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href="/wiki/File:Winifred_Coombe_Tennant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/77/Winifred_Coombe_Tennant.jpg/220px-Winifred_Coombe_Tennant.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/77/Winifred_Coombe_Tennant.jpg/330px-Winifred_Coombe_Tennant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/77/Winifred_Coombe_Tennant.jpg/440px-Winifred_Coombe_Tennant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="588" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Winifred_Coombe_Tennant" title="Winifred Coombe Tennant">Winifred Coombe Tennant</a>, a medium involved in the cross-correspondences.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>cross-correspondences</b> refers to a series of <a href="/wiki/Automatic_writing" title="Automatic writing">automatic scripts</a> and trance utterances from a group of automatic writers and <a href="/wiki/Mediumship" title="Mediumship">mediums</a>, involving members of the <a href="/wiki/Society_for_Psychical_Research" title="Society for Psychical Research">Society for Psychical Research</a> (SPR). According to psychical researchers the correspondences when put together convey intelligible messages either from spirits of the dead or <a href="/wiki/Telepathy" title="Telepathy">telepathy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Edmunds_1966_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edmunds_1966-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Booth_1986_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Booth_1986-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Skepticism" title="Skepticism">Sceptics</a> have stated that the correspondences can be explained by <a href="/wiki/Randomness" title="Randomness">chance</a> or self-<a href="/wiki/Delusion" title="Delusion">delusion</a> and is a case of researchers looking for <a href="/wiki/Apophenia" title="Apophenia">connections in random or meaningless data</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Booth_1986_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Booth_1986-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tanner_1910_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tanner_1910-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tuckett_1911_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tuckett_1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cross-correspondences&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mary Catherine Lyttleton, known as May, fell in love<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (September 2021)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Cross-correspondences#Dubious" title="Talk:Cross-correspondences">discuss</a></i>]</sup> with <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Arthur Balfour</a>, Member of Parliament and future Prime Minister, in 1874, but fell ill and died on <a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a>, 21 March 1875, before Balfour could declare his intent. According to the SPR, in the next 30 years thousands of fragmentary messages from numerous mediums, when considered as a whole, seem to indicate Lyttleton was trying to communicate with Balfour, aided by members of the SPR <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Gurney" title="Edmund Gurney">Edmund Gurney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Sidgwick" title="Henry Sidgwick">Henry Sidgwick</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frederic_W._H._Myers" title="Frederic W. H. Myers">Frederic W. H. Myers</a>. </p><p>In 1891, Myers wrote a message on a piece of paper then sealed it in an envelope. Myers gave the envelope to <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Lodge" title="Oliver Lodge">Oliver Lodge</a> with instructions to open it before witnesses after his death if the message from the paper should be received through a medium.<sup id="cite_ref-Blackley_1986_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blackley_1986-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Myers died in 1901, and various mediums were organised into concurrent sittings at locations very far apart, and notes were made of the words and phrases, and the <a href="/wiki/Automatic_writing" title="Automatic writing">automatic writings</a> thus obtained. The messages were unintelligible individually and to individual mediums, but over a long period and many seances, it was claimed by the SPR that there was purpose in the correspondences, indicating an intelligent entity was behind them. The principal recipients of the messages included Mrs <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Verrall" title="Margaret Verrall">Margaret Verrall</a> and her daughter Helen; Mrs <a href="/wiki/Winifred_Coombe_Tennant" title="Winifred Coombe Tennant">Winifred Coombe Tennant</a>, who practised as a medium under the name "Mrs Willett" and Mrs Alice Fleming, sister of <a href="/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling" title="Rudyard Kipling">Rudyard Kipling</a>, who practised as "Mrs Holland".<sup id="cite_ref-Edmunds_1966_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edmunds_1966-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was alleged Myer's spirit communicated through Mrs Verrall on 13 July 1904 by producing a manuscript which made reference to Myers' message. When the manuscript was examined the message was incorrect and it also referred to the place where the envelope was kept which was completely wrong. On 13 December 1904, Oliver Lodge arranged a meeting for members for the <a href="/wiki/Society_for_Psychical_Research" title="Society for Psychical Research">Society for Psychical Research</a>. The contents of the envelope were made known to those present. A report was published by the Society's journal in 1905 which stated, "It has, then, to be reported that this one experiment has completely failed and it cannot be denied that the failure is disappointing."