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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_coal_pulverizers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_coal_pulverizers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Types of coal pulverizers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types_of_coal_pulverizers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Types of coal pulverizers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Types_of_coal_pulverizers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Low_speed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Low_speed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Low speed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Low_speed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ball_and_tube_mills" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ball_and_tube_mills"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Ball and tube mills</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ball_and_tube_mills-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mill_construction_details" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mill_construction_details"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Mill construction details</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mill_construction_details-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Operation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medium_speed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medium_speed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Medium speed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medium_speed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ring_and_ball_mill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ring_and_ball_mill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Ring and ball mill</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ring_and_ball_mill-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vertical_spindle_roller_mill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vertical_spindle_roller_mill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Vertical spindle roller mill</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vertical_spindle_roller_mill-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bowl_mill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bowl_mill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Bowl mill</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bowl_mill-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-High_speed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High_speed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>High speed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High_speed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Attrition_mill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attrition_mill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1</span> <span>Attrition mill</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attrition_mill-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beater_wheel_mill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beater_wheel_mill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Beater wheel mill</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beater_wheel_mill-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hammer_mill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hammer_mill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hammer mill</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hammer_mill-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demolition_pulverizer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demolition_pulverizer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demolition pulverizer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demolition_pulverizer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the G.I. Joe vehicle, see <a href="/wiki/Pulverizer_(G.I._Joe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulverizer (G.I. Joe)">Pulverizer (G.I. Joe)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Pulverizer" title="Special:EditPage/Pulverizer">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Pulverizer%22">"Pulverizer"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Pulverizer%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Pulverizer%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Pulverizer%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Pulverizer%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Pulverizer%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>pulverizer</b> or <b>grinder</b> or <b>flour mill</b> is a mechanical device for the grinding of many different types of materials. For example, a pulverizer mill is used to <a href="/wiki/Pulverized_coal-fired_boiler" title="Pulverized coal-fired boiler">pulverize coal</a> for <a href="/wiki/Combustion" title="Combustion">combustion</a> in the steam-generating furnaces of <a href="/wiki/Coal-fired_power_station" title="Coal-fired power station">coal power plants</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_coal_pulverizers">Types of coal pulverizers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Types of coal pulverizers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coal pulverizers may be classified by speed, as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-CPMT-GS_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPMT-GS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Low Speed</li> <li>Medium Speed</li> <li>High Speed</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Low_speed">Low speed</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Low speed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ball_and_tube_mills">Ball and tube mills</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ball and tube mills"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A ball mill is a pulverizer that consists of a horizontal rotating cylinder, up to three diameters in length, containing a charge of tumbling or cascading steel balls, pebbles, or rods. </p><p>A tube mill is a revolving cylinder of up to five diameters in length used for fine pulverization of <a href="/wiki/Ore" title="Ore">ore</a>, rock, and other such materials; the material, mixed with water, is fed into the chamber from one end, and passes out the other end as a <a href="/wiki/Slurry" title="Slurry">slurry</a>. </p><p>Both types of mill include liners that protect the cylindrical structure of the mill from wear. Thus the main wear parts in these mills are the balls themselves, and the liners. The balls are simply "consumed" by the wear process and must be re-stocked, whereas the liners must be periodically replaced. </p><p>The ball and tube mills are low-speed machines that grind the coal with steel balls in a rotating horizontal cylinder. Due to its shape, it is called a tube mill and due to use of grinding balls for crushing, it is called a ball mill, or both terms as a ball tube mill. </p><p>These mills are also designated as an example size, BBD-4772: </p> <ul><li>B – Broyer (Name of inventor).