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id="toc-Användning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Industri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Industri </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elproduktion_och_fjärrvärme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elproduktion_och_fjärrvärme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Elproduktion och fjärrvärme </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elproduktion_och_fjärrvärme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Transport </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hushåll" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hushåll"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Hushåll </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hushåll-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Väte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Väte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Väte </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Väte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konstgödsel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konstgödsel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Konstgödsel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konstgödsel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Foder </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miljöpåverkan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miljöpåverkan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Miljöpåverkan </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Miljöpåverkan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Växla underavsnittet Miljöpåverkan </button> <ul id="toc-Miljöpåverkan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Klimatet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klimatet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Klimatet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klimatet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Koldioxidutsläpp" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Koldioxidutsläpp"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Koldioxidutsläpp </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Koldioxidutsläpp-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metanläckor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metanläckor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Metanläckor </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metanläckor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydraulisk_spräckning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydraulisk_spräckning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Hydraulisk spräckning </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydraulisk_spräckning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Andra_föroreningar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andra_föroreningar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Andra föroreningar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Andra_föroreningar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Säkerhet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Säkerhet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Säkerhet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Säkerhet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tillgångar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tillgångar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Tillgångar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tillgångar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_och_handel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_och_handel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Distribution och handel </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Distribution_och_handel-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Växla underavsnittet Distribution och handel </button> <ul id="toc-Distribution_och_handel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Infrastruktur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastruktur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Infrastruktur </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastruktur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_i_EU" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_i_EU"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Distribution i EU </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution_i_EU-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_i_Sverige" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_i_Sverige"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Distribution i Sverige </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution_i_Sverige-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Källor </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Se även </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Externa länkar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innehållsförteckning" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Växla innehållsförteckningen </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Fossilgas</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 103 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-103" aria-hidden="true" > 103 språk </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aardgas" title="Aardgas – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aardgas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A" title="غاز طبيعي – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غاز طبيعي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_natural" title="Gas natural – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Gas natural" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_natural" title="Gas natural – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gas natural" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%99bii_qaz" title="Təbii qaz – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Təbii qaz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="প্রাকৃতিক গ্যাস – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রাকৃতিক গ্যাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thian-ji%C3%A2n-kh%C3%AC" title="Thian-jiân-khì – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thian-jiân-khì" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Прыродны газ – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прыродны газ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Прыродны газ – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прыродны газ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Natural gas" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Природен газ – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Природен газ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prirodni_plin" title="Prirodni plin – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prirodni plin" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_natural" title="Gas natural – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gas natural" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%D1%83%D1%82%C3%A7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%C4%83%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%C4%95" title="Çутçанталăк газĕ – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çутçанталăк газĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemn%C3%AD_plyn" title="Zemní plyn – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zemní plyn" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nwy_naturiol" title="Nwy naturiol – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Nwy naturiol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturgas" title="Naturgas – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Naturgas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DD%A3%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A" title="ݣاز طبيعي – marockansk arabiska" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ݣاز طبيعي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marockansk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdgas" title="Erdgas – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erdgas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maagaas" title="Maagaas – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maagaas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%B1%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Φυσικό αέριο – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φυσικό αέριο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Natural gas" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_natural" title="Gas natural – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gas natural" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tergaso" title="Tergaso – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tergaso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_natural" title="Gas natural – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gas natural" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C" title="گاز طبیعی – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گاز طبیعی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gass" title="Gass – färöiska" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Gass" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="färöiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaz_naturel" title="Gaz naturel – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gaz naturel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ierdgas" title="Ierdgas – västfrisiska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ierdgas" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="västfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1s_n%C3%A1d%C3%BArtha" title="Gás nádúrtha – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gás nádúrtha" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_natural" title="Gas natural – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gas natural" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn-y%C3%A8n-h%C3%AC" title="Thiên-yèn-hì – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thiên-yèn-hì" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%9C%EC%97%B0%EA%B0%80%EC%8A%A4" title="천연가스 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="천연가스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%A6" title="Բնական գազ – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բնական գազ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8" title="प्राकृतिक गैस – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्राकृतिक गैस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prirodni_plin" title="Prirodni plin – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prirodni plin" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturala_gaso" title="Naturala gaso – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Naturala gaso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_fosil" title="Gas fosil – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gas fosil" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jar%C3%B0gas" title="Jarðgas – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jarðgas" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_naturale" title="Gas naturale – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gas naturale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%96_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%99" title="גז טבעי – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גז טבעי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_bumi" title="Gas bumi – javanesiska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Gas bumi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2" title="ನಿಸರ್ಗಾನಿಲ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನಿಸರ್ಗಾನಿಲ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ბუნებრივი აირი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბუნებრივი აირი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D2%93%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Табиғи газ – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Табиғи газ" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubucuruzi_bwa_Gaze_mu_Rwanda" title="Ubucuruzi bwa Gaze mu Rwanda – kinjarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ubucuruzi bwa Gaze mu Rwanda" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinjarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesi_asilia" title="Gesi asilia – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Gesi asilia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaz_natir%C3%A8l" title="Gaz natirèl – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Gaz natirèl" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_xwezay%C3%AE" title="Gaza xwezayî – kurdiska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gaza xwezayî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasium_naturale" title="Gasium naturale – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gasium naturale" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabasg%C4%81ze" title="Dabasgāze – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dabasgāze" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamtin%C4%97s_dujos" title="Gamtinės dujos – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gamtinės dujos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerdgaas" title="Aerdgaas – limburgiska" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Aerdgaas" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gass_nat%C3%BCral" title="Gass natüral – lombardiska" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Gass natüral" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6ldg%C3%A1z" title="Földgáz – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Földgáz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Земен гас – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Земен гас" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etona_voajanahary" title="Etona voajanahary – malagassiska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Etona voajanahary" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="പ്രകൃതിവാതകം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രകൃതിവാതകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82" title="नैसर्गिक वायू – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नैसर्गिक वायू" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_asli" title="Gas asli – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gas asli" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Байгалийн хий – mongoliska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Байгалийн хий" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9D%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7" title="သဘာဝဓာတ်ငွေ့ – burmesiska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သဘာဝဓာတ်ငွေ့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aardgas" title="Aardgas – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aardgas" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eerdgas" title="Eerdgas – lågsaxiska" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Eerdgas" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lågsaxiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%B8" title="प्राकृतिक ग्याँस – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्राकृतिक ग्याँस" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E3%82%AC%E3%82%B9" title="天然ガス – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="天然ガス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturgass" title="Naturgass – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Naturgass" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturgass" title="Naturgass – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Naturgass" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_naturau" title="Gas naturau – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gas naturau" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabiiy_gazlar" title="Tabiiy gazlar – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tabiiy gazlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B8" title="ਕੁਦਰਤੀ ਗੈਸ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੁਦਰਤੀ ਗੈਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="قدرتی گیس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="قدرتی گیس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%D9%8A_%DA%AB%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="طبیعي ګاز – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="طبیعي ګاز" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaz_ziemny" title="Gaz ziemny – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gaz ziemny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1s_natural" title="Gás natural – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gás natural" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1biyiy_g%C3%A1z" title="Tábiyiy gáz – karakalpakiska" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Tábiyiy gáz" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaz_natural" title="Gaz natural – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gaz natural" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allpa_wapsi" title="Allpa wapsi – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Allpa wapsi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D2%91%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Земный ґаз – rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Земный ґаз" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Природный газ – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Природный газ" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D2%95%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D2%BB%D0%B0" title="Айылҕа гааһа – jakutiska" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Айылҕа гааһа" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazi_natyror" title="Gazi natyror – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gazi natyror" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Natural gas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemn%C3%BD_plyn" title="Zemný plyn – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zemný plyn" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemeljski_plin" title="Zemeljski plin – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zemeljski plin" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="گازی سروشتی – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گازی سروشتی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemni_gas" title="Zemni gas – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Zemni gas" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemni_gas" title="Zemni gas – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zemni gas" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maakaasu" title="Maakaasu – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maakaasu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF" title="இயற்கை எரிவளி – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இயற்கை எரிவளி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabi%C4%9Fi_gaz" title="Tabiği gaz – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Tabiği gaz" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%9C_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81" title="సహజ వాయువు – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సహజ వాయువు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4" title="แก๊สธรรมชาติ – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แก๊สธรรมชาติ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D3%A3" title="Гази табиӣ – tadzjikiska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гази табиӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzjikiska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%C4%9Falgaz" title="Doğalgaz – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Doğalgaz" 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class="ambox-text">Den här artikeln bör enligt ett förslag <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Flytta_sida" title="Wikipedia:Flytta sida">flyttas</a> till <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naturgas&redirect=no">Naturgas</a> (2024-01) (<a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Fossilgas" title="Diskussion:Fossilgas">Diskussion</a>) Motivering: Det verkar som om konsensus har inte uppnåtts på <a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Fossilgas" title="Diskussion:Fossilgas">diskussionssidan</a> än. Mallen används för flyttningsförslag som behöver diskuteras, se <a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Fossilgas" title="Diskussion:Fossilgas">diskussionssidan</a>. Okontroversiella flyttningar kan utföras direkt. I fall då sidflytt kräver administratörshjälp, fråga efter denna på <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Beg%C3%A4ran_om_%C3%A5tg%C3%A4rder" title="Wikipedia:Begäran om åtgärder">Wikipedia:Begäran om åtgärder</a>.</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Gaskessel_gr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Gaskessel_gr.jpg/250px-Gaskessel_gr.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Gaskessel_gr.jpg/375px-Gaskessel_gr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Gaskessel_gr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>En cistern för fossilgas</figcaption></figure> Fossilgas, eller naturgas, på <a href="/wiki/Finlandssvenska" title="Finlandssvenska">finlandssvenska</a> också jordgas, är en blandning av <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gaser</a>, huvudsakligen <a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">metan</a>, som finns i fickor i <a href="/wiki/Jordskorpan" title="Jordskorpan">jordskorpan</a>. Gasen bildas när lager av sönderfallande växt- och djurämnen utsätts för intensiv värme och tryck under jordytan under miljoner år och har därmed ett <a href="/wiki/Fossil" title="Fossil">fossilt</a> ursprung.