CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> <title>Dialogue of the Savior</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="finaldemo/layers.css" type="text/css"> <style type="text/css"> body { behavior: url("csshover.txt"); } body { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; } #menu ul, li, div { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; } LI:hover { Z-INDEX: 15; } UL UL { position: absolute; display: none; } LI:hover UL UL { DISPLAY: none; } LI:hover UL { DISPLAY: block; } LI:hover LI:hover UL { DISPLAY: block } li ul { position: absolute; display: none; } #menu ul, #menu li { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; } ul li { position: relative; } #menu { line-height: 1px; font-size: 1px; } /* Styles for Menu Items */ li.topli ul a { display: block; padding-top: 3px; padding-left: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-right: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 10px; font-size: 10px; color: rgb(246, 223, 190); } li.submenu a { background-image: url("pic/arrow.gif"); background-position: right; background-repeat: no-repeat; z-index: 20; } li.submenu ul a { background-image: url("pic/spacer.gif"); z-index: 25; } li.topli li:hover a { color: rgb(73, 63, 40); background-color: rgb(246, 223, 190); } li.topli li:hover ul li a { color: rgb(246, 223, 190); background-color: rgb(73, 63, 40); } #menu li.submenu ul li:hover a { color: rgb(73, 63, 40); background-color: rgb(246, 223, 190); } #menu li { height: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: inherit; } /* Specific classes */ ul.topul { position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 20px; background-color: black; } li.topli { position: absolute; top: 0px; } div.topdiv1 { position: absolute; top: 1px; left: 1px; background-color: rgb(246, 223, 190); } div.topdiv2 { position: absolute; top: 1px; left: 1px; background-color: rgb(73, 63, 40); } ul.subul { position: absolute; top: -1px; background-color: black; } div.subdiv1 { position: absolute; top: 1px; left: 1px; background-color: rgb(246, 223, 190); } div.subdiv2 { position: absolute; top: 1px; left: 1px; background-color: rgb(73, 63, 40); } /* Fix some stuff with lists in the body of the page. */ #infolayer ul { position: relative; display: block; list-style-type: disc; list-style-position: outside; } #infolayer li { position: relative; display: list-item; } #infolayer ul li { margin-left: -16px; } #infolayer ol li { margin-left: -8px; } #infolayer a { color: #990033; } #infolayer a:visited { color: black; } #infolayer a:hover { color: red; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-4053514-1']); _gaq.push(['_setDomainName', 'none']); _gaq.push(['_setAllowLinker', true]); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); </script> </head> <body> <div id="whitetoplayer"> <div id="buythecd"><a href="http://earlywritings.com/buy/"><img src="pic/textanim.gif" alt="Get the CD Now!" width="108" height="39"></a></div> <div id="breadcrumbs"><p><a href="index.html">Home</a> <span><b>></b></span> <a href="gnostics.html">Gnostics</a> <span><b>></b></span> <b>Dialogue of the Savior</b></p></div> <form action="http://www.google.com/cse" id="cse-search-box" target="_blank" style="position: absolute; top: 0px; right: 118px; height: 39px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 5px;"> <div style="background-color: rgb( 174, 134, 64 ); text-align: right; -moz-border-radius: 5px;"><div style="padding: 3px;"> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-2665675471425577:4654561773" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8" /> <input type="text" name="q" width="40" /> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" /> </div></div> </form> </div> <style> #ataglance div.info { margin-top: 6px; margin-bottom: 6px; } </style> <div id="infolayer"> <div id="textboundingbox"> <h1 id="textname">Dialogue of the Savior</h1> <div id="toprightad" style="float: right;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:336px;height:280px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-2665675471425577" data-ad-slot="8302713982"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <div id="ataglance" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: 0 px; width: 210px; border-style: groove; border-width: 4px; color: black; border-color: rgb( 174, 134, 64 ); background-color: rgb( 250, 240, 230 ); margin-top: 5px;"> <div style="padding: 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;" class="info"> <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;"><b>At a Glance</b></div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"><div style="display: block; float: right; left: 0px; width: 75px;">Gospel</div> Genre: </div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"><div style="display: block; float: right; left: 0px; width: 75px;">(2/5) **</div> Reliability of Dating: </div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"><div style="display: block; float: right; left: 0px; width: 75px;">(3/5) ***</div> Length of Text: </div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"><div style="display: block; float: right; left: 0px; width: 75px;">Greek</div> Original Language: </div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"> <div>Ancient Translations:</div> <div style="margin-left: 12px;"></div> </div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"> <div>Modern Translations:</div> <div style="margin-left: 12px;"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p style="position: relative; display: inline; padding-top: 0px; margin-top: 5px;"></p> <h2>Estimated Range of Dating: 120-180 <span class="ce">A.D.