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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Valentin le désossé</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentin_le_D%C3%A9soss%C3%A9" title="Valentin le Désossé – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Valentin le Désossé" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentin_le_D%C3%A9soss%C3%A9" title="Valentin le Désossé – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Valentin le Désossé" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%87" title="فالنتين لو ديوسيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فالنتين لو ديوسيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" 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dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Valentin le Désossé</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Jacques Renaudin</div><br />26 February 1843<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">4 March 1907 (aged 64)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Sceaux,_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Sceaux, France">Sceaux, France</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Dancer</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toulouse-Lautrec_-_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Toulouse-Lautrec_-_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue.jpg/220px-Toulouse-Lautrec_-_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="359" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Toulouse-Lautrec_-_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue.jpg/330px-Toulouse-Lautrec_-_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Toulouse-Lautrec_-_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue.jpg/440px-Toulouse-Lautrec_-_Moulin_Rouge_-_La_Goulue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="939" /></a><figcaption>In <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec</a>'s 1891 poster, <i><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge:_La_Goulue" title="Moulin Rouge: La Goulue">Moulin Rouge: La Goulue</a></i>, Valentin le Désossé is portrayed dancing with his partner, <a href="/wiki/Louise_Weber" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise Weber">Louise Weber</a>, at the <a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge">Moulin Rouge</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Valentin le Désossé</b> ("Valentin the Boneless"; 26 February 1843 – 4 March 1907) was the stage name of <b>Jacques Renaudin</b>, a French <a href="/wiki/Can-can" title="Can-can">can-can</a> dancer who was a star of the <a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge">Moulin Rouge</a> in the 1890s as the partner of Louise Weber, known as <a href="/wiki/La_Goulue" title="La Goulue">La Goulue</a> (The Glutton).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Star_of_the_Moulin_Rouge">Star of the Moulin Rouge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valentin_le_d%C3%A9soss%C3%A9&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Star of the Moulin Rouge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Not much is known about the life of Jacques Renaudin. He may have been the son of a notary from Sceaux, a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, and it is thought that, as an adult, he worked as a wine merchant by day. It is certain, however, that at night he danced at the Moulin Rouge, the famed cabaret in the Pigalle district of Paris, near Montmartre. There he formed a partnership with La Goulue, dancing the <i>chahut</i>, a form of the can-can. As a team, they were the toast of <i>tout le monde</i> in <i>fin de siècle</i> Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Renaudin was tall and slender, with an aquiline nose and a prominent chin, which gave him a distinctive profile, and long arms and legs, which gave him an elongated silhouette. He acquired his stage name because of the elasticity of his articulations. With lengthy limbs, he could perform difficult contortions with unusual grace, almost as if he were boneless. Moving from position to position with astonishing fluidity and beauty, usually wearing a black suit and a top hat, he was much admired.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to legend, he danced 39,962 waltzes, 27,220 quadrilles, 14,966 polkas and mazurkas, and 1,000 lancers for a total of 83,112 performances<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="39,962+27,220+14,966+1,000 is not equal to 83,112 (April 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> on the stage of the Moulin Rouge. He never accepted pay for his extraordinary performances<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="This same page later says he danced professionally (April 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, as he danced merely for the love of it.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He retired from the stage in 1895 and faded into obscurity.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Can-can">Can-can</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valentin_le_d%C3%A9soss%C3%A9&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Can-can"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The can-can, spelled <i>cancan</i> in French and pronounced <i>kãkã</i>, is an acrobatic form of the quadrille. Popular in French music halls and cabarets throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century, it derived from the <i>chahut</i>, a rowdy dance performed at public ballrooms by students, working girls, and young clerks.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Characterized by freedom from propriety and by enthusiastic abandon, it requires great flexibility and remarkable vivacity. With no set steps, it permits wild inventiveness of movement--spectacular leaps, high kicks, cartwheels, and jump splits. The popularity of the dance with young people began to fade in the mid-nineteenth century, but it was taken up, with great success, by performers in cabarets and music halls such as the Casino de Paris and the Moulin Rouge.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It usually featured a bevy of female dancers wearing long, flaring skirts, flouncing petticoats, and black stockings, held up by garters. Valentin le Désossé was one of the few men to dance the can-can professionally.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="This same page says earlier that he was not paid for dancing (April 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> He was a popular attraction at the Moulin Rouge in the early 1890s.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_references">Cultural references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valentin_le_d%C3%A9soss%C3%A9&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cultural references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1889/90. Painting. Georges Seurat. <i>Le Chahut</i>. Oil on canvas. Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, Netherlands.</li> <li>1891. Poster. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. <i>Moulin Rouge: La Goulue</i>. Color lithograph. Approximate print run: 3,000 copies.</li> <li>1934. Ballet. <i>Bar aux Folies-Bergère</i>. Choreography by Ninette de Valois. Music by Emmanuel Chabrier. Created for Ballet Rambert, London, with Alicia Markova as La Goulue and Frederick Ashton as Valentin le Désossé.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1950. Novel. Pierre La Mure. <i>Moulin Rouge</i>. Based on the life of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. New York: Random House.</li> <li>1952. Film. <i>Moulin Rouge</i>. Directed by <a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a>. Romulus Films. A biography of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, with Katherine Kath as La Goulue and Walter Crisham as Valentin le Désossé.</li> <li>1954. Film. <i>French Cancan</i>. A fictionalized history of the Moulin Rouge, written and directed by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Jean Renoir</a>. Franco-London Films. With <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Arnoul" title="Françoise Arnoul">Françoise Arnoul</a> as La Goulue and <a href="/wiki/Philippe_Clay" title="Philippe Clay">Philippe Clay</a> as Valentin le Désossé, called Nini and Casimir le Serpentin in the film.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valentin_le_d%C3%A9soss%C3%A9&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Philippe Le Moal, ed., "Valentin le Désossé," in <i>Dictionnaire de la Danse</i> (Paris: Éditions Larousse, 1999).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michel Souvais, <i>Moi, La Goulue de Toulouse-Lautrec: Mémoires de Mon Aïeule</i> (Paris: Publibook, 2008).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Walter Sorrell, "The Dancers of Toulouse-Lautrec," <i>Dance Magazine</i> (New York), October 1953, pp. 28-29, 66-67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">G. Desrat, <i>Dictionnaire de la Danse</i> (1895), reprint (Paris Adamant Media, 2001).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jacques Pessis and Jacques Crépineau, <i> The Moulin Rouge</i> (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Francis Henry Gribble, "The Origin of the Can-Can" (April 1933), reprinted in <i>Dancing Times</i> (London), October 1990, pp. 53-54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Renée Camus, "Cancan: Blurring the Line between Social Dance and Stage Performance," Society of Dance History Scholars, annual meeting, <i>Proceedings</i>, Baltimore, Md., October 2001.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marie-Françoise Christout, "Can-can," in <i>International Encyclopedia of Dance</i>, edited by Selma Jeanne Cohen and others (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), vol. 2, pp. 52-53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Beth Genné, <i>The Making of a Choreographer: Ninette de Valois and Bar aux Folies-Bergère</i>, Studies in Dance History (Society of Dance History Scholars, 1996).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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