<a href="#cite_note-:2-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <a href="/wiki/Energi" title="Energi">Energin</a> som växterna ursprungligen fått från <a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">solen</a> lagras i gasen. Fossilgas är en <a href="/wiki/Icke_f%C3%B6rnybar_energik%C3%A4lla" class="mw-redirect" title="Icke förnybar energikälla">icke förnybar energikälla</a> som utvinns ur separata gasfyndigheter och i samband med oljeutvinning. Den används i bland annat <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rmeverk" title="Värmeverk">värme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matlagning" title="Matlagning">matlagning</a> och <a href="/wiki/Elproduktion" title="Elproduktion">elproduktion</a>, som <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A4nsle" title="Bränsle">bränsle</a> för <a href="/wiki/Fordon" title="Fordon">fordon</a> och som <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A5vara" title="Råvara">kemisk råvara</a> vid tillverkning av bland annat <a href="/wiki/Plast" title="Plast">plast</a>. Både fossilgas och <a href="/wiki/Biogas" title="Biogas">biogas</a> består framför allt av <a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">metan</a>, vilket gör att de två gaserna i de flesta sammanhang är utbytbara.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Hållbarhetstermlistan på <a href="/wiki/ISOF" class="mw-redirect" title="ISOF">ISOF</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> anger att termen naturgas har funnits sedan 1800-talet som ett samlingsnamn på gas som bildats naturligt och inte på konstgjord väg. Termen fossilgas har använts sedan 1990-talet och är en bestämning som tydliggör att gasen har fossilt ursprung och gör det enklare att skilja olika gaser åt; t.ex. behöver gasen kunna skiljas från biogas. Hållbarhetstermlistan anger fossilgas som huvudterm och naturgas som synonym. I dag står fossilgas för en fjärdedel av världens energiförsörjning. 2022 stod fossilgas och <a href="/wiki/Stadsgas" title="Stadsgas">stadsgas</a> för omkring tre procent av den svenska energitillförseln.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Den fossilgas som används i Sverige har framför allt kommit från <a href="/wiki/Gasf%C3%A4ltet_Tyra" title="Gasfältet Tyra">Gasfältet Tyra</a> i den danska delen av <a href="/wiki/Nordsj%C3%B6n" title="Nordsjön">Nordsjön</a>. Under perioden 2019–2023 har detta gasfält varit otillgängligt på grund av ombyggnad och underhåll varför dansk och svensk gas under denna tid främst kommit från <a href="/wiki/Tyskland" title="Tyskland">Tyskland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Metan som släpps ut oförbränd i atmosfären ger en betydande <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xthusgas" title="Växthusgas">växthuseffekt</a>, medan den vid förbränning reagerar med luftens syre och bildar vatten och koldioxid. Exakt hur den påverkar den <a href="/wiki/Global_uppv%C3%A4rmning" title="Global uppvärmning">globala uppvärmningen</a> är omdebatterat.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-:11-9">[9]</a> Förespråkare argumenterar för att fossilgas kan användas som övergångsbränsle, då gas per energimängd ger ungefär hälften så stora utsläpp av koldioxid än <a href="/wiki/Olja" title="Olja">olja</a> och <a href="/wiki/Kol_(br%C3%A4nsle)" title="Kol (bränsle)">kol</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Kritiker menar att satsningar på fossilgas binder oss vid <a href="/wiki/Fossila_br%C3%A4nslen" title="Fossila bränslen">fossila bränslen</a> under lång tid framåt. De framhåller också att oförbränd metangas som släpps ut i atmosfären är en 80 gånger starkare växthusgas än <a href="/wiki/Koldioxid" title="Koldioxid">koldioxid</a>, vilket gör att även relativt små läckage vid hantering av fossilgas kan ge betydande bidrag till växthuseffekt.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Dessa bidrag kan helt omintetgöra den klimatnytta som erhålls vid övergång från kol och olja till gas.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Egenskaper">Egenskaper</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Egenskaper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Egenskaper">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Huvudmolekylen i fossilgas - det enklaste kolvätet metan - innehåller endast en <a href="/wiki/Kol" title="Kol">kolatom</a> (den kemiska formeln är CH4). Vanligtvis innehåller gasen också mindre mängder av andra <a href="/wiki/Kolv%C3%A4te" title="Kolväte">kolväten</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:2-1">[1]</a> Vid utvinning varierar andelen metan från omkring 70 procent och uppåt. Ofta avskiljs andra gaser, till exempel <a href="/wiki/Etan" title="Etan">etan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Propan" title="Propan">propan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Butan" title="Butan">butan</a>, innan gasen går vidare till slutanvändare. En viss mängd av bland annat etan och propan finns vanligen kvar även efter avskiljningen. Sammansättningen varierar något från land till land. I det svenska nätet innehåller fossilgasen 90 procent metan, 6 procent etan och 2 procent propan. Fossilgas fortsätter att vara i <a href="/wiki/Gasform" class="mw-redirect" title="Gasform">gasform</a> även om gasen utsätts för mycket höga <a href="/wiki/Tryck" title="Tryck">tryck</a>. Om fossilgasen kyls ner till -163 °C övergår den till flytande form (<a href="/wiki/LNG" class="mw-redirect" title="LNG">LNG</a>). Flytande gas tar upp 1/600 så mycket utrymme som fossilgas i gasform.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Fossilgas mäts vanligen i <a href="/wiki/Kubikmeter" title="Kubikmeter">kubikmeter</a> (m³). Med begreppet <a href="/wiki/Normalkubikmeter" title="Normalkubikmeter">normalkubikmeter</a> (Nm³) menas 1 kubikmeter fossilgas vid trycket 1,01325 <a href="/wiki/Bar_(m%C3%A5ttenhet)" title="Bar (måttenhet)">bar</a> och <a href="/wiki/Temperatur" title="Temperatur">temperaturen</a> 0 °C.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Användning">Användning</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Användning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Användning">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Fossilgas används främst på <a href="/wiki/Norra_halvklotet" title="Norra halvklotet">norra halvklotet</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nordamerika" title="Nordamerika">Nordamerika</a> och <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> är stora konsumenter. I Sverige har fossilgas använts som energikälla sedan mitten av 1980-talet. Fossilgas är världens tredje viktigaste energikälla efter olja och kol <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/global-energy-substitution?time=latest">[1]</a> . Idag svarar fossilgas för 20–25 procent av den globala energiförsörjningen. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industri">Industri</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Industri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Industri">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Fossilgas används inom industrin som råvara till produktion av kemikalier som till exempel <a href="/wiki/Metanol" title="Metanol">metanol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syntesgas" title="Syntesgas">syntesgas</a> och <a href="/wiki/Ammoniak" title="Ammoniak">ammoniak</a>. Fossilgaskondensat (<a href="/wiki/Etan" title="Etan">etan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Propan" title="Propan">propan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Butan" title="Butan">butan</a> och lättbensin nafta) används som råvara för att producera främst <a href="/wiki/Eten" title="Eten">eten</a> och <a href="/wiki/Propen" title="Propen">propen</a>, som i sin tur används för tillverkning av <a href="/wiki/Polyeten" title="Polyeten">polyeten</a>-, <a href="/wiki/PVC" class="mw-redirect" title="PVC">PVC</a>-, <a href="/wiki/Polypropen" title="Polypropen">polypropen</a>-plast och <a href="/wiki/Etenoxid" title="Etenoxid">etenoxid</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elproduktion_och_fjärrvärme">Elproduktion och fjärrvärme</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Elproduktion och fjärrvärme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Elproduktion och fjärrvärme">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Fossilgas är en viktig källa för elproduktion. Elen framställs i <a href="/wiki/Kraftv%C3%A4rmeverk" title="Kraftvärmeverk">kraftvärmeverk</a> genom att fossilgas bränns i en <a href="/wiki/Gasturbin" title="Gasturbin">gasturbin</a> som är ansluten till en <a href="/wiki/Generator" title="Generator">generator</a>. Avgaserna från förbränningen är mycket heta, vilket kan användas för att producera ytterligare el med hjälp av <a href="/wiki/%C3%85ngturbin" title="Ångturbin">ångturbiner</a>, eller till <a href="/wiki/Fj%C3%A4rrv%C3%A4rme" title="Fjärrvärme">fjärrvärme</a>.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Transport" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Transport">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> I Sverige finns omkring 55 000 fordon som drivs på <a href="/wiki/Fordonsgas" title="Fordonsgas">fordonsgas</a>, både <a href="/wiki/Personbil" title="Personbil">personbilar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buss" title="Buss">bussar</a> och <a href="/wiki/Tung_trafik" title="Tung trafik">tunga</a> transporter. Fordonsgas tankas i <a href="/wiki/Compressed_Natural_Gas" title="Compressed Natural Gas">komprimerad gasform</a> (CNG) eller i <a href="/wiki/Flytande_naturgas" class="mw-redirect" title="Flytande naturgas">flytande form</a> (LNG) och består av biogas, fossilgas eller en kombination. Sedan 2018 är andelen biogas i komprimerad fordonsgas över 90%. I den mindre använda flytande fordonsgasen är andelen biogas runt 29%.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> I början av 2020 fanns över 190 allmänna tankställen för komprimerad fossilgas i Sverige, och 17 tankställen för flytande fossilgas.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> Fossilgas har lyfts fram som ett miljövänligare alternativ till olja i fartygsbränsle, i och med nya krav på klimatvänliga <a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B6fart" title="Sjöfart">transporter till sjöss</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Stora <a href="/wiki/Investering" title="Investering">investeringar</a> har därför gjorts för att ställa om <a href="/wiki/Lastfartyg" title="Lastfartyg">lastfartyg</a> och <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A4rja" title="Färja">färjor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Uppskattningarna om hur mycket <a href="/wiki/Rederi" title="Rederi">rederier</a> som ställer om till fossilgas kommer att minska sin klimatverkan varierar dock stort.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a>. Fossilgasens framtid som fartygsbränsle är fortfarande osäker.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Både komprimerad och flytande fossilgas har också använts som bränsle i <a href="/wiki/Flygplan" title="Flygplan">flygplan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musks</a> <a href="/wiki/Raketmotor" title="Raketmotor">raketmotor</a> <a href="/wiki/Raptor_(raketmotor)" title="Raptor (raketmotor)">Raptor</a>, tänkt att ta människor till <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a>, drivs en blandning av flytande <a href="/wiki/Syre" title="Syre">syre</a> och metan. Också <a href="/wiki/Blue_Origin" title="Blue Origin">Blue Origin</a> utvecklar en raketmotor som drivs med hjälp av fossilgas.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hushåll">Hushåll</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Hushåll" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Hushåll">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Fossilgas används i hushåll för uppvärmning med <a href="/wiki/Gaspanna" title="Gaspanna">gaspanna</a> och matlagning med <a href="/wiki/Gasspis" title="Gasspis">gasspis</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stadsgas" title="Stadsgas">Stadsgas</a>, en blandning av metan och luft, transporteras i ett separat gasnät och används framför allt till matlagning. Ett hushåll måste vara anslutet till ett av Sveriges två gasnät (i Västsverige<a href="#cite_note-:0-25">[25]</a> och <a href="/wiki/Gasn%C3%A4tet_Stockholm" title="Gasnätet Stockholm">i Stockholm</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-26">[26]</a>) för att kunna använda gas i sin bostad.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Väte">Väte</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Väte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Väte">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> År 2019 tillverkades 98 % av all <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4te" title="Väte">vätgas</a> av fossilgas.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A4nslecellsbil" title="Bränslecellsbil">Bränslecellsbilar</a> drivs av komprimerad vätgas<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> och <a href="/wiki/Flytande_v%C3%A4te" class="mw-redirect" title="Flytande väte">flytande väte</a> har länge använts som bland annat raketbränsle.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sovjetunionen" title="Sovjetunionen">Sovjetunionen</a> experimenterade 1988 med att driva <a href="/wiki/Passagerarflygplan" class="mw-redirect" title="Passagerarflygplan">passagerarflygplanet</a> <a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-155" title="Tupolev Tu-155">Tupolev Tu-155</a> med flytande väte.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Konstgödsel">Konstgödsel</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Konstgödsel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Konstgödsel">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Fossilgas används i <a href="/wiki/Haber%E2%80%93Bosch-processen" title="Haber–Bosch-processen">Haber–Bosch-processen</a> för att producera ammoniak till konstgödsel.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foder">Foder</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitt: Foder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Foder">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Proteinrika <a href="/wiki/Djurfoder" title="Djurfoder">djur</a>- och <a href="/wiki/Fiskfoder" title="Fiskfoder">fiskfoder</a> produceras av fossilgas.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Miljöpåverkan">Miljöpåverkan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitt: Miljöpåverkan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Miljöpåverkan">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Fossilgas är ett <a href="/wiki/Fossila_br%C3%A4nslen" title="Fossila bränslen">fossilt bränsle</a>. Under lång tid har benämningen naturgas varit dominerande, men under 2000-talet har benämningen fossilgas tagit över, vilket betonar att gasen har samma grundläggande <a href="/wiki/Milj%C3%B6_(omgivning)" title="Miljö (omgivning)">miljöpåverkan</a> som kol och olja. Fossilgasens miljöpåverkan är framför allt att den bidrar till den <a href="/wiki/Global_uppv%C3%A4rmning" title="Global uppvärmning">globala uppvärmningen</a>. Annan påverkan är <a href="/wiki/Farligt_avfall" title="Farligt avfall">farligt avfall</a> och giftiga läckor vid <a href="/wiki/Utvisning" title="Utvisning">utvinning</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klimatet">Klimatet</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitt: Klimatet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Klimatet">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Metan, som är huvudbeståndsdelen i fossilgas, är en mycket potent växhusgas och bidrar därför till den ökade växthuseffekten. Vid förbränning av metan bildas koldioxid, vilket även bidrar till växthuseffekten. Gasen har under 2010-talet beskrivits som ett så kallat övergångsbränsle, som kan ersätta olja och kol fram tills det finns bättre alternativ. Förespråkare för tanken om övergångsbränsle argumenterar att fossilgas är en effektiv strategi att snabbt sänka utsläppen och det billigaste sättet att leva upp till <a href="/wiki/Parisavtalet_(F%C3%B6renta_nationernas_klimatavtal)" title="Parisavtalet (Förenta nationernas klimatavtal)">Parisavtalet</a>. Dessutom, menar förespråkare, kan den infrastruktur som vi idag bygger till fossilgas också användas i framtiden. Men då istället till miljövänligare alternativ som <a href="/wiki/Biogas" title="Biogas">biogas</a> och syntetisk fossilgas (så kallad Power to Gas, förkortat P2G).<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Kritiker argumenterar att fossilgas i sig har en för stor påverkan på klimatet. Dels genom metanutsläpp vid utvinning, och dels genom koldioxidutsläpp vid förbränning.<a href="#cite_note-:12-36">[36]</a> Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) simulerade 2018 ett scenario där den globala kolanvändningen fasades ut till <a href="/wiki/2035" title="2035">2035</a>. Experimentet visade att gas skulle fylla ca 70 procent av tomrummet, vilket skulle vara oförenligt med 1,5-gradersmålet.<a href="#cite_note-:12-36">[36]</a> Istället, menar kritiker, skulle ekonomiska resurser göra mer nytta om de satsas direkt på förnybara bränslen. Sedan 2011 är el från <a href="/wiki/Vindkraft" title="Vindkraft">vindkraft</a> billigare än fossilgas, och sedan 2015 är solkraft också billigare,<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> även utan de <a href="/wiki/Subvention" title="Subvention">subventioner</a> som gavs i Sverige fram till 2015. Kostnaderna för <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rnybara_energik%C3%A4llor" class="mw-redirect" title="Förnybara energikällor">förnybar energi</a> förväntas dessutom fortsätta minska.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Koldioxidutsläpp">Koldioxidutsläpp</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Redigera avsnitt: Koldioxidutsläpp" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=12" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Koldioxidutsläpp">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Fossilgas släpper ut 75% så mycket koldioxid som bensin vid förbränning, och lite mer än hälften så mycket som kol.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Förbränning av fossilgas bidrar därför mindre än andra fossila bränslen till den <a href="/wiki/Global_uppv%C3%A4rmning" title="Global uppvärmning">globala uppvärmningen</a>. Men det innebär fortfarande en betydande effekt på klimatet. Den gynnsamma effekten på växthuseffekt av de relativt sett lägre utsläppen av koldioxid kan omintetgöras av läckage av oförbränd metan, som har en betydande växthuseffekt. Enligt forskning från <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a> har lägre priser och större tillgänglighet på fossilgas minskat incitamenten att skapa energieffektiva lösningar. Det leder till att samhället använder mer energi, vilket ökar koldioxidutsläppen.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metanläckor">Metanläckor</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Redigera avsnitt: Metanläckor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=13" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Metanläckor">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Fossilgas består till ca 95 % av <a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">metan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Metan stannar inte lika länge i <a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A4r" title="Atmosfär">atmosfären</a> som koldioxid. Men under de första 20 åren efter utsläpp är metan en 84 gånger så kraftig växthusgas än koldioxid. Det gör metan till en mycket kraftig växthusgas när den släpps ut i atmosfären utan att förbrännas.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> Fossilgasläckor vid utvinning, transport och bearbetning är därför ett stort miljöproblem.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Metannivåerna i jordens atmosfär har stigit stadigt sedan början av 2000-talet. Men det är osäkert hur mycket av ökningen som kommer från fossilgas.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Environmental Protection Agency">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a> (EPA) uppskattade 2013 att 1,4 % av metanet läcker ut i atmosfären vid utvinning och transport. I en rapport från 2017 uppskattade forskare från NETL att utsläppen ligger på 1,7 %.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> En studie av 40 olika institutioner från 2018, koordinerad av Environmental Defense Fund, uppskattade att 2,3 % av metanet läcker ut i atmosfären, "tillräckligt för att sudda ut mycket av den klimatvinst som gas har jämfört med kol".<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Ny teknik gör det möjligt att bättre mäta läckor. Genom att granska metan i atmosfären visade forskare vid <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a> 2019 att växande metanutsläpp kan kopplas till skiffergas och skifferolja.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> När reportrar från <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">NY Times</a> 2019 besökte Permian Basin i USA med avancerade <a href="/wiki/Infrar%C3%B6d_fotografering" title="Infraröd fotografering">infraröda kameror</a> hittade de sex orapporterade jätteläckor - så kallade super emitters.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Sentinel-5P, den första satelliten byggd för att kontinuerligt kunna övervaka metanläckage, sköts upp i oktober 2017. I december 2019 skapade satelliten rubriker efter att den visade att utsläppen från en super emitter i <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> var mycket högre än det ansvariga företaget hade rapporterat.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> I april 2020 visade Sentinel-5P att brunnarna i Permian Basin läcker 3,7% av det metan som utvinns.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> En spridd metod att hantera läckor är genom elda upp gasen - så kallad <a href="/wiki/Gasfackling" title="Gasfackling">gasfackling</a>. Det är vanligt där fossilgas ses som en svårhanterlig restprodukt som är olönsam att ta vara på. 2017 facklades 140 miljarder kubikmeter gas globalt, vid oljefält och inom industrin.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> International Energy Agency (IEA) har uppskattat att fossilgasindustrin skulle kunna minska sina metanutsläpp med 75 procent genom tekniska lösningar. En tredjedel av dessa minskningar skulle betala för sig själva genom värdet av den sparade gasen. Tekniken finns redan. Utmaningen, menar IEA, är att skapa incitament för att få industrin att implementera tekniken.