</span></h2> <div><a href="index.html"><b>Chronological List of Early Christian Writings</b></a></div> <div>Discuss this text on the <a href="http://earlywritings.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=3">Early Writings forum</a>.</div> <h2>Text</h2> <ul style="margin-right: 220px;"> <li><a href="text/dialoguesavior.html">Stephen Emmel's English Translation</a></li> </ul> <h2>Offsite Links</h2> <ul style="margin-right: 220px;"> <li><a href="http://www.maplenet.net/~trowbridge/dialsav.htm">Geoff Trowbridge's Introduction</a></li> </ul> <h2>Books</h2> <ul style="margin-right: 220px;"> <li>Ron Cameron, ed., <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0718825969/peterkirby">The Other Gospels: Non-Canonical Gospel Texts</a> (Philadelphia, PA: The Westminster Press 1982), pp. 38-48.</li> <li>Robert J. Miller, ed., <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0060655879/peterkirby">The Complete Gospels: Annotated Scholars Version</a> (Sonoma, CA: Polebridge Press 1992), pp. 336-354.</li> <li>James M. Robinson, ed., <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0060669357/peterkirby">The Nag Hammadi Library in English</a> (San Francisco, CA: HarperCollins 1990), pp. 244-255.</li> </ul> <div><a href="books.html"><b>Recommended Books for the Study of Early Christian Writings</b></a></div> <h2>Information on the Dialogue of the Savior</h2> <p> The Dialogue of the Savior is preserved in a single Coptic copy found in Codex III of the Nag Hammadi codices.</p> <p> According to Julian Hills in <i>The Complete Gospels</i>, the Dialogue of the Savior is a gospel about baptism. Hills argues:</p> <p> <blockquote> The central theme of the Dialogue is a process of salvation described in POxy 654 (the Greek fragment of Thom 2): "Let him who [seeks] not pause [until] he finds. When he finds, [he shall marvel]. When he [marvels], he shall rule. [When he has ruled, he shall find rest]" (see DialSav 20:4). This theme supports an invitation to baptism (1-3). It is even likely that the author intended the writing as a discussion of baptism, and in particular of the question: do baptized persons belong in heaven, and or should they continue their struggle in the flesh, i.e., on earth?</p> <p> The author answers the question as follows. First, the writing looks backwards - it describes a moment in the past, when Jesus and his disciples were together. But the reader sees the disciples not only as historical people; he or she finds that they stand for the community's "catechumens" (converts in training) being instructed by their "teacher" (81). In this way, the instructions to the disciples in the Dialogue are probably addressed to those in the author's community who are preparing for baptism. </blockquote></p> <p> Ron Cameron in <i>The Other Gospels</i> and Julian Hills in <i>The Complete Gospels</i> agree that at least four different written sources lie behind the Dialogue of the Savior. Hills argues:</p> <p> <blockquote> Several things about this document make it almost certain that the final author combined various written sources to produce the present Dialogue of the Savior. First, a series of long speeches of the Lrod seem to belong together, in terms of subject-matter and style (see especially 1-3; 14; 22-23; 34-35; 96; 104). Second, several of the speeches have introductions that interrupt the flow of the dialogue (see especially in 24; 36; 37; 39; 40). Third, there are some abrupt changes of subject-matter, as if the author switched from one source to another and back again. </blockquote></p> <p> Cameron describes the sources as follows:</p> <p> <blockquote> Into this dialogue are inserted the following sources: (1) a creation myth (127.23-131.15) based on Genesis 1-2; (2) a cosmological list (133.16-134.24) interpreted in the wisdom tradition; and (3) a fragment of an apocalyptic vision (134.24-137.3). The final redactor has introduced the entire document with (4) an exhortation, prayer, and typically gnostic instruction about the passage of the soul through the heavens (120.2-124.22), all of which is described in terms closely related to the language of the deutero-Pauline corpus, upon which the introductory second may well be dependent. </blockquote></p> <p> The title of the <i>Dialogue of the Savior</i> comes from the final redactor: while "the Lord" is used as an appelation thirty-nine times, the term "the Savior" occurs only twice in an introduction to speech. In their introduction found in <i>The Nag Hammadi Library in English</i>, Helmut Koester and Elaine Pagels state, "The title <i>The Dialogue of the Savior</i> appears in the incipit and the <i>explicit</i> of the manuscript and is apparently a later addition."