<sup id="cite_ref-Blackley_1986_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blackley_1986-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other mediums involved in cross-correspondences have included <a href="/wiki/Mina_Crandon" title="Mina Crandon">Mina Crandon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leonora_Piper" title="Leonora Piper">Leonora Piper</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Valiantine" title="George Valiantine">George Valiantine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both Crandon and Valiantine were exposed as frauds.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Critical_reception">Critical reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cross-correspondences&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Critical reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The psychologist <a href="/wiki/Amy_Tanner" title="Amy Tanner">Amy Tanner</a> examined the cross-correspondences in detail. Tanner noted that whilst the cross-correspondences were taking place, the SPR allowed Mrs Verrall and her daughter to frequent sittings with Mrs Piper and this was a possible source of <a href="/wiki/Sensory_leakage" title="Sensory leakage">sensory leakage</a>. She concluded that the psychical researchers had not taken into account the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_ideas" title="Association of ideas">association of ideas</a>, ignored the similarity between <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and had used any interpretation to make a meaning out of the words.<sup id="cite_ref-Tanner_1910_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tanner_1910-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The psychical researcher <a href="/wiki/Eric_Dingwall" title="Eric Dingwall">Eric Dingwall</a> wrote that the Society for Psychical Research refused outside investigation with relation to the cross-correspondences and researchers not connected with the case could not examine the original documents. The identity of some of the mediums was kept secret and the public was only permitted to know who Mrs. Willett was after she had died.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Edward_Clodd" title="Edward Clodd">Edward Clodd</a> wrote that the explanation for the cross-correspondences was the subconscious mind of the medium not spirits. According to Clodd many of the messages were "inconsequential rubbish". Mrs Verrall was a well-educated <a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">classicist</a> who had studied Latin and Greek with her husband. Clodd suggested that Mrs Willet had communicated with Verrall and looked up references in classical lore.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Lloyd_Tuckett" title="Ivor Lloyd Tuckett">Ivor Lloyd Tuckett</a> noted that "in practically every cross-correspondence, there is vagueness and incorrectness of detail, allowing plenty of room for biased interpretation."<sup id="cite_ref-Tuckett_1911_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tuckett_1911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Criticism of the cross-correspondences also came from the psychiatrist <a href="/wiki/Charles_Arthur_Mercier" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Arthur Mercier">Charles Arthur Mercier</a>. He studied two cases and noted they could "be twisted into any appearance of referring to the same thing, or of emanating from the same source."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1986, the magician <a href="/wiki/John_Booth_(magician)" title="John Booth (magician)">John Booth</a> who examined the cross-correspondences suggested that they could be explained by <a href="/wiki/Randomness" title="Randomness">chance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Law_of_averages" title="Law of averages">law of averages</a>, deliberate <a href="/wiki/Fraud" title="Fraud">fraud</a> or self-<a href="/wiki/Delusion" title="Delusion">delusion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Booth_1986_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Booth_1986-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Author <a href="/wiki/John_Grant_(author)" title="John Grant (author)">John Grant</a> commenting in 2015 did not find the cross-correspondences as reliable evidence for an afterlife, and warned readers of falling into the trap of "intellectual <a href="/wiki/Pareidolia" title="Pareidolia">pareidolia</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cross-correspondences&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Edmunds_1966-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Edmunds_1966_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Edmunds_1966_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Edmunds, Simeon. (1966). <i>Spiritualism: A Critical Survey</i>. Aquarian Press. pp. 178-180. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0850300130" title="Special:BookSources/978-0850300130">978-0850300130</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Booth_1986-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Booth_1986_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Booth_1986_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Booth_1986_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Booth_(magician)" title="John Booth (magician)">Booth, John</a>. (1986). <i>Psychic Paradoxes</i>. Prometheus Books. pp. 170-178. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87975-358-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87975-358-7">0-87975-358-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tanner_1910-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tanner_1910_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tanner_1910_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Amy_Tanner" title="Amy Tanner">Tanner, Amy</a>. (1910). <i>Studies in Spiritism</i>. With an Introduction by <a href="/wiki/G._Stanley_Hall" title="G. Stanley Hall">G. Stanley Hall</a>. D. Appleton and Company. pp. 142-144. pp. 390 -394</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tuckett_1911-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tuckett_1911_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tuckett_1911_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Lloyd_Tuckett" title="Ivor Lloyd Tuckett">Tuckett, Ivor Lloyd</a>. (1911). <i>The Evidence for the Supernatural: A Critical Study Made with "Uncommon Sense"</i>. K. Paul, Trench, Trübner. pp. 380-383</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Massimo_Polidoro" title="Massimo Polidoro">Polidoro, Massimo</a>. (2003). <i>The Lost Messiah: Secrets on Psychical Research Emerge form a Stack of Forgotten Documents</i>. <i>Skeptical Inquirer</i>. Vol. 27, n. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blackley_1986-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Blackley_1986_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blackley_1986_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Blackley, S. Ramsay. (1986). <i>As In Adam All Die</i>. The Book Guild. pp. 94-96. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0863321344" title="Special:BookSources/978-0863321344">978-0863321344</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeddoe,_Deirdre" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Beddoe, Deirdre. "Tennant, Winifred Margaret Coombe". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F70091">10.1093/ref:odnb/70091</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tennant%2C+Winifred+Margaret+Coombe&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F70091&rft.au=Beddoe%2C+Deirdre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACross-correspondences" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3403801225.html">"Cross-Correspondences"</a>. Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edmunds, Simeon. (1966). <i>Spiritualism: A Critical Survey</i>. Aquarian Press. pp. 112-113. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0850300130" title="Special:BookSources/978-0850300130">978-0850300130</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Dingwall" title="Eric Dingwall">Dingwall, Eric</a>. (1985). <i>The Need for Responsibility in Parapsychology: My Sixty Years in Psychical Research</i>. In <i>A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology</i>. Prometheus Books. pp. 161-174</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Clodd" title="Edward Clodd">Clodd, Edward</a>. (1917). <i>The Question: A Brief History and Examination of Modern Spiritualism</i>. Grant Richards, London. pp. 242-249</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Arthur_Mercier" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Arthur Mercier">Mercier, Charles Arthur</a>. (1917). <i>Spiritualism and Sir Oliver Lodge</i>. London: Mental Culture Enterprise. pp. 110-112</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Grant_(author)" title="John Grant (author)">Grant, John</a>. (2015). <i>Spooky Science: Debunking the Pseudoscience of the Afterlife</i>. Sterling Publishing. pp. 24-26. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4549-1654-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4549-1654-3">978-1-4549-1654-3</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cross-correspondences&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_McCabe" title="Joseph McCabe">McCabe, Joseph</a>. (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/spiritualismpopu00mccarich#page/n5/mode/2up"><i>Spiritualism: A Popular History From 1847</i></a>. Dodd, Mead and Company.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Clodd" title="Edward Clodd">Clodd, Edward</a>. (1917). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/questionifmandie00cloduoft#page/n5/mode/2up"><i>The Question: A Brief History and Examination of Modern Spiritualism</i></a>. Grant Richards, London.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton2009" class="citation book cs1">Hamilton, Trevor (2009). "The Legacy of Myers". <i>Immortal Longings: F.W.H. Myers and the Victorian Search for Life After Death</i>. Imprint Academic. pp. 292–301. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84540-248-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84540-248-8"><bdi>978-1-84540-248-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Legacy+of+Myers&rft.btitle=Immortal+Longings%3A+F.W.H.+Myers+and+the+Victorian+Search+for+Life+After+Death&rft.pages=292-301&rft.pub=Imprint+Academic&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-84540-248-8&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACross-correspondences" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Mann, Walter. (1919). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/folliesfraudsofs00manniala#page/n3/mode/2up"><i>The Follies and Frauds of Spiritualism</i></a>. Rationalist Association. London: Watts & Co.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMercier1917" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Arthur_Mercier" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Arthur Mercier">Mercier, Charles Arthur</a> (1917). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/spiritualismsiro00mercuoft#page/110/mode/2up">"Cross-Correspondences with Mediums"</a>. <i>Spiritualism and Sir Oliver Lodge</i>. London: Mental Culture Enterprise.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cross-Correspondences+with+Mediums&rft.btitle=Spiritualism+and+Sir+Oliver+Lodge&rft.pub=London%3A+Mental+Culture+Enterprise&rft.date=1917&rft.aulast=Mercier&rft.aufirst=Charles+Arthur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fspiritualismsiro00mercuoft%23page%2F110%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACross-correspondences" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Moreman, Christopher (2003). <i>A Re-examination of The Possibility of Chance Coincidence as an Alternative Explanation for Mediumistic Communication in the Cross-Correspondences</i>. Journal of the Society for Psychical Research 67: 225-242.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgess_McHargue" title="Georgess McHargue">McHargue, Georgess</a>. (1972). <i>Facts, Frauds, and Phantasms: A Survey of the Spiritualist Movement</i>. Doubleday.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOppenheim1988" class="citation book cs1">Oppenheim, Janet (1988). <i>The Other World: Spiritualism and Psychical Research in England, 1850-1914</i>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 132–133. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-34767-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-34767-X"><bdi>0-521-34767-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Other+World%3A+Spiritualism+and+Psychical+Research+in+England%2C+1850-1914&rft.pages=132-133&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-521-34767-X&rft.aulast=Oppenheim&rft.aufirst=Janet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACross-correspondences" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Podmore" title="Frank Podmore">Podmore, Frank</a>. (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/newerspiritualis00podmrich#page/n5/mode/2up"><i>The Newer Spiritualism</i></a>. Henry Holt and Company.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massimo_Polidoro" title="Massimo Polidoro">Polidoro, Massimo</a>. (2003). <i>Secrets of the Psychics: Investigating Paranormal Claims</i>. Prometheus Books.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Tanner" title="Amy Tanner">Tanner, Amy</a>. (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/studiesinspiriti00tannrich#page/n7/mode/2up"><i>Studies in Spiritism</i></a>. With an Introduction by <a href="/wiki/G._Stanley_Hall" title="G. Stanley Hall">G. Stanley Hall</a>. D. Appleton and Company.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Lloyd_Tuckett" title="Ivor Lloyd Tuckett">Tuckett, Ivor Lloyd</a>. (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/evidenceforsuper00tuckrich#page/n5/mode/2up"><i>The Evidence for the Supernatural: A Critical Study Made with "Uncommon Sense"</i></a>. K. Paul, Trench, Trübner.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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(movement)">Spiritualism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kardecist_spiritism" title="Kardecist spiritism">spiritism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History and beliefs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apport_(paranormal)" title="Apport (paranormal)">Apport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_writing" title="Automatic writing">Automatic writing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Correspondences" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Correspondences">Cross-Correspondences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ectoplasm_(paranormal)" title="Ectoplasm (paranormal)">Ectoplasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_healing" title="Faith healing">Faith healing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Materialization_(paranormal)" title="Materialization (paranormal)">Materialization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediumship" title="Mediumship">Mediumship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9ance" title="Séance">Séance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_guide" title="Spirit guide">Spirit guides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_healing" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiritual healing">Spiritual healing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obsession_(Spiritism)" title="Obsession (Spiritism)">Spirit obsession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_photography" title="Spirit photography">Spirit photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_possession" title="Spirit possession">Spirit possession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_world_(Spiritualism)" title="Spirit world (Spiritualism)">Spirit world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table-turning" title="Table-turning">Table-turning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theism" title="Theism">Theism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spiritualists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Acorah" title="Derek Acorah">Derek Acorah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Altea" title="Rosemary Altea">Rosemary Altea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Aykroyd" title="Dan Aykroyd">Dan Aykroyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bailey_(medium)" title="Charles Bailey (medium)">Charles Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangs_Sisters" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangs Sisters">Bangs Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ada_Besinnet" title="Ada Besinnet">Ada Besinnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_E._Braude" title="Stephen E. Braude">Stephen E. Braude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Breeze" title="William Breeze">William Breeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Brown_(spiritualist)" title="Rosemary Brown (spiritualist)">Rosemary Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Browne" title="Sylvia Browne">Sylvia Browne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Carri%C3%A8re" title="Eva Carrière">Eva Carrière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Collins" title="Doris Collins">Doris Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Cook_(medium)" title="Florence Cook (medium)">Florence Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mina_Crandon" title="Mina Crandon">Mina Crandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Crookes" title="William Crookes">William Crookes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Cummins" title="Geraldine Cummins">Geraldine Cummins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patience_Worth" title="Patience Worth">Pearl Curran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Decker_(medium)" title="Frank Decker (medium)">Frank Decker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle" title="Arthur Conan Doyle">Arthur Conan Doyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Duncan" title="Helen Duncan">Helen Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddy_Brothers" title="Eddy Brothers">Eddy Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Edwards_(healer)" title="Harry Edwards (healer)">Harry Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edward" title="John Edward">John Edward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Eglinton" title="William