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydraulisk_spräckning">Hydraulisk spräckning</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Redigera avsnitt: Hydraulisk spräckning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=14" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Hydraulisk spräckning">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> <dl><dd>Huvudartikel: <a href="/wiki/Hydraulisk_spr%C3%A4ckning" title="Hydraulisk spräckning">Hydraulisk spräckning</a></dd></dl> <a href="/wiki/Hydraulisk_spr%C3%A4ckning" title="Hydraulisk spräckning">Hydraulisk spräckning</a>, också kallat fracking, är en metod för att utvinna svårtillgänglig fossilgas, ofta så kallad skiffergas. Vid fracking borras horisontella brunnar i marken mer än en kilometer under ytan. Sedan injiceras en högtrycksblandning av vatten, sand och kemikalier i borrhålet för att skapa sprickor i bergformationer och frigöra gasen. Kemikalierna hjälper vattnet att strömma snabbare, dödar <a href="/wiki/Bakterier" title="Bakterier">bakterier</a> och skyddar rören.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-:13-63">[63]</a> Fracking är kontroversiellt och förknippat med särskilda miljöproblem.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Men idag (maj 2020) finns det inte tillräckligt med forskning för att säga exakt hur fracking påverkar hälsa och miljö.<a href="#cite_note-:13-63">[63]</a> Metoden använder stora mängder vatten, som fraktas till platsen och pumpas upp från <a href="/wiki/Akvifer" title="Akvifer">grundvattenbassänger</a>. I områden med vattenbrist kan fracking ha stor påverkan på vattentillgången .<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Vattnet som pumpas ned i borrhålet innehåller giftiga kemikalier som riskerar läcka till närliggande grundvatten.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-:14-69">[69]</a> Kemikalierna i vattnet, ibland tillsammans med <a href="/wiki/Radioaktivitet" title="Radioaktivitet">radioaktivitet</a> och giftiga ämnen som finns naturligt i marken, följer med vattnet upp till ytan när det pumpas tillbaka. Väl ovan jord riskerar det spridas i omgivningen och i luften, och måste hanteras som miljöfarligt avfall.<a href="#cite_note-:14-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Fracking är förbjudet i flera länder. <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a> införde ett förbud 2011,<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien">Bulgarien</a> under 2012<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> och <a href="/wiki/Irland" title="Irland">Irland</a> 2017<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Skottland" title="Skottland">Skottland</a> införde ett <a href="/wiki/Moratorium" title="Moratorium">moratorium</a> 2015.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Det förlängdes i oktober 2019, då fracking inte anses förenligt med Skottlands mål att minska sina klimatutsläpp till netto noll år 2045.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> införde ett moratorium 2015 och den <a href="/wiki/Storbritanniens_regering" title="Storbritanniens regering">brittiska regeringen</a> stoppade fracking i <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> i november 2019. De bedömde att det inte är möjligt att förutse jordbävningar orsakade av fracking.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tyskland" title="Tyskland">Tyskland</a> förbjöd fracking från okonventionella källor 2017.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A4nderna" title="Nederländerna">Nederländerna</a> införde 2015 ett femårigt moratorium mot fracking och 2018 sa landets ekonomi- och klimatminister Eric Wiebes att "Skiffergas är inte längre ett alternativ".<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Andra_föroreningar">Andra föroreningar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Redigera avsnitt: Andra föroreningar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=15" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Andra föroreningar">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Fossilgas ger en renare förbränning jämfört med kol, olja och biobränslen. Därför bildas lägre mängder utsläpp av miljö- och hälsoskadliga ämnen som <a href="/wiki/Svavel" title="Svavel">svavel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kv%C3%A4veoxider" title="Kväveoxider">kväveoxider</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tungmetall" title="Tungmetall">tungmetaller</a>, stoft och <a href="/wiki/Sot" title="Sot">sot</a>. Det innebär bland annat en bättre arbetsmiljö och mindre <a href="/wiki/Slitage" title="Slitage">slitage</a> vid kraftvärmeverk. Gasfordon ger minskad <a href="/wiki/Smog" title="Smog">smog</a> och färre giftiga ämnen i stadsmiljö. Genom att driva fartyg på flytande fossilgas istället för olja minskar utsläpp av <a href="/wiki/Svaveldioxid" title="Svaveldioxid">svaveldioxid</a> och kväveoxider som påverkar miljön i haven och i luften. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Säkerhet">Säkerhet</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Redigera avsnitt: Säkerhet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=16" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Säkerhet">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Vid utvinning av fossilgas kan arbetare utsättas för <a href="/wiki/Svavelv%C3%A4te" title="Svavelväte">svavelväte</a>, en giftig, osynlig och brandfarlig gas som kan vara dödlig vid kontakt.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> Utvinning kan orsaka <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4ttning_(geologi)" title="Sättning (geologi)">sättningar</a> när trycket från underjordisk gas inte längre hjälper till att stötta upp marklagren ovanför. Det kan leda till <a href="/wiki/Jordb%C3%A4vning" title="Jordbävning">jordbävningar</a> och sjunkande marknivå, som påverkar ekosystem, byggnader och <a href="/wiki/Infrastruktur" title="Infrastruktur">infrastruktur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> En serie jordbävningar vid fossilgasfältet i <a href="/wiki/Groningen_(provins)" title="Groningen (provins)">Groningen</a> har lett till stora skador i samhället. Efter återkommande protester beslutade Nederländerna att gasfältet i Groningen ska stängas ned år 2022.<a href="#cite_note-:4-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> Utvinning av fossilgas riskerar att påverka <a href="/wiki/Grundvatten" title="Grundvatten">grundvatten</a>, dels genom att vatten pumpas upp ur marken, och dels genom att föroreningar sprids till närliggande <a href="/wiki/Vattent%C3%A4kt" title="Vattentäkt">grundvattentäkter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:5-89">[89]</a> Hydrualisk spräckning (fracking) är en metod för att utvinna fossilgas som medför särskilda säkerhetsrisker. Fracking producerar stora mängder farligt avfall. Gas, kemikalier och radioaktivitet<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> riskerar att förorena närliggande grundvatten, eller spridas via luften till arbetare och närliggande samhällen.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Gasexplosioner kan inträffa både under distribution av gasen och vid användning i privata hem och företag. Det är ovanligt i Sverige. Fossilgas är lättare än luft, och om utsläpp sker i det fria stiger gasen uppåt i <a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A4r" title="Atmosfär">atmosfären</a> och späds ut, vilket minskar risken för antändning.<a href="#cite_note-:6-93">[93]</a> Komprimerad och flytande fossilgas räknas som <a href="/wiki/Farligt_gods" title="Farligt gods">farligt gods</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:6-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Fossilgas är osynlig och luktfri. För att lättare kunna upptäcka läckor tillsätts ett luktämne, till exempel <a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrotiofen" title="Tetrahydrotiofen">tetrahydrotiofen</a>. Fossilgas som används i hem kan bilda <a href="/wiki/Kolmonoxid" title="Kolmonoxid">kolmonoxid</a> vid ofullständig förbränning. <a href="/wiki/Kolmonoxidf%C3%B6rgiftning" title="Kolmonoxidförgiftning">Kolmonoxidförgiftning</a> kan vara livshotande, men dödsfall är numera ovanliga tack vare moderna system. Kolmonoxidvarnare finns idag tillgängliga för hushåll som använder fossilgas.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tillgångar">Tillgångar</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Redigera avsnitt: Tillgångar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=17" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Tillgångar">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Countries_by_Natural_Gas_Proven_Reserves_(2014).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Countries_by_Natural_Gas_Proven_Reserves_%282014%29.svg/250px-Countries_by_Natural_Gas_Proven_Reserves_%282014%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Countries_by_Natural_Gas_Proven_Reserves_%282014%29.svg/500px-Countries_by_Natural_Gas_Proven_Reserves_%282014%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption>Länder med fossilgasreserver</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:GasDepositDiagram.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/GasDepositDiagram.jpg/250px-GasDepositDiagram.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/GasDepositDiagram.jpg/500px-GasDepositDiagram.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="718" data-file-height="473" /></a><figcaption>Olika sorters fossilgasreserver</figcaption></figure> Konventionell gas ansamlas i fickor under jordytan och är relativt lätt att utvinna med traditionell vertikal borrning. Okonventionell gas är en lös term för gas som utvinns från nya och annorlunda källor.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> Med okonventionell gas menas ofta <a href="/wiki/Skiffergas" title="Skiffergas">skiffergas</a>. Det ansamlas i <a href="/wiki/Skiffer" title="Skiffer">skiffer</a>, och har historiskt varit svårt att utvinna. I och med att teknologier för horisontell borrning och hydraulisk spräckning kombinerades i slutet av 1900-talet har skiffergas blivit tillgänglig att utvinna kommersiellt.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Det har lett till stora förändringar i den globala energimarknaden.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> Associerad fossilgas förekommer i samma fyndighet som olja. Icke associerad fossilgas hittas i fält som bara innehåller gas.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> De tio länder med de största fossilgasreserverna är <a href="/wiki/Ryssland" title="Ryssland">Ryssland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Quatar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudiarabien" title="Saudiarabien">Saudiarabien</a>, <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renade_Arabemiraten" class="mw-redirect" title="Förenade Arabemiraten">Förenade Arabemiraten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> och <a href="/wiki/Algeriet" title="Algeriet">Algeriet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:15-101">[101]</a> År 2015 var de tio största producenterna av fossilgas USA, Ryssland, Iran, Quatar, <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina">Kina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Europeiska_unionen" title="Europeiska unionen">EU</a>, Norge, Saudiarabien och <a href="/wiki/Indonesien" title="Indonesien">Indonesien</a>. De största producenterna i Europa är Norge, Nederländerna, Storbritannien och Ukraina.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Produktionen av fossilgas minskar i EU. <a href="/wiki/Groningen_(provins)" title="Groningen (provins)">Groningen</a> i Nederländerna hade en gång det tionde största fältet i världen, men det ska sluta producera fossilgas 2022.<a href="#cite_note-:4-87">[87]</a> Flera länder i EU har också förbjudit fracking. Sverige har ingen produktion av fossilgas.<a href="#cite_note-:15-101">[101]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_och_handel">Distribution och handel</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Redigera avsnitt: Distribution och handel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=18" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Distribution och handel">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Den globala distributionen av fossilgas har genomgått stora förändringar i början av 2000-talet. Fossilgasmarknaden blir mer globaliserad och flexibel, mycket tack vare stora satsningar på infrastruktur för att distribuera flytande fossilgas.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Tillgången på fossilgas växer vilket gör att priset går ner.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> Till stor del på grund av ny teknik för att utvinna skiffergas med hjälp av hydraulisk spräckning. Efterfrågan på fossilgas ökar samtidigt, då gas ses som en billig strategi att på kort sikt minska utsläpp av växthusgaser. Framförallt i Kina som hoppas minska sitt beroende av kol.<a href="#cite_note-:7-105">[105]</a> Samtidigt varnar <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renta_nationernas_klimatpanel" title="Förenta nationernas klimatpanel">IPCC</a> för att användningen av fossilgas måste minska med 15% till 2030, och 43% till 2050 för att vi ska klara 1,5 gradersmålet. I takt med att förnybara energikällor sjunker i pris blir fossilgasens framtid mer osäker.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> Eftersom tillgången på fossilgas är ojämnt distribuerad mellan regioner, är tillgång till och distribution av fossilgas en viktig fråga i internationell politik, där länder strävar efter att kontrollera rörledningar.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastruktur">Infrastruktur</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Redigera avsnitt: Infrastruktur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=19" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Infrastruktur">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Naturgasledning" title="Naturgasledning">Fossilgasledningar</a> är det mest ekonomiska sättet att transportera fossilgas.<a href="#cite_note-:3-108">[108]</a> Ungefär var tionde mil komprimeras gasen i ledningarna i på kompressorstationer. Några av världens största rörledningar för fossilgas är West–East Gas Pipeline (över 20 000 km), som består av en serie ledningar från <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> i västra <a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina">Kina</a> till <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a> i öst,<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Transcontinental Pipeline (16 900 km) från <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> till <a href="/wiki/New_York" title="New York">New York</a>,<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> och Power of Siberia (3 968 km) som binder ihop gasnäten i Ryssland med Kina.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Flytande fossilgas (LNG) är praktiskt för transport över långa avstånd. Det krävs stora och avancerade anläggningar för att omvandla gasen till vätskeform och processen drar mycket el. Transporten kräver speciella tankfartyg eller lastbilar, som kan fortsätta att kyla gasen under transporten, vilket drar energi. Exempel på LNG-transporter: Transport från <a href="/wiki/Arabiska_halv%C3%B6n" title="Arabiska halvön">Arabiska halvön</a> till <a href="/wiki/Sydkorea" title="Sydkorea">Sydkorea</a> och <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, transport från <a href="/wiki/Indonesien" title="Indonesien">Indonesien</a> till Japan, transport från <a href="/wiki/Hammerfest" title="Hammerfest">Hammerfest</a> i <a href="/wiki/Nordnorge" title="Nordnorge">Nordnorge</a> och från <a href="/wiki/Algeriet" title="Algeriet">Algeriet</a> till <a href="/wiki/Centraleuropa" title="Centraleuropa">Centraleuropa</a>. Lastbilstransport av mindre mängder komprimerad gas på gasflak, och flytande fordonsgas i <a href="/wiki/Tankbil" title="Tankbil">tankbil</a> är alternativ för leverans till platser som inte är anslutna till rörledningar.<a href="#cite_note-:3-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> Genom att konvertera fossilgas till kemikalier innan transport blir frakten billigare, enklare och energisnålare. Exempel på indirekt distribution av fossilgas är <a href="/wiki/Metanol" title="Metanol">metanol</a> och handelsgödsel från <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_och_Tobago" title="Trinidad och Tobago">Trinidad-Tobago</a>,<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> och handelsgödsel, metanol och <a href="/wiki/GTL" class="mw-redirect" title="GTL">GTL</a>-drivmedel från Mellanöstern.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distribution_i_EU">Distribution i EU</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Redigera avsnitt: Distribution i EU" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=20" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Distribution i EU">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> Inom Europa finns ett internationellt sammankopplat rörnät för fossilgas. Det började byggas i och med att fossilgasfältet i Groningen i Nederländerna upptäcktes 1959.<a href="#cite_note-:8-119">[119]</a> EU arbetar för att skapa en gemensam europeisk fossilgasmarknad. Målet är att “bygga upp en infrastruktur som gör det möjligt att köpa gas från vilken källa som helst och att sälja den inom EU, oberoende av nationella gränser.”<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> 2019 importerade EU ca 70 % av behovet av fossilgas.<a href="#cite_note-:9-121">[121]</a> Beroendet av gasimport väntas öka, då produktionen av fossilgas inom EU minskar.<a href="#cite_note-:7-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Till stor del på grund av att fossilgasfältet i Groningen kommer sluta producera gas år 2022.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> 2017 kom 40 % av EU:s import av fossilgas från Ryssland. 26 % av importen kom från Norge och 11 % från Algeriet.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Beroendet av rysk fossilgas är kontroversiellt, framför allt efter <a href="/wiki/Rysslands_invasion_av_Ukraina_2022" class="mw-redirect" title="Rysslands invasion av Ukraina 2022">Rysslands invasion av Ukraina 2022</a>, men även tidigare. I januari 2009 stängdes leveransen av fossilgas ned under ett par veckor.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Import från Ryssland sker också genom Yamal – Europe Gas Pipeline till Tyskland via <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> och <a href="/wiki/Polen" title="Polen">Polen</a>,<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> och genom ledningen <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream" title="Nord Stream">Nord Stream</a>, från Ryssland till Tyskland via <a href="/wiki/%C3%96stersj%C3%B6n" title="Östersjön">Östersjöns</a> botten.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> Gasledningen Nord Stream 2, som dubblar Nord Streams kapacitet, har kallats Europas mest kontroversiella energiprojekt, då den ökar Europas beoende av rysk energi.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> I augusti 2019 var två tredjedelar av Nord Stream 2 färdig.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> För att minska EU:s beroende av rysk fossilgas har gasledningen <a href="/wiki/Trans_Adriatic_Pipeline" title="Trans Adriatic Pipeline">Trans Adriatic Pipeline</a> byggts från <a href="/wiki/Grekland" title="Grekland">Grekland</a> till <a href="/wiki/Italien" title="Italien">Italien</a>. Ledningen är en del av EU-kommissionens projekt <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B6dra_korridoren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Södra korridoren [inte skriven än]">Södra korridoren</a>, och transporterar gas från Shah Deniz-gasfältet, vid <a href="/wiki/Kaspiska_havet" title="Kaspiska havet">Kaspiska havet</a> i <a href="/wiki/Azerbajdzjan" title="Azerbajdzjan">Azerbajdzjan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> Norge var 2009 Europas näst största producent av fossilgas, efter Ryssland. Rörledningar går under <a href="/wiki/Engelska_kanalen" title="Engelska kanalen">Engelska kanalen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_sund" title="Gibraltar sund">Gibraltar sund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irl%C3%A4ndska_sj%C3%B6n" title="Irländska sjön">Irländska sjön</a>, från Nordsjön och <a href="/wiki/Norska_havet" title="Norska havet">Norska havet</a> till <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgien" title="Belgien">Belgien</a> och Tyskland samt från Norge över Danmark till <a href="/wiki/Polen" title="Polen">Polen</a>. Från Algeriet går Trans-Mediterranean Pipeline (TransMed) via <a href="/wiki/Tunisien" title="Tunisien">Tunisien</a> och <a href="/wiki/Sicilien" title="Sicilien">Sicilien</a> till Italien.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> Via TransMed importerar EU gas från ett av världens största fossilgasfält: Hassi R'Mel i Algeriet.<a href="#cite_note-:10-138">[138]</a> För att ytterligare diversifiera tillgången till fossilgas satsar EU på att bygga ut <a href="/wiki/LNG-terminal" class="mw-redirect" title="LNG-terminal">LNG-terminaler</a>. År 2018 deklarerade EU-kommissionens ordförande <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Juncker" title="Jean-Claude Juncker">Jean-Claude Juncker</a> och <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> en gemensam avsikt att öka importen av flytande fossilgas till EU via <a href="/w/index.php?title=LNG-tankfartyg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LNG-tankfartyg [inte skriven än]">LNG-tankfartyg</a> från USA.<a href="#cite_note-:9-121">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> Flytande fossilgas importeras också från <a href="/wiki/Australien" title="Australien">Australien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>, och östra Afrika.