</p> <p> The main source behind the Dialogue of the Savior is a collection of the sayings of Jesus. Helmut Koester and Elaine Pagels write:</p> <p> <blockquote> The primary source was a dialogue between the Lord and three disciples. This source is preserved in the following sections of the extant work: 124,23-127,19; 128,23-129,16; 131,19-133,21(?); 137,3-146,20, i.e., in about 65% of the present text. These sections are characterized by brief questions, usually from one of the named disciples (sometimes by all the disciples) and equally brief answers of the Lord. Sometimes these questions and answers are expanded into longer units discussing a particular topic. Tradiational sayings of Jesus used in these questions and answers have parallels in the Gospels of Matthew, Luke, and John, and particularly in <i>The Gospel of Thomas</i>. However, a literary dependence upon any of these writings seems unlikely. Rather, the sayings tradition used here appears to be an independent one parallel to the one used in <i>The Gospel of Thomas</i> and the Gospel of John. </blockquote></p> <p> Cameron also compares the Dialogue of the Savior with the Gospel of John:</p> <p> <blockquote> Its use of sayings to compose dialogues marks a stage in the development of the tradition leading from the primitive collection of sayings to the creation of longer revelation discourses and dialogues. In this respect, the <i>Dialogue of the Savior</i> is a precursor of the Gospel of John, which much more subtly incorporates originally discrete sayings into elaborate discourses and dialogues of Jesus. Moreover, in the theological concern addressed by juxtaposing realized eschatology with futuristic eschatology, the <i>Dialogue of the Savior</i> is also a harbinger of the later redaction of John. Each document presents Jesus as a wisdom teacher and living revealer, who challenges his disciples to discover how revelation can come to be a reality within a community of believers. </blockquote></p> <p> Helmut Koester and Elaine Pagels maintain that the Dialogue of the Savior, unlike the Sophia of Jesus Christ or Pistis Sophia, is like the Gospel of John in its "elaborations and interpretations of traditional sayings." Because the Dialogue of the Savior is often "less advanced and theologically less complex than the Johannine parallels," they argue that the dialogue source should be dated sometime in the first century.</p> <p> Ron Cameron offers this dating: "Whereas the dialogue source probably dates from the second half of the first century, the document in its final form was probably composed in the mid- to late second century, when the deutero-Pauline corpus was used in conjuction with the gospel traditions to authenticate the interpretations of both the 'orthodox' and the 'heretics.'" Julian Hills states that the final redaction of the Dialogue of the Savior was probably made about 150 C.E.</p> <div style="float: left; margin-right: 20px;"><script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:300px;height:250px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-2665675471425577" data-ad-slot="3495055140"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script></div> <h2>Some Contemporary Texts</h2> <ul style="display: table;"> <li><a href="naassene.html">Naassene Fragment</a> (120-140 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="valentinus.html">Valentinus</a> (120-160 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="apocryphonjohn.html">Apocryphon of John</a> (120-180 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="gospelmary.html">Gospel of Mary</a> (120-180 A.D.)</li> <li><b>Dialogue of the Savior</b> (120-180 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="gospelsavior.html">Gospel of the Savior</a> (120-180 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="apocalypsejames2.html">2nd Apocalypse of James</a> (120-180 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="trimorphic.html">Trimorphic Protennoia</a> (120-180 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="perfection.html">Gospel of Perfection</a> (120-180 A.D.)</li> </ul> </div> <div style='clear: both;'></div> <hr width="50%"> <p style="text-align: center">Go to the <a href="index.html">Chronological List</a> of all Early Christian Writings</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script></p> <p style="text-align: center; font-size:135%;">Please <a href="http://earlywritings.com/buy/">buy the CD</a> to support the site, view it without ads, and get bonus stuff!