</li> <li>B – Boulet (French word for balls).</li> <li>D – Direct firing.</li> <li>47 – Diameter of shell (in decimeters) i.e. 4.7 m diameter.</li> <li>72 – Length of shell (in decimeters) i.e. 7.2 m length.</li></ul> <p>The grinding in the ball and tube mill is produced by the rotating quantity of steel balls by their fall and lift due to tube rotation. The ball charge may occupy one third to half of the total internal volume of the shell. The significant feature incorporated in the BBD mills is its double end operation, each end catering to one elevation of a boiler. The system facilitated entry of raw coal and exit of pulverized fuel from same end simultaneously. This helps in reducing the number of installations per unit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mill_construction_details">Mill construction details</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mill construction details"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A ball tube mill may be described as a cylinder made of steel plates having separate heads or trunions attached to the ends with each trunion resting on suitable bearings for supporting the machine. The trunions are hollow to allow for the introduction of discharge of the materials undergoing reduction in size. The mill shell is lined with chilled iron, carbon steel, manganese steel, or high chrome liners attached to shell body with counter sunk bolts. These liners are made in different shapes so that the counter inside surface of the mill is suited for requirement of a particular application. </p><p>The shells are of three pieces. The intermediate shell connects to the end shells by flange joints and the total length of shell is 7.2 m. The liners are fastened to the inner side of mill shell (cylindrical part) to protect the shell from the impact of the steel balls. There are 600 liners of ten variants in each shell weighing 60.26 tonnes. The original lift value of the liners is 55 mm. and the minimum lift allowed is 20 mm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Operation">Operation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Operation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The primary air input to a ball tube mill performs a dual function. It is used for drying and as the fuel transport medium, and by regulating it the mill output is regulated. Governed by the pulverized fuel outlet temperature requirement, the cold air and hot air dampers are regulated to achieve the correct primary air temperature. In addition to raising the coal temperature inside the mill for drying and better grinding, the same air works as the transport medium to move the pulverized coal out of the mill: it travels through the annular space between the fixed trunnion tubes and the rotating hot air tube onwards to the classifier. Coal-laden air passes through double cone static classifiers, with adjustable classifier vanes, for segregation into pulverized fuel of the desired fineness, and coarse particles. The pulverised fuel continues its journey towards the coal burners for combustion. The coarse particles rejected in the classifier are returned to the mill for another cycle of grinding. </p><p>In order to avoid excess sweeping of coal from the mill, only part of the primary air, directly proportional to the boiler load demand, is passed through the mill. Furthermore, to ensure sufficient velocity of pulverized fuel to avoid settling in the pipes, an additional quantity of primary air is fed into a mixing box on the raw coal circuit. This by-pass air tapped from the primary air duct going into the mill makes an appreciable contribution to the drying of raw coal, by a flash drying effect, in addition to picking up the pulverized fuel from the mill outlet for its transportation towards the classifiers. </p><p>The tube mill output (responding to boiler load demand) is controlled by regulating the primary air-flow. This regulation, by sweeping pulverized fuel from the mill, is very fast; comparable with oil firing response, but needs the coal level to be maintained in the mill. A control circuit monitors the coal level in the mill, and controls the speed of the raw coal feeder to maintain it. Maintaining the coal level in the mill offers a built-in capacity cushion of pulverized fuel to take care of short interruptions in the raw coal circuit. </p><p>The mill is pressurized and the air-tightness is ensured by plenum chambers around the rotating trunnion filled with pressurized seal air. Bleeding seal air from plenum chamber to the mill maintains separation between pulverized fuel in the Mill and the outside atmosphere. Inadequacy or absence of seal air will allow escape of pulverized fuel into atmosphere. On the other hand, an excess of seal air leaking into mill will affect the mill outlet temperature. As such the seal air is controlled by a local control damper maintaining just sufficient differential pressure for sealing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medium_speed">Medium speed</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Medium speed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ring_and_ball_mill">Ring and ball mill</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ring and ball mill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This type of mill consists of two types of rings separated by a series of large balls, like a <a href="/wiki/Thrust_bearing" title="Thrust bearing">thrust bearing</a>. The lower ring rotates, while the upper ring presses down on the balls via a set of spring and adjuster assemblies, or pressurised rams. The material to be pulverized is introduced into the center or side of the pulverizer (depending on the design). As the lower ring rotates, the balls to orbit between the upper and lower rings, and balls roll over the bed of coal on the lower ring. The pulverized material is carried out of the mill by the flow of air moving through it. The size of the pulverized particles released from the grinding section of the mill is determined by a classifier separator. If the coal is fine enough to be picked up by the air, it is carried through the classifier. Coarser particles return to be further pulverized. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vertical_spindle_roller_mill">Vertical spindle roller mill</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Vertical spindle roller mill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Similar to the ring and ball mill, the vertical spindle roller mill uses large "tires" to crush the coal. These mills are usually found in utility plants. </p><p>Raw coal is gravity-fed through a central feed pipe to the grinding table where it flows outwardly by centrifugal action and is ground between the rollers and table. Hot primary air for drying and coal transport enters the windbox plenum underneath the grinding table and flows upward through a swirl ring having multiple sloped nozzles surrounding the grinding table. The air mixes with and dries coal in the grinding zone and carries pulverized coal particles upward into a classifier. </p><p>Fine pulverized coal exits the outlet section through multiple discharge coal pipes leading to the burners, while oversized coal particles are rejected and returned to the grinding zone for further grinding. Pyrites and extraneous dense impurity material fall through the nozzle ring and are plowed, by scraper blades attached to the grinding table, into the pyrites chamber to be removed. Mechanically, the vertical roller mill is categorized as an applied force mill. There are three grinding roller wheel assemblies in the mill grinding section, which are mounted on a loading frame via pivot point. The fixed-axis roller in each roller wheel assembly rotates on a segmentally-lined grinding table that is supported and driven by a planetary gear reducer direct-coupled to a motor. The grinding force for coal pulverization is applied by a loading frame. This frame is connected by vertical tension rods to three hydraulic cylinders secured to the mill foundation. All forces used in the pulverizing process are transmitted to the foundation via the gear reducer and loading elements. The pendulum movement of the roller wheels provides a freedom for wheels to move in a radial direction, which results in no radial loading against the mill housing during the pulverizing process. </p><p>Depending on the required coal fineness, there are two types of classifier that may be selected for a vertical roller mill. The dynamic classifier, which consists of a stationary angled inlet vane assembly surrounding a rotating vane assembly or cage, is capable of producing <a href="/wiki/Micrometre" title="Micrometre">micrometer</a>-fine pulverized coal with a narrow particle size distribution. In addition, adjusting the speed of the rotating cage can easily change the intensity of the centrifugal force field in the classification zone to achieve coal fineness control real-time to make immediate accommodation for a change in fuel or boiler load conditions. For the applications where a micrometer-fine pulverized coal is not necessary, the static classifier, which consists of a cone equipped with adjustable vanes, is an option at a lower cost since it contains no moving parts. With adequate mill grinding capacity, a vertical mill equipped with a static classifier is capable of producing a coal fineness up to 99.5% or higher <50 mesh and 80% or higher <200 mesh, while one equipped with a dynamic classifier produces coal fineness levels of 100% <100 mesh and 95% <200 mesh, or better. </p><p>In 1954 a <b>Jet Pulverizer</b> was developed in which operates like a Vertical Pulverizer only the item is pulverized by the high speed air action. For example, forcing coal against coal.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bowl_mill">Bowl mill</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bowl mill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Similar to the vertical roller mill, it also uses tires to crush coal. There are two types, a deep bowl mill, and a shallow bowl mill. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="High_speed">High speed</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: High speed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Attrition_mill">Attrition mill</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Attrition mill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The attrition mill is a device for mechanically reducing solid particle size by intense agitation of a slurry of material being milled and coarse milling media. For example, in 10 hours of milling, specific surfaces of 40 and 25 m2/g were obtained for alumina and barite, corresponding to 38 and 56 nm equivalent spherical diameter, respectively. Size reduction rates for relatively coarse particles were first-order and increased linearly with power input to the mill. Optimum milling medium concentration corresponded to medium particles moving a distance of approximately 0.7 of their diameter before collision with another such particle. Power characteristics of the attrition mill were essentially the same as those of a radial flow turbine mixer. Laminar flow became disrupted at <i>N</i>Re ≈ 200, while turbulent flow was established at <i>N</i>Re > 8000. Slurries of fine powders exhibited the same linear power-average density dependence as single-phase liquids. However, a different dependence was observed with large particles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beater_wheel_mill">Beater wheel mill</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Beater wheel mill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beater wheel mills are designed to prepare a coal powder air-fuel mixture for combustion in furnace chambers of coal-freed power plants by coal drying, pulverizing, classifying and transport. Their multipurpose function usually results in operation instability accompanied by unacceptable vibration. This usually is a significant problem due to unplanned shutdowns. Beater wheel mill maintenance program requires special attention due to operation under non-stationary conditions. The purpose of this paper was to identify pulverizing process parameter that affect the beater wheel mill vibration level and severity at the same time by using statistical principles under a wide range of operating conditions. This paper<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="what paper? (May 2019)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> intends to establish the foundations to investigate correlation of pulverizing process parameter with beater wheel mill vibration in order to set up a better <a href="/wiki/Predictive_maintenance" title="Predictive maintenance">predictive maintenance</a> program. To achieve this goal, the beater wheel mill vibration under different combinations of selected pulverizing process parameters are analyzed using statistical tools. Experiments were carried out under different conditions for two identical but separated beater wheel mills. The influence of pulverizing process parameter, such as electrical current of the driving motor, mill capacity, boiler production, coal types on mill vibration are investigated to identify the potential malfunction of beater wheel mills and their associated components for predictive maintenance purposes. The results have demonstrated that the selected pulverizing process parameters do not have significant influence on beater wheel mill vibration severity. Unlike most coal mills where pulverizing process parameters must take into account, here<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(geographic_names)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names)"><span title="The geographic scope near this tag is ambiguous. (May 2019)">where?