<a href="#cite_note-:10-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distribution_i_Sverige">Distribution i Sverige</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Redigera avsnitt: Distribution i Sverige" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=21" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Distribution i Sverige">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> <dl><dd>Huvudartikel: <a href="/wiki/Naturgas_i_Sverige" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturgas i Sverige">Fossilgas i Sverige</a></dd></dl> Sverige har två gasnät, <a href="/wiki/Det_svenska_naturgasn%C3%A4tet" title="Det svenska naturgasnätet">Västsvenska stamnätet</a> och <a href="/wiki/Gasn%C3%A4tet_Stockholm" title="Gasnätet Stockholm">Gasnätet Stockholm</a>. Det västsvenska fossilgasnätet sträcker sig drygt 600 km från västra <a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%A5ne" title="Skåne">Skåne</a> upp till <a href="/wiki/Stenungsund" title="Stenungsund">Stenungsund</a> i <a href="/wiki/Bohusl%C3%A4n" title="Bohuslän">Bohuslän</a> och försörjs med fossilgas via rörledning från Danmark.<a href="#cite_note-:0-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> Gasnätet i Stockholm består ett nät för stadsgas och ett nät för fordonsgas, det försörjs med flytande fossilgas från <a href="/wiki/Nyn%C3%A4shamns_LNG-terminal" title="Nynäshamns LNG-terminal">Nynäshamns LNG-terminal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-26">[26]</a> Idag (2022) finns tre LNG-terminaler i Sverige, en i <a href="/wiki/Lysekil" title="Lysekil">Lysekil</a>, en i Nynäshamn och en i Göteborg. Ytterligare en, <a href="/wiki/Oxgas" title="Oxgas">Oxgas</a>, uppförs i Oxelösund. Den svenska fossilgaslagen från 1 juli 2005 baseras på EU-direktivet 2003/55EG om en gemensam europeisk fossilgasmarknad.<a href="#cite_note-:8-119">[119]</a> Fossilgaslagen (2005:403) innehåller bestämmelser om <a href="/wiki/Naturgasledning" title="Naturgasledning">fossilgasledningar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naturgasterminal" title="Naturgasterminal">lagringsanläggningar</a> och <a href="/wiki/Gasverk" title="Gasverk">förgasningsanläggningar</a> samt om handel med fossilgas i vissa fall och om trygg fossilgasförsörjning.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> En fossilgasledning får inte byggas eller användas utan <a href="/wiki/Koncession" title="Koncession">koncession</a> av <a href="/wiki/Sveriges_regering" title="Sveriges regering">regeringen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor">Källor</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=22" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:2-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:2_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_1-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/natural-gas">”Natural Gas | Student Energy”</a>. www.studentenergy.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/natural-gas">https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/natural-gas</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Natural+Gas+%7C+Student+Energy&rft.atitle=www.studentenergy.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.studentenergy.org%2Ftopics%2Fnatural-gas&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://svenska.se/so/?id=154859&pz">”Naturgas”</a>. SAOB, Svenska Akademins OrdBok. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://svenska.se/so/?id=154859&pz">https://svenska.se/so/?id=154859&pz</a>. Läst 29 oktober 2023.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Naturgas&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=SAOB%2C+Svenska+Akademins+OrdBok&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsvenska.se%2Fso%2F%3Fid%3D154859%26pz&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.isof.se/vart-uppdrag/samarbeten/hallbarhetstermgruppen/hallbarhetstermlistan/termer/fossilgas">”Fossilgas”</a>. ISOF, Institutet för språk och folkminnen. 2023-03-16 Publicerad 21 december 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.isof.se/vart-uppdrag/samarbeten/hallbarhetstermgruppen/hallbarhetstermlistan/termer/fossilgas">https://www.isof.se/vart-uppdrag/samarbeten/hallbarhetstermgruppen/hallbarhetstermlistan/termer/fossilgas</a>. Läst 29 oktober 2023.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Fossilgas&rft.atitle=&rft.date=2023-03-16%0A%0APublicerad+21+december+2022&rft.pub=ISOF%2C+Institutet+f%C3%B6r+spr%C3%A5k+och+folkminnen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.isof.se%2Fvart-uppdrag%2Fsamarbeten%2Fhallbarhetstermgruppen%2Fhallbarhetstermlistan%2Ftermer%2Ffossilgas&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124726/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/vad-aer-naturgas/">”Vad är naturgas?”</a>. Energigas Sverige. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/vad-aer-naturgas/">originalet</a> den 2 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124726/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/vad-aer-naturgas/">https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124726/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/vad-aer-naturgas/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Vad+%C3%A4r+naturgas%3F&rft.atitle=Energigas+Sverige&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200202124726%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.energigas.se%2Ffakta-om-gas%2Fnaturgas%2Fvad-aer-naturgas%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.isof.se/lar-dig-mer/bloggar/sprakradsbloggen/inlagg/2022-12-29-hur-blev-det-fossilgas">2022-10-29 ”Hur blev det fossilgas?”</a>. ISOF, Institutet för Språk och Folkminnen. 9 januari 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.isof.se/lar-dig-mer/bloggar/sprakradsbloggen/inlagg/2022-12-29-hur-blev-det-fossilgas">https://www.isof.se/lar-dig-mer/bloggar/sprakradsbloggen/inlagg/2022-12-29-hur-blev-det-fossilgas</a> 2022-10-29. Läst 29 oktober 2001.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Hur+blev+det+fossilgas%3F&rft.atitle=&rft.date=9+januari+2023&rft.pub=ISOF%2C+Institutet+f%C3%B6r+Spr%C3%A5k+och+Folkminnen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.isof.se%2Flar-dig-mer%2Fbloggar%2Fsprakradsbloggen%2Finlagg%2F2022-12-29-hur-blev-det-fossilgas+2022-10-29&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/">”Naturgas”</a>. Energimyndigheten. 14 mars 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/">https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/</a>. Läst 31 oktober 2023.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Naturgas&rft.atitle=&rft.date=14+mars+2022&rft.pub=Energimyndigheten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energimyndigheten.se%2Ftrygg-energiforsorjning%2Fnaturgas%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/vastsvenska-naturgasnatet/">”Västsvenska naturgasnätet”</a>. Energimyndigheten. 27 november 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/vastsvenska-naturgasnatet/">https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/vastsvenska-naturgasnatet/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=V%C3%A4stsvenska+naturgasn%C3%A4tet&rft.atitle=&rft.date=27+november+2019&rft.pub=Energimyndigheten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energimyndigheten.se%2Ftrygg-energiforsorjning%2Fnaturgas%2Fvastsvenska-naturgasnatet%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-22/big-oil-s-future-may-rest-on-climate-debate-over-natural-gas">”Big Oil Prepares to Defend Big Gas as Climate Week Begins”</a>. Bloomberg. 22 september 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-22/big-oil-s-future-may-rest-on-climate-debate-over-natural-gas">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-22/big-oil-s-future-may-rest-on-climate-debate-over-natural-gas</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Big+Oil+Prepares+to+Defend+Big+Gas+as+Climate+Week+Begins&rft.atitle=&rft.date=22+september+2019&rft.pub=Bloomberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2019-09-22%2Fbig-oil-s-future-may-rest-on-climate-debate-over-natural-gas&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:11-9"><a href="#cite_ref-:11_9-0">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFIrfan2019">Irfan, Umair (12 september 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/9/12/20857196/democratic-debate-climate-change-fracking-ban">”The best case for and against a fracking ban”</a> (på engelska). Vox. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/9/12/20857196/democratic-debate-climate-change-fracking-ban">https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/9/12/20857196/democratic-debate-climate-change-fracking-ban</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+best+case+for+and+against+a+fracking+ban&rft.atitle=Vox&rft.aulast=Irfan&rft.aufirst=Umair&rft.au=Irfan%2C+Umair&rft.date=12+september+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2Fenergy-and-environment%2F2019%2F9%2F12%2F20857196%2Fdemocratic-debate-climate-change-fracking-ban&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://group.vattenfall.com/se/var-verksamhet/vara-energislag/naturgas">”Naturgas”</a>. Vattenfall. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://group.vattenfall.com/se/var-verksamhet/vara-energislag/naturgas">https://group.vattenfall.com/se/var-verksamhet/vara-energislag/naturgas</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Naturgas&rft.atitle=Vattenfall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgroup.vattenfall.com%2Fse%2Fvar-verksamhet%2Fvara-energislag%2Fnaturgas&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/08/fracking-boom-tied-to-methane-spike-in-earths-atmosphere/">”Fracking boom tied to methane spike in Earth’s atmosphere”</a> (på engelska). Environment. 15 augusti 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/08/fracking-boom-tied-to-methane-spike-in-earths-atmosphere/">https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/08/fracking-boom-tied-to-methane-spike-in-earths-atmosphere/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Fracking+boom+tied+to+methane+spike+in+Earth%E2%80%99s+atmosphere&rft.atitle=Environment&rft.date=15+augusti+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.com%2Fenvironment%2F2019%2F08%2Ffracking-boom-tied-to-methane-spike-in-earths-atmosphere%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFTim_Cocks2022">Tim Cocks (30 september 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/how-methane-leaks-accelerate-global-warming-2022-09-27/">”Explainer: How methane leaks accelerate global warming”</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/how-methane-leaks-accelerate-global-warming-2022-09-27/">https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/how-methane-leaks-accelerate-global-warming-2022-09-27/</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Explainer%3A+How+methane+leaks+accelerate+global+warming&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.aulast=Tim+Cocks&rft.au=Tim+Cocks&rft.date=30+september+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenvironment%2Fhow-methane-leaks-accelerate-global-warming-2022-09-27%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFSociety2025">Society, National Geographic (24 juli 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/natural-gas/">”Natural Gas”</a> (på engelska). National Geographic Society. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/natural-gas/">http://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/natural-gas/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Natural+Gas&rft.atitle=National+Geographic+Society&rft.aulast=Society&rft.aufirst=National+Geographic&rft.au=Society%2C+National+Geographic&rft.date=24+juli+2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.org%2Fencyclopedia%2Fnatural-gas%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200205194630/https://www.energigas.se/library/1554/matarmanualhela.pdf">”Gasmätning - Anvisning för den svenska energibranschen”</a>. Energigas Sverige mars 2000. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.energigas.se/library/1554/matarmanualhela.pdf">originalet</a> den 5 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200205194630/https://www.energigas.se/library/1554/matarmanualhela.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20200205194630/https://www.energigas.se/library/1554/matarmanualhela.pdf</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Gasm%C3%A4tning+-+Anvisning+f%C3%B6r+den+svenska+energibranschen&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Energigas+Sverige+mars+2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200205194630%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.energigas.se%2Flibrary%2F1554%2Fmatarmanualhela.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/anvaendningsomraaden/">”Naturgasens användningsområden”</a>. Energigas Sverige. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/anvaendningsomraaden/">https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/anvaendningsomraaden/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Naturgasens+anv%C3%A4ndningsomr%C3%A5den&rft.atitle=Energigas+Sverige&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energigas.se%2Ffakta-om-gas%2Fnaturgas%2Fanvaendningsomraaden%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFKristensson">Kristensson, Johan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nyteknik.se/fordon/den-flytande-gasen-vantar-pa-sitt-stora-genombrott-6972502">”Den flytande gasen väntar på sitt stora genombrott”</a>. Ny Teknik. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nyteknik.se/fordon/den-flytande-gasen-vantar-pa-sitt-stora-genombrott-6972502">https://www.nyteknik.se/fordon/den-flytande-gasen-vantar-pa-sitt-stora-genombrott-6972502</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Den+flytande+gasen+v%C3%A4ntar+p%C3%A5+sitt+stora+genombrott&rft.atitle=Ny+Teknik&rft.aulast=Kristensson&rft.aufirst=Johan&rft.au=Kristensson%2C+Johan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyteknik.se%2Ffordon%2Fden-flytande-gasen-vantar-pa-sitt-stora-genombrott-6972502&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124728/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/saa-haer-anvaends-gas-i-sverige/vaegtransporter/">”Gas i Sverige - Vägtransporter”</a>. Energigas Sverige. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/saa-haer-anvaends-gas-i-sverige/vaegtransporter/">originalet</a> den 2 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124728/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/saa-haer-anvaends-gas-i-sverige/vaegtransporter/">https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124728/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/saa-haer-anvaends-gas-i-sverige/vaegtransporter/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Gas+i+Sverige+-+V%C3%A4gtransporter&rft.atitle=Energigas+Sverige&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200202124728%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.energigas.se%2Ffakta-om-gas%2Fsaa-haer-anvaends-gas-i-sverige%2Fvaegtransporter%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.climatechangenews.com/2018/04/13/shipping-halve-carbon-footprint-2050-first-sector-wide-climate-strategy/">”Shipping to halve carbon footprint by 2050 under first sector-wide climate strategy”</a> (på engelska). Climate Home News. 13 april 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.climatechangenews.com/2018/04/13/shipping-halve-carbon-footprint-2050-first-sector-wide-climate-strategy/">https://www.climatechangenews.com/2018/04/13/shipping-halve-carbon-footprint-2050-first-sector-wide-climate-strategy/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Shipping+to+halve+carbon+footprint+by+2050+under+first+sector-wide+climate+strategy&rft.atitle=Climate+Home+News&rft.date=13+april+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.climatechangenews.com%2F2018%2F04%2F13%2Fshipping-halve-carbon-footprint-2050-first-sector-wide-climate-strategy%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124730/https://www.energigas.se/library/1557/gronaresjofartwebb3.pdf">”Grönare sjöfart med LNG i tanken”</a>. Energigas Sverige. 25 november 2015. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energigas.se/library/1557/gronaresjofartwebb3.pdf">originalet</a> den 2 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124730/https://www.energigas.se/library/1557/gronaresjofartwebb3.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124730/https://www.energigas.se/library/1557/gronaresjofartwebb3.pdf</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Gr%C3%B6nare+sj%C3%B6fart+med+LNG+i+tanken&rft.atitle=&rft.date=25+november+2015&rft.pub=Energigas+Sverige&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200202124730%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.energigas.se%2Flibrary%2F1557%2Fgronaresjofartwebb3.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://clearseas.org/en/lng/">”Liquefied Natural Gas & Marine Shipping”</a> (på engelska). Clear Seas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://clearseas.org/en/lng/">https://clearseas.org/en/lng/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Liquefied+Natural+Gas+%26+Marine+Shipping&rft.atitle=Clear+Seas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fclearseas.org%2Fen%2Flng%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124726/https://www.woi.economist.com/shipping-faces-uncertain-route-to-zero-carbon-future/">”Shipping faces uncertain route to zero-carbon future”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). World Ocean Initiative. 18 september 2019. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.woi.economist.com/shipping-faces-uncertain-route-to-zero-carbon-future/">originalet</a> den 2 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124726/https://www.woi.economist.com/shipping-faces-uncertain-route-to-zero-carbon-future/">https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124726/https://www.woi.economist.com/shipping-faces-uncertain-route-to-zero-carbon-future/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Shipping+faces+uncertain+route+to+zero-carbon+future&rft.atitle=World+Ocean+Initiative&rft.date=18+september+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200202124726%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.woi.economist.com%2Fshipping-faces-uncertain-route-to-zero-carbon-future%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFAugustin2014">Augustin, Kelsie (6 november 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wellsaidcabot.com/cng-vehicles-airplanes/">”Take a look at some natural gas-powered airplanes”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). Well Said. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://wellsaidcabot.com/cng-vehicles-airplanes/">https://wellsaidcabot.com/cng-vehicles-airplanes/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Take+a+look+at+some+natural+gas-powered+airplanes&rft.atitle=Well+Said&rft.aulast=Augustin&rft.aufirst=Kelsie&rft.au=Augustin%2C+Kelsie&rft.date=6+november+2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwellsaidcabot.com%2Fcng-vehicles-airplanes%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFPaur2013">Paur, Jason (31 juli 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2013/07/cng-airplane/">”American Firm Debuts First Airplane to Run on Natural Gas”</a>. Wired. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028">1059-1028</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.wired.com/2013/07/cng-airplane/">https://www.wired.com/2013/07/cng-airplane/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=American+Firm+Debuts+First+Airplane+to+Run+on+Natural+Gas&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.aulast=Paur&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.au=Paur%2C+Jason&rft.date=31+juli+2013&rft.issn=1059-1028&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2F2013%2F07%2Fcng-airplane%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124728/https://australiascience.tv/why-the-next-generation-of-rockets-will-be-powered-by-methane/">”Why the next generation of rockets will be powered by methane”</a> (på engelska). Australia's Science Channel. 5 juni 2019. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://australiascience.tv/why-the-next-generation-of-rockets-will-be-powered-by-methane/">originalet</a> den 2 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124728/https://australiascience.tv/why-the-next-generation-of-rockets-will-be-powered-by-methane/">https://web.archive.org/web/20200202124728/https://australiascience.tv/why-the-next-generation-of-rockets-will-be-powered-by-methane/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Why+the+next+generation+of+rockets+will+be+powered+by+methane&rft.atitle=Australia%27s+Science+Channel&rft.date=5+juni+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200202124728%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Faustraliascience.tv%2Fwhy-the-next-generation-of-rockets-will-be-powered-by-methane%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-25">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:0_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_25-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/vastsvenska-naturgasnatet/">”Västsvenska naturgasnätet”</a>. Energimyndigheten. 27 november 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/vastsvenska-naturgasnatet/">https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/vastsvenska-naturgasnatet/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=V%C3%A4stsvenska+naturgasn%C3%A4tet&rft.atitle=&rft.date=27+november+2019&rft.pub=Energimyndigheten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energimyndigheten.se%2Ftrygg-energiforsorjning%2Fnaturgas%2Fvastsvenska-naturgasnatet%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-26">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:1_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_26-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/naturgasnatet-i-stockholmsomradet/">”Naturgasnätet i Stockholmsområdet”</a>. Energimyndigheten. 8 maj 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/naturgasnatet-i-stockholmsomradet/">https://www.energimyndigheten.se/trygg-energiforsorjning/naturgas/naturgasnatet-i-stockholmsomradet/</a>. 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Energimarknadsbyrån. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.energimarknadsbyran.se/gas/gasmarknaden-i-sverige/fakta-om-naturgas-och-biogas/vad-ar-naturgas/">https://www.energimarknadsbyran.se/gas/gasmarknaden-i-sverige/fakta-om-naturgas-och-biogas/vad-ar-naturgas/</a>. 