</p> <div id="infoleft"></div> <div id="inforight"></div> <div id="footer"> <div id="footleft"></div> <div id="footright"></div> </div> <div id="whitebottomlayer"> <p id="copyrightnotice"><a href="index.html">Early Christian Writings</a> is copyright © <script language="JavaScript">  </script> Peter Kirby <code><<a href="http://www.peterkirby.com/">E-Mail</a>&gt</code>.</p> <iframe src="http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fpages%2Fearlychristianwritingscom%2F121187514627340&send=false&layout=box_count&width=55&show_faces=true&action=like&colorscheme=light&font&height=65" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="border:none; overflow:hidden; width:55px; height:65px; float: left; margin-left: 15px;" allowTransparency="true"></iframe> <div style="float: left; margin-right: 10px;">  <div class="g-plusone"></div>  <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })(); </script> <div><a href="https://twitter.com/mrpeterkirby" class="twitter-follow-button" data-show-count="false" data-size="large" data-dnt="true">Follow @mrpeterkirby</a> <script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)?'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs');</script></div> </div> <div id="buythecd"><a href="http://earlywritings.com/buy/"><img src="pic/textanim.gif" alt="Get the CD Now!" width="108" height="39"></a></div> <div style="width: 500px; font-size: 12px; margin-top: 8px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding-left: 50px;"><div style="position: absolute; width: 40px; height: 40px;"><b>MLA<br>Style</b></div><div style="position: relative; left: 40px;"><p>Kirby, Peter. "Dialogue of the Savior." <i>Early Christian Writings</i>. <script language="JavaScript">  </script> <http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/dialoguesavior.html>.</p></div></div> </div></div><div id="headlayer"> <div id="headleft"></div> <div id="headright"></div> <ul id="menu" style="position: absolute; margin-left: -149px; left: 50%; top: 83px; width: 0px; height: 0px;"> <li class="topli" style="left: 0px; width: 87px; height: 29px;"><a href="newtestament.html"><img src="pic/spacer.gif" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 87px; height: 29px; border: 0px;" alt="New Testament"></a> <ul class="topul" style="width: 133px; height: 99px;"> <div class="topdiv1" style="width: 131px; height: 97px"><div class="topdiv2" style="width: 130px; height: 96px;"> <li class="submenu"><a>Gospels</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 51px; height: 67px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 49px; height: 65px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 48px; height: 64px;"> <li><a href="matthew.html">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="mark.html">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="luke.html">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="john.html">John</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="acts.html"><span>Acts</span></a></li> <li class="submenu"><a><span>Letters of Paul</span></a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 88px; height: 211px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 86px; height: 209px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 85px; height: 208px;"> <li><a href="romans.html">Romans</a></li> <li><a href="1corinthians.html">1 Corinthians</a></li> <li><a href="2corinthians.html">2 Corinthians</a></li> <li><a href="galatians.html">Galatians</a></li> <li><a href="ephesians.html">Ephesians</a></li> <li><a href="philippians.html">Philippians</a></li> <li><a href="colossians.html">Colossians</a></li> <li><a href="1thessalonians.html">1 Thessalonians</a></li> <li><a href="2thessalonians.html">2 Thessalonians</a></li> <li><a href="1timothy.html">1 Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="2timothy.html">2 Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="titus.html">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="philemon.html">Philemon</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="hebrews.html"><span>Letter to the Hebrews</span></a></li> <li class="submenu"><a><span>General Letters</span></a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 51px; height: 115px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 49px; height: 113px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 48px; height: 112px;"> <li><a href="james.html">James</a></li> <li><a href="1peter.html">1 Peter</a></li> <li><a href="2peter.html">2 Peter</a></li> <li><a href="1john.html">1 John</a></li> <li><a href="2john.html">2 John</a></li> <li><a href="3john.html">3 John</a></li> <li><a href="jude.html">Jude</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="revelation.html"><span>Revelation</span></a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="topli" style="left: 87px; width: 62px; height: 29px;"><a href="apocrypha.html"><img src="pic/spacer.gif" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 