Eglinton">William Eglinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Evans_(medium)" title="Colin Evans (medium)">Colin Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_sisters" title="Fox sisters">Fox sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Flint" title="Leslie Flint">Leslie Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ford_(psychic)" title="Arthur Ford (psychic)">Arthur Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Fry" title="Colin Fry">Colin Fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_J._Garrett" title="Eileen J. Garrett">Eileen Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Goligher" title="Kathleen Goligher">Kathleen Goligher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Goold" title="Rita Goold">Rita Goold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Guzyk" title="Jan Guzyk">Jan Guzyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hare_(chemist)" title="Robert Hare (chemist)">Robert Hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Harris" title="Alec Harris">Alec Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Higginson_(medium)" title="Gordon Higginson (medium)">Gordon Higginson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hodgson_(parapsychologist)" title="Richard Hodgson (parapsychologist)">Richard Hodgson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Dunglas_Home" title="Daniel Dunglas Home">Daniel Dunglas Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mme._d%27Esperance" title="Mme. d'Esperance">Elizabeth Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hope_(paranormal_investigator)" title="William Hope (paranormal investigator)">William Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_O%27Delia_Diss_Debar" title="Ann O'Delia Diss Debar">Swami Laura Horos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Husk" title="Cecil Husk">Cecil Husk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Hyslop" title="James H. Hyslop">James H. Hyslop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Kardec" title="Allan Kardec">Allan Kardec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franek_Kluski" title="Franek Kluski">Franek Kluski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladys_Osborne_Leonard" title="Gladys Osborne Leonard">Gladys Osborne Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Lodge" title="Oliver Lodge">Oliver Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Melzer" title="Heinrich Melzer">Heinrich Melzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmine_Mirabelli" title="Carmine Mirabelli">Carmine Mirabelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ward_Monck" title="Francis Ward Monck">Francis Ward Monck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Usborne_Moore" title="William Usborne Moore">William Usborne Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorin_Morgan-Richards" title="Lorin Morgan-Richards">Lorin Morgan-Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stainton_Moses" title="William Stainton Moses">William Stainton Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einer_Nielsen" title="Einer Nielsen">Einer Nielsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusapia_Palladino" title="Eusapia Palladino">Eusapia Palladino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonora_Piper" title="Leonora Piper">Leonora Piper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Post-Parrish" title="Ethel Post-Parrish">Ethel Post-Parrish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Van_Praagh" title="James Van Praagh">James Van Praagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Reese" title="Bert Reese">Bert Reese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estelle_Roberts" title="Estelle Roberts">Estelle Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Roberts" title="Jane Roberts">Jane Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Roy_(medium)" title="William Roy (medium)">William Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudi_Schneider" title="Rudi Schneider">Rudi Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Silbert" title="Maria Silbert">Maria Silbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Slade_(medium)" title="Henry Slade (medium)">Henry Slade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Stokes" title="Doris Stokes">Doris Stokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Swedenborg" title="Emanuel Swedenborg">Emanuel Swedenborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosina_Thompson" title="Rosina Thompson">Rosina Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82awa_Tomczyk" title="Stanisława Tomczyk">Stanisława Tomczyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ena_Twigg" title="Ena Twigg">Ena Twigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Valiantine" title="George Valiantine">George Valiantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Webber" title="Jack Webber">Jack Webber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etta_Wriedt" title="Etta Wriedt">Etta Wriedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chico_Xavier" title="Chico Xavier">Chico Xavier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spiritualist_organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Spiritualist organizations">List of Spiritualist organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualist_church" title="Spiritualist church">Spiritualist churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritist_centre" title="Spiritist centre">Spiritist centres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Spiritualist_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="London Spiritualist Alliance">London Spiritualist Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Spiritualist_Association_of_Churches" title="National Spiritualist Association of Churches">National Spiritualist Association of Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualists%27_National_Union" title="Spiritualists' National Union">Spiritualists' National Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualist_Association_of_Great_Britain" title="Spiritualist Association of