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Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.power-technology.com/comment/standing-at-the-precipice-of-the-hydrogen-economy/">originalet</a> den 5 november 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191105054643/https://www.power-technology.com/comment/standing-at-the-precipice-of-the-hydrogen-economy/">https://web.archive.org/web/20191105054643/https://www.power-technology.com/comment/standing-at-the-precipice-of-the-hydrogen-economy/</a>. 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Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/topics/technology/hydrogen/hydrogen_fuel_of_choice.html">originalet</a> den 22 november 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191122191659/https://www.nasa.gov/topics/technology/hydrogen/hydrogen_fuel_of_choice.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20191122191659/https://www.nasa.gov/topics/technology/hydrogen/hydrogen_fuel_of_choice.html</a>. 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Forskning & Framsteg. 1 februari 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://fof.se/tidning/2011/2/artikel/bokanmalan-kemister-skriver-varldshistoria">https://fof.se/tidning/2011/2/artikel/bokanmalan-kemister-skriver-varldshistoria</a>. 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New Scientist. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/2112298-food-made-from-natural-gas-will-soon-feed-farm-animals-and-us/">https://www.newscientist.com/article/2112298-food-made-from-natural-gas-will-soon-feed-farm-animals-and-us/</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Food+made+from+natural+gas+will+soon+feed+farm+animals+%E2%80%93+and+us&rft.atitle=New+Scientist&rft.aulast=Page&rft.aufirst=Michael+Le&rft.au=Page%2C+Michael+Le&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2F2112298-food-made-from-natural-gas-will-soon-feed-farm-animals-and-us%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ri.se/sv/berattelser/fiskfoder-av-tra-kan-losa-overfisket">”Fiskfoder av trä kan lösa överfisket”</a>. RISE. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ri.se/sv/berattelser/fiskfoder-av-tra-kan-losa-overfisket">https://www.ri.se/sv/berattelser/fiskfoder-av-tra-kan-losa-overfisket</a>. Läst 2 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Fiskfoder+av+tr%C3%A4+kan+l%C3%B6sa+%C3%B6verfisket&rft.atitle=RISE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ri.se%2Fsv%2Fberattelser%2Ffiskfoder-av-tra-kan-losa-overfisket&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201229164329/https://greengasinitiative.eu/upload/contenu/greengas_initiative_report_web_2016_1.pdf">”Gas and Gas Infrastructure – the green commitment”</a>. Green Gas Initiative. 2016. sid. 7 och 14. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.greengasinitiative.eu/upload/contenu/greengas_initiative_report_web_2016_1.pdf">originalet</a> den 29 december 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201229164329/https://greengasinitiative.eu/upload/contenu/greengas_initiative_report_web_2016_1.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20201229164329/https://greengasinitiative.eu/upload/contenu/greengas_initiative_report_web_2016_1.pdf</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Gas+and+Gas+Infrastructure+%E2%80%93+the+green+commitment&rft.atitle=&rft.date=2016&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B7+och+14&rft.pub=Green+Gas+Initiative&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20201229164329%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fgreengasinitiative.eu%2Fupload%2Fcontenu%2Fgreengas_initiative_report_web_2016_1.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-36">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:12_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_36-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFRoberts">Roberts, David (30 maj 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/5/30/18643819/climate-change-natural-gas-middle-ground">”More natural gas isn’t a "middle ground" — it’s a climate disaster”</a> (på engelska). Vox. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/5/30/18643819/climate-change-natural-gas-middle-ground">https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/5/30/18643819/climate-change-natural-gas-middle-ground</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=More+natural+gas+isn%E2%80%99t+a+%22middle+ground%22+%E2%80%94+it%E2%80%99s+a+climate+disaster&rft.atitle=Vox&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Roberts%2C+David&rft.date=30+maj+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2Fenergy-and-environment%2F2019%2F5%2F30%2F18643819%2Fclimate-change-natural-gas-middle-ground&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://am.jpmorgan.com/content/dam/jpm-am-aem/emea/regional/en/insights/market-insights/mi-guide-to-alternatives-ce-en.pdf">”Guide to alternatives: Cost of wind, solar, natural gas and coal per megawatt hour electricity over the lifetime 2009 to 2021”</a>. JP Morgan asset management. 30 november 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://am.jpmorgan.com/content/dam/jpm-am-aem/emea/regional/en/insights/market-insights/mi-guide-to-alternatives-ce-en.pdf">https://am.jpmorgan.com/content/dam/jpm-am-aem/emea/regional/en/insights/market-insights/mi-guide-to-alternatives-ce-en.pdf</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Guide+to+alternatives%3A+Cost+of+wind%2C+solar%2C+natural+gas+and+coal+per+megawatt+hour+electricity+over+the+lifetime+2009+to+2021&rft.atitle=&rft.date=30+november+2021&rft.pub=JP+Morgan+asset+management&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fam.jpmorgan.com%2Fcontent%2Fdam%2Fjpm-am-aem%2Femea%2Fregional%2Fen%2Finsights%2Fmarket-insights%2Fmi-guide-to-alternatives-ce-en.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/May/Renewable-power-generation-costs-in-2018">”Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2018”</a> (på engelska). /publications/2019/May/Renewable-power-generation-costs-in-2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/May/Renewable-power-generation-costs-in-2018">https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/May/Renewable-power-generation-costs-in-2018</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Renewable+Power+Generation+Costs+in+2018&rft.atitle=%2Fpublications%2F2019%2FMay%2FRenewable-power-generation-costs-in-2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irena.org%2Fpublications%2F2019%2FMay%2FRenewable-power-generation-costs-in-2018&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFDudley">Dudley, Dominic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/dominicdudley/2019/05/29/renewable-energy-costs-tumble/">”Renewable Energy Costs Take Another Tumble, Making Fossil Fuels Look More Expensive Than Ever”</a> (på engelska). Forbes. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/dominicdudley/2019/05/29/renewable-energy-costs-tumble/">https://www.forbes.com/sites/dominicdudley/2019/05/29/renewable-energy-costs-tumble/</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Renewable+Energy+Costs+Take+Another+Tumble%2C+Making+Fossil+Fuels+Look+More+Expensive+Than+Ever&rft.atitle=Forbes&rft.aulast=Dudley&rft.aufirst=Dominic&rft.au=Dudley%2C+Dominic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fdominicdudley%2F2019%2F05%2F29%2Frenewable-energy-costs-tumble%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Wind-And-Solar-Gaining-Edge-Over-Natural-Gas.html">”Wind And Solar Gaining Edge Over Natural Gas”</a> (på engelska). OilPrice.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Wind-And-Solar-Gaining-Edge-Over-Natural-Gas.html">https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Wind-And-Solar-Gaining-Edge-Over-Natural-Gas.html</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Wind+And+Solar+Gaining+Edge+Over+Natural+Gas&rft.atitle=OilPrice.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foilprice.com%2FEnergy%2FEnergy-General%2FWind-And-Solar-Gaining-Edge-Over-Natural-Gas.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=73&t=11">”How much carbon dioxide is produced when different fuels are burned?”</a>. www.eia.gov. U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=73&t=11">https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=73&t=11</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=How+much+carbon+dioxide+is+produced+when+different+fuels+are+burned%3F&rft.atitle=www.eia.gov&rft.pub=U.S.+Energy+Information+Administration+%28EIA%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.gov%2Ftools%2Ffaqs%2Ffaq.php%3Fid%3D73%26t%3D11&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028142524/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/naturgas-och-miljoen/">”Naturgas och miljön”</a>. Energigas Sverige. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/naturgas-och-miljoen/">originalet</a> den 28 oktober 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028142524/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/naturgas-och-miljoen/">https://web.archive.org/web/20201028142524/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/naturgas-och-miljoen/</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Naturgas+och+milj%C3%B6n&rft.atitle=Energigas+Sverige&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20201028142524%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.energigas.se%2Ffakta-om-gas%2Fnaturgas%2Fnaturgas-och-miljoen%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalchange.mit.edu/publication/17237">”Did the shale gas boom reduce US CO2 emissions?”</a>. globalchange.mit.edu. MIT Global Change. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://globalchange.mit.edu/publication/17237">https://globalchange.mit.edu/publication/17237</a>. 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Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Application+Corner%3A+Chemical+composition+of+natural+gas&rft.atitle=Flowcontrol+Network&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flowcontrolnetwork.com%2Finstrumentation%2Fflow-measurement%2Farticle%2F15564222%2Fapplication-corner-chemical-composition-of-natural-gas&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniongas.com/about-us/about-natural-gas/chemical-composition-of-natural-gas">”Chemical Composition of Natural Gas”</a> (på engelska). Union Gas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.uniongas.com/about-us/about-natural-gas/chemical-composition-of-natural-gas">https://www.uniongas.com/about-us/about-natural-gas/chemical-composition-of-natural-gas</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Chemical+Composition+of+Natural+Gas&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Union+Gas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uniongas.com%2Fabout-us%2Fabout-natural-gas%2Fchemical-composition-of-natural-gas&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/02/super-potent-methane-in-atmosphere-oil-gas-drilling-ice-cores/">”Natural gas is a much ‘dirtier’ energy source than we thought”</a> (på engelska). Science. 19 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/02/super-potent-methane-in-atmosphere-oil-gas-drilling-ice-cores/">https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/02/super-potent-methane-in-atmosphere-oil-gas-drilling-ice-cores/</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Natural+gas+is+a+much+%E2%80%98dirtier%E2%80%99+energy+source+than+we+thought&rft.atitle=Science&rft.date=19+februari+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.com%2Fscience%2F2020%2F02%2Fsuper-potent-methane-in-atmosphere-oil-gas-drilling-ice-cores%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFSchwartzPlumer2018">Schwartz, John; Plumer, Brad (21 juni 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/21/climate/methane-leaks.html">”The Natural Gas Industry Has a Leak Problem”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). 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Journal of Cleaner Production 148: sid. 118–126. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jclepro.2017.01.101">10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.01.101</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0959-6526">0959-6526</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652617301166">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652617301166</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Synthesis+of+recent+ground-level+methane+emission+measurements+from+the+U.S.+natural+gas+supply+chain&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cleaner+Production&rft.aulast=Littlefield&rft.aufirst=James+A.&rft.au=Littlefield%2C+James+A.&rft.au=Marriott%2C+Joe&rft.au=Schivley%2C+Greg+A.&rft.au=Skone%2C+Timothy+J.&rft.date=2017-04-01&rft.volume=148&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B118%E2%80%93126&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jclepro.2017.01.101&rft.issn=0959-6526&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0959652617301166&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edf.org/climate/methane-studies">”Major studies reveal 60% more methane emissions”</a> (på engelska). Environmental Defense Fund. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.edf.org/climate/methane-studies">https://www.edf.org/climate/methane-studies</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Major+studies+reveal+60%25+more+methane+emissions&rft.atitle=Environmental+Defense+Fund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.edf.org%2Fclimate%2Fmethane-studies&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/EDF-Methane-Science-Brochure.pdf">”Measuring Methane: A Groundbreaking Effort to Quantify Methane Emissions from the Oil and Gas Industry”</a>. Environmental Defense Fund (EDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/EDF-Methane-Science-Brochure.pdf">https://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/EDF-Methane-Science-Brochure.pdf</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020. ”A 2.3% methane leak rate is enough to erode much of the climate advantage gas has over coal.”</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Measuring+Methane%3A+A+Groundbreaking+Effort+to+Quantify+Methane+Emissions+from+the+Oil+and+Gas+Industry&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Environmental+Defense+Fund+%28EDF%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.edf.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FEDF-Methane-Science-Brochure.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFCornwall2025">Cornwall, Warren (21 juni 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/06/natural-gas-could-warm-planet-much-coal-short-term">”Natural gas could warm the planet as much as coal in the short term”</a> (på engelska). Science | AAAS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/06/natural-gas-could-warm-planet-much-coal-short-term">https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/06/natural-gas-could-warm-planet-much-coal-short-term</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Natural+gas+could+warm+the+planet+as+much+as+coal+in+the+short+term&rft.atitle=Science+%7C+AAAS&rft.aulast=Cornwall&rft.aufirst=Warren&rft.au=Cornwall%2C+Warren&rft.date=21+juni+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencemag.org%2Fnews%2F2018%2F06%2Fnatural-gas-could-warm-planet-much-coal-short-term&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2019/08/study-fracking-prompts-global-spike-atmospheric-methane">”Study: Fracking prompts global spike in atmospheric methane”</a> (på engelska). 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Daily Kos. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.dailykos.com/story/2019/12/17/1906253/-The-Space-Patrol-finds-massive-methane-release-visible-from-space-and-it-s-not-from-cow-farts">https://www.dailykos.com/story/2019/12/17/1906253/-The-Space-Patrol-finds-massive-methane-release-visible-from-space-and-it-s-not-from-cow-farts</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+Space+Patrol+finds+massive+methane+release+visible+from+space+-+and+it%27s+not+from+cow+farts&rft.atitle=Daily+Kos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailykos.com%2Fstory%2F2019%2F12%2F17%2F1906253%2F-The-Space-Patrol-finds-massive-methane-release-visible-from-space-and-it-s-not-from-cow-farts&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFZhangGautamPandeyOmara2020-04-01">Zhang, Yuzhong; Gautam, Ritesh; Pandey, Sudhanshu; Omara, Mark; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Sadavarte, Pankaj (2020-04-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/17/eaaz5120">”Quantifying methane emissions from the largest oil-producing basin in the United States from space”</a> (på engelska). Science Advances 6 (17): sid. eaaz5120. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fsciadv.aaz5120">10.1126/sciadv.aaz5120</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2375-2548">2375-2548</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/17/eaaz5120">https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/17/eaaz5120</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Quantifying+methane+emissions+from+the+largest+oil-producing+basin+in+the+United+States+from+space&rft.jtitle=Science+Advances&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yuzhong&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yuzhong&rft.au=Gautam%2C+Ritesh&rft.au=Pandey%2C+Sudhanshu&rft.au=Omara%2C+Mark&rft.au=Maasakkers%2C+Joannes+D.&rft.au=Sadavarte%2C+Pankaj&rft.date=2020-04-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=17&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3Beaaz5120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fsciadv.aaz5120&rft.issn=2375-2548&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadvances.sciencemag.org%2Fcontent%2F6%2F17%2Feaaz5120&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2018/07/17/new-satellite-data-reveals-progress-global-gas-flaring-declined-in-2017">”New Satellite Data Reveals Progress: Global Gas Flaring Declined in 2017”</a> (på engelska). World Bank. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2018/07/17/new-satellite-data-reveals-progress-global-gas-flaring-declined-in-2017">https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2018/07/17/new-satellite-data-reveals-progress-global-gas-flaring-declined-in-2017</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=New+Satellite+Data+Reveals+Progress%3A+Global+Gas+Flaring+Declined+in+2017&rft.atitle=World+Bank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldbank.org%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fpress-release%2F2018%2F07%2F17%2Fnew-satellite-data-reveals-progress-global-gas-flaring-declined-in-2017&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200602114006/https://www.iea.org/reports/tracking-fuel-supply-2019/flaring-emissions">”Flaring emissions – Tracking Fuel Supply – Analysis”</a> (på brittisk engelska). IEA. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iea.org/reports/tracking-fuel-supply-2019/flaring-emissions">originalet</a> den 2 juni 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200602114006/https://www.iea.org/reports/tracking-fuel-supply-2019/flaring-emissions">https://web.archive.org/web/20200602114006/https://www.iea.org/reports/tracking-fuel-supply-2019/flaring-emissions</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Flaring+emissions+%E2%80%93+Tracking+Fuel+Supply+%E2%80%93+Analysis&rft.atitle=IEA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200602114006%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.iea.org%2Freports%2Ftracking-fuel-supply-2019%2Fflaring-emissions&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iea.org/reports/methane-tracker-2020/methane-abatement-options">”Methane abatement options – Methane Tracker 2020 – Analysis”</a> (på brittisk engelska). IEA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.iea.org/reports/methane-tracker-2020/methane-abatement-options">https://www.iea.org/reports/methane-tracker-2020/methane-abatement-options</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Methane+abatement+options+%E2%80%93+Methane+Tracker+2020+%E2%80%93+Analysis&rft.atitle=IEA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iea.org%2Freports%2Fmethane-tracker-2020%2Fmethane-abatement-options&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFChen">Chen, James. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fracking.asp">”What Is Fracking?”</a> (på engelska). Investopedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fracking.asp">https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fracking.asp</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=What+Is+Fracking%3F&rft.atitle=Investopedia&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Chen%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.investopedia.com%2Fterms%2Ff%2Ffracking.asp&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:13-63">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:13_63-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:13_63-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFDenchak2019">Denchak, Melissa (19 april 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrdc.org/stories/fracking-101">”Fracking 101”</a> (på engelska). NRDC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nrdc.org/stories/fracking-101">https://www.nrdc.org/stories/fracking-101</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Fracking+101&rft.atitle=NRDC&rft.aulast=Denchak&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.au=Denchak%2C+Melissa&rft.date=19+april+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrdc.org%2Fstories%2Ffracking-101&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sverigesnatur.org/aktuellt/forodelse-i-naturgasens-spar/">”Förödelse i naturgasens spår”</a>. Sveriges Natur. 18 september 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.sverigesnatur.org/aktuellt/forodelse-i-naturgasens-spar/">http://www.sverigesnatur.org/aktuellt/forodelse-i-naturgasens-spar/</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=F%C3%B6r%C3%B6delse+i+naturgasens+sp%C3%A5r&rft.atitle=Sveriges+Natur&rft.date=18+september+2018&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sverigesnatur.org%2Faktuellt%2Fforodelse-i-naturgasens-spar%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fof.se/tidning/2013/7/artikel/fracking-den-nya-gasen-en-odesfraga">”Fracking: Den nya gasen – en ödesfråga”</a>. Forskning & Framsteg. 