62px; height: 29px; border: 0px;" alt="Apocrypha"></a> <ul class="topul" style="width: 133px; height: 115px;"> <div class="topdiv1" style="width: 131px; height: 113px;"><div class="topdiv2" style="width: 130px; height: 112px;"> <li class="submenu"><a>Gospels</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 131px; height: 163px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 129px; height: 161px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 128px; height: 160px;"> <li><a href="thomas.html">Gospel of Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="egerton.html">Egerton Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="gospelpeter.html">Gospel of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="oxyrhynchus840.html">Oxyrhynchus 840</a></li> <li><a href="gospelmary.html">Gospel of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="apostolorum.html">Epistula Apostolorum</a></li> <li><a href="infancyjames.html">Infancy Gospel of James</a></li> <li><a href="infancythomas.html">Infancy Gospel of Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="actspilate.html">Acts of Pilate</a></li> <li><a href="diatessaron.html">Diatessaron</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Gospel Fragments</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 156px; height: 131px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 154px; height: 129px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 153px; height: 128px;"> <li><a href="oxyrhynchus1224.html">Oxyrhynchus 1224</a></li> <li><a href="secretmark.html">Fayyum Fragment</a></li> <li><a href="gospelegyptians.html">Gospel of the Egyptians</a></li> <li><a href="gospelhebrews.html">Gospel of the Hebrews</a></li> <li><a href="gospelebionites.html">Gospel of the Ebionites</a></li> <li><a href="gospelnazoreans.html">Gospel of the Nazoreans</a></li> <li><a href="traditionsmatthias.html">Traditions of Matthias</a></li> <li><a href="dura.html">Dura-Europos Gospel Harmony</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Apostolic Acts</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 158px; height: 131px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 156px; height: 129px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 155px; height: 128px;"> <li><a href="preachingpeter.html">Preaching of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="actspeter.html">Acts of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="actsjohn.html">Acts of John</a></li> <li><a href="actspaul.html">Acts of Paul</a></li> <li><a href="actsandrew.html">Acts of Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="actspetertwelve.html">Acts of Peter and the Twelve</a></li> <li><a href="contender.html">Book of Thomas the Contender</a></li> <li><a href="actsthomas.html">Acts of Thomas</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Martyrologies</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 203px; height: 115px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 201px; height: 113px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 200px; height: 112px;"> <li><a href="martyrdompolycarp.html">Martyrdom of Polycarp</a></li> <li><a href="esra.html">Fifth and Sixth Books of Esra</a></li> <li><a href="carpus.html">Acts of Carpus, Papylus, and Agathonice</a></li> <li><a href="viennalyons.html">Letter from Vienna and Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="scillitan.html">Passion of the Scillitan Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="actsapollonius-2.html">Acts of Apollonius</a></li> <li><a href="actsperpetua.html">Acts of Perpetua and Felicitas</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="didache.html">Didache</a></li> <li><a href="apocalypsepeter.html">Apocalypse of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="didascalia.html">Didascalia</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="topli" style="left: 149px; width: 52px; height: 29px;"><a href="gnostics.html"><img src="pic/spacer.gif" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 52px; height: 29px; border: 0px;" alt="Gnostics"></a> <ul class="topul" style="width: 133px; height: 99px;"> <div class="topdiv1" style="width: 131px; height: 97px;"><div class="topdiv2" style="width: 130px; height: 96px;"> <li class="submenu"><a>Dialogues with Jesus</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 116px; height: 115px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 114px; height: 113px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 113px; height: 112px;"> <li><a href="sophia.html">Sophia of Jesus Christ</a></li> <li><a href="secretjames.html">Secret James</a></li> <li><a href="gospelmary.html">Gospel of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="dialoguesavior.html">Dialogue of the Savior</a></li> <li><a href="gospelsavior.html">Gospel of the Savior</a></li> <li><a href="jeu.html">Books of Jeu</a></li> <li><a href="pistis.html">Pistis