver" title="Eunice Kennedy Shriver">Eunice Kennedy Shriver</a> (sister)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Kennedy_Lawford" title="Patricia Kennedy Lawford">Patricia Kennedy Lawford</a> (sister)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Kennedy_Smith" title="Jean Kennedy Smith">Jean Kennedy Smith</a> (sister)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a> (brother)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/P._J._Kennedy" title="P. J. Kennedy">Patrick J. Kennedy</a> (grandfather)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Augusta_Kennedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Augusta Kennedy">Mary Augusta Kennedy</a> (grandmother)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Fitzgerald" title="John F. Fitzgerald">John F. Fitzgerald</a> (grandfather)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Category:Robert F. Kennedy">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Massachusetts&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_113th–116th_United_States_Congress_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Massachusetts&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_113th–116th_United_States_Congress_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>'s delegation(s) to the 113th–116th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry"><i>J. Kerry</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">E. Warren</a> (D)<br /></li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mo_Cowan" title="Mo Cowan"><i>M. Cowan</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey"><i>E. Markey</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States representatives from Massachusetts">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey"><i>E. Markey</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neal" title="Richard Neal">R. Neal</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)" title="Jim McGovern (American politician)">J. McGovern</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_F._Tierney" title="John F. Tierney">J. Tierney</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Capuano" title="Mike Capuano">M. Capuano</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Stephen_F._Lynch" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen F. Lynch">S. Lynch</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Niki_Tsongas" title="Niki Tsongas">N. Tsongas</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bill_Keating_(politician)" title="Bill Keating (politician)">B. Keating</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Kennedy III</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Clark" title="Katherine Clark"><i>K. Clark</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/114th_United_States_Congress" title="114th United States Congress">114th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">E. Warren</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">E. Markey</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States representatives from Massachusetts">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neal" title="Richard Neal">R. Neal</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)" title="Jim McGovern (American politician)">J. McGovern</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Capuano" title="Mike Capuano">M. Capuano</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Stephen_F._Lynch" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen F. Lynch">S. Lynch</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Niki_Tsongas" title="Niki Tsongas">N. Tsongas</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bill_Keating_(politician)" title="Bill Keating (politician)">B. Keating</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Kennedy III</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Clark" title="Katherine Clark">K. Clark</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Seth_Moulton" title="Seth Moulton">S. Moulton</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">E. Warren</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">E. Markey</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States representatives from Massachusetts">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neal" title="Richard Neal">R. Neal</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)" title="Jim McGovern (American politician)">J. McGovern</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Capuano" title="Mike Capuano">M. Capuano</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Stephen_F._Lynch" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen F. Lynch">S. Lynch</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Niki_Tsongas" title="Niki Tsongas">N. Tsongas</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bill_Keating_(politician)" title="Bill Keating (politician)">B. Keating</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Kennedy III</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Clark" title="Katherine Clark">K. Clark</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Seth_Moulton" title="Seth Moulton">S. Moulton</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">E. Warren</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">E. Markey</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States representatives from Massachusetts">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neal" title="Richard Neal">R. Neal</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)" title="Jim McGovern (American politician)">J. McGovern</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Stephen_F._Lynch" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen F. Lynch">S. Lynch</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bill_Keating_(politician)" title="Bill Keating (politician)">B. Keating</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Kennedy III</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Clark" title="Katherine Clark">K. Clark</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Seth_Moulton" title="Seth Moulton">S. Moulton</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ayanna_Pressley" title="Ayanna Pressley">A. Pressley</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lori_Trahan" title="Lori Trahan">L. Trahan</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1707784#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1707784#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1707784#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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