</span></a></i>]</sup> with beater wheel impact mills it is not the case and condition monitoring of these mills could be conducted offline or online using standard vibration condition monitoring methods. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hammer_mill">Hammer mill</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Hammer mill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A hammer mill is used on farms for grinding grain and chaff for animal feed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demolition_pulverizer">Demolition pulverizer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Demolition pulverizer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An attachment fitted to an excavator. Commonly used in demolition work to break up large pieces of concrete. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coal_Mill_Klingenberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Power plant Klingenberg, Berlin"><img alt="Power plant Klingenberg, Berlin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Coal_Mill_Klingenberg.jpg/120px-Coal_Mill_Klingenberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Coal_Mill_Klingenberg.jpg/180px-Coal_Mill_Klingenberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Coal_Mill_Klingenberg.jpg/240px-Coal_Mill_Klingenberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Power plant Klingenberg, Berlin</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Power plant Reuter-West, Berlin"><img alt="Power plant Reuter-West, Berlin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-1.jpg/120px-Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-1.jpg/180px-Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-1.jpg/240px-Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Power plant Reuter-West, Berlin</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Power plant Reuter-West, Berlin"><img alt="Power plant Reuter-West, Berlin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-2.jpg/120px-Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-2.jpg/180px-Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-2.jpg/240px-Coal_Mill_Reuter_West-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Power plant Reuter-West, Berlin</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coal_Mill_Schwarze_Pumpe.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Schwarze Pumpe power station"><img alt="Schwarze Pumpe power station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Coal_Mill_Schwarze_Pumpe.jpg/120px-Coal_Mill_Schwarze_Pumpe.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Coal_Mill_Schwarze_Pumpe.jpg/180px-Coal_Mill_Schwarze_Pumpe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Coal_Mill_Schwarze_Pumpe.jpg/240px-Coal_Mill_Schwarze_Pumpe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3934" data-file-height="2622" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Schwarze_Pumpe_power_station" title="Schwarze Pumpe power station">Schwarze Pumpe power station</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mill_(grinding)" title="Mill (grinding)">Grinding mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burr_mill" title="Burr mill">Burr mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cement_mill" title="Cement mill">Cement mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_station" title="Power station">Power station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel_power_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fossil fuel power plant">Fossil fuel power plant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_power_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermal power plant">Thermal power plant</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CPMT-GS-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CPMT-GS_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Coal Pulverising Mill Types, by Glenn Schumacher, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Nd8DAAAAMBAJ&dq=1954+Popular+Mechanics+January&pg=PA156">"Jet Pulverizer."</a> <i>Popular Mechanics</i>, April 1954, p. 156.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSchumacher201" class="citation book cs1">Schumacher, Glenn (201). <i>Coal Pulverising Mill Types</i>. Glenn Schumacher. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-646-53759-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-646-53759-7"><bdi>978-0-646-53759-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Coal+Pulverising+Mill+Types&rft.pub=Glenn+Schumacher&rft.date=201&rft.isbn=978-0-646-53759-7&rft.aulast=Schumacher&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APulverizer" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110421040839/http://www.rollermill.net/ore-mill/roller-coal-mills.html">Roller Coal Mills</a>, via Internet Archive</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&oldid=1256430464">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pulverizer&oldid=1256430464</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chemical_equipment" title="Category:Chemical equipment">Chemical equipment</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mechanical_engineering" title="Category:Mechanical engineering">Mechanical engineering</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Power_station_technology" title="Category:Power station technology">Power station technology</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_December_2009" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from December 2009">Articles needing additional references from December 2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_May_2019" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2019">Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_geographic_scope_from_May_2019" title="Category:Vague or ambiguous geographic scope from May 2019">Vague or ambiguous geographic scope from May 2019</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 9 November 2024, at 22:35<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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