Sophia</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Apocalypses</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 138px; height: 67px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 136px; height: 65px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 135px; height: 64px;"> <li><a href="apocalypsejames2.html">2nd Apocalypse of James</a></li> <li><a href="nhlapocalypsepaul.html">Coptic Apocalypse of Paul</a></li> <li><a href="apocalypsejames1.html">1st Apocalypse of James</a></li> <li><a href="nhlapocalypsepeter.html">Coptic Apocalypse of Peter</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Acts</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 158px; height: 51px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 156px; height: 49px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 155px; height: 48px;"> <li><a href="actspetertwelve.html">Acts of Peter and the Twelve</a></li> <li><a href="contender.html">Book of Thomas the Contender</a></li> <li><a href="petertophilip.html">Letter of Peter to Philip</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>More Nag Hammadi</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 189px; height: 131px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 187px; height: 129px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 186px; height: 128px;"> <li><a href="apocryphonjohn.html">Apocryphon of John</a></li> <li><a href="gospeltruth.html">Gospel of Truth</a></li> <li><a href="treatiseres.html">Treatise on the Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="gospelphilip.html">Gospel of Philip</a></li> <li><a href="trimorphic.html">Trimorphic Protennoia</a></li> <li><a href="authoritative.html">Authoritative Teaching</a></li> <li><a href="eighthninth.html">Discourse on the Eighth and the Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="melchizedek.html">Melchizedek</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Quoted Authors</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 111px; height: 115px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 109px; height: 113px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 108px; height: 112px;"> <li><a href="basilides.html">Basilides</a></li> <li><a href="naassene.html">Naassene Fragments</a></li> <li><a href="valentinus.html">Valentinus</a></li> <li><a href="marcion.html">Marcion</a></li> <li><a href="epiphanes.html">Epiphanes</a></li> <li><a href="ophite.html">Ophite Diagrams</a></li> <li><a href="gospeljudas.html">Gospel of Judas</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>More Quoted Authors</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 111px; height: 99px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 109px; height: 97px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 108px; height: 96px;"> <li><a href="ptolemy.html">Ptolemy</a></li> <li><a href="isidore.html">Isidore</a></li> <li><a href="theodotus.html">Theodotus</a></li> <li><a href="heracleon.html">Heracleon</a></li> <li><a href="apelles.html">Apelles</a></li> <li><a href="cassianus.html">Julius Cassianus</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="topli" style="left: 201px; width: 85px; height: 29px;"><a href="churchfathers.html"><img src="pic/spacer.gif" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 85px; height: 29px; border: 0px;" alt="Church Fathers"></a> <ul class="topul" style="width: 133px; height: 147px;"> <div class="topdiv1" style="width: 131px; height: 145px;"><div class="topdiv2" style="width: 130px; height: 144px;"> <li class="submenu"><a>Apostolic Fathers</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 163px; height: 147px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 161px; height: 145px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 160px; height: 144px;"> <li><a href="didache.html">Didache</a></li> <li><a href="barnabas.html">Epistle of Barnabas</a></li> <li><a href="1clement.html">First Clement</a></li> <li><a href="shepherd.html">Shepherd of Hermas</a></li> <li><a href="ignatius.html">Ignatius of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="polycarp.html">Polycarp to the Philippians</a></li> <li><a href="2clement.html">Second Clement</a></li> <li><a href="diognetus.html">Epistle of Mathetes to Diognetus</a></li> <li><a href="martyrdompolycarp.html">Martyrdom of Polycarp</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Apologists</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 120px; height: 99px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 118px; height: 97px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 117px; height: 96px;"> <li><a href="aristides.html">Aristides</a></li> <li><a href="justin.html">Justin Martyr</a></li> <li><a href="tatian.html">Tatian</a></li> <li><a href="octavius.html">Minucius Felix</a></li> <li><a href="athenagoras.html">Athenagoras of Athens</a></li> <li><a href="theophilus.html">Theophilus of Antioch</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Quoted