1 augusti 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://fof.se/tidning/2013/7/artikel/fracking-den-nya-gasen-en-odesfraga">https://fof.se/tidning/2013/7/artikel/fracking-den-nya-gasen-en-odesfraga</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Fracking%3A+Den+nya+gasen+%E2%80%93+en+%C3%B6desfr%C3%A5ga&rft.atitle=Forskning+%26+Framsteg&rft.date=1+augusti+2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffof.se%2Ftidning%2F2013%2F7%2Fartikel%2Ffracking-den-nya-gasen-en-odesfraga&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.nationalgeographic.org/2014/09/12/with-38-of-global-shale-gas-located-in-regions-of-water-stress-more-oversight-of-fracking-is-urgently-needed/">”With 38% of Global Shale Gas Located in Regions of Water Stress, More Oversight of Fracking is Urgently Needed”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). National Geographic Society Newsroom. 12 september 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://blog.nationalgeographic.org/2014/09/12/with-38-of-global-shale-gas-located-in-regions-of-water-stress-more-oversight-of-fracking-is-urgently-needed/">https://blog.nationalgeographic.org/2014/09/12/with-38-of-global-shale-gas-located-in-regions-of-water-stress-more-oversight-of-fracking-is-urgently-needed/</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=With+38%25+of+Global+Shale+Gas+Located+in+Regions+of+Water+Stress%2C+More+Oversight+of+Fracking+is+Urgently+Needed&rft.atitle=National+Geographic+Society+Newsroom&rft.date=12+september+2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.nationalgeographic.org%2F2014%2F09%2F12%2Fwith-38-of-global-shale-gas-located-in-regions-of-water-stress-more-oversight-of-fracking-is-urgently-needed%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2015/03/150325-water-use-for-fracking-over-time/">”Water Use for Fracking Has Skyrocketed, USGS Data Show”</a> (på engelska). National Geographic News. 25 mars 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2015/03/150325-water-use-for-fracking-over-time/">https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2015/03/150325-water-use-for-fracking-over-time/</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Water+Use+for+Fracking+Has+Skyrocketed%2C+USGS+Data+Show&rft.atitle=National+Geographic+News&rft.date=25+mars+2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.com%2Fnews%2Fenergy%2F2015%2F03%2F150325-water-use-for-fracking-over-time%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=406&artikel=5573839">”Metangas i brunnar i samband med gasutvinning - Vetenskapsradion Nyheter”</a>. sverigesradio.se. (Sveriges Radio). <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=406&artikel=5573839">https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=406&artikel=5573839</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Metangas+i+brunnar+i+samband+med+gasutvinning+-+Vetenskapsradion+Nyheter&rft.atitle=sverigesradio.se&rft.pub=%28Sveriges+Radio%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsverigesradio.se%2Fsida%2Fartikel.aspx%3Fprogramid%3D406%26artikel%3D5573839&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:14-69">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:14_69-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_69-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFUS_EPA_National_Center_for_Environmental_Assessment">US EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Immediate Office. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/hfstudy/recordisplay.cfm?deid=332990">”Hydraulic Fracturing For Oil And Gas: Impacts From The Hydraulic Fracturing Water Cycle On Drinking Water Resources In The United States (Final Report)”</a> (på engelska). cfpub.epa.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/hfstudy/recordisplay.cfm?deid=332990">https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/hfstudy/recordisplay.cfm?deid=332990</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Hydraulic+Fracturing+For+Oil+And+Gas%3A+Impacts+From+The+Hydraulic+Fracturing+Water+Cycle+On+Drinking+Water+Resources+In+The+United+States+%28Final+Report%29&rft.atitle=cfpub.epa.gov&rft.aulast=US+EPA+National+Center+for+Environmental+Assessment&rft.aufirst=Immediate+Office&rft.au=US+EPA+National+Center+for+Environmental+Assessment%2C+Immediate+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcfpub.epa.gov%2Fncea%2Fhfstudy%2Frecordisplay.cfm%3Fdeid%3D332990&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFCarus2013">Carus, Felicity (2 oktober 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/oct/02/dangerous-radioactivity-fracking-waste-pennsylvania">”Dangerous levels of radioactivity found at fracking waste site in Pennsylvania”</a> (på brittisk engelska). The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/oct/02/dangerous-radioactivity-fracking-waste-pennsylvania">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/oct/02/dangerous-radioactivity-fracking-waste-pennsylvania</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dangerous+levels+of+radioactivity+found+at+fracking+waste+site+in+Pennsylvania&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.aulast=Carus&rft.aufirst=Felicity&rft.au=Carus%2C+Felicity&rft.date=2+oktober+2013&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fenvironment%2F2013%2Foct%2F02%2Fdangerous-radioactivity-fracking-waste-pennsylvania&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://grist.org/energy/big-oil-wants-to-dump-more-wastewater-into-rivers-what-could-go-wrong/">”Big Oil wants to dump more wastewater into rivers. What could go wrong?”</a>. Grist.org. 20 januari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://grist.org/energy/big-oil-wants-to-dump-more-wastewater-into-rivers-what-could-go-wrong/">https://grist.org/energy/big-oil-wants-to-dump-more-wastewater-into-rivers-what-could-go-wrong/</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Big+Oil+wants+to+dump+more+wastewater+into+rivers.+What+could+go+wrong%3F&rft.atitle=Grist.org&rft.date=20+januari+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgrist.org%2Fenergy%2Fbig-oil-wants-to-dump-more-wastewater-into-rivers-what-could-go-wrong%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/oct/11/france-fracking-ban-shale-gas">”France cements fracking ban”</a> (på brittisk engelska). The Guardian (Bloomberg). 11 oktober 2013. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/oct/11/france-fracking-ban-shale-gas">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/oct/11/france-fracking-ban-shale-gas</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=France+cements+fracking+ban&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.date=11+oktober+2013&rft.pub=Bloomberg&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fenvironment%2F2013%2Foct%2F11%2Ffrance-fracking-ban-shale-gas&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFJolly2013">Jolly, David (11 oktober 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/12/business/international/france-upholds-fracking-ban.html">”France Upholds Ban on Hydraulic Fracturing”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/12/business/international/france-upholds-fracking-ban.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/12/business/international/france-upholds-fracking-ban.html</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=France+Upholds+Ban+on+Hydraulic+Fracturing&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.aulast=Jolly&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Jolly%2C+David&rft.date=11+oktober+2013&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F10%2F12%2Fbusiness%2Finternational%2Ffrance-upholds-fracking-ban.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFWade">Wade, Jennifer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bulgaria-votes-overwhelmingly-to-ban-fracking-2012-1">”Bulgaria Votes Overwhelmingly To Ban Fracking”</a>. Business Insider. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bulgaria-votes-overwhelmingly-to-ban-fracking-2012-1">https://www.businessinsider.com/bulgaria-votes-overwhelmingly-to-ban-fracking-2012-1</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Votes+Overwhelmingly+To+Ban+Fracking&rft.atitle=Business+Insider&rft.aulast=Wade&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.au=Wade%2C+Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fbulgaria-votes-overwhelmingly-to-ban-fracking-2012-1&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://greennews.ie/president-signs-fracking-ban-bill-into-law/">”President Michael D Higgins signs Bill to ban fracking into law”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). Green News Ireland. 6 juli 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://greennews.ie/president-signs-fracking-ban-bill-into-law/">https://greennews.ie/president-signs-fracking-ban-bill-into-law/</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=President+Michael+D+Higgins+signs+Bill+to+ban+fracking+into+law&rft.atitle=Green+News+Ireland&rft.date=6+juli+2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgreennews.ie%2Fpresident-signs-fracking-ban-bill-into-law%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFBrooks2015">Brooks, Libby (28 januari 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jan/28/scotland-announces-moratorium-on-fracking-for-shale-gas">”Scotland announces moratorium on fracking for shale gas”</a> (på brittisk engelska). The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jan/28/scotland-announces-moratorium-on-fracking-for-shale-gas">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jan/28/scotland-announces-moratorium-on-fracking-for-shale-gas</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Scotland+announces+moratorium+on+fracking+for+shale+gas&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Libby&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Libby&rft.date=28+januari+2015&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fenvironment%2F2015%2Fjan%2F28%2Fscotland-announces-moratorium-on-fracking-for-shale-gas&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFSeverin_Carrell2019">Severin Carrell (3 oktober 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/oct/03/scottish-government-extends-ban-on-fracking">”Scottish government extends ban on fracking”</a> (på brittisk engelska). The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/oct/03/scottish-government-extends-ban-on-fracking">https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/oct/03/scottish-government-extends-ban-on-fracking</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Scottish+government+extends+ban+on+fracking&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.aulast=Severin+Carrell&rft.au=Severin+Carrell&rft.date=3+oktober+2019&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2019%2Foct%2F03%2Fscottish-government-extends-ban-on-fracking&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foe.scot/the-end-of-the-road-for-fracking-in-scotland/">”The end of the road for fracking in Scotland”</a>. Friends of the Earth Scotland. 4 oktober 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://foe.scot/the-end-of-the-road-for-fracking-in-scotland/">https://foe.scot/the-end-of-the-road-for-fracking-in-scotland/</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+end+of+the+road+for+fracking+in+Scotland&rft.atitle=Friends+of+the+Earth+Scotland&rft.date=4+oktober+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffoe.scot%2Fthe-end-of-the-road-for-fracking-in-scotland%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-ends-support-for-fracking">”Government ends support for fracking”</a> (på engelska). GOV.UK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-ends-support-for-fracking">https://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-ends-support-for-fracking</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Government+ends+support+for+fracking&rft.atitle=GOV.UK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Fgovernment-ends-support-for-fracking&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/business-50267454">”Fracking halted after government pulls support”</a> (på brittisk engelska). BBC News. 2 november 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/business-50267454">https://www.bbc.com/news/business-50267454</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fracking+halted+after+government+pulls+support&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.date=2+november+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness-50267454&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-largely-bans-fracking-with-new-laws/a-37510063">”Germany largely bans fracking with new laws | DW | 11.02.2017”</a> (på brittisk engelska). DW.COM. (Deutsche Welle). <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-largely-bans-fracking-with-new-laws/a-37510063">https://www.dw.com/en/germany-largely-bans-fracking-with-new-laws/a-37510063</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Germany+largely+bans+fracking+with+new+laws+%7C+DW+%7C+11.02.2017&rft.atitle=DW.COM&rft.pub=%28Deutsche+Welle%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermany-largely-bans-fracking-with-new-laws%2Fa-37510063&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/issues/sustainability/no-fracking-in-germany-391340">”No fracking in Germany”</a> (på engelska). Sustainability. Bundesregierung. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/issues/sustainability/no-fracking-in-germany-391340">https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/issues/sustainability/no-fracking-in-germany-391340</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=No+fracking+in+Germany&rft.atitle=Sustainability&rft.pub=Bundesregierung&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundesregierung.de%2Fbreg-en%2Fissues%2Fsustainability%2Fno-fracking-in-germany-391340&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dutchnews.nl/news/2018/02/dutch-minister-confirms-ban-on-drilling-shale-gas-not-an-option/">”Dutch minister confirms ban on drilling, shale gas 'not an option'”</a> (på brittisk engelska). DutchNews.nl. 16 februari 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.dutchnews.nl/news/2018/02/dutch-minister-confirms-ban-on-drilling-shale-gas-not-an-option/">https://www.dutchnews.nl/news/2018/02/dutch-minister-confirms-ban-on-drilling-shale-gas-not-an-option/</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Dutch+minister+confirms+ban+on+drilling%2C+shale+gas+%27not+an+option%27&rft.atitle=DutchNews.nl&rft.date=16+februari+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dutchnews.nl%2Fnews%2F2018%2F02%2Fdutch-minister-confirms-ban-on-drilling-shale-gas-not-an-option%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ishn.com/articles/109717-many-oil-gas-workers-risk-hydrogen-sulfide-overexposure">”Many oil & gas workers risk hydrogen sulfide overexposure”</a> (på engelska). www.ishn.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ishn.com/articles/109717-many-oil-gas-workers-risk-hydrogen-sulfide-overexposure">https://www.ishn.com/articles/109717-many-oil-gas-workers-risk-hydrogen-sulfide-overexposure</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Many+oil+%26+gas+workers+risk+hydrogen+sulfide+overexposure&rft.atitle=www.ishn.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ishn.com%2Farticles%2F109717-many-oil-gas-workers-risk-hydrogen-sulfide-overexposure&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226095312/https://www.draeger.com/Library/Content/h2s-ebook-enus.pdf">”H2S – a growing challenge in the Oil & Gas industry (PDF)”</a>. Draeger Safety Inc. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.draeger.com/Library/Content/h2s-ebook-enus.pdf">originalet</a> den 26 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226095312/https://www.draeger.com/Library/Content/h2s-ebook-enus.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20200226095312/https://www.draeger.com/Library/Content/h2s-ebook-enus.pdf</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=H2S+%E2%80%93+a+growing+challenge+in+the+Oil+%26+Gas+industry+%28PDF%29&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Draeger+Safety+Inc.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200226095312%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.draeger.com%2FLibrary%2FContent%2Fh2s-ebook-enus.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFRijcken">Rijcken, Ties. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://flowsplatform.nl/#/what-happens-beneath-the-sinking-surface--quantifying-subsurface-effects-with-data-assimilation--1496927724859____">”What happens beneath the sinking surface? Quantifying subsurface effects with data assimilation”</a> (på english). flowsplatform.nl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://flowsplatform.nl/#/what-happens-beneath-the-sinking-surface--quantifying-subsurface-effects-with-data-assimilation--1496927724859____">https://flowsplatform.nl/#/what-happens-beneath-the-sinking-surface--quantifying-subsurface-effects-with-data-assimilation--1496927724859____</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=What+happens+beneath+the+sinking+surface%3F+Quantifying+subsurface+effects+with+data+assimilation&rft.atitle=flowsplatform.nl&rft.aulast=Rijcken&rft.aufirst=Ties&rft.au=Rijcken%2C+Ties&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fflowsplatform.nl%2F%23%2Fwhat-happens-beneath-the-sinking-surface--quantifying-subsurface-effects-with-data-assimilation--1496927724859____&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-87">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:4_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_87-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFReed2019">Reed, Stanley (24 oktober 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/24/business/energy-environment/netherlands-gas-earthquakes.html">”Earthquakes Are Jolting the Netherlands. Gas Drilling Is to Blame.”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/24/business/energy-environment/netherlands-gas-earthquakes.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/24/business/energy-environment/netherlands-gas-earthquakes.html</a>. 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Safety Science 121: sid. 147–157. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ssci.2019.08.040">10.1016/j.ssci.2019.08.040</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0925-7535">0925-7535</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753519302164">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925753519302164</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Historical+developments+in+Dutch+gas+systems%3A+Unravelling+safety+concerns+in+gas+provision&rft.jtitle=Safety+Science&rft.aulast=Riemersma&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.au=Riemersma%2C+Ben&rft.au=Correlj%C3%A9%2C+Aad+F.&rft.au=K%C3%BCnneke%2C+Rolf+W.&rft.date=2020-01-01&rft.volume=121&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B147%E2%80%93157&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ssci.2019.08.040&rft.issn=0925-7535&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0925753519302164&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-89"><a href="#cite_ref-:5_89-0">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFAnna_Åberg_(Sammanställd_av)2017">Anna Åberg (Sammanställd av) (1 april 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://resource.sgu.se/produkter/regeringsrapporter/2017/RR1705.pdf">”Rapportering av regeringsuppdrag - Konsekvenser av förbud motlandbaserad utvinning av olja och gas”</a>. SGU. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://resource.sgu.se/produkter/regeringsrapporter/2017/RR1705.pdf">http://resource.sgu.se/produkter/regeringsrapporter/2017/RR1705.pdf</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Rapportering+av+regeringsuppdrag+-+Konsekvenser+av+f%C3%B6rbud+motlandbaserad+utvinning+av+olja+och+gas&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Anna+%C3%85berg+%28Sammanst%C3%A4lld+av%29&rft.au=Anna+%C3%85berg+%28Sammanst%C3%A4lld+av%29&rft.date=1+april+2017&rft.pub=SGU&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresource.sgu.se%2Fprodukter%2Fregeringsrapporter%2F2017%2FRR1705.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFNobelNobel">Nobel, Justin; Nobel, Justin (21 januari 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/oil-gas-fracking-radioactive-investigation-937389/">”America's Radioactive Secret”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). Rolling Stone. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/oil-gas-fracking-radioactive-investigation-937389/">https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/oil-gas-fracking-radioactive-investigation-937389/</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=America%27s+Radioactive+Secret&rft.atitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.aulast=Nobel&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft.au=Nobel%2C+Justin&rft.au=Nobel%2C+Justin&rft.date=21+januari+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fpolitics%2Fpolitics-features%2Foil-gas-fracking-radioactive-investigation-937389%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFMikael_Erlström">Mikael Erlström. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://resource.sgu.se/produkter/sgurapp/s1419-rapport.pdf">”Skiffergas och biogen gas i alunskiffern i Sverige, förekomst och geologiska förutsättningar – en översikt (PDF)”</a>. Sveriges geologiska undersökning (SGU). sid. 23. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://resource.sgu.se/produkter/sgurapp/s1419-rapport.pdf">http://resource.sgu.se/produkter/sgurapp/s1419-rapport.pdf</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Skiffergas+och+biogen+gas+i+alunskiffern+i+Sverige%2C+f%C3%B6rekomst+och+geologiska+f%C3%B6ruts%C3%A4ttningar+%E2%80%93+en+%C3%B6versikt+%28PDF%29&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Mikael+Erlstr%C3%B6m&rft.au=Mikael+Erlstr%C3%B6m&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B23&rft.pub=Sveriges+geologiska+unders%C3%B6kning+%28SGU%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresource.sgu.se%2Fprodukter%2Fsgurapp%2Fs1419-rapport.