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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Englishman; target of a University of Oxford grudge</div> <p> <b>Henry Symeonis</b> (<abbr title="floruit ('flourished' – known to have been active at a particular time or during a particular period)">fl.</abbr> 1225–1264) was a wealthy Englishman from <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>, who became the target of "a very strange" <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 550-year-long grudge at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>. Until 1827, Oxford graduates had to swear an oath never to be reconciled with Henry Symeonis—despite Oxford apparently having forgotten by the 17th century who he was or what he did. His identity and his offence were only rediscovered in 1912. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Symeonis&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Symeonis_as_a_witness.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Henry_Symeonis_as_a_witness.jpg/220px-Henry_Symeonis_as_a_witness.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Henry_Symeonis_as_a_witness.jpg/330px-Henry_Symeonis_as_a_witness.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Henry_Symeonis_as_a_witness.jpg/440px-Henry_Symeonis_as_a_witness.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1580" data-file-height="539" /></a><figcaption>Henry Symeonis appears as a witness of a boundary wall grant in 1243.</figcaption></figure> <p>Henry was the son of Henry, son of Symeon, from whom the <a href="/wiki/Patronymic" title="Patronymic">patronymic</a> surname is derived.<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Symeon was a witness to royal charters and possibly one of the <a href="/wiki/Reeve_(England)" title="Reeve (England)">reeves</a> of Oxford during the reign of King <a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_England" title="John, King of England">John</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Poole_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poole-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Symeon's son, Henry, was one of the richest men in early 13th-century Oxford.<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry, son of Henry and grandson of Symeon, first appears in 1225.<sup id="cite_ref-Poole_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poole-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He too was rich and owned multiple properties in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry Symeonis was among the men who, on 22 May 1242, were fined £80 and ordered to leave Oxford by King <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_England" title="Henry III of England">Henry III</a> for murdering an Oxford scholar.<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Poole_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poole-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were allowed to stay in <a href="/wiki/Northampton" title="Northampton">Northampton</a> or further north, but were not to approach Oxford until the King returned from <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Aquitaine" title="Duchy of Aquitaine">Aquitaine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Poole_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poole-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The King returned to England later that year and Henry Symeonis was apparently in Oxford in early 1243.<sup id="cite_ref-Poole_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poole-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He sold an island to the King, who in 1245 granted it to the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Friars_Minor" title="Order of Friars Minor">Order of Friars Minor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Poole_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poole-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1264, many Oxford scholars left Oxford, and King Henry also temporarily suspended the operation of the university on 12 March 1264. On 25 March 1264, King Henry issued <a href="/wiki/Letters_patent" title="Letters patent">letters patent</a> declaring that Henry Symeonis had been forgiven and ordering the university to let him live in Oxford in peace so long as he should show good behaviour.<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oxford archivists give differing interpretations of this episode. <a href="/wiki/Reginald_Lane_Poole" title="Reginald Lane Poole">Reginald Lane Poole</a> argued in the early 20th century that the exodus of the scholars from Oxford was in protest over the return of Henry Symeonis.<sup id="cite_ref-Poole_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poole-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But archive and records manager Alice Millea noted in 2023 that Henry Symeonis had returned years earlier. According to Millea, King Henry suspended the university because Oxford had become the centre of military operations during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Barons%27_War" title="Second Barons' War">Second Barons' War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Millea concludes that Henry Symeonis bought the King's pardon,<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but later that year the King <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lewes" title="Battle of Lewes">was imprisoned</a> as part of his ongoing conflict with the barons, and the Oxford scholars ignored his order to be reconciled.<sup id="cite_ref-Poole_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poole-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oath">Oath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Symeonis&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Oath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <blockquote class="quote-frame pullquote" style="font-size: 95%; padding: 0.5em 2em; background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa ); color: var( --color-base, black ); border: 1px solid #aaa; display:table; float:right; width:33%;"><div style="padding: 0.6em 1em;"><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Magister, tu jurabis quod nunquam consenties in reconciliationem Henrici Simeonis, nec statum Baccalaurei iterum tibi assumes.</i></span><br /><cite style="display: block; text-align: right;"> — <i>Oath taken by Oxford students</i>, Corpus Statutorum (Statute Tit VII section 1. 5)<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="What does this say in English? (February 2025)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The hostility towards Henry Symeonis entered the statutes of the University of Oxford. Until 1827, all <a href="/wiki/Bachelors_of_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachelors of Arts">Bachelors of Arts</a> (BAs) who sought to become <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts_(Oxford,_Cambridge,_and_Dublin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Master of Arts (Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin)">Masters of Arts</a> had to swear an oath never to be reconciled with Henry Symeonis.<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The statutes did not explain who Henry Symeonis was or what he had done. The archivist <a href="/wiki/Brian_Twyne" title="Brian Twyne">Brian Twyne</a> wrote in his 1608 book <i>Antiquitatis Academiae Oxon Apologia</i> that Henry Symeonis was a Regent in Arts who <a href="/wiki/Academic_dishonesty" title="Academic dishonesty">falsely claimed</a> to be a BA in order to enroll in a foreign monastery. Twyne cited no source, however.