Authors</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 123px; height: 147px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 121px; height: 145px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 120px; height: 144px;"> <li><a href="papias.html">Papias</a></li> <li><a href="quadratus.html">Quadratus</a></li> <li><a href="aristo.html">Aristo of Pella</a></li> <li><a href="apollinaris.html">Claudius Apollinaris</a></li> <li><a href="melito.html">Melito of Sardis</a></li> <li><a href="hegesippus.html">Hegesippus</a></li> <li><a href="dionysius.html">Dionysius of Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="rhodon.html">Rhodon</a></li> <li><a href="theophiluscaesarea.html">Theophilus of Caesarea</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>More Quoted Authors</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 136px; height: 147px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 134px; height: 145px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 133px; height: 144px;"> <li><a href="bardesanes.html">Bardesanes</a></li> <li><a href="maximus.html">Maximus of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="polycrates.html">Polycrates of Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="victor.html">Victor I</a></li> <li><a href="pantaenus.html">Pantaenus</a></li> <li><a href="antimontanist.html">Anonymous Anti-Montanist</a></li> <li><a href="serapion.html">Serapion of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="apollonius.html">Apollonius</a></li> <li><a href="caius.html">Caius</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="irenaeus.html">Irenaeus of Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="hippolytus.html">Hippolytus of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="clement.html">Clement of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="tertullian.html">Tertullian</a></li> <li><a href="origen.html">Origen</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="topli" style="left: 286px; width: 41px; height: 29px;"><a href="other.html"><img src="pic/spacer.gif" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 85px; height: 29px; border: 0px;" alt="Other"></a> <ul class="topul" style="width: 133px; height: 115px;"> <div class="topdiv1" style="width: 131px; height: 113px;"><div class="topdiv2" style="width: 130px; height: 112px;"> <li class="submenu"><a>Pagan and Jewish</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 105px; height: 195px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 103px; height: 193px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 102px; height: 192px;"> <li><a href="mara.html">Mara bar Serapion</a></li> <li><a href="josephus.html">Josephus</a></li> <li><a href="pliny.html">Pliny the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="suetonius.html">Suetonius</a></li> <li><a href="tacitus.html">Tacitus</a></li> <li><a href="fronto.html">Fronto</a></li> <li><a href="lucian.html">Lucian of Samosata</a></li> <li><a href="aurelius.html">Marcus Aurelius</a></li> <li><a href="galen.html">Galen</a></li> <li><a href="celsus.html">Celsus</a></li> <li><a href="talmud.html">Talmud</a></li> <li><a href="philostratus.html">Philostratus</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Jewish/Christian</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 117px; height: 83px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 115px; height: 81px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 114px; height: 80px;"> <li><a href="patriarchs.html">The Twelve Patriarchs</a></li> <li><a href="sibylline.html">Non-Pagan Sibyllines</a></li> <li><a href="odes.html">Odes of Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="elchasai.html">Book of Elchasai</a></li> <li><a href="ascension.html">Ascension of Isaiah</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Hypothesized Sources</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 117px; height: 51px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 115px; height: 49px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 114px; height: 48px;"> <li><a href="passion.html">Passion Narrative</a></li> <li><a href="q.html">Sayings Gospel Q</a></li> <li><a href="signs.html">Signs Gospel</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="antimarcion.html">Anti-Marcionite Prologues</a></li> <li><a href="muratorian.html">Muratorian Canon</a></li> <li><a href="kerygmatapetrou.html">Kerygmata Petrou</a></li> <li><a href="abercius.html">Inscription of Abercias</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> </ul> </div><![if !IE]><script language="JavaScript">  </script>   <script language="JavaScript"> var zflag_nid="305"; var zflag_cid="39404/39401/1"; var zflag_sid="4519"; var zflag_width="1"; var zflag_height="1"; var zflag_sz="15"; var zflag_click="[INSERT_CLICK_TRACKER_MACRO]"; </script> <script language="JavaScript" src="http://c5.zedo.com/jsc/c5/fo.js"></script>  </body> </html>