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFWypijewski2018">Wypijewski, JoAnn (31 juli 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/31/books/review/eliza-griswold-amity-and-prosperity.html">”What Happened When Fracking Came to Town”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/31/books/review/eliza-griswold-amity-and-prosperity.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/31/books/review/eliza-griswold-amity-and-prosperity.html</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What+Happened+When+Fracking+Came+to+Town&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.aulast=Wypijewski&rft.aufirst=JoAnn&rft.au=Wypijewski%2C+JoAnn&rft.date=31+juli+2018&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F07%2F31%2Fbooks%2Freview%2Feliza-griswold-amity-and-prosperity.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-93">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:6_93-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_93-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200205194640/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/saekra-transporter-av-flytande-metan/">”Säkra transporter av flytande metan”</a>. Energigas Sverige. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/saekra-transporter-av-flytande-metan/">originalet</a> den 5 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200205194640/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/saekra-transporter-av-flytande-metan/">https://web.archive.org/web/20200205194640/https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/saekra-transporter-av-flytande-metan/</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=S%C3%A4kra+transporter+av+flytande+metan&rft.atitle=Energigas+Sverige&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200205194640%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.energigas.se%2Ffakta-om-gas%2Fnaturgas%2Fsaekra-transporter-av-flytande-metan%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rib.msb.se/Portal/template/pages/Kemi/Substance.aspx?id=437">”Naturgas, komprimerad - RIB Farliga ämnen”</a>. rib.msb.se. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://rib.msb.se/Portal/template/pages/Kemi/Substance.aspx?id=437">https://rib.msb.se/Portal/template/pages/Kemi/Substance.aspx?id=437</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Naturgas%2C+komprimerad+-+RIB+Farliga+%C3%A4mnen&rft.atitle=rib.msb.se&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frib.msb.se%2FPortal%2Ftemplate%2Fpages%2FKemi%2FSubstance.aspx%3Fid%3D437&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rib.msb.se/Portal/template/pages/Kemi/Substance.aspx?id=552">”Naturgas, kyld, flytande - RIB Farliga ämnen”</a>. rib.msb.se. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://rib.msb.se/Portal/template/pages/Kemi/Substance.aspx?id=552">https://rib.msb.se/Portal/template/pages/Kemi/Substance.aspx?id=552</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Naturgas%2C+kyld%2C+flytande+-+RIB+Farliga+%C3%A4mnen&rft.atitle=rib.msb.se&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frib.msb.se%2FPortal%2Ftemplate%2Fpages%2FKemi%2FSubstance.aspx%3Fid%3D552&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.clasohlson.com/medias/sys_master/9542765641758.pdf">”Batteridriven Kolmonoxidvarnare (PDF)”</a>. Clas Ohlson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.clasohlson.com/medias/sys_master/9542765641758.pdf">https://www.clasohlson.com/medias/sys_master/9542765641758.pdf</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Batteridriven+Kolmonoxidvarnare+%28PDF%29&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Clas+Ohlson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.clasohlson.com%2Fmedias%2Fsys_master%2F9542765641758.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/unconventional-gas">”Unconventional Gas”</a>. Student Energy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/unconventional-gas">https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/unconventional-gas</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Unconventional+Gas&rft.atitle=Student+Energy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.studentenergy.org%2Ftopics%2Funconventional-gas&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/news/the-lives-they-lived/2013/12/21/george-mitchell/">”George Mitchell, Father of Fracking”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). The New York Times. 21 december 2013. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/news/the-lives-they-lived/2013/12/21/george-mitchell/">https://www.nytimes.com/news/the-lives-they-lived/2013/12/21/george-mitchell/</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=George+Mitchell%2C+Father+of+Fracking&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.date=21+december+2013&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fnews%2Fthe-lives-they-lived%2F2013%2F12%2F21%2Fgeorge-mitchell%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFVaughan2018">Vaughan, Adam (26 februari 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/feb/26/fracking-the-reality-the-risks-and-what-the-future-holds">”Fracking – the reality, the risksand what the future holds”</a> (på brittisk engelska). The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/feb/26/fracking-the-reality-the-risks-and-what-the-future-holds">https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/feb/26/fracking-the-reality-the-risks-and-what-the-future-holds</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fracking+%E2%80%93+the+reality%2C+the+risksand+what+the+future+holds&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.aulast=Vaughan&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.au=Vaughan%2C+Adam&rft.date=26+februari+2018&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fnews%2F2018%2Ffeb%2F26%2Ffracking-the-reality-the-risks-and-what-the-future-holds&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open.karnovgroup.se/statistiklagstiftning/CELEX32017R2010">”Kommissionens förordning (EU) 2017/2010 av den 9 november 2017 om ändring av Europaparlamentets och rådets förordning (EG) nr 1099/2008 om energistatistik vad gäller uppdateringarna för den årliga och månatliga energistatistiken.”</a>. Norstedts Juridik. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://open.karnovgroup.se/statistiklagstiftning/CELEX32017R2010">https://open.karnovgroup.se/statistiklagstiftning/CELEX32017R2010</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Kommissionens+f%C3%B6rordning+%28EU%29+2017%2F2010+av+den+9+november+2017+om+%C3%A4ndring+av+Europaparlamentets+och+r%C3%A5dets+f%C3%B6rordning+%28EG%29+nr+1099%2F2008+om+energistatistik+vad+g%C3%A4ller+uppdateringarna+f%C3%B6r+den+%C3%A5rliga+och+m%C3%A5natliga+energistatistiken.&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Norstedts+Juridik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopen.karnovgroup.se%2Fstatistiklagstiftning%2FCELEX32017R2010&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:D%C3%B6da_l%C3%A4nkar" title="Wikipedia:Döda länkar">[död länk]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:15-101">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:15_101-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:15_101-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307234405/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2253rank.html">”COUNTRY COMPARISON :: NATURAL GAS - PROVED RESERVES”</a>. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2253rank.html">originalet</a> den 7 mars 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307234405/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2253rank.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20170307234405/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2253rank.html</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=COUNTRY+COMPARISON+%3A%3A+NATURAL+GAS+-+PROVED+RESERVES&rft.atitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20170307234405%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2253rank.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315051210/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2249rank.html">”COUNTRY COMPARISON :: NATURAL GAS - PRODUCTION”</a>. Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2249rank.html">originalet</a> den 15 mars 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315051210/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2249rank.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20160315051210/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2249rank.html</a>. Läst 2 maj 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=COUNTRY+COMPARISON+%3A%3A+NATURAL+GAS+-+PRODUCTION&rft.atitle=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft.pub=The+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20160315051210%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2249rank.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iea.org/news/market-flexibility-is-improving-thanks-to-lng-and-markets-currently-well-supplied-but-gas-security-remains-a-concern">”Market flexibility is improving thanks to LNG and markets currently well supplied but gas security remains a concern - News”</a> (på brittisk engelska). IEA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.iea.org/news/market-flexibility-is-improving-thanks-to-lng-and-markets-currently-well-supplied-but-gas-security-remains-a-concern">https://www.iea.org/news/market-flexibility-is-improving-thanks-to-lng-and-markets-currently-well-supplied-but-gas-security-remains-a-concern</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Market+flexibility+is+improving+thanks+to+LNG+and+markets+currently+well+supplied+but+gas+security+remains+a+concern+-+News&rft.atitle=IEA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iea.org%2Fnews%2Fmarket-flexibility-is-improving-thanks-to-lng-and-markets-currently-well-supplied-but-gas-security-remains-a-concern&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldoil.com/news/2020/1/24/global-oversupply-sets-up-lng-for-a-year-of-record-low-prices">”Global oversupply sets up LNG for a year of record low prices”</a>. www.worldoil.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.worldoil.com/news/2020/1/24/global-oversupply-sets-up-lng-for-a-year-of-record-low-prices">https://www.worldoil.com/news/2020/1/24/global-oversupply-sets-up-lng-for-a-year-of-record-low-prices</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Global+oversupply+sets+up+LNG+for+a+year+of+record+low+prices&rft.atitle=www.worldoil.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldoil.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F1%2F24%2Fglobal-oversupply-sets-up-lng-for-a-year-of-record-low-prices&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-105">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:7_105-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_105-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iea.org/reports/market-report-series-gas-2019">”Market Report Series: Gas 2019 – Analysis”</a> (på brittisk engelska). IEA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.iea.org/reports/market-report-series-gas-2019">https://www.iea.org/reports/market-report-series-gas-2019</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Market+Report+Series%3A+Gas+2019+%E2%80%93+Analysis&rft.atitle=IEA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iea.org%2Freports%2Fmarket-report-series-gas-2019&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalenergymonitor.org/">”Global Energy Monitor”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). Global Energy Monitor. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://globalenergymonitor.org/">https://globalenergymonitor.org/</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Global+Energy+Monitor&rft.atitle=Global+Energy+Monitor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalenergymonitor.org%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imi-online.de/2007/06/19/thecontoursofthe/">”Informationsstelle Militarisierung (IMI) » The Contours of the New Cold War”</a> (på tyska). <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.imi-online.de/2007/06/19/thecontoursofthe/">http://www.imi-online.de/2007/06/19/thecontoursofthe/</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Informationsstelle+Militarisierung+%28IMI%29+%C2%BB+The+Contours+of+the+New+Cold+War&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imi-online.de%2F2007%2F06%2F19%2Fthecontoursofthe%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-108">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:3_108-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_108-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/produktion-och-distribution/">”Produktion och distribution”</a>. Energigas Sverige. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/produktion-och-distribution/">https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/naturgas/produktion-och-distribution/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Produktion+och+distribution&rft.atitle=Energigas+Sverige&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energigas.se%2Ffakta-om-gas%2Fnaturgas%2Fproduktion-och-distribution%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/west-east/">”West-East Gas Pipeline Project”</a> (på brittisk engelska). Hydrocarbons Technology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/west-east/">https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/west-east/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=West-East+Gas+Pipeline+Project&rft.atitle=Hydrocarbons+Technology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hydrocarbons-technology.com%2Fprojects%2Fwest-east%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnpc.com.cn/en/cs2012en/201407/3d2ccb479ad94ef4a6c54ce4d78685fa/files/8440f95e4b454eb082d557b5261d667c.pdf">”Overview of the West-East Gas Pipeline Project (pdf)”</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.cnpc.com.cn/en/cs2012en/201407/3d2ccb479ad94ef4a6c54ce4d78685fa/files/8440f95e4b454eb082d557b5261d667c.pdf">http://www.cnpc.com.cn/en/cs2012en/201407/3d2ccb479ad94ef4a6c54ce4d78685fa/files/8440f95e4b454eb082d557b5261d667c.pdf</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Overview+of+the+West-East+Gas+Pipeline+Project+%28pdf%29&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnpc.com.cn%2Fen%2Fcs2012en%2F201407%2F3d2ccb479ad94ef4a6c54ce4d78685fa%2Ffiles%2F8440f95e4b454eb082d557b5261d667c.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.williams.com/pipeline/transco/">”Transco”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). Williams Companies. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.williams.com/pipeline/transco/">https://www.williams.com/pipeline/transco/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Transco&rft.atitle=Williams+Companies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.williams.com%2Fpipeline%2Ftransco%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.di.se/nyheter/ryssland-och-kina-starker-banden-med-gigantisk-pipeline/">”Ryssland och Kina stärker banden med gigantisk pipeline”</a>. Dagens industri. 3 december 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.di.se/nyheter/ryssland-och-kina-starker-banden-med-gigantisk-pipeline/">https://www.di.se/nyheter/ryssland-och-kina-starker-banden-med-gigantisk-pipeline/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Ryssland+och+Kina+st%C3%A4rker+banden+med+gigantisk+pipeline&rft.atitle=Dagens+industri&rft.date=3+december+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.di.se%2Fnyheter%2Fryssland-och-kina-starker-banden-med-gigantisk-pipeline%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.expressen.se/nyheter/oron-efter-xi-och-putins-ord-om-nara-vanskapen/">”Därför är Vladimir Putin och Xi Jinping bästa vänner”</a>. www.expressen.se. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.expressen.se/nyheter/oron-efter-xi-och-putins-ord-om-nara-vanskapen/">https://www.expressen.se/nyheter/oron-efter-xi-och-putins-ord-om-nara-vanskapen/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=D%C3%A4rf%C3%B6r+%C3%A4r+Vladimir+Putin+och+Xi+Jinping+b%C3%A4sta+v%C3%A4nner&rft.atitle=www.expressen.se&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.expressen.se%2Fnyheter%2Foron-efter-xi-och-putins-ord-om-nara-vanskapen%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200305091801/https://www.gazprom.com/projects/power-of-siberia/">”Power of Siberia”</a> (på engelska). www.gazprom.com. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gazprom.com/projects/power-of-siberia/">originalet</a> den 5 mars 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200305091801/https://www.gazprom.com/projects/power-of-siberia/">https://web.archive.org/web/20200305091801/https://www.gazprom.com/projects/power-of-siberia/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Power+of+Siberia&rft.atitle=www.gazprom.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200305091801%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.gazprom.com%2Fprojects%2Fpower-of-siberia%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/fordonsgas-och-gasbilar/produktion-och-distribution/">”Produktion och distribution”</a>. Energigas Sverige. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/fordonsgas-och-gasbilar/produktion-och-distribution/">https://www.energigas.se/fakta-om-gas/fordonsgas-och-gasbilar/produktion-och-distribution/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Produktion+och+distribution&rft.atitle=Energigas+Sverige&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energigas.se%2Ffakta-om-gas%2Ffordonsgas-och-gasbilar%2Fproduktion-och-distribution%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.energy.gov.tt/our-business/lng-petrochemicals/petrochemicals/methanol/">”Ministry of Energy and Energy Industries | Methanol”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.energy.gov.tt/our-business/lng-petrochemicals/petrochemicals/methanol/">http://www.energy.gov.tt/our-business/lng-petrochemicals/petrochemicals/methanol/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Ministry+of+Energy+and+Energy+Industries+%7C+Methanol&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Government+of+the+Republic+of+Trinidad+and+Tobago&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.energy.gov.tt%2Four-business%2Flng-petrochemicals%2Fpetrochemicals%2Fmethanol%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://grist.org/article/2010-02-11-tracking-u-s-farmers-supply-nitrogen-fertilizer/">”Our other addiction: the tricky geopolitics of nitrogen fertilizer”</a> (på engelska). Grist. 12 februari 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://grist.org/article/2010-02-11-tracking-u-s-farmers-supply-nitrogen-fertilizer/">https://grist.org/article/2010-02-11-tracking-u-s-farmers-supply-nitrogen-fertilizer/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Our+other+addiction%3A+the+tricky+geopolitics+of+nitrogen+fertilizer&rft.atitle=Grist&rft.date=12+februari+2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgrist.org%2Farticle%2F2010-02-11-tracking-u-s-farmers-supply-nitrogen-fertilizer%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shell.com/business-customers/lubricants-for-business/news-and-media-releases/2015/shell-global-gas-to-liquid.html">”Shell completes Global gas-to-liquid (GTL) base oil supply chain with new Middle East hub”</a> (på engelska). www.shell.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.shell.com/business-customers/lubricants-for-business/news-and-media-releases/2015/shell-global-gas-to-liquid.html">https://www.shell.com/business-customers/lubricants-for-business/news-and-media-releases/2015/shell-global-gas-to-liquid.html</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Shell+completes+Global+gas-to-liquid+%28GTL%29+base+oil+supply+chain+with+new+Middle+East+hub&rft.atitle=www.shell.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shell.com%2Fbusiness-customers%2Flubricants-for-business%2Fnews-and-media-releases%2F2015%2Fshell-global-gas-to-liquid.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-119">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:8_119-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_119-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201027114312/https://energimyndigheten.a-w2m.se/FolderContents.mvc/Download?ResourceId=103959">”Europas naturgasberoende - Åtgärder för tryggad naturgasförsörjning”</a>. Energimyndigheten. Februari 2006. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://energimyndigheten.a-w2m.se/FolderContents.mvc/Download?ResourceId=103959">originalet</a> den 27 oktober 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201027114312/https://energimyndigheten.a-w2m.se/FolderContents.mvc/Download?ResourceId=103959">https://web.archive.org/web/20201027114312/https://energimyndigheten.a-w2m.se/FolderContents.mvc/Download?ResourceId=103959</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Europas+naturgasberoende+-+%C3%85tg%C3%A4rder+f%C3%B6r+tryggad+naturgasf%C3%B6rs%C3%B6rjning&rft.atitle=&rft.date=Februari+2006&rft.pub=Energimyndigheten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20201027114312%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fenergimyndigheten.a-w2m.se%2FFolderContents.mvc%2FDownload%3FResourceId%3D103959&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/SV/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52010DC0677&from=EN">”Prioriteringar för energiinfrastrukturen för 2020 och framåt – Förslag för ett integrerat europeiskt energinätverk (PDF)”</a>. Europeiska kommissionen. 17 november 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/SV/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52010DC0677&from=EN">https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/SV/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52010DC0677&from=EN</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Prioriteringar+f%C3%B6r+energiinfrastrukturen+f%C3%B6r+2020+och+fram%C3%A5t+%E2%80%93+F%C3%B6rslag+f%C3%B6r+ett+integrerat+europeiskt+energin%C3%A4tverk+%28PDF%29&rft.atitle=&rft.date=17+november+2010&rft.pub=Europeiska+kommissionen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2Flegal-content%2FSV%2FTXT%2FPDF%2F%3Furi%3DCELEX%3A52010DC0677%26from%3DEN&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-121">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:9_121-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_121-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/eu-us_lng_trade_folder.pdf">”EU-U.S. LNG trade”</a>. European Commission. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/eu-us_lng_trade_folder.pdf">https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/eu-us_lng_trade_folder.pdf</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=EU-U.S.+LNG+trade&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=European+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fenergy%2Fsites%2Fener%2Ffiles%2Feu-us_lng_trade_folder.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/265345/natural-gas-production-in-the-european-union/">”Natural gas production in the European Union 2018”</a> (på engelska). Statista. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/265345/natural-gas-production-in-the-european-union/">https://www.statista.com/statistics/265345/natural-gas-production-in-the-european-union/</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Natural+gas+production+in+the+European+Union+2018&rft.atitle=Statista&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F265345%2Fnatural-gas-production-in-the-european-union%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spglobal.com/platts/en/market-insights/latest-news/natural-gas/060719-european-gas-output-to-slide-by-48-bcm-to-just-202-bcm-by-2024-iea">”European gas output to slide by 48 Bcm to just 202 Bcm by 2024: IEA | S&P Global Platts”</a>. www.spglobal.com. 7 juni 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.spglobal.com/platts/en/market-insights/latest-news/natural-gas/060719-european-gas-output-to-slide-by-48-bcm-to-just-202-bcm-by-2024-iea">https://www.spglobal.com/platts/en/market-insights/latest-news/natural-gas/060719-european-gas-output-to-slide-by-48-bcm-to-just-202-bcm-by-2024-iea</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=European+gas+output+to+slide+by+48+Bcm+to+just+202+Bcm+by+2024%3A+IEA+%7C+S%26P+Global+Platts&rft.atitle=www.spglobal.com&rft.date=7+juni+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spglobal.com%2Fplatts%2Fen%2Fmarket-insights%2Flatest-news%2Fnatural-gas%2F060719-european-gas-output-to-slide-by-48-bcm-to-just-202-bcm-by-2024-iea&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFSimon">Simon, Frédéric (16 maj 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/europe-grapples-with-dutch-gas-production-collapse/">”Europe grapples with Dutch gas production ‘collapse’”</a> (på brittisk engelska). www.euractiv.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/europe-grapples-with-dutch-gas-production-collapse/">https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/europe-grapples-with-dutch-gas-production-collapse/</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Europe+grapples+with+Dutch+gas+production+%E2%80%98collapse%E2%80%99&rft.atitle=www.euractiv.com&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rft.au=Simon%2C+Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rft.date=16+maj+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.com%2Fsection%2Fenergy%2Fnews%2Feurope-grapples-with-dutch-gas-production-collapse%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/infographs/energy/bloc-2c.html">”Shedding light on energy on the EU: From where do we import energy and how dependent are we?”</a> (på engelska). Shedding light on energy on the EU. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/infographs/energy/bloc-2c.html">https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/infographs/energy/bloc-2c.html</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Shedding+light+on+energy+on+the+EU%3A+From+where+do+we+import+energy+and+how+dependent+are+we%3F&rft.atitle=Shedding+light+on+energy+on+the+EU&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Fcache%2Finfographs%2Fenergy%2Fbloc-2c.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFDina_Khrennikova,_Anna_Shiryaevskaya,_Daryna_Krasnolutska2019">Dina Khrennikova, Anna Shiryaevskaya, Daryna Krasnolutska (31 december 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226095311/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/energy/why-the-russia-ukraine-gas-dispute-worries-europe/2019/12/31/f8f5008a-2bec-11ea-bffe-020c88b3f120_story.html">”Why the Russia-Ukraine Gas Dispute Worries Europe”</a>. The Washington Post. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/energy/why-the-russia-ukraine-gas-dispute-worries-europe/2019/12/31/f8f5008a-2bec-11ea-bffe-020c88b3f120_story.html">originalet</a> den 26 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226095311/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/energy/why-the-russia-ukraine-gas-dispute-worries-europe/2019/12/31/f8f5008a-2bec-11ea-bffe-020c88b3f120_story.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20200226095311/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/energy/why-the-russia-ukraine-gas-dispute-worries-europe/2019/12/31/f8f5008a-2bec-11ea-bffe-020c88b3f120_story.html</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Why+the+Russia-Ukraine+Gas+Dispute+Worries+Europe&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Dina+Khrennikova%2C+Anna+Shiryaevskaya%2C+Daryna+Krasnolutska&rft.au=Dina+Khrennikova%2C+Anna+Shiryaevskaya%2C+Daryna+Krasnolutska&rft.date=31+december+2019&rft.pub=The+Washington+Post&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200226095311%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fwhy-the-russia-ukraine-gas-dispute-worries-europe%2F2019%2F12%2F31%2Ff8f5008a-2bec-11ea-bffe-020c88b3f120_story.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFSimon_Pirani,_Jonathan_Stern,_Katja_Yafimava2009">Simon Pirani, Jonathan Stern, Katja Yafimava (februari 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/NG27-TheRussoUkrainianGasDisputeofJanuary2009AComprehensiveAssessment-JonathanSternSimonPiraniKatjaYafimava-2009.pdf?v=7516fd43adaa">”The Russo-Ukrainian gas dispute of January 2009 - A comprehensive assessment”</a>. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/NG27-TheRussoUkrainianGasDisputeofJanuary2009AComprehensiveAssessment-JonathanSternSimonPiraniKatjaYafimava-2009.pdf?v=7516fd43adaa">https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/NG27-TheRussoUkrainianGasDisputeofJanuary2009AComprehensiveAssessment-JonathanSternSimonPiraniKatjaYafimava-2009.pdf?v=7516fd43adaa</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+Russo-Ukrainian+gas+dispute+of+January+2009+-+A+comprehensive+assessment&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Simon+Pirani%2C+Jonathan+Stern%2C+Katja+Yafimava&rft.au=Simon+Pirani%2C+Jonathan+Stern%2C+Katja+Yafimava&rft.date=februari+2009&rft.pub=Oxford+Institute+for+Energy+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordenergy.org%2Fwpcms%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F11%2FNG27-TheRussoUkrainianGasDisputeofJanuary2009AComprehensiveAssessment-JonathanSternSimonPiraniKatjaYafimava-2009.pdf%3Fv%3D7516fd43adaa&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/yamal-europegaspipel/">”Yamal – Europe Gas Pipeline”</a> (på brittisk engelska). Hydrocarbons Technology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/yamal-europegaspipel/">https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/yamal-europegaspipel/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Yamal+%E2%80%93+Europe+Gas+Pipeline&rft.atitle=Hydrocarbons+Technology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hydrocarbons-technology.com%2Fprojects%2Fyamal-europegaspipel%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://illvet.se/teknik/energi/4896-kilometer-ror-ger-europa-energi">”4896 kilometer rör ger Europa energi”</a>. Illustrerad vetenskap. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://illvet.se/teknik/energi/4896-kilometer-ror-ger-europa-energi">https://illvet.se/teknik/energi/4896-kilometer-ror-ger-europa-energi</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=4896+kilometer+r%C3%B6r+ger+Europa+energi&rft.atitle=Illustrerad+vetenskap&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fillvet.se%2Fteknik%2Fenergi%2F4896-kilometer-ror-ger-europa-energi&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/negp/">”Nord Stream Gas Pipeline (NSGP), Russia-Germany”</a> (på brittisk engelska). Hydrocarbons Technology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/negp/">https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/negp/</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Nord+Stream+Gas+Pipeline+%28NSGP%29%2C+Russia-Germany&rft.atitle=Hydrocarbons+Technology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hydrocarbons-technology.com%2Fprojects%2Fnegp%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFVaughan2019">Vaughan, Adam (25 februari 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/feb/25/nord-stream-2-russian-gas-pipeline-likely-to-go-ahead-after-eu-deal">”Nord Stream 2 Russian gas pipeline likely to go ahead after EU deal”</a> (på brittisk engelska). The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/feb/25/nord-stream-2-russian-gas-pipeline-likely-to-go-ahead-after-eu-deal">https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/feb/25/nord-stream-2-russian-gas-pipeline-likely-to-go-ahead-after-eu-deal</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nord+Stream+2+Russian+gas+pipeline+likely+to+go+ahead+after+EU+deal&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.aulast=Vaughan&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.au=Vaughan%2C+Adam&rft.date=25+februari+2019&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbusiness%2F2019%2Ffeb%2F25%2Fnord-stream-2-russian-gas-pipeline-likely-to-go-ahead-after-eu-deal&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jul/11/germany-and-russia-gas-links-trump-questions-europe-nord-stream2">”Germany and Russia gas links: Trump is not only one to ask questions”</a> (på brittisk engelska). The Guardian. 11 juli 2018. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jul/11/germany-and-russia-gas-links-trump-questions-europe-nord-stream2">https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jul/11/germany-and-russia-gas-links-trump-questions-europe-nord-stream2</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Germany+and+Russia+gas+links%3A+Trump+is+not+only+one+to+ask+questions&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.date=11+juli+2018&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus-news%2F2018%2Fjul%2F11%2Fgermany-and-russia-gas-links-trump-questions-europe-nord-stream2&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200205194553/https://www.nord-stream2.com/media-info/news-events/three-quarters-of-nord-stream-2-completed-138/">”Nord Stream 2 - Three Quarters of Nord Stream 2 Completed”</a> (på engelska). www.nord-stream2.com. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nord-stream2.com/media-info/news-events/three-quarters-of-nord-stream-2-completed-138/">originalet</a> den 5 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200205194553/https://www.nord-stream2.com/media-info/news-events/three-quarters-of-nord-stream-2-completed-138/">https://web.archive.org/web/20200205194553/https://www.nord-stream2.com/media-info/news-events/three-quarters-of-nord-stream-2-completed-138/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Nord+Stream+2+-+Three+Quarters+of+Nord+Stream+2+Completed&rft.atitle=www.nord-stream2.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200205194553%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.nord-stream2.com%2Fmedia-info%2Fnews-events%2Fthree-quarters-of-nord-stream-2-completed-138%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.svd.se/avtal-om-ny-gasledning-till-eu">”Avtal om ny gasledning till EU”</a>. Svenska Dagbladet/TT. 17 maj 2016. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1101-2412">1101-2412</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.svd.se/avtal-om-ny-gasledning-till-eu">https://www.svd.se/avtal-om-ny-gasledning-till-eu</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Avtal+om+ny+gasledning+till+EU&rft.jtitle=Svenska+Dagbladet%2FTT&rft.date=17+maj+2016&rft.issn=1101-2412&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.svd.se%2Favtal-om-ny-gasledning-till-eu&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFHorowitz2018">Horowitz, Jason (12 augusti 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/12/world/europe/italy-pipeline-five-star.html">”A Gas Pipeline to Italy? Five Star Backers Sense a Betrayal”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/12/world/europe/italy-pipeline-five-star.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/12/world/europe/italy-pipeline-five-star.html</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Gas+Pipeline+to+Italy%3F+Five+Star+Backers+Sense+a+Betrayal&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.aulast=Horowitz&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.au=Horowitz%2C+Jason&rft.date=12+augusti+2018&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F08%2F12%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fitaly-pipeline-five-star.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tap-ag.com/the-pipeline">”TAP at a glance”</a> (på engelska). TAP. Trans Adriatic Pipeline. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.tap-ag.com/the-pipeline">https://www.tap-ag.com/the-pipeline</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=TAP+at+a+glance&rft.atitle=TAP&rft.pub=Trans+Adriatic+Pipeline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tap-ag.com%2Fthe-pipeline&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/trans-med-pipeline/">”Trans-Mediterranean Natural Gas Pipeline”</a> (på brittisk engelska). Hydrocarbons Technology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/trans-med-pipeline/">https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/trans-med-pipeline/</a>. Läst 5 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Trans-Mediterranean+Natural+Gas+Pipeline&rft.atitle=Hydrocarbons+Technology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hydrocarbons-technology.com%2Fprojects%2Ftrans-med-pipeline%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-138">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:10_138-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_138-1">b</a>] <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-security/diversification-of-gas-supply-sources-and-routes">”Diversification of gas supply sources and routes”</a> (på engelska). Energy - European Commission. 31 juli 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-security/diversification-of-gas-supply-sources-and-routes">https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-security/diversification-of-gas-supply-sources-and-routes</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Diversification+of+gas+supply+sources+and+routes&rft.atitle=Energy+-+European+Commission&rft.date=31+juli+2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fenergy%2Fen%2Ftopics%2Fenergy-security%2Fdiversification-of-gas-supply-sources-and-routes&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226095325/https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2019/july/tradoc_158271.pdf">”EU US LNG trade”</a>. 25 juli 2019. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2019/july/tradoc_158271.pdf">originalet</a> den 26 februari 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226095325/https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2019/july/tradoc_158271.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20200226095325/https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2019/july/tradoc_158271.pdf</a>. Läst <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2019/july/tradoc_158271.pdf">https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2019/july/tradoc_158271.pdf</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=EU+US+LNG+trade&rft.atitle=&rft.date=25+juli+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200226095325%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Ftrade.ec.europa.eu%2Fdoclib%2Fdocs%2F2019%2Fjuly%2Ftradoc_158271.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFEllyatt">Ellyatt, Holly (12 februari 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/12/us-should-be-gas-supplier-in-europe-as-well-as-russia.html">”Russia is 'fearful' of US competition in the European gas market, official says”</a> (på engelska). CNBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/12/us-should-be-gas-supplier-in-europe-as-well-as-russia.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/12/us-should-be-gas-supplier-in-europe-as-well-as-russia.html</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Russia+is+%27fearful%27+of+US+competition+in+the+European+gas+market%2C+official+says&rft.atitle=CNBC&rft.aulast=Ellyatt&rft.aufirst=Holly&rft.au=Ellyatt%2C+Holly&rft.date=12+februari+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2020%2F02%2F12%2Fus-should-be-gas-supplier-in-europe-as-well-as-russia.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFLundin2009">Lundin, Tomas (1 mars 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.svd.se/europas-hemliga-gasbjasse">”Europas hemliga gasbjässe”</a>. Svenska Dagbladet. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1101-2412">1101-2412</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.svd.se/europas-hemliga-gasbjasse">https://www.svd.se/europas-hemliga-gasbjasse</a>. Läst 26 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Europas+hemliga+gasbj%C3%A4sse&rft.jtitle=Svenska+Dagbladet&rft.aulast=Lundin&rft.aufirst=Tomas&rft.au=Lundin%2C+Tomas&rft.date=1+mars+2009&rft.issn=1101-2412&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.svd.se%2Feuropas-hemliga-gasbjasse&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220516173112/https://www.swedegas.se/gasnatet/gasnatet">”Swedegas - Svenska stamnätet”</a>. www.swedegas.se. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swedegas.se/gasnatet/gasnatet">originalet</a> den 16 maj 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220516173112/https://www.swedegas.se/gasnatet/gasnatet">https://web.archive.org/web/20220516173112/https://www.swedegas.se/gasnatet/gasnatet</a>. Läst 3 februari 2020.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Swedegas+-+Svenska+stamn%C3%A4tet&rft.atitle=www.swedegas.se&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20220516173112%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.swedegas.se%2Fgasnatet%2Fgasnatet&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fossilgas">  </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://lagen.nu/2005:403#K1P3">https://lagen.nu/2005:403#K1P3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120515094332/https://lagen.nu/2005:403#K1P3">Arkiverad</a> 15 maj 2012 hämtat från the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Wayback_Machine" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>.#K1P1 </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://lagen.nu/2005:403#K1P3">https://lagen.nu/2005:403#K1P3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120515094332/https://lagen.nu/2005:403#K1P3">Arkiverad</a> 15 maj 2012 hämtat från the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Wayback_Machine" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>.#K2P1 </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även">Se även</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=23" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sumpgas" title="Sumpgas">Sumpgas</a> och <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6tgas" class="mw-redirect" title="Rötgas">rötgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadsgas" title="Stadsgas">Stadsgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogas" title="Biogas">Biogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordonsgas" title="Fordonsgas">Fordonsgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metangas" class="mw-redirect" title="Metangas">Metangas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xthuseffekten" title="Växthuseffekten">Växthuseffekten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rysk-ukrainska_gaskonflikten" title="Rysk-ukrainska gaskonflikten">Rysk-ukrainska gaskonflikten</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar">Externa länkar</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">redigera</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&action=edit&section=24" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar">redigera wikitext</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.energigas.se">branschorganisationen Energigas Sveriges webbplats</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&oldid=56930659">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fossilgas&oldid=56930659</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Fossila_br%C3%A4nslen" title="Kategori:Fossila bränslen">Fossila bränslen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Blandningar" title="Kategori:Blandningar">Blandningar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Fossilgas" title="Kategori:Fossilgas">Fossilgas</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Dolda kategorier: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artiklar_med_d%C3%B6da_externa_l%C3%A4nkar_2024-09" title="Kategori:Artiklar med döda externa länkar 2024-09">Artiklar med döda externa länkar 2024-09</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Alla_artiklar_med_d%C3%B6da_externa_l%C3%A4nkar" title="Kategori:Alla artiklar med döda externa länkar">Alla artiklar med döda externa länkar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Sidor_f%C3%B6reslagna_att_flyttas_2024-01" title="Kategori:Sidor föreslagna att flyttas 2024-01">Sidor föreslagna att flyttas 2024-01</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Alla_sidor_f%C3%B6reslagna_att_flyttas" title="Kategori:Alla sidor föreslagna att flyttas">Alla sidor föreslagna att flyttas</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 23 februari 2025 kl. 16.40.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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