<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 17th century, antiquary <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Wood_(antiquary)" title="Anthony Wood (antiquary)">Anthony Wood</a> reported that the removal of the oath referring to Henry Symeonis was proposed and rejected, for reasons he does not mention, during the University of Oxford's review of the statutes in 1651–52. Alice Millea of Oxford's <a href="/wiki/Bodleian_Library" title="Bodleian Library">Bodleian Library</a> wrote in 2023 that she presumes that by that time the true origin and meaning of the oath had already been forgotten, replaced with legends and myths. The oath was finally abolished in February 1827, possibly <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1263642342">.mw-parser-output .inline-quote{quotes:none}.mw-parser-output .inline-quote-italic{font-family:inherit;font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .inline-quote-marks{quotes:"\"""\""}</style><q class="inline-quote inline-quote-marks">because nobody knew exactly what they were abolishing</q>.<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The English bishop <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wordsworth" title="Christopher Wordsworth">Christopher Wordsworth</a>, who described the oath as "quaintly personal", wrote in 1874: "It is thought that the culprit had, to gain some end, dissembled his degree in king <a href="/wiki/John_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="John of England">John</a>'s reign."<sup id="cite_ref-Wordsworth_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wordsworth-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Millea cites the university's <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 550</span>-year-long grudge against Henry Symeonis as <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1263642342"><q class="inline-quote inline-quote-marks">a very strange example of the longevity of some University customs, long after they've lost relevance or meaning</q>. It has also been cited as an example of why ancient rules should be critically reviewed, and not simply continued because they exist, and nobody remembers why.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The identity of Henry Symeonis was only rediscovered in 1912 by Oxford's <a href="/wiki/Keeper_of_the_archives" class="mw-redirect" title="Keeper of the archives">keeper of the archives</a>, Reginald Lane Poole.<sup id="cite_ref-Millea_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Symeonis&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span 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class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Millea-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Millea_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFArchives_and_Manuscripts_at_the_Bodleian_Library2023" class="citation web cs1">Millea, Alice (13 December 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/archivesandmanuscripts/2023/12/13/the-persistence-of-tradition-the-curious-case-of-henry-symeonis/">"The persistence of tradition: the curious case of Henry Symeonis"</a>. <i>Archives and Manuscripts at the Bodleian Library</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archives+and+Manuscripts+at+the+Bodleian+Library&rft.atitle=The+persistence+of+tradition%3A+the+curious+case+of+Henry+Symeonis&rft.date=2023-12-13&rft.aulast=Millea&rft.aufirst=Alice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.bodleian.ox.ac.uk%2Farchivesandmanuscripts%2F2023%2F12%2F13%2Fthe-persistence-of-tradition-the-curious-case-of-henry-symeonis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Symeonis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poole-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Poole_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poole_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poole_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poole_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poole_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poole_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poole_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poole_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoole1912" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Lane_Poole" title="Reginald Lane Poole">Poole, Reginald L.</a> (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/550611">"Henry Symeonis"</a>. <i>The English Historical Review</i>. <b>27</b> (107). Oxford University Press: <span class="nowrap">516–</span>517. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-8266">0013-8266</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/550611">550611</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+English+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=Henry+Symeonis&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=107&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E516-%3C%2Fspan%3E517&rft.date=1912&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F550611%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0013-8266&rft.aulast=Poole&rft.aufirst=Reginald+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F550611&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Symeonis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wordsworth-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wordsworth_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWordsworth1874" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wordsworth" title="Christopher Wordsworth">Wordsworth, Christopher</a> (1874). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sociallifeatengl00wordrich/page/244/mode/2up?q=quaintly"><i>Social Life at the English Universities in the Eighteenth Century</i></a>. Cambridge: Cambridge, Deighton, Bell, and Co. p. 245. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fcbo9780511692840">10.1017/cbo9780511692840</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-00052-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-00052-9"><bdi>978-1-108-00052-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Social+Life+at+the+English+Universities+in+the+Eighteenth+Century&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=245&rft.pub=Cambridge%2C+Deighton%2C+Bell%2C+and+Co.&rft.date=1874&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fcbo9780511692840&rft.isbn=978-1-108-00052-9&rft.aulast=Wordsworth&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsociallifeatengl00wordrich%2Fpage%2F244%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3Dquaintly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Symeonis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Underhill, Kevin, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loweringthebar.net/2024/01/i-hereby-swear-to-hate-henry-symeonis.html">'I Hereby Swear to Hate Henry Symeonis, Whoever That Is.'</a>" <i>Lowering the Bar</i>, January 5, 2024; accessed 2025.02.16.</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Symeonis&oldid=1276591000">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Symeonis&oldid=1276591000</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:13th-century_murderers" title="Category:13th-century murderers">13th-century murderers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Oxford" title="Category:People from Oxford">People from Oxford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Category:People associated with the University of Oxford">People associated with the University of Oxford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Category:History of the University of Oxford">History of the University of Oxford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Murder_in_Oxfordshire" title="Category:Murder in Oxfordshire">Murder in Oxfordshire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_murderers" title="Category:English murderers">English murderers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oaths" title="Category:Oaths">Oaths</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_January_2025" title="Category:Use dmy dates from January 2025">Use dmy dates from January 2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_January_2025" title="Category:Use British English from January 2025">Use British English from January 2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_February_2025" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from February 2025">Wikipedia articles needing clarification from February 2025</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 19 February 2025, at 18:44<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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