Great Britain">Spiritualist Association of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_church_movement" title="Spiritual church movement">Spiritual church movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Findlay_College" title="Arthur Findlay College">Arthur Findlay College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Spiritualist_Federation" title="International Spiritualist Federation">International Spiritualist Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Skeptics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Abbott_(magician)" title="David Abbott (magician)">David Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Anderson" title="John Henry Anderson">John Henry Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Miller_Beard" title="George Miller Beard">George Miller Beard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Brandon" title="Ruth Brandon">Ruth Brandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._H._Branson" title="L. H. Branson">Lionel Branson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derren_Brown" title="Derren Brown">Derren Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Benjamin_Carpenter" title="William Benjamin Carpenter">William Carpenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milbourne_Christopher" title="Milbourne Christopher">Milbourne Christopher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Clodd" title="Edward Clodd">Edward Clodd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Smith_Conklin" title="Edmund Smith Conklin">Edmund Smith Conklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millais_Culpin" title="Millais Culpin">Millais Culpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Cumberland" title="Stuart Cumberland">Stuart Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Dingwall" title="Eric Dingwall">Eric Dingwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dunninger" title="Joseph Dunninger">Joseph Dunninger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_R._Evans" title="Henry R. Evans">Henry Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_French" title="Chris French">Chris French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gardner" title="Martin Gardner">Martin Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Stanley_Hall" title="G. Stanley Hall">G. Stanley Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevor_H._Hall" title="Trevor H. Hall">Trevor H. Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Hammond" title="William A. Hammond">William A. Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._E._M._Hansel" title="C. E. M. Hansel">C. E. M. Hansel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Heredia" title="Carlos María de Heredia">Carlos María de Heredia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Hertz" title="Carl Hertz">Carl Hertz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terence_Hines" title="Terence Hines">Terence Hines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Houdini" title="Harry Houdini">Harry Houdini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Jastrow" title="Joseph Jastrow">Joseph Jastrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_LeFevre_Krebs" title="Stanley LeFevre Krebs">Stanley LeFevre Krebs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Mackenberg" title="Rose Mackenberg">Rose Mackenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Marks_(psychologist)" title="David Marks (psychologist)">David Marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nevil_Maskelyne" title="John Nevil Maskelyne">John Nevil Maskelyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Maudsley" title="Henry Maudsley">Henry Maudsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_McCabe" title="Joseph McCabe">Joseph McCabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_C._McComas" title="Henry C. McComas">Henry C. McComas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgess_McHargue" title="Georgess McHargue">Georgess McHargue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Arthur_Mercier" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Arthur Mercier">Charles Arthur Mercier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Moll_(German_psychiatrist)" title="Albert Moll (German psychiatrist)">Albert Moll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mulholland_(magician)" title="John Mulholland (magician)">John Mulholland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_Oursler" title="Fulton Oursler">Fulton Oursler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Nickell" title="Joe Nickell">Joe Nickell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Clephan_Palmer" title="E. Clephan Palmer">E. Clephan Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Pearsall" title="Ronald Pearsall">Ronald Pearsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Podmore" title="Frank Podmore">Frank Podmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massimo_Polidoro" title="Massimo Polidoro">Massimo Polidoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Price" title="Harry Price">Harry Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julien_J._Proskauer" title="Julien J. Proskauer">Julien J. Proskauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Randi" title="James Randi">James Randi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Psychology_of_the_Occult" title="The Psychology of the Occult">Donovan Rawcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Rinn" title="Joseph F. Rinn">Joseph F. Rinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._E._Bechhofer_Roberts" title="C. E. Bechhofer Roberts">C. E. Bechhofer Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chung_Ling_Soo" title="Chung Ling Soo">Chung Ling Soo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Stein" title="Gordon Stein">Gordon Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Tanner" title="Amy Tanner">Amy Tanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Lloyd_Tuckett" title="Ivor Lloyd Tuckett">Ivor Lloyd Tuckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Forbes_Winslow" title="L. 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